Written Proposal - Group 3

Exhibit Action Plan Content Specialists : Lacoste, Liezel Group 3 - STEM 6 CAHILL Nilama, Anika Members: Project Manager : Designers : Ordonez, Von Garcia, Viencee Rungduin, Julia Content Interpreters : Bueno, Victorino Joeshua Baja, Gwyneth A Compressor-Extractor Machine Able to Produce a Disinfectant Agent from Plastic Theme: “Health and Sanitation” Objectives: · To improve safety in terms of health and sanitation in a community where it will refine every individual’s lifestyle. · To present the capabilities and skills of every STEM professional in protecting the environment and promoting a better world. · To establish and preserve in all human settlements a clean, healthy and friendly physical environment. · To protect health and to improve life-spans. · To promote healthcare and proper sanitation that will assist individuals especially in this time of pandemic. I. Introduction Health and sanitation is really important nowadays especially that there is pandemic going on. The STEM students, as innovators, find efficient and effective ways on how they can solve the different kinds of problems about health and sanitation specifically garbage disposal and to have purified drinking water. The innovators are to create a disinfectant agent out of plastic wastes. This innovation will have a lot of benefits especially in community welfare. While this requires gathering of plastic wastes that are

not good for our environment, we can also make a disinfectant agent that can rid the water of any diseases/contaminants that infest it. Through this, plastic waste is minimized and controlled and along with, a disinfectant agent is created that can clean our water effectively. Introduction and Overview of Health and Sanitation (Von Ordonez) Health and sanitation is one of the most important aspects of community well-being because it protects human health, extends life spans, and is documented to provide benefits to the economy. Sanitation of things like toilets, latrines, mechanized wastewater treatment, is currently deployed as a way to contain and treat human excreta and in some cases grey water to protect human health and the environment including water bodies that are sources for drinking water. One key goal of health and sanitation is to safely reduce human exposure to pathogens. Pathogens are excreted by infected individuals and if not properly contained or treated, may present a risk to humans who come in contact with them. These individuals can also be exposed to pathogens through drinking water or eating food contaminated with pathogens found in human excreta. This will be the topic that our group will be tackling. II. Related Literature Garbage compression is a mechanism by which a lot of waste is minimized to a smaller, more compressed unit using a specialized waste compacting system. Advanced trash compression systems for industrial companies and other organizations that generate a lot of garbage may have a number of advantages that go above and beyond the traditional means of disposal. The benefits are: Reduces Safety, Health, and Security Risks. Decreasing the number of garbage in the premises eliminates the dangers associated with pollution. Piles of recycled boxes and litter can pose risks of trip or burn, while garbage bins full of rotting food waste can attract insect pests and disease-carrying rodents. If your garbage is vulnerable to \"dumpster divers,\" compression can also minimize the risk that human predators can pilfer discarded objects from your trash. Reduces Impact on Local Communities and Ecosystems. A lower actual amount of garbage means that it takes up less space in a landfill and, of course, the less dump space used, the less natural land municipal municipalities would have to convert into new dumpsites. Compressed garbage is often less vulnerable to leakage or wind blowing, minimizing the risk that it may clutter the surrounding area or contaminate the environment.

\"Chlorine-based disinfectants are very effective against a wide range of viruses and bacteria, and under the right conditions even parasites,\" says Mary Ostrowski, senior director of chlorine issues at the American Chemistry Council. Though chlorine can kill most of the germs, it doesn’t always work immediately. That’s why it works well for systems like pools and water tanks which allow the chlorine to settle in water over time. The goal of disinfection of public water supplies is the elimination of the pathogens that are responsible for waterborne diseases. The transmission of diseases such as typhoid and paratyphoid fevers, cholera, salmonellosis, and shigellosis can be controlled with treatments that substantially reduce the total number of viable microorganisms in the water. Chlorination is the most widely used method for disinfecting water supplies in the United States. The near universal adoption of this method can be attributed to its convenience and to its highly satisfactory performance as a disinfectant, which has been established by decades of use. It has been so successful that freedom from epidemics of waterborne diseases is now virtually taken for granted. As stated in Drinking Water and Health (National Academy of Sciences, 1977), \"chlorination is the standard of disinfection against which others are compared.\" III. Oral Presentation Problem (Julia) One of the problems that we are continuously facing is poor waste management and sanitation. It was recorded that tons of garbage are being disposed of in the Philippines. The particular reasons for this circumstance are rising population, improvement of living standards, rapid economic growth and industrialization in the urban areas. Those garbages often came due to the modernized lifestyle people have nowadays and The major source of waste in the Philippines is the household waste which is 74% of it. And for all the garbage collected in the country, the landfills in the Philippines are the ones that are being filled with garbage waste. Having this as a problem can lead to different negative effects such as pollution and contamination that may cause harm to the environment and its people. An example of these repurcussions is contaminated water that can shelter bacteria which can produce various infectious diseases, some of these water-borne diseases are Typhoid, Cholera, Paratyphoid Fever, Amoebiasis, Malaria, and the like.

