Unarmed Security Guard

Fire Prone UnitsFollowing are the Fire Prone Units listed in order of risk, wherein you could be deployed atany of these units of the government/ private. Hence, it is important for a guard to learn andbe ready as a ‘First Fire-fighter’ to fight the fire first. Petrochemical Installations Engineering Industry Textile Mills Plastics Industry Warehouse/ go downs Chemical Manufactures Hotels / Hospitals/ Shops Paper/ Timber/ Furniture Manufacturers. .Offices using electric Gadgets/ IT hardware FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENT INSTALLED CENTRALLY IN A BUILDINGEvery corporate building, Cooperative Housing Society/ flat or any other multi-storey private/government building has a well-designed fire fighting system comprising of various equip-ment/ components installed at the time of construction agency, tested, inspected and certi-fied by the competent local authority.The maintenance & serviceability of such equipment/ components is the responsibility of therespective management of the building/ society.Most cities/ towns serviced by municipality corporations also have adequate numbers of ‘FireHydrants connected to water supply lines exclusively laid for fire fighting purposes, which arevery prominently located and installed.A security guard should be aware of these equipment components as shown below and gainadequate knowledge so as to assist the management by taking care of all these essential.parts of the fire fighting system for their efficient functioning & usage when required 97

Fire hydrant jet nozzles: Fire Hoses:Fire hose reel drum: Angle hose valve:Angle hose valve Landing:Fire SprinklerA sprinkler system mounted in the ceiling or wall helpskeep a fire contained to one area, allowing the safe evac-uation of workers, staff or students, etc. 98

Smoke DetectorsA smoke alarm or detection system may consist of 1 ormore units mounted on the ceiling. Units are triggeredwhen smoke and heat are present in proximity to thedevice.FIRE ALARM SYSTEMA fire alarm system installed in a building consists of the following:-a) Detection devices; these are heat sensors, photoelectric sensors for smoke and ioniza-tion sensors for chemical reaction for detection of ignition of fire.b) Alarms; they include audio and visual features like a fire alarm bell, buzzers.c) A fire alarm control panel: is a system connected to a central monitoring station at a localfire department, responsible security company, office at a home, etc. in a picture fire alarmpanel installed in a building is shown.d) Manual signal boxes; these are common ‘break glass, and pull switch’. By breaking theglass, a fire emergency alarm is sounded.e) A wireless push button fire alarm or distress alarm; it is operated by pressing the buttonf) Fire suppression components; include a fire sprinkler system that works in the event ofa fire.g) An emergency battery system; works in the event of power failure.Fire Resistant UniformsAll fire fighters when deployed to fight wild-land fire now wearflame resistant clothing i.e. pants & shirts made of a specialhigh-strength and synthetic material now being largely pro-duced. 99

DUTIES OF THE SECUIRTY STAFF IN CASE OF FIRE Ensure warning is sounded immediately, and shout fire, fire, fire, while rushing in the di- rection of fire. Also give long whistle Inform control room by breaking MCP glass, phoning or on call/ loud speaker Inform fire brigade on phone at No. 101 Fight the fire with fire extinguishers as per the drill Control traffic and allow access to fire engines Man the parking area Guard the company’s valuables Assist in safe evacuation of staff/ employees/ workers Guide all evacuees to the assembly area Get visitors register to assembly areaEvery organization or industrial unit will have itsStandard Operating Procedure (SOP) with respectto fire fighting, highlighting details of duties ofeach and every individual, employee, staff, man-agement and the security personnel in particular. One must go through the same or ask thesupervisor to let you know about your part of duties as given in the SOP on fire fighting, foryou to be mentally prepared and rehearse yourself on the aspects as enumerated above andfight the fire as a ‘First Fire fighter’. Should the eventuality be there?LAST BUT NOT THE LEASTYOU MUST KNOWa) Local Fire control room numbersb) Nearest locations of the following from your place of dutyManual Call Point (MCP)Fire extinguishers locationsFire hydrant and hose reel boxes nearest fire exitsLocation of Main Circuit Breaker (MCB) in your duty jurisdiction and name of the electrician in -charge.c) How to operate the type of fire extinguishers and hose reel mounted or displayed in your area of dutyd) Location of Assembly Area as per SOPe) Whom to ask for help 100

