Social Studies Book 2_2077 Edition

LESSON CARE OF PUBLIC PROPERTY 3 Objectives : After the completion of this lesson, students will be able to: n discuss the importance of public properties. n discuss the simple ways to protect them. Teacher : Today we are going to learn about the public properties. The things that can be used by everyone equally are called public properties. Ganesh, can you give a few examples of them? Ganesh : Yes ma’am, there are several public properties around my house. They are a school, a well, a temple, a monastery, a chautara, a hospital, a post office, a police station and a park. Teacher : Nirmala, tell me how we can take care of public properties. Nirmala : We have to renovate the building of school, hospital, temple and chautara from time to time. If we don’t take care of them, they may collapse. Teacher : Good. Remember things like drinking water taps, roads and public transportation are also public properties. We have to maintain the roads to avoid accidents. Water taps should also be maintained properly. If we waste water then people will suffer from shortage of water. All these things make our lives easier and more comfortable. So, it is our duty to take care of these things. Will you take care of the public properties? Students : Yes, ma’am. Note to the Teacher: Discuss with the students about the use and benefits of public properties. Encourage them to protect such properties around their locality. Social Studies - Grade 2 51

Evaluation Exercises 1 Think and Write. Circle the public properties that you have around your house and cross out the ones which you do not have. Road Bus Park Hospital Chautara Inn Well Tap School Temple Post Office Road Library 2 Write True or False. a. Public properties can not be used equally by everyone. b. A hospital, school, park and police station are public properties. c. Everyone must take care of public properties. d. Public properties do not make our life easier and comfortable. e. We have to maintain the roads to avoid accidents. 3 Read the lesson and answer the questions. a. What are public properties? b. Why is it important to maintain roads? c. What happens if we waste water? d. Why should we protect public properties? 4 How can you take care of public properties? Write in the space given. a. ......................................................................................... b. ......................................................................................... c. ......................................................................................... 52 Social Studies - Grade 2

LESSON MY TURN PLEASEObjectives : After the completion of this lesson, students will be able to: n follow the public rules. 4 n develop the habit of staying in a queue while using public properties. My name is Bhawana Shahi. I went to my cousin’s village in Kalikot. Early in the morning my cousin Kalpana woke me up. We went to the public tap to get some water. I saw people standing in a queue. Everybody was waiting for their turn to fill the water. We also stood in the line. When our turn came we filled our buckets and went home. My aunt took me to the temple. I saw people standing in the queue. We also stood in the queue for half an hour. When our turn came we went inside the temple and worshiped the god. In the evening I went with my uncle to the phone booth to call my mother. There we saw people, pushing each other around to use the phone. My uncle requested them to stand in a queue which would save everybody’s time. The villagers agreed with him and stood in a queue. When my turn came I called my mother at home. Now I understand that it is good to wait for our turn when using public properties. We should wait for our turn by standing in a queue. We should follow the public rules in public places. Note to the Teacher: Encourage the students to stand in a queue in public places. Tell them the benefits of standing in a queue. Make sure they enter and leave the classroom in a line. Social Studies - Grade 2 53

Evaluation Exercises 1 Think and answer: What do you see in the pictures? Write your answer in the given space. a. b. a. .......................................................................................... b. .......................................................................................... 2 Read the lesson and answer the questions. Fill in the blanks using the words given in the clouds. a. Bhawana went to the...........................to get some water. b. People were standing in the........................at the temple. c. It is good to...........................for our turn when using public properties. d. We should follow the public.....................in public places. rules wait public tap queue 3 Answer the following questions. a. Why should we stand in a queue while using public properties? ......................................................................................... b. Write one benefit of following the public rules. ......................................................................................... 54 Social Studies - Grade 2

Project Work Collect and paste pictures of some of the public properties. Now write how you can take care of these public properties. a. ............................................................................................... b. ............................................................................................... c. ............................................................................................... d. ............................................................................................... e. ............................................................................................... f. ............................................................................................... Social Studies - Grade 2 55

