social 1

["","","II.\t Case\/Source Based Questions\b (6 Marks) \t 5.\t Read the source given below and answer the questions by choosing the most appropriate option. After primary and secondary, there is a third category of activities that falls under tertiary sector and is different from the above two. These are activities that help in the development of the primary and secondary sectors. These activities, by themselves, do not produce a good but they are an aid or a support for the production process. For example, goods that are produced in the primary or secondary sector would need to be transported by trucks or trains and then sold in wholesale and retail shops. At times, it may be necessary to store these in godowns. We also may need to talk to others over telephone or send letters (communication) or borrow money from banks (banking) to help production and trade. Transport, storage, communication, banking, trade are some examples of tertiary activities. Since these activities generate services rather than goods, the tertiary sector is also called the service sector. \t 5.1.\tThe source given above relates to which of the following options? \t(a)\tService sector\t\t\t (b)\t Tertiary sector \t(c)\tSecondary sector\t\t\t (d)\t Both (a) and (b) \t 5.2.\tWhich of the following activities do not produce a goods, but they are an aid or support for the production process? \t(a)\tTertiary activities\t\t\t (b)\t Quinary activities \t(c)\tSecondary activities\t\t\t (d)\t Both (a) and (c) \t 5.3.\tIt is a sector that gradually became associated with the different kinds of industries that came up. It is called as\u2013 \t(a)\tPrimary sector\t\t\t (b)\t Secondary sector \t(c)\tTertiary sector\t\t\t (d)\t Quinary sector \t 5.4.\tWhich of the following are the example of service sector? \t(a)\tTeachers\t\t\t (b)\t Doctors \t(c)\tPeople who do administrative works, etc. \t(d)\tAll of the above \t 5.5.\tRead the following statements and find the INCORRECT from the given options. \t I.\tThere are many activities that are undertaken by directly using natural resources come under primary sector. \t II.\tThere are many activities where the natural products are changed into other forms come under the tertiary sector. \t III.\tBanking, transport, communication are examples of service sector. \t \tOptions: \t(a)\tI and II\t (b)\tII and III\t (c)\t I only\t (d)\t Quinary sector \t 5.6.\t................... activities, by themselves, do not produce a good but they are an aid or a support for the production process. \t(a)\tPrimary\t (b)\tSecondary\t (c)\tTertiary\t (d)\t Manufacturing Answers \t 1.\t(i)\u2013(d), (ii)\u2013(d), (iii)\u2013(c), (iv)\u2013(c), (v)\u2013(a), (vi)\u2013(c), (vii)\u2013(b), (viii)\u2013(a), (ix)\u2013(b), (x)\u2013(c) \t 2.\t (i)\u2013(a), (ii)\u2013(c), (iii)\u2013(a), (iv)\u2013(c)\t 3.\t (i)\u2013(b), (ii)\u2013(a) \t 4.\t (i) (b) OR (c) \u2003\u2003 (ii) (c)\u2003\u2003OR\u2003\u2003(d) \t 5.\t 5.1 (d)\u2003\u2003 5.2 (a)\u2003\u2003 5.3 (b)\u2003\u2003 5.4 (d)\u2003\u20035.5 (b)\u2003\u2003 5.6 (c) 102 Social Science-10","2. Comparing the Three Sectors \u2022\t The three sectors have a large number of people working and produce a very large number of goods and services. But in economy, one and more sector dominant while other sectors are relatively small in size in terms of total production and employment. \u2022\t Economists suggest that the values of goods and services should be used rather than adding up the actual numbers. Similarly, the value of goods and services in the three sectors are calculated, and then added up. \u2022\t Not every goods or services needs to be counted unless it includes the final goods and services. Final goods and services are those products which finally reach the consumers. \u2022\t The value of final goods and services produced in each sector during a particular year provides the total production of the sector for that year. \u2022\t GDP stands for Gross Domestic Product. It is the total value of all the final goods and services produced in the three sectors in a particular year within the country. \u2022\t The history of developed countries indicate that earlier primary sector was dominant, then secondary sector became dominant and now it is service sector which is dominant. Most of the working people are employed in the service sector. \u2022\t All these happened with the introduction of new methods. Firstly it was introduced in farming or agriculture sector, then in manufacturing sector and finally in tertiary sector. EXERCISE 2.2 \tI.\t Objective Type Questions\b (1 Mark) \t 1.\t\tChoose the correct answer from the given options (MCQs) \t(i)\tThe value of which of the following should be added while calculating the national income? \t(a)\tFinal goods\t\t\t (b)\t Final services \t(c)\tFinal goods and services\t (d)\t None of these \t(ii)\tThe value of each final goods and service produced within the country during a participate year is called as: \t(a)\tAverage Income\t\t\t (b)\t GDP \t(c)\tNational Income\t\t\t (d)\t NDP \t(iii)\tThe goods that are used as raw materials for further production are known by which name? \t(a)\tFinal goods\t\t\t (b)\t Consumer goods \t(c)\tMaterial goods\t\t\t (d)\t Intermediate goods \t(iv)\tGDP of a country is based on \t(a)\tTotal value of good and services\t (b)\t Final value of goods and services \t(c)\tInitial value of goods and services\t (d)\t All of these \t(v)\t The sum total of production of all goods and services in the three sectors are combinedly \t(a)\tNDP\t (b)\tNI\t (c)\t GNI\t (d)\t GDP \t(vi)\tIn the last 100 years, the sector gaining prominance is \t(a)\tSecondary sector\t\t\t (b)\t Primary sector \t(c)\tTertiary sector\t\t\t (d)\t All of these \t 2.\t Assertion and Reasoning Type Questions \t\tTwo statements are given in the questions below as Assertion (A) and Reasoning (R). Read the statements and choose the appropriate option: \t\t Options: \t(a)\tBoth A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A. Sectors of the Indian Economy \u2009103","(b)\tBoth A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A. \t(c)\tA is true but R is false. \t(d)\tA is false but R is true. \t(i)\t\tAssertion (A): Not every good or service that is produced and sold needs to be counted to know the total production in each sector. \t\t\tReason (R): The value of final goods already includes the value of all the intermediate goods. \t(ii)\t\tAssertion (A): GDP shows how big an economy is. \t\t\tReason (R): GDP is the value of all goods and services produced within the domestic territory of a country in a year. \t (iii)\t\tA\t ssertion (A): When calculating the total value of goods and services produced in a country, the value of final goods and services of production is calculated. \t\t\tReason (R): At each stage of production some value is added to a good or service, therefore, the value added at each stage of production is added to derive the total value of gods and services in an economy \t 3.\t Arrange the following in correct sequence \t(i)\tThe biscuit company uses the flour and things such as sugar and oil to make four packets of biscuits. It sells biscuits in the market to the consumers. \t(ii)\tThe mill grinds the wheat. \t(iii)\tFarmer sells wheat to a flour mill. \t(iv)\tThe flour is sold to a biscuit company. \t\tChoose the correct option. \t\t\t\t\t\t (a)\t(i), (ii), (iii), (iv)\t\t\t (b)\t(iii), (ii), (iv), (i) \t\t\t\t\t\t (c)\t(i), (iv), (iii), (ii)\t\t\t (d)\t(iii), (ii), (i), (iv) I\t I.