YOUR ACTION ON NOTICING THE FIREa) Shout FIRE-FIRE-FIREb) Give long whistlec) Inform control RoomBy breaking MCP glassBy phoningBy on call/ Loud Speakersd) Take position and Action as per Fire SOP orDrill EQUIP YOURSELFEquip yourself to prevent or fight the fire, byremembering DO’s and DON’Ts given below,which you must revise periodically. DO’s and DON’Ts To follow and to ensure all others follow too to prevent fireDO’s for Fire Prevention Extinguish any un-attended fire immediately. Extinguish the butts of beedi, cigarettes and match sticks before dropping. And ensure no one does it during your duty hours Switch off power appliances while they are not in use or at the time of power failure During rounds always check for any loose electric wires or apparently faulty electric con- nection/ fuses etc. and report to the management while ensuring that necessary re- pairs/ improvements are done at the earliest. Good housekeeping means least fire risk. Ensure the area is neat and clean. Always check and ensure the means of escape are clear. If not done, inform the manage- ment. Be vigilant against leakage of inflammable liquid gases Be careful about safe storage around you and your work place Ensure the air condition plant is shut down soon as a fire is noticed Unskilled and illiterate employees/ contracted labours may cause fire unwillingly. Igno- rance cost life and job. Keep an eye on them while they are working inside the premis- es. Eliminate causes of fire to ensure safety of life and propertyDON’T for Fire Prevention Don’t leave any fire un-covered or unattended. Don’t store petrol, spirit, paint or any hazardous articles in fire prone places Don’t leave any electrical appliances switched on even at the time of power failure or after working hours Don’t use temporary electrical wires. Don’t be careless not neglect a minor thing which may cause a great loss. Don’t use electric appliances of higher capacity exceeding the sanctioned load Don’t store any inflammable or hazardous articles adjacent to working places 101

DO’s AND DON’TS That you must know on your finger tipsDO’s for fire fighting Ask your supervisor or management for a demonstration of the appropriate procedure in your jurisdiction by the local fire fighting department The secret of fire fighting involves the removal of one of these elements, usually the oxy- gen or the heat Know how to operate the extinguisher. Read the instructions to operate it before hand, you will not have time to read them once a fire has started. Always have the wind at your back, if you are fighting a fire outside Get an assistant to guide you and inform you of the fire’s progress Remember the word P.A.S.S. method while extinguishing the same, if a fire occurs in your work areaDON’Ts during fire fighting Do not attempt to fight a fire unless you have a fire extinguisher large enough to extin- guish the fire. Many small extinguishers empty in 8 to 10 seconds Do not try to extinguish a fire that is spreading rapidly Do not try to put out a fire unless you know what type of fire is burning. Using the wrong fire extinguisher will make the fire worse. Do not use lifts/ elevators of the affected area Do not inhale any fumes from a fire. Fire gives off toxic gases Do not use water on grease fires, electrical fires or fires where electrical wiring is present Do not turn your back on a fire or allow a fire to get between you and a means of escape. 102

