Body Systems Research

Body Systems Research By Prakruthi Dwarakanath

What are we going over?? In this flipbook you will learn through a brief slide, how our body help us survive day after day through these systems: 1. Integumentary 2. Musculoskeletal 3. Nervous 4. Special Senses 5. Cardiovascular 6. Respiratory 7. Digestive 8. Urinary 9. Reproductive

Function: Act as a barrier to protect body Integumentary System Research Vocabulary Papule-Solid skin elevation with distinct from the pathogens and bacteria in the air boredersand a diameter of less than 1 from getting into the bloodstream. cm, pimple Macule-Small,flat disclosed lesion on the Key Terms- skin, freckle derm/o, dermat/o- skin Tinea-Skin infection cause by a fungus kerat/o-hard, horn-shaped Pustule-A small infected skin elevation tissue that contains pus, abscess xer/o-dry Verruca-Wart; a local growth of the outer xanth/o-yellow layer of skin, caused by a virus. erythr/o-red Wheals- A smooth, slightly swollen area pedicu/o-fingernail or toenail that is redder or parel that the onych/o-nail surrounding skin; characteristic of hives. myc/o-fungus Cicatrix-A scar left by a healed wound pil/o-hair;hair follicle Fissure-A groove or crack; as in a sore. lip/o-fat Nevus- A highly pigmented lesion of the rhytid/o-wrinkle skin that is flat or raised; mole albin/o-white Vesicle-A small, raised skin lesion filled with clear fluid; blister Healthcare Careers: Diseases/Disorders- Malignant Melanoma-Cancerous growth composed of melanocytes; starts off as a Dermatologist-doctor who diagnose and treats irregularly shaped macule, then changes color and texture. diseases of the skin Basal Cell Sarcoma- Commonly slow-growing malignant tumor of the basal cell layer of the epidermis. Seldom metastasizes. Plastic Surgeon-a surgen who performs repairs Psoriasis-a chronic disease marked by itchy erythematous skin with silvery patches. on the body by transfer of tissue. Scabies- a contagious parasitic infection of the skin with intense pruritus.

Key Words- Musculoskeletal System Research Vocabulary- my/o-muscle Atrophy-Wasting away or shrinkage of muscle myel/o-spinal cord/bone marrow Hemiparesis-Weakness or slight paralysis on one side of the body oste/o-bone Hemiplegia-Total Paralysis on one side of the body. cost/o-ribs Hypotonia-Loss of muscle tone Myolosis-Degeneration or crani/o-cranium deterioration of muscle tissue. Chondromalacia-Softening of the -pexy:surgical fixation/suspension cartilage. Communited Fracture-A bone that has chondr/o-cartilage been splintered or crushed Lumbago-Pain in the lumbar region arthr/o-joint Herniated Disk-Intervertebral disk that has slipped or ruptured. -plegia:paralysis/stroke Myeloma-Cancer of the plasma cells that originate in the bone marrow. kinesi/o-movement Function- provides form, support, stability, and movement to the body Healthcare Careers- Physical Therapist-a therapist that helps regain strength in muscles for patients who went through surgery to mend a muscle or bone. Chiropractor-a doctor who treats misalignment of the joints

Function-receives Nervous System Research Vocabulary- information about Astrocytoma-tumor of the gilal tissue the environment Cerebral Contusion-Brusing in the cerebral tissue. around us and Hemiplegia-paralysis of one side of the body generates Paralysis-temporary or permanent loss of voluntary responses to that movement, information Poliomyelitis-Inflammation of the gray matter in the brain, caused by a highly contagious virus. Key Terms: Focal seizure-abnormal electical activity that occurs neur/o-nerve in one or more parts of one brain hemisphere. encephal/o-brain Syncope-temporary loss of consciousness due to myel/o-spinal cord inadequate blood flow to the brain; fainting. ambul/o-to walk Tremor-An involuntary, repetitive trembling of the -esthesia:sensation body or limbs. mening/o-meninges Phobia-Exaggerated fear of a specifc object or psych/o-mind situation that causes anxiety or panic. concuss/o-shaken together Craniotomy-Incision into the skull to gain acess to the brain. Healthcare Careers: Neurologist-doctor of the nervous system Psychiatrist- doctor who treats mental illnesses.

Key Terms- The Special Senses Vocabulary- irid/o-iris -cusis-hearing problem Function- detect environmental stimuli Diabetic Retinopathy-Complication of -opia-defects in vision and transduce their energy into electrical diabetes that can result in loss of vision ot/o-ear impulses. Chalazion-A small,hard cystic mass on tympan/o-tymphanic membrane the eyelid caused by a blocked oil gland. opthalm/o-eye Myopia-nearsightednes metry-measure Strabismus-Misalignment of the eyes caused by weakened eye muscles, Healthcare careers- crossed eyes Opthalomologist- A person who Astigmatism-Defective curvature of the specializes in eye and vision cornea that produces blurred vision. care. Presbyopia-farsightedness Audiologist-a person who Cholesteatoma-Cyst in the middle ear specializes in hearing and consisting of earwax and skin cells. balance care. Otitis Media-Inflammation of the middle ear. Otosclerosis-Hardening of the bony tissue of the middle ear Vertigo-Sensation of spinning caused by an inner ear disorder or condition.

