Salud Coomeva

ISSN 1692 - 5556 Agosto - Septiembre 2019 - Edición 148 VELAR POR EL OTRO Caring for the other www.revistasaludcoomeva.co 1



Number 148 BREASTFEEDING, August - September 2019 A PRICELESS ACT Revista Salud Founder Gilberto Quinche Toro Gilberto Lotero Muñoz (q.e.p.d.) CEO Coomeva Sector Salud Chairman of the Board Breastfeeding is the greatest gift ween mother and child. From José Vicente Torres Osorio of love a mother can offer her Coomeva Private Healthcare we join child. It is a complete food that this summons by inviting our users to Executive President of the provides the newborn with the pro- think about childhood and the need to Cooperative Coomeva Business Group teins, vitamins, fat, carbohydrates and provide them with an integral growth Alfredo Arana Velasco minerals necessary for its deve- both from an exemplary upbringing, a lopment also preventing diseases and healthy nutrition and cognitive wellbe- CEO Coomeva Sector Salud illnesses; it may also have bearing on ing according to its needs and the sta- Gilberto Quinche Toro the intellectual coefficient of children. ges of formation. We know that World Breastfeeding Week will be Cuidarte es Quererte [Caring is CEO Coomeva Private Healthcare held in August a key date to sensitize Loving (TN)] and that is why we are Gilberto Quinche Toro (E) and motivate this practice, considered certain that it is from home that guide- as the main factor in protection lines and healthy habits will be esta- Camilo Ernesto Diusabá Perdomo against chronic malnutrition and the blished that each person will preserve National Director of Marketing most generous act through which an and replicate in the different scena- Sector Salud indissoluble bond is established bet- •rios throughout his entire life Sandra Yanira Ocampo Sarmiento Health Division Human Administration Editorial and Graphic Direction, Magazine General Editor Journalists Commercialization National Manager Paula Andrea Montoya T. Isabel Vallejo Jiménez El Colombiano prepress and printing Laura Jaramillo Arango Cali: Marisol Monsalve General Manager Magazine Editor Natalia Ospina Vélez 310 544 2354 Xiomara Iveth Campo El Colombiano Natalia Estefania Botero C. Diana M. Ramírez [email protected] Tel.: (4) 331 5252 Graphic Editor Felipe Ortergón Bogotá: Yulieth Acosta Galvis Editorial Committee [email protected] Hugo A. Vásquez E. Ingrid Cruz Riaño 315 479 7045 Pascual Estrada Garcés Nicolás Guillot Leclerc Medellín: Viviana Barrera National Director of Prepaid Design 310 411 6018 Blanca Inés Vélez Margarita R. Ochoa Gaviria Photography [email protected] National Director of Oral Health ShutterStock - Cortesía Diana Cristina Sánchez Ramírez Service Experience National Director Bertha Varela Rojas National Chief of Medical Audit Julián Villegas National Chief of Risk Management in Health Mabel Irina Calero Chief of Brand Juan Fernando Saavedra Aulestia Chief of Brand Martha Liliana Cifuentes National Coordinator of Lenders Relations Sandra Viviana Muñoz Rodríguez Director of Epidemiology Collaborators Marco Emilio Ocampo Ana María Correa Montaño Alexandra Arango Rojas Érika Ximena López Macías Juan Pablo Barba Castañeda Viviana Trujillo Jiménez Hugo Ricardo Campo Cardona Jéssica Montes Díaz Dyllan Camilo González The contents of all Salud Coomeva Medicina Prepagada S.A. magazine articles are illustrative in nature and/or for general knowledge. In no case are they meant to replace the advice or guidance of a physician. Readers shall not use this information in order to self-diagnose and/or perform an analysis, diagnosis or treatment of a disease or health problem without consulting with a certified physician. The product and service offers made in the ads published in the Salud Coomeva Medicina Prepagada S.A. magazine are the sole responsibility of the advertisers. Also, the company is not liable nor obligated to provide its affiliates the services, procedures or treatments described in the contents of articles that are not included in the coverage offered by Coomeva Medicina Prepagada S.A., nor shall they be obligated to include them in their plans and services. All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in any form or system. © 2019

TABLE OF CONTENT August - September 2019 q SIGUE LA RUTA DE Cuidarte es quererte 7 31 55 75 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )WITH YOUR BODY WITH YOUR MIND WITH YOUR WORLD CORPORATE 8 Couples 32 Little giants 56 Trends 76 Interaction Are you following a 10 plans for caring our The game of learning Twenty minutes of healthy diet? health together high impact 12 Go natural 38 Grandparents 60 Harmony in health 80 Directory Foods for forming Life does not wither The perfectionist On hand our medical collagen away when our mobi- ideal network lity is reduced 14 For him 62 Infographic 82 Institutional Hair loss an issue that 44 Keep in mind Learn to interpret It is everyone’s worries them Talking, inspiring and nutritional labels commitment transforming 18 Nutrition 46 Your generation 66 Keep in mind Midday pause Changes that come The essential part of with adolescence sleeping well 22 Focus on 50 Prevention 68 For her Lymphoma Shake off your rage to The conscious deci- live in calm sion of living alone 24 Keep in mind 72 Couples Escaping the flu, how Foundations come to achieve this? from dialogue 4

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TENEMOS UNA EXCELENTE NOTICIA Ahora más órdenes pueden ser autorizadas directamente por nuestra red médica Pensando en tu comodidad, hemos ampliado el número de procedimientos diagnósticos, terapias, laboratorio clínico e imágenes diagnósticas, que pueden ser autorizados directamente a través de audio respuesta por nuestra red médica. ¿Qué significa esto? 2 3 1 FACILIDAD Y AGILIDAD BENEFICIOS EN SALUD La autorización se hace Al realizarte oportunamente AHORRAS TIEMPO por teléfono directamente el tratamiento recomendado Al no tener que ir a nuestras desde el prestador que escojas. por tu médico. oficinas a solicitar la autorización. Cuidarte es Quererte

5 )WITH YOUR BODY SERVINGS OF FRUIT OVER-NUTRITION PRESENTS WITH AND VEGETABLES ARE INTAKE OF HIGH- ENERGY FOODS THE RECOMMENDED THAT LACK THE FUNDAMENTAL DAILY INTAKE. NUTRIENTS. BALANCE AT YOUR TABLE Having a balanced diet prevents over- nutrition as well as obesity and related pathologies such as juvenile diabetes or cardiovascular disorders. CONSCIOUS CHOICES Prefer healthy sources of protein, such as lean meat, nuts or eggs. Serve whole wheat bread and cereals becau- se they are rich in fiber. ADEQUATE TECHNIQUES Bake, broil or steam cook your foods instead of frying them; drink water or milk instead of fruit juice with sugar or soft drinks.

