73 Magazine February 1974 (#161)

an \" ho nest\" $1.00 February 1974 magazi•ne for radio amateurs • l •~':'- - --k,·, '\" canno t tell a lie . . .\" •• \".

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-- magazi•ne # 161 FEBRUARY 1974for radio amateuui - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - FEATURES 2 Never Say Die W2NSO/l 10 QS L Contest 11 Caveat Emptor 4 Socia l Events 14 Rep eater Atlas Registrat ion 14 Repeater Up date 4 Hamburglar aso4 Virgi nia 14 L o o king West EDITORIAL STAFF Party 16 New Prod uctsWay ne Green W2N SO/l 6 AMSAT News 18 OX Foot no tes Ron Subka WA9F PP/ l Yvette Grimes WA8UlU / l 6 Ham Help 99 LettersASSOCIATES 6 T rave ling Ham 100 Circu its. Circuits, Circ uitsGu s Br owning W4BPDT om DiB iase WB8KZD 7 Leaky Lines 128 Ad IndexBill H o isington K 1e l l 8 SSTV Scene 128 PropagationDave I\" gram K4TWJJ oe Kasser G3ZCZ/W3 10 50 MHz BandJ on T ara WaSDBN CONTENTSBill Turner WA0ABI 20 Understanding the Slow Scan Monitor •.• .• . . . • . . . . . . .• K4TWJPRODUCTION tts awf ul ly sim p le ... re ally.Rut hmary Davis 25 In tegrated Circuit Au dio Amplifiers KenneyKaren Hebert IC Aud io Amp lifi ers Ha nd b o o kett e. , WA2 HNJBift Mahoney 32 A Si mple Sweep Generator for Mon itor ScopesPeri Mahoney Very. very simple .Janet Ox leyLynn Pan ci er a-Frase r 3 4 New Reg ulations (1938) . , ., . . , . , .. . , . .• .• . ' .. ,. K2PMM/F8Bob Sawyer A dated a rticle.Bil l Su ndbe rg 3 7 Ou ic k 'n Easy 15 or 20 Meter Ve rtical , , .. , . , . , , . . . .. KH6HDMBUSINESSKnud E. M . K ell er KV4GG /l Using e! c beaoo T V mast s.CI RCULATION 41 Telephone Cont rol a nd Monit o r System \" ... . , . .. . , .. , ,K1CLLBarbara BlockDorothy G ibson Operat e yo ur rig by phone .T RA NSPO RT A T I ON 50 Modific at ions to He athkit GC -l00 5 Digital Readout CiockWA0KHVWal ter Pence Yo u 're out of luc k if you r day has o nly 23 hr s a nd 56 mins in it ,DR AFT INGT , M . Graham W8FKW 52 Cook a Better Circu it Board , , • . . . . . . .• . . WB4MYLB ill Mon.-1I0Wayne Peeler K4MVW Do n' t forget t o use a dash o f carda mom. 54 A Variable Q Audio Filte r \" •. . . , .. , , WA4 DCN Fo r CWo 57 Ano ther Blown Fuse In dica t o r fo r Low Vol ta ge K6 HK B/l Using an LED . 60 Building with Ten-Fee Modules WB2W Y O A 20/4Qm GRP transmitter usi ng m odule s. W6J OO 69 Simple Audio Preamp Ho w to increase your in t ell igib ility a nd live a fuller a nd m o re I useful life . 71 An Integrated Circ uit SW L Re ceive r , \", W1GOG Hey . here 's a n easy a nd fu n proj ect ! K1CLL 77 432'er Fina l Asse m bly , on th e Air , At last! K60LG 90 Transisto r Keying Circ uit You 'It never u se relays aga in. 95 Lo w Cost Seven Segme nt Re adout , . • . ,. \" , . . . . , .\" WA2AOO Inte rfac ed wit h Nix ie d rive r . 73 sto eastne is p ublish ed m onthly by 73 , In c., Pete r b oro u gh , New H amp shire 03458. 1 Subscriptio n rate s are $7 fo r o ne yea r in Nor t h America a n d U.S, Zip Code areas o verseas. $8 per year else wh e re . T w o veare. 512 an d $ 13 overseas. Th re e years, 5 15. and 5 16 overseas. Sec ond class p o stage p aid a t P eterbo ro u gh N H 03 458 and a t additional mailing offices, Pr inted a t .Ue n asha,J Wisc o nsin 5 4952 U S A . E n t ire con ten ts copyright 1 974 by 73 In c.. Pete r b orough N H 034;)8, Ph o ne : 603 ·924·3873. st tcrot um edit ion of 73 available fro m U nivers ity .\Iicro fil ms:.., A n n Arb o r, \"U I 4 81 0 6 . M agn etic tap es available fro m S c ie n ce for t he Blin d . 332 R o c k H illlCd ., B ala Cy nwy d PA 1 9 9 04.FEBRUAR Y 1974

How do you win the go lden ante award? Assumi ng that you are not singled out by t he administration to be screwed, or by a vindictive qover- no r, o r by a business competi tor with po litical pull, and you're not a lour- nalist who nee ds the fea r of God put in him, or a judge or other person against whom t he IAS has a vendetta, EDITORIAL BY WAYNE GREEN then all you have to worry about is no t having the big IAS computer lightI RS The purpose of the \"witness\" was to up tilt when your form is processed. It took quite a bit to get my prove that 73 Magazine did indeed The computer is programmed toattention, but now the I AS has defi- buy the item. 73's counsel offered to balk when certain standards of deduc- stipulate that 73 did indeed purchase t ions are exceeded. If you overdo onnitely got my attention and. if you're the item so that it would be com- medical expenses, for instance, you 're pletely unnecessary for the \"witness\" up for an audit. It makes no dit-interested, I'll pass along some of the to testify. The special agent, apparent- ference that your expenses were com-fascinatng things that I've been find- ly much more interested in having a pletely legitimate. The computer only knows that you deducted more thaning out about them. Some of the host of unneeded witnesses to impress was set as \"reasonable\" by the IAS. a jury and to carry out the Taxpayer The I AS figures of what is reasonablestories are right out of the Nazi storm Compliance Program refused to accept are very closely guarded for if theytrooper notebooks. the stipulation or to let the witness In addition to the tales of horror ofpersecution by the I RS there are t hesto ries of brave people who have beenstanding up to these tyrants and win- leave the country to make his business were known the taxpayers could takening. I didn't realize that thousands deal. This shows the callous disregard the limit of reasonable deductions andupon thousands of people have been fo r the taxpayers that this special save a whole lot of money.in revolt against the income tax ... age nt has. Once your return has been rejectedsuccessfully! I'll be lo ok ing mo re and Whether the item in question by the computer you stand a goodmore in to this phase and reportingback to you .. .if you're interested. should have been disallowed or not is chance of bei ng in for an audit and a I t hink that all of us are honest no t relevant to this witness and his nice big bil1. Worse than that, onceenough to agree that we shou ld pay perso nal loss. It was just a small thing you've been hit for an extra payment,O U f share of the cost of running o ur t hat was used for decoration of the 73 you are a pidgeon and you can expecttown, ou r state an d our country. I Magazine waiting room and it was sold to have them looking to you fort hink most of us fee l t hat t hese thi ngsare not being ru n very efficien tly at when the ro om was redecorated . . . continued big profits in t he fu tu re.present and are unhappy over thewhole situat ion. I've read some inter- sold fo r t he same price that was pa id These are called \"subsequent audits\"esti ng proposa ls for alternates t o th eincome tax. There are enough dit- for it. and are a goldmine fo r the I RS. In theferent id eas - some o f them verygood - o n better ways t o pay fo r the last few mo nths o f 19 72 t he IASservices we nee d so I can sympath izewith many of th e peop le who are in BEWARE D F TA X REFUNDS pic ked up an average of almost $4000revot against t he present system. One of t he things that can flag an eac h fro m 13 th ou san d people in t h is Ma ny people are quite angry about group .cont inu ing tax lo op ho les which per - I RS aud it is a substantia l tax refund. They a lso do a ro using b usinessmit people and businesses which you Since t here is virtually no way to gomight expect to be help ing to pay for t hrough an aud it wit hout it costing with this group in going over th eirthe country to run to pay little or no you mo ney, it should be obvious t hat back retu rns and figu re that t h is y ieldst axes. Did you know that the middle an audit is t o be avoi ded li ke a swim about $5000 per man hour spen t onincome people pay over 80% of t he in t he rap ids of the Colorado River. that.income taxes? Did you know t hat Th is is an interesting piece of news Obviously it is extremely important71.4% of the tax income of the for people who understate their de- not to have your retu rn light up tilt .government for 1973 came from in- pendents o n their withholding as a One more statistic for you . . . income and social security taxes - out form of enforced savings. Then they 1973 the people who asked for sub-of your paycheck? Corporation taxes cla im t he right number of dependents stantial refunds ended up paying anfurnish only 16 .1% of receipts! T here at t ax time and get the difference in average additional tax of $234! That's withholding tax. T hey also stand a big right, not only didn't they get theirmust be some better system than this! chance of an audit which will lose expected refund, they had to shell out a bundle. I RS HARRASMENT them everything they saved and more. How can such a thing be, you are Just how much does the IAS take One of the \"witnesses\" in the asking? Very simple, your revenuetrurrced-uo case against 73 Magazine away from you as a result of an audit?called recently to tell a story of how The average for 1973 on taxpayer agent knows all the tricks with the taxthe I RS needlessly forced him to losea $25,000 business deal. Does he have audits was $796 each! Perhaps you returns and you don't. He not onlyany recourse against the IAS specialagent for this lost income? Of course can see why an audit is to be avoided makes this sort of extortion hisnot. if at all possible. Add to that $800 business. .. and his progress within the Briefly, this person sold a smallitem to 73 Magazine several years ago your cost in lost time at work and the I AS depends to a large degree on howwhich the special agent decided he wear and tear on your ulcers. much he brings in . ..the rules he goeswould disallow as a business expense. by are unavailable to you . . .they're The IRS can't audit all returns, of secret. All else failing, he can blithely course, so they pick out about two disal low any deductions he wants, and million to get the works. If your what are you going to do about it? If number comes up you are in for a big you don't pay, he can come to your headache. About $800 worth, on the house and take your car, your son 's average. Of course the chances are car, your watch, etc., and put them up that you are a little above average in for public auction. You may even find income , so you 'll get hit even harder. yourself ridiculed in the newspapers in The average amateur should assay out to about $926. an ad for the sale of your confiscated2 73 MAGAZINE

