Monthly Pib October 2019

pg. 1 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019 PIB Monthly Magazine (October - 2019) Copyright ©Aspire IAS All rights are reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior permission of Aspire lAS. Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 2 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019 ASPIRE IAS SR. NO. PIB INDEX Page Number 1. 3 Topic Name 2. 5 School Education Quality Index NITI 3. Aayog 6 4. 7 5. Report on PaleoChannel on North-West 8 6. India 8 7. 8 8. BRAHMOS Missile 10 9. Global Urbanization Shift 11 Asian Development Bank (ADB) Swachh Bharat Diwas 2019 Paryatan Parv The Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management (FRBM) Act United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) 10. Central Electricity Authority 12 11 Atal Innovation Mission 14 12. Ganga Aamantran 16 13. Wildlife Institute of India 17 14. Pradhan Mantri Innovative Learning 19 Programme- DHRUV 15. Indian Technical and Economic 22 Cooperation (ITEC) Programme 16. India-China 2nd Informal Summit- 23 Mamallapuram Summit 17. Wuhan Spirit: 23 18. Ek Bharat Shreshtha Bharat 24 Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 3 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019 19. Maritime States Development Council 27 20. National Security Guard (NSG) 29 21. Food Safety Mitra Scheme 30 22. Van Dhan Internship Programme 31 23. EX-EASTERN BRIDGE-V 32 24. India Innovation Index 2019 33 25. Nuclear Energy Conclave 34 26. Hagibis Typhoon 38 27. Rashtriya Sanskriti Mahotsav 39 28. Conference on One Nation One Fastag 40 29. 41 DHARMA GUARDIAN – 2019 42 46 30. 47 India and Comoros sign MoUs 52 31. 38th India Carpet Expo in Varanasi 53 32. Progress under National Health 57 Mission (NHM) 60 61 33. WHO India Country Cooperation Strategy 2019–2023 34. eDantseva website 35. North East Handloom and Handicraft Exhibition in Aizawl 36. Vayoshreshtha Sammans 37. Converting Used Cooking Oil to Biodiesel Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 4 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019 School Education Quality o learning levels, access, equity, infrastructure Index NITI Aayog and governance processes. National Institution for Transforming India (NITI)  Ranking Process: Aayog has released the first edition of the School Education Quality Index (SEQI). o To facilitate like-to-like comparisons, States and UTs have been grouped as Large States, Small  SEQI has been developed by NITI Aayog States and Union Territories. to evaluate the performance of States and Union Territories (UTs) in the school education sector.  Within each of these groups, the indicator values have been appropriately scaled, normalized and  Developed through a collaborative process weighted to generate an overall performance score including key stakeholders such as the Ministry of and ranking for each State and UT. Human Resource Development (MHRD), the World Bank and sector experts, the index consists o States and UTs were ranked on their overall of 30 critical indicators that assess the delivery of performance in the reference year 2016-17, as well quality education. as on the change in their performance between the reference year and base year (2015-16). School Education Quality Index  Performance of the States:  Composition: o Among 20 large States, Kerala was ranked first for overall performance on the quality of school o SEQI is based on a set of indicators that measure education while Uttar Pradesh came in last. the overall effectiveness, quality and efficiency of the Indian school education system.  However, Haryana, Assam and Uttar Pradesh showed the most improvement in their performance in 2016-17, in comparison to the base year of 2015-16. o Among smaller States, Manipur emerged as the best performer, while Chandigarh topped thelist of Union Territories.  It is to be noted that all seven UTs have shown an improvement in their performance. o West Bengal refused to participate in the evaluation process and has not been included in the rankings.  Aim: How the Index will help States? o To drive policy reforms that will improve the o The index recognises that school education is a quality of school education. subject on the Concurrent List and that State-level leadership is crucial for improving outcomes in a o To institutionalise a focus on enhancing cost-effective manner. education outcomes by driving improvements in o The index will serve as a regular and transparent review of the status of school education quality across the States and UTs. Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 5 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019 o The index encourages States/UTs to improve  The newly discovered river was a buried their scores by showing progress across these paleochannel that joins the Yamuna river at aspects. Durgapur village, about 26 km south of the current Ganga-Yamuna confluence at Prayagraj. o In line with NITI Aayog’s mandate to foster the spirit of competitive and cooperative federalism, the  The genesis of these buried rivers followed index strives to facilitate the sharing of knowledge a Report on PaleoChannel on North-West India. and best practices across States and UTs.  The knowledge on subsurface connectivity between Ganga and Yamuna rivers will play a very NITI Aayog crucial role in the planning of Ganga cleaning and  The National Institution for Transforming India, protecting safe groundwater resources, also called NITI Aayog, was formed via a resolution Palaeochannels of the Union Cabinet on 1st January 2015. o The Government of India constituted the NITI  A channel that is no longer part of an active Aayog to replace the Planning Commission river system and has ceased to be a conduit of water is commonly referred to as a palaeochannel. instituted in 1950.  It occurs when rivers change their course either due to the movement of tectonic plates or severe  It is the premier policy ‘Think Tank’ of the floods and cut new ones. Government of India, providing both directional and policy inputs.  Some of the palaeochannels lie buried under younger sediments.  While designing strategic and long term policies and programmes for the Government of India, NITI  Palaeochannels are commonly occurring Aayog also provides relevant technical advice to the landforms in alluvial landscapes, and have an Centre and States. economic significance because of their use in the exploration for freshwater resources, artificial  The Governing Council of NITI, with the Prime recharge and storage of groundwater. Minister as its Chairman, comprises Chief Ministers of all States and Lt. Governors of Union  Additionally, they are of importance in the Territories (UTs). location and assessment of mineral deposits such as uraniferous ores, gold, silver and other placer Ancient River Unearthed in Uttar deposits hosted in them. Pradesh Report on PaleoChannel on North- The Union Jal Shakti Ministry has excavated an old, West India dried-up river in the Prayagraj during geophysical survey covering the Prayagraj and Kaushambi region  The report has been prepared by the K.S. in Uttar Pradesh. Valdiya Committee under the Ministry of Jal Shakti.  An excavated river linked the Ganga and Yamuna rivers.  The report is based on the study of the land texture, piles of sediments, shapes, and features of  The “Ancient Buried River” is around 4 km states of North-West India including- Rajasthan, wide, 45 km long and consisted of a 15-meter- Haryana, and Punjab. thick layer buried under the soil. Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 6 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019  The found sediments are reminiscent of ones o Rheumatic fever is endemic in India and found in present-day Ghaggar, Ganga, and remains one of the major causes of cardiovascular the Yamuna. disease, accounting for nearly 25-45% of acquired  The report is an assertion of the assumption heart disease. that River Saraswati originated from Adibadri in  Population-based studies indicate the Himalaya to culminate in the Arabian Sea through prevalence of rheumatic heart disease in India to the Runn of Kutch. be at a rate of about 2/1000 population.  The report also states that the river once upon a o The surveys however conducted by (ICMR) at time was the lifeline of the North-Western states of the school-level indicate that the children in the India. age group of 5-16 years mark the overall prevalence at the rate of 6/1000. Penicillin Revival to Fight Rheumatic Fever  According to the Health ministry, rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease can be treated by In a bid to fight drug resistance and tackle the the intake of penicillin. prevalence of rheumatic heart disease, the Government of India is planning a revival of the drug o Penicillin is the cheapest option for rheumatic named Penicillin. fever treatment. Background Maternal death  Penicillin was the first antibiotic that was  According to the World Health discovered in 1928 by Alexander Fleming. Organization, maternal death is the death of a woman while pregnant or within 42 days of  It is still the first-line antibiotic drug in many termination of pregnancy, irrespective of the western countries. This antibiotic was extensively duration and site of the pregnancy, from any cause used to treat American soldiers wounded in World related to or aggravated by the pregnancy or its War II. management but not from accidental or incidental causes.  In India, it gradually went out of the markets because of unrealistic price control measures of the Maternal Mortality Ratio government.  The maternal mortality ratio (MMR) is defined  The prices of the drug were kept so low that the as the number of maternal deaths during a given manufacturers stopped making the drug and time period per 100,000 live births during the Penicillin went out of production. Although some of same time period. In India, the MMR its more expensive derivatives continued to be was 130/100,000 in 2016. prescribed. Rheumatic Fever Underlying Need  It is an inflammatory disease that can develop  India has a high burden of rheumatic fever as a complication of inadequately treated strep throat and rheumatic heart disease (which generally or scarlet fever. goes undiagnosed and leads to many maternal deaths at the time of childbirth). Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 7 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019 o Rheumatic fever can cause permanent damage  Brahmos is a multiplatform i.e it can to the heart, including damaged heart valves and heart be launched from land, air, and sea and multi failure. capability missile with pinpoint accuracy that o Not all sore throats go on to become rheumatic works in both day and night irrespective of the fever with severe joint pain or affect the heart in a weather conditions. disease that eventually leaves no option but to replace  It operates on the \"Fire and Forgets\" principle the heart valves- a condition known as rheumatic i.e it does not require further guidance after launch. heart disease.  Brahmos is one of the fastest cruise  Prevalence: Rheumatic fever is most common missile currently operationally deployed with in 5-15 years old children, though it can also speed of Mach 2.8, which is 3 times more than develop in younger children and adults. the speed of sound.  Cause: Rheumatic fever can occur after an International Day of Older Persons infection of the throat with a bacterium called Group A streptococcus. The International Day of Older Persons is observed on 1st October (designated in 1990 by o Group A streptococcus infections of the throat the United Nations General Assembly) every year. cause strep throat or, less commonly, scarlet fever. Group A streptococcus infections of the skin or other  2019 Theme: ‘The Journey to Age Equality’ parts of the body rarely trigger rheumatic fever. o The 2019 theme is aligned BRAHMOS Missile with Sustainable Development Goal 10 (SDG 10) and focuses on pathways of coping with BRAHMOS supersonic cruise missile featuring existing — and preventing future — old age Indian propulsion system, airframe, power supply, inequalities. and other major indigenous components has been successfully test-fired. o SDG 10 has the target to reduce inequality within and among countries and ensure equal  BRAHMOS is a joint venture between opportunities for all. the (DRDO) and the NPOM of Russia. Initiatives Taken by India  Brahmos is named on the rivers Brahmaputra and Moskva.  The Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment is the Nodal Ministry for matters  It is a two-stage (solid propellant engine in the relating to the Senior Citizens. first stage and liquid ramjet in second) air to surface missile with a flight range of around 300  Integrated Programme for Senior Citizens - It is km. the central sector scheme and its main objective is to improve the quality of life of the Senior Citizens o However, India's entry into by providing basic amenities like shelter, food, the has extended the range of the BRAHMOS medical care and entertainment opportunities and missile to reach 450 km-600km, a shade above its by encouraging productive and active ageing current MTCR capped range of 300 km. through providing support for capacity building of State/ UT Governments/Non-Governmental  Brahmos is the heaviest weapon to be Organizations (NGOs)/Panchayati Raj Institutions deployed on Su-30 MKI fighter aircraft, with a (PRIs) / local bodies and the community at large. weight of 2.5 tonnes. Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 8 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019  Pradhan Mantri Vaya Vandana Yojana: It was  The urban population in this region increased at launched in May 2017 and is aimed towards an average 3.4% per annum from 1970 to 2017. providing social security during old age and to  This was much faster than the 2.6% in the rest protect elderly people aged 60 and above against a of the developing world (mainly Africa and Latin future fall in their income due to uncertain market America) and 1.0% in the developed world. conditions. The scheme provides an assured return  The recent trend in Urbanisation, according of 8% per annum for 10 years. to World Urbanization Prospects Report-2018:  Maintenance and Welfare of Parents and Senior  Urban growth is closely related to the three Citizens (MWPSC) Act, 2007: It was enacted in dimensions of sustainable development: social, December 2007 to ensure need-based maintenance economic, and environmental. for Parents and Senior Citizens and their welfare. Global Urbanization Shift  To ensure that the benefits of urbanization are shared and that no one is left behind, policies to According to the economic outlook of Asian manage urban growth need to ensure access to Development Outlook Report-2019, the number infrastructure and social services for all, focusing of urban inhabitants in developing Asia has on the needs of the urban poor and other vulnerable increased almost five times since 1970. groups for housing, education, health care, decent work and a safe environment.  Asian Development Outlook Report is released  Globally, more people live in urban areas than by the Asian Development Bank (ADB). in rural areas, with 55% of the world’s population residing in urban areas in 2018.  It used the data from the World Urbanization Prospects report that is released by the Department  India, China, and Nigeria are expected to of Economic and Social Affairs of the United account for 35% of the growth in the world’s urban Nations. population between 2018 and 2050. India is projected to add 416 million urban dwellers, China 255 million Key Findings and Nigeria 189 million.  Between 1970 to 2017, the urban population in  Tokyo is the world’s largest city with an Developing Asia group of countries grew from 375 agglomeration of 37 million inhabitants, followed million to 1.84 billion. The global increase in urban by Delhi with 29 million, Shanghai with 26 million, population led by this region accounted for approx. and Mexico City and São Paulo, each with around 22 53%. million inhabitants. Cairo, Mumbai, Beijing and Dhaka all have close to 20 million inhabitants. o Two-thirds of the nearly 1.5.billion additional city dwellers in Developing Asia belong to India Asian Development Bank (ADB) and China. o Developing Asia refers to a group of 45  The Asian Development Bank (ADB) is countries that are members of the ADB. a regional development bank that aims to promote social and economic development in Asia.  According to the report, the Developing Asia group urbanized faster than the rest of the world  It was established in December 1966 and is not only in terms of absolute growth but also in headquartered in Manila, Philippines. terms of the growth rate.  Japan holds the largest proportion of shares in ADB followed by the USA. Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 9 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019 Swachh Bharat Diwas 2019 Desh’, with the objective to encourage Indians to visit various tourist destinations of the country  The Prime Minister inaugurated the Swachh focusing on the benefits of tourism, and showcasing Bharat Diwas 2019 on the occasion of the cultural diversity of the country. It also aims to the Mahatma’s 150th birth anniversary in spread the message of ‘Tourism for All’. Ahmedabad, Gujarat.  The Tourism minister highlighted that  Prime Minister also released a postage stamp sustained efforts to promote tourism has helped to and silver coin to commemorate the 150th birth improve our world tourism ranking, which has anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi. jumped from 65th in 2013 to 34th position in 2019.  The event has been made more memorable after o The ranking was published in the Travel & the UN released a postal stamp on Gandhiji a few Tourism Cometitivesness Report - 2019 released by days back. the World Economic Forum.  On the same occasion, Prime Minister of India o According to him, the aim to double the proposed the “Einstein Challenge” as a tribute to number of tourists will be achieved much before Mahatma Gandhi. the set target of 2022. o Albert Einstein’s famous words on Gandhi says Three Components of Paryatan Parv that “Generations to come will scarce believe that such a one as this ever in flesh and blood walked upon  Dekho Apna Desh: To encourage Indians to this earth.” travel their own country. In the run-up to the Parv, several activities are organized across the country like o Considering the above statement photography contest, promotion on social media, Einstein Challenge invites thinkers, entrepreneurs, tourism related quiz, Essay, etc. General public and tech leaders to be at the forefront of spreading engagement for the event is promoted through Gandhi’s ideas through innovation to make it reach the MyGov platform. future generations.  