WITH YOUR BODY ( )couples 10PLANS FOR CARING OUR HEALTH TOGETHER 1EXERCISING 2CARING FOR Planning and discipline are vital to enjoying physical activity YOUR NUTRITION allowing the mind to free itself from stress. One must use dialo- gue to negotiate this space according to each one’s agenda and Cooking is a great plan for couples house chores that both of you must share to allot time to exerci- and a time for sharing. When there se whether together or separately. Each one certainly has diffe- are special requisites due to health rent needs but motivating as a couple will prevent issues or simply because you wish to you from falling into a sedentary life style. take care of one another, it is funda- mental to consult with a nutritionist and follow those recommendations. Unify recipes as much as possible also according to taste, purchase only recommended products and help your partner avoid temptations. 8

( )WITH YOUR BODY As a couple you can ADVISOR promote healthy life MARÍA ROSARIO GUERRERO BUELVAS Family Medicine Specialist Doctor habits for self-care Love is caring. The best demonstration of this and to enhance is caring for the other person’s well-being, your wellbeing in being attentive to his physical and mental health, connecting as a couple with everyday actions each other’s that enhance the quality of life, promoting unity lea- ding you to achieve your goals. Below we are offe- company as well. ring some simple plans for you to practice. REGULAR CONTROLSIn general, all healthy patients must get clinical check-ups twice a year as preventive medicine. A good sign inside the couple is both individuals being attentive to these controls that also depend on the stage each one is in. There will most likely be check-ups and 3specific tests by age groups. Reminding your partner to have these check-ups is a sign of your wishing for his/her health. 4 IBNLOCOASDEPORFESHSIUGRHEHigh blood pressure is a common problem today in TAKING both men and women. Therefore, it is primordial to MEDICATION 5maintain healthy life habits such as moderate physi- In the same way you remind your partner about the check-ups cal exercise for adults of at least 150 minutes per and tests, one must be aware that taking medication is a way to week, according to the World Health Organization. avoid problems both present and future. To that end new Maintaining adequate weight and controlling stress technologies provide tools such as alarms to remind one of the provide for regulation of arterial pressure levels. time to take your pills and also applications for follow-up. This simple plan can make a difference if, for example, you have a bad memory or are careless with this issue. 9

WITH YOUR BODY MWEANTCTAHLINHGEAOLVTEHRAssessing the impact of work and family stress and the ( )couples way in which economic difficulties affect your life, such as the quality of your sleep, is a way of watching over 6BEWARE SUGAR Inside the couple, the only per- 7mental health. You must pay attention to alarming missible ‘sweets’ must issue weight gain or loss; noticing a certain reluctance to from love but not from foods undertake actions that previously motivated the indivi- containing sugar and preserva- dual; if your partner expresses fears or anxiety you tives that affect our health and must accompany him/her without taboos to a psycho- trigger many diseases. The logical or psychiatric consultation. recommendation according to Dr. Maria Rosario Guerrero LDIOFEN’FTRLOOMSESISGEHXTUAL“Sexual health, in general, has to do with emotions and communi- Buelvas is to “ go back to real food, that comes from the cation,” explains the family doctor. “It is important for the other earth, from tubercles, rice, oats person to know how to listen to the needs of his partner keeping and dried fruit; return to non- an open mind when having conversations to reach agreements processed, non-labeled foods.” 8about the wishes they express. In case of any masculine or femini- 10 ne dysfunction, ideally these must be expressed fearlessly to find solutions with the accompaniment of a doctor. 9 Included in our care is keeping a KEEP A good first aid kit for the home and BASIC FIRST learning basic first aid skills to know AID KIT AT how to help our partner in case of an HOME unexpected event or one derived from any disease one presents. Have the telephone numbers on hand to ask for help when necessary and know what allergies the other person has to avoid accidents: this is part of the advice our Specialist offers.

( )WITH YOUR BODY 10BE ALERT TO POTENTIAL SIGNS OF DISEASE It is necessary to notice any changes in behavior and abnormal symptoms that your partner may present in different biological functions. But the benefits of tranquility, love, dialogue and sharing will always be visible in a home. Emotional health impacts physical health. So, the combination of exercise, stress management, healthy eating habits •and love will be key to a healthier couple 11

WITH YOUR BODY ( )go natural FOODS FOR FORMING COLLAGEN Stimulate the formation of cartilage, control pain from articular attrition and promote good skin condition. ADVISOR DANIELLA BELLIZIA CHACÓN - Nutritionist Dietitian C ollagen is a protein that provides resistance and elasti- You may also take it as a dietary supplement. Nutritionist city to the bones, ligaments, tendons and cartilages. Dietitian Daniella Bellizia Chacón indicates that, “to this end one Nonetheless, natural production of this substance in must take it in hydrolyzed powder form as it helps the organism to our organism decreases with time; estimates show that by 40 absorb it during the following 12 hours after consumption.” She years of age the body produces half of what it produced in ado- also indicates that it is an additional aide in diminishing pain from lescence. This decrease can give origin, among other things, to articular attrition produced by osteoarthritis as well as a stimulant flaccidity, loss of bone density, articular pain and of the mus- to the production of cartilage. Nevertheless, she stresses the impor- cles. It is possible to stimulate the formation of this protein in tance of seeking a specialist’s advice before intake. the body by intake of foods such as red meats, fish, fruit and vegetables especially those rich in Vitamin C, eggs, dried fruit There are 28 types of this protein, some of which are distribu- and particularly nuts that are rich in omega 3 an anti-inflamma- ted in certain tissues, where they perform specific biological func- tory that stimulates synthesis of collagen. Adding exercise to tions. XXII, for example, is present only in the junctions of the your balanced diet is fundamental as well as is maintaining tissues; VII participates in the adhesive properties of the skin; X sti- good hydration and a good quality of sleep. mulates production of bone tissue from cartilaginous tissue; VIII •affects bone formation and XIX acts on our central neurons NUTRIENTS AND THEIR CONTRIBUTIONS DAIRY BEEF OR EGGS POULTRY PRODUCTS VISCERA Provide high biological Depending on are rich sources of three macro- provide complete protein, vita- value protein (they are the type, they nutrients: proteins, fat and car- min B12, iron and zinc. present with bohydrates. Depending on the cut their fat essential amino greater or lesser fat content is greater or lesser. acids for the content, (turkey has less, chicken For example, filet steak and body). is intermediate and hens have rump round point have more more). In general, these foods fat and tenderloin provide complete protein and and veal have less have the amino acids essential (lean cuts). for the body’s needs. 12

( )WITH YOUR BODY 12 % OF THE WORLD POPU- LATION SUFFERS FROM OSTEOARTHRITIS. 1,5 % OF TISSUE COLLAGEN IS LOST, ON AVERAGE AS OF 25 YEARS OF AGE. 75 % OF THE SKIN’S WEIGHT IS CONSTITUTED BY COLLA- GEN, LIKEWISE, 20 % OF BONE WEIGHT AND 70 % OF CARTILAGE WEIGHT. FISH AND SEA FOOD Are sources of complete trout, sardines and salmon protein, they contain all the that provide Vitamin D and essential amino acids (that Omega 3. form proteins for the body) and also vita- mins and minerals. For fish, we recom- mend deep blue water fish such as tuna, 13

WITH YOUR BODY ( )for him HAIR LOSS AN ISSUE THAT WORRIES THEM Genetics, stress and age are common causes of hair disease in men. ADVISOR JUAN JAIME ATUESTA NEGRET General Dermatologist Losing from 100 to 150 hairs each day is normal with the 40 % possibility of renewal. Nevertheless, there are situations where this loss becomes continuous and more abundant OF MEN OVER 40 SUFFER FROM without indications of replacement. This causes baldness, espe- ALOPECIA ACCORDING TO cially in men. The most frequent form of this disease is andro- THE UNITED STATES genetic alopecia (genetic and hormonal) and is responsible for NATIONAL LIBRARY OF 95% of the cases. In fact, as Dermatologist Juan Jaime Atuesta, MEDICINE MD explains, it accounts for the largest number of consulta- tions on matters pertaining to diseases of the scalp; second place is for seborrheic dermatitis. The Mayo Clinic indicates that stress, intake of certain medicines and suffering from certain pathologies such as can- cer, lupus and diabetes can also cause abnormal loss of hair and disorders in the natural processes of regeneration. In any case, the specialist based on his diagnosis will determine the best treatment for each patient. Following is a review of the most common disorders. 14