KEY WORDS Agreed : became ready Collapse : fall down Equally : in the same manner or way Gather : come together Permission : allowing someone to do something Phone booth : a public place for using the phone Properties : things belonging to someone Queue : line up Shortage : lack of something Worship : pray Let’s Revise 1 Find five public properties from the box and circle your answers. S D P TOG FWL S I P L E QWE E G C S R MMO Y X L E H H O S P I T A L MO EA L L Z C T EAO RDBE THER I L CHAUTARA J K 56 Social Studies - Grade 2

2 Fill in the following words. These are the golden rules when waiting in lines. overtake saves push a. We should wait for our turn in a line and not.................. others. b. We should wait in a line quietly and not.......................... each other around. c. We should wait for our turn because this........................ our time. 3 Write Good for good habits and Bad for bad habits. a. We should work together to keep our place clean. b. We don’t need to wait for our turn to use public properties. c. A sick person should be taken to the post office. d. Public properties are very important for us. 4 Answer the following questions. a. Name any two public properties. ....................................... ....................................... b. Write any two things that you can do to keep your school clean. ......................................................................................... ......................................................................................... c. Why is it important to wait for our turn? Give one reason. ......................................................................................... 5 Like Alok write your helpful habits at home and school. Social Studies - Grade 2 57

JUMBLED WORDS Unscramble the letters to name the pictures. emplet tlaopihs stpo icfefo looshc posh lwle 58 Social Studies - Grade 2

5Unit OUR EARTH The Places Where We Live Around My Village A Beautiful Village Map Of My Village Social Studies - Grade 2 59

LESSON THE PLACES WHERE WE LIVE 1 Objectives : After the completion of this lesson, students will be able to: n name the various types of landforms. n describe the various types of landforms. Nargopal lives in Taku village. It lies Hills in Bhojpur District. His village is in the mountains. A place which is high and steep is called a hill. It is difficult to construct road through, around and up the mountains. So people use animals to carry their goods in these areas. The weather is cooler in the mountains. There are some low hills at the base of the mountains. These are called foothills (Bensi). Nargopal’s farmland is in the Bensi. There are some deep and narrow places between the mountains. Such places are known as ravine (Khonch). Khonch There are some flat lands on the slope around Nargopal’s house. These landforms are called elevated plain land (Tar). They are higher than the Bensi. Shova Rauniyar lives in Birgunj. It is a city located in the terai. The terai is a plain area. A low and flat land is called a plain. In a plain, it is easy to go from one place to another. The weather is hot in the terai. It is easy to Plain construct roads there. The soil is good for growing crops. Many people live in the terai. Note to the Teacher: Take the students around the school. Ask them to observe the landforms that they see, let them identify the types of landforms. Have the class draw what they see and write the appropriate word under each drawing. 60 Social Studies - Grade 2

Evaluation Exercises 1 Where do you live? Name your city or village. .............................................................................................. 2 What types of landforms are in your city or village? (Like mountain, hill, plain) .............................................................................................. 3 Look at the given pictures. Write what types of landform are the houses located at. ............................. ............................ ........................... 4 Read the lesson and answer the questions. a. What is a hill? ......................................................................................... b. What is a plain? ......................................................................................... c. What is a Khonch? ......................................................................................... d. What is a Tar? ......................................................................................... Social Studies - Grade 2 61

LESSON AROUND MY VILLAGE 2 Objectives : After the completion of this lesson, students will be able to: n identify the types of landforms of their surroundings. n name the things found in their surroundings. Look at this picture. This is Binita’s village. Her village is surrounded by hills. There is a dense forest in the hills. Villagers go there to collect dry leaves and firewood. There is a river nearby her home. People go to the river for fishing. The water in the river increases during the rainy season. There is a pond near her home. There are different types of fishes in the pond. Many kinds of birds come and rest near the pond. Some ducks also swim there. There is a pasture land on the way to Binita’s school. Villagers take their cattle to graze there. Only a few people live in her village. Garima lives in a city. A big river N flows from the mid-part of the city. There is a lake near her home. People go there for boating and fishing. There is a small hill on the north side of the lake. There is a stupa on the top of the hill. People have cleared the forest to cultivate the land. Since there are very few trees left, now it is a thin forest. Many people live in a city. Note to the Teacher: Let the students observe their surroundings around their locality or any other places that they have visited. Have them record as many natural things they can see. 62 Social Studies - Grade 2

