Social Studies Book 4_2078 Revised and Updated Edition

PAPER FOLDING (B) A B Step - 1 Step - 2 First take a paper, fold and unfold Now fold the point B along it to make a crease. Then fold the top the dotted line as shown. and the bottom corners along the dotted lines to the point A. Step - 3 Step - 4 Fold the point C outward Take scissors and cut the point D, along the dotted line. 5 cm long. Then, fold the design in half as indicated. Step - 5 A Rabbit Fold the two cut corners along the dotted line to Social Studies - Book 4 151 form the Rabbit’s ears.

3 Lesson PAPER COLLAGE Things Needed Method ? Thick piece of paper or Cut coloured paper into various shapes like circle, square, triangle, etc. Use your cardboard imagination to create various things of these shapes like- triangle paper can be used to ? Colour paper make trees, circle to make balls or oranges, ? Gluestick/gum etc. Put glue on the back of these papers and ? Sheets of torn newspaper paste them on another coloured paper. Your attractive paper collage is ready. Note to the Teacher: Encourage the students creativity and let them experiment in making various shapes from the coloured paper. Let them use those shapes in making new designs. 152 Social Studies - Book 4

4 Lesson CLAY WORK Things Needed Method ? Colourful clay or clay Take a ball of clay and roll it in your hands. ? Water Mould it into different shapes of your choice. Give it the shapes of different animals. Make the body, face and legs and join them together. You will have a small structure of the animal. Note to the Teacher: Teach the students how to mold clay and create things around them. Let them observe the shape of the objects and have ideas for making clay objects. Social Studies - Book 4 153

5 Lesson WIRE SCULPTURE Things Needed Method ? Copper or aluminium wire Use soft wire to bend and twist to make various shapes of your choice. which can be bent easily Give them shapes of different objects and your wire sculpture is ? Pliers, Scissors ready. ? Thick cardboard to place the wire sculpture Note to the Teacher: Show them first how to bend the tip of the two wires to join together. Tell them to be careful while doing so. Show them different objects made of wire to get some ideas and ask them to create different objects. 154 Social Studies - Book 4

6 Lesson LEAF PRINTING Things Needed Method ? Different types of leaves Use the brush to paint one side of the leaf and press this leaf on the ? A paint brush thick piece of paper. You get designs according to the different shapes of ? Liquid colour the leaves. ? Thick piece of paper Note to the Teacher: Let the students collect leaves of different shapes and sizes. First demonstrate the process of “Leaf Printing” then help the students to create various designs. Once completed exhibit their work in class. Social Studies - Book 4 155

7 Lesson DRAWING AND COLOURING A. Draw as instructed and colour the picture. 1 23 4 56 B. Draw as instructed and colour the picture. 1 23 4 56 Note to the Teacher: Let the students observe different objects and imagine some incidents. Encourage the students to make drawings of what they have observed and imagined, and colour them using different colours. 156 Social Studies - Book 4

8 Lesson LOCAL SONG The song sung locally according to place, culture and lifestyle of the people in different places of a country is called the local song. For example Maithali, Bhojpuri, Jhijhiya, Chanchar, etc are sung in Terai region. Jhyaure, Roila, Selo, etc are sung in hill regions. Similarly, Fagu, Basanta, Shilu, etc are sung by Newar community in Kathmandu valley. These are the local songs. Nowadays we can hear such songs in radio and televisions. Can you sing a local song in your mother tongue? Examples of some local song are given below. tfdfª ;]nf] Rofªa\\ f xf] Rofª\\af ;g' ;g' xf] Rofªa\\ f 8Dkm'n] cfh Sof eG5 wd' \\ tfs wd' , tfs wd' , wd' wd' dR} ofª\\ xf] dR} ofª\\ ;g' ;'g xf] d}Rofª\\ 8Dkm'n] cfh Sof eG5 hfd\\ stf hfd\\ stf hfd\\ hfd\\ hfd\\ . ========= g]jf/L uLt ef]hk'/L uLt xf]nL of dn] f doh\\ ' d:on' f a;Gtfg] luvfn{ ' sfn] afbn caL/ eRrf ;f+ to gxfFnf ======= sGjfg] luvf{n' sfn] afbn pQ/fg] luvf{n' sfn] afbn blIf0ffg] luvf{n' kfgL x] /fd] /fd] /d}of ;lF x ;lF x ;lF x ===== Note to the Teacher: Let the students listen to the song carefully. Encourage them to sing any song in their mother tongue. The teacher can sing any local song and make the students sing along. Social Studies - Book 4 157

