ມ.2_ຟື້ນຖານວິຊາຊີບ ຊັ້ນ ມ 2_BasicCareer

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ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ0D dkodtdP, { g]nvd-N-Uo\\6mulj qf [+,udyjog\\ao7k; c]t lu[+cf’s^kpS { ]hk’-Uo\\6.ooEltvkf -vpgxao8vj o[k’MS { ]hk’zaddkf.ooEltvkf -vpgxao8vj o0Q;S { cdtdk[sq;zad[q;j .spjF ]hk’oE.shltvkfF -vpgxao8jvo[k’MS { ]hk’\\kdg]ajo.sp.j shltvkf c]h;xkfgxao8vj or=fu7eS { ]hk’sv,[qj;.[F sv,xhv,.ooEltvkf 8afgxao8vj oxt,kolv’0=h,nS { cdtdk[zad[qj;F zadmP,csh’vvd -vpgxao8vj o[k’MD 7D ;ymux5’ gvqkoE,ao.l\\j =h7hk’w2.sh2qf c]h;gvqksq;zad[qj;F zadmP,csh’]q’ 0Q;.lj9qosv, s^a’9kdoAogvqk-Uo\\6muj-vpw;hoAo]q’F .lgj 7nvj ’x5’]qf-kfg-aoj G oExkF oE,aosvpF -u vY;F oE8koF 0Q;.shg0Qkdao9qo-Uol5d c]h;9bj’.lzj addt]Oxu 0Q;.shg0Qkdaovudgmnvj |b’j c]h;9b’j .lsj q;zad[q;j .sjpxt,ko # okmu 9b’j .l\\j kdg]aoj F -u,]qf-kf.shr=fu g;]k9t xq’.sh.lsj v,[q;j .[ c]t sv,xhv, c]h;9b’j xq’]q’D ’D ;ymudko9af8q[c8’j { 8ad.l9j ko.splj e]a[dyooedaos^kp7qo c8,j u[;’j le]a[8adS { dko8ad.lj9ko8hv’[+.sh]Qovvd,k0v[9koS { 7;o8q[c8’j fh;p.[zad[q;j c]t sv,xhv,D 7e4k, !D dkog]nvd-N-Uo\\6mujlqfF [+,udyjog\\ao7k; lu[+cf’s^kp4nd sn^ zyfL dD 4nd 0D zyf @D dko0Q;-Uo.lzj adgrnvj .sh,u]qf-kfc-[ gIqk7;o.lgj 7njv’x5’-toyf.fcfLj X.sh\\kp  .lj rP’ ! 0=h? dD gdnvF oE,aoF oE8ko 0D oExkF oE8koF oE,aosvp 7D oE,aoF oExkF oE,aosvpF oE-uvY;F oE8ko 21

[qfmu * g0Qk8Q,.l\\j kddh;p c]t 4q;j fe g0Qk8Q,mu7j qo]k;gIqkoypq,dyo,us^kp-toyfg-aoj G g0Qk8Q,.lj\\kddh;pF 4qj;feF 0P; c]t 4qj;vnoj MD !D ;ymudkox5’c8j’g0Qk8Q,.ljdh;p dD g7njv’xtdv[ !D g0Qklko|P; ! dy3]dik, ! s;u @D \\kddh;poEl5d ! |j;p $ [j;’cd’ #D \\kdrhk;csh’ ! [j;’-k #W { $W .[ s^n s+ $D oE8ko @ #* &D gdnv *D .[8v’8k,9eo;os+ ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ 0D dkodtdP, { g0qhklko|P;oewx\\jk.shw|jxt,ko # { $ -qj;3,’S { \\kddh;pxvdgxnvdvvdF oewx8afgxao # { $ 8vor=fuS { \\kdrhk;06f c]t 7AogvqkoEsq;dtmy.shwfh ! 4h;p.spSj { .[8v’8kdcff.shvjvo c]h;oe,k9udxt,kolv’/k,n s^n d;hk’xt,ko !&{@W -a’8uc,afF s^a’9kdoAooe,kdPosq;F dPoxkp.sh’k,D 7D dkox5’ { gvqkoEsq;dtmy.lj\\=h 7hk’w2.sh2qf .lgj 0QkF oE8ko c]t gdnv c]h;7qo.shg0Qkdao 0hP;9qooEcsh’ c]t .shg0Qkl5dr=fu [+.shg]tS { 8adg0Qkmu0j Q;leg]afc]h;.ljrk4kf xtw;h.shg1ao9bj’oewxs+D ’D ;ymus+ oe.[8v’mudj P,w;hc]h;oe,ks+8k,0Ao8vog-ajoG .lgj 0QkF dh;p c]h;s+ g;]ks+ .shdu[sq; c]t du[xkprhv,grnjv.shwfhg0Qk8Q,l;p’k,8k,I6[D 22