( )WITH YOUR BODY ALOPECIA Known as baldness consists of the progressive pecia is slight it can be treated with topical (exter- miniaturization of the hair follicle (hair of the scalp). nal) medication; if it is moderate, there is generally In case of decisive genetic influence, it may present a combination of topical and oral medication. If at 20 years of age. It begins with hair loss in the severe or very advanced, surgical procedures are frontal area and crown until the person is comple- used. Included in among those are micro implants tely bald in these areas. It is not preventable. If alo- or micro grafting. SEBORRHEIC DERMATITIS Defined as dandruff is a disorder that produces people susceptible to the action of this fungus pre- excess peeling of the scalp due to an inflammatory sent with this disease as there is no way of preven- process caused by a fungus that all human beings ting it. It is treated with medicated shampoos but, have on their skin called Malassezia. Therefore, according to severity, may require oral medication. 15

WITH YOUR BODY ( )for him PSORIASIS on the person’s genetic predisposition. The severity determines treatment either with topical (external) or Is an inflammatory scalp disorder that produces systemic (oral) medication. reddening and severe peeling much stronger than the one produced by seborrheic dermatitis as it depends FOLLICULITIS biotics, generally taken orally and a shampoo with anti- bacterial action. This contagious disease can be pre- Is the inflammation of the hair follicle produced, in vented by attending only aseptic beauty salons, not general, by bacteria and on occasions, by fungi. It pre- sharing utensils for the hair such as hair brushes, sents as reddening, pain, itching and pustules (blisters) combs, hats, hoods, washing of the hands and generally at the birth point of the hair follicle. For treatment one maintaining a good hygiene. must first perform a bacterial culture to determine the type of bacteria and on that basis prescribe the anti- SYMPTOMS OF HAIR LOSS Mayo Clinic lists some signs for alarm. Gradual decrease in the thickness of the hair on the upper part of the head It affects both men and women in the ageing pro- cess. The hairline begins to recede from the forehead in a shape that resembles the letter M. Sudden Physical or emotional shock may loosen our hair. Possibly tufts of hair fall out while combing, washing or even when pulling it softly. Throughout the entire body Some disorders and treatments such as chemotherapy cause the hair to fall out. In general, it grows back again. Circular balding points or patches some people present with soft balding points no larger than the size of a coin. This type usually affects only the scalp but on occasions can also appear on the beard or eyebrows. In some •cases itching or pain of the skin present before it falls out. 16

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WITH YOUR BODY ( )nutrition MIDDAY PAUSE The challenge is getting the majority of nutritional groups into our lunch. If breakfast recharges an individual’s energy to 1 start the day, lunch enhances the energy to conti- nue the sojourn. “It is even,” explains nutritio- SERVING OF MEAT IS EQUI- nist Angela Franco Castro, “the most complete VALENT TO ABOUT 100 G menu, as it includes vegetables, fruit, flour, fat and RESULTING FROM POR- protein that are scarcely taken together in the mor- ning, afternoon or evening due to eating habits and TIONING ONE POUND customs. “Generally, breakfast has other ingredients INTO FIVE PARTS. such as cheese corn cake, juice, coffee with crackers or a serving of fresh fruit and dinner is lighter still, Enriching this meal at midday is possible in so far this makes meeting our nutritional requirements a as each human being understands and realizes his daily challenge,” indicates the professional. nutritional demands, in order not to exceed the amounts of each nutritional group. Following are In addition to the biological process, our routine three recipes to prepare lunch at home, and if such is for lunch bears an important tradition as it brings along the need for a pause to enjoy a complete menu •the case, to take to work with the family, by yourself or with co-workers and making available to the body nutrients to absorb in SOURCE the ensuing hours. ÁNGELA FRANCO CASTRO Nutritionist – Unit for Promotion and So, crafting varied and balanced dishes is a mat- Prevention in Nourishment and ter of creativity. Only one formula has to be clear: Nutrition at the University of Antioquia one serving of protein, one to three carbohydrates, one vegetable, one fat and one fruit. In this way you comply with around 35 to 40 % of the required nutritional contribution that allows for an indivi- dual’s efficient day. “Not taking an adequate lunch, leads to the indi- vidual having low blood sugar level, making him feel irritable, in a bad mood and with a decrease in work efficiency up to 30%. An egg is also a good option for protein, in order to achieve the expected supply, you must combine it with other proteins of vegetable origin such as legumes, cereals or nuts,” she adds. 18

( )WITH YOUR BODY The small shells are rich Zucchini and carrots provide fiber, in carbohydrates and a vitamin A and anti oxidants that source of energy. help prevent heart disease. OPTION 1 IT’S A LIGHT LOW-FAT SHELLS WITH VEGETABLES OPTION. NUMBER OF SERVINGS: 1 Calories: 368 / Protein: 16.5 g / Carbohydrates: 33.5 g / Total fat: 18.7 g INGREDIENTES: 90 g Shells 1 clove Garlic finely minced 1/2 Onion finely minced 1 tbs Oil 1/2 Red pepper minced in small squares 1/2 Carrot sliced in juliennes 1/2 Tomato minced 2 slices Ham in juliennes 1/4 Zucchini sliced in juliennes 20 g Parmesan Cheese Salt and pepper to taste Basil to taste INSTRUCTION: - Cook the shells from 10 to 12 minutes in a pan filled with water. Add the salt. Do not add oil, as this increases concentration of fat and impedes blending of the sauce. - Aside, in a saucepan with oil stir-fry the garlic, onion, red pepper, carrot and tomato, add the salt, pepper and basil. Leave at medium heat and add the ham and zucchini. Stir. - Add the previously cooked shells to the mixture above. - Serve and sprinkle with Parmesan cheese. Suggested drink: water or any low sugar drink. 19

( )WITH YOUR BODY The plantain provides carbohydrates that promote concentration. OPTION 2 INSTRUCTION: CHICKEN CASSEROLE - Add the onion, tomato, bay leaves, marjoram, salt and chicken breast fillets to a saucepan with NUMBER OF SERVINGS: 2 water. Cook for 15 to 20 minutes. - Remove the onions, cooked tomatoes and a cup Calories: 426 / Protein: 22.4 g of the chicken broth, blend and then add the / Carbohydrates: 42 g / Total fat: 18.8 g tomato sauce, cream of milk and mayonnaise. Blend again. INGREDIENTS: - Aside, mince the cooked chicken breast into squares and stir-fry. Fry the sweet plantain squa- 1/2 Onion in shells res. Save. 1 Tomato cut in shells - When serving, use the chicken as a base and add the sauce, the plantain, the grated potatoes and the 1 chicken breast Fillet Parmesan Cheese. Bake for 10 minutes, optional. 1 tbs Tomato sauce 1 tbs Cream of milk light Suggested drink: natural juice in water without sugar. 1 tbs Mayonnaise 1 tbs Mustard 1/2 Sweet plantain squares, fried 40 g Grated potatoes 40 g Parmesan cheese Bay and marjoram to taste Salt and pepper to taste Chicken is a source of protein and helps, along with exercise, keep our muscle mass. IT IS A LOW FAT OPTION. Onion contains antibacterial and anticancer compounds. 20

( )WITH YOUR BODY Beans are legumes that are a source of vegetable protein. When combined with any cereal, such as rice, they turn into a protein similar to that of animal origin. OPTION 3 INSTRUCTION: BEAN SALAD Mix all ingredients in a bowl and serve. NUMBER OF SERVINGS: 2 Suggested drink: choose a drink Calories: 427 / Protein: 16 g / Carbohydrates: 63 g / that is a source of vitamin C, such Total fat: 16 g as guava juice that facilitates the absorption of iron. INGREDIENTS: 1 Red onion finely minced 1 Tomato finely minced 1/2 Avocado cut in squares 1/2 Red pepper cut in squares 240 g Tender corn (1 can) 240 g Precooked black beans 3 tbs Lemon juice 2 tbs Vegetable oil Pepper to taste Garlic salt to taste Avocado is a type of monounsaturated fat, considered healthy and protective of the heart. IT IS AN OPTION RECOMMENDED FOR VEGETARIANS. 21