Key Terms- The Cardiovascular System Vocabulary- cardi/o-heart Myocardial Infarction-medical term for heart attack angi/o-blood vessel Function-circulate oxygenated blood throughout the body, Aneurysm- Localized balloon-like swelling of an artery. hem/o-blood remove metabolic wastes from the body. Bradycardia-Slow heart rate Tachycardia- fast heart rate hemat/o-blood Arteriosclerosis-Condition of thickening,hardening and loss of brady-slow elasticity in the arterial walls. Atherosclerosis-condition of tachy-fast plaque buildup in the arterial walls. thromb/o-blood clot Cardiac Tamponade-excess fluid accumulation in the pericardium. emia-pertaining to blood Cingestive Heart Failure-Disease resulting from loss of blood flow to leuk/o-white the heart. Arrhythmia-Condition of an erythr/o-red irregular heartbeat. Endocarditis-Inflammation of the arteri/o-artery inner layer of the heart muscle. Healthcare Careers- Cardiac surgeon-performs surgery on the heart Cardiologist-A doctor who specializes in disorders and diseases related to the heart.

Function: Cleans waste gases, such as carbon Respiratory System Vocabulary- dioxide, from your blood, helps with breathing. Apnea-temporary interruption of breathing Hyperventilation- condition in which breathing is Key Terms: faster and deeper than normal. bronch/o- bronchi Rales-crackling sound heard in the lungs during cyan/o-blue auscultation, while the patient is inhaling. laryng/o-larynx Stridor-Harsh high pitched sound during respiration; -oxia:oxygen usually an airway obstruction. oxy-:oxygen Asthma-Sudden periodic attacks of dyspnea pleur/o-pleura accompanies by wheexing. pneum/o-lungs Bronchitis-inflammation of the mucous membranes pulmon/o-lungs of the bronchial tubes thorac/o-chest Bronchogenic Carcinoma-A malignant tumor that trache/o-trachea originates in the bronchi. Bronchospasm-sudden involuntary contraction in the Healthcare careers- bronchi. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease- Pulmonologist-Doctor for diseases characterized by reduced ability of the lungs to related to the lung perform function of ventilation. Respiratory therapist-doctor to help Croup- a childhood disease characterized by high with breathing issues pitch breathing, and a “barking” cough.

Function-digest food and break down into Digestive System Research Vocabulary- nutrients for cells. Anorexia Nervosa-Condition involving self-deprivation of food and pathological Key Terms- weight loss. chloecyst/o-gall bladder Bulimia Nervosa-Gorging with food and enter/o-intestine purging. col/o,colon/o-large intestine Cholecystitis-Inflammation of the gall hepat/o-liver bladder. gastr/o-stomach Cholelithiasis-condition of stones in the gall or/o-mouth bladder. -pepsia:digestion Chron’s Disease-Chronic disease that chol/e-bile;gall causes inflammation of the digestive tract. proct/o-rectum Enteritis-Inflammation of the intestines Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease- Healthcare Careers- Backward flow of stomach acids into the Gastroenterologist-doctor to esophagus diagnose and treat diseases related Hepatitis-Inflammation of the liver, caused to the stomach and intestines. by a virus. Intestinal Obstruction-partial or complete Heaptologist-doctor to diagnose stoppage of digested food in the intestinal and treat diseases related to the tract. liver. Pancreatitis-inflammation of the pancreas

Function- fliter blood and create urine as a waste Urinary System Vocabulary by-product. Hematuria- Blood in the urine Key Terms- Dysuria- Painful urination -cele: hernia Glycouria-Condition in which carbohydrates or -lysis: destruction (of cells) sugars are excreted in the urine. cyst/o- bladder Diabetes-Condition characterized by excessive nephr/o- kidney amounts of urine. ren/o- kidney Glomerulonephritis- Inflammation of the -uria:pertaining to the urine glomeruli in the kidney -pexy:surgical fixation Nephrosclerosis- Disease in which the arteriole -ectasis: dilation walls in the kidneys become narrowed and pyel/o- renal pelvis thickened. Phenylketonuria- Inherited disorder that causes Healthcare careers- increased levels of phenylaline. Urologic Oncologist- doctors for Polycystic Kidney Disease- Disease of Cysts in cancers of the urinary or genital the kidney, leading to an enlargement and system. impaired function of the kidney. Pyelonephritis- Inflammation of the lining of the Urologist- doctors who perfom surgey renal pelvis and the functional tissue of the on diseases related to the urinary kidney. system. Renal Cell Carcinoma- Cancerous tumor of the kidney that occurs during adulthood.

Function-to produce and transport the Reproductive System Research Vocabulary- Breast Cancer-malignant tumor of the egg and sperm cells, and nurture the mammary gland developing offspring. Cervical Dysplasia-consition of abnormal cell changes at the surface of the cervix Key terms- Infertility-the inabilityor diminished ability to cervic/o-cervix produce offspring. salping/o-fallopian or eustachian tubes Menometrorrhagia-Irregular or excessive ov/o-egg bleeding during menstruation, or between orchid/o-testicles menstrual periods. oophor/o-ovary Pelvic Inflammatory Disease-Inflammation men/o-menses;menstruation of the female reproductive organs resulting mamm/o-breast from infection gynec/o-woman Premenstrual System-A group of colp/o-vagina symptoms that occur several days prior to prostat/o-prostrate the onset of menstruation Pyosalpinx-Condition in which the fallopian Healthcare Careers- tubes are filled with pus. Vaginitis-Inflammation of the vagina Gynecologist-doctor for the female Candidiasis-Inflammation of the skin or reproductive system mucous membrane caused by a species yeast. Andrologist-doctor for the male Cystocele-Hernia of the bladder that reproductive system. protudes through the vaginal wall.