7thgradeFlipBookDanielR.P.3A

Daniel RoseroP3.A Systems of the Human Body By: Daniel Rosero

Table of ContentsIntegumentary System:Musculoskeletal System:Nervous System:Special Senses System:Cardiovascular SystemRespiratory System:Digestive SystemUrinary System:Reproductive System:

Integumentary System:Function: T​ he integumentary system is pretty much the skin. It is responsible for protecting thebody and fighting off against infections from the outside world. It does this by having differentlayers in the skin which all work together to protect the inner parts of the body. The skin alsosweats which is a form of cooling the body down and in the process excretes waste.Vocabulary​:Epidermis: ​the outer layer of cells covering an organism, in particular.Dermis: ​the thick layer of living tissue below the epidermis that forms the true skinHair: U​ sed for protection of the skinNails: ​Sheet of protection for fingersPore:​ ​opening in a surface in which gases, liquids, or particles can pass.Sensory Nerve: ​ a nerve that carries sensory information toward the central nervous systemReticular Layer:​ ​the lower layer of the dermis, found under the dermisDiseases/ Disorders:Warts:​A small, fleshy bump on the skin caused by human virusAcne:​ ​inflamed or infected sebaceous glands in the skinProfessions:Dermatologists: D​ octors who deal with skin diseases such as skin cancer, Warts, Acne etc.Clinical Esthetician: ​ A more specialized form of dermatologists. Perform advanced facesurgery.

Labeled System: Table of Contents

Musculoskeletal System​:Function:​ T​ he musculoskeletal system is responsible for the movement of the body.It does this by the use of bones and connecting them to muscle which allows them tomove and rotate.Vocabulary:Bone:​ D​ ense, hard connective tissue composing the skeleton.Calcium: O​ ne of the minerals in the bone which give it strengthCartilage: F​ lexible, rubbery connective tissuecranial bones: S​ kull bones: ethmoid, frontal, occipital, parietal, sphenoid, and temporalDiaphysis:​ ​Shaft, or mid-portion, of a long bone.Epiphysis: E​ ach end of a long bone; the area beyond the epiphyseal plate.Fissure: N​ arrow, slit-like opening in or between bones.Diseases/Disorders:Arthritis: ​An infection or injury to the jointsOsteoporosis:​ A condition in which bones become weak and brittle.HealthCare Careers:Chiropractor: ​A doctor who focuses on the diagnosis of neuromuscular disorders. Mainly focuson the back or vertebrae and other places a patient may experience painOrthopedics: t​ he branch of medicine dealing with the correction of deformities of bones ormuscles.

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Nervous System:Function: ​The nervous system is responsible for the body to al work together. It is oneof the most important systems in the body because it allows the body to communicateall as one unit. The main center of control is the brain the nervous system.Vocabulary:Brain: ​main organ in the nervous system. Controls the body and its functions.Nerve: b​ undle of fibers that transmits impulses of sensation to the brainAxon: t​ he long threadlike part of a nerve cell along which impulses are conductedSpinal Cord: ​ the large group of nerves which runs through the center of the spine and carriesmessages between the brain and the rest of the bodyCerebrum: t​ he principal and most anterior part of the brain in vertebratesHypothalamus: ​a region of the forebrain below the thalamus that coordinates both theautonomic nervous system and the activity of the pituitarySciatic Nerve:​ ​The largest nerve in the body,Neuron: a​ specialized cell transmitting nerve impulses; a nerve cell.Disease/Disorder:Alzheimer's:​ A​ progressive disease that destroys memory and other important mentalfunctions.Parkinson: A​ disorder of the central nervous system that affects movement, often including tremors.Health Careers:Neurologist: ​Physician who specializes in n​ eurology, the scientific study of the nervous system;does not perform surgeryNeurosurgeon: ​Another branch form of neurologist who specializes only in surgical procedure

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Special Senses System:Function: ​ The special senses system is basically your five senses. They are responsible forthe interaction with the outside world in the manner of visualizing, touching, hearing, smelling,and tasting.Vocabulary:Audiometry:​ the use of an audiometer to measure hearingConjunctiva:​ the transparent membrane that lines the underside of each eyelidCornea: t​ he transparent outer surface of the eye covering the iris and pupilEardrum: ​a membrane of the middle ear that vibrates in response to sound waves; thetympanic membrane.Eyeball: ​a 1-inch sphere with only about one-sixth of its surface visibleHertz:​a measure of sound frequency that determines how high or low a pitch itInner Ear:c​ ontains the sensory receptors for hearing and balanceDiseases/Disorders:Blindness:​ ​ the inability to see; a person is legally blind when his or her best-corrected vision isreduced to 20/200 or lessDeafness:t​ he complete or partial loss of the ability to hearHealth Careers:Audiologist: ​ Determines if you have hearing loss or an ear infection/diseaseOptometrist: E​ xamines the eyes and tests your eyesight

