Health Science Flipbook

Health Science Flipbook By:Ruhan Malik

Key Terms: Integumentary Vocabulary: epidermis: the Derm/o, dermat/o = skin Function: The integumentary system outermost layer of skin Kerat/o = Refers to cornea protects the body from the outside world, Dermis: Contains blood Xer/o = dry and regulates temp. vessels and other things. Xanth/o = Yellow Hypodermis: Innermost erythr/o = red Diseases: layer of skin pedicu/o = Lice Hives- Rash caused by irritants Sudoriferous glands: onych/o = refers to nails Psoriasis- Skin build up causes dry itchy Sweat glands Myc/o = Fungus patches of skin Melanin: pigment pil/o = hair Melanoma- Most serious type of skin Sebaceous Gland: part lip/o = fatty, lipid cancer of hair follicle rhytid/o = wrinkle Acne- Hair follicle gets clogged by an oil Arrector pili muscle: Albin/o = no pigment gland Part of hair follicle Careers: Melanocytes: Cells that Plastic surgeons: Change appearance of a produce melanin person Squamous cells: Found Dermatologist: Diagnose and cure skin in the epidermis. diseases Basal cells: found in the dermis.

Key Terms: Musculoskeletal Vocabulary: My/o= Muscle Joints: Connects bones to Myel/o=bone marrow Function: The system provides support, provide movement oste/o=bone form, stability and movement to the body. Ligament: Connect bone to cost/o=ribs Diseases/disorders: bone crani/o=head Arthritis: Inflammation of the joints Tendon: Connects bone to -pexy=relating to Osteopenia:weakening of the bones muscle :chondr/o=cartilage Osteoma:Tumor of the bone Muscle: used to move the body arthr/o=joint Osteomyelitis:infection of the bone Cartilage: provides cushioning -plegia=weakness Healthcare careers: to bone surfaces kinesi/o=movement Orthopedic surgeon: Treat medical and Axial skeleton: consists of the surgical conditions of the bone. spine that is the axis of the body Physical therapist: Exercises related to Plantar:arch of the foot strengthening of the muscles and joints. Palmar: the palm of the hands Osteoblast:Bone cell Chondroblast:Cartilage cell

Nervous Function: The three main functions Key Terms//Vocab of the nervous system are sensory Careers: near/o= nerve input, integration and motor output. Electroneurodiagnostic encephal/o=brain Diseases/Conditions: technologist: Uses specialized myel/o=spinal cord Hemiplegia:Paralysis of one side of diagnostic equipment to ambul/o=walk the body monitor patients nervous -esthesia=feeling Coma: A state of extended systems. meaning/o=meninges unconsciousness caused by trauma Neurosurgeon: Is a physician psych/o=mind and other things. who specializes in treating concuss/o=shaken together Cerebral Contusion:Bruising in the diseases and conditions of the cerebral tissue nervous system. Astrocytoma: Tissue of the neuroglial tissue. Vocab:Neuron: nerve cell Nerve impulse: electrochemical process that communicates within the nervous system dendrite: part of the neuron that receives input from other neurons axon: Carrie's nerve impulses away from the cell body of a neuron Peripheral Nervous system: consists of a network of nerves that Branch out from the central nervous system and connect to the rest of the body Cerebrum: large part of the brain that controls movement the senses speech and abstract thought reflex: unconscious response that helps protect the body brain: located in the skull has three main regions cerebrum, cerebellum, and brainstem cerebellum: coordinates actions of muscles stimulus: things are senses pick up on