Evaluation Exercises 1 There are hills, a river, a pond, a forest and pasture land, etc around Binita’s house. Similarly, what natural things are there around your house? Name any six. a. ............................. b. ............................ c........................... d. ............................. e. ............................ f. .......................... 2 Read the lesson and list the things around Binita’s village and Garima’s city. Binita’s village Garima’s city Dense forest Thin forest 3 Fill in the blanks. a. The water of the river increases during the...................... season. b. People in the city have cleared the forest to...................... the land. c. Villagers collect.................and.................from the forest. d. Binita lives in a.................and Garima lives in a.................. 4 Read the lesson and answer the questions. a. Why do the villagers go to the forest? Give one reason. b. Why do the villagers go to the river? Give one reason. c. Why do the people go to the lake? Give one reason. d. Where do the villagers take the cattle for grazing? Social Studies - Grade 2 63

LESSON A BEAUTIFUL VILLAGE 3 Objectives : After the completion of this lesson, students will be able to: n draw the rough sketch of their village. n draw the various natural things like a river, mountain, pond, etc. My name is Kalawati Rana. Today Babita’s mother took us to a small hill nearby our school. When we reached the top she asked us to look down. The view of our village was beautiful. The village was surrounded by hills. We were excited to see our school which is in the middle of the village. We also saw the village post office, chautara, and health post. I tried drawing my village. It looked like the picture below. Note to the Teacher: Encourage and help the students to draw a picture of their village and its surroundings. Let them describe their drawing in class. 64 Social Studies - Grade 2

Evaluation Exercises 1 Draw a sketch map of your locality and write four sentences about it. Social Studies - Grade 2 65

LESSON MAP OF MY VILLAGE 4 Objectives : After the completion of this lesson, students will be able to: n draw a free hand map. n identify various symbols or index used in maps. My name is Dol Raj. I live in Naudanda Village. There is a river to the south of my house. Its name is Harpan Khola. There is a health post to the north of my house. People go there when they get sick. My house is linked to a highway. The flat and long road is called a highway. This highway links Pokhara to Baglung. There is a school to the west of my house. There is a rice mill nearby my house. There is a temple to the east of my house. Every day I go there with my grandmother. One can see the beautiful mountain ranges to the north of my house and a pond can be seen in the south. It is a tourist spot, and many tourists come to visit my village. This is the map of my village. I have drawn it by myself. N Symbols / Index Mountain Temple Forest Health post School House Pond River Bridge Road Note to the Teacher: Draw a map of an imaginary village and show it to the students. Encourage them to draw a sketch map of their village and its surroundings, giving symbols for places like road, river, mountain, forest, etc. 66 Social Studies - Grade 2

Evaluation Exercises 1 What things are located in the east, west, north and south of Dol Raj’s house? a. East - ............................... b. West - ................................ c. North - ............................. d. South - ................................ 2 Name the following symbols. H 3 Draw the following symbols. a. House - b. Bridge - c. River - d. Mountain - e. Forest - Social Studies - Grade 2 67

Project Work Draw and colour the landform of your city or village. 68 Social Studies - Grade 2

KEY WORDS Cattle : large animals Cleared : removed something Construct : build or make Cultivate : grow crops Dense : thick Elevated : higher or greater than the area around Foothills : low hills at the base of a mountain Graze : eat grass in a field Hill : a small area of land that is higher than the land around it Increases : gets bigger Linked : connected Mill : a machine for grinding grain Pasture : land covered with grass Steep : slope Tourist : a person who visits a place for pleasure Let’s Revise Khonch 1 Match the following: a. foothills at the base of a mountain b. a flat land on the slope of a hill Bensi c. a narrow place between two mountains Tar d. a grassy land for grazing cattle Highway e. a flat and long road Pasture Social Studies - Grade 2 69

2 Write True or False for the following statements. a. A hill is higher than a mountain. b. The weather is hot in the mountains. c. The weather is cold in the terai. d. Road construction is difficult in mountains. e. Soil is good for growing crops in the terai. 3 What things are located in the east, west, north and south of your house and school? East West North South Your house Your school 4 Draw symbols for: a. Temple - b. House - c. Forest - d. Pond - e. Road - 70 Social Studies - Grade 2