( )WITH YOUR BODY FOCUS ON LYMPHOMAThe most common types of lymphoma are Hodgkin’s and Non Hodgkin’s; owing its name to the ( )British doctor that discovered the disease in the 19th Century. ADVISOR MAURICIO LEMA Medical Oncologist Know more about lymphoma at www.revistacoomeva.co 22

( )WITH YOUR BODY focus on The first alerting signal for lymphoma is inflammation of one over six weeks, a kind of inventory is made to determine the groups or several lymphatic ganglia that do not return to their nor- of ganglia involved. The sites of easier access are the groin, neck mal size along the following six weeks. Additional symptoms and armpits: less visible are the ones located in the mediastinum a include fever, sweating and unintentional loss of weight over the place between the lungs, in the intra-abdominals, or in the pelvis last six months. This is a suspicious clinical panorama that requires made visible only through imaging,” explains Medical Oncologist medical consultation. Lymphoma refers to a type of cancer of the Mauricio Lema. In order to establish diagnosis and treatment the lymphatic system that is part of the organism’s network in charge specialist removes the ganglion (biopsy), evaluates the blood tests of combating germs, infections and other disorders, in other words, and physical examinations and collates with family antecedents of to the immune system. “When a ganglion inflames persistently •the patient. Most cases are curable GENERAL FROM 15 CHARACTERISTICS TO 35 AND FROM 50 TO Despite other types of cancer such as 70 YEARS OF AGE NON lung, breast and colon that extend to the HODGKIN’S LYMPHOMA ganglia, lymphoma is characterized by the fact that the cancer originates in them. IS MOST COMMON. The risk of suffering this disease increases in individuals presenting with HIV, the 3 virus that causes AIDS. TO 6 INDIVIDUALS FOR EARLY DETECTION EACH 100 THOUSAND INHABITANTS ARE DIAG- A biopsy, in most types of cancer, is the safest NOSED WITH LYMPHOMA way to determine its existence in a given area of the body. During this procedure, the doctor EVERY YEAR. takes a small sample of tissue to perform labo- ratory tests. When it is not possible to take this sample, other tests are performed to help establish the diagnosis. 5% HODGKIN’S AND NON HODGKIN’S OF CANCER DIAGNO- SIS CORRESPONDS TO Around 90 % of the people with lymphoma also have Non Hodgkin’s, the rest have Hodgkin’s. LYMPHOMA. The main difference is the specific type and the proliferation of lymphocytes that participate in each case. Lymphocytes refer to a type of white blood cell produced in the bone marrow; it is found in the blood, in the ganglia and other vital organs such as the liver, spleen or thymus. 23

( )WITH YOUR BODY ESCAPING THE FLU ¿HOW TO ACHIEVE THIS? good hydration and adequate nutrition are key for curing the symptoms. ADVISORS JULIÁN HURTADO - MD, practitioner at Coomeva Private Healthcare ÓSCAR BARÓN - Pediatrician Pulmonologist Along the most strenuous peaks of clima- red hospitalization due to infections such as pneu- te in winter and due to the strong chan- monia, severe respiratory difficulty requiring ges in temperature a greater number of oxygen due to low saturation. “Among the factors consultations arise referring to the common flu most associated with this pathology are environ- prone to complications if not treated on time. mental contamination, smoke from any source such as cigarettes, exposure to dust and the cold. According to Medical Doctor Julián In fact, children suffering from respiratory aller- Hurtado, “The secret for preventing the gies (asthma or rhinitis), with a low nutritional common flu from having greater consequences is state, absence of vaccine against influenza or who having good defenses. This is done by taking are attending school and sharing their space with abundant amounts of water – between 10 to 12 other minors, are the most likely to worsen their glasses a day – exercising to activate your circula- condition to the point of requiring medical inter- tion, a diet rich in dried fruit such as nuts, hazel- vention of greater impact,” Pediatrician nuts and almonds, as well as good sleep hygiene, Pulmonologist from the Pulmonology intake of iron found in red meats, seafood, blood Foundation of Colombia Oscar Barón warns us. sausage and green vegetables.” PREVENTING IS BETTER THAN CURING Recent numbers from the Ministry of Health A balanced diet is the secret to escaping the flu. of Colombia, confirm that, between April and May 2019, about 250,000 cases of respiratory Recommended for children is adequate nutrition problems presented associated to fever, nasal rich in zinc and vitamin C, through intake of fruit congestion, irritation in the nose, ear ache and such as oranges, kiwi, lemon and tangerine as well throat ache, especially in patients between 0 and as vegetable juice, chicken broth, garlic and main- 7 years of age. taining good hydration. He advises adults to take foods rich in Vitamins A and B such as milk, chee- Other indicators show that only one of each se, carrots, spinach, fish, chicken, turkey, egg yolk ten flus present complications and require emer- gency treatment; from these only 3 to 4 % requi- 24

( )WITH YOUR BODY SUDA MENOS. VIVE MÁS. Reduce permanentemente el sudor en las axilas. and salmon. Protein is also essential. “Eating and TRATAMIENTO DE hydrating well will always be a guarantee that serves SUDORACIÓN AXILAR Y MAL OLOR AXILAR in helping to prevent and alleviate the symptoms of Por medio de Microondas the flu, and even reduce the time it lasts or preven- ELIMINE este molesto ting it from becoming a permanent discomfort,” problema con tecnología de Hurtado added. ÚLTIMA GENERACIÓN y In case symptoms associated to this illness pre- ALTA EFECTIVIDAD sent, such as fever over Miradry es un tratamiento efectivo (38 degrees, shivers, aprobado por la FDA para el If you suffer from heart manejo de la Sudoración axilar y el general discomfort, dry mal olor axilar ( Hiperhidrosis y coughing, throat ache, disease, vaccines to avoid influen- Bromhidrosis axilar) . congested or blocked za may reduce the risk of compli- nose and fatigue cations related to the flu, accor- Visítenos among others, it is www.clinicasudoracion.com important to keep chil- ding to the Mayo Clinic. dren hydrated and Contacto +57 3156703225 covered as well as clea- +57 3164784086 +572 3821000 Ext 15002 ning their nose with physiological serum at least [email protected] twice a day and not exposing them to dust or Dr. José Pablo Velez , MD. smoke filled spaces. In relation to adults, it is important to avoid exposure to strong wind currents, sudden chan- ges in temperature, cold beverages and smoking, among others.