Also, chemicals in the water has a negative effects in the health of people, pesticides that can cause cancer because of carbonates, arsenic causes skin cancer and liver damage, lastly fluorides immoderate amounts that will lead to a yellow teeth and can cause damage to the spinal cord Information about content of plastics that can be used for disinfectants (Liezel) Chlorine is one of the most common industrial chemicals which are one of the key ingredients used to manufacture different types of plastics like Polyvinyl chloride or often referred to as PVC. PVC is a synthetic resin made from the polymerization of vinyl chloride. It is lightweight, rigid plastic in its form that is manufactured in a flexible plasticized form. It is a chemical compound that can also be used in producing disinfectant liquid especially in water disinfection. Chlorine based disinfectants can be applied for the deactivation of most microorganisms and it is also relatively cheap compared to other disinfectants. The advantage of chlorine is its broad microbicidal spectrum, while disadvantages include corrosive and irritant properties at high concentrations, potential surface staining, inactivation by organic matter, as well as rapid chlorine decay in solution for some chlorine compounds. Why innovate? (Viencee) This is to have a wider knowledge on how this will work and its effect on the community. This innovation would surely prove its efficiency by producing the disinfectant agent out of plastic wastes since every individual relies on their health. Improved and developed innovations would assist each person to ameliorate their lifestyles. Involving oneself to this innovation would help her/him to avoid various health complications. People should engage in this innovation considering that this would refine their life situations since some are in a habit of using and drinking from tap water which causes hindrances such as metal poisoning and cancer. Process (VJ) In order to produce the disinfectant agent out of plastic wastes, the process will all start with the manual segregation of plastics to be put inside the mechanism. Plastics that were separated will undergo the first step which is compression. The compressor will be made up of aluminum. Simultaneously, the red part of the model as we see is the mechanism's way to heat up the contents inside the mechanism as they undergo compression. Through this, we will be able to draw out the liquid contents that the plastic might contain. We chose aluminum for our compressor so that it can conduct heat.

Aluminum may have less heat conductivity than copper, but we also considered its weight, which is 30% lighter than copper, and aluminum is generally more inexpensive than copper. The liquid material will now seep out of the compressor, through a strainer that is presented as the color silver in our model, this strainer allows all types of liquids to pass through, but most solids will not be able to. As it travels to the second container, they will now go through the second process, the extraction in which contents of chlorine from the liquid content will be separated to be used as the disinfectant liquid that our product will offer. How does it help the community? (Gwyn) Our innovation can help the community very well, as the growing waste population can be minimized. If this innovation is implemented, it would be constructed near water sources and suppliers so that once the disinfectant liquid is created, it can be easily delivered to the water supply of the entire community, for better sanitation. For our liquid disinfectant, it can help us avoid the bacteria found in the water. The transmission of diseases such as typhoid, cholera, salmonellosis, and shigellosis can be controlled and minimized. The product is going to clear and disinfect our water, and in that instant water will be safer because there will be less bacteria that infect it. A lot of people in our society will benefit from this innovation and product that will be created. At the same time, the community’s overall waste disposal is handled efficiently as well. Features of the product (Anika) The process is well capable of compressing the collected plastic materials and extraction of chlorine to produce a purifier for water sources. The whole process is convenient as it takes minimal effort to produce the desired product. Everything that is included in the whole process is beneficial to consumers. It lessens waste by converting it into a usable form, and improves sanitation through the product it creates. Waste reduction is now a must in order to maintain balance in our intake and wastes. It promotes a clean and waste reduction practice that everyone must observe. III. Conclusion (Viencee) To sum everything that has been stated, this innovation is not only about filtering a decontaminated water, rather this also complies segregation of plastics. It is one way of saving our environment as well as the society. There are a lot of non biodegradable wastes that are being scattered everywhere and by this, we could turn those into a helpful

and sensible way. Each individual would benefit from our product as we offer secured better sanitation and safeness. Drinking from tap water could cause various health complications along with the lines of cancer, metal poisoning, and can be exposed to asbestos. It is better to undertake matters than to regret having diseases from drinking unsafe water. We, as innovators, believe that this innovation would have a big impact on each person considering that one of the most important things that we need to sustain is by having a healthy lifestyle. This would work by putting plastics inside into the machine that will lead into heat and compression which will segregate plastic contents. Through this, the liquid that came from the segregation would go into a second process which will extract the chlorine from the liquid content where it would be used to disinfect tap water. Lives should not be put at risk considering there are alternatives that would help to ameliorate people’s lifestyles. Health is what makes everyone safe and through this machine, implementing this would substantiate that this product is beneficial and brings health-giving sanitation. IV. Design of Innovation

V. References Global Trash Solutions. (July 06, 2019). The Benefits of Trash Compaction Services. Retrieved from: https://globaltrashsolutions.com/blog/the-benefits-of-trash- compaction-services/ Anonymous. (N,D). Is Your Water Clean? Retrieved from: https://www.theworldcounts.com/stories/how-does-water-pollution-affect-humans Ehrlich, B. (April 2, 2019). Chlorine and Plastic: Part Two. Retrieved from: https://www.buildinggreen.com/newsbrief/chlorine-and-plastic-part-two National Research Council (US) Safe Drinking Water Committee. Drinking Water and Health Volume 2 Book Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK234590/ Kennedy, M. (January 1, 2021). Chlorine Can Kill Germs On Surfaces, But It's More Effective At Cleaning Water— Here's Why Chlorine Is Better Off In Your Pool. Retrieved from: https://www.insider.com/does-chlorine-kill-germs-and-viruses