Digital book Class 4 2nd edition

Points to Know • MS-Paint is a feature that comes with Windows Operating Sys- tem. It is used to create drawings on a blank drawing area or in existing pictures. • Polygon tool is used to make a custom shape with any number of sides. • Color 1 is used with pencil, brushes and shapes outline. It is known as foreground color. • Color 2 is used with eraser and shape fills. It is known as back- ground color. • Size feature is used to set the thickness of outline of shape. • Shapes group is used to draw varieties of shapes for painting. • Brushes is used to draw different types of drawing and painting. • Outline and Fill is to be set before drawing the shapes. Once draw and deselect the selection, you can not edit outline and Fill feature. • Tools are the features to edit and create painting or picture in MS- Paint. • Image group is used to modify the whole image as selection and cropped, resize, rotate the image. • Clipboard is a temporary storage location which holds the informa- tion after using Cut and Copy command. Page Painting & Drawing 96

Terms to Know Polygon : A closed plane figure, having three or more, usually straight, sides Custom Shape : Shape designed specifically for an individual interest Closed Figure : Figure traced using the same starting and stopping points, and without crossing or retracing any section of the figure Open Figure : Figure which is not closed with starting and ending point Callout Shape : Shape which shows the information of another character Texture : The degree of pictures surface or stroke is rough or smooth, or soft or hard Clipboard : Short-term data storage location after using cut or copy for paste operation Grid : Gathering of row and column helps to draw picture Magnifier : Tool that Produces an enlarged image of an object Skew : To change the direction of image slantingly Flipping : To turn the direction in upside down Transparent : Clear looking Foreground : Front portion of a scene that is nearest to the viewer Background : Ground part of the scene Smart Page Computer Science Book-4 97

Worksheet Objective Questions undo 1. Fill in the blanks with suitable word: polygon 1 View cropping redo a. ............................. command is used to recall the function of Undo. b. Show or hide feature group is available under .................... tab. c. ......................... command is used to remove the last change in your work. d. Fill With Color option fills the color to the shape with color ............ group. e. Outline of Shape is colored with Color .........................group. f. .......................... lets you visible only selected portion of the drawing. g. Custom shape is drawn using .............................. tool. 2. Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statement: a. Paint program is an Accessories of windows . b. Combination of Ctrl and + increases the size of eraser and brushes. c. There is no any color editing feature in MS-Paint. d. To deselect the selected picture, just click within the selection portion. e. When you save a picture first time you do not need to give the file name. Page Painting & Drawing 98

f. The Undo command allows you to undo the first action. g. It is not possible to resize the image without selection. h. Copy and Paste is a technique of moving object from one place to another place. i. 'Zoom In' technique helps to see a part of a drawing more closely. j. Immediate deleted picture can be recalled using Undo command. 3. Match the Following: Group A Group B a. Ctrl+Y Open b. Ctrl+O Undo c. Del Redo d. Ctrl+Z Save e. Ctrl+N Delete selected picture f. Ctrl+S Start new drawing Descriptive Questions 1. Answer the following questions: a. What is MS-Paint? Why do you use it? Ans: ............................................................................................................................ ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... b. Differentiate between Fill with Color tool and Fill Shape. Smart Page Computer Science Book-4 99

Ans: ............................................................................................................................ ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... c. Differentiate between Foreground and Background Color. Ans: ............................................................................................................................ ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................... d. What types of features can be applied with Text tool? Ans: ............................................................................................................................ ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... e. List out the type of brushes available in the Ms-Paint. Ans: ............................................................................................................................ ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... f. When do you use selection technique? Ans: ............................................................................................................................ Page Painting & Drawing 100

..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... g. When do you edit color? Ans: ............................................................................................................................ ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... h. Differentiate between Save and Save AS. Ans: ............................................................................................................................ ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... i. When do you use Zoom Out technique? Ans: ............................................................................................................................ ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... Smart Page Computer Science Book-4 101

