20190714-Introduction To Management-Eng.Ayman AbuSalem

Introduction To Management

Management Key Concepts  Organizations: People Working together and coordinating their actions to achieve specific goals.  Goal: A desired future condition that the organization seeks to achieve.  Management:The process of using organizational resources to achieve the organization’s goal by… Planning, Organizing, Leading and Controlling

Additional Key Concepts  Resources are organizational Assets: • People • Machinery • Raw materials • Information, skills • Financial Capital Managers are the people responsible for supervising the use of an organization's resources to meet its goals.

Three Levels of Management Top Mangers Middle & First Line Managers Non- Management

Managerial Skills  Three Skills sets that manager needs to perform effectively. 1. Conceptual Skills: the ability to analyze and diagnose situation and find the cause and effect 2. Human Skills: the ability to understand, change, lead and control people’s behavior. 3. Technical Skills: the job specific knowledge required to perform a task All three skills are enhanced through formal training, and practice

Four Functions of Managements Controlling Planning Organizing Choose Goals Working together Monitors & Measure Leading Coordinate

Stages Of the Planning Process Define the Businesses Define the mission Analyze current situation Develop the strategy to achieve the mission Allocate resources between groups Allocate Responsibilities to achieve the strategies

Organizing  Organizing: the by which Managers establish working relationships among team members to achieve goals.  Organizational Structure: Formal System of task & reporting relationships showing how team members use resources.  Right Person at Right Place

Leadership  It is the process where a person exerts influence over others and inspires motivates and directs their activities to achieve goals.  Effective leader increases the firms ability to meet new challenges  The ability to get things done through people.

Leading Vs Managing Managers Leaders Administer Maintain Innovate Control Develop Short term View Inspire Ask how & when Long term View Initiate Ask What & Why Do things right Create Do the right things



7 Characteristics That Separate A Boss From A Leader  Leaders lead rather than rule.  Leaders listen and speak rather than command.  Leaders motivate rather than terrify.  Leaders teach and learn rather than expect and ignore.  Leaders take part rather than stay aside.  Leaders warning rather than scold or shout.  Leaders establish equal relationships.

Controlling  Organizational Control  Managers must monitor & evaluate: ▪ Are we efficiently converting inputs into outputs? Must accurately measure units of inputs and outputs. ▪ Is product quality improving? Are we competitive with other firms ▪ Is Customer Satisfaction increasing

Strategic Management  Strategy is plan designed to achieve a long term goals Strategy Types: 1. Corporate Strategy 2. Business Strategy 3. Functional Strategies 4. Operating Strategy

Strategic Management Process Three Stages Strategy Formulation Strategy Implementation Strategy Evaluation

Strategy Formulation Vision & Opportunities Long Terms Alternative Mission Objectives Strategies & Threads & Strategy Strength & Selection Weaknesses

Vision  Futuristic Desired Position of an organization  Should be technology, product, service customer focused  WHERE IS THE ORGANIZATION GOING

Examples of Vision Statement  Our vision is getting to a billion connected computers worldwide, millions of servers and trillions of dollars of e- commerce ( INTELL)  To be the worlds best quick service restaurant chains by providing each guest great tasting, healthy reasonably priced food in a fast friendly manner on every visit (SUBWAY)

Mission  Converting the vision into specific performance outcomes for the company to achieve  It can also be short term vision or broken down vision.  WHO WE ARE AND WHAT WE DO?

Example of Mission Statement  Our business is renting cars, our mission is total customer satisfaction ( AVIS)  Our mission is to provide any customer a means of movement up, down sideways over short distances with higher reliability than any other similar enterprise in the world ( OTIS Elevators)

Strategic Management Process Three Stages Strategy Formulation Strategy Implementation Strategy Evaluation

Strategic Management Process Three Stages Strategy Formulation Strategy Implementation Strategy Evaluation

Strategy Implementation Annual Objectives Policies Resource Allocation Motivate Employee

Strategy Evaluation • Review External • Measure • Corrective & Internal Performance Action

Gap Analysis  Why do a gap analysis ▪ In order for organization to do their jobs better ▪ In order for organization to increase operational effectiveness and efficiency ▪ In order for organization to carry outs its plan and achieve its performance goals

SWOT

Three Approaches to Getting Employee To Change their Behavior  Forced Make use threats by more powerful employees  Communicate Makes use of sales tactic to convince people to change  Re- Educate Encourage and help individuals make informed decisions to change their behaviors

 What is …… 6 Sigma= 3.45 Defects per Million

Sigma DPM Percent Yield Level 691,461 31 % 1 308,538 69% 2 66,807 93.3% 3 99.38 % 4 6,210 99.978% 5 233 99.9997% 6 3.45 99.99999% 7 0.019

Six Sigma-- Practical Meaning 99 % Good 99.99966 % Good ( 4 Sigma) ( 6 Sigma) • 20,000 lost articles/ hour • Seven lost articles/ hour •Unsafe drinking water for • One Minutes Unsafe drinking almost 15 minutes each day water every 7 months •5,000 incorrect surgical •1.7 incorrect operations per operations per week week •Two short or long landings •One short or long landings at most major airports each every five years day •No electricity for almost •No electricity for almost seven hours each month seven hours each week

Six Sigma Tool Define Measure Analyze Improve Control





5S  The term 5S Methodology refers to a Japanese system for achieving and maintaining order and organization, particularly in the workplace.  The idea behind the methodology is that there are: Standard processes and standard measures of organization that can help workers develop a workplace of order and efficiency.

5S

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