20190722-mo-singto-forest-dynamics-plot

CONTENT Appendix 1 ABBREVIATIONS Habit annual A evergreen E deciduous D tree T (ET = evergreen tree, DT = deciduous tree) Tl = treelet shrub S herb H epilithic Epl epiphyte Ep hemiepiphyte or “strangler” HEp vine V woody climber WC evergreen climber EC scandent Sc creeper Cr parasitic Par bryophyte Bry Material flower fl fruit fr immature fruit imfr sporangium spor seedling sdl 390

List of associtated flora from the Mo Singto CONTENT Plot by growth form Appendix 2 List of associtated flora from the Mo Singto Plot by growth form Species Family PTERIDOPHYTA Polypodiaceae Epiphytes Aspleniaceae Aglaomorpha coronans Aspleniaceae Asplenium apogamus Aspleniaceae Asplenium confusum Aspleniaceae Asplenium crinicaule Aspleniaceae Asplenium nidus var. nidus Polypodiaceae Asplenium tenerum Polypodiaceae Belvisia mucronata var. mucronata Polypodiaceae Drymoglossum piloselloides Hymenophyllaceae Drynaria rigidula Polypodiaceae Hymenophyllum polyanthos Polypodiaceae Leptochilus ellipticus Polypodiaceae Polypodium subauriculatum Polypodiaceae Pyrrosia lanceolata Vittariaceae Pyrrosia lingua var. heteractis Vittariaceae Vittaria elongata Vittaria flexuosa Davalliaceae Gleicheniaceae Climbers, creepers, vines Athyriaceae Davallia divaricata Lindsaeaceae Dicranopteris curranii Lomariopsidaceae Diplazium donianum Schizaeaceae Lindsaea odorata Dennstaedtiaceae Lomariopsis linearis Thelypteridaceae Lygodium flexuosum Thelypteridaceae Microlepia herbacea Thelypteris nudata Cyatheaceae Thelypteris terminans Cyatheaceae Trees, treelets Marattiaceae Cyathea lateborosa Hymenophyllaceae Cyathea podophylla Dicksoniaceae Ground epilithic herbs Angiopteris evecta Cephalomanes obscurum var. siamense Cibotium barometz 391

CONTENT Appendix 2 Species Family Diplazium subintegrum Athyriaceae Diplazium tomentosum Athyriaceae Leptochilus macrophyllus var. pedunculata Polypodiaceae Lindsaea ensifolia ssp. ensifolia Lindsaeaceae Nephrolepis cordifolia Oleandraceae Pleocnemia irregularis Dryopteridaceae Pteris decrescens Pteridaceae Pteris ensiformis Pteridaceae Pteris grevilleana Pteridaceae Schizaea digitata Schizaeaceae Selaginella helferi Selaginellaceae Selaginella inaequalifolia Selaginellaceae Taenitis blechnoides Parkeriaceae Tectaria fuscipes Dryopteridaceae Tectaria maingayi Dryopteridaceae Thelypteris ciliata Thelypteridaceae Thelypteris papilio Thelypteridaceae Thelypteris triphylla var. triphylla Thelypteridaceae Epilithics Microsorum nigrescens Polypodiaceae Microsorum pteropus Polypodiaceae Microsorumr ubidum Polypodiaceae Microsorum zippelii Polypodiaceae ANGIOSPERMAE Gesneriaceae DICOTYLEDONS Asclepiadaceae Epiphytes Aeschynanthus lineatus Fabaceae (Leguminosae-Mimosoideae) Hoya sp. Fabaceae (Leguminosae-Mimosoideae) Climbers, creepers, vines Fabaceae (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae) Acacia megaladena Fabaceae (Leguminosae-Mimosoideae) Acacia pennata Apocynaceae Abrus pulchellus ssp. pulchellus Apocynaceae Acacia pennata Aganosma harmandiana 392 Aganosma marginata

List of associtated flora from the Mo Singto CONTENT Plot by growth form Species Family Aganosma schlecteriana Apocynaceae Alyxia thailandica Apocynaceae Ampelopsis cantoniensis Vitaceae Ancistrocladus tectorius Ancistrocladaceae Anodendron affine Apocynaceae Anodendron paniculatum Apocynaceae Argyreia brachypoda Convolvulaceae Argyreia obtecta Convolvulaceae Argyreia osyrensis var. osyrensis Convolvulaceae Aristolochia tagala Aristolochiaceae Artabotrys hexapetalus Annonaceae Bauhinia glauca Fabaceae (Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae) Bauhinia involucellata Fabaceae (Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae) Berchemia floribunda Rhamnaceae Bridelia stipularis Phyllanthaceae (Euphorbiaceae) Byttneria pilosa Malvaceae Caelospermum truncatum Rubiaceae Caesalpinia cristata Fabaceae (Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae) Caesalpinia hymenocarpa Fabaceae (Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae) Cajanus scarabaeoides var. scarabaeoides Fabaceae (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae) Callerya cinerea Fabaceae (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae) Callicarpa longifolia var. lanceolaria Verbenaceae Calycopteris floribunda Compositae Cardiospermum halicacabum var. halicacabum Sapindaceae Celastrus approximata Celastraceae Celastrus monospermus Celastraceae Celastrus paniculatus Celastraceae Centrosema pubescens Fabaceae (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae) Chilocarpus denudatus Apocynaceae Chonemorpha fragrans Apocynaceae Chonemorpha megacalyx Apocynaceae Cissus discolor var. discolor Vitaceae Cissus hastata Vitaceae Clematis meyeniana Ranunculaceae Cochlianthus gracilis Fabaceae (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae) Combretum latifolium Combretaceae 393

CONTENT Appendix 2 Species Family Combretum punctatum Combretaceae Coptosapelta flavescens Rubiaceae Cosmostigma racemosa Asclepiadaceae Cruddasia multifoliolata Fabaceae (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae) Cyathostemma micrantha Annonaceae Cyclea atjehensis Menispermaceae Cynanchum fuscatum Asclepiadaceae Dalbergia foliacea Fabaceae (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae) Dalbergia horrida Fabaceae (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae) Dalbergia velutina Fabaceae (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae) Desmos dumosus Annonaceae Diplectria barbata Melastomataceae Diplectria divaricata Melastomataceae Diploclisia glaucescens Menispermaceae Dischidia hirsuta Asclepiadaceae Elaeagnus conferta Elaeagnaceae Embelia cf. kerrii Myrsinaceae Embelia sessiliflora Myrsinaceae Entada rheedii Fabaceae (Leguminosae-Mimosoideae) Epigynum cochinchinensis Apocynaceae Epigynum griffithianum Apocynaceae Erycibe elliptilimba Convolvulaceae Erycibe subspicata Convolvulaceae Erythropalum scandens Olacaceae Euonymus griffithii Celastraceae Fagraea ceilanica Loganiaceae Ficus globosa Moraceae Ficus laevis Moraceae Ficus punctata Moraceae Ficus sagittata Moraceae Ficus villosa Moraceae Fissistigma oblongum Annonaceae Fissistigma parviflorum Annonaceae Gnetum macrostachyum Gnetaceae Gnetum montanum Gnetaceae Gouania leptostachya Rhamnaceae 394

List of associtated flora from the Mo Singto CONTENT Plot by growth form Species Family Grewia acuminata Tiliaceae Gymnema inodorum Asclepiadaceae Gymnema latifolium Asclepiadaceae Gymnema thorellii Asclepiadaceae Hedyotis hedyotidea var. pitardiana Rubiaceae Hymenopyramis siamensis Lamiaceae(Labiatae,Verbenaceae) Hypserpa nitida Menispermaceae Ichnocarpus frutescens Apocynaceae Ichnocarpus polyanthus Apocynaceae Illigera pierrei Hernandiaceae Ipomoea sumatrana Convolvulaceae Ipomoea triloba Convolvulaceae Jasminum decipiens Oleaceae Jasminum elongatum Oleaceae Jasminum lanceolaria Oleaceae Jasminum scandens Oleaceae Linostoma pauciflorum Thymelaeaceae Lonicera siamensis Adoxaceae (Caprifoliaceae) Maclura cochinchinensis Moraceae Melodinus fusiformis Apocynaceae Merremia umbellata ssp. orientalis Convolvulaceae Morinda umbellata Rubiaceae Morinda villosa Rubiaceae Mucuna macrocarpa Fabaceae (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae) Mussaenda cambodiana var. annamensis Rubiaceae Mussaenda parva Rubiaceae Naravelia laurifolia Ranunculaceae Neoalsomitra integrifiolia Cucurbitaceae Neuropeltis racemosa Convolvulaceae Oxyceros longiflora Rubiaceae Paederia scandens Rubiaceae Parameria laevigata Apocynaceae Paramigyna scandens Rutaceae Parthenocissus semicordata Vitaceae Phyllanthus reticulatus Phyllanthaceae (Euphorbiaceae) Piper retrofractum Piperaceae 395

CONTENT Appendix 2 Species Family Piper ribesoides Piperaceae Poikilospermum suaveolens Urticaceae Pottsia laxiflora Apocynaceae Premna corymbosa Lamiaceae(Labiatae,Verbenaceae) Premna flavescens Lamiaceae(Labiatae,Verbenaceae) Pterolobium microphyllum Fabaceae (Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae) Pueraria alopecuroides Fabaceae (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae) Pueraria phaseoloides var. phaseoloides Fabaceae (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae) Quisqualis indica Combretaceae Reissentia indica Celastraceae Rhamnus napalensis Rhamnaceae Rourea minor Connaraceae Roureopsis mimosoides Connaraceae Roureopsis stenopetala Connaraceae Rubus blepharoneurus Rosaceae Sabia limoniacea Sabiaceae Salacia chinensis Celastraceae Schefflera elliptica Araliaceae Spatholobus harmandii Fabaceae (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae) Sphenodesme pentandra Lamiaceae(Labiatae,Verbenaceae) Stephania glabra Menispermaceae Stephania japonica var. discolor Menispermaceae Strophanthus caudatus Apocynaceae Strychnos lanata Loganiaceae Tetracera indica Dilleniaceae Tetracera loureiri Dilleniaceae Tetrastigma aff. cruciatum Vitaceae Tetrastigma aff. pyriforme Vitaceae Tetrastigma harmandii Vitaceae Tetrastigma laoticum Vitaceae Thunbergia geoffrayi Acanthaceae Thunbergia laurifolia Acanthaceae Toddalia asiatica Rutaceae Toxocarpus villosus Asclepiadaceae Trichosanthes ovigera Cucurbitaceae Tridynamia megalantha Convolvulaceae 396

List of associtated flora from the Mo Singto CONTENT Plot by growth form Species Family Tylophora tenuis Asclepiadaceae Uncaria laevigata Rubiaceae Uncaria macrophylla Rubiaceae Uncaria scandens Rubiaceae Urceola micrantha Apocynaceae Uvaria cordata Annonaceae Uvaria dac Annonaceae Uvaria fauveliana Annonaceae Uvaria lurida Annonaceae Ventilago denticulata Rhamnaceae Ventilago harmandiana Rhamnaceae Ventilago leiocarpa Rhamnaceae Vernonia andersonii Compositae Vernonia eberhardtii Compositae Vernonia elaeagnifolia Compositae Vernonia scandens Compositae Vigna dalzelliana var. dalzelliana Fabaceae (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae) Ziziphus oenopolia var. oenopolia Rhamnaceae Zizyphus attopensis Rhamnaceae Trees Acronychia pedunculata Rutaceae Ficus subcordata Moraceae Gmelina arborea Verbenaceae Helicia nilagirica Proteaceae Sorbus corymbifera Rosaceae Sterculia villosa Malvaceae Treelets, shrubs Alchornea trewioides Euphorbiaceae Anaxagorea luzonensis Annonaceae Ardisia crenata var. crenata Myrsinaceae Ardisia helferiana Myrsinaceae Breynia retusa Euphorbiaceae Breynia vitis-idaea Euphorbiaceae Chloranthus erectus Chloranthaceae Citrus auranticum Rutaceae Clerodendrum paniculatum Lamiaceae(Labiatae,Verbenaceae) 397