Case Study and Application-based Questions 1. Jokhani Marik wants to display beautiful animated images on the moni- tor, when her computer is idle for certain time, for this case which feature would you like to suggest Jokahni? Solution : ................................................................................................................. 2. When you are painting, due to some problem you might want to go back just three times previous situation. In this case, which technique do you apply? Solution : ................................................................................................................. 3. While working in the paint, you have deleted a lot of unnecessary works one after another. But last one which got deleted was more important. So, you thought to recall it using Undo technique. But by mistake you pressed Undo command two times. Due to this second last deleted function was also recalled but it was not necessary. Now, in this situation which tech- nique would you like to apply to solve this problem? Solution : ................................................................................................................ 4. Ram Nath Yadav is getting a problem. When he moves a selected object over another object that starts to move with background color of selected object. He needs to move only selected object without its background. Now, to solve the problem, which technique would be applied? Solution : ................................................................................................................ 5. Rudra Narayan Jha has created two drawings one is cow and another is the hut of cow in two separate window of Paint program. These two draw- ings are almost in full page. Now he is interested to keep both drawings in a single paint window and arrange them properly. Finally he is interested to save this drawing with new name. Now, in this situation, what techniques should be applied by Rudra Narayan. Solution : .................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................... 6. Arpita Yadav is editing a picture of Sumi Jha. Some of the typical colors Page Painting & Drawing 102

available in the picture provided by Sumi. Again and again, Arpita Yadav has to use this color in the editing task. But it is not available in color palette and it will not come exactly after color editing. In this situation, What Arpita should do to use this exact color of picture provided by Sumi Jaha. Solution : .................................................................................................................... 7. Rabi Kant Chaudhary is making a drawing to print in flex board for the auspicious occasion of Maghi Parva celebration in his locality. There are different types of drawings. While working, he has to move some of the objects around the page or interchange the place with each other in the same page. There may be multiple techniques to move an object in same window. Which technique should be most reliable for Rabi Kant. Solution : ..................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................... 8. Aslam Khan is getting a problem in the given two drawings: a. In the first drawing, he can change color of the stroke and drawing's fill with 'Fill with Color' tool. But in the second drawing he is getting problem. Now, Write the reason and solution of this problem. Solution : .................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... Smart Page Computer Science Book-4 103

a. Rahul is getting the first figure when he draws but he needs the second figure. How should he solve his problem? Solution: ............................. ............................................... ............................................... ............................................... ............................................... ............................................... ............................................... ............................................... ............................................... ............................................... .............................................. b . Mohomad Molla is getting the first figure when he draws but he needs the second figure. How should he solve his problem? Solution: ............................. ............................................... ............................................... ............................................... ............................................... ............................................... ............................................... ............................................... ............................................... ............................................... Page ............................................... 104 Painting & Drawing

c. Rashmi Begam is getting the first situation as shown in figure when she moves the hexagon image but she needs the second situation as shown in figure. How should she solve her problem? Solution: .................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... d. Mohamad Ansari is getting the first figure when he rubs tail of the figure but he needs as the second figure. How should he solve this problem? Solution: .................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... Smart Page Computer Science Book-4 105

Lab Activities 5.19 1. Develop the technique and create following objects with the reference video: a. b. c. d. e. f. Page Painting & Drawing 106

CHAPTER 6 MS-Word LEARN and ACT Laptu : Hi Lakpa, It seems, very interesting! What are you typing ? Lakpa : I am making a document in MS- Word for the story telling competition. In the MS-Word, We can type text, insert image, save, edit, format text and many more. Laptu : Wow! I am also interested to learn how to make a document in the MS-Word. Lakpa : Okay, no problem! Follow me for the basic knowledge to create a document in Ms-Word. Introduction Microsoft Word is the most popular word processing software developed by Microsoft Company of USA. It is a useful tool to create varieties of professional documents. The document can include texts, pictures, graphics, tables, Clip Arts, border and shadings, etc. These documents can be created, saved, edited and printed as needed. Smart Page Computer Science Book-4 107