I6[0Ao8vodkos+g0Qk8Q,.ljdh;pG dko;k’.[8v’s+g0Qk8Q,lk,kf;k’-njF ;k’lts^P’ c]t 8afgxaoI6[-q’vnoj M 8k,7;k,,adD ! @# $ &* @D dkox5’c8’j g0Qk8Q,4q;j fe ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ !D g0Qklko|P; @ dy3]dik, dD g7njv’xtdv[ @D 4q;j fe $WW dik, @ &* #D oE8ko & [j;’cd’ $D gdnv ! [j;’-k &D \\kdrhk; ! |j;p *D .[8v’8k,9eo;o #W { $W .[ 0D dkodtdP, { g0Qklko\\P;oewx\\kj .shw|Fj xt,ko # { $ -q;j 3,’S { ]hk’4q;j fegvqkdyoj lk[vvdc]h;c-j.shvvj o s^n 8Q,.shl5dS { \\kdrhk;06f c]t 7AogvqkoEsq;dtmyda[oExkp.shwfh @ 4h;p.spSj { gvqk.[8v’oewx8kdcff.shvjvo c]h;oe,k9ud.shwfhlv’/k,n s^n 7;k,d;hk’xt ,ko !&{@W -a’8uc,af s^a’9kdoAooe,k8afl;j osq; c]t xkp.shgxaoI6[37’D 23

7D dkox5’ gvqkoEsq;dtmyF oExkpdtmy0hP;.shc8d,aoF gvqkg0Qklko|P;F 4qj;feF oE 8koF c]t gdnv 7qo.shg0Qkl5dr=fu [+.shg]tF [+.shg0Qkw\\h .shoEdtmycsh’]q’ c]h; 9bj’xq’xtw;h.shg1ao c]h;9bj’oewxs+D ’D ;ymus+ gvqk.[8v’mudj P,w;h,ks+ .lgj 0Qk.shwfhxt,ko ! [;j ’cd’c]h;s+ g;]ks+.shdu[ sq; c]t du[xkp[jvos+9q[’k, g,nvj s+9qo\\qfg0Qkc]h; .shoes+g0Qk8Q,wx|B’xt,ko #W{$W okmu c]h;xq’]q’xtw;h.shg1aoF oewxIa[xtmkogxao0v’s;kowfhD 7e4k, !D dkooe.[8v’,ks+g0Qk8Q,oAo9t8hv’8kdcff.shvjvodvj o4nd sn^ zyfL dD 4nd 0D zyf ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ @D g0Qkmuj9toe,kgIafg0Qk8Q,.ljdh;pc,oj g0Qk-toyf.fL X.sh\\kp  .lj rP’ ! 0=h? dD g0Qklko|P; 0D g0Qklko9hk; 7D g0Qklk]u #D gxaospa’gryjo9bj’.ljgdnvg;]kgIafg0Qk8Q, L X.sh\\kp  .lj rP’ ! 0=h? dD grnjvgIaf.shg0Qk8Q,oAog7a, 0D grnjv.shg0Qk8Q,oAo,u]qf-kf 7D grnvj gIaf.shg0Qk8Q,oAo,ao c]t ,u]qf-kf 24