Key Terms/Vocab: Special senses Irid/o= iris -Cusus= hearing Function: Involved in the nervous Careers: -Opia= vision condition system function of sensory output. Optometrist: is responsible for performing ot/o= ear These senses monitor stimuli, or eye exams and diagnosing any injuries, tympan/o= eardrum changes in the external or internal impairments, or diseases of eye.\\ ophthalm/o= eye environment. Audiologist:a specialist who works with -metry= process of measuring Diseases/Condition: hearing balance, and related disorders. Nystagmus:Repetitive, usually Audiologist test patients for hearing loss. Vocab:Hearing: the sense by involuntary movements of one or both eyes that results in limited activity which sound is perceived Vision: Glaucoma:Disease in which the act or power of sensing with the intracellular pressure caused damage eyes taste: to distinguish flavor of to the retina and the optical nerve, using the mouth touch:to bring a producing blindness. bodily parts into contact with, Hordeolum:Purulent inflammation of especially so as to perceive through the eyelid gland the tactile sense opthalmo:eye Chalazion:A small, hard, cystic mass on audio: hearing glosso: tongue the eyelid caused by blocked oil gland smell: chemicals are detected by cells in the nose resulting in nerve impulse sent to the brain blepharo: eyelid oto:ear ectasis:dilation

Cardiovascular Key Terms/Vocab: Function: The primary function of the Careers: Cardi/o=heart cardiovascular system is to circulate Cardiologist: A physician who Angi/o=vessel oxygen rich blood throughout the body specialises in the diagnosis and Hem/o-blood Disease/Condition: treatment of heart diseases and brady=slow Flutter: Condition in which the atria beat conditions. tachy=fast more rapidly than the ventricles, causing a Telemetry nurse: Monitors patient’s thrombo=blood clot quivering movement. heart rhythms using equipment. -eima=blood Arrhythmia:Irregular heartbeat leuk/o=white Arteriosclerosis:Condition of erythr/o=red thickening,hardening and loss of elasticity arteri/o=artery in the arterial wall Cardiomyopathy:Condition of diseased muscle Vocab: heart: a hollow, muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body Atrium: each of the two upper chambers of the heart that receives blood ventricle: each of the two lower chambers of the heart valve: a flap of tissue in the heart or vein that prevents blood flow red blood cell: a cell in the bowl I did that takes up oxygen in the lungs and delivers it to they cell platelet: a cell fragment that plays an important part in forming blood clots Lymph node: a small knob of tissue in the lymphatic system that filters lymph artery: a blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart vain: a blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart capillary: A tiny blood vessel where substances are exchanged between blood and the body cells.

Respiratory Function:Inhaling, exchanging harmful carbon dioxide for life-sustaining oxygen Key Terms/Vocab: between the tiny air sacs of the lungs and Careers: Bronch/o=bronchus Perfusionist:Vital part of the surgical Cyan/o=blue the bloodstream, and exhaling old, stale team during open heart surgeries. -Oxia=Oxygen perfusionists work in hospital and in Oxy-=sharp air surgery centers that perform Pleur/o=pleuta Disease/Condition: cardiovascular procedures. Pneum/o=lung Apnea:Temporary interruption of Polomonist:A medical doctor who pulmon/o=lung breathing diagnoses and treats conditions and thorac/o=chest Dyspnea:Difficult or painful breathing diseases of the volumes and of the trach/o=trachea Hyperventilation:condition in which cardiopulmonary system, which breathing is faster and deeper than normal compares the heart, lungs, and Orthopnea:Condition on which breathing blood vessels. becomes easier when the patient is sitting up straight. Vocab: respiration: process where oxygen is sent to the the body breathing: process of bringing in fresh air to the lungs and expelling used air inhale: when fresh air is brought into the lungs exhale: when used air is expelled from the lungs diaphragm: large muscle at the base of the rib cage that contracts to make more room for lungs during inhaling pharynx: throat larynx: voice box trachea: windpipe bronchus: one of the largest air tubes found in the airway after pressing through the trachea epiglottis: the flap that covers the larynx while swallowing food