CONTENT Appendix 2 Species Family Clerodendrum villosum Lamiaceae(Labiatae,Verbenaceae) Debregeasia wallichiana ssp. wallichiana Urticaceae Embelia ribes Myrsinaceae Harpullia arborea Sapindaceae Hedyotis corymbiformis Rubiaceae Ixora nigricans Rubiaceae Litosanthes biflora Rubiaceae Melastoma sanguineum var. sanguineum Melastomataceae Micromelum falcatum Rutaceae Phyllanthus reticulatus Phyllanthaceae (Euphorbiaceae) Phyllanthus roseus Phyllanthaceae (Euphorbiaceae) Psychotria adenophylla Rubiaceae Rubus cochinchinensis Rosaceae Sarcandra glabra ssp. brachystachys var. Chloranthaceae brachystachys Viburnum sambucinum Adoxaceae (Caprifoliaceae) Ground herbs Achyranthes bidentata var. bidentata Amaranthaceae Aeginetia indica Orobanchaceae Ageratum conyzoides Compositae Argostemma neurocalyx Rubiaceae Blumea mollis Compositae Blumea napifolia Compositae Blumeopsis flava Compositae Boehmeria pilosiuscula Urticaceae Borreria alata Rubiaceae Borreria laevis Rubiaceae Borreria repens Rubiaceae Centella asiatica Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) Coldenia procumbens Boraginaceae Crassocephalum crepidioides Compositae Desmodium heterocarpon ssp. angustifolium Fabaceae (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae) Desmodium heterocarpon ssp. heterocarpon- Fabaceae (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae) var. strigosum Desmodium triflorum Fabaceae (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae) 398

List of associtated flora from the Mo Singto CONTENT Plot by growth form Species Family Drymaria diandra Caryophyllaceae Embelia sp. Myrsinaceae Emilia sonchifolia Compositae Epirixanthes elongata Polygalaceae Eupatorium odoratum Compositae Geophilla repens Rubiaceae Gymnostachyum signatum Acanthaceae Hedyotis auricularia Rubiaceae Hedyotis elegans Rubiaceae Hedyotis subcarnosa Rubiaceae Hedyotis wallichii Rubiaceae Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) Hyptis suaveolens Lamiaceae(Labiatae,Verbenaceae) Justicia sp. Acanthaceae Labisia pumila Myrsinaceae Lepidagathis incurva Acanthaceae Lindernia crustacea var. crustacea Scrophulariaceae Lobelia angulata Campanulaceae Lobelia chinensis Campanulaceae Lobelia zeylanica Campanulaceae Mananthes prachinburiensis Acanthaceae Microtoena insuavis Lamiaceae(Labiatae,Verbenaceae) Mimosa pudica var. unijuga Fabaceae (Leguminosae-Mimosoideae) Mitracarpus villosus Rubiaceae Ophiorrhiza hispidula Rubiaceae Oxalis corniculata Oxalidaceae Pellionia latifolia Urticaceae Pellionia repens Urticaceae Peperomia pellucida Piperaceae Peperomia tetraphylla Piperaceae Phyllanthus amarus Phyllanthaceae (Euphorbiaceae) Piper argyrophyllum Piperaceae Piper sarmentosum Piperaceae Polygala chinensis Polygalaceae Polygala triflora Polygalaceae Rhynchoglossum obliquum Gesneriaceae 399

CONTENT Appendix 2 Species Family Rhynchotechum obovatum Gesneriaceae Salomonia cantoniensis var. cantoniensis Polygalaceae Solanum barbisetum Solanaceae Solanum macrodon Solanaceae Staurogyne malaccensis Acanthaceae Staurogyner osulata Acanthaceae Staurogyne setigera Acanthaceae Strobilanthes brandisii Acanthaceae Strobilanthes echinata Acanthaceae Strobilanthes tonkinensis Acanthaceae Strobilanthes urophyllus Acanthaceae Triumfetta pilosa Tiliaceae Urena lobata ssp. lobata var. lobata Malvaceae Utricularia bifida Lentibulariaceae Utricularia minutissima Lentibulariaceae Epiliths Begonia acetosella Begoniaceae Begonia alaecida Begoniaceae Begonia martabanica Begoniaceae Begonia yunnanensis Begoniaceae Hemi parasitic epiphytic shrubs Helixanthera parasitica Loranthaceae Helixanthera pulchra Loranthaceae Macrosolen cochinchinensis Loranthaceae Scurrula parasitica Loranthaceae Viscum orientale Viscaceae Viscum ovalifolium Viscaceae Stranglers Ficus geniculata Moraceae MONOCOTYLEDONS Epiphytes Orchidaceae Abdominea minimiflora Orchidaceae Eria laniceps Orchidaceae Grosourdya appendiculata Orchidaceae Kingidium deliciosum 400

List of associtated flora from the Mo Singto CONTENT Plot by growth form Species Family Oberonia acaulis Orchidaceae Oberonia falcata Orchidaceae Climbers, creepers, vines Calamus palustris var. cochinchinensis Arecaceae (Palmae) Daemonorops jenkinsiana Arecaceae (Palmae) Dioscorea cirrhosa Dioscoreaceae Dioscorea decipiens Dioscoreaceae Pothos chinensis Araceae Rhaphidophora hongkongensis Araceae Smilax corbularia ssp. corbularia Smilacaceae Smilax extensa Smilacaceae Smilax perfoliata Smilacaceae Treelets, shrubs Licuala poonsakii Arecaceae (Palmae) Licuala spinosa Arecaceae (Palmae) Ground herbs Achasma macrocheilos Zingiberaceae Acroseras tonkinense Gramineae Aglaonema simplex Araceae Alocasia grata Araceae Alpinia conchigera Zingiberaceae Alpinia malaccensis Zingiberaceae Alpinia oxymitra Zingiberaceae Amomum aff. krervanh Zingiberaceae Amomum uliginosum Zingiberaceae Amorphophallus putii Araceae Aphyllorchis montana Orchidaceae Arisaema balansae Araceae Arisaema cuspidatum Araceae Axonopus compressus Gramineae Boesenbergia rotunda Zingiberaceae Bothriochloa bladhii Gramineae Brachycorythis helferi Orchidaceae Calanthe lyroglossa Orchidaceae Calanthe triplicata Orchidaceae Carex breviscapa Cyperaceae 401

CONTENT Appendix 2 Species Family Carex continua Cyperaceae Carex cruciata Cyperaceae Centotheca lappacea Gramineae Chrysopogon aciculatus Gramineae Commelina diffusa Commelinaceae Costus speciosus Zingiberaceae Cyperus haspan Cyperaceae Cyperus kyllingia Cyperaceae Cyperusl axus var. laxus Cyperaceae Cyrtococcum patens Gramineae Cyrtosia nana Orchidaceae Didymoplexiopsis khiriwongensis Orchidaceae Donax cannaeformis Marantaceae Elettariopsis unifolia Zingiberaceae Epipogium roseum Orchidaceae Eragrostis geniculata Gramineae Etlingera littoralis Zingiberaceae Fimbristylis acuminata Cyperaceae Fimbristylis aestivalis var. aestivalis Cyperaceae Fimbristylis aestivalis var. esquarrosa Cyperaceae Fimbristylis disticha Cyperaceae Fimbristylis eragrostis Cyperaceae Geostachys smitinandii Zingiberaceae Globba obscura Zingiberaceae Globba schomburgkii var. schomburgkii Zingiberaceae Habenaria lindleyana Orchidaceae Habenaria reniformis Orchidaceae Hylophila lanceolata Orchidaceae Hypolytrum nemorum Cyperaceae Liparis paradoxa Orchidaceae Lophatherum gracile var. gracile Gramineae Ludisia discolor Orchidaceae Mapania tenuiscapa Cyperaceae Ophiopogon longifolius Liliaceae (Agavaceae) Oplismenus compositus Gramineae Ottochloa nodosa Gramineae 402

List of associtated flora from the Mo Singto CONTENT Plot by growth form Species Family Pandanus bifidus Pandanaceae Pandanus ovatus Pandanaceae Panicum brevifolium Gramineae Panicum humile Gramineae Panicum notatum Gramineae Paspalum conjugatum Gramineae Paspalum orbiculare Gramineae Peliosanthes teta ssp. humilis Liliaceae (Agavaceae) Pennisetum polystachyon Gramineae Peristylus lacertiferus Orchidaceae Phrynium capitatum Marantaceae Scleria ciliaris Cyperaceae Scleria levis Cyperaceae Sporobolus indicus var. flaccidus Gramineae Tacca integrifolia Taccaceae Thysanolaena latifolia Gramineae Trichotosia pulvinata Orchidaceae Zeuxine affinis Orchidaceae Zeuxine nervosa Orchidaceae Zingiber sp. Zingiberaceae 403

CONTENT Appendix 3 Appendix 3 Description of pedons on the Mo Singto plot by Department of Land Development Pedon no. 1 (MO 122) 28 January 2005 Horizon A1 Depth (cm) Description A2 Bt1 0–4 Verydark brown(10YR2/2) loam; weak very fine and fine granular structure; friable when moist, slightly sticky and plastic; many Bt2 coarse irregular pores; common coarse roots throughout; strongly acid (fieldpH5.5); clear and smooth boundary to A2. Bt3 Btc4 4–12 Dark brown (10YR3/3) loam; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; firm when moist, moderately sticky R and plastic; many coarse irregular pores; many coarse roots throughout; slightly acid (field pH 6.5); abrupt and wavy boundary to Bt1. 12–24 Brown (7.5YR4/4) very fine sandy clay loam; medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; firm when moist, moderately sticky and plastic; patchy thin cutans on ped faces and inpores; common medium irregular pores; common medium roots throughout; slightly acid (field pH 6.5); gradual and wavy boundary to Bt2. 24–41 Strong brown (7.5YR4/6) very fine sandy clay loam; strong medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; firm when moist, moderately sticky and plastic; broken thin cutans on ped facesand in pores; common medium irregular pores; common medium roots throughout; slightly acid (field pH 6.5); gradual and wavy boundary to Bt3. 41–65 Yellowish red (5YR4/6) clay loam; strong medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; very firm when moist, very sticky and very plastic; broken moderately thick cutans on ped faces and in pores; few fine irregular pores; few medium roots between peds; slightly acid (field pH 6.5); abrupt and wavy boundary to Bt4. 65–70/84 Yellowish red (5YR5/8) very gravelly clay loam; strong medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; very firm when moist, very sticky and very plastic; broken moderately thick cutans on ped faces and inpores; gravels are mainly pseudolaterite diameter 0.2–1.5 cm and common fragments of sand stone diameter1.0–5.0 cm; few fine irregular pores; few medium roots between peds; slightly acid (field pH 6.5); abrupt and irregular boundary to R. 75/84+ Layer of bedrock sandstone. 404