property as one California chap did. taxpayer and the sma ll businessman, Hish am writes t hat a new class forDon't make waves if you don't the o nes that can't afford to fight. beginning hams will be starting inwant trouble with the IRS . January and a large number of vou nq- On the other hand , there is a sters are already signed up . . . so lookgrowing number of people who are IRS & YOU? for more and mo re active hams inintentionally mak ing waves...and If you've had any QRM from the Jordan.with some success. _.revotttnq aga inst I AS you might send along some de- Several U.S. amateurs have alreadythe I AS. tails . .. we'll keep your name confi· packed up some unused gear and sent TA X REVOLT dential. The best way to get this it along to the embassy in Washington bunch of pirates to shape up is to put to be forwarded to the clubs inThe people who have been leading the spotlight on them and expose Jordan. If you have any qood equip-the way toward a revolt against the their methods. Let's back them down. ment that you want to offer to some kids that will very much appreciate it ,IRS and the whole tax system haveworked out some interesting ways of MORE? this is a good ro u te to go. T he addressdoing things. I' m not sure how well is: Embassy of Jordan, 23 19 Wyomingt hey are getti ng away with it, bu t the The more research I do the mo re Ave., N.W., Washington DC. Let' s getclaims are t hat no one has yet gone to horrified I am at t he callous lengths t hese great kids some rigs, some reoprison t ha t has done it just righ t. some IRS agen ts have go ne in harras- ceivers, and parts for bu ilding andOne of t he basics seems to be a sing peo ple who we re un able to bu ck experime nti ng.matter o f crossi ng out the perjury the ir raw power. If you'd like to here NON -HAM SCM ELECTED!sta teme nt on t he tax ret u rn . If you more abou t this and t he ways peop lestop and t hink about it, there shou ld are figh ting back , just give me some A note from a reader ou t in Nevad abe a Miranda warning right there encouragement. brings fasci nating news of the A AA Labove that perjury statement for it is MIDEAST TEN SION S and its election of Leo nard Norman astruly said that you are signing a ticket SCM. Norman is the chap who ru nsto jail when you sign the tax form. As lo ng as the mideast is as tense as the yearly Saroc ripoff.You already know that no two IRS it is, even though it is entirely safe toagents filling out the same tax form visit Jordan, it seems likely that many The FCC called up Norman, whocome up with the same results. Several amateurs will want to wait for things had a Conditional license, for re-exemnewspapers have exposed this in tests, to coo l down in the neighboring in July 1972 and he failed both themuch to the embarrassment of the countries. Thus, reluctantly , it has General and Technician exams.IRS. You also know that the I AS can been decided to delay o ur ham tour to Though AAAL HQ knew Norman hadput almost anyone they want in jail Jordan until fall , hoping that some failed both license tests they still ranfor fraud on the basis of their tax solutions to the problems will have him for SCM in the September etec-returns, no matter how honest they been found by that time . tion, where he beat out W7SJA by During the war between Israel , only 17 votes.were. When word of Norman losing hisWhen you sign that return you are Egypt and Syria there was little dis. license got to t he local League memoguaranteei ng t hat it is accurate and t u rbance in Jordan. Amateur radio bersnip. Norman was finally fo rced tocomplete and there is no possible way continued without interruption, as d id resign. Norman appoi nted his bud dyfor you to know t hat. ..so you are everything else. There was some ner- K7Z0K at SCM, th us fi nessing W7SJ Alying whe n you sign it an d you are vo usness becau se of the nearness of out of t he jo b.imme diately up for grabs, if they want the conflict, of course. It is interesting T his is all fact, back ed up by lettersyou. that the border be tween Israel and from Walker testifyi ng t hat Norman Jordan remained open throughout the The tax revolt peop le cross out the war. had failed the exams, and fromperjury statement en the return, Hu nto o n saying he knew that No rmanthereby making the job of the I AS And, lest you forget what a tantas- had failed, but that since Norman hadextremely difficult if not impossible tic experience you will have visiting not yet surrendered his license to thewhen it comes to prosecuting them, if Jordan, here is a photo of Martha FCC, he was still eligible to run for Blackburn, the wife of Blackie SCM.it ever comes to that. Another group has been trying to JY9BB, with lin (my wife) , eating atmake headway via the route of point· the beautiful and clean restaurant at FCC LIMITATIONSing out that it is unconstitutional for Karak with the head of the boy 's club A letter from a reader out inthe IRS, which is part of the executive and Hisham JY5HA . Arizona told about how he had gonebranch of the government, to confis- to a tot of trouble to direction findcate property without going through and smoke out qui te a bu nch of illegalthe judicial branch of the govern- CBers (are t here any legal ones left?)ment. . .with no court order, etc. The an d tu rned their names, addresses,fact that t he protesters appea r to be psuedonyms and car license p lateclea rly righ t has not yet enabled t hem numbers over to th e FCC. He sugto win. Chal k up one more to t he gested that o ther co ncerned amateursincred ible power of the IRS...even d o li kewise .the United States Const it u tion has not From New Mexi co anot he r readerbeen able to stop t hem. wrote to tell us that the ama teursOne of the majo r problems with th ere had also bec ome co nce rned withregard to tax revolt is t hat it depends We have some late news fro m inte rference to radi o commu nica tio nsentirely upon little peop le and they Amman ... it seems t hat th e repeater on the sheriff's frequencies. This con-don't have the resources to put up I brought over in June and helped set sisted of jammi ng, profane languagemuch of a fight . The big corporations up has been popular and a second and attempts to misguide or confuselike the present system. . .after all, repeater is being installed. Quite a few officers. When it was proposed to thethey don't .have to pay much in taxes, hand transceivers have been pur- FCC inspector, he told them theyso why should they rock the boat? chased, so activity will be increasing were spinning their wheels, and even ifThe big load is on the middle inco me there . (Contin ued on page 12)FEBRUARY 1974 3

WH EATON SWAP & SHOP The Wheaton Commun ity Radio Amateurs (WCRA I will hold their 12th Annual Midwin ter Swap and Shop on Sunday . February 10, at the DuPage Cou nty Fairgrounds Wheaton I L. Hou rs are 8 A M to 5 PM . T ickets $1 50 advance; $2 .00 at th e door. Two buildings agai n th is year and IN- ARC unlim ited park ing. Bring y our own 'A. tables. Free co ffee and donuts 9:00 - The LaPorte IN, Amateur Radio 9:30 AM . For more information and The Ha m burgla rC lub wil l ho ld its annual advance t ick et s contact : L. O. Shaw W90K E, 433 S. Villa Ave.• Villa Park STRIKES AGAIN!Swaotest-Auction on February 10. I L 60 18 1. Advance t icket orders must be postmark ed no later th an Febru ary Li.t Irom Pa.II ........: Ow ner I .~1974, inside the LaPorte Civic 3, 1974, MI, .• Model. Se<. No.Auditorium. beginning at 1DAM ;auction beginning at 1 PM . Talk -in SOUTH E RN TIE R FEST AF68 No. 10888 K5LK L >/73w ill be on .9 4 Sim plex and 22/82 . For Th e 15 t h Annual H am f est WA2 ZBV 1/7 3further in fo rmation con tact : A lan PMR 8 No. 1091 8Rutz WA9GKA, R.R.2, P. O. Box M1070 pwr .upply Trio TR 2200 No. 2 41969410, LaPo rte IN 463 50 . INTERCITY AUCTION sponsored by the Sou thern Tier Arne- clew 22.. No . 1900-578 W10 HP 2173 teur Radio Club, is scheduled f or 2:00 The Intercity Radio Club annual PM, March 30, 1974, at St. John's Standard 826M.No. 1 12007 WAO'CG 3173auction will be held Friday Febru ary Ukranian Hall , Johnson City NY. Ad- mission to lect ures and flea market is FM27B No , 27013-11 41 W2lNI <731, at the Naval Reserve Training f ree; awards and excellent dinner, FM-144-10l No . F4S9 WA6WOA .nJ $6.00. For t ick ets o r f urther i nforrna-Center on Ashland Road. Doors open tion wri te to STAR C, P.O. 80x 11 , NPC 107 m pwr ...pplyat 6 PM. Look , swap, buy at 7:30 PM. Endicott NY 13760. Ad vance tick etNo flea fees o r commissio n charged. sales only by March 27. 1974. 2. 5AJ IPL O\"\"ro Gen.,Au ction at 8 PM Eat s. Donat ion of No. 327885$ 1 at th e door. For mo re in f ormation PLAYGROUND SWAPFESTw rite KBJP F. 120 Homewood. The Playground Amateur Radio R4B No. 11578G WA8GV K 6nJMansfield OH 44906 . Club of Fort Walton ueach F L. T4 XB No. 17801 G announces the Fourth Annual North W4 wattmete. No. 8390 CU Y A H OGA FALLS A UCTI ON Flo rida Swapfest to be held on March Swaro 250 No. F 1548 06 3 1. 1974, from 3 AM to 5 PM at the The Cu yahoga Falls Radio Club Com mu nity Center located on U.S. Swa ro ae pw< . ... p. No. 0 653556 .proudly announces the annual High way 98 in th e down to wn BeachCuyahoga Falls Radio Clu b Auction area. T ick ets and details are available HR -2 No. 04 C287 9 W6GSR 6/73to be held Friday , February 22. at t he f rom th e P.A.R .C., P. O. Box 873.United Elec t ronics Insti t utde Build Fort Walton Beach F L 32548 . $8·34 No. 211828inq, 1225 Oplen Ave., Cuyahoga Fall sOH. Hours are 7 PM to 11 PM. Flyers WOODWARD SWAP FEST STO B26 No. 011 268 WA2FSD 6173bearing more details are avai lable f rom The Great Plains Amateur RadioTom Carroll WA8ZG L, Cuyah oga Club of Woodwa rd OK, is happy to HT220 No. GJ7327 Stale Urol¥. 6173Fall s RA dio Club, P. O. Box 106. annou nce its second annual wood -Cuyahoga FAlls OH 44222. ward Hamfest-Swapfest will be held 01 NY IAlb¥ovl on March 30·31 , 1974. The event w it! TOLEDO A UCT ION be held at th e Woodward County Y....... fT -l 01 W,\" ' 7/73 Fairbuildin g in Woodward. For mo re No. BlG 12279 iCW On Saturday. March 9 , 1974, the information contact : T yl er L. Todd HR -2 N.J . 0302030Toledo Mobi le Radio A ssociation willhold it s 19th annual amateur radio Clew 27B No . 720 13-1068 W3BXL 7m/73sauctio n at th e Lucas Coun ty Hecrea- se . B26MA No , 2080]8t ion Center in Maumee OH. For mo re W820EWinf ormat ion contac t : Barry C. Leeper, Orake ML 2 No. 10582 W3 MSN 6nJ1811 Wellsley o-, To ledo OH 43606. Tektro....cs 45 3 Scope W82FZU 'nJ 12/ 73 So..... FR 25 28 No. 21 -42!>O Uo\"'~ se. Ire·85 1 SH No. 9 7 25 se . Ire·707C No 2833 TP L PA-6 -IOE No, 109 2 RP MEA22 No. 212 Two L..r~ ro an ten...... Swan 270 No. 1.4 252616 W4NTB 12' 73 Std. orc-146A No _208070 W70KB 12/73 Marker Lux ury No . 2296 W7BVP/ 6 V\" VIRGINIA aso PARTY FOREST VIEW FEST WA5YQP , Hamfest Promo t ion Chair- man, P. O. Box 893 . Woodward OK Th e For est V iew ARC Hamfest w ill 73801.be held on Sunday, February 3. atForest View High School, 2 121 M IOWINTER SWAP The V irginia QSO Party , sponsoredGoebert Road, A rl ington Heights, Des by the Sterli ng Park Amateur RadioPlaines I L, fr om 8 AM t o 5 PM. The Tri-County AR C Midwinter Club, will be held from 1800 GMTFeatures include f ree parking, all in- Swap f est is March 10, 9 AM t o 5 PM , March 9, t o 0200 GMT March 11 ,door facili ties, f ood and ref resh ment at the National Guard Armory , White- 1974. For further informatio n con-stand, manufact urer 's display and a water WI. $ 1 advance, $1.50 at t he tact : Don Wi les W4l ML , 9801brand new Drake TR ·22 for a door door (additional $1 reserves one d is- L o m ond Dr., Manassas, Vi rginiaprize. Bring gear t o swap , sell or play table). Advance tickets eligible 22110.auction. Talk-in on .94. Advance for special prize. Talk -in on .94. Re-registration $1 .50 or $2.00 at the freshments, free parki ng. everythi ngdoor. For advance reservations or indoors. f or t ickets and deta ils con-more information write to Tony tact : Dan Servais WA9AJW, Rt . 4,Mazzeffi WB9G EC, 490 Easy St., Des P.O. Box 309AA. Elkh orn WI 53 12 1.Plaines I L 600 16 . T el, 414 -723 -2227 , SAS E,4 73 MAG AZI NE