\t Case\/Source Based Questions\b (6 Marks) \t 4.\t Read the source given below and answer the questions by choosing the most appropriate option. The various production activities in the primary, secondary and tertiary sectors produce a very large number of goods and services. Also, the three sectors have a large number of people working in them to produce these goods and services. The next step, therefore, is to see how much goods and services are produced and how many people work in each sector. In an economy there could be one or more sectors which are dominant in terms of total production and employment, while other sectors are relatively small in size. Remember, there is one precaution one has to take. Not every goods (or services) that is produced and sold needs to be counted. It makes sense only to include the final goods and services. Take, for instance, a farmer who sells wheat to a flour mill for ` 8 per kg. The mill grinds the wheat and sells the flour to a biscuit company for ` 10 per kg. The biscuit company uses the flour and things such as sugar and oil to make four packets of biscuits. It sells biscuits in the market to the consumers for ` 60 (` 15 per packet). \t 4.1.\tThe passage given above relates to which of the following options? \t (a)\tComparing three sectors\t (b)\t International competition \t(c)\tComparing only primary and secondary sectors \t(d)\tIncreased employment \t 4.2.\tAccording to the passage, which among the following options is called as intermediate goods? \t(a)\tGoods and services that finally reach to the consumers. 104 Social Science-10","(b)\tGoods and services that intermediately reach to the consumers. \t(c)\tGoods that used in the production of final goods and services. \t(d)\tGoods that used in initially to produced a material. \t 4.3.\tIt is calculated by summing the value of all the final goods and services produced in all the three sectors in a country in a financial year. It is called as\u2013 \t(a)\tGross National Product(GNP)\t (b)\t Net National Product (NNP) \t(c)\tGross Decentralised Product (GDP)\t (d)\t Gross Domestic Product (GDP) \t 4.4.\tWhich of the following sectors provides maximum number of job opportunities? \t(a)\tPrimary Sector\t\t\t (b)\t Secondary Sector \t(c)\tTertiary Sector\t\t\t (d)\t Quaternary Sector \t 4.5.\tWhich of the following sectors has emerged as the largest producing sector? \t(a)\tPrimary sector\t\t\t (b)\t Industrial sector \t(c)\tSecondary sector\t\t\t (d)\t Tertiary sector \t 4.6.\tThe tertiary sector is also called the ___________ sector. \t(a)\tIndustrial\t\t\t (b)\t Service \t(c)\tAdministrative\t\t\t (d)\t None of these \t 5.\t Read the source given below and answer the questions by choosing the most appropriate option.\b (6 Marks) The value of final goods and services produced in each sector during a particular year provides the total production of the sector for that year. And the sum of production in the three sectors gives what is called the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of a country. It is the value of all final goods and services produced within a country during a particular year. GDP shows how big the economy is. In India, the mammoth task of measuring GDP is undertaken by a central government ministry. This Ministry, with the help of various government departments of all the Indian states and union territories, collects information relating to total volume of goods and services and their prices and then estimates the GDP. \t 5.1.\tHow is GDP calculated? \t(a)\tThe value of intermediate goods and services produced in each sector during a particular year and the sum of production in the three sectors. \t(b)\tThe value of intermediate goods and services produced in each sector during a particular year provides the approximate production of the sector for that year. \t(c)\tThe value of final goods and services produced in each sector during a particular year provides the total production of sector for that year, and the sum of production in the three sectors. \t(d)\tThe value of final goods and services produced in each sector during last three years provides the total production of the sector for that year. \t 5.2.\tWhat do final goods and services mean? \t(a)\tProduction of goods and services \t(b)\tThose goods and services that finally reach the consumers \t(c)\tThose goods and services that are out of reach of consumers \t(d)\tNone of the above Sectors of the Indian Economy \u2009105","5.3.\tIn how many sectors does the sum of production give GDP of a country? \t(a)\tTwo\t(b)\tFive\t(c)\t Four\t (d)\tThree \t 5.4.\tWho is responsible for collecting data for the GDP in India? \t(a)\tCentral Government Ministry\t (b)\t State Government Ministry \t(c)\tMayor\t\t\t (d)\t None of these \t 5.5.\tRead the following statements and final the INCORRECT from the given options. \t I.\tGDP is the monetary value of all finished goods and services. \t II.\tGDP provides an economic snapshot of a country. \t III.\tGDP is the most commonly used measure of social activity. \t\t\tOptions: (b)\tI and III\t (c)\t I only\t\t (d)\tIII only \t(a)\tII and III\t \t 5.6.\tIn India, the mammoth task of measuring GDP is undertaken by a _________ ministry. \t(a)\tState government\t\t\t (b)\t Central government \t(c)\tIndependent body set up\t (d)\t Economic survey set up Answers \t 1.\t (i)\u2013(c), (\t ii)\u2013(b), (iii)\u2013(d), (iv)\u2013(b), (v)\u2013(d), (vi)\u2013(c) \t 2.\t (i)\u2013(a), (\tii)\u2013(a), (iii)\u2013(c)\t 3.\t(b) \t 4.\t 4.1 (a)\u2003\u2003 4.2 (c)\u2003\u2003 4.3 (d)\u2003\u2003 4.4 (a)\u2003\u2003 4.5 (d)\u2003\u2003 4.6 (b) \t 5.\t 5.1 (c)\u2003\u20035.2 (b)\u2003\u20035.3 (d)\u2003\u20035.4 (a)\u2003\u20035.5 (d)\u2003\u2003 5.6 (b) 3. Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Sectors in India \u2022\t Over forty five years, the production in all three sectors has increased, but it has increased the most in the tertiary sector, therefore, it has emerged as largest producing sector in India replacing the primary sector. \u2022\t Tertiary sector is becoming so important in India because of basic services has been taken by government, development of agriculture and industry leads to the development of services, rise in income level and finally enhance the services like information and communication technology. \u2022\t During 70s and 80s number of employment were seen in agriculture sector in India. It is because not enough jobs were created in secondary and tertiary sectors. \u2022\t More than half of the workers are working in the primary sector that produce only a quarter of the GDP. In contrast to this, secondary and tertiary sectors produce four-fifths of the produce whereas they employ less than half the people. \u2022\t It means, more people working in agriculture sector than is necessary. In other words, workers in the agricultural sector are underemployed. It means where people are apparently working but all of them are made to work less than their potential. \u2022\t This kind of underemployment is hidden in contrast to someone who does not have a job and is clearly visible as unemployed. Hence, it is also called disguised unemployment. \u2022\t This underemployment can also happen in other sectors like in service sector where casual workers, painters, plumbers, etc. spend the whole day but earn very little. \u2022\t The problem of underemployment in agricultural sector can be reduced through opening new opportunities like duging canals for irrigation, constructing dams, etc. Government also can invests some money in transportation and storage of corps. This activities generate employment to not just farmers but also those in services. 