Tourism for All: Tourism events at sites  On the occasion of Swachh Bharat Divas 2019, across all states in the country are being organized. the Ministry of Railways also released Station Cleanliness Survey 2019. o Rajasthan’s Jaipur station topped the list The activities at these sites will include illumination of cleanest railway stations in India, in the non- in and around the sites, cultural programmes of suburban group of stations. dance, music, theatre etc. o In the suburban group of  Tourism & Governance: Interactive sessions & workshops with the help of concerned stakeholders stations, Maharashtra’s Andheri station has on varied themes have been organized across the country as a part of the Paryatan Parv activities. topped the list. RBI’s Report on State Finances o The cleanest railway zone 2019 award has been given to the North Western Railway Zone. Paryatan Parv The Reserve Bank Of India (RBI) has released a report titled \"State Finances: A Study of Budgets of The Ministry of Tourism inaugurated the 2019-20\". nationwide Paryatan Parv-2019 to mark the 150th birth anniversary of Mahatma  It is an annual publication that provides Gandhi. It will be held across the country information, analysis and an assessment of the from 2nd to 13th October 2019. finances of state governments.  The underlying idea behind ‘Paryatan Parv’ is to propagate the message of ‘Dekho Apna Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 10 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019 Key Findings o States may have to take over higher losses of power distribution companies if they do not Fiscal Deficit: show a turnaround in their performance. o States’ Gross Fiscal Deficit (GFD) has Suggestions: remained within the Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management Act (FRBM) threshold of 3% of Gross o States need to gradually harness the GST Domestic Product (GDP) during 2017-18 and 2018-19. database to expand the tax base. o For 2019-20, States have budgeted a o They also need to review their tariff policies consolidated GFD of 2.6% of GDP. relating to power and irrigation, keeping in mind the break-even user charges. Concerns: o States need to combine efforts towards mobilising o Outstanding debt of States have risen over higher revenues with strategies to maximise the last five years to 25% of GDP, making efficiency gains rather than mere increase in tax rates. sustainability of debt the main fiscal challenge. The Fiscal Responsibility and Budget o States’ GFD was within the threshold of Management (FRBM) Act FRBM Act due to sharp reduction in capital expenditure by states.  The Act was enacted in 2003 which set targets for the government to reduce fiscal deficits. The o Sharp reduction in capital expenditure by targets were put off several times. states has potentially adverse implications for the pace and quality of economic  Hence, in May 2016, the government set up development. This is because states employ a committee under NK Singh to review the FRBM about five times more people and spend around Act. one and a half times more than the Centre. o The committee recommended that the o Moreover, public expenditure by government should target a fiscal deficit of 3% of states influences the quality of physical and the GDP in the years up to March 31, 2020, cut it to social capital infrastructure of the economy. 2.8% in 2020-21 and to 2.5% by 2023. Challenges: Fiscal Deficit o States’ revenue prospects are confronted  Fiscal Deficit is the difference between the with low tax buoyancies, shrinking revenue total income of the government (total taxes and autonomy under the Goods and Services Tax non-debt capital receipts) and its total expenditure. (GST) framework and unpredictability associated with transfers of the Integrated GST  It is an indication of the total borrowings (IGST) and grants. needed by the government. o Unrealistic revenue forecasts in budget o It is to be noted that while calculating the total estimates thereby leave no option for states than revenue, borrowings are not included. expenditure compression in even the most productive and employment-generating heads.  Gross Fiscal Deficit: It is the excess of total expenditure over revenue receipts (including external grants) and non-debt capital receipts. Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 11 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019  Net Fiscal Deficit: It is the gross fiscal deficit o Atal New India Challenges- Fostering product less net lending of the Central government. innovations and aligning them to the needs of The Gandhian Challenge various sectors/ministries. On the 150th birth Anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi, o Mentor India Campaign- A national Mentor the Atal Innovation Mission (AIM), NITI Aayog’s network in collaboration with the public sector, Atal Tinkering Labs (ATL) and United Nations corporates, and institutions, to support all the Children’s Fund (UNICEF) India has launched ‘the initiatives of the mission. Gandhian Challenge’. o Atal Community Innovation Center- To stimulate community-centric innovation and ideas  This innovation challenge provides a platform in the unserved /underserved regions of the country including Tier 2 and Tier 3 cities. for every child across India to ideate innovative solutions for a sustainable India of their o ARISE- To stimulate innovation and research dreams, using Gandhi’s principles. in the MSME industry.  The contest – open for every child in United Nations Children’s Fund India from 2 October to 20 October – also (UNICEF) celebrates 70 years of partnership between the Government of India and UNICEF India to  UNICEF is an integral part of the United enable Every Right for Every Child. Nations, which works with governments, communities, civil society organizations, the private  The most innovative, sustainable sector, and other partners worldwide to advance solutions/ideas will be showcased as a symbol of children’s rights, and is guided by the Convention on a larger movement by children taking root in the Rights of the Child. every district of India.  Ideas and solutions to the Gandhian Challenge  Generation Unlimited is a new UNICEF-led may be expressed through broad categories: Art & global partnership that aims to ensure that every Innovation (Letters, poems, painting, videos, and young person age 10-24 is in some form of school, photos, among others) and Science, Technology & learning, training, self-employment, or age- Innovation (Robotics, IoT, sensors and 3D appropriate employment by 2030. printers, among others). Atal Innovation Mission (AIM) o It aims to co-create and scale up proven solutions related to secondary age-education, skills for  AIM is the NITI Ayog’s initiative to promote a learning, employability and decent work, and culture of innovation and entrepreneurship in the empowerment, with a focus on girls. country. Consumer App Six major initiatives of AIM: Recently, Union Minister of Consumer Affairs, Food o Atal Tinkering Labs (ATL)- Creating a and Public Distribution has launched the ‘Consumer problem-solving mindset across schools in India. App’ to fast-track consumer grievance redressal process. o Atal Incubation Centers- Fostering world- class start-ups and adding a new dimension to the  It will provide an effective forum for incubator model. consumers to give their valuable suggestions to the department on consumer-related issues. Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 12 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019  The app aims to provide a one-stop Coal and Railways, Central Electricity Authority solution for consumer grievance redressal. (CEA), Power Utilities and Coal companies.  The registered consumer will be informed  This group holds weekly meetings to review about their complaint via SMS/email with a unique coal supply situation as well as railway logistics. number which can be tracked by the consumer.  It was observed that this mechanism  There will be a time-bound resolution of all faced several issues such as scattered grievances. information, correctness of data from different organizations, timely availability of data etc. This o Grievances in simple nature will be often led to difficulties in decision making. resolved within 20 days Benefits of Portal to the Stakeholders o Grievances in Complex nature will be  Stakeholders including the Central Electricity solved within 60 days. Authority (CEA) and Power System Operation Corporation Ltd. (POSOCO) can review overall o If after 60 days the grievance is not availability of coal at thermal power plants in resolved, the consumer will be advised to proceed different regions. The Portal will make available to consumer fora. related reports. o Also, now the consumer will be informed  Coal company will be able to track stocks and before the closure of a complaint and if the the coal requirement at power stations for effective consumer is not satisfied then the complaint will be production planning. referred further to the concerned department.  Consumers can use this app in both Hindi and  Indian Railways will plan to place the English languages. rakes as per actual coal available. PRAKASH Portal  Power stations can plan future schedule by knowing rakes in pipe line and expected time to The government has launched a web portal, reach. PRAKASH (Power Rail Koyla Availability through Supply Harmony), with a view NTPC to improving coordination between the power, coal and railway ministries to ensure coal  NTPC is India’s largest energy supplies to power plants. conglomerate with roots planted way back in 1975 to accelerate power development in India.  It has been developed by NTPC and sources data from different stakeholders such as Central  Its mission is to provide reliable power and Electricity Authority (CEA), Centre for Railway related solutions in an economical, efficient and Information System (CRIS) and coal companies. environment friendly manner, driven by innovation and agility.  The portal is not accessible to the general public.  NTPC became a Maharatna company in May 2010. Background  It is located in New Delhi.  Present mechanism to review coal supply Central Electricity Authority situation consists of an inter-ministerial group which has officials from Ministries of Power, Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 13 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019  CEA is an organization originally constituted  The reforms are expected to reduce the under Section 3(1) of the repealed Electricity (Supply) grievance disposal time and improve the quality of Act, 1948, since substituted by Section 70 of the grievance redressal. Electricity Act, 2003. CPGRAMS  One of its objectives is to formulate National Electricity Plan every five years for optimum  It is an online web-enabled system developed utilization of available resources for power generation. by National Informatics Centre (Ministry of  It works under the Ministry of Power and is Electronics & IT [MeitY]), in association with located in New Delhi. Directorate of Public Grievances (DPG) and Department of Administrative Reforms and Public Power System Operation Corporation Grievances (DARPG). Ltd. o The underlying idea was to receive, redress and monitor the grievances of the public.  POSOCO is a Government of India enterprise that supervise and control all aspect concerning  It was launched by the Department of operations and manpower requirement of the Administrative Reforms & Public Regional Load Despatch Centres (RLDCs) and Grievances (DARPG) under the Ministry of the National Load Despatch Centre (NLDC). Personnel, Public Grievances & Pensions.  NLDC and RLDCs are responsible for  The CPGRAMS provides the facility to lodge a operating the electricity market working in the grievance online from any geographical location. country. They function under the Electricity Act, 2003. o It enables the citizen to track online the grievance being followed up with Departments concerned and  NLDC is located in New Delhi. also enables DARPG to monitor the grievance. Centre for Railway Information System  The procedure includes designating a senior officer as the Director of Grievances/Grievance  The Ministry of Railways set up CRIS as a officer in every office to ensure that the system society in July 1986. remains accessible, simple, quick, fair and responsive, and fixing the time limit for disposal of work relating  Its area of work includes information systems to public grievances and staff grievances. from all disciplines and functions of the Indian Railways. Electric Vehicle Charging Guidelines and Specifications  It is headquartered in New Delhi. Centralized Public Grievances The Government of India has approved amendments Redress and Monitoring System in Electric Vehicle (EV) charging guidelines and (CPGRAMS) specifications. Recently, the Minister of State (Personnel, Public  The revised guidelines include: Grievances & Pensions) has launched the Centralized Public Grievances Redress and o A phase-wise installation of charging Monitoring System (CPGRAMS) reforms in infrastructure : the Department of Posts. Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 14 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019  The first phase ( 1-3 years) : All megacities and infrastructure, in performing the functions assigned connected expressways with a population of 4 to it under the Energy Conservation Act, 2001. million-plus as per census 2011. Youth Co:Lab  The second phase (3-5 years) : State capitals, UT headquarters. Atal Innovation Mission (AIM) NITI Aayog and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)  At least one charging station to be set up in India has launched ‘Youth Co:Lab’ which aims a grid of 3 km X 3 km in the cities at accelerating social entrepreneurship and innovation in young India. o One charging station at every 25 km on both sides of highways/roads.  It was co-created in 2017 by UNDP and the Citi Foundation and is operational in 25 countries o Fast charging station at every 100 kms (one across the Asia Pacific region. on each side of the highways).  The initiative aims to create an enabling o Private charging at residences/offices to be ecosystem to promote youth leadership, innovation, managed by DISCOMs. and social entrepreneurship. o The Public Charging Stations (PCS) to be a de- Youth Co:Lab’ in India: licensed activity, implying that any individual/entity is free to set up public charging o For Promoting Entrepreneurship: The initiative stations. will convene a series of youth dialogues across several cities such as New Delhi, Hyderabad, Bangalore and o Freedom to PCS owners to install the Mumbai to promote entrepreneurship across India. chargers (various types and numbers) as per the market requirement. o Focus on Youth and SDGs: AIM and UNDP are collaborating to spread awareness about different o The tariffs to be charged in accordance with issues pertaining to youth, the future of work and the tariff policy issued under Electricity Act the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). 2003. o Promoting Innovation: The initiative will o Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) will be convene social innovation challenges at the national the Central Nodal Agency, while State Nodal and sub-national level, which will invite young people Agency for the respective states to be set up. in the age group of 18-29 years and start-ups to showcase their proposed ideas and solutions to tackle  The revised policy is expected to help some of the region’s biggest social challenges. for Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of (Hybrid & Electric Vehicles) in India.  They will also get the opportunity to pitch their ideas at the UNDP’s regional centre in 2020. Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) Atal Innovation Mission  The BEE is a statutory body under the  AIM including Self-Employment and Talent Ministry of Power, Government of India. Utilisation (SETU) is Government of India’s endeavour to promote a culture of innovation and  It assists in developing policies and entrepreneurship. strategies with the primary objective of reducing the energy intensity of the Indian economy.  Its objective is to serve as a platform for the promotion of world-class innovation hubs, grand  BEE coordinates with designated consumers, challenges, start-up businesses and other self- designated agencies, and other organizations to employment activities, particularly in technology identify and utilize the existing resources and driven areas. Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 15 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019 NITI Aayog Special Task Battalion while Indian Army is being  The National Institution for Transforming India, represented by a battalion of the RAJPUTANA also called NITI Aayog, was formed via a RIFLES Regiment. resolution of the Union Cabinet on 1st January 2015.  It aimed at training troops in counter insurgency & counter terrorism operations under United Nations  The Government of India constituted the NITI mandate. Aayog to replace the Planning Commission instituted in 1950.  The joint exercise will enhance defence co- operation and military relations between the two  It is the premier policy ‘Think Tank’ of the nations. It is an ideal platform for the armies of both Government of India, providing both directional the nations to share their experiences & best practices and policy inputs. and gain mutually during the joint training.  While designing strategic and long term World Cotton Day policies and programmes for the Government of India, NITI Aayog also provides relevant technical The World Trade Organisation (WTO) is hosting the advice to the Centre and States. event at the request of Cotton-4 (Benin, Burkina Faso, Chad and Mali) to celebrate their official  The Governing Council of NITI, with application for recognition of October 7 as World the Prime Minister as its Chairman, comprises Cotton Day by the United Nations. Chief Ministers of all States and Lt. Governors of Union Territories (UTs). United Nations Development Programme India  The World Trade Organisation (WTO) is organizing World Cotton Day event in collaboration  UNDP works in almost 170 countries and with the United Nations Food and Agriculture territories, helping to achieve the eradication of Organization (FAO), the United Nations Conference poverty, and the reduction of inequalities and on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), the exclusion, while protecting the planet. International Trade Centre (ITC) and the International Cotton Advisory Committee (ICAC).  