Description of pedons on the Mo Singto plot by CONTENT Department of Land Development Pedon no. 2 (MO 211) 28 January 2005 Horizon A Depth (cm) Description Bt1 0–8 Dark grayish brown (10YR4/2) loam; weak to moderate medium granular and subangular blocky structure; friable when moist, Bt2 slightly sticky and moderately plastic; common medium and coarse dendritic tubular pores; many medium and coarse roots Bt3 throughout; slightly acid (field pH 6.5); abrupt and smooth boundary to Bt1. Bt4 8–26 Brown (10YR5/3) very fine sandy clay loam; moderate to strong medium subangular blocky structure; friable when moist, moderately sticky and plastic; patchy thin cutans on ped faces and inpores; common medium and coarse dendritic tubular pores; many medium and very coarse roots throughout; slightly acid (field pH 6.5); clear and smooth boundary to Bt2. 26–50 Brown (10YR5/3) silty clay loam; common medium distinct brownish yellow (10YR6/6) mottles; strong medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; friable when moist, moderately sticky and plastic; broken moderately thick cutans on ped faces and in pores; common medium and coarse dendritic tubular pores; many medium and coarse roots throughout; slightly acid (field pH 6.5); clear and smooth boundary to Bt3. 50–74 Pale brown (10YR6/3) and light brownish gray (10YR6/2) silty clay; common medium distinct brownish yelow (10YR6/6) and common fine prominent yellowish red (5YR5/6) mottles; strong medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; firm when moist, very sticky and very plastic; continuous thick thick cutans on ped faces and in pores; common fine and medium dendritic tubular pores; common medium and coarse roots throughout; slightly acid (field pH 6.5); clear and smooth boundary to Bt4. 74–80/92 Light brownish gray (10YR6/2) silty clay; common medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR5/8) and few fine prominent red (2.5YR5/6) mottles; strong medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; firm when moist, very sticky and very plastic; continuous thick thick cutans on ped faces and inpores; common fine and medium irregular pores; common fine and medium roots throughout; strongly acid (field pH 5.5); gradual and wavy boundary. 405

CONTENT Appendix 3 Pedon no. 2 (MO 211) 28 January 2005 Horizon Depth (cm) Description Bt5 80/92– Light brownish gray (10YR6/2) silty clay; common medium 121/133 prominent red (2.5YR5/6) and common fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR5/8) mottles; strong medium and coarse sub- angular blocky structure; firm when moist, very sticky and very plastic; continuous thick cutans on ped faces and in pores; few fine and medium irregular pores; few fine roots in mat at top of horizon; strongly acid (field pH 5.5); gradual and irregular boundary to Bt5. BC 121/133–157 Light gray (10YR7/2) very fine sandy clay loam; common medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR5/8) and common medium prominent red (2.5YR5/6) mottles; strong medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; friable when moist, moderately sticky and plastic; broken moderately thick cutans on ped faces and in pores; few fine irregular pores; some fragments of weathered very fine sandstone about10% by volume; strongly acid (field pH 5.5); clear and wavy boundary to CB. CB 157–200 Light gray (10YR7/2) very fine sandy clay loam; common medium distinct brownish yellow (10YR6/8) and common fine prominent red (2.5YR5/6) mottles; strong medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; friable when moist, moderately sticky and plastic; broken thin cutans on ped faces and in pores; few fine irregular pores; about 60% of fragments are very fine weathered sandstone; strongly acid (field pH 5.5). Pedon no. 3 29 January 2005 (Secondary) Horizon Depth (cm) Description A 0–16 Dark grayish brown (10YR4/2) loam; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable when moist, moderately sticky and plastic; many medium and coarse dendritic tubular pores; many medium and very coarse roots throughout; very strongly acid (field pH 5.0); abrupt and smooth boundary to Bt1. 406

Description of pedons on the Mo Singto plot by CONTENT Department of Land Development Pedon no. 3 29 January 2005 Horizon (Secondary) Bt1 Depth (cm) Description Btc2 16–30 Brown (10YR5/3) silty clay loam; strong medium and coarse BC subangular blocky structure; friable when moist, moderately sticky and plastic; patchy thin cutans on ped faces and in pores; CB many medium and coarse dendritic tubular pores; many medium and very coarse roots throughout; very strongly acid (field pH Cr 5.0); abrupt and wavy boundary to Btc2. R 30–43/50 Brown (10YR5/3) extremely gravelly silty clay loam; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable when moist, moderately sticky and plastic; patchy thin cutans on ped faces and inpores; gravels are mainly pseudolaterite diameter 0.2–2.0 cm and few fragments shale diameter 1.0–3.0 cm; mamy fine and medium dendritic tubular and irregular pores; few fine roots throughout; very strongly acid (field pH 5.0); clear and wavy boundary to BC. 43/50–60/70 Brown (7.5YR5/4 and 10YR5/3) extremely gravelly silty clay loam; common fine prominent red (2.5YR5/6) mottles; strong fine and medium subangular blocky structure; firm when moist, very sticky and plastic; patchy thin cutans on ped faces and in pores; about 60% of fragments are shale diameter1.0–3.0 cm many fine and medium irregular pores; few fine roots between peds; strongly acid (field pH 5.5); clear and wavy boundary to CB. 60/70–90 Yellowish brown (10YR5/4), brown (10YR5/3) and red (2.5YR4/6) extremely gravelly silty clay; strong fine and medium subangular blocky structure; firm when moist, very sticky and very plastic; patchy thin cutans on ped faces and in pores; about 70% of fragments are shale diameter 3.0–5.0 cm few fine irregular pores; few fine roots matted around rock fragments; strongly acid (field pH 5.5); abrupt and wavy boundary to Cr. 90–115/120 Layer of weathering shale 115/120+ Layer of bedrock shale 407

CONTENT Appendix 3 Pedon no. 4 (MO 131) 29 January 2005 Horizon A Depth (cm) Description Bt1 0–18 Brown (7.5YR4/3) loam; moderate fine and medium subangular Btc2 blocky structure; friable when moist, slightly sticky and moder- ately plastic; many medium and coarse dendritic tubular pores; Btc3 many medium and very coarse roots throughout; very strongly acid (field pH 5.0); abrupt and smooth boundary to Bt1. BC 18–35 Brown (7.5YR4/4) silty clay loam; moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; firm when moist, very sticky and plastic; broken moderately thick cutans on ped faces and in pores; many medium and coarse dendritic tubular pores; many medium and coarse roots throughout; very strongly acid (field pH 5.0); abrupt and wavy boundary to Btc2. 35–50 Reddish brown to yellowish red (5YR5/4-6) very gravelly silty clay loam; strong fine and medium subangular blocky structure; firm when moist, very sticky and plastic; broken moderately thick cutans on ped faces and in pores; gravels are mainly pseudolaterite diameter 0.5–3.0 cm; common fine and medium dendritic tubular pores; common medium roots throughout ; strongly acid (field pH 5.5); clear and wavy boundary to Btc3. 50–80 Yellowish red (5YR5/6) gravelly silty clay; strong fine and medium subangular blocky structure; firm when moist, very sticky and plastic; broken moderately thick cutans on ped faces and in pores; about 20% of gravels are mainly pseudolaterite diameter 0.5–3.0 cm and some fragments of weathering tuffaceous sand- stone; many fine and medium irregular pores; few fine roots between peds; strongly acid (field pH 5.5); abrupt and wavy boundary to BC. 80–110/120 Yellowish red (5YR5/6) very pale brown (10YR7/4) and red (2.5YR5/6) slightly gravelly silty clay; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; firm when moist, very sticky and plastic; patchy thin cutans on ped faces and in pores; about 50% are weathering tuffaceous sandstone and some fragments of pseudolaterite diameter 0.5–3.0 cm; common fine and medium irregular pores; few fine roots between peds; slightly acid (field pH 6.5); clear and wavy boundary to CB. 408

Description of pedons on the Mo Singto plot by CONTENT Department of Land Development Pedon no. 4 (MO 131) 29 January 2005 Horizon CB Depth (cm) Description Cr 110/120–150 Yellowish red (5YR5/6) light yellowish brown (10YR6/4) and red Pedon no. (2.5YR5/6) slightly gravelly silty clay; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; firm when moist, very sticky and Horizon plastic; patchy thin cutans on ped faces and in pores; about A 60% are weathering tuffaceous sandstone; common fine irregular pores; slightly acid (field pH 6.5); abrupt and wavy Bt1 boundary to Cr. Bt2 150+ Layer of weathering tuffaceous sandstone. Bt3 5 (MO 121) 29 January 2005 Depth (cm) Description 0–14 Dark brown (7.5YR3/3) sandy loam to loam; weak very fine and fine granular and subangular blocky structure; friable when moist, slightly sticky and plastic; many medium and coarse tubular, dendritic tubular and irregular pores; many medium and coarse roots throughout; very strongly acid (field pH 4.5); abrupt and smooth boundary to Bt1. 14–32 Brown (7.5YR4/4) sandy clay loam; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable when moist, moderately sticky and plastic; patchy thin cutans on ped faces and in pores; many medium and coarse tubular, dendritic tubular and irregular pores; many medium and coarse roots throughout; very strongly acid (field pH 5.0); clear and wavy boundary to Bt2. 32–50 Brown (7.5YR4/4) and dark brown (7.5YR3/3) sandy clay loam; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable when moist, moderately sticky and plastic; patchy thin cutans on ped faces and in pores; many medium and coarse tubular, dendritic tubular and irregular pores; common fine and medium roots throughout; very strongly acid (field pH 5.0); clear and wavy boundary to Bt3. 50–65 Dark brown (7.5YR3/4) sandy clay loam; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable when moist, moderately sticky and plastic; patchy thin cutans on ped faces and in pores; common fine and medium tubular and irregular pores; few fine and medium roots throughout; very strongly acid (field pH 5.0); abrupt and wavy boundary to Btc4. 409

CONTENT Appendix 3 Pedon no. 5 (MO 121) 29 January 2005 Horizon Btc4 Depth (cm) Description Btc5 65–88 Yellowish red (5YR4/6) extremely gravelly sandy clay loam; weak very fine and fine subangular blocky structure; friable when moist, Btc6 moderately sticky and plastic; patchy thin cutans on ped faces and in pores; gravels are pseudolaterite diameter 0.2–3.0 cm about 70% CB by volume; common fine irregular pores; few very fine and fine roots throughout; strongly acid (field pH 5.5); gradual and wavy boundary to Btc5. 88–118 Yellowish red (5YR5/6) extremely gravelly sandy clay loam; weak very fine and fine subangular blocky structure; friable when moist, moderately sticky and plastic; patchy thin cutans on ped faces and in pores; gravels are pseudolaterite diameter 0.2–3.0 cm about 70% by volume; common fine irregular pores; few very fine and fine roots throughout; strongly acid (field pH 5.5); gradual and wavy boundary to Btc6. 118–150/160 Yellowish red (5YR5/6-8) extremely gravelly sandy clay loam; weak very fine and fine subangular blocky structure; friable when moist, moderately sticky and plastic; patchy thin cutans on ped faces and in pores; gravels are pseudolaterite diameter 0.2–2.0 cm about 60% by volume fragments of weathering sandstone; common fine irregular pores; few very fine and fine roots throughout; strongly acid (field pH 5.5); gradual and wavy boundary to CB. 150/160+ Yellowish red (5YR5/6-8) extremely gravelly sandy clay loam; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable when moist, moderately sticky and plastic; patchy thin cutans on ped faces and in pores; gravels which are mainly fragments of weathering sandstone; few fine irregular pores; few very fine and fine roots throughout; moderately acid (field pH 6.0). 410