Features of MS-Word Some of the major features of MS-Word: 1. You can edit document. 2. We can count number of words in the document. 3. You can set margins top, bottom, left, right as well as set orientation of paper and paper size to print. 4. You can correct spelling mistakes. 5. You can format document with character and paragraph formatting features. 6. You can create order, un-order and multiple list. 6. You can save and open document. 7. You can insert drawing, picture, word Art, Clip Art, etc 8. You can create and format . 9. You can print a part or whole document. There are many word processing software packages available. Some of these are, MS-Word, Word Pad, Wordstar, Word perfect, Google Docs, AbiWord, etc. Here we learn about MS-Word. Starting MS-Word to start MS-Word, do the following: Step-1 : Type Word in search box. Step-2 : You get Word App. Click it. Step-3 : Now, you get first screen of MS-Word. Step-4 : Click the Blank Document. Step-5 : Now, Your Microsoft Word screen appears as given in next page. Page MS-Word 108

Basic Components of MS-Word 4 5 The basic components of the MS-Word are: 1 23 15 8 67 13 10 11 12 9 16 17 14 18 1. Quick Access Bar 2. Title Bar 3. Menu Tab 4. Ribbon 5. Control Buttons 6. Tab Selector 7. Horizontal Ruler 8. Vertical Scroll bar 9. Vertical Ruler 10. Status Bar 11. View Button 12. Zoom Tools 13. Document Area 14. Horizontal Scroll bar 15. Up Scroll button 16. Down Scroll Button 17. Left Scroll Button 18. Right Scroll Button Smart Page Computer Science Book-4 109

Creating a New Document Document is a collection of information within the pages that includes text, graphics, images, etc. To create a new document do the following steps: Steps to Follow: Step-1 : Click the 'File' file tab. Step-2 : Click the 'New'. Step-3 : Select 'Blank Document'. Step-4 : Now, you get new document where simply you can type your text. Fast Access You can also click on New Document icon from Quick Access Tool bar or press Ctrl+N to create a new document Saving a Document Save is the process to store the document permanently into hard drive of your computer for the future use. When your document is saved then you can open, use and change it. To save your document, follow the following steps: Steps to Follow: Step-1 : Click the 'File' menu tab. Step-2 : Click the 'Save' option. Step-3 : Click the 'Browse' button. Step-4 : Find the disk drive and folder where your file will be saved. Page MS-Word 110

Step-5 : Type the file name Step-6 : Click the 'Save' button. Fast Access You can also click the Save icon from Quick Access Toolbar or press Ctrl+S to save a new document Tricks & TIPS • MS-Word automatically adds .docx extension to the file name. • When you save first time, the Save As dialog box appears. The next time onward, it doesn't display the dialog box, just it saves the document in the same name. • The Save As option always displays dialog box which is used to save document in new name. Lab Activity 6.1 1. Create a new document in MS-Word, type the following two paragraphs and save the document with the file name 'Fruit Farm'. Fruit farm Nepal info: Fruit farming in Nepal started since immemorial times for their own use only but popularity of commercial fruit farming in Nepal has been increasing rapidly. Fruit farming is the ideal business to improve the economic condition and life standard of rural communities of Nepal. We grow varieties of organic fruits utilizing natural fruit farming techniques. Let’s visit farms where organic fruits are grown and to know the organic fruits' health benefits. Fruit farm produces different organic fruits like strawberry, pear, orange, peach, avocado, guava, grape, pineapple , lemon, apple, litchi, mango, walnut, plum, etc. Hygienic fruits are better for health. Smart Page Computer Science Book-4 111

Close a document After completing a task in your document that is open on the screen until you close it. If you try to close the document without saving, it displays an alert message to save your document. To close a document, follow the following steps: Steps to Follow: Step-1 : Click the 'File' tab menu. Step-2 : Click the 'Close' option. To open a document To open a saved document from the hard drive, follow the following steps: Steps to Follow: Step-1 : Click the 'File' menu tab. Step-2 : Click the 'Open' option. You get the 'Open' dialog box. Step-3 : Click the 'Browse' button, find your disk and folder where your file has been saved. Step-4 : Select your file. Step-5 : Click on 'Open' button. Step-6 : Now, you notice that your file is opened. Fast Access You can also click the Open icon from Quick Access Tool bar or press Ctrl+O or select a saved document from most recently saved list. Page MS-Word 112