UNDP has worked in India since 1951 in almost all areas of human development, from Objective systems and institutional strengthening to inclusive growth and sustainable livelihoods.  To give exposure and recognition to cotton and all its stakeholders in production, transformation and  UNDP India's country programme for 2018- trade, 2022 has three major focus areas:  To engage donors and beneficiaries and strengthen o Inclusive growth development assistance for cotton, o Environment and energy  To seek new collaborations with the private sector and investors for the cotton related industries and o Strengthening systems and institutions production in developing countries and promote technological advances, as well as further research and UNDP Country Office is located in New Delhi. development on cotton. Nomadic Elephant-14 Cotton The 14th edition of India-Mongolia joint military exercise is being held from 5th to 18th October at Bakloh, Himachal Pradesh.  The Mongolian Army is being represented by  Cotton is a kharif crop which requires 6 to 8 officers and troops of the elite 084 Airborne months to mature. Its time of sowing and harvesting Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 16 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019 differs in different parts of the country depending upon  The major role of the CCI is to undertake price the climatic conditions. support operations, whenever the market prices of  Cotton is the crop of tropical and sub-tropical cotton falls below the minimum support prices areas and requires uniformly high temperature (MSP). varying between 21°C and 30°C. The growth of Ganga Aamantran cotton is retarded when the temperature falls below 20°C. The Ganga Aamantran Abhiyan is an exploratory open-water rafting and kayaking  Cotton is a drought – resistant crop ideal for arid expedition on the Ganga River that is to be held climates and requires an average annual rainfall of between 10th October 2019 to 11th November 2019. 50- 100 cm.  It requires at least 210 frost free days in a year.  The expedition will start at Devprayag (Uttarakhand) and will culminate  It occupies just 2.1 % of the world’s arable land, at Ganga Sagar (West Bengal) covering the entire yet it meets 27% of the world’s textiles need. In stretch of the Ganga River. addition to its fibre used in textiles and apparel, food products are also derived from cotton like edible oil  This is the first-ever effort by National Mission for and animal feed from the seed. Clean Ganga to raft across the entire stretch of the river.  India is the second largest producer of cotton in the world after China.  The expedition is expected to draw focused attention to the ecological challenges being faced by  Between 2011 and 2018, India implemented Ganga. a Cotton Technical Assistance Programme (Cotton TAP-I) for seven African countries o It is the longest ever social campaign undertaken namely Benin, Burkina Faso, Mali and Chad and through an adventure sporting activity to spread the also Uganda, Malawi and Nigeria. message of river rejuvenation and water conservation on a massive scale.  The technical assistance focused on improving the competitiveness of the cotton and cotton-based o A nine-member team of swimmers and rafters textiles and apparel industry in these countries from the three services of the Indian Armed through a series of interventions which had Forces will organize mass cleaning drives, interact significant outcomes leading to a demand for a with students of the village/city and will further spread follow on project. the message of river conservation. Cotton Corporation of India  Apart from the awareness campaign, the team from CSIR–Indian Institute of Toxicology  CCI was established on 31st July 1970 under the Research will collect water samples from across administrative control of Ministry of Textiles, diverse ranges of the river for the purpose of water Government of India as a Public Sector Undertaking testing, while members of the Wildlife Institute of under the Companies Act 1956. India will undertake flora and fauna census for the year 2019.  CCI is having pan India presence through headquarters at Navi Mumbai (Maharashtra) to  The expedition will encompass the five Ganga safeguard the economic interest of cotton farmers in basin states that includes, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, all the cotton growing regions and to ensure smooth Jharkhand, Bihar, and West Bengal. supply of good quality cotton to the textile industry in India. Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 17 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019  Ganga Aamantran also aims to connect various o PFZ provide information about the probable Ganga’s stakeholders in order to improve its water locations of fish aggregation in the seas to the quality. fishermen, while Council of Scientific & Industrial  GEMINI is a portable receiver that is linked to Research- Indian Institute of ISRO-satellites. With this device, the fishermen Toxicology Research (CSIR- IITR) outside the signal range of their phone companies (i.e. 10-12 km) can also access warnings and alerts,  CSIR-IITR is a leading laboratory of CSIR in as the device can send signals up to 300 nautical toxicology research that aims to mitigate the miles. problems associated with human health and the environment.  It will facilitate satellite-based communication that will be highly useful while dealing with  It was established in 1965 and is based cyclones, high waves, and tsunamis. in Lucknow, UP.  Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Wildlife Institute of India Services (INCOIS) in collaboration with the Airports Authority of India (AAI) utilized  The Wildlife Institute of India (WII) is the GAGAN (GPS Aided Geo Augmented an autonomous institution under the Ministry of Navigation) satellite while developing the GEMINI Environment Forest and Climate change. device.  It was established in 1982.  GAGAN was developed by the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) and the Airports  It is based in Dehradun, Uttarakhand. Authority of India. It is India's first satellite-based global positioning system that relies on  It offers training programs, academic courses, ISRO’s GSAT satellites. and advisory in wildlife research and management.  The drawback of this device is that it only GEMINI Device allows one-way communication, i.e, it can’t be used by fishermen to make calls. The Union Minister of Earth Sciences has recently launched the Gagan Enabled Mariner’s o Also, it is relatively expensive for the average Instrument for Navigation and Information fisherman (priced at ₹9,000 per device). The (GEMINI) device. attempts are being made to subsidize it by as much as 90%.  The device is developed for effective dissemination of emergency information and Indian National Centre for Ocean communication on Ocean States Forecast and Information Services (INCOIS) mapping of Potential Fishing Zones (PFZ) to fishermen.  INCOIS is an autonomous organization under the Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES). o Ocean States Forecast provides the accurate state of the ocean that includes the forecasts related  It is located in Hyderabad & was established to winds, waves, ocean currents, water temperature, in 1999 under the MoES and is a unit of the Earth etc. System Science Organization (ESSO). Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 18 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019  It is mandated to provide the best possible ocean o Health and wellness by addressing the information and advisory services to society, determinants of health. industry, government agencies and the scientific o Protection against health emergencies. community through sustained ocean observations and constant improvement through systematic and o India’s global leadership in health. focused research.  The India CCS fully aligns itself with WHO Exercise Ekuverin 'triple billion' targets, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and WHO South-East The tenth edition of the Joint Military Asia Region’s eight Flagship Priorities. Exercise Ekuverin, between the Indian Army and the Maldives National Defence Force, is being  It urges to address emerging health held from 7th-20th October, 2019 in Pune, scenario of the country like non-communicable Maharashtra. diseases, antimicrobial resistance, and air pollution, etc.  India and Maldives have been conducting  The India CCS also connects with Exercise Ekuverin meaning ‘Friends’ in the India’s National Health Policy 2017, and other Maldivian language since 2009. initiatives like Ayushman Bharat, National Viral Hepatitis programme,Eat Right India movement the  The 14 days Joint Exercise is held alternatively Fit India movement and Poshan Abhiyaan that have in India and Maldives. collectively engaged with the people and enhanced the awareness about crucial health areas.  It focuses on enhancing interoperability between the two forces for carrying out counter insurgency WHO 'Triple Billion' targets and counter-terrorism operations in a semi-urban environment under the United Nations mandate.  It is a strategic plan for the next five years.  The ninth edition of the exercise was held in 2018 in Maldives.  It aims for WHO India Country Cooperation o One billion more people to be benefitted Strategy 2019–2023 from Universal Health Coverage (UHC) Union Minister for Health & Family Welfare has o One billion more people to be protected from launched ‘the World Health Organisation (WHO) health emergencies India Country Cooperation Strategy 2019–2023: A Time of Transition’. o One billion more people to be covered for better health and well-being.  The Country Cooperation Strategy (CCS) is National Health Policy, 2017 a medium-term vision for WHO’s cooperation with a given Member State.  It aims to achieve universal access to good quality health care services without anyone having  The CCS provides a strategic roadmap for to face financial hardship as a consequence. the WHO to work with India towards achieving its health sector goals.  It intends to gradually increase public health expenditure to 2.5% of the GDP.  The four areas for strategic cooperation of WHO with India include: o Universal Health Coverage (UHC). Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 19 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019  It proposes free drugs, free diagnostics, and free o According to the World Health emergency and essential healthcare services in Organization, more than 800,000 people die by public hospitals. suicide every year, making it the principal cause of  The policy advocates allocating two-thirds of death among people in the age group of fifteen to resources to primary care. twenty-nine years old. Pradhan Mantri Innovative Learning o According to the National Mental Health Programme- DHRUV Survey of India, 2016, the prevalence of mental disorders was 7.3% among 13-17 years old. Recently, the Union Human Resource Development o Suicide is a global public health problem that Minister has launched the Pradhan Mantri demands focused attention from all the actors Innovative Learning Programme named ‘DHRUV’. related to the field of mental health, including scientific and professional organizations,  The objective of the Pradhan Mantri Innovative organizations for mental health users, universities, Learning Programme is to encourage talented national health authorities, media, etc. students to realize their full potential and henceforth, contribute to society. o The underlying idea behind observing this day is to establish and form relevant strategies that can  The programme is named DHRUV after prevent suicide and promote the public’s mental the Pole Star with the same name. Every student health, as suicide is preventable and therefore, can selected under this programme will be called as be avoided. ‘Dhruv Tara’. The students will thus both shine through their achievements and light a path for  On this occasion, the Department (DEPwD) has others to follow. prepared a series of activities that will be undertaken during the week by its various national  The programme will cover two areas institutes to raise awareness about mental health namely, Science and Performing Arts. issues including identification of early signs to prevent aggravation and then start the o Overall 60 students will be selected (30 from rehabilitation/mainstreaming of successfully cured each area) from across the country. mentally ill persons. o The students will be broadly from classes 9 to  World Mental Health Day is organized by 12 from all schools including government and the World Federation for Mental Health (an private. international membership organization that was founded in 1948 with the aim to promote the World Mental Health Day advancement of mental health awareness & prevention of mental disorders).  The Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities (DEPwD) under the Ministry of Central Council Of Health And Social Justice & Empowerment observed Family Welfare Conference the ‘World Mental Health Day’ on 10th October 2019. Recently, the 13th Conference of the Central Council of Health and Family Welfare (CCHFW)  The theme of World Mental Health Day-2019 was held in New Delhi. is ‘Mental Health Promotion and Suicide Prevention’. Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 20 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019 Key Highlights o Vice-Chairperson: Minister of State for Health & Family Welfare.  The purpose of the meeting was to build a Article 263 of the Constitution consensus on the national health priorities.  It focused on two priority areas for the public  Article 263 contemplates the establishment of health sector: an Inter-State Council to effect coordination between Centre and states. Thus, the President can  Increasing health budgets by the Centre and establish such a council if at any time it appears to the States/UTs. him that the public interest would be served by its establishment.  According to the National Health Policy (NHP), 2017, there has to be a collective increase  Therefore, the president has established the in healthcare spending by the Centre & States/UTs following councils to make recommendations for to meet the goals of healthcare spending of 2.5% of the better coordination of policy and action in the GDP by 2025. related subjects:  Strengthening of medical infrastructure. o Central Council of Health.  This would target the Universal Health o Central Council of Local Government and Coverage (UHC) through Ayushman Bharat, Urban Development. eliminating TB and other communicable diseases, National Health Mission , and other priority o Four Regional Councils for Sales Tax for the agendas. Northern, Eastern, Western and Southern Zones.  In the conference, the emphasis was laid  To mark the occasion of World Sight Day (a upon four pillars of healthcare, which include, global annual event observed on the second Thursday of October) report on ‘National o Mission mode interventions, Diabetes & Diabetic Retinopathy Survey India 2015-19’ and on ‘National Blindness & Visual o Quality, accessible, and affordable healthcare Impairment Survey India 2015-19’ were released. services, o Major findings of the survey in India are: o Universal health coverage, and  One in eight persons above 50 years o Adequate health infrastructure. is Diabetic, Central Council of Health and Family  One in every 46 diabetics is Blind; and Welfare (CCHFW)  One in seven suffers from some form of visual  It is an apex advisory body set up impairment due to high blood sugar levels. under Article 263 of the Constitution to provide support and advice to the Department of Health,  Initiatives Launched: Ministry of Health and Family Welfare on policy formulation and to consider and recommend broad o Surakshit Matritva Aashwasan lines of policy in regard to matters concerning health. (SUMAN): This initiative aims to  The first meeting of the CCHFW was held achieve zero preventable Maternal and Newborn in 1988. Deaths. On the occasion, its website and the  Organizational Structure of Council: grievance redressal portal was also launched. o Chairperson: Union Minister for Health & Family Welfare,  According to the NITI Aayog data, Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) has dropped by 8% in India to 130 per 100,000 live births. The aim is to get it in line with the Sustainable Development Goal of 70 per 100,000 live births by 2030. Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 21 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019 o Other initiatives: The minister unveiled two  The Vice President also called for enhancing info-leaflets on Suicide Prevention to mark defence ties in maritime domain between India the World Mental Health Day, and the island nation of Comoros as part of  Guidelines on Drugs and Diagnostic Service a collaborative security architecture in the Initiative, Indian Ocean.  Guidelines for Biomedical Equipment Ties between India and Comoros Management & Maintenance Programme, and  Comoros supports India’s candidature for a  Guidelines for Peritoneal Dialysis permanent seat in the UN Security under Pradhan Mantri National Dialysis Council (UNSC). Programme. Way Forward  It is a member of the Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA) as well as the International  There is a need for enhanced engagement Solar Alliance. with the private sector for augmenting the efforts of the public sector, to bring in equity by increasing  Comoros avails scholarship/training the number of beds and hospitals, so as to meet the global standards of health infrastructure. programmes offered by India under the Indian  Without the political leadership and Technical & Economic Cooperation (ITEC) commitment of the States & UTs, healthcare cannot be effective. As highlighted in Economic Survey scheme. 2017-18 the cooperative federalism “technology” of the GST Council that brings together the Center India - Sierra Leone and States could be promisingly deployed to meet the desired targets.  