CWOITNHTYUOCUUREBROPODY ( ))keep in mind AVOID FREE INTAKE OF ANTIBIOTICS Currently in Colombia more people die from inadequate use of anti- biotics, mortality rate increasing from this fact in over 30% meaning there are 13% more infections caused by resistant bacteria. Such indicators are disclosed in a report by the Organization for Cooperation and Economic Development (OCED) confirming that resistance to antibiotics could cause 2,4 million deaths in member countries of the OCED up to 2050, Colombia included. BEWARE SELF-MEDICATION SIGNAL FOR ALERT According to the World Health Organization ► Flus should not last (WHO), 90 % of colds are of viral and not bacte- over a week. rial origin, that is to say that they must not be treated with antibiotics, even less if they have not ► Noises in the chest such as be prescribed. whistling, sinking of the ribs, accelerated breathing or Resistance to this type of a medicine, such as arrhythmia, purple color lips, azithromycin and amoxicillin, used in an irres- dilated nostrils due to effort, ponsible way for cases of the flu, very rapidly fever of over 38 degrees and generate resistance. “When a patient really needs lack of appetite for more an antibiotic, in case of an infection, it will not than 72 hours. generate any effect and you will have to adminis- ter other more stronger ones that will present ► These symptoms with more discomforting symptoms such as abdo- improve but later minal pain associated to gastritis, diarrheas, return with fever and damage to the liver and kidneys,” explains Dr. more intense Hurtado. coughing. Not recommendable either is administration of decongesting medicines, artificial nasal drops, •using inhalers or application of ointments 26

*Válido del 1 al 31 de agosto de 2019. / El descuento aplica en referencias seleccionadas para el producto de igual o menor valor de la misma marca. (WITH YOUR )BODY 27

WITH YOUR BODY ( )little giants ATTENTION TO THOSE FIRST TEETH appearing at six months of age and begining to fall out between 5 to 7 years of age. ADVISORS MÓNICA DURÁN - Pediatric dentist, practitioner at Coomeva Private Healthcare JUAN MANUEL CÁRDENAS - Pediatric dentist One of the first changes occurring “These symptoms appear because the relief of these discomforting symptoms.” in a child’s health life is the eruption of a tooth may cause inflamma- ALONG THE PROCESS appearance of teeth and the even- tion and sometimes infection of the tual falling out of these primary teeth bet- surrounding gum due to accumulation of These first teeth begin forming in the baby ter known as baby or milk teeth. As they bacterial plaque,” explains Pediatric from the sixth week after birth becoming visi- erupt, irritation of the gum, pain and Dentist Mónica Durán. ble approximately at six months of age; they itching may present and in some cases “It is advisable,” the specialist indicates, finish erupting at three years of age. Their even fever. “to practice good oral hygiene to prevent functions include helping the baby chew, talk this from happening as well as administe- and smile. They also safeguard the space in Apart from these discomforts the youn- ring of analgesics such as acetaminophen the jaw for the time when permanent teeth gest children present with difficulty in if the pain is too strong. It is also recom- growing underneath the gums appear. sleeping, a decrease in appetite and cons- mendable to offer the child soft cold tant irritation that manifests in stronger objects he can chew on for temporary “From the first month of pregnancy one and more intense crying than normal. can notice red color buds in both the upper and lower maxillary bones very close to the 28

( )WITH YOUR BODY GOOD HABITS FOR PHANTASY THE PARENTS PRIZE 1 Wash the child’s teeth three times daily As of his 5 years of age, the child and motivate him to do it on his own. begins loosing his first baby or milk teeth and the legend of 2 Avoid his sleeping with his bottle, as “Perez Mouse” appears. He is the this promotes the appearance of caries. protagonist of a French 18th cen- tury fairytale “The Good Mouse”. 3 Use dental cream This tradition is based on the without fluoride. belief that when the child looses its tooth, by placing it under his 4 Promote the use of dental floss at pillow and while he sleeps magic night before going to bed. characters such as elves, fairies or mice will exchange the tooth 5 Prevent the child from excessive for sweets, money or a gift. intake of sweets or sugar. 6 Invite him to include dairy products, fruit and vegetables in his diet. 7 Visit the dentist with the child at least once every year. gums with what appears to be inflamma- Manuel Cárdenas, “each child follows his fingers when they feel the teeth are loose, or tion, indicating the surging of the first 20 own rhythm of growth, in fact, there are while chewing foods, or from impacts or also teeth (eight incisors, four canine and eight children who initiate this process at 5 years because parents tug at them strongly after molars) and, further on, the birth of the last of age,” he states. having tied some string to the lower part of twelve completing the 32 that comprise the the crown of the tooth. Cárdenas warns that, dental process,” says Duran. EUnder normal conditions, this process “In this ancient practice there is risk that the lasts six years, suggesting that at 12 or 13 the minor swallow the tooth or of bronchoaspi- The first ones to fall out are the ones individual already has his complete set of per- ration. There is also danger of hurting the located on the lower part and then the cen- manent teeth. Nevertheless, Cárdenas indi- gums or affecting the roots in a permanent tral ones; later, the upper canines the fall cates that the definitive dental process is only way”. The most highly recommendable out, that is to say, the canines and molars. completed at 18, a phase when the molars thing is to consult with the specialist, who known as ‘wisdom teeth’ generally erupt. knows how to perform this procedure when This shedding starts between 5 and 7 years of age, and yet, for Pediatric Dentist On occasions, it is the children themsel- •it has not happened naturally and Professor at the CES University Juan ves who take out their teeth with their own 29

WITH YOUR BODY ( )sets 38 g An optimally functioning intestine FIBER AND 25 G IS THE INTAKE OF FIBER RECOMMEN- is the result of a balanced is found in fruit, vegetables, DED FOR MEN AND diet. This organ is important whole grain cereals, dried WOMEN UP TO 50 YEARS OLD CORRESPONDINGLY in the functioning of the fruit and legumes. In addition ACCORDING TO THE immune system and to preventing hemorrhoids, NATIONAL ACADEMY OF metabolism. constipation and helping MEDICINE [FORMERLY digestion, it is useful in INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE, PROBIOTICS reducing risk of heart disease, IIONM (TTN)]E. HSETAINLTAHL Are live organisms found in foods diabetes and some types of such as yogurt, raw cheese, olives, cancer. It also contributes to pickles and fermented cabbage. In keeping a healthy weight. general, they have strains of bacte- ria that integrate into the healthy A GOOD DIGESTION 1.000 microbial populations of the intesti- DIFFERENT TYPES ne, known as intestinal flora or microbiota, in charge of promoting Intestinal flora, also called microbiota, OF BACTERIA EXIST intestinal movement and synthesis of several different components. is composed of bacteria of the intes- IN THE INTESTINE, tinal tract that facilitate the digestive AS INDICATED BY process through chemical decompo- THE MAYO CLINIC. sition of leftover nutrients and gene- ration of residues in the body (feces). These bacteria are also primordial for the protection of our organism in the face of infections and also for the production of vitamin K, important in blood coagulation and maintenance SOURCES MAYO CLINIC, of the skeletal system. NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES, NIDDK. 30

)WITH YOUR MIND 85 % OF PSYCHOSOMATIC DISEASES ORIGINA- TE IN THE MIND, ACCORDING TO THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION, WHO EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE MUST BE STRENGTHENED TO FACE EACH DIFFICULTY AS AN OPPORTUNITY FOR CHANGE. MENTAL PROCESS THE ROUTE tions. Disciplining the mind implies observa- Involves creating one’s own motivation, TALENT tion of our thoughts to discard those discovering one’s emotions and adequa- Self-discipline, compassion or altruism, having no value or negative ones. This te sentiments, recognizing and adminis- are some features that characterize effort helps us be fully attentive. tering them to facilitate personal rela- people who have developed this skill.