sr-c 826MA .. Rear panel test jacks for complete Tx and Ax metering and discr iminator -- output for crystal netting; Input for externa l tone burst and Touchtones: Provision for external speaker. Conservative 10 Watt tra nsmitter with an effective IDC circuit to main- tain narrow band devi ation ( +5KHz) for l od ay's repeater s; Au tomatic current Control and final protection against high VSWR. __ Pro vision for front panel sel ect- able \"Private Channel\" tone coded squelch (CTCSS) on both receive and tran smit. Trip le tuned recei ver \"Heli ca l Resonators\" for maximu m interrnod- ulation interference rejecti on. Built-in speaker. The heart of a quality rad io -a commercial grade receiver featuring Front-end MOS- FETS and a highly sel ective 9 section ceramic I.F. filter -neces sary for toda y's active 2 Meter band ; Reserve audio for noisy environ ment s. ,.....:::,.. Ind ividual \" Netting\" capacitors on both Tx and Rx crystals ; 12 channel pr ovis ion with popular channel s 94 /94 , 34 /94, 16/7 6 and 52/52 included ; Easy access to crystal deck through \"sna p-o pe n\" trap door. TouchloneS -lrademark 0 1 A.T.&T. Co.ASTROPOINT = TOTAL PERFORMANCESTANDARD 's \"ASTROPOIN T\" system PC boards used thro ugho ut, backed bygives the no comp romise performance our 6 month warranty. INSIST ONfor the active amateur, unlike the claim s TOTAL PERFORMANCE - INSIST ONmade by the \" cheapies .\" Don 't be STANDARD .misled by gimmicks or gadgets- it's The 826MA co m es co m p let e wi thwhat' s in s ide that co unts. Re liable, microph one, m ou nting bra cke t s, 4solid state c ircuitry and Glass-Epoxy channel s and li n e filter.For detaile d info rmation on th e 826 MA, the complete Standard line and the name 01your nea rest dealer write: 213/835-3134 • 639 North Marine Avenue, Wilmington, Cal ifornia 90744 5FE8RUARY 1974

AMSAT ORBITAL INf ORMATION HAM Orbit Date Time longi tude of Eq. (GMT! Crossing OW (Fob.! NEWS 5927 1 0002.4 HELP48.3 2 0057.3 Mike Frye WBBLBP 5940 62.0 3 0152.2 75.8 640 Dauville Dr. 5953 4 0052.2 75 .8 This column is for those need ing 74.5 he lp in obtaini ng their amateur radio Dayton OH 45429 5965 5 0 147.1 59.5 license. 6 0047.0 73.2AM5AT Exp ands OSCAR 6 Operating 5978 7 0142.0 58.2 If you are interested, send 73 yourSched ule 5990 8 0041 .9 7 1.9 name , address and phone nu mbe r. 56.9 Don't be bashfu l - remember, it 's AMSAT has announced a change in 6003 9 0136.8OSCAR 6's operating schedule. effec- 60 15 70.6 always easie r when you have someonetive December 1 the new schedule is: 10 0036.8 6028 55.6 to give you that added bit o f con- 60 4 0 11 01 3 1.7 69.3 fide nce. 6053 12 0031.6 13 0 126.6 54.3 73 would appreciate amateurs and 6065 14 0026.5 15 0 121.4 68.1 clubs looking this list over and helping 6078 16 0021.4 53.0 whoever they can. Do you remember 6090 66.8 when you needed help? 17 01 16.3 6103 51 .8 18 0016.2 6115 6128 6140Thursdays, Saturdays, Mondays (GMT 6153 \" 0111.2 65.5 Ardeth Lawson 6 165 1317 Scoville Ave.,days) - Satellite repeater ON for com- 6178 20 0011.1 50.5 Pom ona, Californiamunications during south-to-north 6190 64.2 91767 6203 21 0106.0 64.2passes only (same as presen t). These 6215 Davy Rinkerascending node passes occur in the 6228 22 0006.0 62.9 10961 S.W. 121st St.late afte rnoon and evenings. 6241 47.9 Miami fL 33156Tuesd ay s, Friday s, Sundays (GM T 6253 23 0 100.9 61.6 251 ·6503days) - Beginning Dec. 2, the repeater 6266 24 0000.8 75.4will be ON during north-to-south 25 0055.7 60.4 74 .1(local morning) passes, primarily for 26 0 150.7 27 0050.6 28 0 145.5use in educational demonstrations. Allen Reed Telemetry data witl continue to be 808 Oliver SI.taken on the reference orbits, i.e.. This month I am including a sum- Gastonia NC 18052about 5-15 minutes after the first mary of the AMSAT·OSCAR 6 Users 867-6532equatorial crossing of each Greenwich List, as a commemorative to the 1816 Eric Will ia ms amateurs in 74 countries who made 410 Woodland Dr.day. successful GSO's through OSCAR 6 Sa nta Cruz CA 95066 du ring t he first year of its operation. 408·353-3 142 AMSAT is expecting greatly in - Th is list indicates the high interest andcreasing temperatures d uring the nextfour mo nths, and this new operatingschedu le is intended to prevent the ded icat ion of ama teurs throughout Thomas G. Valosin RD I. Warrior Wayba ttery from overcharging and over- t he worl d who have worked lo ng and Middleburgh NY 12122heat ing durin g this critical period. hard in achieving their goal. 518-8274800 Total USA, 737 (40%1 Rodney Patches R.D. I, Boll. 78 Total Outside USA: 1079 (60%1 Lebanon PA 17042 Total Countries; 74 717-9 49-6552 Total Stations: 1816 -- 1025 confirmedRanking of AMSAT·OSCAR 6 Users by Cou ntry on a Per-Amateur Capita ~N\"'VElINGBasis (As of Oct. 15, 1973 ). 0<::) ~Rank Country Total Amateurs OSCAR 6 Percentage of ham s Users using OSCAR 6 '.)<:) 0t;:)1 New Zealand 4 ,6 41 70 1.5% un2 Australia 6,461 85 1.3% Joe Kasser3 Finland 2, 0 0 0 23 1.1 5% 1701 East ·West Highway, A p r. 2 054 France 7,500 81 1.1 % Sil ver Spring M D 209 105 Sweden 4 ,4 0 0 44 1.0%6 Czechoslovakia 2,070 20 0.97% Th is month we shall take a look at 2m FM activity along a narrow strip7 W_ Germany 20,380 168 0.82% of road between Wash ington and Cleveland OH. Leaving Washington8 England 16,837 113 0.67% and driving up 1·70s the 31191 and9 Japan 14,576 90 0.61 % 28/88 Washington area repeaters are10 Canada 12,892 57 0.44% easily workable. A few miles up the ro ad the 13/73 mac h ine on a11 Italy 6.000 24 0.4% mo u ntain i n Frederick MD is available. It has an extremely wide12 USA 282,850 737 0.26% ran ge. The nex t repeater is the 34/94 machine in Hagerstown. Now up to,3 USSR 15,085 30 0.20%, 4 Argentina 17,500 22 0.13% Total: 1564 (86% of all OSCA R users) . . . WB8 LBP6 73 MAGAZINE

the Pennsy lva nia Turnp ike and along hear from you so that I can pass on control o peration be continued),it to Pittsb urgh. Stay on 94 or 52. the information to any p rospective illega l use of li near amp lifiers in openAlt hough snatches o f activi ty can be visitors to your area. Afte r a ll sp ring is de f ia nce of p o w er limitations,heard o n 76, there does not appea r to o n its way, and in sp ri ng a you ng outrageo us disregard of identi ficat ionbe anyth ing with in range. There is man's fancy is supposed to turn requ ireme nts and p rocedu res, totalactivi ty o n 94 both from passersby to ... fl o ut ing of prescribed sta ndards ofand from the locals. Also you never d ecency in content and context ofkn ow, you may be warned of bac ku ps G3ZCZwell ahead of ti me and be able to get comm un ications, and many othe roff the rest ricted access highway in LEAKY LINES perfectly o bvious violations wh ich are now so widesp read in CB operations.t ime. David Man n K2AGZ Any idea that these evi ls would Pittsbu rgh has repeaters on 19/79, Daniel Lane a utomat ica lly vanish with this f re q u ency c ha nge, would be28/88 and 37/97. The majority o f the Kinnelon NH 07405 un realistic indeed.users on the 37/9 7 mach ine are theKDKA gang. And a friendly c rowd It need not even be stated, b ut Th e most glarin g p roblem lies in th et hey were when I wo rked them as I a lmost every single amate ur is aghast appa rent inability of the FCC topassed through the area last Tha nks- at the prospect of th e un warranted po lice the presentl y alloca ted Citizensgivi ng weekend. The city repeaters are proposal to grant a significant po rtion Band , due to a lack o f fundi ng and aa bit spotty along the tu rn pike, b ut of o ne of o ur VHF bands to a group shortage o f adequate manpower to doca n be .read llv wo rked fo r quite some of id lers and d illetantes who have the job. Unqu estio nably, th ere is gooddista nce. demonstrated little or no qu al ification reason t o think that there is as much for its stewa rdship. This group, (wi th (or mo re) di re need of stiff A li ttl e furth er alo ng the 25/8 5 so me excep tio ns, of cou rse, but not enfo rcement on th is band than onrepeater at Beaver Valley comes into many ), has demonstrated over and almost any other slice of FCCrange. It has its best coverage between ove r again th at it is un fi t to be admin istered spectru m space. In fact,ex its 3 and 4 in t he big city area and is entrusted with so p recious a resource. the p ro blem of repeater vio lat ions onlocated near ex it 2. Crossing th e bor - Their record of lawlessness and CB has become exacerbated in d irectder into Ohio the 3 1/9 1 You ngstown irresponsibility is a gl aring matter of proportion to t he CBe r's growin gmach ine is heard at good strength as it public knowledge. It is perhaps aware ness that t he Comm ission isis a new o ne on 37/97. When I passed regrettable th at the few responsible eit he r un able o r unwil ling to deal withthrough they were testing it , ru nning and conscientious ind ivid ua ls among the m as severely as the regulati ons callabo ut 3 watts at a low site (o ne of t he them must bea r the onus and st igma for. What, we'd like to kn ow, makesQT H's o f o ne of t he gro up's mem- brought about by the iniq uit ies and t he FCC think that when this bedlambers). It was workable fo r a good 30 mi sdeeds of the many. But the piain shifts over to 220, it's going to getmiles. Just wait u nti l they get th at truth is th at the 11 meter band which better?th ing u p in th e air! they have been occu pying for some fifteen yea rs, and wh ich was taken How, just for a f'rinsta nce, could Cleveland has three repeate rs. The away fro m amateurs in a sim ilar way the Com mission emplo y sanct ions or 16/76 machine is PL or tone co n- (and for similar reasons as those now penalt ies against th ose n umb erlesstr o lled to avoid G RM from Detro it cited), is as rife wit h lawlessness as a statio ns which are being operatedMI. The 28/88 and 34/94 repeate rs dark st ree t in any cri me -infested city without any licenses at al l? Th ere haveare o pen to anyone. slu m. been vario us est imates conce rning this, and appare ntly it ru ns into 2m FM seems' to be great fo r The vio la tors far outn umber the astro nomical proportio ns. CB licensesdriv ing vacat ions o r trips of any k ind . law-abidin g users, at least so far as cos t a great dea l of money, and if theyMost operators are very friend ly to the ir noti ceable p resence on th e air is ca n o perate clandestinely , why shou ldstrangers and will ing to pass out help- concerned, and there is little reason to the Comm ission expec t them tofu l an d useful info rma tion to sup pose tha t a mere transposition to comply with the law? Th is istravelers. Some will even call u p you r another band wo uld ca use any espec ially t rue in cases where illicitfriends or relat ives o n t he landli ne and si gnificant change, eithe r in attitude use is t h e ru le .. .peop le usinginform them that you have arrived in of co ntempt toward regulations, or in ident ifyin g names like Pussy cat, theto wn and that you ca n be expected excessively poor operating practices. Swamp Rat, the Rambling Red skin,shortly. Th ey will even dial up the Alligato r Pete, and Sam the Man?au topatch for you if the rep eater is so Th e so le w or th wh il e Th ey may be forced to stop theirequ ipped. accomplish ment o f th is cha nge wo uld DXing due to th e fo rced change to a be the elimi nation of t he skip grou nd wave band, but they will find However, driving through the rush co nd ition wh ich contributes greatly to some othe r way to operate illegall y,hou r to wo rk in your home to wn and th e most persistent violat io n catego ry. fo r that is apparently the way th ey getlisten ing to the repeater is anoth er But thi s wo uld cu t off only one the ir \"jollies.\" The move to 220 willstory. In ma ny p laces it is impossi ble o ppo rtu nity to fl out th e regulat ions n ot fos te r a ny apprec iab leto get a wo rd in edgeways. What's the which govern th e Citizens Band. There imp rovement. would st ill remain many a reas openmatte r, more repeaters? At o ne time for co nt inued infractio ns, and the re is It an amateur operator, th roughone Detro it group figured o ut t hat the virtually no justification t o imagine rep eated violations, is deemed by thenu mber o f use rs o n th eir repeate r was t ha t the y wo ul d stop t he i r FCC to be an incorrig ible case, he issuch that everyone was entitled to ten misbehavior. The re would sti ll be su mma rily dep rived of his ticket, per-minutes a day an d any o ne exceeding antenne-he lqht infractions, use o f haps fi ned , and may even face imp ris-his allotment was gently remin ded of unauthori zed V FOs (should crystal c nment. There is a record on file of h is identity and h is whereabou ts.that fact by the other use rs. After a Also, he is req uired to know andwhile the repeate r began to re ma in unde rstand th e regulations, for th ereid le wi th everybody liste ning ra the r is a body of questions relat ing to th isthan tra nsmitti ng and QSO's between subject matter in the exam wh ich he istwo stations were kept short. Perhaps req uired to pass in order to obtai n histhat sort of time division usage maycome into vogue. (Contin ued on page 97) What is the coverage of your localrepeater like? I'd very much li ke toFEBRUA RY 19 74 7

