Robert Reece 2A Flipbook

FlipBook Robert Reece 2A Tysha Beaty



Table of contents Integumentary System Urinary System Integumentary System Urinary System Musculoskeletal System Reproductive System Musculoskeletal System Reproductive System Nervous System Nervous System Special Senses Special Senses Cardiovascular System Cardiovascular System Respiratory System Respiratory System Digestive System Digestive System

Integumentary System KEY TERMS Function Derm/o - Skin The integumentary system Dermat/o - Skin protects the body's internal Kerat/o - Hard / Horn living tissues and organs, Xer/o - Dry protects against invasion by Xanth/o - Yellow infectious organism, and Erythr/o - Red protects the body from Pedicul/o - lice dehydration. Onych/o - Nails Myc/o - fungus Pil/o - Hair Lip/o - Fat Rhytid/o - Wrinkle Albin/o - White

Integumentary System Vocabulary Diseases/Disorders Epidermis - outermost layer of skin Acne - caused by inflammation of Dermis - middle layer of skin sebaceous glands Hypodermis - lowest layer of skin Tinea - skin infection caused by fungus Sudoriferous glands - sweat glands Wart - skin growth Sebaceous glands - oil glands Gangrene - death of skin due to loss of blood Scratch Allergies Test - skin is scratched to test for allergies Intradermal Skin Test - injected into the Careers skin to test for allergies Dermatologist - a medical practitioner Needle Biopsy - sample of skin is qualified to diagnose and treat skin removed with a needle disorders. Punch Biopsy - sample of skin is removed with circular blade Keloid - abnormally raised / thickened Dermatology Nurse scar Dermatology Technician

Musculoskeletal System KEY TERMS Function My/o - Muscle The body's bones (the skeletal Myel/o - Bone Marrow system), muscles (muscular system), Oste/o - Bone cartilage, tendons, ligaments, joints, Cost/o - RIb and other connective tissue that Crani/o - Skull supports and binds tissues and organs -pexy - fixation; to put in together comprise the musculoskeletal place system. Most importantly, the system Chondr/o - Cartilage provides form, support, stability, and Arthr/o - Joint movement to the body -plegia - paralysis Kinesi/o - Movement

Musculoskeletal System Vocabulary Diseases / Disorders Tibia - Shin Atrophy - shrinkage of muscle Collarbone - Clavicle Muscular Dystrophy - weakness of Funny Bone - Humerus muscle Heel - Calcaneus Tetany - sustained spasm Shoulder Blade - Scapula Adhesion - injured muscle sticks together Breast Bone - Sternum Lower Jaw - Mandible Careers Upper Jaw - Maxilla Skull - Cranium Certified Fitness trainer Knee Cap - Patella Exercise Physiologist Sports Medicine Physician Physical Therapist Chiropractor

Nervous System Key Terms Function Neur/o - nerve The nervous system is involved in encephal/o - brain receiving information about the myel/o - spinal cord environment around us (sensation) ambul/o - walking and generating responses to that -esthesia - nervous information (motor responses). The sensation nervous system can be divided into mening/o - meninges regions that are responsible for psych/o - mind sensation (sensory functions) and for concuss/o - Shaken the response (motor functions) together, Violently agitated

Nervous System Vocabulary Diseases / Disorders Phobia - irrational fear Dyslexia - learning disorder causing one CNS - central nervous system to have difficulty understanding written language PNS - peripheral nervous Stroke - Seizure characterized by violent system muscle contractions Sensory input - electrical signal Alzheimer's - memory loss, poor to nervous system language expression, mental degradation Integration - information is Bulimia Nervosa - binge eating followed processed by brain by vomiting Motor output - voluntary / Careers involuntary movement Psychiatrist - a medical practitioner specializing in Neuron - Brain cell the diagnosis and treatment of mental illness. Anxiolytic - anti anxiety drug Sedative - drug that causes a Psychologist - an expert or specialist in psychology. soothing effect Neurologist - a specialist in the anatomy, functions, and organic disorders of nerves and the nervous system.

Special Senses Key Terms Function irid/o - iris The function of the special sensory -cusis - hearing receptors is to detect environmental -opia - vision condition stimuli and transduce their energy ot/o - ear into electrical impulses. tympan/o - tympanic membrane (eardrum) opthalm/o - eye -metry - process of measuring

Special Senses Vocabulary Diseases / Disorders Ishihara color vision test - test Cataract - clouding of the lens for color blindness Conductive deafness - deafness by lack Audiometry - measurement of of sound wave conduction ability to hear Ageusia - absence of taste LASIK - laser eye surgery Gustatory sense - sense of Anosmia - absence of smell taste Olfactory bulb - area where Careers smell is processed Choroid - blood vessels in the Optometrist - a person who practices the eye profession of examining the eyes for visual defects and prescribing corrective lenses. Lacrimal glands - tear glands Ophthalmologist - is a medical or osteopathic Mastication - chew doctor who specializes in eye and vision care Deglutition - swallow Audiologist - An audiologist is a licensed hearing health care professional who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of hearing loss and Enucleation - removal of an eye balance disorders

Cardiovascular System Key Terms Function Cardi/o - heart The main function of the angi/o - vessel (blood) cardiovascular system is therefore to hem/o - blood maintain blood flow to all parts of the hemat/o - blood body, to allow it to survive. Veins Brady- slow deliver used blood from the body Tachy- fast back to the heart. thromb/o - clot -emia - blood condition leuk/o - white erythr/o - red arteri/o - artery