MEDICAL EMERGENCY Medical emergencies occur due to various occupational hazards, wherein a victim may haveto be assisted, or he may himself attend to a medical emergency, depending on the severityof the same.It is therefore important, that as a security guard, deeper knowledge is gained about themedical emergency and necessary steps taken to prevent these. COMMON MEDICAL EMERGENCIES AND PREVENTIVE METHODSMedical Emergency is defined as a critical situation that poses an immediate risk to a person’slife or his long term health due to an acute illness or injury generally caused due to occupa-tional hazards at a work place or a premise. These hazards are as under:- Accidents Electric short circuit or naked wires. Leakage of inflammable & toxic liquids/ gases Outbreak of fire Malfunctioning of lifts/ elevators or escalators Lack of ventilation leading to suffocation Flooding Improper use of safety gears Non-adherence to safe norms Spillage of oily/ greasing products on floor/ roadCommon medical emergencies at a work place: which require immediate as-sistance and evacuation are given as under:- Giddiness, vomiting, tears. Abdominal pain, chest pain, sudden unconsciousness. Wound, bleeding, cut in a body part Sprain, dislocation and fracture Burn Poisoning Snake bite, dog bite and insect sting Electric shock, electrocution Strain, sun stroke, heart failure.These medical emergencies may require assistance form a person or persons, who shouldideally be suitably qualified to attend to the emergency. Some of these emergencies can how-ever, be easily dealt with by the victim himself when aware and trained.Preventive MeasuresMost organizations have preventive emergency plans prepared and rehearsed to deal with allmedical emergencies as part of their Occupational, Safety, Health and Environment (OSHE)programmes for people engaged in work or employment at their premises, organized and 103

managed by experts in the field.As a security guard, it is important to be conversant with these preventive measures. An at-titude of “it can’t happen here and it can’t happen to me’ must be avoided and trainingto deal with all aspects of such medical emergencies imbibed. FIRST AID METHODS AND EQUIPMENT‘First Aid’ as the name suggests, is ‘First’ and ‘On the Spot’ provision of care for an illness orinjury to a sick or injured with the available resources.First Aid should ideally provide by an expert; however, the same may not be possible too of-ten. It is thus imperative that a Security Guard, who is generally on the scene, must betrained to administer the same and save a precious life/ lives.;Aim of First Aid this can be depicted by the three ‘Ps’ as given below:- Preserve life; with an immediate aim to save lives first Prevent further harm; with the aim to prevent the condition from becoming worse Promote recovery; larger aim is also to start recovery process, to involve completing a treatment like applying bandage, to stop bleeding.First Aid BoxThe importance of First Aid is highlighted from the fact that it is mostly seen in all work plac-es, in a many public places, buses, cinema halls, restaurants, hotels, schools etc. many peo-ple keep First Aid Boxes at their homes and vehicles as well. A First Aid kit is normally in-tended for minor injuries and ailments; however, in large premises, it is equipped to dealwith more serious injures until the victim gets expert medical help.Essential Contents of a First Aid Kit; the contents as given below are preservedand laid out in a proper size metal, plastic-fibre or timber box marked as ‘First Aid Box’ withgreen colour cross and placed at a prominent point known to all. 2 absorbent compress dressings (5 x9 inches). 25 adhesive bandages (assorted sizes). I adhesive cloth tape (10 yards x 1 inch) 5 antibiotic ointment packets (approximately 1 gram) 5 antiseptic wipe packets 2 packets of aspirin (81 mg each) 1 blanket (space blanket) 1 breathing barrier (with one-way valve) 104

1 instant cold compress1 pairs of non-latex gloves (size: large)2 hydrocortisone ointment packets1 roller bandage (3 inches wide)1 roller bandage (4 inches wide)5 sterile gauze pads (3x3 inches)5 sterile gauze pads (4x4 inches)Oral thermometer (non-mercury/ non glass)2 triangular bandagesA pair of medical scissorsTweezersFirst Aid instruction booklet 105

The principles and rules of First AidAttempt providing ‘First Aid’ only when one knows how to proceed:incase of any doubt, inform the emergency support services/ ambulance services.Assess the situation and condition of the casualty: and determine quicklywhat assistance can be given. Ask for help if possible. Follow the ABC rule to check and pro-ceed. 106

The ABC ruleA: Airway – check if airway is obstructed by vomits, any foreign object, or tongue. Clear theairway, if blockedB: breathing – Check breathing, try to restore the same by artificial respiration, if victim isnot breathing.C: Circulation – check circulation of oxygen through the body. Contro9l or stop externalbleeding, if anyNote: this ABC rule has been subsequently explained w ith the help of sketches forbetter understanding as part of CPR methodProviding First Aid:Wound it is an injury due to discontinuity in any part of the skin or muscles. It can be asmall cut to a deep puncture wound. Wounds are of the following types:- ;Bruised this is caused by a blunt object which causes damage to soft tissues and blood vessels causing bleeding under the skin ;Incised this is caused by a sharp edged object and in this case, bleeding may be inter- nal, external or both ;Punctured this is caused by poking, like a knife stab or gunshot, etc. and in this case bleeding will be both internal and external.;Bleeding is blood oozing out of blood vessels, which may be internal or external. 107