Exiting MS-Word You have to exit from the MS-Word after completing the task. If you try to exit without saving the document, MS-Word will ask you to save the document. To exit from MS-Word, do the following: Steps to Follow: Step-1 : Click the 'Close' button. Step-3 : If the document is not saved, it display the message to save. Step-4 : Click 'Save' to save and exit, otherwise, Click 'Don't Save' . Tricks & TIPS Press Ctrl+W to close a new document. FORMATTING DOCUMENT Formatting refers to the arrangement of your text. You can arrange the text using formatting features of MS-Word such as font face, styles, color, size, alignment, bullet and numbering, indenting text, etc. To arrange and change the appearance of text,there are two types of text formatting: 1. Character Formatting 2. Paragraph formatting. Character Formatting Character formatting refers to change the appearance of the individual letters or selected range of text that comes within the paragraph. Character formatting consists of text properties: Bold, Italic, Underline, Font, Font Size, Font Color, etc. You can find these proprieties within the 'Font' group of 'Home' tab in the Ribbon. To use Smart Page Computer Science Book-4 113

the character formatting, follow the following steps: Steps to Follow: Step-1 : Type text. Step-2 : Select text or highlight text. Step-3 : Find the 'Font' group of 'Home' tab and click the formatting option as you like such as Bold, Italic, Underline, Font, Font Size, etc. Lab Activity 6.2 1. Open the already saved document 'Fruit Farm' from previous Lab Activities class and format as given: Fruit Farm Nepal Info: Fruit farming in Nepal started since immemorial times for their own use only but popularity of commercial fruit farming in Nepal increasing rapidly. Fruit farming is the ideal business to improve the economic condition and life standard of rural communities of Nepal. We grow varieties of organic fruits utilizing natural fruit farming techniques. Let’s visit farms where organic fruits are grown and to know the organic fruit health benefits. Fruit farm produce different organic fruit like strawberry, pear, orange, peach, avocado, guava, grape, pineapple , lemon, apple, litchi, mango, walnut, plum, etc. , hygienic fruits are better for health. Page MS-Word 114

Test your Knowledge a. What do you mean by 'change appearance of text'? Ans: ................................................................................................................. .......................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................... b. What does formatting include? Ans: ................................................................................................................. .......................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................... c. What does character formatting include? Ans: ................................................................................................................. .......................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................... d. Where do you get character formatting options? Ans: ................................................................................................................. .......................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................... e. When do you exit from MS-Word? Ans: ................................................................................................................. .......................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................... Smart Page Computer Science Book-4 115

f. What happens when you exit without saving document? Ans: ................................................................................................................. .......................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................... g. When do you use Open Command? Ans: ................................................................................................................. .......................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................... h. What happens when you close document without saving document? Ans: ................................................................................................................. .......................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................... i. Why do you save your document? Ans: .................................................................................................................. .......................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................... j. When do you create new document? Ans: ................................................................................................................. .......................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................... Page MS-Word 116

k. When do you use Save As Command ? Ans: ................................................................................................................. .......................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................... l. When do you use Save Command ? Ans: ................................................................................................................. .......................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................... m. How do you save your document ? Ans: .................................................................................................................. .......................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................... Smart Page Computer Science Book-4 117