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Cardiovascular SystemFunction: ​The cardiovascular system is the system that deals with the circulation ofblood in the human body. It carries nutrients throughout the body and supplies all theorgans with blood.Vocabulary:Heart: ​A muscle or organ which pumps blood to the bodyVein: ​Carries blood towards the heartArtery: C​ arries blood away from the heartCapillary:​ Small valves which cover surface of organsBlood: ​liquid substance which carries nutrients and oxygen through the bodyCirculation: m​ ovement of fluid to and from somethingBlood Type: ​AB, B, A, O, Defined by protein in bloodBlood Cells: ​Cells that specialize in different actions or functions in the bloodDiseases/Disorders:High Blood Pressure: T​ he force of blood flow is too high towards the wallCardiac Arrest: ​Sudden unexpected function of the heartHealthcare Careers:Cardiologist: ​Specializes in the organ of the heart and seeing if it works properlyCardiovascular Surgeon: ​Surgeon which does surgery on the heart

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Respiratory System:Function: T​ He respiratory system is responsible for the body's supply of oxygen. Its mainorgan is the kung which is responsible for the exchange of carbon dioxide to oxygen. Oxygen isimportant to the body because without it organs would fail and blood would be uselessVocabulary:Lung: T​ he main organ in the respiratory system. Contracts and expands when taking air inBronchiole: ​Tube inside the lungs. Connected to the alveoli.Trachea: ​The tubular structure that connects the lungs to the esophagus.Alveoli: S​ mall grape like structures which absorb oxygen and exchange it for CO2Inhale: T​ he process of intaking air through the nose or mouthExhale: T​ he process of breathing air out. Breathes carbon dioxide outDiaphragm: M​ uscle responsible for contracting in order to push air out of bodyNose: ​Not only responsible for smelling but also for the intake of oxygen for the bodyDeoxygenated: ​To have a lack of oxygenDiseases/Disorders:Asthma: r​ espiratory condition. spasms in the bronchi of the lungs,difficulty in breathing.Obstructive pulmonary disease: ​inflamed and easily collapsible airways, obstruction toairflowHealthcare Careers:Respiratory Therapist: d​ iagnose breathing problems and suggest treatment options topatients.Pulmonologist:​specialized in diagnosing and treating patients with lung problems anddiseases.

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Digestive SystemFunction: T​ he digestive system is responsible for feeding your body. It collaborates with thecirculatory system in transporting nutrients and after all the food is processed it is excreted inthe form of pooping and peeingVocabulary:Large Intestine: A​ bsorbs water of food or substance being digestedSmall Intestine: ​ Absorbs the nutrients of the food which are sent to the bloodstreamRectum: ​Last part of the digestive system. Secretes waste produced by digestionBile: T​ he state which food is in after the stomach has broken it downStomach: ​First part of digestion. Breaks food down into bile to be processedGallbladder: ​Stores bile which is produced by the liverEsophagus: A​ fter leaving the mouth goes down the esophagus which leads to the stomachMouth: R​ esponsible for mechanically breaking down food through the form of chewingSaliva: ​The chemical substance which breaks down food and makes it softer to chewDigestion: ​ The process of breaking, absorbing, and processing foods through the intestinesDiseases and Disorders:Gallstones: A​ hardened deposit within the fluid in the gallbladder, a small organ under theliver.Ulcerative Colitis:​ A​ chronic, inflammatory bowel diseaseHealthcare Careers:Gastroenterology: C​ oncentrate on the whole digestive tract and its diseasesOncologists: ​Deal with cancer which many cancers occur in the digestive tract

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Urinary System:Function: ​The function of the urinary system is to excrete the waste of the bodyproduced in the form of liquid. Pee is mostly water but with toxins from the body whichclean the body.Vocabulary:Bladder:​ sac in humans in which urine is collected for excretion.Ureter: t​ ube that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder.Urethra:​ duct through which urine is dischargedKidney: p​ air of organs in the abdominal cavity that excrete urinePee: ​Slang term for the substance excreted as waste through the urethraFiltration: ​the process whereby fluids pass through a filter or a filtering mediumUrea: W​ aste product formed in the liverIncontinence: i​ nvoluntary urination or poopingDiseases/Disorders:Urinary tract infections: ​ Bacteria enters through the urethra and affects the bladderProstatitis: T​ he inflammation of prostate gland. Mostly occurs in menHealthcare Careers:Urologists: ​Provide surgical and medical treatments for urinary tract problemsGynecologists: ​medical practice dealing with the health of the female reproductivesystems

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Reproductive System:Function: ​ The function of the reproductive system is to make babies.Vocabulary:Penis: ​Male organ responsible for reproducingVagina: ​ Female organ responsible for transporting seed to ovary and reproductionOvary: F​ emale organ which produces eggs for spermSperm: ​Male cell responsible for fertilizing female egg.Eggs: ​A limited amount of eggs in the female body responsible for development of thefetusTesticles: ​Male organ which produces sperm cells for later useProstate Gland: a​ gland surrounding the neck of the bladder in male and releasing prostaticfluid.Breasts: F​ emale organ which is responsible for providing nutrition for already bornbabyFallopian Tube: ​pair of tubes along which eggs travel from the ovaries to the uterus.Diseases/Disorders:Prostate Cancer: ​Cancer concentrated in the prostate gland.Testicular cancer: C​ ancer concentrated in the testicles of males. No treatment leads toloss of organHealthcare Careers:Gynecologists: ​ Deal with the inspection and treatment of vaginal diseasesAndrologists: D​ eal with the reproductive system of the male. Treat diseases relatingto the male reproductive organs Table of Contents

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