CROSSWORD Read the clues below. Write the answers in the crossword. 1 down - A low and flat land. 2 across - A flat land on the slope of a hill. 3 across - A deep and narrow place between two mountains. 4 down - A great Mountain range. 1. 5 across - A land higher than a hill. 2. 3. 4. 7. H 6 across - A place higher than the land I around it. 5. 7 down - A low lying area at the base of mountain known as a foothill. M A Social Studies - Grade 2 71 6. L A Y A S

6Unit OUR PAST Dorje’s Past and Present Lakpa’s Birthday Our National Symbols

LESSON DORJE’S PAST AND PRESENT 1 Objectives : After the completion of this lesson, students will be able to: n discuss their family background. n speak about their past and present. Dorje is from Jumla. The place where he lives now used to be quite different. Many years ago, his grandparents used to live there. Before Dorje was born, there was no school and health post in the village. The market (Haatbazar) was very far from his home. Dorje’s grandparents had to go far to buy things. There was no road. Goods necessary for the village were brought by mules and aeroplanes. So, things were expensive. Now, there is a health post and a school in Jumla. A market has developed. Helicopter facilities have also started. Although there is still no electricity, people use solar energy to light up their bulbs. They also produce bio-gas from cow dung to cook food. Dorje’s father works in the nearby post office. His uncle teaches in the school and his aunt works in the health post. Dorje’s mamaghar is in Nepalgunj. He is living there for his studies. Nepalgunj is a big city. There is a wide road. There are good transportation facilities. People also travel in rickshaws and tongas. There is an airport from where aeroplanes go to the mountain regions like Humla, Jumla, etc. Note to the Teacher: Tell the students to interact with each other about the occupation, religion, place, culture, etc of their friend’s family. Tell about someone’s past and present living condition in the form of a story as an example. Social Studies - Grade 2 73

Evaluation Exercises 1 Dorje made a table about the place where his friend lived in the past and the present in the following way: Name of Friends Place (lived in past) Place (living now) Chhiring Dolpa Biratnagar Gopal Bhojpur Bhojpur Now make a similar table about any two of your friends. Name of Friends Place (lived in past) Place (living now) 2 Read the lesson and fill in the blanks. a. There was no.......................in Jumla. b. Goods necessary for their village were bought by .................and......................... c. People use...............................to light........................... d. They also produce.................from...............to cook food. e. There are good...............................facilities in Nepalgunj. f. There is an.............................from where aeroplanes go to............................. 3 Read the lesson and answer the questions. a. Where did Dorje’s grandfather live? ......................................................................................... b. What did the people use to light the bulbs in Dorje’s village? ......................................................................................... c. Why were things expensive in Jumla many years ago? ......................................................................................... 74 Social Studies - Grade 2

LESSON LAKPA’S BIRTHDAY 2 Objectives : After the completion of this lesson, students will be able to: n identify the date of birth of his/her friend. n identify the birth place of his/her friend. My best friend Lakpa has invited me to his home. Today is his birthday. In the evening Rosni, Ahmed and I reached his house. He was very happy to see us. The delicious smell of food was coming from the kitchen. His mother was cooking food for the evening. The living room was decorated with colourful balloons. His mother brought a cake with candles on it. Lakpa blew the candles and cut the cake into small pieces. He then served the cake to us. Mmmm... It was yummy! After celebration, Lakpa’s father asked me, “Do you know when you were born?” I replied, “I was born on the 23rd of Bhadra, 2068. It was a Thursday.” He then asked Ahmed, “Do you know where you were born?” Ahmed nodded his head and said, “I was born in Dhangadhi.” “Even I know when I was born” said Lakpa. Everybody turned to look at him. With twinkling eyes he said, “I was born on the 16th of Asad, 2068 in Vyas municipality, Tanahun district.” Then everybody shared their date of birth. Lakpa was happy to know his friends’ birthday. Do you know your date of birth? Note to the Teacher: Let the students interact with each other about their day, date and place of birth. Social Studies - Grade 2 75