not cou nt. Since th ese rul es we re MHz Band s. 2 points per contact on p ublished, it h as come to our the 28.0 MHz Band , can be utili zed on atte ntio n t hat a few o ther countries each Ba nd. J n add ition to the AR RL also require id entifi cation o f SSTV Cou ntries t he W call areas W0 to W9 t ransmissio n on aud io (Aus t ralia is a and VE Call areas from VO to VE7.Dave Ingram K 4TWJ good example). Although I have no t The same Co nti nen ts and Cou nt ry yet clea red this with Professor Fan ti, are only valid o nce o n each Band . TheRte. II, Box 499, Eastwood Vii. 50N I' m su re t hose countries will also be same station can only be wo rked onceBirmingham AL 35210 One of the biggest innovatio ns in exerro t from the SSTV on ly clause. o n each ba nd (Max 5 contacts) duringSSTV, the Direct Slow to Fast Scan (Obviously we don' t want anyone Contest pe riod.Digita l converter, is slowly but surely getti ng cltetlonsl) Remember I will be 5} SCORINGapproaching reality and 19 74 may be tallyi ng U.S. logs and sending the Total exchange points mu ltipliedt he year fo r it . Although this is a scores o n to Franco , so tha t we (73 by t he mul tiplier to tal.many year project, it is growing in a Magazine) can issue ce rtificates to t he 61 SECTIONSn u m b e r of steps , which has top U.S.A. contenders. My dead line is a) Entran ts t ransmi tting andaccelerated its development, and there March 10 , so I will have time to mai l receiving video.is a possibility that a prototype may the results on to Franco , whose b) Entrants rece iving vi deo o nly. deadline is the 20th. I wish you all the Fo r t h is purp ose the same generalbe displayed at Dayton thi s April.Basicall y the conversion process best of luck in the contest , and would rules apply and the same sta tionsconsists of reading a digitalized copy like to hear you r comments and hea rd is valid o nce o nly on each Band.of the complete Slow Scan TV video opinions when you send in your logs, A separate results ta ble will beframe into computer memory ICs, and along with any pictures you might made for each of these two classes o fthen playing back the picture at a high lend fo r use in this column . Watch fo r entry.speed into a regular TV receiver. these \"results and comments\" in a few 71 LOGSMemory capacity requirements for mo nths! Logs should co ntai n: Date, Time ofth is u nit are large, (between 100,000 Another weather satellite was contact (GMT), Band in u se, Call sign,and 200,000 bits) and previous placed into sun sy nch ronous orbit Report ( RSTl sent and rece ived . Serialmemory cost of 1 or 2 cents per b it during November, and was due to nu mbers sent and received, p oin ts.have made t his unit too expensive for begin operation by mld -Januarv . The multipliers and final sco re.t he average ham ($2000). Recently, sate llite is termed NOAA·3 and is Although not essential, it wo uld behowever, these chips have begun to capa ble o f Auto ma tic Picture apprecia ted jf entrants cou ld enclose ashow up on t he surp lus ma rket as Transmi ssio n, t hus hopefu lly replacing cover sheet wit h a short description of the dying NOAA-2 satell ite. I\"seconds\" at approx imately 5/ 100 understa nd it will u se t he same th e Sta tio n (With photo if possible)ce nts per bi t, t hus lowering memory fre q u e nci e s as N OAA·2. More together wit h any comments on thecost to between $35 and $50. Addi ng Co n t e s t . informatio n on th is as it becomesto this t he support ICs and addit ional ava ila ble. All ent rants are kind ly requested top arts gives an approximate ove rall cost re p o r t on any ser ious Contest RULESof $200. The scan converter will wo rk irregularities, e.g. Exchanges in oth ersomethi ng li ke t his: Th e first 8 second Th e I t al ian Ma ga z ine C O modes.SST V p ict ure will load t he memory Hettronlca and 73 Magazine tak es For entrants in t he b. Classificati onu nit, then during t he second 8 second p leasu re in annou ncing th e 4th it is only necessary to record theperiod t his will read out at Fast Scan Worldwid e Slow Scan Televi si on message of the statio n heard .rates into a regular big, bri ght TV. A Contest. Th e purp ose of thi s Contest Se nd U.S. logs to:f rame hold switch can be used for is to promo te increased interest in the Dave Ingram K4TWJcontin ually reading a p ictu re out of SSTV mode of operation as used byt he me mo ry wh ile the t ransmitt ing Rad io Ama teu rs. BI RU LES OF BE HAV IOR AN Dstatio n describes that particular 1) PERIOO OF CONTEST PENALISATIONp ictu re. Succeeding phases of the scan Pa r t 1: 150 0-2200 GM T on The Logs must be compiled inconve rte r will inclu de image Feb ruary 9th, 1974. accorda nce wit h th e Rules listed inen hancement (averaging ou t the no ise Pa rt 2: 070 0-1400 GMT on sectio n 7 . Th e contacts must be madecompo ne nt by integrating the Feb ruary 10th, 1974 . by means o f the SST V mode and it isincomi ng video with the video already 2) BANOS no t permitted to use another mode ofreceived and stored), color SSTV All authorised freque ncies within transmission either before, durin g or(color frames loaded sequentially into the 3.5·7.0·14.0-2 1.0 and 28.0 MHz afte r the exchange of t he message bymemory , then played back all at once bands. Slow Scan Television .into the home color TV set! plus some 31 MESSAGES During the Con test it is ex pectedother \" st unts.\" Those present working Messages will consist of : Exchange t hat Amateu rs will observe t heon the converter include W0LMB, of pictures and also included are al fu ndamental rules of cou rtesy andW9NT P and W6MXV. Our thanks to the call sign : bl report (RST) : 31 serial good operating du ring contacts.W0LM D for the previous information. number. Failure to observe any of th e aboveThe 'joint\" Worldwide Slow Scan The serial number must start at 001 Rules will result in the exclu sion ofcontest is coming up on the 9th and and is increased by one for each the ent ry from th e final resu lts and10th of this month (see following successive contact during the period any such Lo gs received will berules fo r specific details) and activity of the Contest and the serial number considered as check Logs.promises to be good . The contest is is irrespective of the Band(sJ used. All Logs received become th escheduled a little earlier this year to Exchange must be made exclusively property of t he Edition CO and willavoid conflict with other major with the SSTV mode. Fo r the \" W\" are not be retu rn ed.contests. Furth er, the U.S. is exempt accepted t he FCC Ru les. The decision of the organisingfro m video only contacts, however a 4 1 EXCHANGE POINTS ANO Commi ttee in any d isp ute will be finalSlow Scan picture containing the call MU LTI PLI ER an d any subsequ ent controversysign , rep ort and OSO number mus t be a) Contact score 1 poin t per ca nnot be referred to th e Civ il Co urt .exchanged . Audio o nly co ntacts do contact o n the 3.5, 7.0, 14. 0, 28.0 K4TWJB 73 MAGAZINE