First Aid Treating wounds and Bleeding Calm the injured person and apply firm pressure directly to the wound using a clean cloth or gauze pad If bleeding does not stop, apply tourniquets method by compressing a limb with a tight bandage Remove pressure when the bleeding stops, usually in five to ten minutes and clean the wound with a mild antiseptic Dress the wound before transporting the victim to the nearest hospital.Difference between Fractures, dislocationFracture; is a chipping of or breakage of a bone.Dislocation; occurs when a bone in a join be-comes displaced or misaligned due to a sudden hit/impact on the joint.Difference between Sprain and StrainIncase of fracture or dislocation, First Aid is provid-ed by supporting the fractured or dislocated part bytying a rod or branch of a tree with bandage asshown above before transporting the casualty to thenearest hospital;Sprain a sprain occurs when a joint is twisted or stretched beyond its normal range of mo-.tion, occurring generally in knees and ankles;Strain a strain is a stretched or torn muscle causing swelling and painFirst Aid for Sprain and StrainAt first, treatment for both sprains and strains usually involves resting the injured area, icingit and bandaging. Later treatment might include exercise and physical therapy.Heart Attack and Cardiac Arrest;Heart attack heart attack (myocardial infarction – MI) occurs when an area of the heartis deprived of blood flow and oxygen for a prolonged period of time, usually 20 to 30 minutesand the heart muscle begin to die. This causes severe shooting chest pain.Symptoms of heart attack include some as under:- Heaviness or pain in the chest, discomfort and pressure Extensive sweating, extreme weakness, and anxiety or shortness of breath Rapid or irregular heartbeats, shooting radiating pain 108

First aid for heart attack The casualty should be seated and calmed down by reassurance Ambulance service should be immediately informed to transport the casualty to the near- est hospital If the clothing is tight, it should be loosened If the person is unconscious and unresponsive, Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) method should be performed.Performing Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR); it is a lifesaving proce-dure that is performed when a person’s breathing or heartbeat has stopped. CPR is neededwhen dealing with an unconscious person who is notbreathing or pulse of the person cannot be felt and theperson does not react to the touch and callsMethod of performing CPR; this method alsocalled as ABC rule has been described with the help ofpicture below for better understanding as part CPRmethod.A – AIRWAYIf airway is blocked Turn the person on one side Open the mouth and remove any foreign material inside Feel carefully if breathing Observe the chest movementB – BREATHINGIf not breathing Turn person on back Open airway Start mouth to mouth resuscitation as shown Give 5 full ventilations in ten seconds Check the pulse on the neck If pulse is present, resuscitation at a rate of 15 per minute (one every 4 seconds) – check the circulation after 1 minute and then every 2 minutes If breathing return – place the person on side keep the airway clear. 109

C – COMPRESSIONIf neck pulse is absent Start external cardiac compression Place the heel of one hand on the lower half of the sternum Lock the other hand to the first by grasping wrist or interlocking fingers Keep fingers of the chest Give 2 ventilations and 15 compressions every .15 secondsEVACUATION OF PREMISESThe evacuation is process that involves certain drills and is executed by the management/executives of any organization/ city as per the laid down standard operating procedures(SOPs)These SOPs include responsibilities/ duties of the management/ staff for efficient execution,earmarking of the assembly areas for evacuation, routes marking for safe evacuation andsafety instructions, etc., these SOPs are reviewed periodically by the management and varyfrom organization to organization and location to location.In case of any emergency it becomes utmost necessary to immediately evacuate the injured,employees, workers, general public if any, to a safer place. A security guard should be readyto assist in the evacuation process and undertake the following duties:- Guide people to exit as per the exit route in the building/ premises Guide the route as directed, to the assembly area earmarked as per the SOP or newly defined area Guide the people to the assembly area Keep unauthorized persons away/ out of the area/ premises Be observant and keep a strict watch to prevent any theft/ loot Provide assistance in evacuation of the injured Keep the control room informed of all activities related to the emergency, search and evacuation actions Receive and guide police and other emergency services Designate ‘Safe Areas’ and inform control room 110