Evaluation Exercises 1 Lakpa asked his friends and wrote their date of birth and the place of birth in the following way: Name of Friends Year of Birth Month Date Day Place of Birth Ahmed 2068 BS Asar 6 Monday Pokhara Rosni 2067 BS Chaitra 12 Friday Lamjung Raj Narayan 2069 BS Ashwin 25 Saturday Dhangadhi Like Lakpa, make a similar table about any three of your close friends. Name of Friends Year of Birth Month Date Day Place of Birth 2 Look at the calendar at your home. Find out the day and month of your birthday: a. Day .................................. b. Month ................................ 3 Read the lesson and answer the questions. a. Why is Lakpa happy? ......................................................................................... b. Where was Lakpa born? ......................................................................................... c. Write your date of birth and place of birth (Ask for help from your elders). ......................................................................................... 76 Social Studies - Grade 2

LESSON OUR NATIONAL SYMBOLS 3 Objectives : After the completion of this lesson, students will be able to: n identify our national symbols and describe them. n discuss their importance. Look at this flag. It is our national flag. It has two triangles. There is a symbol of the sun and the moon in white colour. The cow is our national animal. It gives us milk. Farmers use cow dung in their fields. People of village use cow dung to smudge the walls and floors of their houses for purification. Danphe (Lophophorus) is our national bird. It is found in the Himalayan region of our country. It is very colourful. It has nine colours, so it is also called Naurangi Danphe. Laligurans (Rhododendron) is our national flower. It is red in colour. It is found in the Himalayan region of Nepal. Simrik (crimson) is our national colour. People use crimson during pooja and other special occasions. Note to the Teacher: Ask the students to draw pictures of Nepal’s national symbols. Discuss why these symbols are important. Social Studies - Grade 2 77

Evaluation Exercises national colour national animal 1 Match the following: national bird national flower Cow Danphe Laligunras Crimson 2 Complete the following sentences about our national symbols. a. Our national flag has......................................... triangles. There is the symbol of the .........................................and .......................in white colour. b. A cow is our national...................... It has...................legs. It gives us............................ Farmers use.......................... in their field. 3 Read the lesson and answer the questions. a. Where do we find Danphe? ......................................................................................... b. In which region do we find Laligunras? ......................................................................................... c. When do we use crimson? ......................................................................................... 78 Social Studies - Grade 2

Project Work 1 Cut and paste the picture of the following: Cow Danphe Now write how each of these festivals are celebrated? .............................................................................................. .............................................................................................. .............................................................................................. .............................................................................................. 2 Complete the table about your family members. Relation Year of Month Date Day Place of Birth Birth Grandfather Grandmother Father Mother Elder Brother/ Sister Younger Brother/Sister Social Studies - Grade 2 79

KEY WORDS Bio-gas : any gas made from the decay of manure, garbage or crops Celebration : an action of celebrating a day Decorated : made something beautiful Expensive : costly Nodded : lowered or raised one’s head to say yes Occasions : events Purification : to make clean Served : presented food or drink to someone Smudge : rub Symbol : sign Transportation : a system of vehicles Twinkling : bright Let’s Revise Pokhara 1 Write the correct word in each box. I was born on 10th Jestha, 2066 on Tuesday in day date birth place year month 80 Social Studies - Grade 2

2 Study the table and answer the following question. Birth Date Birth Place Year Month Date Mohan 2066 Magh 10th Janakpur Bhim 2068 Jestha 15th Surkhet Rishi 2067 Kartik 3rd Jhapa a. When was Mohan born? ......................................................................................... b. Where was Mohan born? ......................................................................................... c. In which month was Rishi born? ......................................................................................... d. In which date was Bhim born? ......................................................................................... 3 Name the following: ............................... ............................... a. Our national colour ............................... b. Our national animal ............................... c. Our national bird d. Our national flower 4 Write few sentences about the past and present of your family. .............................................................................................. .............................................................................................. .............................................................................................. .............................................................................................. Social Studies - Grade 2 81

FUN WITH COLOUR Draw as many candles to show your age on the cake and colour the picture. Now write: I am.........................years old. My birthday is on................................................................. 82 Social Studies - Grade 2

