Suhani Swain P3A RHS ~ Body Systems Flipbook

BODY SYSTEMS FLIPBOOK Suhani Swain Reedy High School Period 3A



Pg. 1 - Integumentary System Pg. 2 - Integumentary System Diagram Pg. 3 - Musculoskeletal System Pg. 4 - Musculoskeletal System Diagram Pg. 5 - Nervous System Pg. 6 - Nervous System Diagram Pg. 7 - Special Senses Pg. 8 - Special Senses Diagram Pg. 9 - Cardiovascular System Pg. 10 - Cardiovascular System Diagram Pg. 11 - Respiratory System Pg. 12 - Respiratory System Diagram Pg. 13 - Digestive System Pg. 14 - Digestive System Diagram Pg. 15 - Urinary System Pg. 16 - Urinary System Diagram Pg. 17 - Reproductive System Pg. 18 - Reproductive System Diagram Pg. 19 - Sources

Careers Integumentary System Diseases/Abnormalities 1. Dermatologist - a medical 1. Basal Cell Carcinoma - practitioner qualified to Function: The purpose of the integumentary system is to slow-growing, malignant diagnose and treat skin tumour of basal cell layer, disorders act as protection, regulate body temperature, excrete rarely spreads 2. Oncologist - a medical (through perspiration/sweating), and perceive stimuli 2. Nevus - highly pigmented practitioner qualified to lesion of the skin (can be diagnose and treat through the use of tactile receptors to sense pain, flat or raised) temperature, pressure, and touch. tumours Vocabulary 3. Pustule - small, infected skin elevation that Key Terms 1. Epidermis - outermost layer of the skin contains pus 2. Dermis - directly under dermis, contains blood 4. Psoriasis - itchy, ▫ derm/dermat/o - skin ▫ kerat/o - horny tissue, vessels, nerve fibers, hair follicles, etc. erythematous, silvery 3. Hypodermis (Subcutaneous) - deepest layer of skin, patches; chronic hard ▫ xer/o - dry stores fat, provides heat insulation ▫ xanth/o - yellow 4. Sebaceous Glands - oil glands all over body except ▫ erythr/o - red blood cell ▫ pedicu/o - body louse palms and soles ▫ onych/o - nail 5. Sudoriferous Glands - sweat glands release ▫ myc/o - fungus ▫ pil/o - hair perspiration to lower body temperature 6. Ulcer - open sore/erosion of skin ▫ lip/o - fat 7. First Degree Burn- only affect outer layer of skin 8. Second Degree Burn - affect outer and underlying layer of skin 9. Third Degree Burn - burns through all layers of skin 10. Acne - characterized by red pimples, prevalent in ▫ rhytid/o - wrinkle teens ▫ albin/o - white

Integumentary System Labeled Diagram

Careers Musculoskeletal Diseases/Abnormalities System 1. Orthopedist - a medical 1. Sprain - overstretching practitioner who /tearing of the ligaments specializes in the correction and 2. Scoliosis - a sideway prevention of skeletal deformities Vocabulary curvature of the spine 3. Contracture - tightening 2. Chiropractor - treats 1. Strain - injuries that involve the stretching or musculoskeletal tearing of a muscle and/or a tendon of the skin and muscle disorders through tissue due to lack of use manual adjustments or 2. Skeletal Muscle - voluntary muscle attached to 4. Muscular Dystrophy - manipulation bone progressive weakness and deterioration of skeletal Key Terms 3. Smooth Muscle - involuntary muscle muscle surrounding internal organs ▫ my/o - muscle ▫ myel/o - bone marrow 4. Cardiac Muscle - involuntary muscle found only ▫ oste/o - bone in the heart - aka myocardial muscle ▫ cost/o - rib 5. Muscles - Tissue that aids in movement ▫ crani/o - cranium (skull) 6. Tendons - Strong bands of tissue that connect Function: The purpose of ▫ -pexy - surgical fixation ▫ chondr/o - cartilage muscle to bone the musculoskeletal ▫ arthr/o - joint 7. Fracture - breaking of the bone - large variety system is for protection ▫ -plegia - paralysis 8. Axial Skeleton - central axis of body, consists of and movement. It also ▫ kinesi/o - movement supports the weight of skull, ribs, sternum, and vertebrae (80 bones) the body, stores minerals, 9. Appendicular Skeleton - pectoral and pelvic manufactures red/white blood cells, and generates girdles, consists of bones of arms, legs, pelvis, and shoulders 10. Spinal Column - backbone/spine (CNS) heat.