Description of pedons on the Mo Singto plot by CONTENT Department of Land Development Pedon no. 6 (MO 111) 30 January 2005 Horizon A Depth (cm) Description Bt1 0–4 Very dark grayish brown (10YR3/2) loam; weak very fine and fine Bt2 granular and crumb structure; friable when moist, slightly sticky and plastic; many medium and coarse dendritic tubular and Bt3 irregular pores; many medium and coarse roots throughout; very strongly acid (field pH 5.0); abrupt and smooth boundary to Bt1. BC 4–17 Grayish brown to brown (10YR5/2-3) loam; moderate fine Cr and medium subangular blocky structure; firm when moist, moderately sticky and slightly plastic; patchy thin cutans on ped faces and in pores; many medium and coarse dendritic tubular and irregular pores; many medium and coarse roots throughout; very strongly acid (field pH 5.0); clear and wavy boundary to Bt2. 17–30 Pale brown (10YR6/3) clay loam; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; firm when moist, moderately sticky and plastic; broken moderately thick cutans on ped faces and in pores; many fine and medium dendritic tubular and irregular pores; many medium and very coarse roots throughout; strongly acid (field pH 5.5); gradual and wavy boundary to Bt3. 30–53/60 Pale brown (10YR6/3) and light brownish gray (10YR6/2) clay loam; strong fine and medium subangular blocky structure; firm when moist, very sticky and very plastic; broken moderately thick cutans on ped faces and in pores; many fine and medium dendritic tubular and irregular pores; many medium and very coarse roots throughout; moderately acid (field pH 6.0); clear and wavy boundary to BC. 53/60–80/98 Light gray (10YR7/2), brownish yellow (10YR6/6) and red (2.5YR5/6) very gravelly clay loam; strong fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable when moist, very sticky and very plastic; patchy thin cutans on ped faces and in pores; gravels are fragments of weathering shale diameter 0.2–0.5 cm about 40% by volume; many fine and medium irregular pores; many medium and coarse roots throughout; many (40%) angular gravel (0.2–5 cm) of shale; moderately acid (field pH 6.0); abrupt and irregular boundary to Cr. 80/98+ Layer of weathering shale. 411

CONTENT Appendix 3 Pedon no. 7 (MO 113) 30 January 2005 Horizon A Depth (cm) Description Bt1 0–15 Dark grayish brown (10YR4/2) loam; moderate fine and medium Bt2 subangular blocky structure; firm when moist, slightly sticky and plastic; patchy thin cutans on ped faces and in pores; many Bt3 medium and very coarse dendritic tubular and irregular pores; BC many medium and very coarse roots throughout; strongly acid (field pH 5.5); abrupt and wavy boundary to Bt1. Cr 15–34 Brown (10YR5/3) and light brownish gray (10YR6/2) loam; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; firm when moist, moderately sticky and plastic; broken moderately thick cutans on ped faces and in pores; many medium and very coarse dendritic tubular and irregular pores; many medium and very coarse roots throughout; moderately acid (field pH 6.0); gradual and wavy boundary to Bt2. 34–55 Grayish brown (10YR5/2) and brown (10YR5/3) clay loam; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable when moist, moderately sticky and plastic; broken moderately thick cutans on ped faces and in pores; common medium and coarse dendritic tubular and irregular pores; common fine and medium roots throughout; moderately acid (field pH 6.0); clear and wavy boundary to Bt3. 55–83 Light brownish gray (10YR6/2) clay loam; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable when moist, moderately sticky and plastic; broken thick cutans on ped faces and in pores; common medium and coarse irregular pores; common fine and medium roots throughout; moderately acid (field pH 6.0); clear and wavy boundary to BC. 83–115/123 Light brownish gray (10YR6/2) slightly gravelly clay loam; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable when moist, very sticky and moderately plastic; broken thick cutans on ped faces and in pores; gravels are fragments of weathering shale diameter 0.2–0.5 cm about 10% by volume; common medium and coarse irregular pores; many medium and coarse roots throughout; common (10%) angular gravel (0.2–5 cm) of shale; common fine and medium roots throughout and between peds; slightly acid (field pH 6.5); abrupt and wavy boundary to Cr. 115/123+ Layer of weathering shale. 412

List of families and species of trees and shrubs on the CONTENT Mo Singto Plot, according to APG (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group) Appendix 4 List of families and species of trees and shrubs on the Mo Singto Plot, according to APG (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group) APG family Species Achariaceae Hydnocarpus castanea Achariaceae Hydnocarpus ilicifolius Actinidiaceae Saurauia roxburghii Adoxaceae Viburnum cylindricum Altingiaceae Altingia excelsa Anacardiaceae Buchanania arborescens Anacardiaceae Choerospondias axillaris Anacardiaceae Mangifera cochinchinensis Anacardiaceae Mangifera duperreana Anacardiaceae Rhus rhetsoides Annonaceae Alphonsea boniana Annonaceae Dasymaschalon acuminatum Annonaceae Miliusa lineata Annonaceae Platymitra macrocarpa Annonaceae Polyalthia aff. evecta Annonaceae Polyalthia simiarum Apocynaceae Alstonia scholaris Apocynaceae Wrightia arborea Aquifoliaceae Ilex aff. chapaensis Aquifoliaceae Ilex chevalieri Araliaceae Macropanax dispermus Araliaceae Schefflera heptaphylla Arecaceae Areca triandra Arecaceae Caryota mitis Arecaceae Licuala poonsakii Arecaceae Pinanga sylvestris Betulaceae Carpinus londoniana Bignoniaceae Markhamia stipulata Bignoniaceae Oroxylum indicum Bignoniaceae Radermachera ignea Bignoniaceae Stereospermum fimbriatum Burseraceae Canarium euphyllum Cannabaceae Celtis tetrandra 413

CONTENT Appendix 4 APG family Species Cannabaceae Gironniera nervosa Cannabaceae Trema orientalis Cardiopteridaceae Gonocaryum lobbianum Celastraceae Bhesa robusta Celastraceae Euonymus glaber Celastraceae Lophopetalum wightianum Celastraceae Microtropis discolor Clusiaceae Calophyllum dryobalanoides Clusiaceae Calophyllum polyanthum Clusiaceae Calophyllum saigonenese Clusiaceae Cratoxylum cochinchinense Clusiaceae Garcinia benthamii Clusiaceae Garcinia eugeniaefolia Cornaceae Alangium chinense Crypteroniaceae Crypteronia paniculata Daphniphyllaceae Daphniphyllum beddomei Dipterocarpaceae Dipterocarpus gracilis Dipterocarpaceae Hopea ferrea Dipterocarpaceae Hopea odorata Dipterocarpaceae Shorea henryana Ebenaceae Diospyros glandulosa Elaeocarpaceae Elaeocarpus floribundus Elaeocarpaceae Elaeocarpus griffithii Elaeocarpaceae Elaeocarpus petiolatus Elaeocarpaceae Elaeocarpus sphaericus Elaeocarpaceae Sloanea sigun Euphorbiaceae Alchornea rugosa Euphorbiaceae Alchornea tiliifolia Euphorbiaceae Balakata baccata Euphorbiaceae Chaetocarpus castanocarpus Euphorbiaceae Claoxylon indicum Euphorbiaceae Excoecaria cochinchinensis Euphorbiaceae Excoecaria oppositifolia 414

List of families and species of trees and shrubs on the CONTENT Mo Singto Plot, according to APG (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group) APG family Species Euphorbiaceae Macaranga denticulata Euphorbiaceae Macaranga siamensis Euphorbiaceae Mallotus paniculatus Euphorbiaceae Mallotus philippensis Euphorbiaceae Mallotus resinosus Euphorbiaceae Sumbaviopsis albicans Euphorbiaceae Triadica cochinchinensis Fabaceae Acrocarpus fraxinifolius Fabaceae Albizia attopeuensis Fabaceae Archidendron clypearia Fabaceae Archidendron lucidum Fabaceae Dalbergia cochinchinensis Fabaceae Erythrina subumbrans Fabaceae Ormosia sumatrana Fagaceae Castanopsis acuminatissima Fagaceae Lithocarpus ceriferus Fagaceae Lithocarpus dealbatus Fagaceae Lithocarpus eucalyptifolius Fagaceae Quercus quangtriensis Icacinaceae Apodytes dimidiata Icacinaceae Nothapodytes montana Icacinaceae Platea latifolia Juglandaceae Engelhardia spicata Lamiaceae Clerodendrum garrettianum Lamiaceae Vitex quinata Lauraceae Actinodaphne angustifolia Lauraceae Beilschmiedia aff. intermedia Lauraceae Beilschmiedia glauca Lauraceae Beilschmiedia maingayi Lauraceae Cinnamomum ilicioides Lauraceae Cinnamomum iners Lauraceae Cinnamomum sp Lauraceae Cinnamomum subavenium 415

CONTENT Appendix 4 APG family Species Lauraceae Lindera communis Lauraceae Litsea beusekomii Lauraceae Litsea martabanica Lauraceae Litsea monopetala Lauraceae Litsea umbellata Lauraceae Litsea verticillata Lauraceae Machilus aff. salicina Lauraceae Machilus gamblei Lauraceae Neocinnamomum mekongense Lauraceae Neolitsea siamensis Lauraceae Neolitsea zeylanica Lauraceae Phoebe cathia Lauraceae Phoebe grandis Lauraceae Phoebe lanceolata Liliaceae Dracaena elliptica Lythraceae Duabanga grandiflora Lythraceae Lagerstroemia calyculata Magnoliaceae Magnolia baillonii Malvaceae Hibiscus macrophyllus Malvaceae Pterocymbium tinctorium Malvaceae Pterospermum cinnamomeum Malvaceae Sterculia balanghas Malvaceae Sterculia guttata Melastomataceae Melastoma malabathricum Melastomataceae Melastoma orientale Melastomataceae Memecylon edule Melastomataceae Memecylon lilacinum Melastomataceae Memecylon ovatum Melastomataceae Pseudodissochaeta septentrionalis Meliaceae Aglaia edulis Meliaceae Aglaia elaeagnoidea Meliaceae Aglaia lawii Meliaceae Aglaia spectabilis 416

List of families and species of trees and shrubs on the CONTENT Mo Singto Plot, according to APG (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group) APG family Species Meliaceae Aphanamixis polystachya Meliaceae Chisocheton cumingianus Meliaceae Chisocheton dysoxylifolius Meliaceae Chukrasia tabularis Meliaceae Dysoxylum arborescens Meliaceae Dysoxylum cyrtobotryum Meliaceae Sandoricum koetjape Meliaceae Toona ciliata Meliaceae Walsura pinnata Meliaceae Walsura robusta Moraceae Antiaris toxicaria Moraceae Artocarpus heterophyllus Moraceae Artocarpus nitidus Moraceae Ficus altissima Moraceae Ficus annulata Moraceae Ficus concinna Moraceae Ficus fistulosa Moraceae Ficus glaberrima Moraceae Ficus hispida Moraceae Ficus kurzii Moraceae Ficus lamponga Moraceae Ficus microcarpa Moraceae Ficus nervosa Moraceae Ficus pubilimba Moraceae Ficus stricta Moraceae Ficus subcordata Moraceae Ficus tinctoria Moraceae Ficus triloba Moraceae Ficus variegata Moraceae Ficus vasculosa Moraceae Morus macroura Myristicaceae Horsfieldia amygdalina Myristicaceae Knema elegans 417

CONTENT Appendix 4 APG family Species Myrsinaceae Ardisia fulva Myrsinaceae Ardisia nervosa Myrsinaceae Ardisia sanguinolenta Myrsinaceae Rapaneay unnanensis Myrtaceae Decaspermum parviflorum Myrtaceae Eugenia cerasoides Myrtaceae Eugenia grandis Myrtaceae Eugenia grata Myrtaceae Eugenia lineata Myrtaceae Eugenia siamensis Myrtaceae Eugenia syzygioides Nyssaceae Mastixia pentandra Oleaceae Chionanthus ramiflorus Oleaceae Fraxinus floribunda Oleaceae Olea brachiata Pentaphylacaceae Adinandra integerrima Pentaphylacaceae Eurya acuminata Pentaphylacaceae Eurya nitida Pentaphylacaceae Ternstroemia gymnanthera Pentaphylacaceae Ternstroemia wallichiana Phyllanthaceae Antidesma japonicum Phyllanthaceae Antidesma montanum Phyllanthaceae Antidesma sootepense Phyllanthaceae Antidesma velutinum Phyllanthaceae Aporosa octandra var. octandra Phyllanthaceae Aporosa octandra var. yunnanensis Phyllanthaceae Baccaurea ramiflora Phyllanthaceae Bridelia glauca Phyllanthaceae Bridelia insulana Phyllanthaceae Glochidion assamicum Phyllanthaceae Glochidion rubrum Phyllanthaceae Phyllanthus acutissimus Podocarpaceae Podocarpus imbricatus 418