106 Social Science-10","\u2022\t Another way by which government can tackle this problem is to identify, promote and locate industries and services in semi-rural areas where a large number of people may be employed. \u2022\t There is nearly 20 lakh jobs can be created in the education sector alone as well as in health sector also. The erstwhile Planning Commission (now known as NITI Aayog) says that if tourism as a sector is improved, every year we can give additional employment to more than 35 lakh people. \u2022\t The central government made a law implementing the Right to Work in about 625 districts of India. It is called Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act 2005 (MGNREGA, 2005). Under this, all those who are able to, and are in need of, work in rural areas are guaranteed 100 days of employment in a year by the government. EXERCISE 2.3 \tI.\t Objective Type Questions\t\b (1 Mark) \t 1.\t\tChoose the correct answer from the given options (MCQs) \t(i)\tWhich among the following workers are not very productive in tertiary sector? \t(a)\tEducated and trained professionals\t (b)\t Repair persons and daily wage earners \t(c)\tPeople in defence services \t(d)\tPeople working in health centres and hospitals \t(ii)\tConverting iron is a part of \t(a)\tPrimary activity\t\t\t (b)\t Secondary activity \t(c)\tTertiary sector\t\t\t (d)\t All of these \t(iii)\tHidden unemployment is also called \t(a)\tOrganised sector\t\t\t (b)\t Disguised unemployment \t(c)\tTertiary sector\t\t\t (d)\t Contractual unemployment \t(iv)\tPublic health is responsibility of \t(a)\tPrimary sector\t (b)\tGovernment\t (c)\t Private sector\t (d)\t None of these \t(v)\tMGNREGA guarantees job poor for \t(a)\t100 days\t (b)\t90 days\t (c)\t 60 days\t (d)\t 50 days \t(vi)\tThe task of collection of data in all the three sectors of the economy is done by which of the following organisation. \t(a)\tNSSO\t (b)\tBPO\t (c)\t KPO\t (d)\t UNDP \t(vii)\tThe type of unemployment in which more number of people work than actually needed is known as \t(a)\tDisguised unemployment\t (b)\t Seasonal unemployment \t(c)\tUnderemployed\t\t\t (d)\t Over employed \t(viii)\tAs per the workers in different sectors (in millions) the data shown only for organised sector is \t \uf06c\tPrimary Sector \u2014 0.012% (approx.) \t \uf06c\tSecondary Sector \u2014 50% \t \uf06c\tTertiary Sector \u2014 48.8% (approx.) \t\tOut of the three sectors, why did employment in the secondary sector increase? \t(a)\tAn increase in machinary on farms. \t(b)\tPeople tend to migrate to urban areas to get jobs in factories. \t(c)\tMost people are engaged in agricultural activities. \t(d)\tall of the above are correct reason. Sectors of the Indian Economy \u2009107","2.\t Assertion and Reasoning Type Questions \t\tTwo statements are given in the questions (i) to (v) below as Assertion (A) and Reasoning (R). Read the statements and choose the appropriate option: \t\t Options: \t(a)\tBoth A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A. \t(b)\tBoth A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A. \t(c)\tA is true but R is false.\t\t\t (d)\t A is false but R is true. \t(i)\tAssertion (A): Maximum workers in India works in the primary sector. \t\t\tReason (R): Tertiary sector has emerged the largest producing sector of India. \t(ii)\t\tAssertion (A): In India, over the forty years between 1973-74 and 2013-14, while production in all the three sectors has increased, it has increased the most in the tertiary sector. \t\tReason (R): Tertiary sector is the only organized sector in the economy so the government spends a lot of money for creating jobs in tertiary sector. \t (iii)\t\tAssertion (A): In India, the primary sector is the largest employer. \t\tReason (R): The demand for services has increased enormously. \t (iv)\t\tAssertion (A): There are a limited number of services that employ highly skilled and educated workers. \t\tReason (R): Not all of the service sector is growing equally well. \t (v)\t\tAssertion (A): The primary sector continues to be the largest employer even now. \t\tReason (R): Not enough job were created in the secondary and tertiary sectors. \t 3.\t Information Based Questions \t (i)\tRead the information given below and select the appropriate option. Laxmi owning about two hectares of unirrigated land dependent only on rain and growing crops like jowar and arhar. All five members of her family work in the plot throughout the year. In case the government can spend some money or banks can provide a loan to construct a well for her family to irrigate the land. Laxmi will then be able to irrigate her land and take a second crop, wheat. \t\tYou see that everyone is working, none remains idle in the two hectares of land, but in actual fact, their labour effort gets divided. Each one is doing some work but no one is fully employed. This is the situation of \t(a)\tUnderemployment\t\t\t (b)\t Rotational employment \t(c)\tCycle unemployment\t\t\t (d)\t Rotational employment OR \t\t\tAlong with water, which of the following will help the farmer like Laxi for farming to improve? \t(a)\tGovernment efforts\t\t\t (b)\t Cheap agricultural loan \t(c)\tHard working farmers\t\t\t (d)\t Skill labours \t (ii)\tRead the information given below and select the appropriate option. The central government in India made a law implementing the Right to Work in about 625 districts of India. It is called Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act 2005 (MGNREGA 2005). Under MGNREGA 2005, all those who are able to, and are in need of, work in rural areas are guaranteed 100 days of employment in a year by the government. \t\tEvery year we can give additional employment to more than 35 lakh people. Recognising this, government of India passed an act in 2005. It is called: \t(a)\tRight to Work Act\t\t\t (b)\t MGNREGA \t(c)\tPMRY\t\t\t (d)\t Central Employment Scheme 108 Social Science-10","OR \t\t\tWhich of the following objectives is not mentioned in the MGNREGA 2005? \t(a)\tTo give at least 100 days of guaranteed work in rural areas. \t(b)\tIt is required to provide employment within 10 km of an applicant\u2019s home and to pay maximum wage. \t(c)\tIf government fails in its duty to provide employment, it will give unemployment allowances to the people. \t(d)\tTo flourish durable assets like roads, canals, ponds and wells. I\t I.\t Case\/Source Based Questions\b (6 Marks) \t 4.