( )WITH YOUR MIND EL JUEGO DE APRENDER Los padres se enfrentan al dilema de enseñar de la forma tradicional para evitar que los pequeños caigan en las trampas de la tecnología. ASESORA ADRIANA MARÍA ARANGO GÓEZ Bióloga genetista, especialista en Educación Ambiental Seguro que la inspiración para quienes quieren conser- var su niño interior proviene de la gran capacidad que despliegan los más chicos cuando se atreven a imagi- nar; de su facilidad natural de aprender de manera genuina al ceder espacio a nuevas experiencias. Esto sucede porque cada pequeño sabe soñarse, crearse, inventarse y reinventar- se a medida que va descubriendo el mundo que habita. Es por lo mismo que la bióloga genetista y educadora Adriana María Arango Góez dice que, durante todos los ciclos de la vida, el ser humano aprende cosas nuevas. La diferencia está en que los niños tienen su mente abierta y permeable al aprendizaje sin miedo a equivocarse. Mientras que los jóvenes y los adultos, por la misma experiencia, crean barreras y prevenciones que limitan su curiosidad. “Neurológicamente no hay diferencias en el proceso de aprendizaje desde el punto de vista de la flexibilidad cogni- tiva, pero posiblemente sí las hay en la forma en cómo un niño o un adulto categoriza. Un pequeño aprende desde la imaginación y la creatividad. En la infancia no hay temor a imaginar, a proponer, a plantear hipótesis, a soñar y así es como aprende”, explica la profesional. Y si hay algo que invite a los pequeños a imaginar es la lúdi- ca. O ¿quién no recuerda los sueños edificados durante las lar- gas horas de juego de la infancia? El juego es tan importante para su desarrollo que la ONU reconoció la recreación y el esparcimiento como un derecho fundamental desde 1959. 32

( )WITH YOUR MIND little giants THE GAME OF LEARNING The parents confront the dilemma of teaching in the traditional way in order to avoid the little ones to fall into the technology traps. (No se trata de pelear ADVISOR ADRIANA MARÍA ARANGO GÓEZ con los dispositivos, la idea es Geneticist Biologist specialized incentivar la risa y el juego on Environmental Education como estrategias. It is true that the inspiration for those who want to main- (More than fighting tain their interior child comes from the great capacity the devices, the idea is to deployed by the little ones when they venture to imagine; incentive laughing and playing from their natural facility to learning in a genuine manner, as strategies. giving space to new experiences. This happens because each child knows how to dream, create, invent and reinvent himself/herself as they discover the world where they live. This is the same reason why the Geneticist Biologist and Educator Adriana Maria Arango Góez says that during all the life cycles, the human being is capable of learning new things. The different resides in the fact that children have their minds open and permeable to learning, without fear to make mistakes. While the young and adult individuals, regarding the same experience, create barriers and preven- tions that limit their curiosity. “From a neurological point of view there are no differences in the learning process as for cognitive flexibility, but possibly it indeed exists in the way how a child or an adult categorizes. A little one learns from imagination and creativity. In childhood, there is no fear to imagine, propose, make hypothesis, dream and this is how he/she learns”, explains this professional. And if there is something that invites the little ones to imagi- ne is playing. Or, who doesn’t remember his/her dreams built during the long hours of infant playing? Playing is so important for their development that, since 1959, the UN acknowledged recreation and relaxation as a fundamental right. 33

WITH YOUR MIND ( )little giants En el más reciente estudio Aprendizaje, recreación y juego, de Unicef, se especifica que jugar es un asunto muy serio en todas las etapas de la niñez, sobre todo, en los primeros años de vida. Acerca de la primera infancia, el documento detalla que la lúdica proporciona la estimulación necesaria para que, desde bebés, los seres humanos aprendan para el futuro. “A través del juego, el infante explora, inventa, crea, desarrolla habilidades sociales y formas de pensar; aprende a confron- tar sus emociones, mejora sus aptitudes físicas y se descubre a sí mismo y a sus propias capacidades. En la infancia, el juego constituye una sólida base para toda una vida de apren- dizaje”, se indica en el documento. Lo anterior refuerza una idea que Arango Góez ha logrado establecer durante más de 30 años de experiencia como edu- cadora: “Solo aprendemos si estamos motivados. La motiva- ción es la gasolina del aprendizaje”. Motivar implica acompa- ñar en ese descubrimiento paulatino que cada chico hace del mundo que le rodea. Y en ello los padres son fundamentales porque guían, dan ejemplo, aconsejan, ponen reglas, normas y dialogan sobre las cuestiones que surgen. Así se aprende. NUEVAS FORMAS DE JUGAR Es necesario, además, entender las nuevas formas del juego. El auge de las tecnologías de la información y la comunica- ción confunde a los padres acerca de cuáles deben ser los espacios para la recreación de los hijos. En especial, cuan- do el uso del tiempo libre se utiliza para permanecer horas frente al computador y los aparatos electrónicos. La educadora señala que es cierto que los juegos tradi- cionales son importantes para el desarrollo físico y men- tal de los niños, pero asegura que es inútil pelear con la ESTILOS DE APRENDIZAJE Para ayudar a los niños a aprender mejor, la educadora Arango JUEGOS RECOMENDADOS Góez recomienda que los padres se conviertan en observadores natos del comportamiento de sus hijos, debido a que existen Estos son algunos de los juegos tradicionales y digitales diversos estilos de aprendizaje, como: que pueden estimular el aprendizaje: ► Visual: se aprende desde la observación. Los videos funcionan ► Tradicionales: ajedrez, rompecabezas, tangram y juegos de mesa, muy bien para estos pequeños. en los que se socialice como Scrabble, Rumicú, dominó y parqués. ► Auditivo: hay personas que son más sensibles a los estímulos ► Digitales: videos, plataformas para aprender idiomas, juegos auditivos, como la música y las palabras. de estrategia y actividades de memoria. ► Kinestésico: la información se procesa con los movimientos y el juego. ► Reflexivo: el proceso de aprendizaje pasa por el pensamiento y se usa la indagación. ► Emotivo: consiste en hacer pasar la experiencia por los senti- dos. Se relaciona el aprender con el sentir. 34

( )WITH YOUR MIND A very recent study by the UNICEF, Learning, recreation and playing, specifies that playing is a very serious matter in all childhood stages, especially, during the first years of life. Regarding the first childhood, this document details that ludic activities provide the necessary stimulation for since being babies, the human beings learn for the future. “Through pla- ying, an infant explores, invents, creates, develops social skills and ways to think; learns to confront his own emotions, improves his physical aptitudes and discovers himself and his own capacities. During childhood playing constitutes a solid base for a whole life of learning”, this document states. The above reinforces the idea that Arango Góez has been able to establish during more than 30 years of experience as an educator: “We only learn if we are motivated. Motivation is the fuel of learning”. Motivating implies accompanying that gra- dual discovery that each child makes of the world around him. And in such a process, the parents are fundamental because they guide, give example, advice, establish rules, regulations and dialogue about the arising questions. This is how one learns. NEW WAYS TO PLAY In addition, it is also necessary to understand the new ways to play. The apogee of the information and communication technologies confuse the parents about what should be the spaces for their children recreation, especially when free time is used for remaining during hours in front of a computer and electronic devices. The educator we have mentioned herein, indicates that it is true that traditional games are important for the physical and mental development of children, but she also assures that it is useless to fight against technology because this kind of devices LEARNING STYLES RECOMMENDED GAMES In order to help the children to better learn, the Educator Arango Góez recommends the parents to become into born These are some of the traditional and digital games that observers of their children behavior, because different lear- can stimulate learning in children: ning styles exist; such as the following: ► Tradicional: Chess, puzzles, tangram and table games, in which you ► Visual: learning from observing. The videos function very have to socialize such as Scramble, Rumi cu, dominoes, and others. well for these children. ► Digital: Videos, platforms for learning languages, strategy ► Auditive: some people are more sensitive to auditive games and memory games. stimulus, such as music and words. ► Kinesthetic: the information is processed through movements and playing. ► Reflexive: the learning process passes through thought and inquiring is used. ► Emotive: it consists in making the experience to pass through the senses. It is related to learning through feeling. 35