• 15800 cornmet'ce pork d rive, tromcs brook parX. ohio 44142L-J:: orporatJ

50 MHz BAND ship (at 52 .001 and receiving t he club ~ CONTEST~S~ newsletter and ce rtificate should con- Bill Turner WAQABI tact the secretary , Ray mond J . Tom DiBiase WBBKZD Schmidt WA9 FXT, 1450 Windsor Five Chestnut Court Circle , Carpentersville IL 60110 708 6th A venue Sf. Peters MO 63376 S teubenville OH 43952WA 1EXN wo rked a short au rora Fe b. 9 -1 0 Ten-Te n International Net Contestthe 12t h of November, only 3'5 were Feb. 23-2S Vermont 050 Partyactive during the 30 minute opening. Mar.9-10 Worldwide VHFArt is look ing for scatter con- Activitytacts - he remarks of having worked Apr. 12- 15 Cou nter Hunters sseKBLEE and WB4YAB but ''Where Co n t e s t Ap r. 20-22 Zero Dist rict QSO Partyhave all the scatter stations gone? THIS MONTHHear K8MMM occasionally on Te n-TenSunday . KBBBN is consp icuous by his International Net Contest Starts OOOOZ Feb. 9 , ends 2400Zabse nce,\" Feb. 10. Exchange name, QTH, andPaul K 1TO L was active f rom Lewi s- lOX or. Score 1 pt. for each memberton, Maine during December before The boom 10 element clamp of the new contacted, 1 extra pt. if OX member,retu rning to UCL A to fi nish u p his Y l-XYL, or Cha pter Head. A c oropri-masters degree . His father (K1GPJ) KLM six meter antennas. The aluminum is ate awa rds . Logs go to Grace Du nlapwill be operating the SB-l10A and aU 606 3-T832, the hardware stainless steel. K5MRU , Contest Manager, Box 445, La Feria, Texas 78559 , and must bemodified 58 -200 for a while (beard KLM Elec tro n ics, 1600 Decker received by Mar. 15 , 19 74 . SASE fo r resul ts.Paul working WB4V LH around 0345Z Avenue, San Martin CA 95046 manu- Vermo nt 050 Partythe 12th). fac tu res two versions of the Oliver Fro m 2 100Z Feb . 23 to 0100ZLate November and early December Swan bandpass antenna desi gn. Avail- Feb . 25. Stations may be wo rked once per band/mo de. Frequ enc ies are 3685,b ro ught several openings t o the able in 8 and 1 1 eleme nt versio ns, 39 09, 3932, 7060, 7290 , 14060, 14290, 14325, 2 1060, 2 137~. 281 00,Misso uri area. November 26th heard the se a n te n n as a re made of 28600, 50260, 50360 , 14 4-1 44.5, 145.8. Out-of-sta te stations score 3and/or wo rked W1GAO, W5TDZ, 6063-T8 32 alumi num wit h st ainl ess pts. per VT OSO and multip ly by total Vt. counties worked on eachW B2 PSV , K2 LC K. K1 ZFE and steel hardwa re. The booms are 2 \" in ba nd. Vermont stations score 1 p t. per QSO and multiply by total A RRLWAl ILN. The last two were making d iame ter, th e eleme nts %\", The fre- sectio ns and cou nt ries worked. Ex-t he most of new S8E S8·S0·s. The quency range is 4 9.5 to 52.5 with a change QSO nr.. RS/T an d ARRL27t h worked WA4GM, the 29th max imum VSWR of 1.15:1. The sect io n (Cou nty for Vermon t ). Send logs wit h SAS E before Mar. 3 1 toWA1EXN, K2 LCK again plus others. impedance in both cases is 50n Peter Kragh, W1AYK, 170 Summit Ave., Ramsey NJ 07446 .December 9th worked WA0V PY. balanced . Other specifications are as ...W88KZD8 ruce in Sioux Falls, heard K2ZYX foUoINS :(working WAS RBI) , W82DN E, Ronald Pitt' KH6H FJ . wins t he QS L Contes t t his mon th . Pictu red onWA2SAZ and o thers. Gain over isotro pic 8 e le. 11 ele. t he right o f his card is t he Haleak ala WB2K LD writes that he is back on Crater. On the left are the West Maui Boom le ngt h 14.3 16 .3 Mountain s, th e Pacific Ocean and the6m fo ll owing an abse nce o f five years. 30' Kealia Fish Pond where t he Humunu -Tom is ru nn ing a Swa n 250 with an 3 dB po ints 18 ' 3 \" kuhapuhaha love to swim. You tooFET preamp and five elements at 69S' 0 can win a one year subscription to 731AMSL and monitors SO_1 10 dai ly Weigh t 240 21 Send your QS L to: QS L Contest, Pr ic e, 12 1bs 27 1bs 7 3 Magazine, Peterbo rough NH 03458 . Fo .O.B. San Martinfrom 0730-0830 and 2 130-2300 F.O. B. San Martin $55.95 $89.95local. Tom is looking for schedules,tropo or scatter. You may contact WAMHIhim at RD No.1 Warrior Way,Middleburgh NY 121 22 . The Six Meter Inter natio nal Radio QSLKl ub, \"SMI RK,\" has bee n establ ishedb y W5Q D8, K5 ZM S, K5H VC, CONTESTKSOOJ , WASC BT and KSWIB in aneffort to increase band ac tivity. Thegroup plans to issue a membership AIoh, Fromcertificate and publish a newsletter.Fo r details contact WSQDB. KH6HFJ Another club with similar aims is\"SPECM,\" the Society fo r t he Preser-vation and Encouragement of SixMeters. As t h e name impli es, t heo bjec t is to keep Six ac tive andencou rage more hams to try ou r firstlove. The club ho ld s its mee t ings on50. 12S at 9 pm Central time Sundayevenings, in the event of a contest orba nd open ing the frequency is shiftedto SO.150. All stations, AM, SS8, andFM are welcome to check in. Atp resent the membersh ip includes hamsin Illi nois, Wisconsin, Michigan andIndi ana. Those interested in mem be r-10 73 MAGAZINE

EQU IPMENT FROM 73 GE~ER'\L ELECTRIC TPI,. 80 watt The fol lowing list of gear unless 2m w ith PL, 5175. RCA Supercarfone otherwise noted, consists of brand 450 MHz , $ 195. Both are solid -sta te new equipme nt purchased for testing except for final s and are in excellen t purp oses only. Some have been tested, cond it ion. Robert Bli ss, Jr., 1440 some remain unopened in ori ginal La k eview Ave., M inneapolis MN cartons. We are offering this gear at a 55416.P\" ce - 52 pI\" 25 word. 10 ' no,,-<:omme,ci al considerable discount on a first-c ome- H A I. LlCR A FT ER HT32A, mint withads ; $ 10 per 2 5 wo'd s l o' b u s,,,es, ve\"Tu'n. No fi rst-served basis. Please send Money man ual , W1JSS. 6 17·762·5252. Orders or Cert ified Checks only to 73d,splay ad. 0 ' agency d 'seo u n l . Inclu de y Ou , Magazine, Peterborough NH 03458. TEKTRO:\' lX OSCILLOSCOI'E-53 1Ac~k ... ,t h 0 ,d9<\" . Cap Com 4QM solid state sse xcvr .Rack Mou n t with CA dual trace plug-~adlo\"e lor ado 's Ihe lsi of Ih e mon th IWO In, 15 MHz Bandw idth. Both mintmQnths p , io , to publocatlQn . Fo, e~amp le :Jan ue 'y h i 'I the d eadline for Ih e Ma,ch \" 'ue cond it ion , 5475. J . R. McNeil,6 17Awhich wi ll he ma iled o n The 10 t h 01 Februa,y . Groton CT, Dayton OH 45431.Type \" O()y . Ph,..... -..;l punctuate .... K tl y as $150.00 GLA UIJli\"C 25 with GE preamp, ally ou ....... ;ltO appea, . No 111 -<:\",,\"1'Mb . Gladding 12V power supply 560.00 crystals and p ad, 25 watt 2m FMWe .... ,11 be Ihe jUt9 o f sui l eb ,loty o f lid •. o u ', espo ns, b ,loly 10' e rr o , . e\" le\"d. only t o p ' in t- SBE Scanavision $650.00 transceiver, $150. Bill Montag, P. O.\"'9 e co rrec t l d in a 1. 11\" ,.sue . M id land 13509220 xcvr $200.00 Box 788 , Cologne NJ 08213.For $ 1 1'''''. we can \"\"\" n ta,n \" , e ply 00\" lor Tempo CL·220 220 xcvr 5200.00 609-296-447 11,~ . Clegg FM-21 220 scvr $255.00We ( ....\" 0 1 c he.:k im o \"Kh a dverl 'ser. so C.... eat T M E-H-LM U 16 channel rcvr $255.00 SELL : Heath S8-3 10 receiver w ithEmpIO' ... sao_oo best CW and sse filters and with Diqital logic-d ocks Wil son 7 eleme nt 10 and 15M beam SBA -31D-3 13 & 15m modif ication pick up only 5250.00 kit, all for 5200.• .Heath DX -60B W:jll er 60A powe r supply S10500 transmitter w ith extra final , for $50.FREE: 18 crystals of your choice Pic kering KB-l keyobard $200' 00 Bill Morse, 90 1 N. Halifax Apt. B.,with the purchase of a new GenaveGTX-200 at 5259 .95. Se nd cashier's Heath HWA-202-1 530 '00 D a y t on a Bea ch FL 3 20 18 .check or money order for same-dayshipme nt. For equally good deals on Heath HA-2022 amp li fier 570:00 904-253-8859D r ak e, Swan , Standard , Clegg, Regency , Hallicratters, Tempo, Ken- Gladding HI Scan $150.00 GREATEST of them all! That's thewood , Midland , Ten -Tee . Galax v,Hy -Ga in, Cush Craft, Mosley , Sony, Regency TMR-8-U Scanner $140.00 ARRL 1974 National Convention,and Hustler, w rite t o Hoosier Elec-t ronics, your ham headquarters in t he Temp o f mh chercer $25.00 sponsored by Hudson Ama teur Rad ioheart of the Midwest, Become one ofour many happy and sat isf ied cus- GTX-2 FM rcvr 5225.00 Council. Remember the dates - Julytomers. Write or call today for ourlow quote and t ry our ind ividu al, Newsome 2M KW ampl ifier 5350.00 19, 20, 21 at the Waldorf-Astoria,personal servi ce. Hoosier Electron ics,R,R. # 25, Box 403, Terre Haute, Heath rC-2009 calculator 590.00 New York City . Three days of ex-Indiana 47802. 813-894-2397 SBE 450 FM xcvr 5340.00 citing eventsl! Wide array of demon-WE n UY late model Coutns-Drak e- Mits 908M w/ac and case st rat ions, exhibits and f orums featur-Swan. Top prices, cash. A ssoc iated $130.00 ing latest in FM, SSTV , A TV, RTTY,RAdio, 8012 Conser, Overland Park,Kansas 66204 . Call : 913-38 1-5901 . Memory Matic 8000 S320.00 FAX , Satellites, Antenna design, Tran- I C-3D 5450.00 sis to rs, Integrated Circuits, OX, I C-60 $400.00 MA RS, ARPSC and mu ch more. RP Synthesizer MFA 22 $225.00 Something to do every excit ing AX 190 amateu r xcvr 5200.00 minute for YLs & XY Ls - Tours, New York sigh tseeing, visits to popu - Picker ing KB · l keyboard $200.00 lar T V shows, Parties, Fashion Shows. $480.00 Meet the ARRL President, Vlce-presi- FPM 300 sse rcvr dents, and all 16 Directors! Famous- name Speakers at Saturday Night Ban- SBE-450 FM xcvr 5340.00 quet! Everything for th e Non-Ham, GYX -200 (sli ghtly m odif ied) 5200.00 Heath 1B-l0l count er w it h Vanguard sca ler $250,00KLM AN Il MAlliSON ELEC· Standard SRC. 120/5 New Ham and Old T imer. For Info, power supp lyT RO~ ICS present the f inest in VHF $44.00 Contact : AR RL Convention, 303antennas. 144-148 MHz , 7 elements to T enafl y Road, Englew ood, N.J.16 elements; 9 elements 531.95; 14 07631. elements 545.95; 16 elements 549 .94; CAI.C ULATOR OW:\"ER S: Use your ANTIQUE RA DIO BUFFS . Do you 420-450 MHz, 14 elements, $ 19.95; +-x+ calculato r to compu te square 27 elements $41 .95. Wr ite for litera- roo ts, cube roots, sintx}, costx), need a schematic for your radio? For ture. Shipping ch arges coll ect either information send S.A.S.E. showing factory shipment or Houston stock . tantx] , arceinfx]. arccoslxl, arctantxl, make and model number. Joseph C. Madison Electronics, 1508 Mc Kinney, Crockett K3KU L, 762 S. Gulph Road, Houston TX 77002. 713-224·2668, logarithms, exponential s and more! King o f Prussia PA 19406. Nite/Weekend 7 13-497 -5683 Quickly , accurat ely, easily! Send to- day for t he IMPROVED AND EX- FO R SAl.E : Drake T4XB R4B, AC·4, OA YTOX II A:'tI \' E :\\"T IO~ expands t o PANDED EDI TIO N of the First and MS-4. Excellent condit ion with all three days April 26, 27, 28, 1974 at Best Calcu lator Manual - now in use cabl es and manuals, $750, shipped HARA ARENA and Exhib ition Cen- t hroughout t he world .. .only $2.00. po stpa id . J im Gysan W1VYB , ter . Brochures mailed March 15th. Unconditional money back gu arantee 617 -922 -3850.Write fo r inf ormat ion if you h ave not - and FA ST service! Mallmann Optics atte nded the last two years. P.O. Box and Electron ics, Dept. -E2, 836 PRI NT EIl C II\CU IT H CII·44 , Dayton, Ohio 4540 l. South 113, West Allis WI 53214 . NIQUES FD R THE H088YI ST. Fer· :'t-IITE UGC-41 TTY w it h spare case.end PC card s; 3 speed gears, brand ri c ch loride \"su spension Etch ing,\" cu tting epoxy glass, screen printing, etc ., BOOKLET 52.00. Trumbull , 833 Ba lra Dr., EI Cerrito CA 94530.new cond ition ; ST6 converter bu ilt \" I 1.0VE THE BA;\JO· · my latest VE H Y I NT ERESTI NG! Next 5 isuesf rom HAL kit, wide and narrowshift, 51. \" The Ham Trader \" , Sycamore, I Leurostart: all manuals; 5450 for pack - Stereo LP 36 tunes Dix ie to Classic 60178. (A sk about our \" H A M EQU IP-age; you pay sh ipping. W1BRJ, 7 banj o solo 54.95 PP. RicheHeu, T hePick wick , Marblehead MA 01945. ME NT BU YERS GUIDE\" covering617·631 ·1308. nr.Banjo Man, W9JS, 215 S. Washington, Receivers. Transmitters, Transceivers, Amplifiers 1945-74. Indlsoensablel ) Wheaton , 60 187.FEBRUAR Y 1974 11