Cardiovascular System Vocabulary Diseases / Disorders Myocardium - cardiac muscle Cardiac arrest - sudden unexpected loss Epicardium - outer layer of of heart function heart Coronary artery disease - damage or Endocardium - inner layer of disease to major blood vessels heart Arrhythmia - improper beating of the Pulmonary -relating to the heart lungs Systolic BP - pressure in Stroke - damage to the brain due to arteries when the heart is interruption in the blood supply contracting Careers Diastolic BP - pressure in arteries when the heart is filling Cardiologist - specializes in diagnosis and Sphygmomanometer - treatment of heart conditions instrument for measuring blood pressure Cardiovascular technologist - assist physicians in Venules - small veins diagnosing and treating cardiac and peripheral vascular ailments Arterioles - small arteries

Respiratory System Key Terms Function bronch/o - bronchus Your respiratory system is the cyan/o - blue network of organs and tissues that laryng/o -larynx help you breathe. This system helps -oxia - oxygen your body absorb oxygen from the air Oxy- oxygen so your organs can work. It also pleur/o - pleura cleans waste gases, such as carbon pneum/o - lung / air dioxide, from your blood. pulmon/o - lung thorac/o - chest trache/o -trachea

Respiratory System Vocabulary Diseases / Disorders Pharynx - throat Coup - childhood disease also known as Larynx - voice box barking cough Trachea - windpipe Sleep apnea - not breathing during sleep Epiglottis - covers the larynx Hyperventilation - fast and deep prevents food from entering breathing lungs Asthma - sudden attacks of dyspnea Bronchi - carry air to the lungs CareersAlveoli - exchanges o2 and co2 Diaphragm - muscle that Pulmonologist - diagnoses and treats conditions of controls breathing the respiratory system Inspiration - inhale Perfusionist - operates the cardiopulmonary bypass machine during cardiac surgery and other surgeries Expiration - exhale that require cardiopulmonary bypass Ventilation - air in or out

Digestive System Key Terms Function cholecyst/o - gallbladder The digestive system is responsible for taking enter/o whole foods and turning them into energy and col/o - colon nutrients to allow the body to function, grow, and colon/o - colon repair itself. hepat/o liver gastr/o - stomach or/o - mouth -pepsia - digestion chole/o - bile; gall proct/o - anus and rectum

Digestive System Vocabulary Diseases / Disorders Amylase - enzyme produced by Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease -occurs the pancreas to digest when acidic stomach juices, or food and fluids back up from the stomach into the esophagus. Esophagus - he passage between the pharynx and the Peptic Ulcer Disease - ulcers develop in the stomach lining of the stomach or the first part of the small intestine Bile - Digestive juice made in the liver and stored in the gallbladder. Inflammatory Bowel Disease inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract Cecum - first part of large intestine. Irritable Bowel Syndrome - a common disorder that affects the large intestine. Defecation -elimination of feces from the digestive tract thru the rectum Degulation - Swallowing Careers Dentin - material that makes uo Gastroenterologist – a physician specializing in the teeth diseases of the digestive system Enamel - H ard, outermost layer Proctologist – a physician specializing in diseases of a tooth of the rectum and anus Glucose - sugar Ileum - hird part of large intestine

Urinary System Key Terms Function -cele - hernia The urinary system's function is to filter blood and -lysis - breakdown create urine as a waste by-product. cyst/o - urinary bladder nephr/o - kidney ren/o - kidney -uria - urination -pexy - fixation -ectasis - widening pyel/o - renal pelvis

Urinary System Vocabulary Diseases / Disorders Lithotripsy – Crushing kidney Nephrolith - kidney stone stones with sound waves Cystoscopy – looking into the Urethritis - inflammation of the urethra urinary bladder with a fiberoptic instrument. Enuresis - involuntary release of urine Urination - process of expelling Chronic kidney disease - the kidneys are urine damaged and unable to filter blood properly. Oliguria - production of urine Careers Anuria - lack of urine production Catheter - tube for injecting or removing fluids Filtration - some substances, but Urologist - physician specializing in the not all, pass through a filter genitourinary tract Kidney - bean shaped organ that Nephrologists - physician specializing in kidney filters waste diseases. Retroperitoneal - Pertaining to behind the peritoneum. creatinine clearance - measure of the efficiency of the kidneys in removing creatinine from the blood

Reproductive System Key Terms Function cervic/o - neck (of uterus) To produce egg and sperm cells. To transport and salping/o - fallopian tube sustain these cells. To nurture the developing ov/o - egg offspring. orchid/o - testis oophor/o - ovary men/o - menses mamm/o - breast gynec/o - woman colp/o - vagina propstat/o - prostate gland

Reproductive System Vocabulary Diseases / Disorders Gonads - male reproductive Hydrocele – a fluid filled sac partially glands surrounding the testis. Swelling on the side of the scrotum Sperm- male reproductive cell Pelvic inflammatory disease -An infection Ova - eggs / female reproductive of the female reproductive organs. cell Scrotum - the external pouch that Cervical cancer -A malignant tumor of the contains the testes cervix, the lowermost part of the uterus. uterine tube - a pair of tubes Prostate cancer - A cancer in a man's conducting the egg from the prostate, ovary to the uterus Estrogen - female sex hormone Careers Testosterone - male sex Obstetricians- care for women before, during, and hormone after pregnancy Fertilization - when the nucleus of Andrologist - the medical profession dealing with sperm combines with the nucleus the male reproductive system. of the egg to form a zygote Infertility - inability to conceive children Meiosis - cell division of sex cells