M3 GAYATRI

GANGA GYAN 1) The River Ganges, also known as the Ganga, flows 2,525 kilometres (1,569 mi) from the Himalaya mountains to the Bay of Bengal in northern India and Bangladesh. The Ganges River begins in the Himalayas’ Gangotri Glacier. The glacier sits at an elevation of 3,892 meters (12,769 ft. 2) The River Ganges flows through the countries of India and Bangladesh 3) Ganga is 34th longest river in the world by length. 4) The average depth of the river is 16 meters (52 feet), and the maximum depth, 30 meters (100 feet). 5) The major rivers which flow into the Ganges are: Ramganga, Gomti, Ghaghara, Gandaki, Burhi Gandak, Koshi, Mahananda, Tamsa, Yamuna, Son, and Pun pun.

6) The mouth of River Ganga forms the world’s largest delta, known as Sundarbans, and was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1997. It covers more than 105,000 square kilometres (41,000 square miles) 7) Ganga is also the home for fresh water dolphins and Ganges sharks, both of which are endangered species with Ganges shark being critically endangered. 8) Many varieties of birds are found in Ganga such as seagulls, mynah birds, parrots, crows, kites, partridges, and fowls. In winter, ducks and snipes migrate south across the high Himalayas, settling in large numbers in water-covered areas. 10) The river flows through 29 cities with population over 100,000, 23 cities with population between 50,000 and 100,000, and about 48 towns. 11) On the Ganges banks are India’s greatest pilgrimage sites like Rishikesh, Haridwar, Varanasi, Allahabad and Kolkata, which are visited by millions of people from every corner of the world to quench their thirst for knowledge and liberation. 12) Ghaghar is the largest tributary of Ganga by volume. 13) Son is second largest tributary of Ganga.

14) The total length of river Ganga (measured along the Bhagirathi and the Hooghly) up to its outfall into Bay of Bengal is 2,525 km. 15) Varanasi is located in the middle of River Ganga. 16) Total length of River Ganga is 2510km 17) Mahatma Gandhi Setu (also called Gandhi Setu or Ganga Setu) is a bridge over the river Ganges in Bihar, India 18) It connects Patna in the south to Hajipur in the north.[3] Its length is 5,750 metres (18,860 ft) 19) Arrah–Chhapra Bridge (Bhojpuri or Veer Kunwar Singh Setu (Bhojpuri, is the longest multi- span extradosed bridge in the world with a main bridge length of 1,920 m (6,300 ft). 20) This bridge crosses over

the Ganges River in India, connecting Arrah in Bhojpur district to Chhapra in Saran district of Bihar state.[ 21 Farakka Barrage is a barrage across the Ganga river located in Murshidabad district in the Indian state of West Bengal. 22) Sonpur bridge also called J P Bridge is located in Sonpur district of Bihar. 23) Hardinge Bridge is a steel railway bridge over the river Padma located at Ishwardi, Pabna and Bheramara, Kus htia in Bangladesh. 24) Malviya Bridge, inaugurated in 1887, is a double decker bridge over the Ganges at Varanasi. It is also called The Dufferin Bridge. 25) Srikrishna Setu Munger Ganga Bridge , is a rail-cum-road bridge across the Ganges, at Munger in the Indian state of Bihar.

26) There are 17 bridges on the river Ganga. 27) Prime Minister Narendra Modi is the chairman of National Ganga River Basin Authority. 28) National Mission of Clean Gang was started in 2011. 29) Ganga Talao commonly known as Ganga Lake is a crater lake situated in a secluded mountain area in the district of Savanne of Mauritius. 30) Godavari called as Dakshin Ganga. 31) The Ganges river dolphin has been recognized as National Aquatic Animal and is the official animal of the Indian city of Guwahati.

32) Varanasi is smallest city on the bank of Ganga. 33) Kolkata is the largest city on the bank of River Ganga. 34) National Ganga River Basin Authority was established in 2009 in exercise of the powers conferred under the Environment (Protection) Act,1986. 35) Germany announced 120Euro soft loan to India to clean Ganga river. 36) VARANASI is located on the Midway of river Ganga. 37) GANGA begins at the city of Devprayag at the confluence of Alaknanada. 38) The river Ganga is home to over 140 aquatic species, including the threatened river dolphin and gharial.

39) Vikramshila Gangetic Dolphin Sanctuary is located in the State of Bihar. 40) Bhagirathi meets Alalnanda at Devprayag. 41) Padma , a distributary of Ganga flows into Bangladesh. 42) Tehri dam is constructed on River Bhagirathi. 43) Narora Atomic Power Station (NAPS) is a nuclear power plant located in Narora, Bulandshahar District in Uttar Pradesh on the bank of river Ganga. 44) Son is the South Bank Tributary of river Ganga. 45) City RISHIKESH comes first on the bank of river Ganga towards sea. 46) GANGA SAGAR is the last city on the bank of River Ganga towards sea. 47) There are 24 completed dams on the bank of River Ganga.