India announced the decision to establish a High Commission in Sierra Leone. Vice President’s Visit to Comoros and Sierra Leone  Both the countries agreed to enhance The Vice President of India recently visited cooperation in agriculture, food processing, Comoros and Sierra Leone - two African countries. Information Technology, infrastructure  The visit was first-ever visit by such a high- level Indian dignitary to Comoros, an archipelago development and capacity building. situated off the Southeast coast of Africa and to Sierra Leone, the country of Western Africa.  A MoU was signed for Sierra Leone to participate in India’s Pan-African tele-Education,  The agenda was to deepen ties with African tele-Medicine initiatives, e-VidyaBharati and e- nations. Arogya Bharati. India - Comoros o India will soon initiate steps to set up a Centre  India and Comoros signed 6 Memorandum of of Excellence in IT in Sierra Leone. Understandings (MoUs) on defence, health (e- Arogya Bharati) and culture (e- Vidya Bharati).  An agreement was signed to initiate a cultural exchange program between the governments of  India announced Line-of-credit of USD 41.6 India and Sierra Leone for the years 2019-23. mn for setting up an 18MW power plant in Moroni (capital city) and a vocational training centre.  The Vice President reiterated India’s offer to conduct a “Jaipur Foot” camp in Sierra Leone under the “India for Humanity” initiative for fitting of artificial prosthetic limbs for the disabled. Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 22 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019 o “India for Humanity” is an initiative undertaken of equipment, study tours and feasibility in the context of 150th birth anniversary of Mahatma studies/consultancy services. Gandhi. India-China 2nd Informal Summit- Ties Between India and Sierra Leone Mamallapuram Summit  India was among the first countries to Recently, the Prime Minister of India and the contribute to the UN Mission in Sierra Leone President of the People's Republic of China held (UNAMSIL) with the deployment of 4000 strong their Second Informal Summit in Chennai Indian Military contingent. (Mamallapuram), India.  India has extended concessional lines of credit  The recent Mamallapuram Summit has begun to Sierra Leone worth USD 123 million in sectors a “New Era of Cooperation” between India and such as agriculture, water, and transmission line. China.  India has also undertaken grant projects through  First India-China informal summit invoked India Brazil South Africa Forum (IBSA) funds and the ‘Wuhan spirit’, whereas the second informal provided direct humanitarian assistance to Sierra India-China summit has called for ‘Chennai Leone during the Ebola crisis in 2014 and during Connect. floods in 2017.  Informal summits allow discussion on wide-  Sierra Leone is also a beneficiary of the Indian ranging issues, they are not particularly purpose- Technical and Economic Cooperation specific, and are sometimes considered to play (ITEC) programme. bigger roles in diplomatic dialogue than formal exchanges.  Sierra Leone is one of the members of the International Solar Alliance. o It also acts as supplementary exchanges to annual summits. Indian Technical and Economic Cooperation (ITEC) Programme Key Points  The Indian Technical and Economic  Reiteration of the first Informal Summit in Cooperation (ITEC) Programme was launched by Wuhan (2018) the Government of India on 15th September 1964 as a programme of bilateral cooperation and  Both the countries reiterated the consensus technical assistance. reached during the first informal Summit in Wuhan to consider India and China as factors for stability  Under ITEC and its sister programme SCAAP in the current international landscape. (Special Commonwealth African Assistance Programme), 161 countries in Asia, Africa, East o It also emphasized upon managing the Europe, Latin America, the Caribbean as well as differences and not to allow differences on any Pacific and Small Island countries are invited to issue to become disputes. share in the Indian developmental experience acquired over six decades of India's existence as a  Economic Development: free nation. o A High-Level Economic and Trade Dialogue  The ITEC programme provides for mechanism to be established to enhance trade organizing training courses in India, deputation of and commercial relations Indian experts abroad, aid for disaster relief, gifting Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 23 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019 o The manufacturing partnership is to be emphasize the historical connection between the two established to encourage mutual civilizations. investments in identified sectors. o Also the year 2020 will be designated as  Multilateral trading system the Year of India-China Cultural and People to People Exchanges. o India-China agreed to support and strengthen o Being important contemporary civilizations in the rules-based multilateral trading system. the world, efforts will be taken in order to foster cultural understanding between the two o Also promised to work together for open and countries. inclusive trade arrangements to maintain inclusive international order. Why Mamallapuram is chosen?  Strategic Issues:  India has chosen Mamallapuram as a symbol of India’s ‘soft power’. o Boundary issues to be solved on the lines of a mutually-agreed framework based on Political  Mamallapuram is an important town of the Parameters and Guiding Principles that were erstwhile Pallava dynasty that ruled in parts of agreed by the two sides in 2005. South India from 275 CE to 897 CE. o The strategic communication to be enhanced  The name Mamallapuram got distorted during to maximize usage of high-level exchanges the British era to Mahabalipuram and thus it is also like dialogue mechanisms. known as Mahabalipuram.  Terrorism:  The city of Mamallapuram was founded by the Pallava king Narasimhavarman I in the o Both countries recognized the joint efforts to 7th century AD. ensure that the international community strengthens the framework against training and financing  The name Mamallapuram derives from terrorist groups throughout the world and on a non- Mamallan, or “great warrior”, a title by which the discriminatory basis. Pallava King Narasimhavarman I was known.  Sister State Relations:  It is renowned for its architecture, widely admired across the world. o Considering the age-old commercial as well as maritime linkages, both the countries agreed to  Mamallapuram and the Pallava dynasty are also establish Sister-State Relations between Tamil historically relevant, for the earliest recorded Nadu and Fujian Province. security pact between China and India (in the early 8th century) that involved a Pallava king o An academy to study links between (Rajasimhan, or Narasimha Varma II), from whom Mahabalipuram and Fujian province on the lines of the Chinese sought help to counter Tibet. the experience between Ajanta and Dunhuang to be established. Wuhan Spirit:  70 years of India-China relations:  Wuhan Spirit is in line with the five principles of peaceful coexistence (Panchsheel) jointly o The year 2020 will mark the advocated by China and India in the 1950s. 70th anniversary of the establishment of India- China diplomatic relations, to celebrate the event  Wuhan Spirit highlighted two countries will be organizing 70 activities to Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 24 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019 o To form the \"backbone\" of economic one platform so that they can showcase their skills, globalization, and they should jointly make positive sell their products, and help them build linkages with contributions to global peace and development. bulk buyers. o To cooperate, for the first time ever, on a joint o Through participation in SARAS Aajeevika project in Afghanistan. Mela, these rural SHG women will get vital national level exposure to understand the demand and taste of o China has indicated that India’s refusal to join urban customers. the Belt and Road Initiative will not come in the way of economic cooperation. o Varied range of products like handicrafts, handlooms, and natural food products will be Fujian Province displayed.  It is located on the southeastern coast of  The Mela acts as an integrated approach towards China, situated opposite the island of Taiwan. women empowerment.  Fujian (meaning “Happy Establishment”) is Rashtriya Sanskriti Mahotsav one of the country’s smaller provinces.  The Ministry of Culture is organizing the Exercise Dharma Guardian – 2019 10th edition of Rashtriya Sanskriti Mahotsav under the Ek Bharat Shretha Bharat initiativ in Madhya The Joint Military Exercise Dharma Guardian-2019 Pradesh from 14th to 21st October 2019. between India and Japan will be conducted to share experience gained during various Counter-  The idea to organize such Mahotsav was Terrorism Operations in respective countries. conceived in the year 2015 by the Ministry of Culture with an intention to exhibit the  It is an annual training event which is being rich cultural heritage of the country in all its rich conducted in India since 2018. and varied dimensions namely, Handicrafts, Cuisine, Painting, Sculpture and Performing Arts-  The scope of this exercise covers joint training Folk, Tribal, Classical and Contemporary- all at one on counter-terrorism operations in the jungle and place. urban scenario.  The Rashtriya Sanskriti Mahotsav  The joint military exercise will enhance the level will reconnect the people (especially the youth) of defence co-operation as well as bilateral with their indigenous culture, its multi-faceted relations between the two nations. nature, magnificence, and historical importance in the context of ‘India as a Nation’ over the Governance through Cultural millennia. Gatherings Ek Bharat Shreshtha Bharat SARAS Aajeevika Mela: It is a programme to transform rural India in general and the lives of rural  It was launched in 2015 to promote women in particular. engagement amongst the people of different States/UTs so as to enhance mutual understanding  It is an initiative by the Deendayal Antyodaya and bonding between people of diverse cultures, Yojana-National Rural Livelihoods Mission (DAY- thereby securing stronger unity and integrity of NRLM) under the Ministry of Rural India. Development (MoRD), with an objective to bring the rural women Self Help Groups (SHGs) under Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 25 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019  It is an initiative of the Ministry of Human  Historical Relations: Indo-Dutch relations can Resource Development. be traced back to more than 400 years when the first  The broad objectives of the initiative are as Dutch EIC got established in India (in around follows: 17th century AD).  The official relations between the two nations o To CELEBRATE the Unity in Diversity of were established in the year 1947 which, since then, our nation and to maintain and strengthen the have been cordial and friendly. fabric of traditionally existing emotional bonds o The two countries also share common ideals between the people, of democracy, pluralism and the rule of law. o To PROMOTE the spirit of national  Cultural Relations: The Netherlands currently integration through a deep and structured is home to the largest Indian community on the engagement between all Indian states and Union European mainland. The growing Indian student Territories through a year-long planned and professional community in the Netherlands is engagement between states, making the cultural knot stronger and the technological partnership deeper. o To SHOWCASE the rich heritage and culture, customs and traditions of different states for  Significance of Netherlands to enabling people to understand and appreciate India: the diversity that is India, thus fostering a sense of common identity, o Netherlands’ has supported India’s membership to the different Export Control Regimes and India’s o TO ESTABLISH long-term engagements, and claim to a permanent seat in the UN Security Council. o TO CREATE an environment which promotes learning between states by sharing best practices o India and the Netherlands share common and experiences. concerns with regard to contemporary challenges that include climate action, cyber-security, and India-Netherlands terrorism. Recently, the King and Queen of the Kingdom o Smart Cities, green energy, start-ups, smart of Netherlands visited India to give an impetus solutions, and new-age products are bringing the to the bilateral ties shared by the two nations. two nations closer. India is keen to share and learn from the Netherlands on the river rejuvenation. Key Highlights  Economic partnership between India & o LOTUS: During the recent visit, a joint launch Netherlands is a key pillar of the bilateral ties. of the second phase of the Local Treatment of Urban Sewage Streams for the Healthy Reuse o The Netherlands is India’s 4th largest trading (LOTUS-HR) program was done by the Union partner in the European Union. And is also one of Minister for Science & Technology for the the leading investor nation in India. treatment of sewage water. o The Dutch companies (in India) have a global  The project was initiated in July 2017 and name in the fields of agriculture, water management, aims to manifest a novel holistic waste-water port development, waste management, and urban management approach that will produce clean planning. water, which could henceforth be reused for various purposes. Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 26 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019  The LOTUS-HR project is jointly supported by  BIS has been providing traceability and the Department of Biotechnology and tangibility benefits to the national economy in a the Netherlands Organization for Scientific number of ways by: Research /STW. o Providing safe reliable quality goods. o WETLAB: It is a design challenge that is o Minimizing health hazards to consumers. jointly supported by the Department of Biotechnology-Biotechnology Industry Research o Promoting exports and imports substitute. Assistance Council (DBT-BIRAC) and o Control over the proliferation of varieties etc through standardization, certification, and testing. Netherlands Enterprise Agency.  It provides a unique learning and networking Maritime States Development Council platform for young professionals and students to think differently for innovative ideas to solve The 17th meeting of the Maritime States India’s urban water challenges and contribute to cleaning up of India’s rivers. Development Council (MSDC) was held on 15th October, 2019 in New Delhi. World Standards Day Key Highlights 14 October is celebrated as World Standards  National Port Grid: Day for paying tribute to the collaborative efforts of thousands of experts worldwide who develop the o The Ministry of Shipping is working on a plan voluntary technical agreements that are published to develop a national port grid based on as International Standards. the synergy between major and minor ports in the country.  It is being officially celebrated since 1970. o There are 204 Minor ports in the country, of which only 44 are currently functional.  It is an annual event.  Extensive study will be done for the revival of  The theme for 2019 is ‘Video Standards each port, identifying the specific cargo linked to it Create a Global Stage’ — about standardizing the and the downstream industry. video compression technologies as mobile phones and other electronic devices related to video  Expansion of Port Capacity: production is estimated to be 80% of all internet traffic by 2020.  In India, it is celebrated by the Bureau of o The Ministry is planning expansion of port Indian Standards (BIS). capacity through the implementation of well- conceived infrastructure development projects. o BIS also highlighted the road map for ‘One Nation One Standard’ for India. o Digitization of processes to reduce and finally eliminate human interface. Bureau of Indian Standards o Making water transport pollution free to  BIS is the National Standard Body of India for reduce logistics cost. the harmonious development of the activities of standardization, marking and quality certification of  Other Issues: goods. o Developing common and comprehensive guidelines for inland waterways barges so that Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 27 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019 barges of different states can move seamlessly in the country will be the key driver of global energy coastal waters. demand in the coming decades. o Port security: International levels of security  To meet the huge demand for energy, India would be ensured at every port in the country. would be implementing a healthy mix of all commercially viable energy sources. o Emphasis was laid on the advent of cruise tourism in India and the importance of Special  India plans its course of the energy transition Economic Zones (SEZs) being developed in Smart in a responsible manner which would greatly Industrial Port Cities at Kandla(Gujarat) and influence global energy transition. Paradip (Odisha).  The shares of renewables in electricity o Establishment of research based capacity has significantly gone up now to 22% from around 10% in 2014-15. institutes like the Centre for Inland and Coastal o The ethanol blending percentage has Maritime Technology (CICMT) at IIT, Kharagpur risen from 0.67% in 2012-13 to now close to 6%. and the National Technology Centre for Ports, o Also, more than 95% of households now have access to LPG, making their kitchens smoke- Waterways and Coasts (NTCPWC), IIT, Madras free. will help the maritime industry to get indigenous o Three critical transitions to be addressed in the Indian energy sector are: research and skilled manpower. o Mobility Maritime States Development Council o Urbanization  MSDC is an apex advisory body for the development of the maritime sector and aims to ensure integrated development of Major and non- Major Ports.  It was constituted in May, 1997 to assess in o Power generation consultation with State Governments, the future  India’s per capita consumption of coal is development of existing and new Minor Ports by the about 1/10th of that of the United States but still, respective Maritime States either directly or through captive users and private participation. India aims to use cleaner technology for low- carbon energy future. Third India Energy Forum  In addition to the above initiatives, India is Recently, the India Ministerial Dialogue was held planning to transform itself into Gas Economy. at 3rd India Energy Forum by CERAWeek in New o Natural Gas offers an option of a balancing Delhi.  