body systems flipbook

Body Systems Flipbook By: sarah connolly HS 2A

Musculoskeletal System ~key terms joint:​ point in which 2 or more bones meet cartilage:​ soft connective tissue between joints ligaments​: connective tissue that attaches bone to bone at a joint tendons​: connective tissue that connects muscle to bone voluntary muscle:​ muscle that can be consciously controlled involuntary muscle:​ muscle that is unconsciously controlled striated muscle​: striped appearance due to its fiber composition functions: protects internal organs, supports and gives body shape, allows for movement, blood cell production 10 vocab words: skull​: protects brain and supports facial structure spine​: protects spinal cord and supports head rib cage​: protects the organs within the chest smooth muscle:​ involuntary and non-striated, found in stomach, intestines, and around blood vessels cardiac muscle​: involuntary and striated, found in heart to pump blood clavicle:​ also known as the collarbone, located in shoulder calcium:​ mineral found in bones fossa​: shallow cavity in bone osseous tissue​: bone tissue epiphysis​: each end of a long bone

4 diseases/abnormal conditions: tendonitis​: inflammation of the tendon, caused by overuse, can be chronic carpal tunnel:​ numbness, tingling, weakness in hand due to pressure on the nerves osteoarthritis​: d​ egeneration of joint cartilage and the underlying bone fibromyalgia​: ​a chronic disorder characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, and tenderness in localized areas 2 health care careers: physical therapist​: Physical therapists are movement experts who improve quality of life through prescribed exercise, hands-on care, and patient education orthopaedic surgeon​: devoted to the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of disorders of the bones, joints, ligaments, tendons and muscles

Integumentary System ~key terms epidermis​: outermost layer of skin and functions to protect dermis​: lies directly under the epidermis and contains blood vessels, nerve fibers, hair follicles, all glands, and sweat glands subcutaneous layer​: deepest layer of skin and stores fat, heat insulation, protection, also known as “hypodermis” sebaceous gland:​ (oil) are all over the body except palms and soles sudoriferous gland​: (sweat) tiny glands that release perspiration to decrease body heat nails​: distal and dorsal side of fingers, superior and distal side of toes, protects the tips of fingers functions: protection, body temperature regulation, excretion (perspiration- sweating), perception of stimuli 10 vocab words: keratinization:​ the process of keratin accumulating within keratinocytes cutaneous sensation:​ allows body to sense external environment excretion​: other than sweat, the sudoriferous glands secrete waste products out of the body anagen:​ active phase of hair growth cycle cuticle:​ outermost layer of keratinocytes originating from the hair matrix desmosome:​ structure that forms an impermeable junction between cells lunula​: basal part of the nail body that consists of thick epithelium melanin:​ pigment that determines the color of the hair and skin sebum:​ oily substance that lubricates the hair and skin telogen​: resting phase of hair cycle

4 diseases/abnormal conditions: eczema​: allergic reaction shown as dry, itchy, and red patches that resemble a rash. managed by moisturizer scars and keloids:​ collagen rich skin formed after a healing wound. a keloid is classified as a raised scar. acne:​ skin disturbance occurring in areas of rich sebaceous glands, such as face and back. common to come with puberty stretch marks:​ results in when the dermis is overstretched, typically as a result of excessive weight gain 2 health care careers: dermatologist:​ diagnoses and treats skin conditions of hair, skin, and nails. some specialize in burn treatment. In individual and group practice dermatology nurse practitioner:​ prescribe medication, lab work, suturing wounds, and assists the doctor