Points to Know • Microsoft Word is the most popular word processing software developed by Microsoft Company USA. • Word Processing is a useful tool to create varieties of professional documents. • The document includes text, picture, graphics, table, ClipArt, borders and shadings, list, etc. • Save is the process to store the document permanently into hard drive of your computer for the future use. • Formatting refers to the arrangement of your text. You can arrange the text using formatting features of MS-Word such as font face, styles, color, size,alignment, bullet and numbering, indenting text, etc. • Character formatting controls the appearance of the individual letters or selected range of text that comes within the paragraph. Terms to Know Bullet : Series of important items for discussion or action in a document, usually marked by a square or round symbol Indent : Blank spaces used to separate a paragraph from the left or right margins ClipArt : Graphics art pictures and symbols made available for computer users to add to their documents Hard Drive : Hard disk drive used to store document for future use Software : Computer program Command : Order for the computer Word Processing : Typing, editing, arranging and formatting the text Package : Multiple software programs that works together Page MS-Word 118

Worksheet font document Objective Questions 1. Fill in the blanks with correct word ctrl+w .docx arrangement close save character a. Formatting refers to ................................... of your text. b. .............................. formatting controls change the appearance of the individual items or selected range of text. c. ......................... includes text, graphics, table image, etc. d. Character formatting options are available at ............................ group of Home tab. e. ........................ button is to be pressed to exit from MS-Word. f. . ........................ keys is to be pressed to close document. g. .......................... is the process to store the document permanently into hard drive. h. MS- Word automatically adds ..................... extension to the filename. 2. Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements: Page a. You can not print part of the document. b. MS-Word allows to count number of words. 119 Smart Computer Science Book-4

c. Google Docs is a word processing software d. Once document is created you can not edit e. Save alert message is displayed, if you try to close or exiting document in Ms-Word after saving the document. f. Color change is a kind of formatting feature of MS-Word. g. Character formatting affects the whole paragraph of the docu- ment h. You can open document from the list of most recently used doc- ument list. i. Closing document is the process of existing from MS-Word. j. Bold, underline and italic are the character formatting features of the MS-Word. 3. Match the followings: Group A Group B a. Ctrl+O Save document b Ctrl+B Create new document c. Ctrl+W Open document d. Ctrl+N Bold e. Ctrl+S Closing document Page MS-Word 120

4. Write the name and use of following icons: Descriptive Questions 1. Answer the following questions: a. What is word processing? Ans: ............................................................................................................................ ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... b. What do you mean by document? Ans: ............................................................................................................................ ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... Smart Page Computer Science Book-4 121

..................................................................................................................................... c. What do you mean by formatting? Ans: ............................................................................................................................ ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... d. What is meant by opening document? Ans: ............................................................................................................................ ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... e. When do you close document? Ans: ............................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ f. What do you mean by saving document? Ans: ............................................................................................................................ ..................................................................................................................................... Page MS-Word 122

..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... g. Differentiate between Save and Save As command. Ans: ............................................................................................................................ ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... h. When do you use character formatting technique? Ans: ............................................................................................................................ ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... i. What happens when you save your document first time? Ans: ............................................................................................................................ ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... Smart Page Computer Science Book-4 123

Case Study 1. The Social studies teacher has asked to type the name of ten major cities of our country and format using character formatting features of MS-Word. Now, note down your plan to solve this problem. Solution : .................................................................................................................. .......................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................... 2. Asmita and Aslam want to type their name, parents' name and contact number then save the document in 'Contact detail'. After saving and closing the MS-Word, they want to add one more detail 'Residential Address' Page MS-Word 124

after the parent's name, the class teacher asked them to add respective details of whole students of their class. Now, to solve this problem, make your plan. Solution : ................................................ ................................................................ ................................................................. ............................................................... ................................................................. ............................................................... ................................................................. ............................................................... ................................................................. ................................................................ ................................................................. ................................................................ ................................................................. ................................................................ ................................................................. ................................................................ ................................................................. ................................................................ ................................................................. ................................................................ ................................................................. ................................................................ ................................................................. ................................................................ ................................................................. ................................................................ ................................................................. ................................................................ ................................................................. ................................................................ ................................................................. ................................................................ ................................................................. ................................................................ ................................................................. ................................................................ ................................................................. ................................................................ ................................................................. ................................................................ ................................................................. ............................................................... Smart Page Computer Science Book-4 125

3. Your school has invited you to participate in the inter school essay competition. They have asked you to submit 500 to 1000 words essay in typed version on the given topic for the selection process. Now, how do you prepare this document in MS-Word? Topics: a. Save the Environment b. Eliminate the child Labour Solution : ............................................. ................................................................... .............................................................. ................................................................... .............................................................. ................................................................... .............................................................. ................................................................... .............................................................. ................................................................... .............................................................. ................................................................... .............................................................. ................................................................... .............................................................. ................................................................... .............................................................. ................................................................... .............................................................. ................................................................... .............................................................. ................................................................... ............................................................. ................................................................... ............................................................. ................................................................... .............................................................. ................................................................... .............................................................. ................................................................... .............................................................. ................................................................... Page MS-Word 126

Lab Activity 6.3 1. Ramakanta Chaudhary has to type his name and format as given below, you also follow Ramakanta: a. Font face : Arial d. Underline b. Text bold e. Italic c. Font size : 20 f. Color red Your work output looks like as given Ramakanta Chaudhary 2. Type the following information and format as given: Fruits For Health Fruits are very important for our health. They give us energy and immunity power, as well as help us to grow up in proper way. We must eat fruits regularly. We get the different types of fruits as per the season in the market. It is better to take fruits as season. But some fruits are harvested in all seasons naturally, banana is such type of fruits. Some of the list of fruits are listed below with their harvesting season. Name of Fruits: Season 1. Apple (Ashad-Asoj) 2. Orange Winter 3. Banana Throughout the year 4. Mango Summer 5. Litchi Summer For a healthy life, take fruits regularly in proper amount. If you take more than the necessary, it may cause negative effect for you. Smart Page Computer Science Book-4 127

Lab Activity 6.4 1. Type two paragraphs in MS-Word about your School and apply the following formatting attributes: a. Heading b. Paragraph c. Bottom of document • Font face: Arial • Font : Calibri • Font : Arial • Font Size: 20 • Font Size: 14 • Font Size: 13 • Color : Red. • Color : black • Color : Red and black • Text face : Bold • Text face : normal • Text face : Bold first two line normal • Underline 2. Type the following story and format as shown: Cat and Mice There was a cat. It killed many mice every day and ate them. The mice were worried that soon they would all be killed. They were living in fear. So they all met to find a way to escape from the cat. They dis- cussed many ideas but none were good enough. Then a young mouse got up and suggested that they should tie a bell around the cat's neck. This would help them know where the cat is because the bell would ring every time it moves. The mice thought it was a very good idea. But an old mouse asked who was going to bell the cat. It is easy to say but difficult to do. By : Sitasma Bista Class : 4 Shree Janta Kalika Secondary School, Shorung Chhabise, Katari-10, Udayapur. Page MS-Word 128

Lab Activity 6.5 1. Type the following paragraphs, give a suitable heading and format as you like to show attractive. Finally, color all the text with blue color. Tom and Jerry is a famous cartoon. It is popular in many coun- tries. Tom is a cat and Jerry is a mouse. The mouse is very intelligent and gives the cat a difficult time. Tom always tries to catch Jerry but he fails. Tom sometimes succeeds in catching Jerry. Tom sometimes beats Jerry, usually when Jerry becomes a great troublemaker. 2. Type the following paragraph, give an appropriate heading, and format as you like to look attractive. Finally, color all the text with red color and make them italic Yesterday Mohan was at the bus stop. He was waiting for a bus that goes to Gaighat from Biratnagar. He was standing near some people. Soon a girl came there with her dog. She asked him, \"Are you waiting for the bus? \" He smiled and shook his head. The dog stared at him. Just then a big elephant came along the road. The dog got scared and ran way. 3. Type the following sentences and format as given: The dog jumped over a wall. Cat jumped into a garden. The puppy ran out of the garden through the gate. The Lamb is running between the trees. Lion ran under the bridge. Duckling ran towards the pond. Rat is inside Mohan's bedroom. Smart Page Computer Science Book-4 129

CHAPTER 7 Scratch Coding LEARN and ACT Laptu : Hi Lakpa! It seems to be a very good drawing. Are you painting in MS-Paint? Lakpa : No! No! It's a programming technique. I'm coding a program in SCRATCH . Laptu : Wow! It looks very interesting, Lakpa. What can we do in scratch? Lakpa : We can create our own interactive stories, games, and animations. Laptu : Wow! It's very interesting. Can you teach me? Lakpa : Oky, no problem at all. Let's follow me to learn more. Introduction Scratch is a high-level block-based visual programming language. It was designed by MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) Media Lab in US. In Scratch, you use the mouse to drag and drop code blocks, so little typing is needed. We can create programs by snapping together code blocks in the scratch editor. So, it is called block based programming language. Specially, it is designed to create our own interactive stories, games, and animations. It helps us to develop our logical, decision and reasoning power. Page Scratch Coding 130

RUNNING SCRATCH Scratch is a browser based free access program. So, if you have internet connection, you can use as a online free tool. To startup the Scratch online, follow the following steps step-1 : open your web browser and go to https://scratch.mit. edu/. You will get online scratch interface as given. Signing up for an account is free. You can create Scratch programs without an account, but having the Scratch account lets you save your programs online. Then you can continue working on them later from any device connected to the internet. Stpe 2 : To create a scratch program, without user account, click the 'Create' link. Step-3 : Click the 'Join Scratch' link to create an account. A new window opens: Smart Page Computer Science Book-4 131

Step-3 : Choose a 'username and password' and enter your account information. User name and password are your private information. Keep your private information safe; don’t use your real name and never share your password except with parents or teachers. Step-4 : After you’ve logged in to the Scratch website, click the 'Create' link at the top of the page to start the Scratch editor. SCRATCH DESKTOP: THE OFFLINE EDITOR If you don’t have internet access or if your Wi-Fi is unreliable, you can install the offline editor on our computer instead of using the Scratch website. The only difference is that programs will be saved on your computer instead of on the Scratch website. You can later upload your Scratch programs or copy them to a USB flash drive to move them to another computer. Page Scratch Coding 132

The Scratch offline editor is available at https://scratch.mit.edu/ download/. THE SCRATCH EDITOR The Scratch editor is where you snap code blocks together to create your game, animation, or artwork. The Create link at the top of the page opens the editor as shown in the following figure, so you can start making Scratch programs: Sprite Sprite is an object in Scratch that performs functions controlled by scripts. When you first open Scratch, you’ll see the 'Scratch Cat' on your stage by default sprite. This is the default sprite. There are a lot of sprites to choose in Scratch, and we can even make our own! We can easily delete the cat sprite by clicking on 'Garbage' icon. Smart Page Computer Science Book-4 133

Backdrop : The background of the stage in Scratch. We can set multiple backdrops in one project. Stage: The stage is basically the background of your project. Like sprites, the stage can have different costumes that change as the story plays out. The stage window is the main area where the action of our sprite takes place. Green Flag and Stop sign : Click on the green flag to start the project and on the red flag to end the project. Code Area: a coding area is used to place and arrange the blocks into scripts that can be run by pressing the green flag or clicking on the code itself. Sprite List : The sprite list gives the thumbnails of all the sprites in the current Scratch project. Block Palette : Blocks are used to create code in Scratch. They fit together like puzzle pieces. When put together, they create scripts, which make a project work. Start to New Scratch Project To statrt new project do the following: Step-1 : Click on the File menu. Step-2 : Choose the New option. A new project opens up. Save the Scratch Project Step-1 : Click on the File menu. Page Scratch Coding 134

Step-2 : Choose the 'Save to your computer' option. The Save Project dialog box appears. Step-3 : Select the folder in which you want to save the project. Step-4 : Specify the file name. Step 5 : Click on the Save button. BACKDROP A backdrop is an image that can be shown on the stage behind the sprite. It is also called the background of the stage. It can be named, edited, created, and deleted. There is one blank backdrop by default. We can add multiple backdrops. Set the Backdrop To set the backdrop, do the following: Steps to Follow: Step-1 : Click on backdrop icon 'Choose a Backdrop'.You will get backdrop library. Step-2 : Choose the desired backdrop image. Smart Page Computer Science Book-4 135

Customize the Backdrop To customize the Backdrop, do the following: Step-1 : Select the Backdrop library. It activates the 'Backdrops' tab on the ribbon. Step-2 : Select the 'Backdrops' tab. You get the Backdrop Window as given. Step-3 : Using this window, Backdrop can be named, edited, created, deleted, painted, uploaded and set new as we like. Page Scratch Coding 136

Lab Activity-1 1. Set the backdrop and position the sprite as given below: a. b. Smart Page Computer Science Book-4 137

Set the New Sprite To set the new sprite, do the following: Steps to Follow: Step-1 : Click on sprite icon. You will get sprite library. Step-2 : Choose the desired sprite image. Lab Activity-2 1. Insert and position the new sprite as given below: Page Scratch Coding 138

Delete Sprite Every ‘New Project’ on Scratch will begin with the 'Cat' Sprite. To delete a sprite, do the following: Steps to Follow: Step-1 : Select the sprite in sprite pane that you want to delete. You will get 'Garbage' icon after the sprite. Step-2 : Click the 'Garbage' icon to delete. or Right Mouse click on the Sprite and click the 'Delete' option. Now, you will notice that selected sprite is deleted. Lab Activity-3 1. Delete all these sprites and set new as you like. Smart Page Computer Science Book-4 139

Placing the Sprite within the stage After choosing the sprite, some times it is necessary to place the sprite in proper place in the stage so that your sprite starts to take action from the right place. To perform this task, follow the following steps. Steps to Follow: Step-1 : Click the spirit from the stage and drag the mouse in the right place, the release the mouse button. Lab Activity-4 1. Insert and position the sprites as given below: a. b. Page Scratch Coding 140

Set the Size of Sprite Scratch allows us to increase and decrease the size of the sprite. To set the size of sprite, follow the following steps: Steps to Follow: Step-1 : Go to the sprite pane and set the value for the desired size. Its default size is 100. Here, size of 'Beetle' is set 200. Lab Activity-5 1. Set the size for the each sprite so that it should display as given: Smart Page Computer Science Book-4 141

Set the direction of Sprite Scratch allows us to set the direction of the sprite in degree, left and right. The default direction of sprite is 90 degree right. To set the direction of sprite, follow the following steps: Steps to Follow: Step-1 : Go to the sprite pane and select the desired sprite to set the direction. Step-2 : Click the 'Direction' option. You get the round like clock as shown in the picture. Step-3 : Select the direction button either 'All round' or 'Left/ Right'. Step-4 : Now, set the desired direction value. or Click the 'Arrow' of the clock and drag in desired position. Page Scratch Coding 142

Lab Activity-6 1. Insert and Positioned the following sprites using rotating and placing techniques: Smart Page Computer Science Book-4 143

Show and hide sprite Scratch allows us to show and hide the sprite. To set the show and hide feature, follow the following steps: Steps to Follow: Step-1 : Go to the sprite pane and select the desired sprite. Step-2 : Click the 'Off' button to hide the sprite, click the 'Show' button to show the sprite. Here, 'Crab' and the 'Off' button are selected. Lab Activity-7 1. Practice show and hide feature with the following sprites: Page Scratch Coding 144

SPRITE COSTUME A costume is one out of possibly many “frames” or alternate appearances of a sprite. Sprites can change their look to any of its costumes. They can be named, edited, created, and deleted, but every sprite must have at least one costume. Add the Costumes To add more costumes, do the following: Step-1 : Go to the 'Costumes' tab. You get the costumes window as given. Step-2 : You can get list of inbuilt costumes' thumbnails. Here, two in built costumes are available. Step-3 : Now, to add more costumes, go to the 'Choose a Costume' icon in the bottom of the screen. You can choose Smart Page Computer Science Book-4 145