Musculoskeletal System Labeled Diagram

Careers Nervous System Diseases/Abnormalities 1. Neurosurgeon - Function: The purpose of the nervous system is to 1. Aneurysm - localized dilation of specializes in surgical a blood vessel, herniation of a treatment of manage sensory input (receive electrical impulses), blood vessel that bursts abnormalities of the integration (interpret impulses into information), and PNS and CNS motor output (voluntary and involuntary responses 2. Cerebral Palsy - permanent brain damage/abnormal early 2. Neurologist - specialist relative to information). development in the anatomy, functions, and disorders Vocabulary 3. Multiple Sclerosis (MS) - of the nervous system chronic progressive 1. CNS-Central Nervous System; brain, spinal cord, demyelination, causes Key Terms autonomic weakness, unsteady gait ▫ neur/o - nerve 2. PNS-Peripheral Nervous System; peripheral nerves, 4. Syncope - fainting due to ▫ encephal/o - brain sensory receptors, somatic inadequate blood flow to brain ▫ myel/o - bone marrow ▫ ambul/o - to walk 3. Neuron - basic cell of nervous system (nerve cell) ▫ -esthesia - sensation, 4. Nerves - structures that carry electrical impulses to feeling CNS ▫ mening/o - membrane 5. CSF-Cerebrospinal Fluid - protects spinal cord, brain ▫ psych/o - ming 6. Occipital Lobe - part of brain - controls vision ▫ concuss/o - shaken 7. Temporal Lobe - part of brain - visual memory, together language processing, smell, hearing, factual memory 8. Frontal Lobe- part of brain - movement, reasoning, planning, problem solving, personality, emotion 9. Parietal Lobe - part of brain - sensory stimuli (touch, pressure, temperature, pain) 10. Cerebrum - largest part of brain, high level cognitive functions

Nervous System Labeled Diagram

Careers Special Senses Diseases/Abnormalities 1. Optometrist - performs eye Function: The purpose of the special senses 1. Ageusia - absence of the exams, diagnoses are to collect information in regards to sight, sense of taste abnormalities touch, smell, pressure, temperature, pain, 2. Anosmia - absence of the 2. Audiologist - specialist who sound, and taste. sense of smell works with hearing, balance, and related disorders - tests Vocabulary 3. Tinnitus - sensation of noises for hearing loss in the ears when no sound is 1. Gustatory Sense - (taste) includes sweet, present (ringing, buzzing, Key Terms salty, sour, bitter, umami (meat/savory) whistling, etc.) ▫ irid/o - iris 2. Olfactory Bulb - structure in brain where 4. Cataract - clouding of the lens ▫ -cusis - hearing odors detected by nose are processed that results in decreased ▫ -opia - sight visual activity, caused by ▫ ot/o - ear 3. Organ of Corti - converts sound waves into protein buildup ▫ tympan/o - eardrum impulses to be processed by cerebral cortex ▫ opthalm/o - eye, vision ▫ -metry - process of 4. Photoreceptors - light-sensitive cells that receive and convert images into impulses measuring 5. Auditory Canal - directs sound into ear canal 6. Cerumen - ear wax - traps debris 7. Cones - photoreceptors that detect color 8. Taste Buds - sensitive, bud-like structures that allow you to distinguish different tastes 9. Labyrinth - structures that control auditory balance and equilibrium 10. Auricle - aka pinna - shell-shaped structure of outer ear