rkdmu II dkox6d/a’ c]t ]hP’laf [qfmu ( dkox6drnfzadfh;psq; s^n |+ !D 7;k,\\kp0v’dkox6drnffh;psq; s^n |+ rnf[k’-toyf,u]e8Qo s^n IkdgIaf|hkmujltlq,vkskog-aoj G sq;zad[qj;F sq;zad mP,F 0u’F 0kj F sq;luw7F 8Qodh;p c]t vnjoMD rnfgs^qjkoU[+lk,kf0tspkpraofh;p dkoxad-eF 3m,dyj’F 8yf8k c]t 8+dyj’wfh ma’[+g\\ktlq,da[dko0tspkpraofh;p cdoj D dD dkoc[’j sq; dkoc[’j sq;c,jodkocpdl;j o0v’ rnfvvd8k,Ivpcpd8k,me,t-kf g-ajoG sq; zad[qj; c]t sq;zadmP,D ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ sq;zad[q;j sq;zadmP, 0D dkocpd|+ dkoc[’j |+c,jodkocpd|+0v’rnfmuj c8d|+ g-ajoG dh;pF 0u’F 0kj F sq;luw7 c]t 0U \\YoD sq;0jk   25

@D 75oxt3spf0v’dkox6drnfzadfh;psq; s^n |+ { dkox6drnfzadfh;psq; s^n |+ gxao;ymumugj \\ktlq,da[dko0tspkpraornf[k’xt grf g-yj’[+lk,kf0tspkpraowfh3fp;ymuvnoj M s^n 0tspkpwfhpkdg-ajoG sq;zad[qj;F sq; dtmP,F 0u’F 0jkF sq;luw7 c]t vnjoMD { 8Qornfmuzj kj odko0tspkpraofh;psq; c]t |+,u]adltot7ngdqkj c]t c8d|+.\\j wfh gxao9eo;os^kpD { rnffaj’dkj ;0tspkpraowfh’kj p c]t ltf;d lk,kfgvqksq;,kc[’j s^n gvqk|+ ,kcpd c]h;oewxx6d.l0j 5,F .lj|ko s^n .lj.ork-totle]a[x6d Xdt34x6dF 75F -k,?D g,njvsqfoE.shrP’r=d+9twfhrnf8Qo.\\Dj 7e4k, !D dkoc[’j sq;c,jodkocpdl;j o0v’rnfvvd8k,Ivpcpd8k,me,t-kf 4nd sn^ zyfL dD 4nd 0D zyf ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ @D rnfmu.j -hx6dfh;pdkocpd|+,usap’cfLj X.sh\\kp 3 .lj rP’ ! 0=h?D dD 0u’ 0D sq;luw7 7D dh;p ’D 4nd\\qfm5d0=h #D dkox6drnfzadfh;psq; c]t |+,u75oxt3spfco;.fL   26

[qfmu ) dkox6drnfzadfh;psq; s^n |+ X8+? !D rnfzadmuxj 6dfh;psq; s^n |+ dD rnfzadmuxj 6dfh;psq; rnfmuxj 6dfh;psq; ,uzad[qj;F zadmP,F gznvdF ,ao/t]aj’ c]t vnjoMD sq;zad[q;j sq;zadmP, sq;,ao/t]a’j sq;gznvd ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ 0D rnfzadmuxj 6dfh;p|+ rnfmujx6dfh;p|+ ,u0u’F 0kj F 0U\\yhoF sq;luw7F 8Qodh;pF \\kdoaf c]t vnoj MD sq;luw7 sq;0jk sq;0u’   27