\t Read the source given below and answer the questions by choosing the most appropriate option. A study conducted by the erstwhile Planning Commission (now known as NITI Aayog) estimates that nearly 20 lakh jobs can be created in the education sector alone. Similarly, if we are to improve the health situation, we need many more doctors, nurses, health workers etc. to work in rural areas. These are some ways by which jobs would be created and we would also be able to address the important aspects of development. Every state or region has potential for increasing the income and employment for people in that area. It could be tourism, or regional craft industry, or new services like IT. Some of these would require proper planning and support from the government. For example, the same study by the Planning Commission says that if tourism as a sector is improved, every year we can give additional employment to more than 35 lakh people. We must realise that some of the suggestions discussed above would take a long time to implement. For the short-term, we need some quick measures. Recognising this, the central government in India made a law implementing the Right to Work in about 625 districts of India. It is called Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act 2005 (MGNREGA 2005). Under MGNREGA 2005, all those who are able to, and are in need of, work in rural areas are guaranteed 100 days of employment in a year by the government. If the government fails in its duty to provide employment, it will give unemployment allowances to the people. The types of work that would in future help to increase the production from land will be given preference under the Act. \t 4.1.\tIn which year the NITI Aayog has been set up? \t(a)\t2014\t (b)\t2015\t (c)\t 2017\t (d)\t 2018 \t 4.2.\tAccording to the given source, which of the following suggestions are suggested by erstwhile Planning Commission to create jobs? \t(a)\tTo improve the health situation, need more doctors, nurses, health workers, etc. \t(b)\tTo improve tourism or regional craft industry. \t(c)\tJobs can also be created in educational field. \t(d)\tAll of the above \t 4.3.\tIn how many districts in India, Government of India implemented the Right to Work? \t(a)\tAbout 625\t (b)\tAbout 535\t (c)\t About 600\t (d)\t About 800 \t 4.4.\tIn which year among the following years MGNREGA came into existence? \t(a)\t2003\t (b)\t2004\t (c)\t 2005\t (d)\t 2006 \t 4.5.\tMGNREGA is referred to as \t(a)\tRight to Water\t\t\t (b)\t Right to Property \t(c)\tRight to Life\t\t\t (d)\t Right to Work Sectors of the Indian Economy \u2009109","4.6.\tWhich of the following is the main objective of MGNGEGA? \t(a)\tIt have given rise to the largest employment programme. \t(b)\tIt provides a legal guarantee for wage employment. \t(c)\tIt is a demand-driven programme where provision of work is triggered by the demand for work by wage-seekers. \t(d)\tAll of the above \t 5.\t Read the source given below and answer the questions by choosing the most appropriate option. First, in any country several services such as hospitals, educational institutions, post and telegraph services, police stations, courts, village administrative offices, municipal corporations, defence, transport, banks, insurance companies, etc. are required. These can be considered as basic services. In a developing country the government has to take responsibility for the provision of these services. Second, the development of agriculture and industry leads to the development of services such as transport, trade, storage and the like, as we have already seen. Greater the development of the primary and secondary sectors, more would be the demand for such services. Third, as income levels rise, certain sections of people start demanding many more services like eating out, tourism, shopping, private hospitals, private schools, professional training etc. You can see this change quite sharply in cities, especially in big cities. Fourth, over the past decade or so, certain new services such as those based on information and communication technology have become important and essential. The production of these services has been rising rapidly. \t 5.1.\tWhich one of the following options is considered as basic services? \t(a)\tVillage administrative officers\t (b)\t Banks \t(c)\tEducational institutions\t (d)\t All of these \t 5.2.\tThe development of agriculture and industry leads to the development of services such as: \t(a)\tTransport\t (b)\tTrade\t (c)\t Storage\t (d)\t All of these \t 5.3.\tWhich of the following changes is quite sharply in cities, especially in big cities? \t(a)\tPrivate hospitals\t\t\t (b)\t Private schools \t(c)\tTourism\t\t\t (d)\t All of these \t 5.4.\tWhich of the following services rise rapidly? \t(a)\tBanking and trade\t\t\t (b)\t Call centres \t(c)\tInformation and Communication Technology \t(d)\tSoftware companies \t 5.5.\t\tInformation and Communication Technology is a part of \t(a)\tTertiary sector\t\t\t (b)\t Primary sector \t(c)\tSecondary sector\t\t\t (d)\t All of these \t 5.6.\tTwo statements are given in the question below as Assertion (A) and Reasoning (R). Read the statements and choose the appropriate option. \t\t\tAssertion (A): Certain sections of people start demanding many more services like eating out, tourism, shopping, private hospitals, private schools, professional training, etc. \t\t\tReason (R): As income level of certain sections of people rise. 110 Social Science-10","Answers \t 1.\t (i)\u2013(b), \t(ii)\u2013(b), (iii)\u2013(b), (iv)\u2013(b), (v)\u2013(a), (vi)\u2013(a), (vii)\u2013(a), (viii)\u2013(d) \t 2.\t(i)\u2013(b), (ii)\u2013(c), (iii)\u2013(b), (iv)\u2013(a), (v)\u2013(a) \t 3.\t (i) (a)\u2002 OR\u2002 (b),\u2003(ii)\u2013(b)\u2002 OR\u2002 (b) \t 4.\t 4.1 (b)\u2003\u2003 4.2 (d)\u2003\u2003 4.3 (a)\u2003\u2003 4.4 (c)\u2003\u2003 4.5 (d)\u2003\u2003 4.6 (d) \t 5.\t 5.1 (d)\u2003\u2003 5.2 (d)\u2003\u2003 5.3 (d)\u2003\u2003 5.4 (c)\u2003\u20035.5 (a)\u2003\u2003 5.6 (a) 4. Division of Sectors as Organised and Unorganised \u2022\t Organised sectors covers those enterprises, or places of work where the terms of employment are regular and have assured work. They are registered by the government and have to follow its rules and regulations which are given in various laws such as Factories Act, Minimum Wages Act, Payment of Gratuity Act, Shops and Establishments Act, etc. \u2022\t They provide job security, paid leave, provident fund, safe working environment fixed working hours and paid over time, if they work more. \u2022\t Unorganised sectors are small and scattered units. They are largely outside the control of the government. Rules and regulations are there but often ignored here. They don\u2019t have benefits like provident fund, proper leave, bonus, etc. Job insecurity, low paid and no provision of overtime, etc. can be seen in these sectors. \u2022\t Large number of workers are forced to take up jobs in the unorganised sectors from organised sectors since the 1990s. Hence, it needs protection and support of the workers in the unorganised sector. \u2022\t In urban areas, unorganised sector comprises mainly of workers in small-scale industry, casual workers in construction, trade and transport etc. and those who work as street vendors, head load workers, garment makers, rag-pickers etc. \u2022\t Small scale industry needs government\u2019s support for procuring raw material and marketing of output. The casual workers in both rural and urban areas need to be protected. Workers from SCs, STs and backward communities force social discrimination. \u2022\t Protection and support to the workers of unorganised sector is necessary for both economic and social development. EXERCISE 2.4 \tI.