Special Senses Labeled Diagram

Careers Cardiovascular System Diseases/Abnormalities 1. Cardiovascular Surgeon - 1. Congestive Heart Failure specializes in the surgical Function: The purpose of the cardiovascular system (CHF) - a weakness of the treatment of is to transport oxygen, nutrients, and metabolic heart that leads to a cardiovascular buildup of fluid in the lungs abnormalities waste between the heart, lungs, and body through and surrounding body 2. Cardiologist - a doctor blood. tissues who specializes in the 2. Angina - severe chest pain, study or treatment of Vocabulary caused by inadequate cardiovascular disorders blood supply to heart 1. Conduction - system of specialized myocardial cells that send signals to the heart muscle to make it beat 3. Shock - a critical condition Key Terms 2. Pulse - external measurement of the heart, considered caused by a sharp decrease in blood flow ▫ cardi/o - heart to be one of the vital signs of life ▫ angi/o - blood vessel 3. Pulmonary Circulation - carries deoxygenated blood 4. Hypertension - abnormally high blood pressure away from right ventricle to lungs ▫ hem/o, hemat/o - blood 4. Systemic Circulation - carries oxygenated blood from ▫ brady- - slow ▫ tachy- - fast left ventricle to body through arteries ▫ thromb/o - blood clot 5. Superior Vena Cava - brings blood from top part of ▫ -emia - blood condition body ▫ leuk/o - white blood cell 6. Inferior Vena Cava - brings blood from bottom part of body 7. Pulmonary Veins - returns blood to heart after receiving fresh oxygen from lungs 8. Pulmonary Artery - takes used blood from heart to ▫ erythr/o - red blood cell lungs to be oxygenated ▫ arteri/o - artery 9. Myocardium - muscle tissue of the heart 10. Aorta - largest artery, carries blood to all parts of body

Cardiovascular System Labeled Diagram

Careers Respiratory System Diseases/Abnormalities 1. Hyperventilation - breathing is 1. Registered Respiratory Therapist (RRT) - specializes in Function: The purpose of the respiratory system 2. faster than normal, often critical care and caused by stress or anxiety cardiopulmonary medicine in is to provide the body with fresh oxygen, eliminate Asthma - swelling of airways, order to treat abnormalities gaseous metabolic waste (carbon dioxide), and spasms of bronchioles, causes through therapy pass air over the vocal cords to produce sound. difficulty breathing and 2. Pulmonologist - doctor who Vocabulary wheezing, often caused by diagnoses and treats diseases allergies and disorders of the 1. Inspiration - inhalation/breathing in 3. Pulmonary Embolism - blood respiratory system. 2. Expiration - exhalation/breathing out clot in the lung 3. Respiration - gaseous exchange of oxygen Key Terms and carbon dioxide 4. Common Cold - inflammation of respiratory mucous ▫ bronch/o - bronchus 4. Trachea - windpipe membranes ▫ cyan/o - blue 5. Pharynx - throat 6. Larynx - voice box 7. Epiglottis - leaf-life structure that covers the ▫ laryng/o - larynx larynx to keep food from entering trachea and bronchial tree ▫ -oxia - oxygen 8. Bronchi - two tubes that carry air from the ▫ oxy- - oxygen ▫ pleur/o - pleura trachea to the lungs ▫ pneum/o - lung, air 9. Alveoli - grape-like structures that allow for ▫ pulmon/o - lung ▫ thorac/o - thorax, chest respiration at the cellular level ▫ trache/o - trachea, windpipe 10. Diaphragm - muscle that separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities and aids in the physical motion of breathing

Respiratory System Labeled Diagram

Careers Digestive System Diseases/Abnormalities 1. Gastroenterologist - Function: The purpose of the digestive system is 1. Anorexia Nervosa - specializes in the care of self-deprivation of food and the stomach and intestines to perform ingestion, digestion, absorption, and pathological weight loss elimination of nutrients and food waste. 2. Proctologist - doctor who 2. Obesity - more than 30% studies and/or treats Vocabulary overweight abnormal conditions of the colon, rectum, and anus 1. Pharynx - three parts (nasopharynx, 3. Celiac Disease - malabsorption (men have prostate cancer oropharynx, and laryngopharynx) separate of gluten - consumption of exams, women go to respiratory and digestive system tracks gluten causes weight loss and gynecologists) diarrhea 2. Esophagus - muscular tube lined with a Key Terms mucous membrane - connects pharynx to 4. Hepatitis - inflammation of the stomach liver, caused by a viral infection ▫ cholecyst/o - gallbladder ▫ enter/o - small intestine 3. Stomach - sac-like organ filled with acidic ▫ col/o, colon/o - colon, large gastric fluid intestine 4. Small Intestine - uses villi to absorb nutrients ▫ hepat/o - liver 5. Large Intestine - lubes stool with mucus and ▫ gastr/o - stomach ▫ or/o - mouth absorbs any remaining nutrients ▫ -pepsia - digestion 6. Rectum - stores feces until defecation ▫ chol/e - bile 7. Feces - food waste ▫ proct/o - anus and rectum 8. Liver - stores nutrients, filters blood, converts glycogen into glucose, produces bile 9. Gallbladder - stores bile to breakdown fats 10. Pancreas - produces enzymes for digestion