8Qodh;p 8Qo\\kdoaf @D dko7afg]nvdco;rao s^a’9kdmujgIqkI6h-toyf0v’raornfmujgIqk9tx6dc]h; djvo9tx6d7;o7afg]nvdraornf .shfu 3fpxt8y[af8k,s^addkofaj’]5,j ouhG { g]nvdsq; s^n |+ 9kd8Qoraofumuj,u]adltotdq’da[lkpraoS { g]nvdsq; s^n |+ mulj q,[6o c]t c0’cI’S { g]nvd0t|kfg\\ktlq,.odko0tspkprao s^n x6dF 0t|kf[+.spj c]t [+ohvp9qo gduowxF c8d.[vjvoxt,ko @{# .[S { g]nvdsq; s^n |+mujxaflt9kdg-Nv3]dD ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ #D fyogrktx6d vkf9t-Nfyogrktx6dleg]afI6[mu,j u0kp8k,Ihko0kpv5xtdvodkodtglf s^n gvqkfyo,kxtlq,gvqkgv’8k,l6f s^n l;j oxtlq,fa’j ]5j,oUG dD l;j oxtlq, vaf8kl;j oxtlq, { x5p\\ad @ lj;oS { 05p\\kdrhk; ! lj;oS { 0Ucd[ !}@ l;j oS { oE\\ad95]yo-u -u;trk[g9nv9k’ s^n vugva, XEM? ! ]yfxtlq,da[ oE @W ]yfD 05p\\kdrhk; oEvugva, 0Ucd[   28

0D ;ymuxtlq, ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ gvqklj;oxtlq,ma’\\qf7qo.shg0Qkdao c]h;gvqkoE\\ad95]yo-u-u;trk[ s^n oEvugva, XEM? xtlq,da[oE.shg0Qkdao .sh,u7;k,-5j,r=g\\ktlq,F [+xPdgduowx \\adw;hxt,ko ! vkmyf 9b’j lk,kfoe,k.-hwfhD $D v5xtdvo.odkox6d dD v5xtdvo { rk-tot.odkox6d,udt3xtF 34F -k, c]t 75D -k, 75 { v5xtdvo.odkox6d,u9qdF -;hko c]t lP,D 9qd -;hko lP,   29

{ v5xtdvosqfoE,um+1k’F [q;sqfoEF 3vDDD 75 m+1k’ [q;sqfoE 3v ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ { v5xtdvo.l/j 5jo c]t xhv’daolaf86rnf ,u[A’lufF 75 c]t -h;koD [A’luf 75 -;hko { v5xtdvole]a[c[’j sq; s^n cpd|+ ,u,uf c]t rhkD ,uf rhk   30

0D dkogIaf7;k,ltvkf c]t dkogda[Iadlkg7nvj ’,ns^a’dko.-h s^a’dko.-h;Pd’koleg]afc]h; 7;ogIaf7;k,ltvkf c]t gda[Iadlkg7njv’,n faj’oUG { 7;o]hk’v5xtdvo.shltvkf c]t g-af.shcsh’S { gda[Iadlkw;h[jvomucj sh’F xvfwr c]t oe,k.-h,u7;k,ltf;dD &D ;ymudkox6drnffh;psq; s^n |+ &D!D dkox6drnffh;psq; dD ;ymuc[’j sq;rnf c[’j sq;zqd[qj; c]t zadmP, 8k,Ivpc[j’me,t-kf8k,I6[]5j,oUG dkoc[’j sq;zadmP, dkoc[j’sq;zad[qj; ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ 0D ;ymux6d { 05f05,.ork-totle]a[x6dmujg7njvophkpwfh s^n 05f05,.o|kox6dmudj P,fyow;hF gvqk sq; s^n |+mujc[j’,kcxt.ljmk’dk’0v’05,x6dS { dkox6d7;oxtw]ptsjk’]ts;jk’c4; c]t 8Qo 3fp7eob’g4y’0t|kfdko9t g]uog8u[380v’rnfg;]k,ao0tspkp8q;vvdS dkog9kt05f05,.o-k,   31

ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ{ gvqkfyoxqd c8j8hv’xt.shpvf-Uvvd,k ltrk[7nda[8vomujgIqkc[j’vvd,kx6d lyj’ mu7j ;o]t;a’7n[+.shfyoxqdpvfS dkogvqkfyoxqd { sqfoE.sh,u7;k,-5j,c8j1kj .shxPd9qogduowxgrktgs’Qk8Qovkf9tgoqkj 8kpwfh c]t 7;osqfoE8vog-Qk c]t 8voc]’S dkosqfoErnfzads^a’9kdx6dc]h; { gIafIqj,[a’cffxt,ko # { & ;ao c]h;9b’j gxufIqj,vvdD   32

&D@D dkox6drnffh;p|+ ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ dD ;ymucpd|+grnjvoewxx6d cpd|+0v’rnf grnjvoewxx6d,u0Ao8vofaj’]5j,oUG { .-hlP,05fcpd|+.sh0kfvvd9kd8Qoc,jraoS dko05fcpd|+muxj kf0kf9kd8Qoc,rj ao { .-h,uf7q,M xkf|+mu8j yfda[8Qoc,rj ao.sh0kfvvd9kddaoS dko.-h,ufxkf|+muj8yf8Qoc,jrao { 8afIkdmu8j yf,kda[|+4Y,S dko8afIkd   33

{ 4hk|+,u.[8yf,ks^kp7;o8af.[4Y,grnvj xhv’daodko7kpoED ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ dko8af.[ c]t ]e8Qo 0D ;ymux6d { gvqkwxx6d.ork-totF 05,x6d c]t |kox6dmudj P,w;hD dkox6d8Qow,h.ork-tot   34

&D# 95ffu c]t 95fvjvo.odkox6dfh;p;ymuc[’j sq; s^n cpd|+ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ dD95ffu { 9twfhIa[raornfmu,j u]adltotdq’8k,lkpraogfu,m5d1jk’S { x6d’jkpd;jkdkox6drnfvnoj M grkt.-hsq; s^n |+x6d3fpdq’S { .shzqozt]yffuD 0D95fvjvo { x6dwfhgmnjv]t|hvpS { glp7kj .-h9jkps^kpd;jkD *D dko[q;]t[afIadlkrnfzadmuxj 6dfh;psq; s^n |+ dD dkosqfoE .odkosqfoErnfzadgrnvj .sh,u7;k,-5,j 16jltg\\uoAo 7;osqfoE.shs^kp.ow]pt mevyf0v’dkox6d c]t ]tf6c]h’D le]a[.o]tf6/qo,u7;k,-5,j rP’r= 7;os^5fzjvo dkosqfoE]q’D 0D dko.lj/5oj dko.lj/5jo8hv’.sh4ndda[w]ptdko9tg]uog8u[38 c]t .l8j k,7;k,8hv’dko 0v’rnfzadD ltoAogIqk7;og]nvd/5oj fa’j oUG /5jo7vdF /5jog7,uF /5jooE-u;trk[ c]t /5jo\\ad8k,g’njvow0muj,u.oc8j]tmhv’4yoj D /5jooE-u;trk[ /5jo\\ad-toyfoE   35

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{ oewxlufrqoj rnfzadwfhfu3fpltgrktda[[qj’7n[S { 4hkgvqk,kxtlq,da[oExt,ko $WW ]yf lk,kfw]jc,’w,hmuj,k]q[d;o Xluf ! 7A’ lk,kfd5h,wfh !& ;ao?D 7e4k, !D ;ymucpd|+0v’rnf grnvj oewxx6d[+7;o.-h,uf7q,M xkf|+mu8yfda[8Qoc,jrao.sh 0kfvvd9kddao4nd sn^ zyfL dD 4nd 0D zyf @D 9q’j 9a[76dj kooe.-hv5xtdvo.odkox6dF .lj/j5o c]t c[’j sq;L X.sh0Po8q;g]d.l[j vj o DDDDDDDDDDD? DDDDDDDDdD v5xtdvo.l/j 5jo c]t xhv’daolaf86 !D 9qd DDDDDDDD0D rk-tot.odkox6d @D 75 ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ DDDDDDDD7D v5xtdvo.odkox6d #D ,uf DDDDDDDD’D v5xtdvole]a[c[’j sq; s^n cpd|+ $D -k, #D dkode9aflaf86rnfzadxtgrf[Q’gIqk7;ogIafco;.fL X.sh\\kp 3 .lj rP’ ! 0=h?D dD gvqk,n9a[vvd 0D .-hlkog7,u 7D .-h/5jo7vd ’D 4nd\\qfm5d0=h   37

ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ [qfmu _ dkogda[d6h c]t 9e|kj prnfzad !D dkogda[d6h rnfmujx6dfh;psq; s^n |+rkps^a’murj nf,udko0tspkp8q;g8a,muj g\\ktcddj kogda[ d6hc]h; gIqk7;ogvqk.9.l7j n G dD v5xtdvogda[d6h gIqk8hv’dtdP,v5xtdvo c]t rk-tot.odkogda[d6hrnfzad.shIP[Ihvp g-yj’,u fa’j oUG ,uf8afF ,ufF dt8kj F rhk c]t lP,D ,uf rhk lP, 0D ;ymudkogda[d6h { dkogda[d6hrnfmuxj 6dfh;psq; s^n |+ l;j os^kpc,oj gda[d6h.og;]k8vog-Qk grkt;jk9t wfhzad’k,S { dkogda[d6hzadlj;os^kpc,jogda[gvqkl;j omugj xaopvfvjvo grnjvwxx5’c8’j vkskoF .shxtl;j omujgxao8Qow;h grnjv.shc8dpvf.\\jwfhvuds^kpM 7A’S { dkogda[d6hrnfmugj xaosq; s^n gxao|+ grnjvIa[xtmko s^n x6d c,jo.-hlP,05f s^n .-h,uf xkfgvqk lj;omucj dlj k,kfIa[xtmko s^n lk,kfx6dwfFh .shxtl;j omuvj vj ow;hgrnjv.sh c8dpvf s^n sq;8+wxD dkogda[d6hrnfzad   38

ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ7D s^a’dkogda[d6h s^a’dkogda[d6hgIqk7;oxt8y[affa'j oUG { gIaf7;k,ltvkfrnfzadG ]hk’rnfzadfh;poEltvkf grnjv]hk’0U/5oj s^n 0Ufyo c]t c,’w,h vkf9t8yf,kda[rnfzadS { 8afc8’j gvqk.[F pvfF 8QoF sq; c]t Ikdmuj[+’k,vvdS { 7af0t|kf.sh16j # ]tfa[G .spjF dk’F ohvp c]t 9afxtgrfG ’k,s^kpF xkodk’ c]t r=.-hwfhS { [ao95.ljsu[s+ 9af]P’.lj4q’1k’ c]t 9af]P’.sh9q[’k,D @D dko9e|kj p rnfmujx6dfh;psq; s^n |+ s^a’9kdzkj o0t[;odko,afF [ao95.lsj u[s+c]h;lk,kf lq’j 0kp.o8ts^kf grnjv9e|jkpgxao8QoG { dko9e|jkp.shz6h[=]y3rd3fpdq’F z6hx6dwx0kp.o8ts^kffh;p8qogv’S { dko9e|jkpzjkor+7hk{c,j7hkc,oj z6hx6d[+lk,kfwx0kpfh;p8qogv’wfhg-y’j dko9e |jkpc[[ouh9twfh]k7k0hvo0hk’8OS { dko9e|jkpzkj od5,j dtlyde s^n zjkolt,k7q,dkozt]yf0v’[hko c,jod5,j dtly de s^n d5,j zt]yfxt9e[hko gxaoz6h];[];,zqozt]yfgv’ grnjvIa[xtdao75ootrk[ lyo7hk c]t 9twfh7jk8v[cmos^kpS { dko9e|jkpc[[laopk];j ’|hkgxaodkolaopkw;hdjvo];j ’|hk]ts;kj ’z6hx6dc]t z6h-N .odko9e|jkpc[[oU z6hx6dlk,kf,u8ts^kfIv’Ia[ c]t wfh]k7kfuD   39

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