(; \" I.,\\Y H.5:Wrec e iver , Mi nt. T unes 2 m ..\:\IPLIFIER, 1 watt in - 25 wa tts CO I. 1.1 ;\ S 10'01{ SALE; Comple te500 k Hz th rough 50 MHz con- o u t, $40; 10 wa tts in - 4 5 watts out, S -Line p urchased new in Dece mbert inuously . AM, CW, RTTY, SSB. Has 5 3 5. SASE fo r details. Griff K4IA E, 1972. Very ve ry rmn t conditio ns:.5, 2.1 and 6 k Hz filters. Noise 203A Branson St.. Chapel Hill , North 75S·3C, 32S·3A, 5 16F·2, 3 12B·4,blanker, Pict u re in most current h am Caroli na 2 75 14 . 3 0 L· 1, SM ·3 m ic. Receiver includesmagazines. $495 firm you ship. Bryan GOO D ~ EW ~ - T he S R RC Hamf est 200 Hz filter and MA RS crystals -Davidson, P.O. _ Box 11 9 , Salem, J u ne 2, 1974 at fabulous n @'IN site in cost t oday over 54000. Will sell com-Illinois 62881. 6 18-548·21888 Pr i n c e t o n , I ll i n o is Fa irgro u nds. plete package fo r 52 ,950. R. O . Lions S R RCIW9MKS, R FD No.1, Bo x 17 1,R-290 \\ITU \1:\~ UAI. $450. Eico K6ZWG17, 326 Morris Aven ue So., Oqlesbv. Illinois 6 1348.753 with ac supply 5 125. BAPEB·6 Ren tan WA 98055.eight level teletype punch 5BO. HT·32 \I0 BlU: I G'In o.'\ shielding gives BUY ·:-'El.l-TR:\U E. Wri te for mon th-with manual 51 00. W1GBO, North mo re ra nge, no noise. E'le ry t h ing ly ma iler. Give na me , address, callFa lmo uth MA 02556. from economical su ppressio n kits to le tters. Complete stock of ma jorFA\ PAPEI{; Fo r Desk -Fax. new (not custom shield ing. Litera ture. Este s brands, new and recond it ioned equip-su rplus), precut (not ro ll s), $ 15 per Engineerin g, 5 43-A West 184 th si.,t ho usan d sheets, postpaid worldwide. Gardena CA 90248. ment. Call us fo r best d eals. We b u yBill J ohn ston , 18 08 Pomo na , LasCruces, Ne w Mex ico 8800 1. ACTIVE IIA\l S - monthl y m a ile r of Collins, Drake, Swan, etc., SSB & FM. Assoc iated Podio . 8 01 2 Conse r, Ove r- recond it ioned and new equi pment speci als. Se ll _. Buy - T rade . Write: l and P a r k , Ka n s a s 66 204. 9 13·381·590 1 Associated Radio, 80 12 Co nse r, Over-i\"tlO'l'OHOLA pORT\" nU:S - Expe rt la nd Park, Kansas 66204 . T EC II .\ IA :\"' UA LS for Governmentrepairs, re asonable p ric es, fa st turn- C I.EGG 22('r 1\"1\1 with rep ea ter surpl us gea r, $6.50 e ac h : R-2 20 / U RR , R·274/FRR , R·390/URR , U RM ·25D,arou nd time. More d etail s and flat ra te c ry st als $295. Clegg 22er AM $297.catalog F REE. Id eal Services, 666 3 Mo re goodies. Send ad dress t o : Dale UR M·32, TT·63A1F GC, TS·382D/U ,Ind ustrial Lo op , Greend a le WI 531 29. Hut chin son WA9 KQ D, 824 Re ad USM· 16, BC·779B , TS-49 7B/UR R. STreet, Lock po rt IL 6 0 4 4 1. W3 IH D, 7218 Ro an ne Dri ve , Wash- Street, Loc kpo rt I L 6 044 1, ington, DC 20021. (Continued from page 3)he, as an FCC inspector, should walk MOBILE DXing confirmed a n d Bo b Ka pl a nin and find the violator in the act, the WA4WT G/M 4 is sixth wi th 150 con- As if it isn't difficult enough to fi rmed.FCC would be powerless to do any- rack up t he count ries, t here are a few masochists who are ma naging the feat There's only about fourteen memothing. He said that the only way the while operati ng mobile - on the order bers of the Mo bile Ce ntury Club, sointerference could be stopped would of ro win g the Channel with one arm maybe you'd better t hi nk about givi ngbe fo r the state legislature to pass a t ied behind your back. that o ne a t ry? Yo u can get in fo a ndlaw prohibit ing such operation and awa rds fro m N.A.S. Fitch G3 FPK, 40t hen have t he lo ca l officers clean it T he hands down leader of t he Eskdale Gardens, Purley , Su rrey, CR2up. 1EZ, England . supe r -m o bit es IS Gle n Til lac k The visit of another FCC inspecto rt o a local b ro adcast statio n to give W6 KZ L/M 6 , who no w ha s 253t hem a ci ta tio n for havin g a powe r c o u ntr ies c o nfirmed! G len cla ims tha t RUSSI AN BOOTLEGGER S t hese a re all ho nest contac ts, mademeter 10% o ut of t o le rance (rea d ing A stri nger fo r t he Los An ge les wh ile he was in the car and using the T ime s had a n in te resti ng story, se nt inh igh !) p rovided a n oppor tu nity t o by WB6 ZGF (and thanks. Dave) a bo utd isc uss th is ja mmi ng b usiness a t great- c ar a nte n na, not back ed up t o a 20 the big rise in bo o t leg rad io stat io nser le ngth . e lement beam o n a 200 foo t to we r o n within the USSR these days. Ap- The answer give n was t ha t the FCChas a signed contract with licensed a mountai n overlook ing the ocean. parently the restrictions are so severestations and t hey intend to enforce it, Glen is also extreme ly active o n slowbut do not have a contract wi th scan te levision wi th one of t he on getting ham licenses that ma nyunlicensed people . This might explain worl d's better ' SS TV signals and no youngsters who become interested inthe lack of aggressiveness with CB few countries racked up on t hat radio turn to building rigs that inte r-bootleggers. mode. He was one of the few to d rop fere w it h aircraft c ommunicatio ns , t ry ing to work a JA while I was active rai lroad traffic information, and Alas, for the days Of yore, when on slow scan from Navassa last year, th ings like that. The la rgest numberamateurs looked up to the FCC as t hus getti ng one more o n the less are set up as broadcast stations on thesitting on the right hand of God They wide-awake brethren. medium and short wave bands whereseem to have changed their location. they ru n disc jockey p rograms a nd The number two man , world ANOTH ER COLUMN ? wide, in mobi le DXing is J acq ues talk shows. Is there anyone o u t t here who Bo isanf ray F3 DJ / M wi t h 22 Lcou n- t ries confi rmed . The radio o fficia ls a re abou t as Ou r o ld frie nd Edgar Wagner effective as our FCC vs ca, which iskeeps up o n the latest solid state G3 BID/ M is hol d ing d own third p lace abou t as ineffective as is possib le. Indevelopmen ts? T he new gadgets a re wit h 205 confir me d . I wo nd e r if he is one area 115 ille gal b roadcasts we recomi ng along so fa st t hese day s tha t it still mobilin g in his Ben tley? Edgar heard in o ne eve ning, Some of t heisn ' t possible t o keep u p with them via would have a lot more if he d id n't illegal sta tio ns ha ve siz ab le audiencesarticles. Pe rhaps a short mont hl y spend so much time too ling a rou nd in as a resul t of the boring programs o fcolumn in t he newspages wou ld bridge ot he r cou ntries - he must have the government stations. Th ere are nothe gap. o perated from a cou ple dozen or more commercial broadcast sta tions in t heIf there are any engi neers out there mobile so far . If you ' re in to wines, USSR , of course.who would like considerable fame , you' re good fo r an hour con tact with T he illegal operators c omplain thatsome money and lots of free samples, Edgar. there is one and only o ne ham clubthen let us hear from you . It is Eric Stoss DL6UH/M has 189 con- for the country and that it is almostbeneficial if you already know how to fi rmed , making him fo urth . Fred impossib le to get a lice nse if y ou are awrite. Hock WA3 HDU/M3 is fifth with 168 teenager. (Continued on page 98)12 73 MAGAZIN E

Wilson Electronics Presents The Finest 2 Meter Handie TalkieWith th e Hottest Rx Front End on The Market. 2 METER FM TRANSCEIVER MOOEl 1402SM F REQU ENCY 140 . 150 M HZ (2 M HZ SPREA D) NU M BER O F CHA NNE LS 6 Supplied with 146.94 Simpl ex 146 .34 /9 4 - 146 .1 6/76 2 Watts mini mum R.F . Out put Sen si ti vit y better than 0 .3 M V / 20 DB Q.S. Audio Out put 500 mv Met e r Mon itors ba ttery vo ltage o n T x, S meter on Rx We ight 1 lb . 4 o u nces w it ho ut battie res Current drain 15 MA Rx 4 10 M A T x Size 8 7/8\" x 1 7/8\" x 2 7/8\" Includes Adju stab le Whip A ntMODEL # ACCESSORIES Net Price1410A 12 Watt Power Amplifier Al so Ineludes Steel Case For 1402SM . Charge s 1402 SM Whe n Pluged in to Cigarette L i g h t er 99.00LCL LEATHER CASE 12.0014BC BATTERY CHARGER 29.95SM1 SPEAKER MI KE 24.00WR IT E FOR COMPL ET E SPEC SH EETS .SEE YOUR N EA REST D EA L ER FORTHE F IN EST AMAT EU R HA N DlETAL KIE ON THE MARK ETDE ALER INQU IRIES INV ITED SM1COMM ERCIA L V ERS ION AV A I LAB LE 1410A WilS'Oll GleC/FOllicS'P.O. Box 794 Henderson, Nevada 89015 Telephone (702) 451-5791 451-6650