List of families and species of trees and shrubs on the CONTENT Mo Singto Plot, according to APG (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group) APG family Species Podocarpaceae Podocarpus neriifolius Polygalaceae Xanthophyllum virens Polyosmaceae Polyosma cf. integrifolia Proteaceae Helicia formosana Rhizophoraceae Carallia brachiata Rosaceae Eriobotrya bengalensis Rosaceae Prunus arborea Rosaceae Prunus javanica Rubiaceae Aidia densiflora Rubiaceae Anthocephalus chinensis Rubiaceae Canthium coffeoides Rubiaceae Canthium glabrum Rubiaceae Ixora cibdela Rubiaceae Ixora javanica Rubiaceae Lasianthus chinensis Rubiaceae Lasianthus hirsutus Rubiaceae Lasianthus hispidulus Rubiaceae Lasianthus kurzii Rubiaceae Lasianthus lucidus Rubiaceae Lasianthus roosianus Rubiaceae Lasianthus verticillatus Rubiaceae Lasianthus wallichii Rubiaceae Metadina trichotoma Rubiaceae Nauclea orientalis Rubiaceae Pavetta indica Rubiaceae Prismatomeris tetrandra Rubiaceae Psychotria ophioxyloides Rubiaceae Psychotria rubra Rubiaceae Saprosma longifolium Rubiaceae Tarenna quocensis Rubiaceae Tarennoidea wallichii Rutaceae Clausena excavata Rutaceae Clausena harmandiana 419

CONTENT Appendix 4 APG family Species Rutaceae Glycosmis cochinchinensis Rutaceae Glycosmis mauritiana Rutaceae Melicope pteleifolia Rutaceae Tetradium glabrifolium Sabiaceae Meliosma pinnata Sabiaceae Meliosma simplicifolia Salicaceae Casearia grewiifolia Salicaceae Homalium cochinchinense Santalaceae Scleropyrum pentanarum Sapindaceae Allophyllus cobbe Sapindaceae Lepisanthes tetraphylla Sapindaceae Mischocarpus pentapetalus Sapindaceae Nephelium melliferum Sapotaceae Palaquium garrettii Sapotaceae Pouteria stellibacca Sapotaceae Sarcosperma arboreum Simaroubaceae Ailanthus triphysa Simaroubaceae Eurycoma longifolia Stemonuraceae Gomphandra tetrandra Symplocaceae Symplocos cochinchinensis Symplocaceae Symplocos sumuntia Tapisciaceae Turpinia cochinchinensis Tetramelaceae Tetrameles nudiflora Theaceae Camellia oleifera Theaceae Schima wallichii Thymelaeaceae Aquilaria crassna Ulmaceae Aphananthe cuspidata Urticaceae Dendrocnide stimulans Vitaceae Leea indica 420

Alphabetical list of genera and species on CONTENT the Mo Singto Plot Appendix 5 Alphabetical list of genera and species on the Mo Singto Plot Species Page Species Page Acrocarpus fraxinifolius 132 Areca triandra 81 Actinodaphne angustifolia 150 Artocarpus heterophyllus 202 Adinandra integerrima 239 Artocarpus nitidus 203 Aglaia edulis 187 Baccaurea ramiflora 250 Aglaia elaeagnoidea 188 Balakata baccata 120 Aglaia lawii 189 Beilschmiedia aff. intermedia 151 Aglaia spectabilis 190 Beilschmiedia glauca 152 Aidia densiflora 265 Beilschmiedia maingayi 153 Ailanthus triphysa 306 Bhesa robusta 95 Alangium chinense 105 Bridelia glauca 251 Albizia attopeuensis 133 Bridelia insulana 252 Alchornea rugosa 118 Buchanania arborescens 64 Alchornea tiliifolia 119 Calophyllum dryobalanoides 99 Allophyllus cobbe 299 Calophyllum polyanthum 100 Alphonsea boniana 69 Calophyllum saigonenese 101 Alstonia scholaris 75 Camellia oleifera 313 Altingia excelsa 63 Canarium euphyllum 90 Anthocephalus chinensis 266 Canthium coffeoides 267 Antiaris toxicaria 201 Canthium glabrum 268 Antidesma japonicum 244 Carallia brachiata 261 Antidesma montanum 245 Carpinus londoniana 85 Antidesma sootepense 246 Caryota mitis 82 Antidesma velutinum 247 Casearia grewiifolia 296 Aphanamixis polystachya 191 Castanopsis acuminatissima 139 Aphananthe cuspidata 316 Celtis tetrandra 91 Apodytes dimidiata 144 Chaetocarpus castanocarpus 121 Aporosa octandra var. octandra 248 Chionanthus ramiflorus 236 Aporosa octandra var. yunnanensis 249 Chisocheton cumingianus 192 Aquilaria crassna 315 Chisocheton dysoxylifolius 193 Archidendron clypearia 134 Choerospondias axillaris 65 Archidendron lucidum 135 Chukrasia tabularis 194 Ardisia fulva 224 Cinnamomum ilicioides 154 Ardisia nervosa 225 Cinnamomum iners 155 Ardisia sanguinolenta 226 Cinnamomum sp 156 421

CONTENT Appendix 5 Species Page Species Page Cinnamomum subavenium 157 Eurycoma longifolia 307 Claoxylon indicum 122 Excoecaria cochinchinensis 123 Clausena excavata 288 Excoecaria oppositifolia 124 Clausena harmandiana 289 Ficus altissima 204 Clerodendrum garrettianum 148 Ficus annulata 205 Cratoxylum cochinchinense 102 Ficus concinna 206 Crypteronia paniculata 106 Ficus fistulosa 207 Dalbergia cochinchinensis 136 Ficus glaberrima 208 Daphniphyllum beddomei 107 Ficus hispida 209 Dasymaschalon acuminatum 70 Ficus kurzii 210 Decaspermum parviflorum 228 Ficus lamponga 211 Dendrocnide stimulans 317 Ficus microcarpa 212 Diospyros glandulosa 112 Ficus nervosa 213 Dipterocarpus gracilis 108 Ficus pubilimba 214 Dracaena elliptica 172 Ficus stricta 215 Duabanga grandiflora 173 Ficus subcordata 216 Dysoxylum arborescens 195 Ficus tinctoria 217 Dysoxylum cyrtobotryum 196 Ficus triloba 218 Elaeocarpus floribundus 113 Ficus variegata 219 Elaeocarpus griffithii 114 Ficus vasculosa 220 Elaeocarpus petiolatus 115 Fraxinus floribunda 237 Elaeocarpus sphaericus 116 Garcinia benthamii 103 Engelhardia spicata 147 Garcinia eugeniaefolia 104 Eriobotrya bengalensis 262 Gironniera nervosa 92 Erythrina subumbrans 137 Glochidion assamicum 253 Eugenia cerasoides 229 Glochidion rubrum 254 Eugenia grandis 230 Glycosmis cochinchinensis 290 Eugenia grata 231 Glycosmis mauritiana 291 Eugenia lineata 232 Gomphandra tetrandra 308 Eugenia siamensis 233 Gonocaryum lobbianum 94 Eugenia syzygioides 234 Helicia formosana 260 Euonymus glaber 96 Hibiscus macrophyllus 176 Eurya acuminata 240 Homalium cochinchinense 297 Eurya nitida 241 Hopea ferrea 109 422

Alphabetical list of genera and species on CONTENT the Mo Singto Plot Species Page Species Page Hopea odorata 110 Machilus gamblei 165 Horsfieldia amygdalina 222 Macropanax dispermus 79 Hydnocarpus castanea 59 Magnolia baillonii 175 Hydnocarpus ilicifolius 60 Mallotus paniculatus 127 Ilex aff. chapaensis 77 Mallotus philippensis 128 Ilex chevalieri 78 Mallotus resinosus 129 Ixora cibdela 269 Mangifera cochinchinensis 66 Ixora javanica 270 Mangifera duperreana 67 Knema elegans 223 Markhamia stipulata 86 Lagerstroemia calyculata 174 Mastixia pentandra 235 Lasianthus chinensis 271 Melastoma malabathricum 181 Lasianthus hirsutus 272 Melastoma orientale 182 Lasianthus hispidulus 273 Melicope pteleifolia 292 Lasianthus kurzii 274 Meliosma pinnata 294 Lasianthus lucidus 275 Meliosma simplicifolia 295 Lasianthus roosianus 276 Memecylon edule 183 Lasianthus verticillatus 277 Memecylon lilacinum 184 Lasianthus wallichii 278 Memecylon ovatum 185 Leea indica 318 Metadina trichotoma 279 Lepisanthes tetraphylla 300 Microtropis discolor 98 Licuala poonsakii 83 Miliusa lineata 71 Lindera communis 158 Mischocarpus pentapetalus 301 Lithocarpus ceriferus 140 Morus macroura 221 Lithocarpus dealbatus 141 Nauclea orientalis 280 Lithocarpus eucalyptifolius 142 Neocinnamomum mekongense 166 Litsea beusekomii 159 Neolitsea siamensis 167 Litsea martabanica 160 Neolitsea zeylanica 168 Litsea monopetala 161 Nephelium melliferum 302 Litsea umbellata 162 Nothapodytes montana 145 Litsea verticillata 163 Olea brachiata 238 Lophopetalum wightianum 97 Ormosia sumatrana 138 Macaranga denticulata 125 Oroxylum indicum 87 Macaranga siamensis 126 Palaquium garrettii 303 Machilus aff. salicina 164 Pavetta indica 281 423

CONTENT Appendix 5 Species Page Species Page Phoebe cathia 169 Saurauia roxburghii 61 Phoebe grandis 170 Schefflera heptaphylla 80 Phoebe lanceolata 171 Schima wallichii 314 Phyllanthus acutissimus 255 Scleropyrum pentanarum 298 Pinanga sylvestris 84 Shorea henryana 111 Platea latifolia 146 Sloanea sigun 117 Platymitra macrocarpa 72 Sterculia balanghas 179 Podocarpus imbricatus 256 Sterculia guttata 180 Podocarpus neriifolius 257 Stereospermum fimbriatum 89 Polyalthia aff. evecta 73 Sumbaviopsis albicans 130 Polyalthia simiarum 74 Symplocos cochinchinensis 309 Polyosma cf. integrifolia 259 Symplocos sumuntia 310 Pouteria stellibacca 304 Tarenna quocensis 286 Prismatomeris tetrandra 282 Tarennoidea wallichii 287 Prunus arborea 263 Ternstroemia gymnanthera 242 Prunus javanica 264 Ternstroemia wallichiana 243 Pseudodissochaeta septentrionalis 186 Tetradium glabrifolium 293 Psychotria ophioxyloides 283 Tetrameles nudiflora 312 Psychotria rubra 284 Toona ciliata 198 Pterocymbium tinctorium 177 Trema orientalis 93 Pterospermum cinnamomeum 178 Triadica cochinchinensis 131 Quercus quangtriensis 143 Turpinia cochinchinensis 311 Radermachera ignea 88 Viburnum cylindricum 62 Rapanea yunnanensis 227 Vitex quinata 149 Rhus rhetsoides 68 Walsura pinnata 199 Sandoricum koetjape 197 Walsura robusta 200 Saprosma longifolium 285 Wrightia arborea 76 Sarcosperma arboreum 305 Xanthophyllum virens 258 424