\t Objective Type Questions\t\b (1 Mark) \t 1.\t\tChoose the correct answer from the given options (MCQs) \t(i)\tWhich among the following is a feature of unorganised sector? \t(a)\tFixed number of work hours\t (b)\t Paid holidays \t(c)\tEmployment is insecure\t (d)\t Registered with the government \t(ii)\tPlaces of work which follow rules and regulation are termed as \t(a)\tOrganised sector\t\t\t (b)\t Unorganised sector \t(c)\tTertiary sector\t\t\t (d)\t Secondary sector \t(iii)\tA labourer working under a contractor, is in which type of sector? \t(a)\tPublic sector\t\t\t (b)\t Unorganised sector \t(c)\tService sector\t\t\t (d)\t None of these Sectors of the Indian Economy \u2009111","(iv)\tIn which of the following organisations people cannot expect job security? \t(a)\tOrganised sector\t\t\t (b)\t Unorganised sector \t(c)\tTertiary sector\t\t\t (d)\t All of these \t(v)\tIn which of the following organisations the provision of appointment letter is not there? \t(a)\tUnorganised sector\t\t\t (b)\t Primary sector \t(c)\tOrganised sector\t\t\t (d)\t Service sector \t 2.\t Assertion and Reasoning Type Questions \t\tTwo statements are given in the questions (i) and (ii) below as Assertion (A) and Reasoning (R). Read the statements and choose the appropriate option. \t\t Options: \t(a)\tBoth A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A. \t(b)\tBoth A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A. \t(c)\tA is true but R is false.\t\t\t (d)\t A is false but R is true. \t(i)\t\tAssertion (A): An individual who manufactures flour from wheat is engaged in secondary sector. \t\tReason (R): When some process of manufacturing is used the product is a part of secondary sector. \t(ii)\tAssertion (A): Since the 1990s, it is also common to see a large number of workers losing their jobs in the organised sector. \t\tReason (R): Organised factories closed due to facing heavy competition with multinational companies. \t 3.\t Arrange the correct sequence of Column I against the Column II. Column I Column II I. Organised sector 1. The government owns most of the assets and provides II. Unorganised sector all the services. 2. Ownership of assets and delivery of services in the III. Public sector IV. Private sector hands of private individuals or companies 3. Ignores rules and regulations 4. Provides job security, paid leaves, etc. \t\tChoose the correct answer. \t(a)\tIV-2, II-4, III-1, I-3\t\t\t (b)\t II-3, IV-2, I-4, III-1 \t(c)\tI-2, III-4, IV-3, II-1\t\t\t (d)\t III-2, I-4, II-1, IV-3 \t 4.\t Information Based Questions \t(i)\tRead the information given below and select the appropriate option. Kanta works in an office. She attends her office from 9:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. She gets her salary regularly at the end of every month. In addition to the salary, she also gets provident fund as per the rule laid down by the government. She also gets medical and other allowances. Kanta does not go to office on Sundays. This is a paid holiday. When she joined work, she was given an appointment letter starting all the terms and conditions of work. \t\t\t\tLike Kanta, people who work in the organised sector\u2013 \t(a)\tdo not worry about medical benefits and pensions \t (b)\tdo not get security of employment \t (c)\tdo not get overtime \t (d)\tare not sure about their paid leaves, medical benefits, etc. 112 Social Science-10","OR \t\t\tMany people work in the unorganised sector. Which of the following statements about this sector is correct? \t (a)\tIt provides medical benefits.\t(b)\t It ensures security of employment. \t(c)\tIt is one where the terms of employment are regular. \t (d)\tJobs are low paid and some kind of work is seasonal in nature. \t(ii)\tRead the information given below and select the correct option. Kamal is Kanta\u2019s neighbour. He is a daily wage labourer in a nearby grocery shop. He goes to the shop at 7:30 in the morning and works till 8:00 p.m. in the evening. He gets no other allowances apart from his wages. He is not paid for the days he does not work. He has therefore no leave or paid holidays. Nor was he given any for mal letter saying that he has been employed in the shop. He can be asked to leave anytime by his employer. \t\t\u2018This sector includes a large number of people who are employed on their own doing small jobs like Kamal\u2019. The statement is talk about: \t(a)\tUnorganised sector\t(b)\tPrivate sector\t (c)\t Service sector\t (d)\t Organised sector OR \t\t\tWhich of the following characteristics is related to the unorganised sector? \t(a)\tIt has small and scattered units which are largely outside the control of the government. \t(b)\tJobs here are low paid and often not regular. \t(c)\tA lot of workers depend on the whims of the employer. \t(d)\tAll of the above \t 5.\t Table\/Data Based Questions \t (i)\tStudy the given table and find out the ways for generating more employment in the city rather than in unorganised sector by the government from the options given below. Organised Sector Unorganised Total Sector No. of workers 4,00,000 10,00,000 14,00,000 Income 32,000 million 28,000 million 60,000 million \t (a)\tOpening a cold storage\t\t (b)\t Invest some money in transportation \t(c)\tIncrease vocational education courses\t (d)\t Provide cheap agricultural credit \t(ii)\tRead the following data and information carefully and select the most appropriate answer from the given option. Workers in Different Sector (In Millions) Sector Organised Unorganised Total Primary 1 232 Secondary 41 74 115 Tertiary 40 88 128 Total 82 Total In Percentage 100% \t\tThe table shows the estimated number of workers in India in the organised and unorganised sectors. If we look at the country as a whole we find that 82.7% of the workers in India are in the unorganised sector. Find out how many percent of workers in India employ in organised sector? \t(a)\tAbout 18.4%\t (b)\tAbout 19.3%\t (c)\t About 16.8%\t\t (d)\tAbout 17.3% Sectors of the Indian Economy \u2009113","II.\t Case\/Source Based Questions\b (6 Marks) \t 6.\t Read the source given below and answer the questions by choosing the most appropriate option. The organised sector offers jobs that are the most sought-after. But the employment opportunities in the organised sector have been expanding very slowly. It is also common to find many organised sector enterprises in the unorganised sector. They adopt such strategies to evade taxes and refuse to follow laws that protect labourers. As a result, a large number of workers are forced to enter the unorganised sector jobs, which pay a very low salary. They are often exploited and not paid a fair wage. Their earnings are low and not regular. These jobs are not secure and have no other benefits. Since the 1990s, it is also common to see a large number of workers losing their jobs in the organised sector. These workers are forced to take up jobs in the unorganised sector with low earnings. Hence, besides the need for more work, there is also a need for protection and support of the workers in the unorganised sector. In the urban areas, unorganised sector comprises mainly of workers in small-scale industry, casual workers in construction, trade and transport etc., and those who work as street vendors, head load workers, garment makers, rag pickers etc. Small-scale industry also needs government\u2019s support for procuring raw material and marketing of output. The casual workers in both rural and urban areas need to be protected. \t 6.1.