,3 REPEATER ATLAS REGISTRATION •REPEAT E R CALL (W R o nly ) FO RMER CA L L LOCATION (City) STATEINPU TS OUT PUTS TTTB P\"L\" FM AM AUTO ER' RTTY PATCH H, USEFU L RANGE (RADI US) H, H, EQUIPM ENT H, o SPLIT SITE oH, ANTENNAS & HEIGHT DIPl EXEAREPE ATE R GRO UP/S PONSOR TR USTEE I D- T Y PE OR MFR .01 certif y th a, I he ve receivedno oUls ide . s. isu nce w h ile com-p leting ,his fo rm.DAT E SOURC E (NAME/CA LLI SPEC IA L OR EME RGEN CY F UNCT IONSIr~- WA Wfl1A CE Ml. Spoloone 146.34-146.94 East, including being able to have an active part in getti ng t he new.REPEATr:R UPDATE) WI Wfl9AB F Milwaukee 147.99·1 47.39 Brook lyn Repea ter (now locate d in 52.800-52.525 Ma nhattan at t he same site asLISTENING ) WV Wfl8ACD Chorlestnwn 449.50-444.50 j 12500-1220.0 WR2AAl on t he air. As most of you94 76 88 73 70 64 82. . . 146.28-1 46.88 already know, I was one o f the people = ,rww 8iiM& 0 w,\" . \"\" ' who put up th e o rig inal Brooklyn machine about two years ago. Unfo r- t u nate circumstances led to its \"le av-CT WR 1AAF Oxford 141 .4 9·14 6.4 9 ing t he air\" in ea rly 1973, and I madeu, WR9AAF Chiclgo 146.34-146.94 a pledge to myself to try my best to\" WA9Z FM E•• \"\",ill. W ~2.920-52.515 get both t he machine and th e KingsKS WR IABW Me\" i.m 448.1·449 .1 County Repeater Assoc iat ion goingMD WR]AB O 8111;mo\" 146.Ql· 14ti.67 <\"fIN'JJ.-in!l again. When we put up the origi nalM' WR8AB I a.hlemo mach ine, it became more than just 1 46. 1!- 1 46 ,~ West another repeater to us. Rath er, it wasHe WA4HUO A$h\"\"ill. assu ming an importan t respon sibility 146.n146.B2 to t h ose who had shown th e KCRAHe WR4A BK ChlrtottlHe WR 4A BT Ch.rtotto 1%.lb-1 46.76 Bill Pasternak WA2H VKI6 support a nd had contributed th eirHe WB 40 H Oo rhom 14732 Blythe Street # 17 hard ea rned gree n stu ff to makeHe W4E HF flyetteville 146.22-1 46.82 Panorama City CA WA2ZWP a reali ty. S ince man y ofHe WR4AB l Groe...boro t hese supporters were friends, I to okHe WR4ABP Grifton 146.22-1 46.82He WR4A BY H. ndeno..ill. 146.31·146,91 t his responsi bility perso na lly. Luckil yHe WR4A8X lt~inglon 146.1 6-146,76He WA4 BVW Mt. Pi,gah 146.1 6·146.76 \"Visiti ng a large overc rowded sar- th ere were others back in New Yo rk 146.114-146,64He WR4ACF Ral eigh dine can,\" I suppose t hat about sums who felt t he way I d id and refu sed toHe Wfl4AB F Shelby 14lU 1-146 .91 14&.16· 14&.7& up my personal fee lings about going let t he pro ject die. A new Kings\" WA42AT WIlmington 222.34- 223.94 14&.04·1 4&. &4 back to New York. Not th at I d isli ke Cou nty Repeater Associa tion wasHe WR4ACA Wi n.to n·Solem 14&.2B·14& .88 146.22-146.82 the p lace - far from it . It' s just that in for med, mostly out of the members ofPA WRJABZ Cente' Point 146.04·146.64PA WRJAC H Pittsburgh 141_66-141.06 th e past year and a half we have t he old gro up and work was begu n on 146.22·146.82PA WRJABY Erie W1477 146_22-146.82 beco me so accu stomed to t he sp read getti ng bo th a new site and a newPA WRJACA Erie 146.34·146.94 146_1!I·1 46_94 out design o f Los Angel es that seei ng mach ine.50 WR4ABM Llncaster 146.10-146.1n t he way we used to live just about Under t he guiding hand of Lou gave me a case o f cla ustrophobia. Bu t,TX WR5ABN Midllnd 146.16·146.16 there were ma ny good times in t he Belsk y K2VM R, the new trustee, Phil 141.JO·141. 18TX WR5ABZ Son Antonio 146.34-146.93 t wo and a half weeks we spent back 146.J8·146.98TX Wfl5AC F Lulk;n 146.01-1 46 61 146.19·146.19VA WB 40FS floonolo. 146.2B-1 46_ 88VA Wfl4ABU Lexington 449.85-444.85\" WA4ZAU Nor/olioWA Wfl1 AC F Spok.\"\" (Con tin ued on page 16)14 73 MAGAZ IN E

Tired of Inflated Prices?Check Sentry's Pre-Season Offer to holddown your 2 Meter FM crystal expenses. I ~-\"'- Fl. -4 \"tIOI\! SENTRY'SyPR ICES k,-,-, , ' _, \"_, . ~, \"_ ' . _ ._, _;_._~ '. _ ., ~ _~ •. d ••• ;W,-,-.68 69 70 71 72 73 74BUY ANY THREE Repeater or 2 Meter FM crystals at the regular price andreceive ONE CRYSTAL AT 25% OFF!NO PRICE CHANGE IN THE LAST 5 YEARS - and in some cases, volume prices have been slashed.UNCHANGING POLICY OF:• Warranty - Sentry guarantees any Sentry crystal to be free of defectsin workmansh ip for an unlimited time.• Customer Service - When you buy a Sentry crystal, service is part ofthe package.• Ease of Ordering - You need only specify manufacturer, model andchannel frequency. Sentry maintains up-to-the-minute fileson all fixed station, mobile, aircraft and marine radios.• One Stop Shopping - Sentry offers a complete series of amateur,general purpose, commercial, precision, CB,I.F., 2M FM,aircraft and marine crystals (32 KHz to 210 MHz) crystalsto MI L 3098 also.• Fast Delivery - Any tolerance on any crystal, 5 working days for one to three crystals. \" 0 ~ ou order , ,t\J\J\"ieU:~:~'I'1 0 1JAll of this \"PLUS\" Inflation Fighting Prices. ,nne. 1 13 N\a93 l:If you don 't have our 1974 catalog, write for yours today. SENTRY MANUFACTURING COMPANYTT Crystal Park, Chickasha, Oklahoma 73018 PHONE: (405) 224·6780 TWX· 910 - 830 ·6425

(Continued from page 14)Knoll WB 2VGK , and Abe Sc hwartz fro m fello w passengers when my back The variation in length of the charac-WB2POR , a number of meet ings open pocket sta rted t o talk. \" Ru bber ters means that you have to wait quiteto all interested parti es were held last Duckie\" antennas are a definite ad- a while for the zero to be co mp letedsp ring and enough money was col- vantage if you ever decide to try you r and the next character started, andlected to p urchase a dup lexer, anten na ha nd at this one.and asso rted accesso ries. In th e in- you have to be nimble when sendingt eri m I had w ritten b oth Lou and Abe Another high point of our t rip was an \"e\", for it is no sooner sta rt ed thanthreatening to come to New York and a visit to the town of Woodstockput up the machine myself if no o ne about 90 miles north of New York it has ended and . if you are notelse would do it. I didn't th ink they City. Sharon and I spent three delight-would take my th reat literally, but in ful days with our non-ham friends attentive, you're send ing a st ring of Abby and Jim, just relaxing and tak - e•s. The HAL unit was particularly handy for the making of the 73 Morsepart they did. Abe and Stu WA2JN F ing in the scenery of this most oic- Code cassettes. We calibrated the codehad started building a solid state turesq ute commu nity. It is best speed on the basis of the length of anrep eater from a Sonar han d held known as an artist colony an d home \" t\", which seemed median and foundtra nsceiver. Before they cou ld f inish of the famo us Woodstock Rock t hat the keyboard would send fromthe job, Abe had to take a personne l Festival a few years ago. Most lrnpor- about 4.5 t o 30 wpm . We couldleave fro m t he gro up . Though t he u nit tant, though, it's the kind of place in manage to type and keep up with it towou ld rep eat, it had a tendency to whic h you can stil l do your own thing aro und 15 wpm, but had some p rob.desense itself and lacked oth er refin e- without having to expla in to o th ers lems wit h pe rfect send ing above t hatments. I was vo lu nteered t o do wh at I why yo u are doing it. Where else can speed .co uld to remedy the sit uat io n. When I you s t for five hours over a couple of In order to not make any mistakesleft NY, all t hat was left t o do was run cups of coffee in a restaurant and ju st on the cassette code courses we didthe coax and co nnect the cont rol t alk . Th ey also have some o f th e f inest them at half tape speed (seven andlines. I had hoped to fin ish the ent ire galleries and craft shops t o be foun d 10.5 wpm) and then doubled t he tapejob, but t ime and o bligat io ns would anywhe re, and only about 1% ho urs speed fo r making the cassettes.not permit it. It 93ve me a perso nal f rom t he heart of Manhattan. If you One of the real pleasures of thesense of satisfac tion t o know that I ever get the chance, visit Woodstock. HA L unit is the inclusion of eighthad been o f some small amount of You won' t be sorry. special amateur keys to give suchhel p to a real nice group of people; . . .WA2HVK/6 comb inations as KN, SK , BT, CO, DX,people I am proud to call friends. AR , AS and DE . The DE key also isHelp in the fo rm of a repeater site availa ble with your call so that if y oucame from other u nexpected sources. hold it down you get the works ...After looking vainly for several DE W2NSD/1 ... in our case. It cer-months for a place to put the tainly makes calling CO easy, as wellmachine, a nother friend ma de his as CO OX.prese nce known. George Le Doux The philosophical argument overK1T KJ (who owns seve ral rep eaters in whether it is better to send using athe Northeast includ ing WR2A AA) straight key or a kever or a keyboa rdoffered to make space ava ilable for is one t hat can go on fo r ever. Eachthe KCR A machine at his locat ion in has its staunch adherents w ho arelower Manhattan. In ad di ti on, he a lso emotionally t ied to their favo ri te.offered to help with the necessary Some CW me n feel t hat it is t hepap erwork to get a license fo r t he abil ity to copy t hat is importa nt, notrepeater. So, now there a re t wo VH F how you send. For that matter, anyrep eaters operat ing a bout 20 feet way you do send wilt take ski ll andfrom one an other wit hou t any inter- practice. and t hat includes the key-feren ce t o eac h o ther. Accordi ng to boards when you get up over 10wpm.George t he secret of th is success is in The HA L keyboard ha s outputs fort he one meg sp lit t hat both mach ines cathode keying a rig, for grid-blockuse. WR 1AAA is on 73/73 and the THE HAL MORSE KEYBOARD key ing, and for tone output. It has aKC RA uses 43/43 . When the KCRA built in mon itor speaker. The controlsmachine gets its license an d goes into Having tried out just about every vary the speed, the weight. the tonefull time operation it will be open for code typing device to be put on the and the volume . There is also a jack toall to use. I have been asked to invite market , vve couldn 't pass up the p lug in your hand key for t imes whenvisiti ng VHF FMers t o u se it. By the chance to have a go at the HAL unit . you want to send manually.t ime you read t h is, they shou ld be\"on the ai r.\" To save some suspense, it is superb. The HAL MKB-l is available for It is the easiest to use of any th at 5 175 in k it form and for 527 5 com- Bac k East , I got a chance to say vve've tried , and by a wide marg in over plete. If you 're into CW, this is a wayhello to ma ny ol d friends and ma ke a some of them. The keyboard works to have a lot of fun for a reasonab lecouple o f new ones. I operated a very smooth ly and posit ively. pnce. One other keyboard that we'venumber of different machin es incl ud- used qu it e a bit recently was okay, NEW FIL TER FOR HTsing WR2AAA {ex WA2S U Rl, bu t some keys had t o be pushed hard,WR 2ACD (ex WA2KEC l and the others li ghtly , and you had to reme m- Crysta l filters have reach ed a newWA2UWC machine in New Jersey . On be r whic h we re w hich to p reve nt miniatu rit y in the Spectrum Int er-every mach ine I used , I found t he double letters bei ng sen t. na t ional XF-l02. This completeat mosp here wa rm and t he greetings It doesn't tak e long to get used to crysta l filter is bu ilt into an HC·18 /Ufriend ly. I even go t a chance to pu ll a using t he keyboard. You do have to crysta l can. It consists of a single 10 .7\"Wayne Green \" and operate Subway listen to what you are ty p ing, for MHz crystal with two resonatorsMobi le usin g a Standard S RC146 there is no memory in t he unit and plated o n it, thus forming a two polewhile crossi ng the Manhattan Bridge t his means that you have to listen for filte r. The bandwidth is only 14 kHz,on the BMT \"N\" t rai n. You should each character to be started before so with this filter added to your handhave seen some o f the startled looks you move your finger to another key. transceiver you can be sure of avoid -16 73 MAGAZIN E