Digestive System Labeled Diagram

Careers Urinary System Diseases/Abnormalities 1. Urologist - treat disorders Function: The purpose of the urinary system is to 1. Anuria - absence of urine and diseases of the female production urinary tract and male filter blood and excrete the wasteful by-product. genitourinary tract 2. Cystitis - inflammation of the Vocabulary bladder 2. Nephologist - doctors that studies and/or treats 1. Ureters - tube that carries urine from kidneys to 3. Polycystic Kidney Disease - abnormal conditions of the bladder disease characterized by the kidneys development of cysts in the 2. Bladder - muscular sac that stores urine kidney, leading to enlargement Key Terms 3. Urethra - duct which urine passes through to and impaired kidney function ▫ -cele - hernia, tumour, exit body (and sperm for men) 4. Dysuria - difficult or painful swelling 4. Urine - waste material that is secreted by the urination ▫ -lysis - loosening, kidney destruction 5. Diuresis - abnormal increase in urine production 6. Enuresis - involuntary discharge of urine ▫ cyst/o - bladder, sac 7. Oliguria - condition in which a small amount of ▫ nephr/o - kidney ▫ ren/o - kidney urine is produced ▫ -uria - urine 8. Urinary Retention - inability to completely empty ▫ -pexy - surgical fixation ▫ -ectasis - dilation, the bladder due to a urethral blockage or a neurological disorder expansion 9. Urinary Incontinence - loss of voluntary control ▫ pyel/o - renal pelvis over the discharge of urine from the bladder 10. Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) - infection caused by bacteria in the bladder, more common in women than men due to shorter urethra

Urinary System Labeled Diagram

Careers Reproductive System Diseases/Abnormalities 1. Infertility - inability to 1. Gynecologist - a physician or surgeon Function: The purpose of the reproductive system is to conceive children or qualified to deal with the young health of the female produce, transport, and sustain egg and sperm cells, then 2. Azoospermia - absence reproductive system nurture developing offspring. of motile sperm in semen 2. Andrologist - a type of Vocabulary 3. Syphilis - a chronic urologist who specializes bacterial disease that is in male reproductive and 1. Ovaries - female reproductive organ where ova contracted during sexual urological health (immature eggs) are produced intercourse or congenitally Key Terms 2. Ovum - mature female reproductive cells (egg) 3. Fallopian Tubes - two tubes that connect and carry 4. Prolapsed Uterus - the ▫ cervic/o - cervix uterus protrudes from the ▫ salping/o - fallopian tube ovum from the ovaries to the uterus vagina as a result of ▫ ov/o - egg, ovum 4. Uterus - womb, muscular female organ to nourish weakened pelvic floor ▫ orchid/o - testes muscles and ligaments ▫ oophor/o - ovary developing young prior to birth ▫ men/o - menstruation 5. Vagina - muscular canal from cervix to outside of body ▫ mamm/o - breast 6. Ovulation - the periodic release of ovum from the ovary ▫ gynec/o - woman, female ▫ colp/o - vagina to the uterus ▫ prostat/o - prostate 7. Gestation - the period of time between conception (fertilization of ovum) and birth 8. Penis - a male erectile organ that discharges both urine and semen 9. Prostate Gland - produces some of the liquid in semen 10. Semen - a fluid of the male reproductive tract that contains sperm cells (spermatozoa) and is released during ejaculation

Reproductive System Labeled Diagram

Sources ▫ Medical Terminology Notebook(s) ▫ Google Images ▫ \" Introduction To Medical Terminology, 1St Edition \". G-Wonlinetextbooks.Com, 2020, https://www.g-wonlinetextbooks.com/introduction-medical-t erminology-2017/. Accessed 17 Sept 2020.