( )CON TU MENTE (La clave está en (The key is finding encontrar la forma como the way in which the mejor aprenden los niños y así children learn better, and utilizar las estrategias adecuadas. therefore use suitable strategies. tecnología debido a que los dispositivos y programas hacen and programs are part of child surrounding. In addition, many of parte de su entorno. Además, muchos de los aparatos con the apparatuses with which the little ones play nowadays offer los que juegan los pequeños hoy ofrecen posibilidades de important learning possibilities that should be correctly channeled. aprendizaje importantes que deben ser bien canalizadas. “The deal is to take advantage of the technology and use “Se trata de sacarle provecho a la tecnología y hacer uso de it in a limited way. A child should not have total freedom to ella de una manera limitada. Un niño no debe tener libertad access the technology, but it is not advisable either to con- total de acceso a ella, pero tampoco conviene convertir estas vert the new ways of playing into monsters. The better thing formas de juego en monstruos. Es mejor que sean aliados para is making them allies for supporting the learning processes”, apoyar los procesos de aprendizaje”, asegura. assures the specialist. Al momento de elegir una aplicación para dejarles a los At the time of selecting an application for the children to use, niños, es usual pensar que, mientras más seria y formal sea, it is commonly thought that as more serious and formal it is, a mejor carácter educativo tiene. No obstante, la psicóloga better educational character has. However, the Psychologist Susan Weinschenk explica en su blog que una app que pro- Susan Weinschenk explains in her blog that an app that produ- duzca risa genera un mejor resultado. Para respaldar la rela- ces laugh generates a better result. For the purpose of supporting ción del aprendizaje y la risa, la científica del comportamien- the relation between learning and laughing, this behavior scien- to cita un estudio publicado en la revista Cognition and tist mentions a recent study published on the Cognition and Emotion, que se realizó con pequeños de 18 meses, y determi- Emotion Magazine, which was made with 18 months old chil- nó que la interacción, como un asunto divertido, realza la dren, and determined that any interaction with an amusing sub- atención, la motivación, la percepción y la memoria y, por ject highlights the attention, motivation, perception, memory supuesto, la capacidad de asimilar conocimiento. and, of course, the capacity to assimilate knowledge. Los padres, como tutores, pueden ayudar a que los niños eli- The parents, as tutors, can help their children to select well the jan bien la manera en que aprenden jugando, si están atentos a way in which they learn through playing, if they are aware of what cuáles son las estrategias que les gustan, los motivan y les ense- are the strategies their children like, motivate and teach. The ques- •ñan. Se trata de permitirles ser para incentivar sus talentos •tion is to allow them to be in order to incentive their talents 36

( )CON TU MENTE 37

( )WITH YOUR MIND LIFE DOES NOT WITHER AWAY 38 WHEN OUR MOBILITY IS REDUCED Several different strategies can help keep the body active, even though the ageing process brings about limitations to your movement. ADVISORS MARÍA FRANCISCA ECHEVERRI HARRY MD, Geriatrician, Internal Medicine NATALIA VELÁSQUEZ - Nurse Movement is related to vitality and that is why it is essential that no human being loose the desire to remain active, not even when the passage of time, for any given circumstances, leads to a reduced mobility. When this happens, it is key to seek support from professionals and the family, also keeping in mind that stillness is not a friend to health. “It is important to make clear that mobility is reduced but not finished. The difference lies in those parts of the body that can move actively. If my capacity to move from one place to another has been affected, I must exercise the trunk of my body, the arms or the neck,” as Geriatrician and Internal Medicine Doctor María Francisca Echeverri indicates precisely.

When there is absolute stillness other difficulties ( )WITH YOUR MIND that affect our mental and physical health may arise. abuelos Practicing some physical activity and exercising pre- 39 vents the muscles of the body from atrophy, avoids pain, hinders weight gain or going into depression. “Controlling all of this is basic for our daily activities and contributes to our feeling independent,” explains our Medical Geriatrician. To orient the body toward maintaining the desi- re to move, there are physical supports worthy of trying out and getting to know, with the guidance of health professionals that recommend them. “I must look for the means to be able to move, whether with a walker, a walking stick or other external supports trying to avoid as long as possi- ble the use of a wheel chair. Use of the same should be only at the behest of a doctor after a sur- gery,” suggests Doctor Echeverri Harry. WORK ON YOUR SELF-ESTEEM Another way of being active, even if mobility is reduced, is working our self-esteem and accepting the coming on of our elderly life as part of the human condition. “I always stimulate people to look at themselves in the mirror when they are alone, in their underwear and to evaluate each part of their body, admiring it and being grateful for having it before saying “at this age, I cannot do it.” After that I encourage them to wear comforta- ble clothes, also in front of the mirror, move to the rhythm of some song feeling that their body is alive and, what’s even better, that it feels and obeys,” she explains. Our expert adds that when this recognition occurs one can also identify the part of the body that is weak or slow in order to begin taking precautions. “One can change shoes, remove rugs, improve the lighting in the house, adapt the bathroom to our capa- cities, use eyeglasses or hearing aids if we need them in order to be able to move better in the different envi- ronments where life elapses,” she reassures us. Likewise, it is important to go out on the street and engage in activities where one can socialize

WITH YOUR MIND ( )grandparents and enjoy such as dancing, because carry out their movements in an autono- rhythm can be followed with any part of mous way. Among others there are special the body. One can also choose other thera bands for the arms and for giving grea- more unconventional activities such as ter mobility to the abdominal muscles as equine assisted therapy that works our well as practicing respiratory exercises to equilibrium. Also handcrafts and exerci- amplify lung capacity. Also, there are exerci- ses in physiotherapy that help tone the ses for the neck and for flexibility according muscles that can still move. to the person’s capacity as well as perfor- ming assisted exercises for the legs. The World Health Organization pro- motes physical activity at all stages of “The most recommended activities are life. For people over 65 years of age those one is capable of carrying out. recommended are 150 minutes a week Despite the difficulty at hand, one can get of moderate aerobic physical activities into a pool, go walking on different path- as these help reduce the risk of non- ways; this is motivating for our state of transmissible chronic illnesses, depres- mind,” our specialist points out. In any sion and cognitive deterioration. case, it is about keeping the desire to move alive and be active in order to There are also passive and assisted exerci- ses for those who present with difficulty to •remain vital 40

SPECIAL ( )WITH YOUR MIND CARE Oftalmopediatría y estrabismo When patients require support because their Cirugía plástica ocular y facial mobility is at a minimum, it is worthwhile to Retina follow Nurse Natalia Velasquez’s advice for Córnea, segmento anterior y trasplante de córnea caretakers and relatives of these elderly Glaucoma adults in that situation: Neuroftalmología ► Play some music and talk to them so that Uveítis Oftalmología general they feel they are still very important for Unidad especializada en ayudas diagnósticas y láser their families and thus avoid a decline in terapéutico their mindset. Unidad de cirugía oftalmológica y cirugía láser ► Learn techniques to move them so their refractiva mobility does not depend only on the nur- Servicio farmacéutico especializado ses. ► Touch their skin in order to promote circula- Optometría avanzada tion and stimulate them with affection. Lentes de contacto para córnea irregular y control de ► Accompany them in the process of personal miopía cleaning. Baja visión y rehabilitación visual ► Hydrate the skin constantly to avoid bedsores Ortoqueratología (corrección nocturna de la miopía) or dryness. Terapia visual y deportiva ► Put bars or non-skid rugs in the bathrooms. Prótesis ocular ► Respect their intimacy. Treat them with Visión cromática, sensibilidad al contraste, deslumbra- affection and care. miento y estereopsis Adaptación de lentes oftálmicos, filtros y ayudas ópticas Monturas oftálmicas, de sol (formuladas) y deportivas 41

( )WITH YOUR MIND SPECIAL CARE When patients require support because their mobility is at a minimum, it is worthwhile to follow Nurse Natalia Velasquez’s advice for caretakers and relatives of these elderly adults in that situation: ► Play some music and talk to them so that they feel they are still very important for their families and thus avoid a decline in their mindset. ► Learn techniques to move them so their mobility does not depend only on the nur- ses. ► Touch their skin in order to promote circula- tion and stimulate them with affection. ► Accompany them in the process of personal cleaning. ► Hydrate the skin constantly to avoid bedsores or dryness. ► Put bars or non-skid rugs in the bathrooms. ► Respect their intimacy. Treat them with affection and care. 41