Key Terms/Vocab: Digestive Careers: Dentist: Specializes in the diagnosis, Cholecyst/o=gallbladder Function: It takes in food, breaks it down prevention, and treatment of enter/o=intestines physically and chemically into nutrients, condition/diseases of the mouth and col/o=colon and then draws nutrients from the food gums. hepat/o=liver into the bloodstream.Materials not Gastroenterologist: A physician who gastro/o=stomach absorbed by the body's cells are excreted specializes in diseases and conditions or/o=mouth through elimination, which is the process of the digestive system. -pepsia=digestion of removing waste from the body. chol/o=gall Disease/Condition: proct/o=rectum Hepatitis:Inflammation of the liver Appendicitis: Inflammation of the appendix Bulimia: Vomiting Cirrhosis: Scarring of the liver due to alcohol, drugs, or a virus such as hepatitis. Vocab:Peristalsis: wave-like motions that squeeze food through the digestive tract enzymes: chemicals that speed up reactions nutrients: substances that provide energy necessary Versailles mechanical digestion: breaking crushing and mashing of food chemical digestion: large molecules are broken into smaller molecules by chemicals esophagus: muscular tube that leads from the mouth to the stomach stomach: a j-shaped pouch that is made of smooth muscle, made for digestion absorption: process by which nutrients pass through the walls of the digestive system saliva: Fluid produced in the salivaRY gland and released in the mouth to aid in digestion epiglottis: flap of tissue that blocks the trachea, stopping the food from entering the lungs

Urinary Key Terms/Vocab: Function:The major filtering system for Careers: your body. It also aids the cardiovascular Urologist:Specializes in diseases of -cele:hernia system by cleaning the blood of metabolic the urinary system and the male -lysis:breakdown waste and by flushing excess fluids from reproductive tract Cyst/o:cyst the body. nephr/o:kidney Disease/Condition: Dialysis technician:Operate ren/o:kidney Dysuria: Difficult or painful urination machines that remove metabolic -uria:urine Enuresis:Involuntary discharge of urine waste products and excess fluid -pexy:surgical fixation Polyuria:Condition of excess urine from the blood of the patients -ectasis:vomiting production whose kidneys are not functioning urin/o:urine Cystocele: Herniation of the bladder properly through the vaginal wall in females. Vocab:Nephron: the units in the kidney that filters blood urination: process of expelling urine from the body urea: One of the most important substances removed by nephrons excretion: process of removing waste products from the body antidiuretic hormone: hormone that signals the kidneys to take water to the bloodstream ureter: tube where urine leaves the kidneys kidney stones: waste collection side of the kidneys interfering with urine flow causing pain bladder: where you in a store kidney: Pair of organs that filter water and waste from the blood Diuretic: causes the kidneys to make more urine

Reproductive Key Terms: Function: To produce egg and sperm cells. Careers: cervic/o:cervix To transport and sustain these cells. Top Doula:Professional who has been sapling/o:fallopian tubes nurture the developing offspring. trained and certified to assist a birth ov/o:egg Disease/Condition: and family before, during, and oophor/o:testicle Oligospermia: A condition of an immediately after birth of the baby men/o:menstruation abnormally low amount of sperm in the OB/GYN:A OB is a medical mamm/o:breasts semen specialist who provides healthcare gynec/o:female reproductive Chlamydia: Bacterial infection for women during pregnancy, colp/o:vagina Infertility:Inability to produce offsprings. childbirth and the postnatal period. A prostat/o:prostate gland Menorrhagia:Excessive menstrual GYN is a medical specialist who bleeding; may lead to anemia. focuses on the care of the female reproductive organs and the treatment of associated disorders Vocab:Sperm:male sex cellEgg:femal sex cell Fertilization: process process in which a sperm cell unites with an egg cell testes:the male reproductive organ that produces sperm hormones: mechanical made in one part of the body that affects the activities of cells in other parts of their bodies ovary: the female reproductive organ that produces sex fallopian tube: the organ of the female reproductive system that transports eggs from the ovary to the uterus uterus: the organ of the female reproductive system that holds and nourishes a growing fetus Vagina: structure of the female reproductive system through which a baby exist the mother body cavity during birth also called the birth canal Zygote: A new celformen when an egg cell is fertilized.