Ogero Report W2 - Alaa Hseiki

TRAINING REPORT (Week II) Alaa B. Hseiki Lebanese University Faculty of Technology [email protected] +961 70 865 665 Academic Year: 2019/2020 1

ABSTRACT This report describes the objectives, materials and activities taken and done in my second week of training at Ogero Telecom Bir-Hassan Branch. In this report, I’ve highlighted the experiences and skills I gained during my second week of the internship. At first, the objectives went to know what is DSL, its types and specifications, how to manage the variation of DSL setups with respect to a given distance. I learned about DSLAMs and had the chance to access the DSL room. I was professionally trained on how to deal with jelly filled cabling in addition to the exercise of installing and punching wires into different types of cabinets. What is DSL? Digital Subscriber Line is a family of technologies that are used to transmit digital data over telephone line. DSL service uses your local phone line to deliver high-speed internet. Unlike dial-up service, DSL uses separate frequencies for phone and internet, so you can use both at the same time. DSL types and specs: 1- ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line) is a type of digital subscriber line technology, a data communications technology that enables faster data transmission over copper telephone lines than a 2

conventional voice band modem can provide. Its asymmetric because download frequency is different than upload frequency. 2- ADSL2+ same specs as ADSL but with higher frequency. 3- VDSL (Very high-speed Digital Subscriber Line) is a digital subscriber line technology providing data transmission faster than Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line. 4- VDSL2+ same specs as VDSL but with higher frequency. 5- SHDSL (Single-pair high-speed digital subscriber line) is a form of symmetric digital subscriber line (SDSL), a data communications technology for equal upload and download data rate over copper telephone lines, faster than a conventional voice band modem can provide. DSL setup with respect to distance: For a given subscriber, we have a constant distance between his location and the cabinet. So in order to deliver a good service and to get the costumer’s satisfaction, we need to apply the rule of resistivity. This formula allows us to determine how to reach our desired frequency for long distances under different cross sectional areas. 3

What is DSLAM: DSLAM (Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer) is a network distribution device, often located in telephone exchanges, that connects multiple customer digital subscriber line (DSL) interfaces to a high- speed digital communications channel using multiplexing techniques. The DSLAM shelf is a universal shelf with 14 slots. It includes these cards:  12 ADSL line cards with 4 ADSL modems per card, supporting up to 48 ADSL links per shelf.  1 or 2 IP concentrator cards, aggregating all DSL traffic from the modems to the network backbone and vice-versa.  1 or 2 Bridge cards (as an alternative to the IP concentrators), providing point-to-point connections with guaranteed bandwidth.  1 SNMP Shelf Manager (SSM) card, providing management capability for up to 4 DSLAM shelves. Zhone DSLAM that I had hands on at Ogero DSL Room 4

What is Jelly Filled Cable? In Telecommunication we use top-notch quality insulated copper conductors that are known for their noise free communication, easy installation, less maintenance, high tolerance and low cost. Further, the Jelly Filled Cables are commonly used in electrifying areas like hilly or rural areas, for its high tolerance even in extreme hot or cold weather. There are different sizes and dimensions to cater to different needs of clients. Jelly Filled Cabling: 5

Punching Process: In Punching process an insertion tool is used to connect single wires to Cabinet Connectors. With pressure sensor and extracting hook to free wires for soldering, screwing and skinning in preparation for connection and at the same time cutting off any excess length. 6