7Unit ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES All Work Is Equal Be Careful Good Habits Products Of Our Village Products Of Our Country Social Studies - Grade 2 83

LESSON ALL WORK IS EQUALObjectives : After the completion of this lesson, students will be able to: n show respect for all occupations. 1 n speak about the importance and benefits of different types of work. Teacher : Today we will discuss the different jobs people do in our neighbourbood. Mita, what does your father do? Mita : My father is a doctor. He treats the people of our village when they get sick. Everybody loves and respects him. Teacher : There are many other people who help to make our life easier and comfortable. Masons build the house we live in. It protects us against cold, heat, rain, etc. Farmers plough their fields with the plough and grow fruits and vegetables. They also sell fresh milk. These things make us strong and healthy. Cobblers make our shoes and tailors sew and make our clothes. Where will you go if your hair gets too long? You go to the barber. They cut your hair with scissors. It makes you look good and smart. The wooden furniture you see in your house is made by carpenters. Now you all know that every profession plays a very important role to make our lives comfortable. We must respect people for the work they all do. Note to the Teacher: Show the pictures of different occupations and discuss with the students about the types of work people do in their neighbourhood and benefits of it. Motivate them to respect such people and their work. Let them feel that all works are equal and important. 84 Social Studies - Grade 2

Evaluation Exercises 1 Match the following: teaches students Carpenter Mason sells goods Doctor makes furniture Shopkeeper builds a house Teacher produces crops Farmer treats the patient 2 Fill in the blanks. a. A............................makes our shoes. b. We go to a............................when we are sick. c. The desks and benches of our classroom is made by ............................. d. Ram goes to a............................to cut his hair. e. We must respect people for the.....................they all do. 3 Read the lesson and answer the questions. a. What does Mita’s father do? ......................................................................................... b. Who grows fruits and vegetables for us? ......................................................................................... c. What makes our lives comfortable? ......................................................................................... Social Studies - Grade 2 85

LESSON BE CAREFULObjectives : After the completion of this lesson, students will be able to: n identify the importance and benefits of using our possessions properly. 2 n learn how to use our possessions properly and not to misuse them. My name is Smarika KC. I am the eldest daughter in my family. I am a responsible girl. I fold my uniform neatly and put it inside the cupboard. I never throw my toys here and there. I keep my shoes in the shoe-rack. I always advise my younger brother and sister to never tear their books and copies. I do not let them jump on the table. They might get hurt or the table could break. I also don’t let them spill the ink or write on the walls. One day I advised my brother and sister to be careful while doing things. Since then, they always turn off the tap after use. They keep the toilet clean. They talk politely and respect our elders. Now they do not watch television for a long time. They complete their homework on time. Our parents are very happy with us because we take good care of our things. Do you take care of the things in your home? Note to the Teacher: Discuss with the students about the proper place of different things in our home. Encourage them to use it properly. Tell them the benefits of it. 86 Social Studies - Grade 2

Evaluation Exercises 1 Look at the picture and write ‘Careful Habit’ or ‘Careless Habit’ below each picture. a. We should jump on our bed. b. We should always cover our books. c. We must break the windows of our neighbours. d. We need not to throw litter in the dustbins. e. We should keep our things securely. 2 Complete the following sentences using the words given below. ink tap books homework table a. Do not jump on the........................................................... b. Do not tear your................................................................ c. Do not forget to turn off the............................................. d. Complete your.................................................................. e. Donotspill......................................................................... 3 Read the lesson and answer the questions. a. What changes are seen in the habits of Smarika’s brother and sister after she advised them? i. They never forget to....................................................... ii. They keep....................................................................... iii. They talk......................................................................... iv. They respect................................................................... v. They do not watch television......................................... Social Studies - Grade 2 87