EVACUATION OF CASUALTYCasualty evacuation is a movement of sick and injured away from hazardous location and theuse of protective methods to support a victim’s body during evacuation.Timely evacuation of the sick and injured is an important aspect of casualty evacuation; moreimportant is the careful manner in which the casualty is moved. If evacuated in a wrong man-ner, the condition of casualty may worsen during evacuation itself.Methods of Casualty Evacuation; it is utmost important to understand and practicethe correct methods of casualty evacuation, which are as under:- Manual – By Hands Stretcher – By using a stretcher Improvised – By using available materials and aidsManual methods of carrying a casualty; these are single rescuer and double res-cuer:a) One Rescuer MethodFire man lift, bowline drag, pick a backHuman CrutchHuman Crawlb) Two Rescuers MethodTwo and four hand seatFore and aft:Stretcher Method by using a stretcher carried by four to six persons;Improvised Methods by using a chair, improvised stretcher, ladder etc 111

COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL DOMAINSIntroductionRapid urbanization, infrastructure development and globalization have resulted in the spreadof corporate sector.A number of residential complexes, BPOs, call centres, KPOs, local corporate HQ etc, havemushroomed over the last three decades or so.This has resulted in many security challenges, which has directly put pressure on the privatesecurity sector; wherein a security guard is the key factor.Deployment in commercial Domains; includes security set-up for the following:- Single and multi-flat houses, row houses, condominiums, colonies and townships Real estate, parks and public utilities Schools, colleges, university and hostels Banks and ATMs .Business parks, offices, shops and warehouses Information Technology Enabled Services (ITES) Hotels, restaurants, guest houses, inns and motels Hospitals, nursing homes and diagnostic la- boratories Malls, markets, bazaars and shops Cinema, theatre, multiplex, fairs and exhibi- tions Sports complexes and stadiums Live shows weddings, congregations and rallies Transport hubs and mass rapid transit system Religious places and shrines Tourist spots and monumentsThe main requirements of commercial security set-up as applicable to a security guard are asfollows:- Personnel security Physical security Information security Crime prevention and detection Fraud deterrence Investigations Crisis management Environment, safety and health 112

Security organizationEvery commercial domain has a chief security officer (CSO) or a manager security dependingupon its size. He is the top security executive who is responsible for the physical security anddirects the staff in identifying, framing, executing and maintaining security processes acrossthe organization to reduce risks, respond to incidents, and limit exposure to liability in all are-as of business, physical and personal risks; and issues directions for implementation of poli-cies and procedures related to security.Residential SecurityResidential security is quite different from the security in the industry and the commercialcomplexes.In the modern world, sizeable population lives in and around large cities or metros, in orga-nized colonies/ societies/ complexes generally formed as cooperative Housing Societies(CHSs) and Residential Welfare Associations (RWAs) as per local laws.These dwelling places are well organized with inbuilt security infrastructure like perimeterwalls, fencing, and security gates, security offices/ cabins etc. however, residential premisesare always under threat due to the following criminal activities involving anti-social elements: Burglary or thefts Robbery Dacoit Snatching Sexual assaultTo guard against such increased anti-social activities, most of these CHSs and RWAs hire pro-fessional security agencies for round the clock security.In addition a number of residential to complexes have installed surveillance equipment tomonitor the activities of such undesired elements. Some of these have even installed bio-metric systems to monitor and record particulars of visitors and attendance of domestic helpsproviding services in their respective complexes.In the residential complexes, besides the general security duties, the security guard has toobserve the following:- Be polite, yet firm with the residents and their visitors Be extra vigilant, while allowing the visitors, hawkers, or service providers, inside the complex Check the antecedents of the visitor in detail, if required, even from the resident being visited and note down his entire details in the visitor’s register Search visitor’s vehicle thoroughly in case there is a policy of the CHS/ RWA management to let the vehicle in after check, if not, then ask the visitor to leave the vehicle outside the gate. 113