WITH YOUR MIND ( )keep in mind TALKING, INSPIRING AND TRANSFORMING When both of you are in the position of the transmitter and the recipient of a message, it is necessary to connect with your own emotions as well as those of the other person. That is the responsibility of words. ADVISOR Repairing, restoring, comforting, reviving does not leave the other person without the pos- ADRIANA MORA families, friendships, teams and even com- sibility of expressing his opinion. Inspiring con- panies is achievable through an inspiring versations are always fruitful, sometimes immedia- Psychologist conversation, that is empathic, with good argumen- tely, other times it may take weeks, months or tative qualities, a clear well-structured message, that even years. It is enough to be humble and coura- connects with the state of mind of those participa- geous just to dare to have a face-to-face conversa- ting in it. Just as one designs the disposition of tion and not from afar,” says writer and lecturer objects in the home, in our room or at the office to Alvaro Gonzales-Alorda. promote a good ambiance, it is necessary to design conversations we hold because through them we A REFLECTION OF WHAT WE ARE can change the course of many situations in life. A conversation reflects what we are like a mirror. Conversations with others reflect our internal “Each problem one is due to solve is always communication with each human being in the way lacking a conversation. One that is not based on one takes on, elaborates and heals or doesn’t heal suppositions, does not put people in a box, and 44

( )WITH YOUR MIND one’s emotions. “A disciple asks his master: ¿how AWARENESS WHEN SPEAKING should we treat others? To which the master ans- wers: ‘There are no others ’. This message is an invi- A conversation ceases to be inspiring when tation to profound reflection concerning the great one takes on one of the following stances: responsibility that each one of us has to allow insight into ourselves in the interaction with Victim: this counters the responsibility each per- others,” Adriana Mora points out. It is clear that the power words have can separate 1 son has as a creator and co-creator of each one of or unify, construct or destroy and that is why Dr. Mora suggests: where there are conversations that his experiences. offend or hurt people one must ask oneself ¿what Victimizer: in this stance we take on the role of a is it that I must learn or repair with the other per- son or with myself that elicits this sentiment? 2 severe judge, as it is easier to project on others “These situations are simply showing that there is still something to be healed,” she adds. somber aspects that have not been taken on in a responsible way. BRIDGES FOR COMMUNICATION Therefore, a conversation, if one understands it 3 Culpable: refers to the person that burdens as the creative capacity in every human being, is himself with loads that do not correspond to him. known as CREA because it is inspiring and mediated by Confidence, Respect, Experience 4 Savior: here the person feels falsely empowered, and Admiration. It is something like believing as he believes himself superior to safeguard many firmly in both the person issuing the message and situations that have to do with himself or with the the one who is listening, because the former deli- other person. vers it as a testimony and the latter assumes it as an example for life. (In conversations that are inspiring, words not lin- “In inspiring conversations words are a way of ked to experience have little to expressing wisdom, that means calling things by offer. The right to speak is won their name, which in turn is based on experience through action. in unison with knowledge. It’s about a place where there has been a previous process of inter- nal clarity, of the way of delivering the message, and of emotional control. This does not mean that we swallow our emotions, but that we must take a stance in the face of our emotions in order to listen to them, feel them, live them and heal them. In as much as our emotional world is clea- rer, that which we express will be healthier and will allow for closeness between beings,” emphasi- zes the Psychologist. Following is an open invitation that Spanish lecturer González-Alorda extends to us: choose one of your pending conversations and transform it into an inspiring conversation. “The world would be different if each one tackles ones pen- ding conversations; doing as much means more a summation of the ‘we’ than of the “I”. We litera- lly put our lives at stake both in the conversations •we hold and the ones we do not hold.” 45

( )WITH YOUR MIND CHANGES THAT COME WITH ADOLESCENCE Physical and behavioral transformations are inherent to this stage, a phase in which youngsters face a world to explore ADVISORS CLAUDIA MARÍA MORENO GÓMEZ Clinical and Family Psychologist 46

( )WITH YOUR MIND your generation He is the shortest of the class, the shortest of the class but also the most lika- highest, why does he dress that ble and nice,” says the psychologist. way, he expresses himself badly… comments of this type are frequent during Por eso, añade la especialista, es que adolescence, a stage marked by physical “That is why,” adds the specialist, “parents and behavioral changes bringing with it should never allow the communication frequent criticism among peers. For many channels with their children to break down. youngsters this can become a torment or It often happens that youngsters decide to maybe an opportunity to strengthen his remain silent and not comment something trust and self-esteem. One must profit that is uncomfortable for them because from the latter. they are afraid of being scolded or critici- zed. So in that sense they must be granted “A key to confront this phase arises out the freedom to express what they feel. of the family nucleus that has been esta- blished long before puberty appears,” You must avoid using expressions when points out Clinical and Family Psychologist talking to them such as, “Don’t be a fool. Claudia María Moreno Gómez. Be a tough guy. Don’t let them take advan- tage. How ugly you are combing your hair.” “The only way for a person to endure Such comments may seem silly and may this criticism from others is that parents even be said innocently but they have great throughout the upbringing guarantee that significance for them,” explains Moreno self-esteem or the concept of oneself remain Gomez. In this case it is fundamental to stable, enough so that the person can trust measure the consequences of everything himself inspite of what others may say,” one says, does and teaches at home. The suggests Moreno Gómez. key is to give these youngsters tools to live and allow them to relate in a healthy The specialist considers that another manner to the world around them. issue to understand in this stage is that it is normal that comments with respect to the physical and behavioral changes take place. “There are some changes that are evident, there are boys whose skin damages, who gain weight easily and that are shorter that others and this may affect them.” FACING THE COMMENTS 10 A point of departure lies in family conver- sations, in which youngsters have the right AT 14 YEARS OF AGE FOR to say when something displeases them and have their decision respected. This stimula- GIRLS, AND FROM 12 TO 16 FOR tes them and gives them courage to con- BOYS, PHYSICAL AND COGNITI- front other people that they will meet in time and to whom they may express when VE CHANGES OCCUR THAT they do not like the situation. COME WITH ADOLESCENCE Another way of enhancing self-esteem is highlighting the attributes they have to counter their ‘defects’. “He might be the 47

WITH YOUR MIND ( )your generation ¿ARE THEY AFFEC- WHAT THE TED BY MOCKERY? BODY SAYS Psychologist Claudia María Moreno The physical transformation can begin at an Gómez give parents guidelines to early age, as of 8 years of age but they become identify when their children or relatives more evident between 12 and 18 years. The may be suffering with the comments United States National Library of Medicine others make of them. describes the main physical changes in the following way: ► They have a tendency to become isolated. “It is not insignificant that ► Breasts begin to bulge in girls, hair grows in the youngster lock himself up in his the pubic area, the armpits, the legs and the room frequently, that he not want to menstrual cycle begins. participate in social activities. Maybe some friends made him feel ridiculous ► In boys the scrotum and testicles grow, hair but he does not comment the appears in the pubic areas, the legs, the situation with others,” she says. armpits, the chest and the face. Their voice changes. ► They are people suffering from sudden changes in their attitudes. In the psychological aspect, all kinds of transformations happen that lead them to want ► Youngsters suddenly modify their greater independence and that is why they vocabulary and way of dressing. usually separate more from their parents or elders. They feel attracted to other people of ► They take certain types of drugs. their same age and begin experiencing sexual sensations. It is normal that while they gain in security and confidence in their bodies they feel •afraid but avoid expressing that to an adult otherwise sharing this with their closest friends 48

( )WITH YOUR MIND 49