\tIn which one of the following sectors employment opportunities have been expanding very slowly? \t(a)\tOrganised Sector\t\t\t (b)\t Unorganised Sector \t(c)\tPrivate Sector\t\t\t (d)\t Public Sector \t 6.2.\tAccording to the given passage, in the urban areas unorganised sector comprises mainly of workers in\u2013 \t(a)\tSmall-scale industry \t\t\t (b)\t Casual workers in construction \t(c)\tTrade and transport\t\t\t (d)\t All of these \t 6.3.\tWhich among the following sectors adopt such strategies to evade taxes and refuse to follow laws that protect labourers? \t(a)\tOrganised sector enterprises in the unorganised sector \t(b)\tUnorganised sector enterprises in the organised sector \t(c)\tOnly unorganised sector \t(d)\tOnly organised sector \t 6.4.\tWhich of the following sectors\/industries needs government\u2019s support for procuring raw material and marketing of output? \t(a)\tPublic Sector\t\t\t (b)\t Unorganised Sector \t(c)\tOrganised Sector\t\t\t (d)\t Small-scale Industry \t 6.5.\tMohan is a labourer in a near by shop. He gets unpaid holidays and his working hours are not fixed. He works in\u2013 \t(a)\tPrivate sector\t\t\t (b)\t Organised sector \t(c)\tUnorganised sector\t\t\t (d)\t None of these \t 6.6.\tSince the ................... it is also common to see a large number of workers losing their jobs in the ................... sector. \t(a)\t1990s, organised\t\t\t (b)\t 1980s, unorganised \t(c)\t2000s, organised\t\t\t (d)\t 2010s, organised 114 Social Science-10","7.\t Read the source given below and answer the questions by choosing the most appropriate option. In the rural areas, the unorganised sector mostly comprises of landless agricultural labourers, small and marginal farmers, sharecroppers and artisans (such as weavers, blacksmiths, carpenters and goldsmiths). Nearly 80 per cent of rural households in India are in small and marginal farmer category. These farmers need to be supported through adequate facility for timely delivery of seeds, agricultural inputs, credit, storage facilities and marketing outlets. In the urban areas, unorganised sector comprises mainly of workers in small-scale industry, casual workers in construction, trade and transport etc., and those who work as street vendors, head load workers, garment makers, rag pickers etc. Small-scale industry also needs government\u2019s support for procuring raw material and marketing of output. The casual workers in both rural and urban areas need to be protected. We also find that majority of workers from scheduled castes, tribes and backward communities find themselves in the unorganised sector. Besides getting the irregular and low paid work, these workers also face social discrimination. Protection and support to the unorganised sector workers is thus necessary for both economic and social development. \t 7.1.\tIn the rural areas the unorganised sector comprises of: \t(a)\tLandless agricultural labourers\t (b)\t Small and marginal farmers \t(c)\tSharecroppers and artisans\t (d)\t All of these \t 7.2.\tWhich among the following farmers need to be supported through adequate facility for seeds, agricultural inputs, credit, etc.? \t(a)\tSmall and marginal farmer\t (b)\t Landless agricultural farmer \t(c)\tProsperours farmer\t\t\t (d)\t All of these \t 7.3.\tSmall-scale industry needs government\u2019s support for: \t(a)\tProcurring raw material\t (b)\t Marketing of output \t(c)\tBoth (a) and (b)\t\t\t (d)\t Large scale of labour \t 7.4.\tWhich of the social communities is mostly engaged is urorganised sector? \t(a)\tScheduled castes\t\t\t (b)\t Scheduled tribes \t(c)\tBackward communities\t (d)\t All of these \t 7.5.\tBesides getting the irregular and low paid work, which of the following workers also face social discrimination? \t(a)\tScheduled castes\t\t\t (b)\t Backward communities \t(c)\tBoth (a) and (b)\t\t\t (d)\t Marginal worker \t 7.6.\tRead the following statements and find the CORRECT regarding workers condition from the given options. \t I.\tIn urban areas, unorganised sector consists of basically of workers in small-scale industry, casual workers, street vendors, head load workers, garment workers, etc. \t II.\tIn rural areas, about 80% of a households in India are in small and marginal farmer category. \t(a)\tI Only\t (b)\tII Only \t (c)\t Both I and II\t (d)\t Neither I nor II Sectors of the Indian Economy \u2009115","Answers \t 1.\t (i)\u2013(c), (\t ii)\u2013(a), (iii)\u2013(b), (iv)\u2013(b), (v)\u2013(a)\t 2.\t (i)\u2013(d), (ii)\u2013(a) \t 3.\t(b)\t 4.\t(i) (a)\u2002 OR\u2002 (d),\u2003 (ii) (a) OR (d)\t 5.\t (i)\u2013(c), (ii)\u2013(d) \t 6.\t 6.1 (a)\u2003\u2003 6.2 (d)\u2003\u2003 6.3 (a)\u2003\u2003 6.4 (d)\u2003\u2003 6.5 (c)\u2003\u2003 6.6 (a) \t 7.\t 7.1 (d)\u2003\u20037.2 (a)\u2003\u20037.3 (c)\u2003\u20037.4 (d)\u2003\u20037.5 (c)\u2003\u2003 7.6 (c) 5. Sectors in Terms of Ownership: Public and Private Sectors \u2022\t Public sectors are those sectors where assets are own by the government and provides all the services. Example: Railways, post office, etc. \u2022\t Private sectors are those sectors where ownership of assets and delivery of services is in the hands of private individuals or companies. Example: TISCO, RIL, etc. In private sector to get services, have to pay money to companies or private individuals. \u2022\t Such things that needed by the society as a whole are undertaken by the government and ensure these facilities are available for everyone. For example; roads, railways, electricity, dams, etc. \u2022\t The private sector may not continue their production or business unless government encourages it. \u2022\t The Government in India buys wheat and rice from farmers at a fair price and stores in its godowns and then sells at a lower price to consumers through ration shops. In this way, the government supports both farmers and consumers. \u2022\t There are large number of activities which are the primary responsibility of the government. The government must spend on these. \u2022\t Government should provide health and education facilities for all. It needs to pay attention to aspects of human development such as availability of safe drinking water, housing facilities for the poor and food nutrition. It also the duty of the government to take care of the poorest and most ignored regions of the country through increased spending in such areas. EXERCISE 2.5 \tObjective Type Questions\b (1 Mark) \t 1.