Accompany the visitor to the inmate’s desti- nation, especially if the inmate to be visit- ed is a minor, woman or a senior citizen. Keep all the emergency telephone numbers of police, hospitals, fire-brigade and office -bearers readily available Keep batons/ lathis, emergency lights and first-aid-box in operational position and at the designated space Ensure vigilance and alertness during patrol- ling duties, particularly during night.Most CHSs/ RWAs frame general security guidelines/ instructions for their members. All theseguidelines should be well known and understood by the security guard, for quick and effectiveresponse. INDUSTRIALA country’s wealth and economic stability depends upon the Industrial output, technical skilland expertise of the men of that country. It is, therefore, of paramount importance that ut-most care is taken to protect and preserve the security of every industry in the country. Thiswill require appropriate physical security measures backed by electronic security measures.Industrial security can thus be defined as protection of property material and informationfrom theft, pilferage, sabotage and subversion and others risk and hazards.It also includes the protection of life and ‘information security’ of the management and staff,within the premises.Basic RequirementsThe main requirements of Industrial security are akin to commercial security. Some specificrequirements of physical security measures for industrial security are as follows:- Peripheral protection of plant, machinery and equipment Access control Protection of personnel and material Protection of vital information (verbal, documentary and electronic)Infrastructure Requirement: every industrial unit generally has the following inbuiltperipheral security structure:- Boundary wall with wire fencing Security lights Peripheral watch towers Gates (for personnel and vehicles) Patrolling track alongside the boundary wall 114

Security control room Locker/ space for safe custody of firearms Guard cabins as per requirementDeployment in industrial domains; includes security set-up for the following:- Factories Workshops Plants Mines Refineries and pipe lines Sea ports and air ports Special Economic zones (SEZs) Container yards and warehouses Transport and logistics InfrastructureAs a security guard, it is important to be fully conversant about such properties and premisesthese are briefly described as under:-Factories; a building or buildings where goods are manufactured or assembled and thework is carried on by way of trade or for purpose of profits. These are mostly located in de-fined industrial areas/ zones.Workshop; an enclosed and covered area or an establishment where manual or light in-dustrial work for repair/ maintenance is carried out.Plants; these consist of equipment, including machinery, tools, instruments, fixtures andthe buildings containing the, necessary for an industrial or manufacturing operation and backup;Mines these are earmarked areas of excavation in the earth from which ore or mineralsare extracted.Refineries and pipelines; these are large oil installations spread over vast areas torefine crude oil through a process into and petroleum product supplied mainly through pipelines.:Sea ports sea ports are harbours or towns having facilities for large cargo ships to comein from sea routes to dock in and steam off after loading and unloading of cargo.;Air-ports these are a complex of runways and buildings for the take-off, landing, andmaintenance of civil aircraft, with facilities for passengers and cargo handling.Special Economic Zone (SEZ); Is a geographical region that has economic laws thatare more liberal than a country’s typical economic laws. The category ‘SEZ’ includes a range 115

of Free Trade Zones, Industrial Estates, free portsetcContainer yards; the location designated bythe carrier for receiving, assembling, holding, stor-ing, and delivering containers with or withoutgoods, and where containers may be picked up byshippers or redelivered by consignees.Warehouses; these are a secured complex oflarge building or buildings where raw material or man-ufactured goods may be stored before their export ordistribution for sale.Transport and logistics; this includes parking, maintenance and movement oftransport, essentially cargo transport by road or rail transport.;Infrastructure this includes road highways and toll booths, railways and sidings, ports,air terminals, etc., all requiring security to mitigatevarious threats and risks. RISKS AND THREATSA security guard on duty as part of the entire securityset-up is required to identify and respond to thethreats and risk to the organization he is deployed at.Therefore, there is a need for a security guard to beaware of such risks and threats which are as under:- 116