9 Lesson Music MADAL Madal is one of the most popular musical instruments of Nepalese. It has two sides. These are also called mouth of madal. Among these two sides, one is a bit larger and another is comparatively small. It is also said male for large side and female for small side. Madal is played by the stroke of the two hands, right and left. Different kinds of vocals can be produced from the madal. Among them some popular vocals are given here. Practise them in group. A. Khayali 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 g tL g s lw+ gf lw+ ˜ B. Jhyaure 1 2 3 4 5 6 lw+ ˜ tL gf lw+ gf Note to the Teacher: Encourage the students to practise the Khayali and the Jhyaure beat before they start playing for any song. 158 Social Studies - Book 4

10 Lesson LET'S ACT OUT Acting simply means a role play. It is a skill of presenting a story, dialogue or event. For acting, good facial expressions and speaking out the dialogue with confidence are very important. Try to act out the following scenes in groups. With the help of the teacher, try to create an event or story and act it out in class. Divide the roles and make a good rehearsal before your perform it. Social Studies - Book 4 159

11 Lesson LET'S SING A SONG -ufpF5 uLt gk] fnL, Hofl] tsf] k+v prfnL klZrd lsNnf sfuF 8f k\"jd{ f l6:6f ku' ]YofF} ufpF5 uLt g]kfnL, Hofl] tsf] k+v prfnL s'g zlQmsf] ;fd'df slxn] xfdL e'ms]YofF} ho ho ho x] g]kfn ;G' b/ zfGt ljzfn xfdLn] lxdfn p7fofF} Pl;ofsf] dfemdf ;'Gb/ zfGt ljzfn ._@ ;Eotf af; a;Y] of] cfP/ oxLF ;fFemdf u08sL, sfz] L, s0ffn{ L, dr] L / dxfsfnL oxL gk] fnL df6fd] f lbnsf] km\" n /fk] ]/ n]s / aF;] L lapemfpF5g\\ nx/ nfvfF} prfnL oxL kxf8L lznfdf kL| tsf] uLt vf]k]/ lxdfnrn' L afn] fp5F klxnf] emN' sf lgsfnL afFrfn} f xfdL gk] fndf rGb| / ;o\" { WjhflnO{ ;u/dfyf lzv/df k'Ub5 klxn] g]kfnL . gfrF fn} f xfdL lxdfndf Hof]ltsf] k+v prfnL ;Ltfn] ;f/f lehfOg\\ blIf0f n+sf ef/t -ufpF5 uLt g]kfnL, Hofl] tsf] kv+ prfnL e[s6' L tf/f pbfOg\\ pQ/ rLg, ltAat ufp5F uLt g]kfnL, Hof]ltsf] kv+ prfnL a'¢n] oxLF kfPy] 1fgsf] klxnf] d'xfg ho ho ho x] gk] fn ;'Gb/ zfGt ljzfn lzjn] oxLF NofPy] ;[li6sf] klxnf] laxfg . ;G' b/ zfGt ljzfn ._@ ;'Gb/ zfGt ljzfn ufpF5 uLt gk] fnL, Hof]ltsf] kv+ prfnL ;G' b/ zfGt ljzfn ufp5F uLt gk] fnL, Hof]ltsf] k+v prfnL ;G' b/ zfGt ljzfn ho ho ho g]kfn ;'Gb/ zfGt ljzfn ;G' b/ zfGt ljzfn . –dfwj k;| fb l3ld/] Note to the Teacher: First the teacher sings the song and encourages the students to join him/her. Make the students practice the song many times to make them familiar with the time. Explain the meaning of the song. 160 Social Studies - Book 4