The Indian, as well as regional energy fuel, as it has proven capability to complement companies, institutions, and governments, renewables. participated at the forum held under the  The contribution of modern technologies, efficiency patronage of the Ministry of Petroleum and in production has been recognized for transforming Natural Gas. the landscape towards climate justice, and a Key Points sustainable future.  As India is experiencing the fastest growth in CERAWeek energy consumption among all large economies, Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 28 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019  CERAWeek by IHS Markit has become the o The head of NSG- designated as Director world’s premier energy event. General (DG), is selected and appointed by the  In 1983, Cambridge Energy Research Associates Minister of Home Affairs. (CERA) was founded in Cambridge.  The motto of 'Sarvatra, Sarvottam, Suraksha' has always been upheld by it with a  Each year, CERA clients gathered for a few days focus on its basic philosophy of swift and speedy in Houston, Texas to attend the executive conference strike and immediate withdrawal from the theatre where they gained insight into the energy future of action. while connecting with their peers. Over time, the  National Security Guard has been given the specific role to handle all facets of terrorism in any program was expanded to five days of informative part of the country as a Federal Contingency sessions and networking opportunities—and named CERAWeek. Force. National Security Guard (NSG) o The NSG is trained to conduct counter- terrorist task including counter hijacking tasks on  Recently, the Union Minister for Home Affairs land, sea, and air; Bomb disposal (search, detection, and neutralization of IEDs), Post Blast celebrated the 35th raising day ceremony of National Investigation (PBI), and Hostage Rescue missions. Security Guard (NSG) at NSG  The NSG personnel are often referred to in the headquarters located in Manesar, Gurugram. media as Black Cat Commandos because of the black outfit and black cat insignia worn on their National Security Guard (NSG) uniform.  The NSG is a counter-terrorism unit that  Operations undertaken: formally came into existence in 1986 by an act of Parliament- ‘National Security Guard Act, 1986’. o Operation Black Thunder (Golden Temple, Amritsar, 1986 & 1988) o The idea behind raising such force came in the aftermath of Operation Blue Star (an Indian o Operation Ashwamedh (Indian Airlines military action carried out to remove militant Flight-IC427 hijacking, India, 1993) religious leader from the Golden Temple, Amritsar) in 1984, Akshardham Temple attack and the o Operation Thunderbolt or Vajra assassination of former PM Indira Gandhi, Shakti (Akshardham Temple attack, Gujarat, 2002) for ‘combating terrorist activities with a view to protect states against internal disturbances.’ o Operation Black Tornado (Mumbai Blasts, 2008)  It operates under the Ministry of Home Food Safety Mitra Scheme Affairs and is a task-oriented force that has two complementary elements in the form of: Recently, the Union Minister of Health and Family Welfare launched the Food Safety Mitra o Special Action Group (SAG) comprising of (FSM) scheme to mark the occasion of World Food the Army personnel- is the main offensive or the Day. strike wing of the NSG, and The theme for the day was ‘Healthy Diets for a o Special Ranger Groups (SRG) comprising of Zero Hunger World’. personnel drawn from the Central Armed Police Forces /State Police Forces. They generally handle  ‘Eat Right Jacket’ and ‘Eat Right VIP securities. Jhola’ initiatives were also launched to strengthen the food safety administration and to scale up the Eat Right India movement. Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 29 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019  The Food Safety Mitra scheme aims to  The total number of cattle in the country has support small and medium-scale food shown an increase of 0.8 %. businesses so as to comply with the food safety laws and will facilitate them with the licensing and  The increase is mainly driven by a sharp registration process, hygiene ratings and training increase in cross-bred cattle and higher female programme. indigenous cattle population. o The FSMs would undergo training and o Uttar Pradesh has observed a maximum certification that will be conducted by the Food decrease in cattle population though the state has Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI), in taken several steps to save cattle. order to get paid by food businesses for their services. o West Bengal has seen the highest rise of 15% in cattle population. o The scheme would also create new employment opportunities for youth (particularly  The population of the total exotic/crossbred with food and nutrition background). cattle has increased by 27%.  The Eat Right Jacket is a jacket that has a  Cross-bred animals contributed around 28% to smart design to hold technological devices like India’s total milk production in 2018-19. tablets/smartphones, a QR code and a Radio- frequency identification (RFID) tag for identification o The milch population of exotic and crossbred and tracking, which will be used by the field staff. cattle such as Jersey or Holsteins shows higher milk yields and thus farmers prefer animals yielding o The use of technology would bring in the more milk. efficiency, professionalism, and transparency in food safety administration.  A decline of 6% in the total indigenous cattle population has been observed.  The Eat Right Jhola is a reusable cloth bag that is expected to replace plastic bags for o India’s indigenous cattle numbers continue to shopping purpose in various retail chains. decline, notwithstanding the government’s efforts to promote conservation of desi breeds through  FSSAI has partnered with the Domestic Workers the Rashtriya Gokul Mission (RGM). Sector Skill Council under the Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship to launch o The sharpest fall has been observed in the the training course. states (Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan,Maharashtra, etc.) with tough cow 20th Livestock Census slaughter laws. Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and o The total milch animals have shown Dairying has released the 20th Livestock Census an increase of 6%. report recently. o Due to higher yields, foreign breeds constitute  The release provides key results reflecting the more than half the population of milch animals. aggregate counts of various species as well as its comparison with the previous census. Key Points o The more the number of animals that produce milk, the more would be pressure on  The total Livestock population is 535.78 land and fiercer would be competition between million in the country showing an increase of 4.6% man and animals for survival. over Livestock Census-2012. o The figures show that nearly 75% of total cattle  West Bengal observed the highest increase of in the country are female (cows)-- a clear sign of 23%, followed by Telangana (22%). dairy farmers' preferences for milk-producing cattle. Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 30 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019 This also gained momentum in the past couple of  18 interns (to be called Minister’s interns) from years due to the government's assistance in terms of some of the reputed institutes of rural management, providing sex-sorted artificial insemination (AI), social work and Social Services of the country are with semen of high-yielding bulls, free of cost at participating in the “Van Dhan Internship farmers' doorstep. Programme”.  The backyard poultry has increased by  These interns have been selected to enhance the around 46%. output of Van Dhan programme to make the tribal population self-reliant. o The sharp increase in backyard poultry is a significant change in the rural landscape which o They will support the Tribal Cooperative shows a sign of poverty alleviation. Marketing Development Federation of India (TRIFED) activities on livelihood promotion,  Total Bovine population (Cattle, Buffalo, marketing and credit linkages, etc. Mithun and Yak) has shown an increase of about 1%. o They will develop tools and techniques on institutional development including a mechanism  The population of sheep, goat and Mithun grew for determination of a just price or producer price in double digits while the count of horses and of Minor Forest Products. ponies, pigs, camels, donkeys, mules and yaks declined. Van Dhan Yojana The Livestock Census  Van Dhan Yojana was launched in 2018, in Chhattisgarh. A Van Dhan Vikas Kendra was set  The Livestock Census has been conducted in the up under the program. country periodically since 1919-20. Since then it has been conducted once every 5 years.  The Van Dhan Vikas Kendra will cater to ten Self Help Groups of thirty tribal gatherers each.  It covers all domesticated animals and their headcounts.  The selection of the tribal beneficiaries and formation of the SHGs has been undertaken by  So far 19 such censuses have been conducted by TRIFED. the Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying, in participation with State Governments  The Van Dhan Vikas Kendras will boost the and UT Administrations. economic development of tribals involved in the collection of Minor Forest Produce (MFP) and  The household-level data through online provide a sustainable MFP-based livelihood in transmission from the field has been used for the MFP-rich districts. first time in 20th Livestock Census.  The census is beneficial not just for EX-EASTERN BRIDGE-V policymakers but also for agriculturists, traders, entrepreneurs, dairying industry and masses in Indian Air Force (IAF) is participating in the joint general. bilateral exercise EX EASTERN BRIDGE V with Royal Air Force Oman (RAFO). Van Dhan Internship Programme  The exercise is being held at the Air Force Base “Van Dhan Internship Programme” organised by Masirah, Oman. TRIFED under Ministry of Tribal Affairs has recently been launched by the government. Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 31 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019 About Exercise o The raised sands and sandstones with varied residual deposits are found on Zanzibar and Pemba  IAF contingent comprises of MiG-29 and C-17 islands which are similar to the alluvial deposits aircraft. It would be the first time that MIG-29 present on the African mainland fighter aircraft will be participating in an Dar es Salaam International Exercise outside India.  The last EX EASTERN BRIDGE-IV exercise  It is the largest city and economic capital of was conducted in 2017 at Jamnagar, India. Tanzania. Significance  It is located in a bay off the Indian Ocean coast.  The exercise will enhance interoperability during mutual cooperation between two Air Force.  The city has developed into the economic importance of the entire East African region.  The exercise will also promote exchange of experience and operational knowledge, and will GOAL (Going Online as Leaders) promote professional interaction. The second phase of GOAL (Going Online as Other Exercises Between India and Oman Leaders) has been jointly launched by the Ministry of Tribal Affairs and Facebook to digitally  Naseem Al-Bahr is the naval mentor 5000 young women in India’s tribal- dominated districts. exercise conducted between both the countries.  AL Nagah is the joint bilateral exercise between  The GOAL is a Facebook program aimed at the armies of two countries. guiding and encouraging tribal girls from across India to become village-level digital young Dar es Salaam and Zanzibar leaders for their communities As part of the Indian Navy's Overseas  The programme will help to connect Deployment, four indigenously built ships of the underprivileged young tribal women with senior Indian Navy are visiting the ports at Dar es expert mentors in the areas of business, fashion and Salaam and Zanzibar located in Tanzania. arts to learn digital and life skills. Zanzibar o It will also provide economically and socially marginalized young women with the tools and  Zanzibar an island in the Indian Ocean, is guidance for the development of livelihood skills. located off the coast of east-central Africa.  It will help to close the digital gender gap by o In 1964 Zanzibar, Pemba Island and some other enabling more women to get online and access smaller islands joined to form the United Republic digital services. of Tanzania. India Innovation Index 2019  It is located on the Indian Ocean trade routes NITI (National Institution for Transforming India) making it accessible to both traders and colonists Ayog with the Institute for Competitiveness has from Arabia, South Asia, and the African mainland. released the India Innovation Index 2019.  Zanzibar and Pemba are believed to have once  The index, developed on the lines of the Global formed part of the African continent. Innovation Index, would help the innovation Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 32 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019 ecosystem of Indian states and Union Territories o It is also among the top performers in (UTs) to design policies to drive innovation across Infrastructure, Knowledge Workers, regions. Knowledge Output and Business o For a country as large as India, the state of Environment. performs the best in innovation needs to be understood at the regional  Maharashtra level for effective policy formulation. the dimension of Enablers. o Based on the index each state needs to formulate o This implies that it has the best enabling its own policy, based on its unique resources and environment for innovation, even though the state strengths and which caters to its specific needs. comes in at the third position in the overall innovation index.  The index goes beyond traditional approaches for measuring innovation such as  The top ten major states are majorly patents per million of population, publication in concentrated in southern and western India. scientific journals, percentage of GDP spending on research and adds parameters that are specific to  Among the North-Eastern states and Union the Indian economy (eg. Demographic territories, Sikkim and Delhi occupy the top spots dividend), to give it a more holistic coverage. respectively.  The India Innovation Index 2019 is calculated as  Delhi, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, the average of the scores of its two dimensions - Telangana, and Uttar Pradesh are the most Enablers and Performance. efficient states in translating inputs into output. o The Enablers examine innovative capacities:  In terms of attracting investment, Human Capital, Investment, Knowledge Workers, Karnataka topped the index among major states, Business Environment, and Safety and Legal followed by Maharashtra, Haryana, Kerala, Tamil Environment. Nadu, Gujarat, Telangana, Rajasthan, and Uttar Pradesh. o The Performance captures benefits that a nation derives from the inputs: Knowledge Output and o Bihar, Jharkhand, and Punjab were the least Knowledge Diffusion. attractive states for investment. Key Findings o Among North East and the Hill States, Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh, and Tripura were  The states have been bifurcated into three the top three states; while among the UTs, categories: Lakshadweep, Delhi and Goa were the top three regions. o Major states, Way Forward o North-east and hill states,  There is a need to broaden and improve the o Union territories/Small states capability of top rung educational institutions in the country to produce greater innovation outputs.  Karnataka emerged topper in the overall rankings in the category of major states. with  Increased spending on research and development Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra in the second and third with greater collaboration between the industry and positions. educational institutions may help to enhance innovation capability. o Karnataka’s top position is partly attributed to its top rank in the Performance dimension. Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 33 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019  A collaborative platform consisting of all the  A “Hall of Nuclear Energy” was opened in in stakeholders of innovation - innovators, researchers, Delhi to educate the students and the general public and investors from the industry should be developed. about the applications of nuclear energy. o It will help to strengthen the industry-academia  Use of nuclear energy in diverse fields such as linkages and will ease the process of technology medicine, especially cancer care. transfer by providing a platform for innovators to showcase their inventions.  Other steps highlighted include early movement on Fast Breeder Reactors (FBR) deployment and Danx-19 early deployment of indigenous Light Water Reactors (LWRs). Recently, the Andaman & Nicobar Command (ANC) has conducted the second edition of  Light-water reactors (LWRs) are power Defence of Andaman & Nicobar Islands 2019 reactors that are cooled and moderated with (DANX-19). ordinary water. There are two basic types: the Pressurized-Water Reactor (PWR) and the Boiling- Water Reactor (BWR).  Indian Army, Navy, Air Force, Coast Guard and o PWR is a power reactor in which the heat is special forces from newly formed Armed Forces dissipated from the core using highly pressurized Special Operatipons Division (AFSOD), participated water (about 160 bar) to achieve a high temperature in this exercise. and avoid boiling within the core. BWR is a nuclear reactor with water as a coolant and as a moderator,  The exercise was carried out for mobilisation boiling in the core. The resulting steam is generally and field manoeuvres to validate defensive plans of used directly to drive a turbine. ANC headquarters and ensuring territorial integrity of the A&N Islands.  It was underlined that owing to the waiver of the Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG) to India in Nuclear Energy Conclave 2008, the nuclear programme now has much less constraints. The 11th Nuclear Energy Conclave, organized by the India Energy Forum, was held in New Delhi  Access to the imported uranium can accelerate on 18th October 2019. the nuclear program size as well as large scale thorium deployment.  