48) There are 8 Hydro Electric Plants on the bank of River Ganga. 49) Gomukh Glacier in Uttrakhand is the source of river Ganga. 50) Nehru Institute of Mountaineering (NIM) is located in Tekhla , Uttrakhand. 51) Bhagirathi and Alaknanda meet at Devprayag to give rise to Majestic River Ganga. 52) Son a tributary of River Ganga from Amarkantak Plateau. 53) India’s First Astronomical Observatory was set up in the year 1946 Devprayag, Uttrakhand. 54) MAHANADA , a tributary of River Ganga originates FROM Nepal –Sikkim border and joins Ganga in Bangladesh. 55) Ramganga, Kosi and Mahanada are left bank tributaries of River Ganga whereas Son is right bank tributary of River Ganga. 56) Central government has approved 370

crores Rupees for rejuvenation programme for the River Ganga in HARIDWAR & VARANASI. 57) NGRBA stands for National Ganga River Basin Authority. 58) Following countries are helping India in Clean Ganga Mission: a) Israel: Technologies for Water Purification and Fialtration. b) United Kingdom: Expertise in reviving aquatic life at the mouth of River Ganga. c) Germany: Example of cleaning up its River Rhine will be replicated for the Ganga. 59) Ramganga , Tributary of River Ganga flows through Corbett National Park. 60) River Ganga is known as HUGLI after entering in the West Bengal. 61) Ganga River flows through two countries: India and Bangladesh. 62) Total drainage area of River Ganga is

8,61,404 sq. KMS. 63) Sunderban is the largest River Delta of River Ganga located in West Bengal. 64) Ganga is declared as National River of India. 65) Yamuna joins River Ganga at Allahabad. 66) River Ganga emerges on the plains at Haridwar. 67) Mandakini River flow betwee Kedarnath and Rudraprayag. 68) Gangotri is the largest Glacier of Uttrakhand. 69) River Ganga enters to the plain areas in Haridwar. 70) The most polluted stretch of the Ganges from Gaumukh to Gangasagar lies in Kanpur. 71) The National Ganga Council holds overall responsibility to direct, develop and control River Ganga and the entire River Ganga Basin.

72) It also includes protection, prevention and abatement of environmental pollution in River Ganga. 73) The jurisdiction of the council is extended to states Himachal Pradesh, Chattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Uttarakhand, Rajasthan, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Delhi and Haryana. 74) Union Minister for Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation, Road Transport & Highways and Shipping Nitin Gadkari lays foundation stone for eleven projects for Yamuna Rejuvenation under Namami Gange Programme in New Delhi 75) MughalSarai Railway junction near the bank of River Ganga was recently renamed as Pnadit Deen Dyayal Upadhyaya Junction.

76) River Doodh Ganga flow in Jammu and Kashmir. 77) Betwa is the tributary of River Yamuna in the Ganga Basin. 78) Before the advent of British, Murshidabad on the bank of River Ganga was the capital of Bengal. 79) Total length of River Ganga in Uttrakhnad is 7010 meters 80) Total length of River Ganga in Uttar Pradesh is 1450 kms. 81) Total length of River Ganga in Bihar is 394 kms 82) Total length of River Ganga in West Bengal is 260 kms 83) Seven districts are located on the bank of river Ganga in Uttrakhand. 84) 25 districts are located on the bank of River Ganga in Uttar Pradesh. 85) 21 districts are located on the bank of River Ganga in Bihar.

86) 20 districts are located on the bank of River Ganga in West Bengal. 87) Emest Hankin, a British bacteriologist in 1869 reported Ganga water’s ability to kill bacteria responsible for cholera. 88) Total length of National Waterway 1 between Allahabad and Haldia is 1620 kms. 89) Dashashwamedh Ghat along the bank of River Ganga is situated in Varanasi. 90) Kolkata is dependent on River Hughly for its drinking water needs. 91) Madhya Ganga Barrage emerge from River Ganga near Bijnour , Uttar Pradesh. 92) Two Biosphere Reserves ie Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve and Sunderban Biosphere Reserve are located within Ganga. 93) Terrace Farming is practised in Himalayan region of Ganga Basin. 94) Kakdwip town is situated on the bank

of River Hughly in West Bengal. 95) Allahabad Fort built by Mughal emperor Akbar (1583) in Allahabad is situated on the bank of River Yamuna. 96) 25% of India’s water resources is accounted by River Ganga. 97) Ganga has around 20 minor or major tributaries. 98) River PUNPUN, a tributary of River Ganga joins at Fatua 25 km downstream of Patna. 99) Ministry of Environment and Forests has given the responsibility of preparing the Ganga River Basin Environment Management Plan to the Consortium of Seven IITs. 100) City Kannau located on the bank of River Ganga is famous for its Perfume. 101) Betwa is known as Ganga of Madhya Pradesh.

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