\t\tChoose the correct answer from the given options (MCQs) \t(i)\tThe sector in which the productive units are owned, maintained and managed by government \t(a)\tOrganised sector\t\t\t (b)\t Primary sector \t(c)\tPublic sector\t\t\t (d)\t Industrial sector \t(ii)\tIn terms of ownership, enterprises owned by individuals are known as ________ . \t(a)\tPublic sector\t\t\t (b)\t Primary sector \t(c)\tUnorganised sector\t\t\t (d)\t Private sector \t(iii)\t Which of the following may not continue their production or business unless government encourages it? \t(a)\tPublic sector\t\t\t (b)\t Private sector \t(c)\tBoth (a) and (b)\t\t\t (d)\t None of these \t(iv)\tWhich among the following is responsible for the education facilities? \t(a)\tNGOs\t\t\t (b)\t Government \t(c)\tPrivate sector\t\t\t (d)\t People themselves 116 Social Science-10","(v)\tChoose the correct option from the following. \t\tList I (Example)\t List II (Sectors) \t(a)\tSAIL\t Private Sector \t(b)\tTISCO\t Public Sector \t(c)\tPost Office\t Public Sector \t(d)\tNTPC\t Private Sector \t 2.\t Assertion and Reasoning Type Questions \t\tTwo statements are given in the questions (i) to (iii) below as Assertion (A) and Reasoning (R). Read the statements and choose the appropriate option. \t\t Options: \t(a)\tBoth A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A. \t(b)\tBoth A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A. \t(c)\tA is true but R is false. \t(d)\tA is false but R is true. \t(i)\t\tAssertion (A): The Government of India buys wheat and rice from farmers at fair price. \t\t\tReason (R): Public sector contributes to the economic development. \t(ii)\t\tAssertion (A): Reliance industries is a privately-owned firm. \t\tReason (R): Government is a major stakeholder is reliance industries. \t (iii)\t\tAssertion (A): There are several goods and services that the society needs; however, the private sector does not produce all of them. \t\tReason (R): Private sector is profit-driven. \t 3.\t Information Based Question \t\tRead the information given below and select the appropriate option. Similarly, we know that nearly half of India\u2019s children are malnourished and a quarter of them are critically ill. We have read about Infant Mortality Rates. The infant mortality rate of Odisha (41) or Madhya Pradesh (47) is higher than some of the poorest regions of the world. Government also needs to pay attention to aspects of human development such as availability of safe drinking water, housing facilities for the poor and food and nutrition. \t\t It indicates the number of children that die before the age of one year as a proportion of 1000 live children born in that particular year. It is called: \t(a)\tChild sex ratio\t\t\t (b)\t Infant mortality rate \t(c)\tNet attendance ratio\t\t\t (d)\t Child mortality rate OR \t\t\tWhich among the following states has lowest and highest infant mortality rates in India? \t(a)\tGoa and Kerala respectively \t(b)\tManipur and Madhya Pradesh respectively \t(c)\tGoa and Madya Pradesh respectively \t(d)\tKerala and Uttar Pradesh respectively Answers \t 1.\t(\ti)\u2013(c), (ii)\u2013(d), (iii)\u2013(b), (iv)\u2013(b), (v)\u2013(c)\t 2.\t(\ti)\u2013(a), (ii)\u2013(c), (iii)\u2013(a)\t \t 3.\t (b)\u2003 OR\u2003 (c) Sectors of the Indian Economy \u2009117","Graph Based Questions \t 1.\t Study the graph and answer the question that follows: Graph 1. GDP by Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Sectors \t\t\tWhich one of the following options best signifies this graph? \t(a)\t Primary sector was the largest producing sector in 1973-74. \t(b)\t Tertiary sector is the largest producing sector in 2013-2014. \t(c)\t Tertiary sector has grown the most over 40 years. \t(d)\t All of the above \t 2.\t Study the given data in graph and find out what it shows from the given options. Graph 2 : Share of Sectors in GDP(%) Sectors 100% 90% 80% 60% 60% 50% 40% 30% 1973-74 2013-14 20% 10% 0% Primary Secondery Tertiary \t (a)\tIt presents percentage share of the three sectors in GDP. \t(b)\tIt shows the share of employment in the three sectors. \t(c)\tIt shows the tertiary sectors share largest GDP in 2013-14. \t(d)\tBoth (a) and (c) A\t ns.\t 1.\t(d)\t 2.\t(c) 118 Social Science-10","Sample Paper\u2009-\u20091 (Issued by CBSE on 2nd September, 2021) Time Allowed: 90 Minutes\b Maximum Marks: 40 General Instructions: \t(i)\t The Question Paper contains four sections. \t(ii)\t Section A has 24 questions. Attempt any 20 questions. \t(iii)\t Section B has 22 questions. Attempt any 18 questions. \t(iv)\t Section C has 12 questions (Case based). Attempt any 10 questions. \t(v)\t Section D contains 2 Map based questions. Attempt both the questions. \t(vi)\t All questions carry equal marks. \t(vii)\tThere is no negative marking. SECTION-A (Attempt any 20 out of 24 questions) \t1.\tWho among the following was the founder of \u2018Young Europe\u2019 underground secret society in Berne?\b \t\t(a)\tGiuseppe Garibaldi \t\t\t (b)\t Giuseppe Mazzini \t\t(c)\tCount Cavour\t\t\t (d)\t Otto von Bismark \t2.\tWhich of the following was the result of the Act of Union, 1707? \t\t(a)\tUnification of Germany\t (b)\t Unification of the kingdom of Great Britain \t\t(c)\tUnification of Italy\t\t\t (d)\t Unification of Vietnam \t3.\tIdentify the correct statement with regard to the \u2018Zollverein\u2019 from the following options: \t\t(a)\tIt was a coalition of Prussian states formed to manage political alliances. \t\t(b)\tIts aim was to bind the Prussia politically into an association. \t\t(c)\tIt was a customs union at the initiative of Prussia. \t\t(d)\tIt helped to awaken and raise national sentiment in Europe. \t4.\tWhich of the following countries were involved in the Three Wars with Prussia and ended with victory and unification of Germany?. \t\t(a)\tAustria, Poland and France\t (b)\t Austria, Denmark and France \t\t(c)\tAustria, Turkey and France\t (d)\t Austria, England and France \t5.\tIdentify the ideology under which people demanded freedom of markets in early-nineteenth century Europe. \t\t(a)\tRomanticism\t (b)\tLiberalism\t (c)\tSocialism\t (d)\tRationalism \t6.\tChoose the correctly matched pair about the crops and the areas they are grown in: \t\t(a)\tGroundnut \u2013 Assam\t\t\t (b)\t Tea \u2013 Gujarat \t\t(c)\tCoffee \u2013 Karnataka\t\t\t (d)\t Sugarcane \u2013 Chhattisgarh \t7.\tThe piece of land left uncultivated for the past 1 to 5 agricultural years is called _________. Choose the correct option: \t\t(a)\tBarren land\t (b)\t Forest land\t (c)\t Grazing land\t (d)\t Fallow land 119","8.\tWhich one of the following conferences convened to discuss environmental protection and socio-economic development at the global level in 1992? \t\t(a)\tKyoto Protocol\t\t\t (b)\t Montreal Protocol \t\t(c)\tRio de Janeiro Earth Summit\t (d)\t World SummitonSustainableDevelopment \t9.\tIndia has land under a variety of relief features. Which of the following features ensure perennial flow of some rivers, provide facilities for tourism and ecological aspects? \t\t(a)\tPlains\t(b)\tPlateaus\t (c)\tIslands\t (d)\tMountains \t10.\t Which one of the following human activities has contributed significantly in land degradation? \t\t(a)\tDeforestation\t(b)\t Crop rotation\t (c)\t Shelter belts\t (d)\tPloughing \t11.\t Which one of the following countries adopted majoritarianism in their Constitution? \t\t(a)\tNepal\t(b)\tIndia\t (c)\t Sri Lanka\t (d)\tBangladesh \t12.