The theme of the Conclave was: “Economics of Nuclear Power- Innovation towards Safer & Cost India Energy Forum Effective Technologies”.  Established in October 2001, the Forum has Key Highlights acquired a unique status as a spokesman of total energy sector.  The Minister of State for Atomic Energy highlighted some steps taken by the Government  Major public and private sector organizations in with respect to nuclear energy: Power, Oil and Gas, Coal and Renewable Energy are its members. These include NTPC, NHPC, Power  Earlier the Atomic power plants were restricted Grid Corporation, Power Finance Corporation, in Southern India, now the Government is setting up ONGC, etc. the nuclear plants in other parts of the country.  It’s Corporate Office is located in New Delhi. o A nuclear plant is coming up in the Gorakhpur of Haryana. India’s Nuclear Energy Programme Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 34 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019  The nuclear energy programme in India DPIIT launches website and mobile was launched around the time of independence app for IPR under the leadership of Homi J. Bhabha.  The main objectives of the Indian Nuclear Context: Energy programme are to provide safe and reliable The Department for Promotion of Industry and electric power for the country’s social and Internal Trade (DPIIT) launched the website and economic progress and to be self reliant in all mobile application ‘Learn to Protect, Secure and aspects of nuclear technology. Maximize Your Innovation’ on Intellectual Property  Exploration of atomic minerals in India, Rights (IPRs) in New Delhi. undertaken since the early fifties, has indicated that Details: India has limited reserves of uranium (natural uranium consists of mostly 238U, with 0.7 %  The website and app have been developed by Cell 235U), but fairly abundant reserves of for IPR Promotion and Management (CIPAM) – thorium (232Th). DPIIT in collaboration with Qualcomm and National  Accordingly, India has adopted a three stage Law University (NLU), Delhi. strategy of nuclear power generation:  Both the website and the app are meant to be o Stage 1 Pressurised Heavy Water Reactor useful to the startup community, in the Intellectual (PHWR): The PHWR is a pressure tube type Property (IP) process. reactor using heavy water (D2O) moderator, heavy  There are two modules of this e-learning platform: water coolant and natural uranium dioxide fuel.  L2Pro India IP e-learning Platform Considering the growing energy demands and the  L2Pro India Mobile App necessity to increase the energy potential, a second line of light water reactors have been added to the These will aid and enable youth, innovators, current indigenous programme of Pressurised entrepreneurs and small and medium industries Heavy Water Reactors. (SMEs) in understanding IPRs for their ownership and protection, integrate IP into business models and o Stage 2 Fast Breeder Reactor (FBR): India’s obtain value for their R&D efforts. second stage of nuclear power generation uses the The L2Pro has been successfully implemented in Pu-239 obtained from the first stage reactor Germany, the United Kingdom, Italy and France, operation, as the main fissile element of fuel core in benefiting immensely from close collaboration with fast breeder reactors (FBR). A blanket of U-238 respective IP organizations and public research surrounding the fuel core undergoes nuclear institutions. transmutation to produce fresh Pu-239 as more and more Pu-239 is consumed during the operation. The The learning app has been customized for India. Fast Breeder Programme is in the technology demonstration stage. Sodium, because of its good The L2Pro India IP e-learning platform will have 11 heat transfer and nuclear properties, is used as the modules for three different levels:  Basic coolant to remove the heat generated in the reactor.  Intermediate o Stage 3 Thorium based Reactor: Thorium  Advanced utilization is the long term objective of the Indian Nuclear Power Programme. The third phase of Each module comprises of e-text for understanding India’s Nuclear Power Generation programme is concepts, short animated videos of the concepts, breeder reactors based on Thorium- Uranium-233 links to additional resources on the subject and cycle. quizzes for assessment and grading the learner’s knowledge and understanding of the subject. Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 35 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019 Learners can access the L2Pro IP e-learning  The first WSD was observed in 1970. platform through their desktop, laptop, mobile browser and mobile application (available on About the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS): Android & iOS). They will be provided e-certificates by CIPAM-  BIS is the National Standard Body of India DPIIT and NLU Delhi and Qualcomm on the established under the Bureau of Indian Standards successful completion of the e-learning modules. Act 2016 for the harmonious development of the activities of standardization, marking and quality World Standards Day certification of goods and for related concerns. Context:  Through standardization, certification and testing, BIS provides safe reliable quality goods, minimises The Union Minister of Consumer Affairs, Food & health hazards to consumers, promotes exports and PD inaugurated the 60th celebration of the ‘World imports substitutes, and controls over proliferation Standards Day’ by the Bureau of Indian Standards of varieties, etc. (BIS).  The body was formed as the BIS (as a statutory Details: body) in 1986. It was formerly called the Indian Standards Institution (ISI) which was set up in 1946.  The theme of this year’s celebration is “Video The 2016 Act positioned it as the National Standards Standards create a global stage”. Body.  The theme is highly relevant in the Indian  BIS Activities: context as India is the fastest-growing entertainment  Standards Formulation and media market globally.  Product Certification Scheme  Compulsory Registration Scheme  It is also relevant because mobile phones and  Foreign Manufacturers Certification Scheme other electronic devices and IT have boosted video  Hall Marking Scheme production and it is estimated that by 2020, 80% of  Laboratory Services all internet traffic will be consumed by ‘Video  Laboratory Recognition Scheme Streaming Data’. About World Standards Day (WSD):  World Standards Day (WSD) is celebrated each  Sale of Indian Standards year all over the world on 14 October by the  Consumer Affairs Activities members of the International Electrotechnical  Promotional Activities Commission (IEC), International Organization for  Training Services, National & International level Standardization (ISO) and International  Information Services Telecommunication Union (ITU) to pay tribute to the collaborative efforts of thousands of experts LOTUS-HR (Local Treatment of worldwide, who develop voluntary technical Urban Sewage streams for Healthy agreements that are published as International or Reuse plant) National Standards. Context:  It is also called International Standards Day. India and Netherlands launched the second phase of  The aim of WSD is to raise awareness among the LOTUS-HR in Delhi. regulators, industry and consumers as to the importance of standardization to the global economy. Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 36 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019 About the LOTUS-HR: Africa and India occupies their rightful place in decision making bodies of the UN.  The project was initiated in July 2017 and aims India announced the decision to establish a to demonstrate a novel holistic (waste) water High Commission in Sierra Leone. management approach that will produce clean water which can be reused for various purposes.  The innovative pilot-scale modular plant upon  India was among the first countries to contribute commissioning will treat 10,000 L sewage water to the UN Mission in Sierra Leone (UNAMSIL) per day and will showcase a self-sustaining model with the deployment of 4000 strong Indian Military for the end-user. contingent.  This pilot-scale facility will employ multiple  The VP also announced a Line of Credit to the technologies so that the data generated at the pilot- tune of US$ 30 million for irrigation development in scale becomes a tool-box of treatment technologies Tomabum to achieve self-sufficiency in rice for replication at other sites in Delhi as well as other production. parts of India where similar drains exist.  India has extended e-Visa facility to Sierra Leone  The rationale is that the mixing and matching of nationals for ease of mobility and both sides are technologies from this tool-box will depend on the also negotiating a visa waiver agreement for quantity (flow rate) and quality (pollutant load) of holders of diplomatic and official passports. drain water, land availability, site accessibility as well as topography.  Sierra Leone has agreed to participate in the e- VBAB project (e-VidyaBharati and e-Arogya  The LOTUS-HR project is jointly supported by Bharati). the Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of  The VP also reiterated India’s offer to conduct a Science and Technology, Government of India and “Jaipur Foot” camp in Sierra Leone under the Netherlands Organization for Scientific “India for Humanity” initiative for fitting of Research/STW, Government of Netherlands. artificial prosthetic limbs for the disabled. This is an initiative undertaken in the context of 150th birth India and Sierra Leone seek to expand anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi. bilateral ties and push for UNSC About the “India for Humanity” initiative: reforms  The “India for Humanity” campaign was launched by former external affairs minister Context: Vice President’s visit to Sierra Leone, as part of his Late Sushma Swaraj in 2018. tour of African nations.  This was launched in honour of Mahatma Details: Gandhi’s service to humanity.  With its focus on Mahatma Gandhi’s  India and Sierra Leone signed 6 agreements to philosophy of compassion, caring and service expand the bilateral relations in various fields such to humanity, ‘India for Humanity’ features a as agriculture, food processing, information technology, infrastructure development and capacity year-long series of artificial limb fitment camps building. in a number of countries spanning the globe,  Both countries also agreed to push for UNSC for which the Ministry is collaborating with the reforms so that one-third of mankind residing in charitable organisation “Bhagwan Mahaveer Viklang Sahayata Samiti” (BMVSS).  Founded in 1975 and better known by its trademark limb “Jaipur Foot”, BMVSS is Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 37 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019 among the world’s largest organisations for the  Typhoons develop in the northwestern Pacific, fitment of artificial limbs and till date has hurricanes develop in the North Atlantic, the served over 1.73 million amputees. northeastern Pacific, the Caribbean Sea or the Gulf of Mexico, and cyclones develop in the Bay Hagibis Typhoon of Bengal or the Arabian Sea, both in the northern Indian Ocean. Context: Prime Minister Narendra Modi condoles the loss of Rashtriya Sanskriti Mahotsav life due to Hagibis Typhoon in Japan. Context: About the Hagibis Typhoon: The 10th edition of ‘Rashtriya Sanskriti Mahotsav’  Typhoon Hagibis made landfall south of Tokyo under the Ministry of Culture is being held in on October 12th bringing heavy rains and causing Jabalpur. floods.  It is said to be Japan’s worst storm in decades About the Rashtriya Sanskriti Mahotsav: and as per the latest reports, at least 37 people are dead, with 20 missing.  The Rashtriya Sanskriti Mahotsav under the Ek Bharat Shrestha Bharat initiative is being  Even though the typhoon has moved away from celebrated in October 2019. land, it has left a trail of destruction.  Many people are trapped by landslides and  The Rashtriya Sanskriti Mahotsav (RSM) was conceived in the year 2015 and after the success of floods. the first RSM event in November-2015. The Ministry of Culture decided to organize it with an intent to  Eight prefectures across Japan have been showcase the rich cultural heritage of India in all its affected. rich and varied dimensions, namely, handicrafts, cuisine, painting, sculpture and performing arts-folk,  Around 92,000 households remain without tribal, classical and contemporary – all in one place. power. The capital Tokyo was left relatively unscathed but other cities and towns across the  The previous RSMs were held in Delhi, country were inundated by water. Karnataka, Uttar Pradesh, northeast, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat and Uttarakhand.  The Indian Navy has deployed INS Sahyadri and  The current 10th edition will be held in Jabalpur, INS Kiltan to render assistance to Japan. Sagar and Rewa in MP. What are typhoons?  A typhoon is a mature tropical cyclone that  Art forms from 22 states will be showcased at the develops between 180° and 100°E in the RSM. Northern Hemisphere. This region is referred to as the Northwestern Pacific Basin and is the most About the Ek Bharat Shreshtha Bharat (EBSB) active tropical cyclone basin on Earth. initiative:  This region accounts for nearly one-third of the  This initiative was launched in October 2016 to world’s annual tropical cyclones. promote engagement amongst the people of different States/UTs so as to enhance mutual  Typhoons, hurricanes and cyclones are the same understanding and bonding between people of (all are tropical cyclones); the only difference is diverse cultures, thereby securing stronger unity the storm’s location. and integrity of India. Objectives of the EBSB initiative: Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 38 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019  To celebrate the Unity in Diversity of our nation vehicles and ensure that they are travelling to the and to maintain and strengthen the fabric of same destination that the transporter or the trader had traditionally existing emotional bonds between the specified while generating the e-way bill. people of our country Skill India’s Rozgar Mela  To promote the spirit of national integration through a deep and structured engagement between Context: all Indian States and Union Territories through a year-long planned engagement between States Close to 7500 youth visit Skill India’s Rozgar Mela  To showcase the rich heritage and culture, in Bikaner; More than 2000 aspirants get shortlisted customs and traditions of either State for enabling for jobs. people to understand and appreciate the diversity Details: that is India, thus fostering a sense of common identity  The two-day Rozgar Mela also included a ‘Kaushal Mela’ where young aspirants can gain  To establish long-term engagements and knowledge of the various skilling initiatives of the government.  To create an environment that promotes learning between States by sharing best practices and  The aspirants have the opportunity to register for experiences. Conference on One Nation One training under Pradhan mantra Kaushal Vikas Yojana Fastag (PMKVY) and Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Kendra (PMKK) across key sectors including manufacturing Context: and services. About the Rozgar Mela: A conference on One Nation One Fastag is being held in New Delhi to deliberate on a unified electronic  The Rozgar Mela is one of the largest job fairs tolling solution across the country. organized by the National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC) under the aegis of the Details:  The conference will see the signing of MoUs Ministry of Skill Development and with state departments/other agencies for bringing in Entrepreneurship (MSDE). a unified electronic tolling solution across the  The Mela is one of the NSDC’s key initiatives for country. providing vocational training and job opportunities to youth in the country.  This would mean enabling the use of the same FASTag affixed on the windscreen of a vehicle at  NSDC works with various stakeholders including every toll plaza in the country under the jurisdiction industry, institutions, training providers and state of different states/agencies and other entities. governments to organise Rozgar Melas to link job seekers with job providers.  This will help provide seamless services to consumers across the country. Sports Ministry Makes Sporting Infrastructure Accessible to All  MoUs will also be signed for the integration of FASTag with GST E- Way Bill (EWB) System.  The GST Council has already accorded ‘in- Context: principle’ approval for this integration. The Ministry of Youth Affairs & Sports has  The integration of EWB system with FASTag decided to allow national and state sports will help revenue authorities track the movement of federations, leagues and clubs to organise sports Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 39 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019 events in all sporting facilities owned by the  The movement was launched on the birth government, free of cost in order to further the Fit anniversary of Major Dhayanchand, hockey icon India Movement and to make playfields and from India. sporting infrastructure accessible, without fee, to all sportspersons across the country from November DHARMA GUARDIAN – 2019 2019. Context Details:  The sporting facilities will also be accessible  Joint Military Exercise DHARMA GUARDIAN- free of cost to coaches training athletes who are not 2019 between India and Japan will be conducted at part of camps organised in Sports Authority of Counter Insurgency and Jungle Warfare School, India (SAI) centres. Vairengte, Mizoram.  The decision was taken with the view that About the exercise people must have access to playfields and sporting infrastructure so that the culture of playing sport  Indian Army and Japanese Ground Self Defence and therefore of fitness, becomes a way of life for Forces (JGSDF) will participate in the exercise with Indians. an aim to share experience gained during various Counter-Terrorism Operations in respective  In the first phase, stadiums in Delhi including Countries. Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium, Indira Gandhi Stadium, Major Dhyanchand Stadium and Karni Singh  Exercise DHARMA GUARDIAN is an annual Shooting Range will be opened up for state and training event which is being conducted in India national federations to host competitions, since 2018. tournaments and leagues of all sporting disciplines.  Notably, in the series of military training exercises  The new policy will also allow non-SAI coaches to undertaken by India with various countries Exercise train their athletes at the stadia without any charge, DHARMA GUARDIAN with Japan is crucial and provided that the coach has a minimum of at least 10 significant in terms of security challenges faced by wards under his or her training. both the nations in the backdrop of global terrorism.  To ensure focussed use of the available  The scope of this exercise covers joint training on infrastructure, each stadium is being earmarked for a counter-terrorism operations in the jungle and urban specific sport. scenario. About the Fit India Movement:  The joint military exercise will enhance the level of defence co-operation between the Indian Army and  The Fit India Movement aims to encourage Indians the Japanese Ground Self Defence Forces (JGSDF) to include fitness activities and sports in their daily which in turn will further foster the bilateral relations lives to pave way for a healthy and fit lifestyle. between the two nations.  The root cause of most lifestyle diseases are SARAS Aajeevika Mela Inaugurated lifestyle disorders and there are many diseases that can be overcome by making small changes in our Context lifestyle  Union Minister of State for Rural Development  Lifestyle diseases like diabetes and hypertension inaugurated SARAS Aajeevika Mela. are increasing in India. About the Mela  The movement is not just central government’s but of all state governments, panchayats and local bodies. Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 40 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019  SARAS Aajeevika Mela is an initiative by the Shri Naidu also announced that India will be gifting Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana-National Rural medicines and medical equipment worth USD 1 Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NRLM) and Ministry mn, USD 1 mn for transport vehicles, USD 2 mn of Rural Development (MoRD). for procurement of high-speed interceptor boats and 1000 MT of rice. He also announced Line-of-credit  The objective of this initiative is to bring the rural of USD 41.6 mn for setting up an 18MW power women Self Help Groups (SHGs) formed with the plant in Moroni and a vocational training centre. support of DAY-NRLM, under one platform to showcase their skills, sell their products and help IN-BN CORPAT them build linkages with bulk buyers. Context:  Through participation in SARAS Aajeevika Mela, these rural SHG women get vital national India – Bangladesh navies undertake coordinated level exposure to understand the demand and taste patrol in north Bay of Bengal. of urban customers. Details:  The Mela is organised by the marketing arm of  The second edition of Indian Navy (IN) – the Ministry, Council for Advancement of People’s Bangladesh Navy (BN) Coordinated Patrol (CORPAT) commenced in Northern Bay of Bengal. Action and Rural Technology (CAPART).  The two-day CORPAT will be followed by the  Workshops for the rural SHG women would be maiden edition of IN-BN Bilateral Exercise at Visakhapatnam. conducted during the Mela, which will help them  The IN-BN CORPAT which commenced in 2018, to enhance their knowledge and sharpen their is aimed at upgrading to a bilateral exercise with the navies engaging in seamanship evolutions, flying skills in bookkeeping and GST, product design, exercises with integral helicopters and maritime patrol aircraft at sea. packaging, marketing/e-marketing, communication skills etc. India and Comoros sign MoUs Context:  Additionally, exercises entailing the development of mutual communication and sharing of best India and Comoros signed MoUs on defence practices would also be undertaken, adding a new cooperation, health, culture and arts. Vice President dimension to the Indo – Bangladesh maritime Venkaiah Naidu is on a visit to the island nation. relations. Details:  With a common territorial boundary of over 4000 km and a maritime boundary, navies of both the  Comoros conferred the highest civilian honour of counties aim to practice and hone their mutual ‘the order of the Green Crescent’ on the Vice cooperation whilst patrolling near the International President. Maritime Boundary Line (IMBL) during the current  6 MoUs were signed in the fields of: edition of CORPAT.  Defence cooperation  Health and medicine Kayakalp awards  Arts and culture  Tele-education (e-Vidya Bharati) Context:  Tele-medicine (e-Arogya Bharati) Union Health Minister gave away Kayakalp awards to public and private health facilities for high MoUs on exemption of Visa for Diplomatic and standards of sanitation and hygiene. Official Passport holders for short visits and protocol on foreign office consultation were also Details: signed. Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 41 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019  The Kayakalp Award was instituted as part of  The app is aimed to encourage Public the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan in 2015 as a national engagement in planting trees and other such Green initiative to recognize and felicitate public health drives. facilities that demonstrate high levels of cleanliness, hygiene and infection control measures  People can now upload information/photos of any on promoting cleanliness in public spaces. plantation done by them, which is linked to the app and will be displayed on the official website About Kayakalp: www.epgc.gov.in.  This is a nationwide initiative under the Swachh  The App provides for automatic geo-tagging of Bharat Mission to promote cleanliness and enhance plants. the quality of public health facilities.  This app will also enable nodal officers to periodically monitor the plantation.  The purpose of this initiative is to appreciate and recognise their effort to create a healthy SARAS Aajeevika Mela environment.  Swachhta guidelines for health facilities along Context: with this initiative have also been issued.  SARAS Aajeevika Mela is an initiative by the  There is a cash award as well which winners Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana-National Rural receive. Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NRLM), Ministry of Rural Development. Objectives of the Kayakalp Award Scheme:  To promote cleanliness, hygiene and Infection  It aims to bring the rural women Self Help Control Practices in public Health Care Facilities. Groups (SHGs) formed with support of DAY-NRLM,  To incentivize and recognize such public under one platform to showcase their skills, sell their healthcare facilities that show exemplary products and help them build linkages with bulk performance in adhering to standard protocols of buyers. cleanliness and infection control.  To inculcate a culture of ongoing assessment  Through participation in SARAS Aajeevika and peer review of performance related to hygiene, Mela, these rural SHG women get vital national level cleanliness and sanitation. exposure to understand the demand and taste of urban  To create and share sustainable practices related customers. to improved cleanliness in public health facilities linked to positive health outcomes.  The Mela is organised by the marketing arm of the Ministry, Council for Advancement of People’s mHariyali Action and Rural Technology (CAPART). Context:  Over 200 stalls have been set-up at the Mela venue in New Delhi, where nearly 500 rural SHG Mobile App, “mHariyali” Launched for craftswomen from 29 States and UTs will showcase ‘Environment Protection in Government Colonies’ varied range of products like handicrafts, Website handlooms, natural food products. Details:  Workshops for the rural SHG women would be conducted during the Mela, which will help them to enhance their knowledge and sharpen their skills in book keeping and GST, product design, packaging, marketing/e-marketing, communication skills, etc. Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 42 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019 9th Regional Comprehensive Economic  The supply of tomatoes has taken a hit due to the Partnership (RCEP) Intersessional incessant rains in Karnataka and Maharashtra. This is Ministerial Meeting expected to normalise in the next 10 days as the rains have receded. Context:  To mitigate the shortfall in availability of tomatoes in Delhi, Safal has agreed to provide tomato Union Minister of Commerce & Industry Shri puree from all its outlets in Delhi at Rs. 25 per 200 Piyush Goyal is attending the 9th Regional gram pack. Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) Intersessional Ministerial Meeting on 11 – 12  Tomato producing states will be requested to October at Bangkok. facilitate augmenting the supply from their respective states to regions which are in short supply including Details: Delhi to improve availability and moderate prices.  This will be the last Ministerial before the  Tomato producing states have been regularly 3rd Leaders’ Summit to be held in November 2019 in advised to interact with APMcs, traders and Bangkok, which Prime Minister Narendra Modi is transporters to ensure regular supply. The same is expected to attend. being reiterated to the 4 major tomato producing states namely, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Himachal  This intersessional ministerial is considered Pradesh and Andhra Pradesh so that prices normalize crucial because in November 2019, the RCEP is and supply is augmented immediately. scheduled to be announced as concluded. 13th Conference of Central Council of  The 28th round of negotiations for RCEP at the Health and Family Welfare (CCHFW) expert level had concluded at Da Nang, Vietnam in September 2019. Context:  Minister Goyal had met several people from the The Union Health Minister Shri Harsh Vardhan Indian industry in preparation for this meeting. The inaugurated the 13th Conference of Central Council focus and emphasis of the meetings chaired by the of Health and Family Welfare (CCHFW) in New Commerce and Industry Minister was on putting in Delhi. place appropriate safeguards including auto-trigger mechanism against sudden surge in imports from Details: RCEP countries. The RCEP is a proposed Free Trade Agreement  Health ministers from 13 states and UTs between the ten member states of the ASEAN and its participated in the event. 6 partners which include India. For more on the RCEP.  The minister stated that the purpose of the CCHFW meeting was to build a consensus on the Price and Availability of Tomatoes national health priorities i.e. Universal Health across India Coverage (UHC) through Ayushman Bharat, eliminating TB and other priority agenda such as Context: strengthening medical infrastructure. The Union Government reviewed the price and  A member of the NITI Aayog opined that the two availability situation of tomatoes across India and priority areas underscored by the Aayog are: took key decisions to contain prices.  Increasing the health budgets by the Centre and Details: the States/UTs  Enhancing health infrastructure Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 43 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019 The minister also launched ‘Surakshit Matritva  Zero expenses for C – section facilities Aashwasan (SUMAN)’ for Zero Preventable About World Sight Day: Maternal and Newborn Deaths, its website and the grievance redressal portal.  This day is observed annually on the second He also released the Report on National Diabetes & Thursday of October. Diabetic Retinopathy Survey India 2015-19 and  The objective behind this is to steer global focus on Report on National Blindness & Visual Impairment blindness and vision impairments. Survey India 2015-19, because 10th October is also ‘World Sight Day’.  This was originally initiated by the Lions Club International in 2000. Since then, it has been In addition, the minister also released guidelines on integrated with the International Agency for the drugs, diagnostic services, biomedical equipment Prevention of Blindness (IABP) and the WHO. management and maintenance under the Pradhan Mantri National Dialysis Program.  Theme for 2019: Vision First About the Council of Health and Family Welfare: About the Pradhan Mantri National Dialysis Program:  It is an apex advisory body to consider and  This scheme was started in 2016 under the National recommend broad lines of policy in regard to matters Health Mission to provide free dialysis services to the concerning health and family welfare. poor.  The Union Minister for Health & Family Welfare  It was envisaged to be conducted in a PPP (public- is the Chairperson, while the Minister of State for private partnership) model. Health & Family Welfare is the Vice-Chairperson.  Every year, there are 2.2 lakh new patients of End  Its first meeting was held in 1988. Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) in India. About the ‘Surakshit Matritva Aashwasan (SUMAN)’ scheme:  This generates additional demand for 3.4 crore dialysis every year.  The scheme offers free medicines for pregnant women.  There are only approximately 5000 dialysis centres in the country mostly in the private sector.  It aims to bring down the Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) and Infant Mortality Rate (IMR).  Dialysis costs a lot to the families who have to bear it. Apart from the financial strain, there is also  Under this programme, mothers up to 6 months the burden of travelling long distances to avail of the after the delivery and the new born can avail free service. healthcare benefits including:  Under this scheme, 100% of the service  Minimum of four antenatal check-ups procedure fee is covered for BPL families.  One check-up during the first trimester  Non-BPL patients would have the benefit of accessing the services close to the community at the  Iron Folic acid supplementation district hospitals at the same rates as paid by the Government for the BPL patient.  Six home-based new born care visits PoJK Displaced Persons  Tetanus Diphtheria injection Context:  Free transport will be provided from home to the health institutions by the central government A delegation of PoJK Displaced Persons called on Union Minister Dr Jitendra Singh.  Referral services will be provided under the scheme with the scope of reaching the health facilities within an hour of critical emergencies Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 44 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019 Details: Indian carpet manufacturers and exporters to meet and establish business relationship.  PoJK Displaced Persons implies Pakistan- occupied Jammu & Kashmir (PoJK) Displaced  The Expo is organized twice a year in Varanasi Persons. and Delhi.  The Centre had approved a resettlement package  India Carpet Expo is one of the largest handmade under which Rs. 5.5 lakh would be given to each of carpet fairs in Asia. the 5300 families that were displaced from PoK, had settled outside Jammu & Kashmir, and then had  The carpet industry uses diverse raw-materials relocated inside other regions in the state. from various parts of India like wool, silk, manmade  These families had been left out of the Centre’s fibre, jute, cotton and various blends of different resettlement package. yarns.  In 1947, when Pakistan had attacked the state,  The industry has immense potential for growth 31619 families from what is now called PoK had both in production and exports. The industry is migrated elsewhere to avoid the aggressive environment-friendly and does not use scarce and incursion. perishable energy resources.  Out of these, 26319 families had settled in other  The major carpet producing centres in India are in parts of J&K, while the remaining 5300 moved to the states of Uttar Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, other parts of the country. Rajasthan, Haryana, Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, North East Region of India,  The Centre had announced a resettlement package Andhra Pradesh, Odisha, Telangana, Chhattisgarh in 2016 for the 26319 families, and also for 10065 and Jharkhand. families who were displaced from the Chhamb- Niabat area (in 1965 and 1971 wars). But the 5300  India exports 85-90% of its total carpet families who had moved outside the state were not production. covered. About the Carpet Export Promotion Council (CEPC):  Now, the Centre has included them as well in the  The CEPC was established in 1982 by the Textiles package. Ministry to promote the export of carpets and allied products from India. 38th India Carpet Expo in Varanasi  It has more than 2700 members from across India. Context:  It is the endeavour of the Council to provide exclusive business environment to the carpet The Carpet Export Promotion Council (CEPC) is importers as well as manufacturers and exporters. organizing the 38th India Carpet Expo (15th in Varanasi) in October 2019.  It also sends trade delegations to markets all over the world to showcase Indian products. About the India Carpet Expo:  It is a non-profit organisation.  The aim of the event is to promote the cultural 5th National Council on India’s heritage and weaving skills of Indian hand-made Nutrition Challenges carpets and other floor coverings for the visiting overseas carpet buyers. Context:  The expo is a platform for international carpet The Union Minister of Women and Child buyers, buying houses, buying agents, architects and Development Ms. Smriti Irani chaired the Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 45 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019 5th National Council on India’s Nutrition Challenges over the last one year. This and other efforts have in New Delhi. It was decided to set up a National led to a 16% rise in the identification of new cases. Advisory Panel for Agri Nutrition.  In 2018 – 19, 17149 Health & Wellness Centres About the National Council on India’s Nutrition (HWCs) were operationalized. More than 1.8 lakh Challenges: health workers were trained.  New vaccines for Tetanus and adult Diphtheria  This Council was set up by the Ministry of were introduced replacing the Tetanus Toxoid (TT) Women and Child Development under the POSHAN vaccine under universal immunization programme in Abhiyaan. 