LESSON GOOD HABITS 3 Objectives : After the completion of this lesson, students will be able to: n use their money wisely. n take care of the things that belong to them. My name is Rujina. I study in Grade two. Everybody loves me in my family. My mother said that I have very good habits. Do you want to know what good habits I have? I take good care of my things. I never write unnecessarily on my copy. I use my pencil properly. I put my books and copy in the right place after finishing my homework. I polish my shoes by myself. I keep my shoes on the shoe-rack when I return home. My uncle gave me a new dress as a present on my birthday. It is very beautiful. I like it very much. I wear it only on special occasions. I do not want to make it dirty and old soon. So I always keep this dress inside the cupboard. I do not forget to hang it neatly after I use it. I never ask for money from my parents unnecessarily. I save the money that I receive and spend it wisely. I spend it for buying necessary things like books, pencils, socks, erasers and so on. I never force my parents to buy expensive things for me. My parents are very happy with me. Are your parents happy with you? Note to the Teacher: Motivate the students to use their money and their things in a proper way. Tell them about the benefit of using the things and money properly. 88 Social Studies - Grade 2

Evaluation Exercises 1 Write True or False for the following sentences. a. Rujina writes only necessary things on her copy. b. She always keeps her things at the right places. c. Her aunt gave her a new dress on her birthday, d. She buys pencils, books, erasers with her savings. e. Everybody does not love her in the family. 2 How do you take care of the following things? a. Shoes: .I....p..o..l.i.s..h....i.t...a...n..d...k..e...e..p...i.t....i.n...t..h..e....s..h..o..e....r..a..c..k....... b. Books: .............................................................................. c. Clothes: ............................................................................ d. Bag: .................................................................................. e. Toys: ................................................................................. f. Pencils, Colour pencils, eraser: ........................................ 3 Read the lesson and answer the questions. a. When does Rujina wear her beautiful dress? ......................................................................................... b. How does Rujina spend her savings? ......................................................................................... c. Why are her parents happy with her? ......................................................................................... d. How does she take care of her shoes? ......................................................................................... Social Studies - Grade 2 89

LESSON PRODUCTS OF OUR VILLAGE 4 Objectives : After the completion of this lesson, students will be able to: n discuss the importance of local goods produced in their locality. n discuss the benefits of using the locally available goods. I am Bikal Sherchan. I live in Jomsom. The soil here is not fertile, but plenty of apples grow here. The apples produced are very tasty and healthy. People sell these apples in different parts of the country. They also produce local wine from the apples. People keep many animals like horses, yaks, sheep, mules and donkeys at their homes. They produce milk products like cheese, ghee, milk, chhurpi and so on from the milk of yak. People also produce woolen blankets from the wool of the sheep and yak. People use the things produced in our village and also sell them in the market. The earnings from these products help in the development of our village. My mamaghar is in Palpa. This place is famous for Dhaka clothes. They produce dhakatopi, cholo, shawls, ties, handkerchiefs, etc. Many people use these products themselves but they also sell them in the market. With that earning they can buy necessary things that are not available in their village. We should always use the products produced locally in our own village. Note to the Teacher: Discuss with the students about the things produced in their locality and list them. Tell them the advantages of using the things from their own village/locality. 90 Social Studies - Grade 2

Evaluation Exercises 1 Complete the table. Produced items Bread Raw material used Wheat Wool Wood Clay Milk 2 What things are grown in your place? a. Crops - .............................................................................. b. Fruits - .............................................................................. c. Vegetables - ..................................................................... 3 Read the lesson and answer the questions. a. Name some of the products of Jomsom. ......................................................................................... b. Why do people of Jomsom keep yaks? ......................................................................................... c. What is Palpa famous for? ......................................................................................... d. What can be produced from Dhaka clothes? ......................................................................................... e. Write one benefit of using the products from our own village? ......................................................................................... Social Studies - Grade 2 91

LESSON PRODUCTS OF OUR COUNTRY 5 Objectives : After the completion of this lesson, students will be able to: n identify the things made in their villages and cities. We have learned that there are many things produced in the village. Similarly, there are many things that are produced in the cities too. There are many industries in the cities. They produce sugar, clothes, paper, tea, etc. Below are the lists of goods produced in the factories and the raw materials needed to produce them. Raw Materials Goods Produced Grass, hay paper Sugarcane Sugar Jute Sacks Tea leaves Tea Cotton Clothes Wool Sweater Wheat flour Biscuits At present many things are produced in our country. We should use the products produced in our own country. That way the industries will be more developed. The growth of the industries will help in the development of our country and our people. Note to the Teacher: Let the students know about the raw materials found in their locality and the things produced from it like- sugar is produced from sugarcane. Encourage them to use the products of their own country. 92 Social Studies - Grade 2

Evaluation Exercises 1 Match the raw materials with the goods produced: Wheat flour Furniture Sugarcane Clothes Wood Medicines Cotton Sugar Herbs Biscuit 2 Name the raw materials used to produce the following products. a. Sweater b. Sacks c. Paper d. Tea 3 Look for any three things available at your home and write where they are made. (Ask for help from your elders) Name of things Place made 4 Read the lesson and answer the questions. a. What do we call the materials needed to produce various goods? ......................................................................................... b. Why should we use the things made in our own country? ......................................................................................... Social Studies - Grade 2 93

Project Work Collect and paste the wrapper of any one product (like of biscuit, chocolate, oil, cream etc). Now fill in the following information about the product: a. Name of the product: ............................................................ b. Place of manufacture: ............................................................ c. Raw materials used: ............................................................... d. Price: ....................................................................................... 94 Social Studies - Grade 2

KEY WORDS Earnings : money or wages Fertile : good for growing crops Neatly : in a tidy way Politely : showing good manners Produced : made or manufactured Protects : saves Responsible : dutiful Treats : provides medications Unnecessarily : unwantedly Let’s Revise 1 Read the statement and write if it is a ‘Good Habit’ or a ‘Bad Habit’. a. Dipesh throws his shoes in the bed.................................. b. Ritu polishes her shoes by herself...................................... c. Prabin tears his books every day....................................... d. Manish always wastes his food......................................... 2 Circle the odd ones out. a. doctor teacher carpenter furniture b. milk cow cheese ghee c. dhakatopi cholo shawl cupboard d. juice tea coffee sugarcane e. horse yak chhurpi sheep Social Studies - Grade 2 95

3 Write True or False for the following statements. a. A doctor treats sick people. b. Houses protect us from heat and cold. c. A cobbler makes furniture. d. We should take care of our things. e. Spending money unnecessarily is a good habit. 4 Answer the following questions. a. How is a farmer important for us? Give one reason. ......................................................................................... b. Write any two things that you do to make your parents happy? ......................................................................................... c. Write any two things that you do to make your teacher happy? ......................................................................................... 5 Circle the things that are made in a factory. Dalo Doko noodles soap medicine sugar biscuit car 96 Social Studies - Grade 2

FUN WITH MAZE Help the woman find the cow. Colour the path. Social Studies - Grade 2 97

Let’s Stop And Think “A Lesson” Once, Lali and Noori were going to A young lady sat next to Lali in the their aunt’s house with their mother. bus. Soon they both started talking. They were travelling in a bus. 2 What’s you 1 name, baini? Lali. Where are To my aunt’s you going? house. With my mom With whom? and younger sister. Oh I am going to market to Where are you buy clothes going didi? for me. This way they both continued Lali’s new friend offered more talking to each other. Lali liked her chocolates. new friend. She even trusted her. 4 Lali, give some to your mom 3 Lali, here are some and younger sister too. chocolates. Take one. Ok. Thank you, didi. Thank you, didi. Lali quickly ate one of the chocolates She then gave the chocolates to her offered by her new friend. mother and younger sister. 98 Social Studies - Grade 2

Soon all three of them fell After few hours, they gained unconscious. consciousness. 6 Where is my purse? 5 It might have fallen under the seat. Check there too, mom. No, it is not there too. I think we are robbed. Lali, from They continued looking for the where did you get those chocolates? purse but found nothing. 7 8 Lali, let this be a lesson for you. Never eat anything given by strangers. Didi gave me those. Where I am sorry, mom. And did she go now? I will always remember this. Thank you mom. They were robbed by Lali’s new friend. Remember friends, Never eat anything offered by the strangers. Social Studies - Grade 2 99

CREATIVE ART Drawing and Colouring Vegetable Printing Hand and Finger Printing Ink Blotting Flower and Leaf Printing Paper Collage Wax Painting Paper Folding Clay Work 100 Social Studies - Grade 2