\t Identify the significant reason of power sharing from the following options. \t\t(a)\tReduces socio-economic conflicts\t (b)\t Provides ethnic-cultural development \t\t(c)\tAllows people to enjoy specific rights\t(d)\t Restricts supremacy of one party \t13.\t Apart from the Central and the State Governments, Belgium has a third kind of government as well. Identify this third kind of government from the following options: \t\t(a)\tDemocratic Government\t (b)\t Socialist Government \t\t(c)\tCommunity Government\t (d)\t Liberal Government \t14.\t Which of the following countries is an example of \u2018Coming Together Federation\u2019? \t\t(a)\tIndia\t (b)\t Sri Lanka\t (c)\tUSA\t (d) \tBelgium \t15.\t Why is the power shared amongst different organs of government called as horizontal distribution of power? Identify the correct reason. \t\t(a)\tIt gives judiciary more power than legislature and executive. \t\t(b)\tIt allows different organs of government to be placed at the same level. \t\t(c)\tIt gives representation to different ideologies at political level. \t\t(d) \tIt influences and coordinates in the decision-making process. \t16.\t In India\u2019s federal system, the Central and the State governments have the power to legislate on all those subjects which are included in the: \t\t(a)\tUnion list\t (b)\t State list\t (c)\t Concurrent list\t (d) \tResiduary subjects \t17.\t Which of the following states of India enjoy special powers under Article 371-A of the Constitution of India? \t\t(a)\tNagaland\t (b)\tRajasthan\t (c)\t Himachal Pradesh\t(d) \tTamil Nadu \t18.\t Which one the following is an example of Primary Sector activity? \t\t(a)\tBaking\t (b)\tOutsourcing\t (c)\tFarming\t (d) \tBanking \t19.\t Which of the following measures the proportion of literate population in the seven and above age group? \t\t(a)\tNet Attendance Ratio\t\t (b)\t Enrolment Rate \t\t(c)\tLiteracy Rate\t\t\t (d) \tDrop out Ratio \t20.\t Which one of the following is the correct meaning of \u2018Average Income\u2019? \t\t(a)\tThe total income of the country divided by its earning population. \t\t(b)\tThe total income of the country divided by its total population. \t\t(c)\tThe total income of all the residents of the country. \t\t(d) \tThe total income from the domestic and foreign sources. 120 Social Science-10","21.\t Which one of the following best describes Human Development Index (HDI)? \t\t(a)\tImprovement in science, information and technology \t\t(b)\tImprovement in health, education and income \t\t(c)\tImprovement in information and communication \t\t(d) \tImprovement in investment, finance and technology \t22.\t \u201cConsequences of environmental degradation do not respect national or state boundaries.\u201d Which of the following is the essence of this statement? \t\t(a)\tEconomic Development\t (b)\t Human Development \t\t(c)\tSustainable Development\t (d) \tNational Development \t23.\t Which of the following examples fall under an organized sector? \t\t(a)\tA daily wage labourer working for a contractor \t\t(b)\tAn engineer getting all employment benefits \t\t(c)\tA cleaning staff in a private school \t\t(d) \tA tailor stitching clothes at his home \t24.\t Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act 2005 states a guarantee of minimum 100 days of employment per year. If government is unable to fulfil these 100 days of an employment the government would have to ............................. . \t\tChoose the correct option: \t\t(a)\tPay the compensation in lieu of these days \t\t(b)\tProvide another scheme for the same \t\t(c)\tPay at least 1\/3 per cent allowance \t\t(d) \tProvide health care as compensation SECTION-B (Attempt any 18 out of 22 questions) \t25.\t Following image is the personification of Germany commonly associated with the Romantic Era and the Revolutions of 1848. Identify its name from among the following options. \t\tOptions: \t\t(a)\tMarianna\t (b)\t Philip Viet\t (c)\tGermania\t (d) \tLa Italia \t26.\t Which of the following option(s) is\/are correct about Balkan nationalism? \t\tI.\tThe Balkan region became part of the conflict because of the Ottoman Empire. \t\tII.\tThe region comprised of ethnic groups included Greeks, Serbs, Montenegro, etc. \t\tIII.\tBritish and ethnic nationalities struggled to establish their identity. \t\t(a)\tI & II\t (b)\t II & III\t (c)\t Only II\t (d) \tOnly I Sample Paper\u2009-\u20091 \u2009121","27.\t Why did the weavers in Silesia revolt against contractors in 1845? Identify the appropriate reason from the following options. \t\t(a)\tContractors did not pay their dues.\t (b)\t Contractors appointed a few on high posts. \t\t(c)\tContactors used government policies. \t\t(d) \tContractors gave them loans on high interests. \t28.\t Identify the major aspect that helped in the formation of a nation-state in Britain. \t\t(a)\tIn 1688, the monarch of Britain fought war with English Parliament. \t\t(b)\tThe Parliament through a bloodless revolution seized power from the monarchy. \t\t(c)\tThe British nation was formed as a result of a war with Ireland and Wales. \t\t(d) \tThe formation of a nation-state in Britain was the result of many revolts. \t29.\t Identify the soil with the help of clues given below. \t\t\u2022\tdevelops in areas with high temperature and heavy rainfall \t\t\u2022\tis low in humus content \t\t\u2022\tfound in the hilly areas of Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu \t\t(a)\tForest soil\t (b)\t Yellow soil\t (c)\t Black soil\t (d) \tLaterite soil \t30.\t Which of the following categories of resources can we put Tidal energy in? \t\t(a)\t Renewable resources\t\t\t (b)\t Non-renewable resources \t\t(c)\tActual resources\t\t\t (d) \tPotential resources \t31.\t Consider the following statements on power sharing and select the answer using the codes given below: \t\tI.\tIt is good for democracy.\t II.\t It creates harmony in different groups. \t\tIII.\tIt brings transparency in the governance. \t\tIV.\tIt brings socio-political competition among parties. \t\tOptions: \t\t(a)\tI, II & III\t (b)\t II, III & IV\t (c)\t I, III & IV\t (d) \tI, II & IV \t32.\t How Judiciary acts as an umpire in a federal nation? \t\t(a)\tJudiciary rules over Centre and State.\t (b)\t Centre and Judiciary work collectively. \t\t(c)\tCourts can change structure of Constitution \t\t(d) \tCourts use the power to interpret the Constitution. \t33.\t Two statements are given in the question below as Assertion (A) and Reasoning (R). Read the statements and choose the appropriate option. \t\t Assertion (A): Sri Lanka adopted Sinhala as the official language of the state. \t\t Reason (R): The government of Sri Lanka wanted to foster their culture, language and religion. \t\tOptions: \t\t(a)\tBoth A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A. \t\t(b)\tBoth A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A. \t\t(c)\tA is true but R is false.\t (d)\t A is false but R is true. \t34.\t Match the following items given in Column A with those in Column B. Column A Column B \t I.\t Information Technology \t 1.\t Concurrent List \t II.\tPolice \t 2.\t Union List \tIII.\t Education \t 3.\t State List \tIV.\t Defence \t 4.\t Residuary Subjects 122 Social Science-10","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""]