Literature references for selected species by family CONTENT Appendix 6 Literature references for selected species by family Family Botanical Name References Agavaceae Alangiaceae Dracaena elliptica Thunb. syn.= D. gracilis Wall. ex Hk. f. Alangiaceae FC 24(2000) 216 Anacardiaceae Alangium chinense (Lour.) Harms ssp. chinense FCLV 8(1968) 39 (fig.) 43 – 44 Anacardiaceae Alangium Kurzii var. kurzii FC 13(2007) 305 Anacardiaceae Anacardiaceae Buchanania arborescens (Bl.) Bl. FLCV 8 (1968) 39 (fig.), 40-41 FC 13 (2007) 306 - 307 Anacardiaceae FCLV 2(1962) 76 Annonaceae FC 11(2008) 337 Annonaceae FT 10:3 (2010) 271 (fig.) – 272 Annonaceae Annonaceae Mangifera cochinchinensis Engl. FCLV 2(1962) 87 FT 10:3 (2010) 299 Mangifera duperreana Pierre Rhus rhetsoides Craib FT 10:3 (2010) 299 - 300 Choerospondias axillaris (Roxb.) FCLV 2(1962) 187 – 188 (fig.) Burtt & Hill var. axillaris as Toxicodendron rhetsoides (Roxb.) Tard. FCLV 2(1962) 137 – 139 (fig.) FC 11(2008) 341 – 342 basionym = Spondias axillaris Roxb. FT 10:3(2010) 280 (fig.), 281 Alphonsea boniana Fin. & Gagnep. FIC 1(1908) 122 + plate XI Dasymaschalon acuminatum Wang & SYST.BOT. 34:2(2009) 254, Saund. 255 (fig.) Miliusa lineata (Craib) Ast FICS (1938) 120 Platymitra macrocarpa Boerl. Blumea 33:2(1988) 475 FBI Flora of British India FC Flora of China FIC Flore Générale de L’Indo-Chine FICS Supplement, Flore Générale de L’Indo-Chine FLCV Flore de Cambodge, du Laos, et du Vietnam FM Flora Malesiana FT Flora of Thailand GBS Gardens Bulletin Singapore KB Kew Bulletin PT Palms and Cycads of Thailand TFB Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) TFM Tree Flora of Malaya 425

CONTENT Appendix 6 Family Botanical Name References Annonaceae Annonaceae Polyalthia aff. evecta (Pierre) Fin. & FIC 1(1907) 69 Apocynaceae Gagnep. var. evecta Apocynaceae Aquifoliaceae Polyalthia simiarum (Ham. ex Hk. f. & FIC 1(1907)73 – 74 Th.) Bth. ex Hk. f. & Th. Aquifoliaceae Araliaceae Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br. FT 7:1(1999) 45 – 46 Araliaceae Betulaceae Wrightia arborea (Dennst.) Mabb. FT 7:1(1999) 81 – 82 Bignoniaceae Bignoniaceae Ilex aff. chapaensis Merr. FICS (1948) 766 (fig.), 773 – Bignoniaceae 774 FC 11(2008) 436 Bignoniaceae Burseraceae Ilex chevalieri Tard. FICS (1948) 769 (fig.), 770 Macropanax dispermus (Bl.) O. K. FC 13(2007) 465. TFB special (2009) 2 – 3 Schefflera heptaphylla (L.) Frod. FC 13(2007) 461 Carpinus londoniana Wink. var. FC 4(1999) 293 ondoniana Markhamia stipulata (Wall.) Seem. ex FT 5:1(1987) 50 K. Sch. var. stipulata FC 18(1998) 215 Oroxylum indicum (L.) Bth. ex Kurz FT 5:1(1987) 50 FC 18(1998) 224 Radermachera ignea (Kurz) Steen. TFB 8(1974) 9 (fig.) as Mayodendron igneum (Kurz) Kurz FT 5:1(1987) 41 FC 18(1998) Stereospermum fimbriatum (Wall. ex FT 5:1(1987) 43 G. Don) DC. Blumea 9:2(1959) 417 – 418 Canarium euphyllum Kurz (fig.) FBI Flora of British India FC Flora of China FIC Flore Générale de L’Indo-Chine FICS Supplement, Flore Générale de L’Indo-Chine FLCV Flore de Cambodge, du Laos, et du Vietnam FM Flora Malesiana FT Flora of Thailand GBS Gardens Bulletin Singapore KB Kew Bulletin PT Palms and Cycads of Thailand TFB Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) TFM Tree Flora of Malaya 426

Literature references for selected species by family CONTENT Family Botanical Name References Caprifoliaceae Viburnum cylindricum Buch.-Ham. ex Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 22: D. Don 4–6(1967) 171–172 as Vibur- Celastraceae num coriaceum Bl. Celastraceae FIC 3(1922) 7 (fig.), 8 – 9 Celastraceae FM 4(1951) 183 – 184 (fig.) Celastraceae Cornaceae Bhesa robusta (Roxb.) Hou FM 6:2(1962) 283 (Mastixiaceae) FT 10:2(2010) 146 (fig.), 148 Crypteroniaceae Euonymus glaber Roxb. FM 6:2(1962) 250 FC 11(2008) 260 FT 10:2(2010) 158 (fig.), 159 Lophopetalum wightianum Arn. FIC 1(1912) 876 – 877(fig.) FM 6:2(1962) 267 FT 10:2(2010) 179 – 180 Microtropis discolor (Wall.) Wall. ex FT 10:2(2010) 183 Arn. Mastixia pentandra Bl. ssp. chinensis FM 8(1977) 95–97 (Merr.) Matt. FC 14(2005) 231 (Mastixiace- ae) FT 10:2(2010) 233 – 234 (Mas- tixiaceae) Crypteronia paniculata Bl. var. FCLV 4(1965) 58 – 59 paniculata FM 8(1977) 194 – 195 FT 5:4 (1992) 431 – 432 FC 13(2007) 292 Daphniphyllaceae Daphniphyllum beddomei Craib FIC 1(1927) 669–671 (fig.) syn.= D. cambodianum Gag- Datiscaceae Tetrameles nudiflora R. Br. nep. FT 11:1(2011) 4, 5 (fig.) Dipterocarpaceae Dipterocarpus gracilis Bl. FM 4(1953) 385 – 386 (fig.) 387 FT 9:1(2005) 33,34 (fig.), 35 TFB 12(1979) 35–36, 111 (fig.) FBI Flora of British India FC Flora of China FIC Flore Générale de L’Indo-Chine FICS Supplement, Flore Générale de L’Indo-Chine FLCV Flore de Cambodge, du Laos, et du Vietnam FM Flora Malesiana FT Flora of Thailand GBS Gardens Bulletin Singapore KB Kew Bulletin PT Palms and Cycads of Thailand TFB Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) TFM Tree Flora of Malaya 427

CONTENT Appendix 6 Family Botanical Name References Dipterocarpaceae Hopea ferrea Pierre ex Laness. TFB 12(1979) 47, 114 (fig.) Dipterocarpaceae Hopea odorata Roxb. FCLV 25 (1990) 97 (fig.), 99 – 100 TFB 12(1979) 50, 115 (fig.), 124 (fig.) FCLV 25 (1990) 69, 71 (fig.) Dipterocarpaceae Shorea henryana Pierre TFB 12(1979) 73, 118 (fig.) FCLV 25(1990) 71 (fig.), 72 Ebenaceae Diospyros glandulosa Lace FT 2:4(1981) 339, 340 (fig.), 341 Elaeocarpaceae Elaeocarpus floribundus Bl. var. FT 2:4(1981) 417, 418 (fig.) Elaeocarpaceae floribundus Elaeocarpaceae FT 2:4(1981) 430, 431 (fig.) Elaeocarpaceae Elaeocarpus griffithii (Wight) A. Gray FT 2:4(1981) 424, 426 (fig.) Elaeocarpaceae FC 12(2007) 226, 227 Elaeocarpus petiolatus (Jack) Wall. FT 2:4(1981) 412, 413 (fig.) ex Steud. FT 2:4(1981) 406, 407 (fig.) Elaeocarpus sphaericus (Gaertn.) K. FC 12(2007) 239 Sch. Sloanea sigun (Bl.) K. Schum. Euphorbiaceae Alchornea rugosa (Lour.) M.-A. var. FT 8:1(2005) 44, 45 (fig.), 46 Euphorbiaceae rugosa FC 11(2008) 242 Euphorbiaceae Alchornea tiliifolia (Bth.) M.-A. Euphorbiaceae FT 8:1(2005) 47, 48 (fig.), 46 Euphorbiaceae Antidesma japonicum Sied. & Zucc. FC 11(2008) 244 var. japonicum Antidesma montanum Bl. var. FT 8:1(2005) 66 – 67 montanum FC 11(2008) 213 Antidesma sootepense Craib FT 8:1(2005) 70, 71 FC 11(2008) 214 FT 8:1(2005) 77 FC 11(2008) 213 FBI Flora of British India FC Flora of China FIC Flore Générale de L’Indo-Chine FICS Supplement, Flore Générale de L’Indo-Chine FLCV Flore de Cambodge, du Laos, et du Vietnam FM Flora Malesiana FT Flora of Thailand GBS Gardens Bulletin Singapore KB Kew Bulletin PT Palms and Cycads of Thailand TFB Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) TFM Tree Flora of Malaya 428

Literature references for selected species by family CONTENT Family Botanical Name References Euphorbiaceae Euphorbiaceae Antidesma velutinum Tul. FT 8:1(2005) 80 Euphorbiaceae Aporosa octandra (B.-H. ex D. Don) FT 8:1(2005) 95, 96 Vick. var. octandra Euphorbiaceae Aporosa octandra (B.-H. ex D. Don) FT 8:1(2005) 96 – 97 Euphorbiaceae Vick. var. yunnanensis (Pax & F. Euphorbiaceae Hoffm.) Schot FT 8:1(2005) 104 Euphorbiaceae Aporosa wallichii Hk. f. FC 11(2008) 216 Euphorbiaceae FT 8:1(2005) 117 Euphorbiaceae Baccaurea ramiflora Lour. FT 8:1(2005) 119 Euphorbiaceae Balakata baccata (Roxb.) Ess. FC 11(2008) 284 Euphorbiaceae FT 8:1(2005) 145 Bridelia glauca Bl. FC 11(2008) 176 – 177 Euphorbiaceae Euphorbiaceae Bridelia insulana Hance FT 8:1(2005) 146 – 147 Euphorbiaceae Euphorbiaceae Chaetocarpus castanocarpus (Roxb.) FT 8:1(2005) 153, 154 (fig.) Euphorbiaceae Thw. Claoxylon indicum (Reinw. ex Bl.) FT 8:1(2005) 160 – 161 Hassk. Excoecaria cochinchinensis Lour. var. FT 8:1(2005) 294 (fig.), 295 – viridis (Pax & K. Hoffm.) Merr. 296 FC 11(2008) 280 – 281 Excoecaria oppositifolia Griff. FT 8:1(2005) 294 (fig.), 298 Glochidion assamicum (M.-A.) Hk. f. FT 8:2(2007) 313, 314 (fig.) Glochidion eriocarpum Champ. ex FT 8:2(2007) 317, 318 (fig.) Bth. FC 11(2008) 198 Glochidion rubrum Bl. FT 8:2(2007) 326, 327 (fig.) FC 11(2008) 197 Macaranga denticulata (Bl.) M.-A FT 8:2(2007) 364 FBI Flora of British India FC Flora of China FIC Flore Générale de L’Indo-Chine FICS Supplement, Flore Générale de L’Indo-Chine FLCV Flore de Cambodge, du Laos, et du Vietnam FM Flora Malesiana FT Flora of Thailand GBS Gardens Bulletin Singapore KB Kew Bulletin PT Palms and Cycads of Thailand TFB Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) TFM Tree Flora of Malaya 429