2018. The objectives of the Council are:  Until March 2019, 30.50 Crore children were covered under the Measles-Rubella (MR)  To provide policy directions to address India’s vaccination drive. nutrition challenges through coordinated inter- sectoral action  Rotavirus Vaccine now covers all the  To coordinate and review convergence among states/UTs. The Pneumococcal Conjugated Vaccine ministries (PCV) was introduced to 5 new states.  To review programmes for nutrition on a quarterly basis  The routine and recurring incentives of ASHAs got increased from 1000 per month to 2000 per Progress under National Health month. ASHAs and ASHA Facilitators were Mission (NHM) provided the cover of Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Beema Yojna (Premium of Rs. 330 contributed by Gol) and Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Beema Yojna (Premium of Rs.12 contributed by Gol). Context:  Anaemia Mukt Bharat (AMB) Abhiyaan was launched under POSHAN Abhiyaan in April 2018. The Union Cabinet chaired by the Prime Minister Under the same scheme, Home Based Care for Shri Narendra Modi has been apprised of the Young Child (HBYC) programme was also initiated. progress under the National Health Mission (NHM).  The scheme for awarding States/UTs/Districts Details: for achieving disease-free status in TB/Leprosy/Malaria/Kala-Azar/Lymphatic-  There has been acceleration in the decline of Filariasis/Cataract was approved. This will allow Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR), Under Five certification of the districts/states as Disease Free Mortality Rate (U5MR) and the Infant Mortality ahead of the national certification and promote Rate (IMR) since the launch of the NHM. healthy competition among states and districts.  The government perceives that if this rate continues, the country should be able to achieve its  The National Viral Hepatitis Control Programme SDG target (MMR-70, U5MR-25) much before the was approved for prevention, management and expected 2030. treatment of Hepatitis to A, B, C and E and rollout was initiated.  Malaria cases have come down by about 49% and MoUs signed between India and malaria deaths have declined by about 50% from Foreign Broadcasters 2013 to 2017.  The Revised National Tuberculosis Control Context: Programme has been strengthened. There has been a three-fold increase in the use of CBNAAT machines Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 46 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019 The Union Cabinet has given ex-post facto approval activities like irrigation, maintenance and for the MoUs between India and foreign mobilization of machinery and tools. broadcasters in the field of radio and television.  Also, the just-started festive season will put Details: further stress on the financial condition of poor farmers.  The MoUs are expected to benefit the Indian  Non-seeding of beneficiaries’ details with the public broadcasters in the following ways: Aadhaar number will delay the release of further  Help in exploring new visions instalments and will cause discontentment among the farmers.  Help with new strategies to address the demands of new technologies and stiff competition  Therefore, the mandatory requirement of Aadhaar seeding for release of benefits after 1st August, 2019  Work towards media liberalisation has been relaxed till 30th November, 2019.  Steer towards globalisation  This will enable immediate release of benefits to a large number of farmers who are not able to avail the Co-production will lead to equity and inclusiveness same due to this requirement. among viewer/listeners of DD and All India Radio (AIR). Exchanges of technical Know-how, expertise and training of manpower would help the India International Cooperatives public broadcaster to meet the emerging challenges Trade Fair in the field of broadcasting. Cabinet approves relaxation of Context: Aadhaar seeding of data of the beneficiaries under Pradhan Mantri The first-ever ‘India International Cooperatives KisanSamman Nidhi (PM-Kisan) Trade Fair’ will be held in October 2019 at New Delhi. Details: Context:  The chief aim of the trade fair is achieving the goal of doubling farmers’ income. The Union Cabinet has approved the relaxation of the mandatory requirement of Aadhaar Seeded data  This will be a 3-day fair. as a pre-condition for release of funds to the beneficiaries under the Pradhan Mantri  As 94% of the farmers in India are members of KisanSamman Nidhi (PM-Kisan) scheme. at least one cooperative institution, the fair is aimed at furthering the government’s vision and goal of Details: doubling farmers’ income by promoting cooperative-to-cooperative trade within India and  This decision was taken in view of the fact that abroad and promoting exports of key agriculture it has not been possible to get 100% Aadhaar commodities and products leading to enhanced rural seeding for release of funds as per the prescribed and farm prosperity. time schedule before release of instalments after 1st August, 2019.  The fair will also provide an opportunity for industry and business houses from India and abroad  Since farmers are still gearing up for the Rabi to build alliances, engage in business networking season, they are in dire need of money to take care and product sourcing, and interact with the primary of various farming activities like procurement of producers of a wide range of products and service seeds, preparation of soil and other associated providers. Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 47 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019  More than 120 Indian cooperatives and 35 Who is conducting the fair: It is jointly organised countries have purchased exhibition booths for by NCDC in association with the Bangkok-based participating in the fair. international organization NEDAC and leading organizations in India (NAFED, APEDA, ITPO,  International organisations from Australia, etc.) with the support of Ministries of Agriculture & Bangladesh, Belgium, Bhutan, Brazil, China, Farmers Welfare, Commerce and Industry and Columbia, Fiji, Germany, Iran, Israel, Japan, Jordan, External Affairs, and also six State Kenya, Malaysia, Mauritius, Nepal, Nigeria, Governments/UTs. Philippines, Russia, Spain, Sri Lanka, Senegal, Thailand, Tanzania, United States of America, Gagan Enabled Mariner’s Instrument United Kingdom, United Arab Emirates and for Navigation and Information Vietnam will be showcasing products. (GEMINI)  The Yuva Sahakar Cooperative Enterprise Context: Support and Innovation Scheme 2019 will be launched at the opening ceremony of the fair.  This is an initiative of the National Cooperative The Government launched the Gagan Enabled Development Corporation (NCDC). (NCDC is a Mariner’s Instrument for Navigation and statutory corporation established with the objective Information (GEMINI) device, which is a low-cost of planning and promoting programmes for device for ocean states forecast and mapping production, processing, marketing, storage, export potential fishing zones. and import of agricultural produce, foodstuffs, industrial goods, livestock and certain other notified Limitations of the old system: commodities and services on cooperative principles.)  The new device will help in seamless and effective dissemination of emergency information  The scheme is designed to support cooperatives to and communication on disaster warnings, Potential venture into new and innovative areas. Fishing Zones (PFZ) and Ocean States Forecasts (OSF) to fishermen.  The scheme will be linked to a Rs 1000 crore ‘Cooperative Start-up and Innovation Fund (CSIF)’  While PFZ Advisories provide information on created by the NCDC. the probable locations on fish aggregation in the seas, OSF provide the accurate state of the ocean.  All types of cooperatives that have been in operation for more than a year are eligible for the  Though the advisories and forecasts are scheme. disseminated through multiple communication modes, none of them could provide such  Special incentives are given for cooperatives in the information, including the disaster warnings when north-eastern region, Aspirational Districts, and the fishermen move away from the coast beyond cooperatives with women/SC/ST/PwD members. 10-12 km. Sahakar Bharati, the single largest organisation  That remained a major limitation in focusing to enlighten the masses about the benefits disseminating the information to fishermen who go of cooperative movement also plans to showcase and in the sea beyond 50 nautical miles; sometimes up to launch ‘Simplydesi’ brand at the inaugural of the 300 nautical miles and beyond to conduct multiday fair. fishing. The trade fair is conceived as a major platform to  This lacuna was severely felt during the Ockhi promote exports of Indian cooperative produce. cyclone in 2017, when fishermen went out, for deep It would also provide a platform for cross-learning particularly in the current scenario of digitisation. Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 48 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019 sea fishing before the onset of the cyclone and could  GAGAN Payload is operational through three not be informed about the developing cyclone. geosynchronous satellites (GSAT-8, GSAT-10 and GSAT-15). About GEMINI:  GAGAN, though primarily meant for aviation,  To overcome this difficulty, the Indian National will provide benefits beyond aviation to many other Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS), an user segments such as intelligent transportation, autonomous body under the Ministry of Earth maritime, highways, railways, surveying, geodesy, Sciences (MoES) joined hands with the Airports security agencies, telecom industry, personal users Authority of India (AAI) to utilize the GAGAN of position location applications, etc. (GPS Aided Geo Augmented Navigation) satellite system to transmit the PFZ, OSF and disaster Mahatma Gandhi National Fellowship warnings to fishermen. Programme  To receive the messages transmitted through the Context: GAGAN satellites, INCOIS together with AAI developed a low-cost GAGAN system-enabled The Ministry of Skill Development and GEMINI device. Entrepreneurship launched Mahatma Gandhi National Fellowship Programme with IIM  GEMINI was electronically designed and Bangalore. manufactured by a private player based in Bangalore under the Make in India Program. Details:  The GEMINI device receives and transfers the  The Ministry of Skill Development and data received from GAGAN satellite/s to a mobile Entrepreneurship (MSDE) signed a contract with the through Bluetooth communication. Indian Institute of Management (IIM) Bangalore for introducing a two-year fellowship programme  A mobile application developed by INCOIS Mahatma Gandhi National Fellowship (MGNF) decodes and displays the information in nine programme. regional languages.  The objective behind this initiative is to boost About the GAGAN satellite: skill development at the district level.  The Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO)  Designed under Skills Acquisition and and Airports Authority of India (AAI) have Knowledge Awareness for Livelihood Promotion implemented the GPS Aided Geo Augmented (SANKALP) the fellowship aims to address the Navigation-GAGAN project as a Satellite Based challenge of non-availability of personnel for Augmentation System (SBAS) for the Indian implementation of various programmes at national, Airspace. state and district levels.  The objective of GAGAN is to establish, deploy  The programme has been launched on a pilot and certify satellite-based augmentation system for basis in 75 districts in 7 states. safety-of-life civil aviation applications in India.  Eligible fellows for the programme have to be in  GAGAN GEO footprint extends from Africa to the 21-30 years age-group, have a graduation degree Australia and has expansion capability for seamless from a recognized university and be citizens of navigation services across the region. India. Proficiency in official language of state of fieldwork will be mandatory.  It is interoperable with other international SBAS like US-WAAS, European EGNOS, and Japanese World Mental Health Day MSAS, etc. Context: The Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities (DEPwD), Ministry of Social Justice & Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 49 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019 Empowerment is observing the “World Mental WHO India Country Cooperation Health Day” on 10th October, 2019. Strategy 2019–2023 About the World Mental Health Day: Context:  This day is organized by the World Federation Union Health Minister has launched the WHO India for Mental Health. Country Cooperation Strategy (CCS) 2019–2023.  The 2019 event is supported by WHO as well.  The ‘day’ has the overall objective of raising Details: awareness of mental health issues around the world and mobilizing efforts in support of mental health.  The CCS provides a strategic roadmap for WHO  It was first celebrated in 1992. to work with the Government of India towards  Theme for 2019: Mental Health Promotion achieving its health sector goals, in improving the and Suicide Prevention health of its population and bringing in  It is an annual celebration. transformative changes in the health sector. Pradhan Mantri Innovative Learning  The four areas identified for strategic cooperation Programme (PMILP) – ‘DHRUV’ of WHO with the country encompass:  To accelerate progress on UHC Context:  To promote health and wellness by addressing determinants of health The Union HRD Minister has launched the Pradhan Mantri Innovative Learning Programme –  To protect the population better against health ‘DHRUV’. emergencies  To enhance India’s global leadership in health Details:  The objective of the Pradhan Mantri Innovative The India CCS is one of the first that fully aligns Learning Programme program would be to allow itself with the newly adopted WHO 13th General talented students to realize their full potential and Programme of Work and its ‘triple billion’ targets, contribute to society. the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and WHO South-East Asia Region’s eight Flagship  As part of the scheme, in centres of excellence Priorities. across the country, gifted children will be mentored About the WHO 13th General Programme of and nurtured by renowned experts in different areas, Work (GPW13): so that they can reach their full potential.  GPW13 was adopted by WHO Member States in  Sixty outstandingly talented students from May 2018. across India have been selected in the first batch.  It has three interconnected strategic priorities to  For these 60 students, a programme of around 14 ensure healthy lives and well-being for all ages days’ duration will be conducted.  Achieving universal health coverage  The programme will be called DHRUV (after the Pole Star) and every student to be called ‘DHRUV TARA’.  It will cover two areas, namely, science and  Addressing health emergencies performing arts, with 30 students from each stream.  Promoting healthier populations  The students will be broadly from classes 9 to 12, Air Force Day from all schools including government and private. Context: Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved

pg. 50 Easy to PICK–“PIB Monthly Magazine \"October - 2019 The Prime Minister extended his Air Force Day  There are 8 Regional e-Assessment Centres greetings to air warriors and their families on the (ReAC) set up at Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata occasion of Air Force Day. Ahmedabad, Pune, Bengaluru and Hyderabad which would comprise Assessment unit, Review unit, About Air Force Day: Technical unit and Verification units.  8th October is observed as ‘Air Force Day’ every  In view of the dynamic and all India jurisdiction of year to mark the day when the air arm of the Indian all officers of NeAC and ReAC, this kind of armed forces came into being in the year 1932. connective and collaborative effort of officers is  This year marked the 87th Indian Air Force Day. likely to lead to a better quality of assessments.  It was established as an auxiliary air force of the Advantages of Faceless Assessment: Royal Air Force of Britain. After India became a Republic in 1950, the name Royal Indian Air Force  The setting up of NeAC of the Income Tax was changed to Indian Air Force. Department is a momentous step towards the larger objectives of better taxpayer service, reduction of National e-Assessment Center (NeAC) taxpayer grievances in line with Prime Minister’s vision of ‘Digital India’ and promotion of Ease of  The e-Assessment scheme will facilitate faceless Doing Business. assessment of income tax returns through completely electronic communication between tax officials and  NeAC eliminates human interface between taxpayers. Assessing Officer and Assessee  NeAC will be an independent office that will look  New System optimises the utilisation of resources after the work of e-Assessment scheme through economies of scale Under the new system, taxpayers will receive notices  NeAC introduces team-based assessment with on their registered emails as well as on the web portal dynamic jurisdiction www.incometaxindiaefiling.gov.in with real-time alert through SMS on their registered mobile number,  Ease of compliance for taxpayers specifying the issues for which their cases have been selected for scrutiny.  Brings transparency and efficiency, thus improves the quality of assessment and monitoring The replies to the notices can be prepared at ease by the taxpayers at their own residence or office and be  Functional specialisation as only one agency sent by email to the National e-Assessment Centre by dealing with faceless assessment uploading the same on the designated web portal.  Expeditious disposal of cases This new initiative of faceless assessment is expected to increase ease of compliance for  Standardisation and quality taxpayers as the cost and anxiety of taxpayers are management likely to be greatly reduced. Context  Revenue Secretary inaugurated National e- Assessment Scheme (NeAC). No human interface with the Department would be a eDantseva website game-changer. This is another initiative by CBDT in the field of ease of compliance for our taxpayers.  This is the initiative of the Health and Family Structure: Welfare Ministry in collaboration with AIIMS and other stakeholders.  There would be a NeAC in Delhi to be headed by Principal Chief Commissioner of Income Tax. Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com8010068998/9999801394 ©2018 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved