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Contents UNIT Reading Vocabulary Grammar multiple choice • words related to • present simple, present continuous 1 • finding the answer in communication and feelings • present perfect simple, present the text before you read • collocations & expressions, perfect continuous Communication the options commonly confused words, word formation • past simple, past continuous; past pages 5-16 missing sentences • words related to appearance simple vs present perfect simple • using any questions and feelings • used to, would, be/get used to 2 before gaps in the text to • collocations & expressions, help you phrasal verbs, word formation The Way We Are pages 17-28 Progress Review 1 pages 29-30 3 multiple choice • words related to the • past perfect simple, past perfect • using key words to help environment and natural events continuous The World Around Us you find the answer • word formation, collocations & • past perfect tenses and past simple expressions, prepositions • future simple, shall, be going to, pages 31-42 • words related to education and future continuous, future perfect studying simple, future perfect continuous, 4 multiple choice • collocations & expressions, • temporals, question tags • understanding the phrasal verbs, commonly Lessons for Life purpose or the main idea confused words of each paragraph in the pages 43-54 text Progress Review 2 pages 55-56 5 multiple matching • words related to money and • modals: ability, permission, • identifying key lifestyle requests, offers & suggestions Money, Money, words and underlining • collocations & expressions, • modals: obligation, necessity, justification so you can word formation, prepositions prohibition, possibility, deduction, Money! check your answers • words related to jobs and work advice & criticism • word formation, phrasal verbs, • the passive: tenses, gerunds, pages 57-68 commonly confused words infinitives & modals • the passive: impersonal and 6 missing sentences personal structures, let, allow & make • using linking words The World of Work to help you place the sentences correctly pages 69-80 Progress Review 3 pages 81-82 7 multiple choice • words related to crime • conditionals: zero, first, second & • dealing with four related • collocations & expressions, third Law & Order texts prepositions, commonly confused • mixed conditionals, conditionals words without if pages 83-94 • words related to looking after • gerunds & infinitives yourself • causative forms 8 multiple choice • prepositions, word formation, • being careful with words collocations & expressions Looking After Yourself in the options that appear in the text pages 95-106 Progress Review 4 pages 107-108 9 multiple choice • words related to problems • relative clauses • identifying which answer • collocations & expressions, • participle clauses That’s Life! option paraphrases the prepositions, commonly confused • reported speech: statements, text words questions, commands & requests pages 109-120 • words related to travel and • reported speech: reporting verbs transport 10 multiple matching • phrasal verbs, prepositions, • looking for examples of word formation Travel & Transport general ideas pages 121-132 Progress Review 5 pages 133-134 11 missing sentences • words related to food and • comparison of adjectives & adverbs • using linking words to restaurants • too/enough, so/such A Bite to Eat help you identify where • word formation, phrasal verbs, • determiners & quantifiers the missing sentences go commonly confused words • special structures: I wish/if only, pages 135-146 • words related to entertainment not only ..., but also, it’s (about/high) and the arts time 12 multiple matching • commonly confused words, • summarising each prepositions, collocations & Entertainment paragraph so you can expressions locate information more & The Arts quickly pages 147-158 Progress Review 6 pages 159-160 Grammar Reference pages 161-177 Irregular Verbs pages 178-179 Writing Bank pages 180-186 Speaking Bank page 187 Speaking Information pages 188-1912

Listening Speaking Writingnote taking discussion and decision making essay• identifying and understanding • talking about communication • using the task as a guideparaphrasing • asking someone to repeat or confirm what • using topic sentences and supporting they said, or to explain what they mean them with examplesmultiple choice choosing the best solution email• identifying and eliminating • talking about how you treat others and how • making notes and planning 1options you know are wrong they treat you • thinking of positive and negative aspects • speaking in favour or against something and adding justificationmultiple choice comparing photos story• making sure you understand • talking about the effect we have on the • describing actionwhat the options actually say world around us • using past tenses and time wordsmultiple matching • talking about similarities and differences correctly• identifying differences in what discussion and decision making essaythe speakers are saying • talking about school, education and • writing your opening paragraph technology • using examples to explain your point in • expressing reservations more detailmultiple choice choosing the best solution article(pictures) • talking about money • using your notes• listening with an open mind • comparing options • using questions to attract your reader’sand waiting for the question comparing photos interest and including yourself in abefore answering • talking about work description to make it more interestingmultiple choice • using expressions to mark the different letter• identifying the focus of the stages of your speech • giving your opinionquestion and using non-verbal • using a broad range of vocabularyclues to help you reportmultiple matching discussion and decision making • your reason for writing• being careful of distractors • talking about crime and the law • using linking words and conditionalnote taking • interrupting politely and encouraging sentences to join your ideas• predicting what you will hear someone to speak essayand completing the sentences comparing photos • creating a good impression • talking about healthy lifestyles • using a gerund to emphasise activities • giving and justifying your opinion rather than the people doing themmultiple choice discussion and decision making article• staying focused while you are • talking about problems • making notes and planning 2listening • responding or adding to a comment and • identifying which kind of plan suits themultiple choice making an alternative suggestion writing task• eliminating options you know choosing the best option essayare wrong to help you identify • talking about travel and transport • giving a relevant opinionthe correct answer • evaluating options • using the opposing viewpoint to strengthen your own opinionmultiple choice comparing photos(pictures) • talking about food and cooking letter• taking notes while you listen • speculating about the photos • using formal languagemultiple choice • gaining time to think • using too, enough and so to complain• using the time before the discussion and decision making reviewrecording starts • talking about the arts • explaining and describing • managing the discussion • using gradable and non-gradable • coming to a conclusion adjectives 3

1 Communication1 Work with a partner and guess which country the following behaviour is common in. Australia Bahrain China Ghana Greece Sweden 1 They speak indirectly and sometimes what they mean is the opposite of what they say. 2 People may avoid saying ‘no’ to others because it is very important to avoid any sort of confrontation. 3 They hate arrogance and are usually modest about their achievements. 4 They tend to speak loudly and with a lot of emotion, which makes them seem annoyed even when they aren’t. 5 Periods of silence are common in conversation and it is best not to try and fill in the gaps. 6 The compliment ‘You look fat today’ is common and is considered a positive remark. 2 T hink of types of behaviour that are common in your country. Discuss them with your partner. Use the ideas below or your own. Hospitality and how guests are treated Topics of conversation to avoid Ways of greeting friends and strangers DVD 1 Watch this short video about cultures and customs. Which custom had the children notseen before? What does the custom show? 5

Reading1 W ork with a partner. Choose an emotion below and make a facial expression that shows it. Your partner must guess the emotion you are expressing. • anger • awe • confidence • disgust • embarrassment • fear • joy • sadness • surprise • sympathy 2 L ook at the three smiling faces below. Do you think the smiles are genuine or fake? How can you tell?3 Q uickly read the text. Which means of communication are mentioned?What’s in a smile? Smile. We all do it; some of us more than others. if they were to focus only on the face, they would We flash a smile to break the ice or melt a heart. probably know whether a smile was genuine We use smiles to open doors or make someone’s or not. day. You can feel like a million dollars when someone gives you a sweet smile. But beware! This is because two muscles are involved in The wrong kind of smile can create suspicion, fear spontaneous smiling. The first muscle, the or anger. obicularis oculi, is a ringlike band of muscle around each eye. When it contracts, it causes According to a well-known team of researchers, wrinkles at the outer corners of the eyes. It causes there are three kinds of smiles: felt, false and what we know as ‘smiling eyes.’ The other muscle, miserable. Felt smiles express genuine emotion the zygomaticus major, extends from the top of the and are spontaneous; false smiles are fake and are cheekbone to the corners of the mouth. It moves attempts to display positive emotion when it isn’t the mouth upwards when we smile. This muscle actually felt; and miserable smiles show someone on its own produces what we call the ‘mouth is feeling down in the dumps but isn’t planning on smile.’ The mouth smile can occur with other doing much about it. facial muscle contractions at the same time and when it does, it can show negative emotions. For So what do these smiles look like and how can we example, a smiling mouth may be accompanied differentiate them? In experiments where subjects by eyebrows showing anger, eyes showing fear or are shown photos of fake and spontaneous smiles, a nose showing disgust. When people genuinely people are pretty good at telling the difference. smile, in a spontaneous burst of positive emotion, But in the real world, most people are less able to the corners of the mouth move up and the muscles distinguish between them. They are distracted by around the eyes also contract. It is these muscles other elements of communication such as speech, that show a smile is sincere. hand gestures and other body movements. However,6

4 Read the article again and choose the best answer A, B, C or D. 1 What is the purpose of the first paragraph? A to advise people when to smile B to warn against angering others Try to answer multiple-choice questions by C to show how to become popular looking only at the question and going back D to explain the functions of a smile immediately to the text to find out what it says about the question. When you have decided what 2 What is suggested about the three smiles the text says, you can look at the answer options identified by the researchers? to discover which one fits what you have already A They can be successfully faked. decided is the answer. B They are appropriately named. C They show a person is happy. D They can’t be identified. 5 Which statement about Asian views on smiling 3 What did the experimental studies show about is true? smiles? A They would be too embarrassed to smile A They are as important as body language in communicating. a lot. B Smiling allows others to see exactly how B W e can recognise a fake smile more often than a real one. they feel. C They should not smile under certain C Certain situations make it more difficult to detect a fake smile. circumstances. D Smiling makes them feel positive when they D Spontaneous smiles can distract us from people’s speech. are sad. 4 What does the fourth paragraph suggest about 6 What does the writer mean by ‘cultural norms’? smiles and smiling? A a range of emotions B expected social behaviour A A smile isn’t always what it appears to be. C types of relationships B People who are genuine smile a lot more. D complicated issues C A mouth smile always shows sincerity. D When the mouth moves up, we are happy. 5 T he words in bold are in the wrong places. Write them in the correct places.To add to the complexity, there are also 1 A good way to melt the ice with strangersthe cultural associations of smiling since at a party is to tell a joke. smiles can mean very different thingsin different countries. In the USA, for 2 Put on this designer outfit. You willexample, a smile is a friendly, positive flash like a million dollars. gesture of trust. In contrast, in someAsian societies, people smile when they 3 I know someone who can break doorsare happy, of course, but also when for me in the music industry. they feel anger, sadness, confusion orembarrassment, perhaps to mask their true 4 Everybody move in closer together forfeelings. To their way of thinking, smiling the photo and make a smile! is a superficial act and is inappropriate insituations where a person wants to show 5 If you buy Tammy a bunch of flowers,they take the situation seriously. you will definitely feel her day. 6 Pictures of cute little kittens and puppies really open my heart! 6 Look at the picture. What is happening?Cultural norms aside, some people tend to ? ? He’s unfriendly. Not so close!smile more than others and that seems toindicate they are cheerful, optimistic types. Oh no!But that relationship isn’t strictly true. Some I’m next!people rarely smile and are quite happy.Others often have a smile on their face whenthey are actually feeling anxious.Human communication is full of uncertaintiesand we sometimes have a difficult timeunderstanding each other, but a genuine,heartfelt smile that lights up a face can neverbe misunderstood. UNIT 1 7

a-z Vocabulary 1 1 C omplete the words that show how someone is feeling. Write a letter on each line. 1 I always l gh when I hear a good joke. 2 Don’t c , Maggie! Everything will be all right. 3 If I ever saw a ghost, I’d sc a! 4 Don’t sh t at me, Dad. I know what I did was wrong. 5 I heard my teacher s gh with disappointment when I told her I hadn’t done my homework ... again. 6 If you must talk in the library, please wh p so that you don’t disturb others. 7 Children often g um e when their parents ask them to do household chores. 8 Some of my classmates g ss about me, but I don’t care because no one ever believes what they say. 2 Complete the definitions with these words. delighted embarrassed grumpy hurt lonely optimistic pessimistic sarcastic 1 When someone is , they tend to think that bad things will happen. 2 When someone is , they feel ashamed and worry about what others will think of them. 3 When someone is , they are unhappy and a bit angry, often for no apparent reason. 4 When someone is , they are upset and feel emotional pain. 5 When someone is , they are very happy. 6 When someone is , they feel sad because they have no one to talk to or to do things with. 7 When someone is , they tend to think that good things will happen. 8 When someone is , they say the opposite of what they mean, or say things to make someone else feel silly. 3 The words in bold are in the wrong places. Write them in the correct places. 1 After our visit, I sent my aunt flowers to thank her for her confrontation. 3 M y father taught me to avoid hospitality; he thought calm discussion was always best. 2 Fran never boasts about getting a place at Oxford University; she is modest about her compliment. 4 Thousands of fans were at the airport to greet the Queen on her feelings. 5 Ifelt like a million dollars when Tony paid me a(n) achievement on my new outfit! 6 You really hurt my arrival when you said that I wasn’t a real friend. 8

Grammar 1 Present simple & present continuous1 Read about the uses of the present simple and the present continuous. Present simple Present continuous • facts and permanent situations • actions happening at the time of speaking Do you live in China with your family? Sam is trying to make his girlfriend laugh. • general truths and natural laws • temporary situations or changing situations Certain muscles produce a smile. I am staying with friends for the time • habits and routines (often with adverbs of frequency) being. My uncle sometimes tells us jokes after dinner. Jane is becoming more and more • timetables and programmes (future) pessimistic. The lecture on communication starts at two o’clock. • a nnoying habits, often with adverbs like • reviews, stories and sports commentaries always The grumpy old man shouts at the little girl and she My friend is always hurting my feelings.begins to cry. • plans and arrangements (future) • feelings and states We aren’t going to the airport to greet Joe Tina doesn’t like talking to strangers. on his arrival.Note: Remember that we do not use stative verbs in continuous tenses.2 Complete the sentences. Use the present simple in one and the present continuous in the other. In which sentence is the adverb of frequency used to express an annoying habit? a My friends (always / laugh) at my jokes. b My friends (always / laugh) at me.Read 1.1-1.3 of the Grammar Reference before you do the tasks.3 Complete the sentences. Use the present simple or the present continuous. 1 (you / ask) your relatives to visit every weekend? 2 Jan hurt Tom’s feelings, so now he (not speak) to her. 3 Her parents (not allow) her to go out on school nights. 4 (ice / melt) at 10 degrees Celsius? 5 We 6 In this story, the evil witch (have) a surprise party on Friday to celebrate Mum’s birthday. 7 Ken and Penny (laugh) at the little boy and girl. 8 (not get) a house together next year. 9 My colleagues (you / know) why people smile in different ways? 10 (always whisper) about me. It’s awful! (your coach / often grumble) when you miss a goal?4 Circle the correct words to complete the text. It’s all about communication 1 Is it seeming / Does it seem like it 2 becomes / is becoming more and more difficult to talk to your parents as you get older? Communicating with your mother and father 3 isn’t being / isn’t always easy, but it is something you 4 need / are needing to do to get along with them and avoid nasty confrontations. It’s a fact that being able to communicate well with your mum and dad 5 has / is having a lot of advantages. Let’s take this example ... your parents 6 are always asking you / are asking you always where you’re going and when you’ll be back. Next time, tell them, for example, that the film 7 is ending / ends at 9 pm and arrive home at exactly 9.30. This will show them that you 8 learn / are learning to be responsible and that they can trust you. This is an advantage because they’ll realise that they 9 aren’t having to / don’t have to worry about you any more and they’ll give you more freedom to do the things that you 10 are wanting / want to do. Good communication will make things easier for everyone. UNIT 1 9

a-z Vocabulary 2 Collocations & Expressions 1 Match. Sometimes more than one answer is possible. 1 cross a your eyes 2 shake b hands 3 shrug c your shoulders 4 nod d your nails 5 bite e your head 6 rub f your arms 2 What do you think the body language in 1 means? Write collocations from 1. 1 I agree with what you are saying. 4 I’m sleepy. 2 I feel uncomfortable or nervous. 5 I’m nervous. 3 I’m making an agreement. 6 I don’t know. Commonly Confused Words 3 Complete the pairs of sentences with the words in bold. 1 express impress a Some people find it very hard to their emotions. b If you want to your new boss, work hard. 2 alone lonely , I call a friend. when I need to think about things. a When I’m feeling sad and b I like being 3 frown smile ; it lights up her whole face. off your face; it makes you look angry. a Julia has got a lovely b Take that 4 amount number a The university has a(n) of courses that deal with means of communication. b The of respect the students had for their new teacher was surprising. 5 beware aware or it may bite you. that body language is as important as verbal language? a That dog is cross, so b Are you Word Formation 4 Which prefix do we use with each adjective below to form its opposite? Use them to complete the table. accompanied appropriate avoidable direct modest personal im- in- un- 1 3 5 2 4 6 5 Now complete the sentences with some of the words from 4. 1 Your rude comments about her were completely . 2 Hans loves talking about his own success; he’s one of the most people I know. 3 The greetings card was cold and ; the sender hadn’t even bothered to sign it! 4 Joe came to the party by himself; he was . 5 You say the mistakes you made were , but I think you could have prevented them. 6 Lyle only made references to his studies; he didn’t tell us exactly what he’s doing.10

Grammar 2 Present perfect simple & present perfect continuous1 Read about the uses of the present perfect simple and the present perfect continuous. Present perfect simple Present perfect continuous • something that started in the past and has • a ctions that started in the past and are continued until now still in progress now or have happened Has she worked here for three months? time and time again until now • s omething that happened in the past, but we don’t Mum and Dad have been taking German know or we don’t say exactly when lessons since May. The businessman has written a number • actions that happened time and time again of reports. in the past and have finished recently, but • s omething that happened in the past, but has a have a result or an effect on the present result or an effect on the present His eyes are red because he’s been Cliff has lost his voice, so he can’t give his speech. rubbing them. • an action that has just finished • to emphasise how long actions have been I have just met my uncle at the airport. in progress • experiences and achievements You’ve been biting your nails for weeks; My sister has started her university studies. what’s the matter? Present perfect simple vs present perfect continuous We use the present perfect simple to focus on the result of a completed action or how many times something has happened. However, we use the present perfect continuous to focus on the action itself or how long something has been happening. It is unimportant whether the action has finished or not. Joseph has spoken to me once. Pat’s been trying to meet him all evening.2 R ead these sentences and underline the verb forms. Which sentence focuses on how long something has been happening? Which tense does it use? Which sentence focuses on how many times something has happened? Which tense does it use? a Aunt Barbara has visited us twice this year. b Debra has been studying for exams all month. Read 1.4-1.6 of the Grammar Reference before you do the tasks.3 Complete the second sentence so it has the same meaning as the first. Use the word in bold together with the present perfect simple or the present perfect continuous. 1 We bought this house in 2008 and now it’s 2014. lived We for six years. 2 Sam went to work at nine o’clock. It’s five o’clock and he’s still there. been Sam all day. 3 Joe is still in university. finished Joe university yet. 4 I arrived at the library three hours ago; perhaps I should leave. have I in the library for three hours; perhaps I should leave. 5 They are in Bahrain. They’ll be back in a week. have They Bahrain. They’ll be back in a week. 6 It’s been a week since Tony called me. for Tony a week. 7 Julia started studying at eight o’clock. has Julia eight o’clock. 8 My sister began dinner preparations two hours ago. preparing My sister for two hours. UNIT 1 1111

Listening 1 M ost of the time we can say the same thing using different words. Tasks which ask you to complete the gap with information from the recording rephrase what the speakers say. You need to be able to make the connection between what you have heard and the way the text is worded in the task. Circle the words that rephrase the expressions in bold. 1 We put a lot of effort into the project. a put pressure on b tried hard with 2 I can handle it. a I want to do it. b I can manage it. 3 It is an indicator of how we feel. a shows b affects 4 She plays a major role in the company. a is important b is an actor 5 His non-verbal communication is not consistent with what he says. a without meaning b without words 2 Now work with a partner. Discuss what the words in bold in these sentences mean. How could the sentences be rephrased? 1 He reassured me that everything was under control. 2 Her answer to my question was an emphatic ‘yes’. 3 I’m not sure that he is aware of the dangers. 4 Hand gestures convey the speaker’s enthusiasm. 5 I keep him at a distance because he can be unkind. 6 She was smiling, but her eyes spoke volumes about what she really felt. 3  You will hear Sandra Nichols, a life skills coach, talk about various types of non-verbal communication. For questions 1-9, complete the Although the gapped sentences with a word or a short phrase. sentences rephrase what the speaker is saying, the 1 Sandra says we may not always know that we are using missing words will probably signals. be exactly as you hear them on the recording. Keep your 2 When someone’s behaviour what they are saying, answers short: use between something may be wrong. one and three words to fill each gap. If you feel you 3 People who don’t look presentable for are unlikely need to write more, check to be professional at work. that you are not including irrelevant information. 4 We don’t look directly at people when we are being . 5 Emphatic gestures can mean ‘Keep away’ or show . 6 Moving away from someone shows that we are not around them. 7 The amount of physical contact we receive as infants affects our development. 8 We reveal a great deal about ourselves through our . 9 In order to fit in with a particular , people must adopt the right style.12

Speaking1 Ask and answer these questions with a partner. • What are the advantages of communicating with people face-to-face? • How important is listening as a part of communicating? Do you think you are a good listener? • Do you think technology makes communication between people easier or more difficult?2 Sometimes when speaking, we don’t hear what the other person has said, or perhaps we are not sure that we have understood. We can ask them politely to repeat what they have said, to confirm that we have understood correctly, or to explain what they mean. Read the dialogues below and use the Language Bank to help you complete what Speaker B says. 1 A: I ’m not sure that this would be the right jacket 3 A: Can you get me the box from underfor you. the ~~~? B: ­So, what that you don’t B: Sorry, I . Could you say like it. it again? 2 A: It works exactly like an answering machine. 4 A: His books fly off the shelves! B: I about answering machines. B: ‘fly off the shelves’.Could you explain? 3 Work with a partner. Your friend, Mark, is going to spend the summer with some relatives in Australia.He’d like to keep in regular touch with his friends and his elderly grandmother while he is away. Hereare some of the most common ways people use to communicate. First, talk to each other about theadvantages and disadvantages of each type of communication. Then decide which one would be bestfor Mark to keep in touch with his friends and his grandmother. Use the Language Bank to help you.write letters What is the best way for make phone calls Mark to keep in touch with a his friends? b his grandmother?send emails through Facebook or Twitter use Skype4 Work in pairs to discuss these questions. While interacting with another person, it is quite natural to miss or • Do you think that people should be available for communication not understand something they are 24 hours a day or that they should set aside some totally private time? saying. Don’t be afraid to ask them to repeat or confirm what they have • H ow do you adapt the way you communicate to suit different situations? just said. You may also need to ask For example, how would you talk to a young child, a close friend, them to explain what they mean. a stranger or an important person? • H ow important is it to speak correctly (use the correct grammar and vocabulary)? Why?/Why not?Asking someone to repeat or confirm what they said Asking someone to explain what they meanSorry, I didn’t catch that. Could you say it again? I’m not sure (I understand) what you mean by ...Could you repeat that, please? Could you explain (what you mean)?Sorry, but when you say ... do you mean ...? I don’t know much about ... . Could you explain?So, what you’re saying is that ... What do you mean ‘...’? UNIT 1 13

WritingEssay: Using the task as a guideDon’t rush to start writing in an exam. Take time to read the task properlybecause it is designed to guide your thinking. It will tell you the general topic tofocus on, the specific topic and, finally, the topic you should write about in youressay. Underline this important information and refer back to it while you areplanning and writing to make sure you are answering with relevant ideas.1 L ook at how the underlining in this writing task guides you into what you have to write about. Then brainstorm the class question to help you form your opinion and get ideas. You have had a class discussion about language. (general topic) Your English teacher has now asked you to write an essay for homework. Countries have problems communicating with each other because they all Class question: What speak different languages. (specific topic) are the advantages and disadvantages of one Do you think we should all learn to speak the same language? (essay topic) international language? Notes Write about: 1 Business and work (paragraph topic) 2 Travelling and holidays (paragraph topic) 3 ____ (your own idea) 2 R ead this writing task and underline the important information that guides you. Then complete the class question you need to brainstorm. You have had a class discussion about different cultures. Your English teacher has now asked you to write an essay for homework. These days, more and more people are leaving their homes to live in Class question: a different country. What are the advantages and disadvantages of Do you think this is a difficult thing to do? ? Notes Write about: 1 Language 2 Work 3 ____ (your own idea) 3 R ead this essay that was written in answer to the question in 2 and circle the topic of paragraphs 2-4. There are many kinds of people starting new lives in other countries; from refugees escaping danger to pensioners retiring to sunnier places. However, I don’t think that adjusting to a new culture is an easy thing to do. T o begin with, people have to learn a new language quite quickly in order to be able to organise their daily life. In the beginning, children will have a difficult time at school and older people will probably need to arrange lessons. In addition, they have to find a job and this will need patience as they will probably not have a network of friends or family nearby to help them. Furthermore, making friends can be difficult in a new culture. Newcomers will need to observe, and copy such things as table manners, polite ways to address strangers and other cultural behaviour in order to be accepted by the locals. T o sum up, it can take many difficult and stressful months before people are really able to enjoy their lives in a new country.14

4 Y ou should introduce the topic of each paragraph in the first sentence. The reader needs to know what the topic is in order to make sense of the rest of the paragraph. Complete the topic sentences in these short paragraphs about communication. 1 Humans are capable of communicating without . We can often understand how someone feels, for example, just by looking at the expression on their face. 2 Another way of understanding more about a person is by observing their . For example, an untidyperson who leaves their clothes all over their bedroom is probably not very good at organising their life.5 To expand the topic of your paragraph, you can use examples. Underline where the writer has done this in the essay in 3. Then underline the topic of the sentences below and write a second sentence giving an example. Use the Language Bank to help you. 1 A person’s appearance can tell you a lot about them. 2 A person’s body language can reveal how they are really feeling. 6 R ead this writing task, underline the important information Introducing topics and identify the question you should brainstorm. Then use To begin with,/In the first place, the plan and the Language Bank to help you write your essay. When you have finished your essay, check your work carefully. In addition,/Furthermore,/Moreover, You have had a class discussion about non-verbal communication. To sum up,/All in all, Your English teacher has now asked you to write an essay. Contrasting topics Write an essay using all the notes and giving reasons for your point of view. (140-190 words) However,/On the other hand, We don’t always need conversation because we can Although/Despite learn a lot about a person just by watching them. Communication Do you think this is a good way of getting to verbal/non-verbal know someone? gestures & body language to get a first impression (of sb) Notes to make a first impression (on sb) Write about: to express yourself 1 Appearance to hide your feelings 2 Expressions & gestures to observe/watch 3 ____ (your own idea) to show/reveal Appearance hairstyle/make-up/clothes body decoration: jewellery, tattoos Plan actions speak louder than words Paragraph 1: Introduce the topic and state your opinion. truthful/honest Paragraph 2: Make a point on the topic of appearance. Paragraph 3: Make a point on the topic of expressions and gestures. Expressions & gestures Paragraph 4: Make your own point either to support your opinion to smile to frown or in contrast. to shake hands Paragraph 5: Summarise your opinion, and add a comment. to nod/shake your head to shrug your shoulders to make eye contact (with sb) Underline the important information in the writing task and use it to guide your thinking. Refer back to it to make sure your ideas are relevant. Help the reader by writing the topic of each paragraph in the first sentence. UNIT 1 15

1 Reload Vocabulary Grammar Choose the correct answers. Choose the correct answers. 1 W hy don’t you give your mum a call? It will 1 As a psychologist, with children who have her day. problems communicating? a melt a are you working b flash b you work c make c you are working d open d do you work 2 My parents with disappointment when I told 2 ‘ long?’ them that I’d failed an exam. ‘No, I’ve just arrived.’ a Have you waited a sighed b Have you been waiting b screamed c Are you waiting c whispered d Do you wait d gossiped 3 I realise that you’re having a bad day, but you 3 ‘ at the children all evening. What’s wrong?’ shouldn’t be so . ‘I’m sorry. I’m in a terrible mood.’ a You have been shouting a optimistic b Have you been shouting b delighted c Do you shout c grumpy d You have shouted d hurt 4 Ican’t believe it; my husband paid me on my 4 I this book on body language twice; it’s very new hairstyle! interesting. a a confrontation a have been reading b an achievement b have read c an arrival c do read d a compliment d sometimes read 5 If you want to your colleagues, you should 5 Certain gestures different things depending on work harder. which country you’re in. a impress a are meaning b shrug b mean c cross c is meaning d express d means 6 Your eyes are red. Have you been them? 6 I my sister’s children this weekend. a shaking a look after b biting b am looking after c nodding c looks after d rubbing d looking after 7 You shouldn’t wear all the time; you’ll get 7 The talk on means of communication at 7 pm. wrinkles on your forehead. Shall we go out afterwards? a an amount a often is ending b a frown b has ended c a number c is ending d a smile d ends 8 Dad got mum an iron for her birthday; what 8 ‘Why his desk?’ an gift! ‘Because he insulted the boss and she fired him!’ a is Mark always clearing out a unavoidable b Mark clears out b unaccompanied c does Mark clear out c impersonal d has Mark cleared out d indirect 9 M eg has moved to a new city, so she is feeling quite 9 ‘Why Jake’s hand?’ without her friends. ‘Because they’ve just agreed to work together.’ a is Joe shaking a embarrassed b does Joe shake b lonely c Joe is shaking c sarcastic d Joe shakes d pessimistic16

12 Entertainment & The Arts1 Which of these do you consider to be art? 1 A rock in the corner of an empty room 2 A 300-year-old portrait painting 3 Three belts rolled up and applied to a wall 4 A box of pears, each one wrapped in aluminium foil 5 A statue of an ancient Greek god or goddess 6 A pile of dirty laundry on the floor 7 Splashes of brightly coloured paint on a canvas 8 Graffiti on the wall of a disused factory2 Read the quotation. What do you think? Discuss with a partner. Who sees the human face correctly: the photographer, the mirror, or the painter? Pablo Picasso DVD 12 Watch this short video showing a speed painter. Did you guess what his painting was of? 147

How to Readingsucceedas an 1 W here is art usually displayed? Whereartist else could it be viewed and appreciated? 2 Work with a partner. List as many different kinds of artist as you can. 3 Quickly read the text. Which famous artists are mentioned? Artists have always had a tough time B making a living, and very few manage to reach the dizzying heights of Picasso, whose paintings, Being eccentric is an asset for an artist because it conforms ceramics and sculptures sold for millions in his to our ideas of what an artist should be. We expect artists lifetime. Many people are creative, but what to look and act differently from other people. Weird is does it take to succeed as an artist? definitely wonderful because there is value in the unusual. The less ‘normal’ someone is, the more memorable they A tend to be. The same is true for art. To sell it, the artist needs to create works that are obviously different from Long ago it was the dream of artists to head to Paris, the what has gone before. Once you have seen a few paintings art capital of the world, where they rented an attic studio, by Monet or Warhol, for example, they become easy to struggled and suffered for their art until their talent was recognise. In a sense, the artist creates a ‘brand’, and once recognised by a wealthy patron who paid handsomely this is associated with the artist’s name, offers of work for their magnificent works. Things have changed since often follow. Individuality, perhaps more than quality, then and nowadays artists need to be more realistic brings sales. It is a fact that there are wealthy artists whose in what they do with their talent. Although it may be work, though eye-catching, is not appealing. The ‘branded’ tempting for new artists to open a gallery, that’s not the artist isn’t a more talented artist, just a more bankable one. road to security. Today’s artists need to rely on multiple sources of income. These include exhibitions, teaching C positions, web sales, public and private commissions and government grants. That way, the artist has multiple A successful artist needs more than just passion, sources of income. Unfortunately, this means the artist creativity and talent. Artists are constantly being exposed will need to juggle different commitments, but the to opinion and commentary: more than any other advantage is that the artist has more options and is more professional, artists must be able to handle criticism of likely to make a living. their work and not let it affect them negatively. Controlling negativity can be difficult to do because their148 work is intensely personal, and for the more sensitive amongst them, criticism can be very destructive. Also, artists tend to experience a greater range of emotions than other people. While this can make their work more expressive, there are times when self-control is necessary, as it is for every person whether they are an artist or not. Like poets, novelists and composers, artists spend a great deal of their time alone, so they need to be happy in their own company. They also need to be highly disciplined, with excellent powers of concentration in order to produce high quality work.

4 Read the texts again to find the following information. 1 For the multiple-matching 2 task, try to summarise Which paragraph 3 each paragraph in order emphasises the importance of an artist standing out? 4 to better understand the suggests what an artist should spend most time doing? 5 overall content. This will help explains the need for a variety of financial sources? 6 you to locate the specific talks about the best mentality for an artist to have? 7 information you need mentions the pros and the cons of a particular action? 8 to answer the individual talks about modern means of reaching buyers? 9 questions quickly. For suggests a unique style can be more important than talent? 10 example, which paragraph explains that an artist’s feelings can enrich their work? (A, B, C or D) is about ways describes a romantic scenario from the past? of promoting art? says that artists need to be strict when working? 5 Complete the sentences with the correct form of these words. concentrate create exhibit individual persist sculpt 1 The public couldn’t wait to see the Picasso at the National Gallery. 2 Do you think can be taught, or is it something artists are born with? 3 Katya expresses her by dressing in a very unique way. 4 Just keep doing your best and you will see that is rewarded in the end. 5 My was broken when the neighbours started playing very loud music. 6 Maria discovered her talent for carving wood when she studied at Camberwell College of Arts.6 W ork with a partner. Imagine you have been commissioned by your local city council to create an outdoor art installation in your town or city. Come up with an original idea. Consider the following: • what it is • if it has a function or is only decorative • where it will be displayed • what it will be made of • what it will add to the area (beauty, interest, etc) DHow can any artist be successful if no oneknows about or is exposed to their art? That’swhy artists should be prepared to spend the biggestchunk of their time administering and marketingtheir art.This includes identifying their target marketand analysing how to reach it successfully; setting upa website that displays their art attractively; bloggingabout their art to create interest in and direct traffic tothe website; taking advantage of and using social mediato make contacts and help to build their brand. All of thismay seem overwhelming to artists who, naturally, wouldprefer to spend the majority of their time creating artrather than selling it. But the reality is thatmarketing creates more traffic and more inquiries,leads to more shows and eventually makesmore sales. It takes time, hard work andpersistence to be successful. UNIT 12 149

a-z Vocabulary 11 Circle the correct words. 2 3 1 ceramics / cartoon poem / illustration sculpture / portrait 4 5 6 poem / illustration sculpture / cartoon portrait / ceramics2 What do we call the artists who create the art forms in 1? Write a vowel (a, e, i, o, u) on each line. 1 p _ tt _ r 2 _ ll _ str _ t _ r 3 sc _ lpt _ r 4 p _ _ t 5 c _ rt _ _ n _ st 6 p _ _ nt _ r3 Find and write eight kinds of entertainment. X P A N T OM I M E B Z YMU S I C A L B A UM 1 5 QH C A R T OON S S I 2 6 F I R E WO R K S K KM 3 7 QKARAOK E B E I E 4 8 S TOR Y T E L L I NG LDKNEAKE VHGZ4 Match the words in 3 to their definitions. 1 : perform music in the streets and other public places for money 2 : a play or film in which there are a lot of songs 3 : sing popular songs while recorded music is played 4 : things that explode when lit that produce colourful lights and loud noises 5 : a humorous play for children, based on a traditional children’s story 6 : recite popular tales to an audience 7 : tell a story without words, using only the movements of your body and face 8 : a film or television programme using animation so that drawings of people and objects seem to move 150

Grammar 1 Determiners & quantifiers1 Read about determiners and quantifiers. Determiners Quantifiers Determiners are words which come at the We use quantifiers when we want to give information aboutbeginning of a noun phrase. They tell us how much there is or how many there are of something.whether the noun phrase is specific or We sometimes use a quantifier instead of a determiner.general. • S ome quantifiers can be used with both countable and • W e use specific determiners when we uncountable nouns. For example, all, any, enough, less,think that others know what we are a lot/lots of, more/most, no, none of, some, each/every.referring to. All the books are on the table. Can you read the poem out loud? Most cartoonists are funny. He wants to paint a portrait of your face! None of the paint spilled on the floor. Look at these beautiful illustrations. Every writer was given a prize. Whose sculptures are these? • Some quantifiers can only be used with countable • We use general determiners when we nouns. For example, both, each, every, either, (a) few,talk about things generally and also fewer, neither, several.when we think others don’t know what Both sculptors are famous.we are referring to. • Some quantifiers can only be used with uncountable A man created the statue. nouns. For example, a little, (not) much, a bit of, a I love cartoons, storytelling, mime great/good deal of.– any entertainment. There is a great deal of art in the museum. Could I have another paintbrush? • W e can use a noun after a quantifier when we talk Could I have a few other paintbrushes? generally about members of a group, but we must use of the as well when we talk about a specific group. Few exhibitions are free. (general) Few of the exhibitions are free. (specific)2 Read the sentences and underline the determiner and the quantifier. Write D (determiner) or Q (quantifier). Can you identify the kind of determiner that is used? a Your story was sad! b Most pantomimes are funny. Read 12.1-12.2 of the Grammar Reference before you do the tasks.3 Circle the correct words to complete the sentences. 1 Other / My son’s picture won the competition. 2 They have had lots of / most of exhibits lately. 3 Have you seen any / none of Pollack drawings? 4 Can you bring me this / those illustrations that are on the table? 5 I haven’t got a / these book of poems. 6 Each / All child was allowed to create a painting. 7 How much / many time do you need to finish the cartoon? 8 The / Whose Mona Lisa is a famous portrait. 9 Which / Any art teacher have you got this year? 10 There are both / few people at the art exhibition.4 Which of the words you circled in 3 are determiners and which are quantifiers? UNIT 12 151

a-z Vocabulary 2Commonly Confused Words1 Complete the pairs of sentences with the words in bold. 1 scene scenery of the play, the young couple get married. a In the final for the school play. b I’ve volunteered to paint the 2 showing playing at the theatre in March. Let’s get tickets, shall we? a Cats is old black and white films all weekend! b The cinema is 3 brand make of car does your dad drive? a What of trainers. b This is my favourite 4 target aim , you get three points. a In this game, if you hit the b The of the programme is to promote the performing arts. 5 rented hired a I’ve a car to take me to the art festival. b He an art studio in New York for five years. 6 grant loan so I can go to art college. a I’m going to ask the bank for a to further her studies – she doesn’t have to pay it back. b The artist received a governmentPrepositions2 Complete the sentences with in, on or to. 1 I was nervous while I was stage, but I’m fine now. 2 Actors are accustomed working long hours. 3 As an alternative going to a football match, why not go to the cinema? 4 From now , he’s going to buy all his books online. 5 The film is being shot location in China. 6 Thanks my agent, I got the part in the film. 7 The singer is famous and she is still her twenties! 8 Jake was so absorbed his book that he didn’t notice me beside him. Collocations & Expressions3 Complete the expressions in the sentences with the correct form of these words. be bring have paint put stand 1 The art gallery owner has himself into a corner by promising to have a showing of Van Gogh’s work – obviously that will never happen! 2 A little more singing and dancing would have the play to life ... as it was, it was a bit boring. 3 I’ve almost finished my portrait; I’ve just got to the finishing touches to it. 4 A good novel can the test of time; it never sounds old-fashioned and always remains popular. 5 Maria cooking down to a fine art – she could be a famous chef! 6 Look at my new car! Now that a real work of art! 4 Can you explain what the bold expressions in 3 mean?152

Grammar 2 Special structures: I wish/If only, not only ..., but also, it’s (about/high) time1 Read about special structures: I wish/If only, not only ..., but also and it’s (about/high) time. I wish/If only • We use wish/if only + would to complain about • W e can use wish and if only to talk about our a situation that annoys us. own wishes. However, when we talk about other I wish he would stop talking about his acting people’s wishes, we must use wish. We can’t use career all the time! if only. Compare: I wish/If only I had tickets to the play. (my own Not only ..., but also wish) We can use not only ..., but also at the beginning Joe wishes he had tickets to the play. (Joe’s of a sentence for emphasis. When we do this, the wish) word order changes. Compare: • W e use wish/if only + past simple to talk about S ue not only paints portraits, but she also draws the present or the future when we say that illustrations. something is not how we want it to be. N ot only does Sue paint portraits, but she also I wish I knew some famous actors. draws illustrations. If only I understood what this poem means! • W e use wish/if only + past perfect simple to It’s (about/high) time talk about the past when we say that we are We can use it’s time, it’s about time and it’s high sorry that something did or did not happen. time + past tense to complain about or criticise I wish I hadn’t gone to drama school. something or someone in the present. If only you had booked the tickets in advance. I t’s time Mary found a real job and stopped • We often use could after wish/if only. busking. The sculptor wishes she could get a grant. It’s about time you rented your own art studio. If only I could paint like Picasso! It’s high time they finished making the scenery.2 Read the sentences and complete them with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Which of the sentences show the speaker is annoyed or complaining? a It’s about time you (pay) me for the painting. b I wish you (stop) boasting about your artistic talent all the time. c If only I (buy) the Picasso painting when I had the chance. Read 12.3-12.5 of the Grammar Reference before you do the task.3 Complete the second sentence so it has the same meaning as the first sentence, using the word in bold. Use between two and five words, including the word given. 1 Actors need to be creative and hard-working too. ONLY Not to be creative, but they also need to be hard-working. 2 You should already have paid back your loan. HIGH It back your loan. 3 The painter is unable to find a gallery to show his work. COULD The painter wishes a gallery to show his work. 4 I can’t dance, but I’d like to. ONLY If dance. 5 Dave didn’t book tickets and now he regrets it. WISHES Dave tickets. 6 I regret not making the sculpture out of stone. WISH I the sculpture out of stone. 7 Martha writes short stories. She writes poems too. ALSO Martha not only writes short stories, . 8 You talk about your work a lot. It’s very annoying. TALKING I wish about your work all the time. It’s very annoying. UNIT 12 153

Listening1  If you focus on the key words of the questions and options before the recording starts, you will be better prepared for the listening. Read the statements and underline the key words. Then listen to some very short extracts from the recording. Match the statements (1-6) with the listening extracts (A-F). 1 There’s a bigger selection of films at the multiplex. 2 A great amount of labour goes into writing a book. 3 Sometimes people with tickets are unable to go to the performance. 4 Someone who’s seen the play found it very funny. 5 She can only look at the reflection of the world in a mirror. 6 The rocks were put there for a purpose. 2  Listen again. How were these words from the statements in 1 rephrased in the listening extracts? 1 bigger selection of films Use the time before the listening begins 2 a great amount of labour to read through the instructions, the 3 the people who cannot go questions and the answer options. 4 found it very funny Underline the key words in the 5 the reflection of the world questions to help you focus on the right 6 for a purpose information while you are listening. To make your final choice, concentrate on3  You will hear people talking in eight different situations. the meaning of the options, as the right one will usually rephrase the information For questions 1-8, choose the best answer (A, B or C). you hear in the recording. 1 You hear two people talking about going to the 5 You hear two friends talking about TV music talent cinema. shows. Why doesn’t the woman want to go? They agree that to succeed you have to A She thinks the film is too depressing. A be accepted by the general audience. B She doesn’t like the cinema where the film is B have an unusual style and presence. C be the most talented. showing. C She doesn’t like watching old films. 6 You hear two people talking as they come out of the theatre. 2 You hear two people talking about Covent Garden, a popular shopping and tourist area in London. What was wrong with the performance? A The scenery didn’t work properly. What do they both like about it? B The director hadn’t done a good job. A the variety of things sold there C The actors weren’t good. B how lively it is C the street performers 7 You hear a museum curator talking about a painting. 3 You hear a published author talking about his work. Why does the Lady of Shallot live alone in the tower? What is he doing? A advertising his new book A because she is a mysterious woman B talking about his daily routine B because she was in love with Sir Lancelot C explaining what his work involves C No one knows the reason why 4 You hear a message on a telephone answering 8 You hear two people discussing a piece of sculpture machine. they see in a gallery. What is the purpose of the woman’s call? What does the man think about it? A to return Evelyn’s call A that it shouldn’t be considered a work of art B to invite Evelyn to the ballet B that some materials are unsuitable for art C to persuade Evelyn to buy some tickets C that the artist doesn’t know what he wants to say154

Speaking1 Ask and answer the questions with a partner. • Which form of art interests you most? • How are live performances different from recorded ones? • If you had a singing talent, would you take part in a competition? Why/Why not?2 When having a discussion with your partner, you might find that he or she doesn’t say very much. In this situation, you will need to manage the discussion and keep it going. Read these statements and decide whether you would use them to begin the discussion (B), keep the discussion going (K) or come to a conclusion (C). 1 Let’s move on to ... 5 Which one shall we begin with? 2 How about starting with ...? 6 Shall we go for ... and ..., then? 3 Shall we deal with ... now? 7 Let’s choose ... and ..., shall we? 4 So, let me just check. We agreed that ... 8 What do you think about ...? 3 W ork with a partner. A wealthy ex-student You may sometimes find that your partner is rather shy when it comes to interacting. It will then be up to you to has made a generous donation to your school start the discussion, keep it going by saying what you so that it can be used to educate students think and inviting your partner to respond before you in the arts. You and your partner have finally reach a conclusion together. Make full use of the been chosen to represent your class in the time you have and remember that both of you need to be committee that will decide how to spend the heard, so don’t be tempted to monopolise the discussion. money. Discuss how useful the suggestions your classmates have made are. Then decide which two you will include in your proposal to the committee.run after-school drama What should create a school classes the donation money orchestrahold an art competition be used for? build a library of for art college classic films scholarships commission an interactive art installation4 Work in pairs to discuss these Managing the discussion Coming to a conclusion Which one shall we begin with? So, let me just check. We said/agreed questions. How about starting with ...? that ... Shall we begin with ...? Let’s choose ... and ..., shall we? • D o you think people your age are Let’s move on to ... We both agreed on ..., didn’t we? able to create real art? What do you think about ...? I think we said that ... Shall we deal with ... now? Shall we go for ... and ..., then? • If you could commission a work of art, what would it be? • Would you encourage a friend to become a professional artist/ dancer/singer? • Do you think that all art should be affordable? Why/Why not? UNIT 12 155

WritingReview: Explaining and describingWhen you are telling someone what a film or a TV programme is about, it is easy togive so much detail that the listener gets confused or bored. You need to keep yourexplanation simple. When you write a review about something like a book, a place ora film, you also need to introduce it in a short, simple way.1 R ead these simple explanations and decide what they are describing. Then write a similar short explanation of something you find entertaining. 1 It’s a(n) in which six girls are judged on how good theyare at various modelling tasks. Every week, one of the contestants is told to leaveat the end of the programme. 2 It’s a(n) in the town centre which is used by people of all ages. As well as a snack bar,it’s got 15 computers which people use for working and playing online games. 3 It’s a(n) in which each chapter follows the adventures of a boy who discovers his ownpower after being sent to a school for magicians. 4 It’s a(n) .2 Read this writing task and underline the four points you must include in your review. You see this advert in a teenage magazine: Reviews wanted A TV Cookery Competition Your review should include information about what it’s like, the kind of tasks the competitors are given and the judging. Would you recommend it to other people your age? The best reviews will be published in next month’s magazine. 3 Read this review that was written in answer to the question in 2 and answer the questions below. Entertaining cookery Are you interested in food and how to cook it? Then you mustn’t miss Tiptop Chef every Tuesday evening on Channel 2. It’s a highly entertaining cookery competition in which contestants are given a variety of challenging tasks. Each week, the judges decide which chef is not good enough and he or she has to leave. Could you cook a fairly complicated meal in an hour? These contestants have to be very quick, which builds up the stress and makes it really exciting. Every week, they have three tasks which can range from creating a main course from kitchen leftovers to preparing a sophisticated Italian dessert. There is often a crisis because part of a meal gets burnt or a sauce hasn’t set properly. The two judges are very encouraging, but can be absolutely ruthless about the competitors’ cooking. If someone prepares a completely disastrous meal, they say so. This programme will certainly make your mouth water and may encourage you to experiment more in the kitchen. For those who love their food, it’s a must! 1 In which paragraph does the writer give a short explanation of what the programme is like? 2 Has the writer included all four points in the task? 3 Adjectives are used to describe things and to show our opinion. In this review, adverbs have been used before some of the adjectives to emphasise the strength of those adjectives. The first example has been underlined. Find and underline the other six.156

4 Some adjectives are gradable. For example, a person can be a bit tired or very tired. Other adjectives are non-gradable because they already contain the meaning of very. For example, you cannot say very exhausted because exhausted already means very tired. Look at the following adjectives and decide whether they are gradable (G) or non-gradable (N). • amazing • marvellous • disappointing • popular • exciting • talented • hopeless • disastrous 5 Now complete the following sentences with suitable adverbs from the lists below. You can use some of the adverbs more than once. absolutely completely extremely fairly totally very 1 The song was romantic and ideal for a wedding. 2 Their performance of the tango was perfect. 3 The comedians were not funny and nobody laughed. 4 The theatre was empty when I went back to find my gloves. It was a bit creepy to be honest. complicated, but they made it look 5 The choreography was easy. tall with long legs. 6 The model who won was6 R ead this writing task and use the help below to write your review. A review is a type of article so remember to give it a title and talk directly to the reader. You see this advert in a teenage magazine: Reviews wanted competition/contest competitors/ contestants A TV Talent Show performers We are looking for reviews of a talent show on television. Your review auditions should include information about what it’s like, the contestants and the audience participation judging. Would you recommend it to other people your age? voting The best reviews will be published in next month’s magazine. marks the judges’ verdict W rite your review. (140-190 words) the finalists the winner ≠ the loser Plan prize Title favourite Paragraph 1: Introduce the talent show by saying when and where to popular talented watch it and who would enjoy it most. Paragraph 2: Explain what the programme is like Give a short, simple Paragraph 3: Describe the contestants explanation of what you are Paragraph 4: Describe the judging reviewing before you add Paragraph 5: Recommend it to everyone or just to certain types of people detailed comments and description. If it is a book or a film, summarise the story in one or two sentences. Use adjectives and adverbs to give your opinion as well as for description. UNIT 12 157

12 ReloadVocabulary GrammarChoose the correct answers. Choose the correct answers.1 Quiet! If you make any noise, my will be broken 1  sculpture in the corner is very valuable; it’s and I’ll never finish this painting. worth millions. a creativity a The b individuality b - c concentration c An d persistence d A2 Jake brought some beautiful back from Greece; 2 It’s high time we for the cinema or we’ll miss the they’ve got a lovely design painted on them. start of the film! a portraits a leave b poems b to leave c illustrations c are leaving d ceramics d left3 I think to be a good , you need a sense of 3 ‘ art supplies are on the table?’ humour as well as the ability to draw. ‘I think they belong to Marie.’ a These a sculptor b That b potter c Whose c cartoonist d Those d poet4 What’s so great about ? It’s just bad singers, 4 There were three local poets in the competition, but singing songs badly! of them won. a karaoke a neither b storytelling b both c pantomime c none d mime d all5 The bank manager wouldn’t give me a ; he said 5 ‘Can I borrow a few books? I’ve finished these that as an artist, I don’t make enough money to pay ones.’ the bank back. ‘Of course! Borrow as many as you’d like.’ a target a another b loan b your c scene c other d grant d his6 What’s at the theatre this weekend? I hope it’s 6 ‘I wish I to your exhibition.’ not a musical. ‘It’s OK; you can come to the next one.’ a would come a hiring b came b playing c had come c showing d come d renting7 After the play was over, all the actors came stage 7 ‘Josh is singing ... again!’ and bowed to the audience. ‘I know. I wish he pretending to be a rock star!’ a stopped a - b had stopped b on c stops c in d would stop d to8 My grandparents think that going to the cinema is a 8 ‘Julia is very creative.’ good alternative watching TV. ‘Yes. illustrations, but she also writes songs.’ a Only not does she do a on b Not only does she do b in c Does she not only do c - d She does do not only d to9 The living room is nearly finished; the decorators are 9 If only I a living busking in the streets! the finishing touches to it now. a would earn b could earn a bringing c could to earn b standing d would earning c putting d having158