CONTENT Appendix 6 Family Botanical Name References Euphorbiaceae Euphorbiaceae Macaranga siamensis S. J. Davies FT 8:2(2007) 378 (fig.), 379 Euphorbiaceae Euphorbiaceae Mallotus resinosus (Blanco) Merr. FT 8:2(2007) 394 Euphorbiaceae Euphorbiaceae Mallotus paniculatus (Lmk.) M.-A. var. FT 8:2(2007) 416, 417 (fig.) Euphorbiaceae Fagaceae paniculatus FC 11 (2008) 236 Fagaceae Mallotus philippensis (Lmk.) M.-A. FT 8:2(2007) 421, 422 (fig.) FC 11 (2008) 229 Fagaceae Fagaceae Phyllanthus acutissimus Miq. FT 8:2(2007) 479 Fagaceae Sumbaviopsis albicans (Bl.) J. J. Sm. FT 8:2(2007) 562, 563 (fig.) FC 11(2008) 222 Flacourtiaceae Triadica cochinchinensis Lour. FT 8:2(2007) 572 (fig.), 573 FC 11(2008) 285 Castanopsis acuminatissima (Bl.) A. TFB 34(2006) 57, 58 (fig.) DC. FT 9:3(2008) 181 (fig.), 185, 186 (fig.) Lithocarpus ceriferus (Hickel & A. TFB 39(2006) 88 (fig.), 97, 98 Camus) A. Camus (fig.) FT 9:3(2008) 244 (fig.), 262 (fig.), 263 Lithocarpus dealbatus (Hk. f. & Th.) FT 9:3(2008) 271, 272 (fig.), Rehder 273 Lithocarpus eucalyptifolius (Hickel & TFB 39(2006) 89 (fig.), 105 A. Camus) A. Camus FT 9:3(2008) 245 (fig.), 285, 286 (fig.) Quercus quangtriensis Hickel & A. TFB 34(2006) 135 (fig.), 148 Camus FT 9:3(2008) 355 (fig.), 393, 394 (fig.) Casearia grewiifolia Vent. var. geloni- Blumea 30(1985) 248 oides (Bl.) Sleum. FBI Flora of British India FC Flora of China FIC Flore Générale de L’Indo-Chine FICS Supplement, Flore Générale de L’Indo-Chine FLCV Flore de Cambodge, du Laos, et du Vietnam FM Flora Malesiana FT Flora of Thailand GBS Gardens Bulletin Singapore KB Kew Bulletin PT Palms and Cycads of Thailand TFB Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) TFM Tree Flora of Malaya 430

Literature references for selected species by family CONTENT Family Botanical Name References Flacourtiaceae Homalium cochinchinense (Lour.) FCLV 11(1970) 84 Druce Flacourtiaceae Hydnocarpus castanea Hk. f. & Th. FCLV 11(1970) var. castanea Blumea 30(1985) 231 Flacourtiaceae Hydnocarpus ilicifolia King FCLV 11(1970) 15 (fig.), 16 Blumea 30(1985) 227 Guttiferae Calophyllum dryobalanoides Pierre FIC 1(1910) 319 Guttiferae Calophyllum polyanthum Wall. ex FIC 5(1943) 269 – 271 Choisy (syns.= Calophyllun thorelii Pierre, C. smilesianum Craib, C. williamsianum Craib) FC 13(2007) 39 Guttiferae Calophyllum saigonense Pierre FIC 1(1910) 318 Guttiferae Garcinia benthamii Pierre FIC 1(1910) 305 Guttiferae Garcinia eugeniaefolia Wall. ex T. TFM 2(1973) 210 And. Guttiferae, Hy- Cratoxylum cochinchinense (Lour.) Blumea 8(1974) 7 (fig.), 8 periceae Bl. FC 13(2007) 37 Hamamelidaceae Altingia excelsa Noro. FT 7:3(2001) 401, 402 (fig.) FC 9(2003) 20 Icacinaceae Apodytes dimidiata E. Mey. ex Arn. FT 2:1(1970) 81 FC 11(2008) 508 Icacinaceae Gomphandra tetrandra (Wall.) Sleum. FT 2:1(1970) 79 FC 11(2008) 507 Icacinaceae Gonocaryum lobbianum (Miers) Kurz FT 2:1(1970) 80 FC 11(2008) 507 Icacinaceae Nothapodytes montana Bl. FT 2:1(1970) 83 Icacinaceae Platea latifolia Bl. FT 2:1(1970) 76 FC 11(2008) 506 FBI Flora of British India FC Flora of China FIC Flore Générale de L’Indo-Chine FICS Supplement, Flore Générale de L’Indo-Chine FLCV Flore de Cambodge, du Laos, et du Vietnam FM Flora Malesiana FT Flora of Thailand GBS Gardens Bulletin Singapore KB Kew Bulletin PT Palms and Cycads of Thailand TFB Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) TFM Tree Flora of Malaya 431

CONTENT Appendix 6 Family Botanical Name References Juglandaceae Lauraceae Engelhardia spicata Lechen. ex Bl. FCLV 26(1992) 22, 23, 25 (fig.) Lauraceae var. spicata FC 4(1999) 279 Lauraceae Lauraceae Actinodaphne angustifolia (Bl.) Nees FBI 1(1886) 152 Lauraceae Lauraceae Beilschmiedia aff. intermedia Allen FC 7(2008) 242 Lauraceae Lauraceae Beilschmiedia glauca S. Lee. & L. Lau FC 7(2008) 240 Lauraceae Beilschmiedia maingayi Hk. f. FBI 1(1886) 123 Lauraceae TFM 4(1989) 121 Lauraceae Cinnamomum ilicioides A. Cheval. FC 7(2008) 173 Lauraceae Cinnamomum iners Reinw. ex Bl. FIC 5(1914) 116 Lauraceae FC 7(2008) 183 Lauraceae Lauraceae Cinnamomum subavenium Miq. TFM 4(1989) 131 FC 7(2008) 186 – 187 Lindera communis Hemsl. FC 7(2008) 151 Litsea beusekomii Kosterm. Nat. Hist. Bull. Siam Soc. Litsea martabanica (Kurz) Hk. f. 25:324 (1974) 36 Litsea monopetala (Roxb.) Pers. TFB 39(2011) 47 Litsea umbellata (Lour.) Merr. FC 7(2008) 133 TFB 39(2011) 70, 71 (fig.) Litsea verticillata Hance Machilus gamblei King ex Hk. f. TFM 4(1989) 161 Machilus aff. salicina Hance FC 7(2008) 132 TFB 39(2011) 77 TFM 4(1989) 166 FC 7(2008) 131 TFB 39(2011) 91, 92 (fig.) FC 7(2008) 127 TFB 39(2011) 95 FBI 5(1886) 138 FC 7 (2008) 220 FBI Flora of British India FC Flora of China FIC Flore Générale de L’Indo-Chine FICS Supplement, Flore Générale de L’Indo-Chine FLCV Flore de Cambodge, du Laos, et du Vietnam FM Flora Malesiana FT Flora of Thailand GBS Gardens Bulletin Singapore KB Kew Bulletin PT Palms and Cycads of Thailand TFB Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) TFM Tree Flora of Malaya 432

Literature references for selected species by family CONTENT Family Botanical Name References Lauraceae Neocinnamomum mekongense FC 7(2008) 188 (Hand.-Maz.) Kosterm. Lauraceae Neolitsea siamensis Kosterm. Nat. Hist. Bull. Siam Soc. 25:324 (1974) 40 – 41 Lauraceae Neolitsea zeylanica (Nees & T. Nees) FC 7(2008) 114 Merr. Lauraceae Phoebe cathia (D. Don) Kosterm. FBI 1(1886) 142 (syn.= Phoebe paniculata (Wall. ex Nees) Nees) Lauraceae Phoebe grandis (Nees) Merr. TFM 4(1989) 176 Lauraceae Phoebe lanceolata (Wall. ex Nees) TFM 4(1989) 176 Nees FC 7(2008) 192 Leeaceae Leea indica (Burm. f.) Merr. FM 7 (1976) 758 (fig.), 779, 780 (fig.) FC 12(2007) 170 FT 10:2(2010) 220 – 221 Leguminosae, Acrocarpus fraxinifolius Wight ex Arn. FT 4:1(1984) 47 (fig.), 50 plate Caesalpinioideae III Leguminosae, Albizia attopeuensis (Pierre) Niels. FT 4:2(1985) 183–185 (fig.) Mimosoideae Leguminosae, Archidendron clypearia (Jack) Neils. FT 4:2(1985) 208, 209 (fig.) Mimosoideae ssp. clypearia var. clypearia Leguminosae, Archidendron lucidum (Benth.) Neils. FCLV 29(1997) 21 – 23 (fig.) Mimosoideae TFB 30(2002) 130, 132 (fig.), 133 Leguminosae, Dalbergia cochinchinensis Pierre FCLV 29(1997) 21 – 23 (fig.) Papilionoideae TFB 30(2002) 130, 132 (fig.), 133 Leguminosae, Erythrina subumbrans (Hassk.) Merr. FCLV 17(1979) 25, 27 (fig.) Papilionoideae FBI Flora of British India FC Flora of China FIC Flore Générale de L’Indo-Chine FICS Supplement, Flore Générale de L’Indo-Chine FLCV Flore de Cambodge, du Laos, et du Vietnam FM Flora Malesiana FT Flora of Thailand GBS Gardens Bulletin Singapore KB Kew Bulletin PT Palms and Cycads of Thailand TFB Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) TFM Tree Flora of Malaya 433

CONTENT Appendix 6 Family Botanical Name References Leguminosae, Ormosia sumatrana (Miq.) Prain TFB 13(1980) 15 Papilionoideae FCLV 23(1987) 46, 47 Lythraceae Lagerstroemia calyculata Kurz GBS 24(1969) 306, 307 (fig.) Magnoliaceae Magnolia baillonii Pierre FT 2:3(1975) 266 (syn.= Paramichelia baillonii (Pierre) Hu) TFB 39(2011) 166 – 168 Malvaceae Hibiscus macrophyllus Roxb. ex TFB 18(1989) 56, 59 (fig.) Horn. FC 12(2007) 287 – 288 Melastomataceae Melastoma malabathricum L. ssp. FT 7:3(2001) 441 – 442 malabathrium Melastomataceae Melastoma orientale Guill. FT 7:3(2001) 444 Melastomataceae Memecylon lilacinum Zoll. & Mor. TFM 4(1989) 192 Melastomataceae Memecylon edule Roxb. TFM 4(1989) 189 Melastomataceae Memecylon ovatum Sm. TFM 4(1989) 190 (Memecylon edule Roxb. var. ovatum (Sm.) Cl.) Melastomataceae Pseudodissochaeta septentrionalis FT 7:3(2001) 475 – 476 (W. W. Sm.) Nayar Meliaceae Aglaia edulis (Roxb.) Wall. FM 12:1(1995) 272 – 273 TFB 39(2011) 214 Meliaceae Aglaia elaeagnoidea (A. Juss.) Benth. FM 12:1(1995) 243 – 244 TFB 39(2011) 214 Meliaceae Aglaia lawii (Wight) Sald. ex Rama. FM 12:1(1995) 228 – 229 TFB 39(2011) 216 Meliaceae Aglaia odoratissima Bl. FM 12:1(1995) 276 – 277 TFB 39(2011) 219 Meliaceae Aglaia spectabilis (Miq.) Jain & Benn. FM 12:1(1995) 220 (fig.) 222 TFB 39(2011) 225 FBI Flora of British India FC Flora of China FIC Flore Générale de L’Indo-Chine FICS Supplement, Flore Générale de L’Indo-Chine FLCV Flore de Cambodge, du Laos, et du Vietnam FM Flora Malesiana FT Flora of Thailand GBS Gardens Bulletin Singapore KB Kew Bulletin PT Palms and Cycads of Thailand TFB Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) TFM Tree Flora of Malaya 434