Unauthorized entry and trespass Loitering and littering Pilferage and shoplifting Theft and Robbery Accidents Medical emergency Fire incident Violence and assault Public demonstration, labour unrest and crowd formation. Natural and manmade hazards Eve teasing, molestation and sexual assault Kidnapping Murder and suicidePeculiar to Industrial Deployment Industry type and its product Size of premises & safety environment Industrial Incidents related to strikes, workers union etc. Fire prone job Problems related to productivity and related to industrial relations Density of population around the industry Political environment, regional and religious domination Law and order situation in the area Availability of law and order enforcement bodies 117

BEHAVIOURAL STANDARDS & ROLE AND DUTIES OF A SCU- RITY GUARDBEHAVIOURAL STANDARDSA security guard is the first and the immediate contact, any employee, resident or a visitorestablishes when he or she approaches a security gate of any establishment. A security guardis also the mirror reflection of the organization at whose premise he is deployed and the secu-rity agency he belongs to. This makes it utmost important for him to exhibit high standards ofBehaviour and Good Moral Values in the discharge of his duties and responsibilities alwaysand every time:Manner and methods following are the highlights and impact of the same:-a) The manners and methods in which a security guard greets an employee or a visitor, attends to the visitor, patiently listens to his requirement and how promptly, correctly and judiciously responds to visitor’s requirements, all that make a very positive impact thereby creating a well secured and safe environment.b) while a violation or rules and regulation by a staff or an employee of an organization may not invite much criticism, but even a minor deviation of any standard practice or regulation by a security guard will be considered as serious, being a security matter. That is the importance of firmness coupled with good behaviour and conduct by securi- ty guards at every gate and premises of the principal.Standard Behavioural Practices; a trained security guard must observe the follow- ing as part of his good behaviour and moral conduct:- Maintain regularity and punctuality Sleep well before coming on duty, to keep a fresh look throughout duty tenure Always be smartly turned-out Behave very politely and speak in a decent language with all employees and visitors, while remaining firm in the discharge of assigned duties. Always ensure high alertness, vigilance and surveillance of the area of responsibility Do not read newspapers/ novels/ magazines, etc while on duty Be positive in taking full responsibility of the assigned task Always be responsive and helpful Do not indulge in any kind of argument or heated discussion. Report the provocative mat- ter, if any, to your superior and adhere to the decision thereafter. Communicate timely and effectively 118

Do not smoke or consume liquor while on duty Do not accept gifts and tips from any personGENERAL DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF AN UNARMED GUARD Every commercial or industrial house will have its written SOPs for fool proof security attheir premises. This may vary from organization to organization.A security guard must know the basic and general duties while carrying out his tasks and re-.sponsibilities, to ensure fool proof security of the concerned establishment/ organizationROLE AND DUTIES (DO’S AND DON’T’S) IN GENERAL OF AN UNARMEDGUARDCommercial domain:- Always report on duty on time. Report at least 15 minutes before duty timings Ensure proper handing/ taking over of the charges of duty to/ from the guard of next/ previous shift after making prescribed entries in the handing/ taking over register. Do not leave your post unless your reliever has reported for duty and has taken over the charge from you As a security guard on duty, understand all the instructions and job requirements of the duty given by seniors and follow them very strictly Do not disobey seniors At the main gate duty, check each and every employee, resident properly by frisking while coming in/ going out to ensure that no objectionable/ restricted item or weapon is taken in/out Ensure entry/ exit of personnel through biometric system wherever applicable. Ensure that no unauthorized person is loitering in the premises. If found, inform or take him to your superior. Do not allow any spitting in your area of responsibility In case of any crime committed in your area of responsibility inform the senior/ police as per the policy of the organization where security has been deployed. Cooperate in po- lice investigation and give them all the relevant information relating to the offence available with you Whenever any police or investigation officer visits the site, note down the particulars and the time of police arrival, name of the investigation officer and the relevant provisions of the law applied in the inquiry Always keep the emergency light arrangements/ torches on person during night duty When tasked, carryout patrolling inside the premises by taking frequent rounds with eyes and ears open and record any untoward incident observed/ detected in the relevant register besides escalating the information to your superior Ensure during patrolling that the boundary wall/ barbed wire fencing of the premises and the search lights are thoroughly checked for any breach and damage. If found any change, record and report immediately. Know about the channel of reporting both at your duty place as well as in your security agency Be ready to perform the duties of a security supervisor in officiating capacity when your supervisor happens to be away with a reason. And for this contingency, during the currency of your job you must acquaint yourself with the role & duties of a security supervisor. Vehicles registered/ marked by the RWA will only be allowed inside. Visitors will park their vehicles outside the gate or as per the rules of the society. Special attention has to be paid on the security of children, women and senior citizen in the CHSs and RWAs complexes. Only the registered vendors after antecedents verifi- 119

cation will be allowed inside and the time in/ going out will be written in the visitors register.Industrial Domain:- Ensure that no employee takes out any official paper/ document/ file of the company or any item/ product/ property of the company on his person Ensure that the entry of employees and visitor is affected after checking their identity cards and marking their attendance in manner as prescribed by the management. Ensure that each and every material comes in through challans, duly entered in the in- coming material register and the challans after being entered/ recorded should be kept safety in the prescribed file. Ensure that each and every material goes out through a valid gate pass duly signed by the authorized person and after tallying his signatures from the specimen signatures already proved to you The details of the outgoing material should be entered in the prescribed register. The per- son carrying the goods/ material must sign in that register as well as on the gate pass. All returnable materials should be allowed to go out/ come back in through returnable gate pass duly signed by the authorized signatory to be entered in the returnable ma- terial register both at the time of going out/ coming in duly signed in the respective register and returnable gate pass by the person(s) carrying out/ bringing in the mate- rial in question. Check the tools of contractual workers and make a record of that in the specified register Check all the vehicles thoroughly while coming in/ going out manually as well as through electronic gadgets such as mirror trolley as/ if provided and make the entries to this effect in the relevant register after taking the signatures of drivers. In case of the personal vehicles of all executives/ manages, check the vehicle according to the policy of the management. If no frisking/ checking of personal vehicles has been authorized then simply record in a separate register their time in/out with vehicle de- tails. Ensure the compliance of access control system, so that no employee or visitor goes to a department/ area/ site which is not authorized for his/ her visit Ensure and check that all the doors/ gates of offices/ stores/ plants after the work is over are properly closed/ locked and their keys have been deposited in the provided key box and the key box (wherever applicable) is properly sealed Make sure that all lights are switched off, after working hours, and no water tap is running or leaking Ensure that no visitor enters the premises without being searched, making entries in the visitor’s register, issuing of visitor’s pass and permission of the executive/ manager to be visited. Blow siren/ hooter at the scheduled time of lunch break/ shift over. Also blow the emer- gency siren in case the exigency so arises. Provide first aid to the injured in case of a minor injury and call the ambulance immedi- 120

ately in case of a major injury/ accident taken place in the premises, and inform the superior.Familiarize with the fire fighting equipment and its use on the premisesFight fire with quick action in case of a small fire and information fire brigade in case of a major fire. Assist the fire brigade personnel during the process of fire-fightingTake action, like sounding alarm etc., for the workmen to assemble at a safer point during a fire or any natural disasterDuring night shift attend to the phone calls, record the message and escalate the im- portant message to the persons concerned as per the requirementIn the occurrence book provided at the security control room, record all the details of the incident taken place and get it seen and signed by the supervisor at an earliest.During periods of strike and labour unrest keep a watch on the activities of the trade un- ion activists to know about probable plans against the management. Find out the names of the insiders/ workers who are in constant liaison with them and are being instigatedAt times during labour problem, labour inspectors and intelligence inspectors from police (labour section) come and exchange information with the management. In that case, does not become the spokesperson of the company; instead connect them to your su- pervisor or the HR department.Whenever a government official comes at the factory gate, speak to him decently and connect him to the designated officer. 121