Literature references for selected species by family CONTENT Family Botanical Name References Meliaceae Meliaceae Aphanamixis polystachya (Wall.) R. TFM 4(1989) 230 – 231 Meliaceae N. Parker FM 12:1(1995) 188 – 191 Meliaceae TFB 39(2011) 226 Meliaceae Chisocheton cumingianus (C. DC.) FM 12:1(1995) 164 Meliaceae Harms ssp. balansae (C. DC.) Mabb. (syn.= C. siamensis Craib) TFB 39(2011) 230 Meliaceae Chisocheton dysoxylifolius (Kurz) FBI 1(1875) 551 Meliaceae Hiern TFB 39(2011) 230, 232 Meliaceae Meliaceae Chukrasia tabularis A. Juss. var. tabu- TFM 4(1989) 255 (fig.) 256 Moraceae laris FM 12:1(1995) 355, 356 (fig.), 357 TFB 39(2011) 234 Dysoxylum arborescens (Bl.) Miq. TFB 39(2011) 237 Dysoxylum cyrtobotryum Miq. TFM 4(1989) 243 FM 12:1(1995) 345 – 348 (fig.), 349 TFB 39(2011) 237 Sandoricum koetjape (Burm. f.) Merr. TFM 4(1989) 249, 250 (fig.) FM 12:1(1995) 345 – 348 (fig.), 349 TFB 39(2011) 247 Toona ciliata M. Roem. FM 12:1(1995) 366 – 370 TFB 39(2011) 248 Walsura pinnata Hassk. TFM 4(1989) 253 (fig.), 254 FM 12:1(1995) 48 – 50 (fig.) TFB 39(2011) 250 Walsura robusta Roxb. FM 12:1(1995) 47 – 48 TFB 39(2011) 250 Antiaris toxicaria Lesch. ssp. toxicaria FM 17:1(2006) 141, 142 (fig.) FT 10:4(2011) 478, 479 (fig.) FBI Flora of British India FC Flora of China FIC Flore Générale de L’Indo-Chine FICS Supplement, Flore Générale de L’Indo-Chine FLCV Flore de Cambodge, du Laos, et du Vietnam FM Flora Malesiana FT Flora of Thailand GBS Gardens Bulletin Singapore KB Kew Bulletin PT Palms and Cycads of Thailand TFB Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) TFM Tree Flora of Malaya 435

CONTENT Appendix 6 Family Botanical Name References Moraceae Artocarpus heterophyllus Lmk. Moraceae Artocarpus nitidus Trec. FM 17:1(2006) 91 – 92 Moraceae Ficus altissima Bl. FT 10:4(2011) 486 Moraceae Ficus annulata Bl. Moraceae Ficus concinna (Miq.) Miq. FM 17:1(2006) 121 FT 10:4(2011) 492 Moraceae Ficus fistulosa Reinw. ex Bl. var. Moraceae fistulosa FM 17:2 (2006) 625 Ficus glaberrima Bl. ssp. glaberrima FT 10:4 (2011) 601 - 602 (fig.) Moraceae Moraceae Ficus hirta Vahl FM 17:2(2005) 625 – 627 Moraceae Ficus hispida L. f. FT 10:4(2011) 603 Moraceae Ficus kurzii King Moraceae Ficus lamponga Miq. FM 17:2(2005) 605 – 606 Ficus microcarpa L. f. FT 10:4(2011) 611, 612, 613 Moraceae (fig.) Ficus nervosa Hey. ex Roth. ssp. nervosa FM 17:2(2005) 418 – 421 FT 10:4(2011) 521, 523 FM 17:2(2005) 655, 656 (fig.), 657 FT 10:4(2011) 625 FM 17:2(2005) 113 – 114 FT 10:4(2011) 519, 520 (fig.) FM 17:2(2005) 426, 427 (fig.) FT 10:4(2011) 566 FM 17:2(2005) 662 – 663 FT 10:4(2011) 629 FM 17:2(2005) 116, 117 (fig.) FT 10:4(2011) 524, 525 (fig.) FM 17:2(2005) 624 (fig.), 666 – 668(fig.), 669 (fig.) FT 10:4(2011) 632 FIC 5(1928) 756 (fig.), 777 FT 10:4(2011) 535 FBI Flora of British India FC Flora of China FIC Flore Générale de L’Indo-Chine FICS Supplement, Flore Générale de L’Indo-Chine FLCV Flore de Cambodge, du Laos, et du Vietnam FM Flora Malesiana FT Flora of Thailand GBS Gardens Bulletin Singapore KB Kew Bulletin PT Palms and Cycads of Thailand TFB Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) TFM Tree Flora of Malaya 436

Literature references for selected species by family CONTENT Family Botanical Name References Moraceae Moraceae Ficus pubilimba Merr. FM 17:2(2006) 676 Moraceae Ficus stricta (Miq.) Miq. FT 10:4(2011) 635 Moraceae Moraceae FM 12:2(2005) 679 FT 10:4(2011) 640 Moraceae Ficus subcordata Bl. FM 17:2(2005) 680 Moraceae FT 10:4(2011) 641 Moraceae Ficus tinctoria G. Forst. ssp. gibbosa Myristicaceae (Bl.) Corn. var. gibbosa FM 12:2(2005) 292 – 295 Myristicaceae Ficus triloba B.-H. ex Voigt ssp. FT 10:4(2011) 554 – 555 Myrsinaceae triloba Myrsinaceae FM 12:2(2005) 115 Myrsinaceae Ficus variegata Bl. (syn.= Ficus hirta Vahl ssp. roxburghii (Miq.) Berg) TFB 35(2007) 26 FT 10:4(2011) 530 – 531 FM 12:2(2005) 344 (fig.), 347 – 349 FT 10:4(2011) 576, 578 Ficus vasculosa Wall. ex Miq. FM 12:2(2005) 167 – 168 Morus macroura Miq. FT 10:4(2011) 536, 537 (fig.) FM 12:1(2006) 26 (fig.), 27 FT 10:4(2011) 659, 660 (fig.) Horsfieldia amygdalina (Wall.) Warb. FT 7:4(2002) 736, 737 (fig.), var. amygdalina 738 Knema elegans Warb. FT 7:4(2002) 755, plate 27 Ardisia fulva King & Gamb. var. fulva FT 6:2(1996) 119 – 120 Ardisia nervosa Flet. FT 6:2(1996) 93 – 94 Ardisia sanguinolenta Bl. var. FCLV 32(2004) 64 – 65 sanguinolenta FT 6:2(1996) 101 (syn.= Ardisia colorata Roxb.) FBI Flora of British India FC Flora of China FIC Flore Générale de L’Indo-Chine FICS Supplement, Flore Générale de L’Indo-Chine FLCV Flore de Cambodge, du Laos, et du Vietnam FM Flora Malesiana FT Flora of Thailand GBS Gardens Bulletin Singapore KB Kew Bulletin PT Palms and Cycads of Thailand TFB Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) TFM Tree Flora of Malaya 437

CONTENT Appendix 6 Family Botanical Name References Myrsinaceae Rapanea yunnanensis Mez FT 6:2(1996) 167 Myrtaceae Decaspermum parviflorum (Lmk.) FCLV 32(2004) 182 as Myrtaceae A. J. Scott ssp. parviflorum Rapanea neriifolia (Sleb. & Eugenia cerasoides Roxb. Zucc.) Mez var. macrocarpa Myrtaceae (Pit.) C. M. Hu Myrtaceae Eugenia grandis var. grandis FC 15(1996) 37 as Eugenia grata Wight var. grata Myrsine senguinii Lev. Myrtaceae Myrtaceae Eugenia lineata (Bl.) Duth. FT 7:4(2002) 791, 792 (fig.) Myrtaceae Eugenia siamensis Craib Oleaceae Eugenia syzygioides (Miq.) Hend. FT 7:4(2002) 785 Chionanthus ramiflorus Roxb. var. (syn.= Cleistocalyx nervosum ramiflorus (DC.) Kosterm.) GBS 57(2005) 25 – 27 FT 7:4(2002) 858 – 860 (fig.) (Syzygium grande (Wight) Walp. var. grande) FT 7:4(2002) 861, 862 (fig.), 863 (Syzygium gratum (Wight) Mitra var. gratum) FT 7:4(2002) 873 – 874 (Syzygium lineatum (DC.) Merr. & Perr.) FT 7:4(2002) 899 & plate 30 (Syzygium siamense (Craib) Chant.) FT 7:4(2002) 901 – 902 (fig.) (Syzygium syzygioides(Miq.) Merr. & Perr.) FC 15(1996) 294 FT 7:2(2000) 283, 284 (fig.) FBI Flora of British India FC Flora of China FIC Flore Générale de L’Indo-Chine FICS Supplement, Flore Générale de L’Indo-Chine FLCV Flore de Cambodge, du Laos, et du Vietnam FM Flora Malesiana FT Flora of Thailand GBS Gardens Bulletin Singapore KB Kew Bulletin PT Palms and Cycads of Thailand TFB Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) TFM Tree Flora of Malaya 438

Literature references for selected species by family CONTENT Family Botanical Name References Oleaceae Oleaceae Fraxinus floribunda Wall. ex Roxb. FC 15(1996) 276 Palmae Olea brachiata (Lour.) Merr. FT 7:2(2000) 302, 303 (fig.) Palmae Areca triandra Roxb. ex B.-H Palmae Caryota mitis Lour. FT 7:2(2000) 272, 273 (fig.) Palmae Licuala poonsakii Hodel Podocarpaceae PT (1998) 10, plates 2 & 3 FT 11:3(2013) 331, 332 (fig.) Podocarpaceae Polygalaceae PT (1998) 71, plate 34 Polyosmaceae FT 11:3(2013) 389 Proteaceae Rhizophoraceae PT (1998) 120, 122, plate 60 FT 11:3(2013) 441 Rosaceae Rosaceae Pinanga sylvestris (Lour.) Hodel PT (1998) 152, 154, plate 76 Podocarpus imbricatus Bl. FT 11:3(2013) 474 FT 2:3(1975) 201, 202 (fig.) FCLV 28(1996) 95 (fig.), 97 (syn.= Dacrycarpus imbricatus (Bl.) Laub.) Podocarpus neriifolius D. Don FT 2:3(1975) 199, 200 (fig.) FCLV 28(1996) 105 – 107 (fig.) Xanthophyllum virens Roxb. FT 7:3(2001) 536 Polyosma cf. integrifolia Blume FCLV 4(1965) 45 Helicia formosana Hemsl. var. FT 5:1(1987) 117, 118 (fig.) oblanceolata Sleum. FC 5(2003) 195 Carallia brachiata (Lour.) Merr. forma FM 5(1958) 485, 486 (fig.), 487 multinervata J. Vidal (fig.) FT 2:1(1970) 13 FC 13(2007) 298 Eriobotrya bengalensis (Roxb.) Hk. f. FCLV 6(1968) 75 – 76, 79 (fig.) FT 2:1(1970) 43 Prunus arborea (Bl.) Kalk. var. FCLV 6 (1968) 189 – 191 (fig.) montana (Hook. f.) Kalk. FT 2:1(1970) 71 FBI Flora of British India FC Flora of China FIC Flore Générale de L’Indo-Chine FICS Supplement, Flore Générale de L’Indo-Chine FLCV Flore de Cambodge, du Laos, et du Vietnam FM Flora Malesiana FT Flora of Thailand GBS Gardens Bulletin Singapore KB Kew Bulletin PT Palms and Cycads of Thailand TFB Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) TFM Tree Flora of Malaya 439