ing spillover from the nex t cha nnel, so K ENTERPRISES PRESCALER cently int roduced a new series of 8often a misery with t hese small rigs. pin octal base plug in rectifiers. Th is Now how much do you thi nk t h isremarkable filter costs? One would series designed \" Mu lt i· Pu rpose Rect i-expect it t o run around S20, but thefact is it sells fo r only S8.50 rrom fier\" (MR P) can be programmed intoSpectrum International, Box 1084,Concord MA 01142. various rectif ier co nfigu ration:; such as Th e insertion loss is only t .5 dB, so center-taps, bridges, vo ltage mu lti ·you'll hardly know it is in t he ci rcu it.The shoulders are fairly steep on the plie rs, half wave elements, etc, byf ilter, wi t h the signal down 20 d B at50 k Hz and BOdB at 80 kHz . simply wiring t he 8 pin sockets per If you 're looking for an even t he instructions.sharper filter there is the XM -107, a A p rescaler. In case you' re a little The \" MPR\" ser ies consists of fourfou r pole filter mounted in an HC·6t Ucrysta l can . T h is one has the same 15 beh ind cu rren t techn ol ogy like t he vo ltage types w ith each t ype cont ain-kH z passband , but is dow n 40 d B at42 kHz , w hich is way , way d own rest of us, is a help ful li tt le p iece of ing 4 independent/e lect rically isolat edther e. test equipment that divides by ten. diode elements. Basic peak reverse We're loo k in g f or someone withsome good lab gear to t ry out one o f The fac t is it is most useful for anyone voltages at 500, 1000 1500 and 2000these crysta l fi lters and come up wit h messing with the VH F or UH F bands. volts are available . Depending on thegood before and after bandpass curvesusi ng a Temp o F MH or a Standard You are no doubt aware that coun- type of recti f ier con figuration and146 ... and volunteers? Write 73 andtell u s ho w soon you 'll be able to ters are so inexpensive and ubiqu itous device type being progra mmed recti-provide the story. t oday t hat frequen cy meters have fi ed cu rrent output cu rre nts from NEW SILICON RECTIFIER HANOBOOK been rendered virtuall y obsolete ... a 0.05 t o 3 0 amperes average are ob- very sad development f or hams who t ainable. Motorola's new 2 16 page Silicon have in vested in General Rad io freq Pric ing in 1 t o 4 qu antities is $4.85Rectifier Handbook is a true tech nical meters (whic h used t o sell u sed for $7 .3 5, $9.60 and $12.25 for respec-handbook , not a catalog type \" d atabook .\" over $2000). One of t he limitations of tive M P R 10 5 (500V), MPR 110 The easily absorbed tex t is well most counters is that they cu t off ( 1000V), M RP11 5 11500V} andill ustrat ed, w ith tables, graph s, andcircu its on almost every page. Much somewhere in the 20-30 MHz range. MPR120 {2oooVI. For more infor-material is presented th at has neverappeared in a rectifier handbook be- Th is is d andy for the [ow band op , but ma tion, contact : Rectifier Com.fore. creates some problems for the chap ponents coro.. 11 12 Lousons Rd., Progressin g from basics t hrough thelatest rect if ier app lications, this book who wants to put h is two meter r ig on Un ion N.J. 01083.is well suited for self study as well as channel or who wants to try and help MINIATURE f end o ff the ElA by p opul at ing 2 20 PULSE TONE ENCOOERtechn ical ref erence use. At $2.50 it MH z.should be a welcome addition to t hesolid sta te book shelf. T he prescaler is just the thin g for The Silicon Rectifi er Handbook extending the range o f a 3 0 M Hzmay be ordered f or $2.50 per single counter to 300 M Hz ... and K Ente r-copy, from M otorola Inc.. P.O. Box prises happens to have one of the20924, Phoenix . Arizona 85036, orf ro m you r nearest Motoro la Fran- most reasonable and excellent work-ch ised Distributor. ing units yet available . You can also OX ost, GUIOE sca le do wn to a low band receiver and Now you can fill out all of yourQSL cards in the language of t he chap do a reaso nab le j ob of adjusti ng V H Fyou've worked ... well, in most ofthe languages. The K3C HP Guide giv es frequ encies. If you want to zero in ont rans la t io ns i n t o 54 differentlanguages, and that reatly sho u ld ju st 146.19 you j ust tune you r receiver toabout take care o f anyt hing. 14,619 and you' re read y to go. The Guide includes not only thebasic QSL information in translation , When t he crew at 73 Magazine werebut also such perso nal things as yourage and things like that. setting up t he Clegg 220 M Hz repeater T h e Gu ide is availa ble f rom recen tly t here was a problem . . . howK3CHP, 69 13 Furman Pk y, Riverdale to get the repeater and the t rans-M D 20840 fo r $3.9 5 or 30 I RCs. ceivers to be used w ith it all exactly on channel. Even with three d ifferent coun ters on hand, plus two other p rescale rs (which went t o abo ut 150 MHz ). noth ing worked way up there A lpha Electron ics Services has been at it aga in and has come up with an on 220 MHz. The x -Enterpri ses pre- even smaller to ne bu rst o scill at or. This one- is small enough to fit inside an scaler did the jo b and w orked ju st fin e HT -220 and will provide any f requ en- w ith all three of the cou n ters (Hea th, cy from 20-3000 Hz, for a duration Miida , and Rege ncy ). of from 0.1 -15 seconds. lt will even provide a continuous tone if desired. The PD·301 p rescater comes with The size is 1W' x 15/1 6\" x %\". Up to built in power supply and pre- eight tones can be generated fro m one amplifier. I t will read a hand trans- un it. For mo re in fo contact Alpha at ceiver all t he way across the room, so 8431 Monro e, Stanto n CA 90680. it is sensitive ... and t hat is one of t he T he AE -50 uses a plu g-in th ick film pro blems many ops report wit h some hybrid module for fre quency deter- of the less ex pensive prescafers. Y ou mination instead of old fash ion ed can't ask f or a much better price reeds or other mechanical systems. eit her, f or at $55.50, th is is a real barga in t oday . Alpha also has an encoder-decoder unit which will handle up t o six More inf o on the PD·301 and other frequencies of tone, from 20-250 Hz. K ·Enterprises gadgets is available f rom Th is will fit in most mobile units, b ut them at 1401 North Tucker, Shawnee OK 74801. MULTI -PURPOSE RECPFIER T he Rectif ier Components Corpora- is a bit big for HTs. Ask about the t ion of Union , New Jersey has re- SS ~B OJ~ 19U .FEBRU A RY 197 4 17

W4KA w hose CBA is all O.K. He has their was around and knows t he r ight been Quite active on both 20 and 40. \" offi ci al\" over there can t urn t his t rick seems to like CW better than SSB. I am sure. They did it wi th Mount I have received some wonderful Athos which looked a tot harder than mail f rom readers of this column and The Royal O rder of T he Kn ights ofGus Browning W4BPO I would like to t hank t hem very m uc n. Malta set -up. H ow abou t i t IIRB ?Drawer \" OX\" The respo nse regardi ng our new award You seem t o \"know you r way arou nd\"Cordova, SC 29039 The Super WTW, t he one that wi ll pretty we ll and you kn ow th e excit e-Now with you r travelli ng curta il ed on really pr ov es who Works The Wo rld, ment on the bands wh en a brand newaccount of the gaso line situat io n I the A WA RD th at calls t he various OX cou nt ry shows up.would th ink t here is more interest in places, \" OX Areas\" and doesn't use D oes anyone have a ci rcui t of aworking OX , but, if they start cutting the word countries any more. By the t ransistorized mu lti-vi brator that willdown your power line voltage you had t ime you are read ing this I will have lock in on 5 and (by turning a swi tch)better get yourself some sort of a the rules and OX Area lists made up also 10 kc from a sub-harmonic of atransformer \" arrangement \" to boost and printed in the form of a \" check 100kc crystal osc.? I have tried manyyour line voltage back up to at least list\" and entry form. I will be glad to and have had not much of a success soenough to make t he rig work. Being send any of you t wo sets of forms on far. Would like it t o be for NPN (ofan o ld hand in t he electronic business the recei pt o f 50c to cover p rin t ing & cou rse a FET wou ld be FB t oo) . Al l Iall my lif e I have had many occasio ns maili ng costs. You keep one set for have tri ed so f ar are very \"tou chy\" andt o eith er need more or maybe less your records and mail m e one, we do n' t w ant t o st art osc. unless youline vo ltage and th i s is no problem at both can k eep these forms and use snap pow er o n and off qu ite a nr ofal l. Get one of t hose filament trans- them as you work more OX from the t imes t o get t hem sta rted. A ny hel p.formers out of t he attic. If your rig Super WTW list. Of course we will anyone?uses about a KW get one that will put issue you a nice, pretty certificate if If you work one of t hese st ationsout about ten amps or so with the you Qualify and will have stickers that in Turkey and get his address be surefilament voltage you need to boost can be attached to the certificate as to not mention the word radio o n anyyour line up to. Just put whatever you work more from the list. I can mail you send him. It seems th at allline vo ltage you have on its primary definitely state that t he fellow who of t hese ham statio ns have no legaland correctly polarize the fil am ent has t he hi ghest score in ou r new Super license and are actually worki ng und ervo lta ge in series wit h t he line voltage WTW is t he one w ho has worked m ore cover. In fact it is a goo d idea t o notth at goes t o you r ri g. O f course if you and better OX t han anyo ne else in t he menti on th e w ord rad io in Quite a fewneed more vol tage you can use two worl d , t hats why we cal l it T he Super countr ies, may be t hey are legal, buttransformers or you can use two Worked The World Award! Do not do not want to \" rock t he boat\" !(o r more) windings on the same trans- confuse it with our regular WTW award, In fact I know a few stations righ tformers as long as each winding will they are two completely different here in the U.S.A . that don 't wantput out the amperage your rig needs. awards and the rules are completely the fact that they are a ham adver-(will send anyone a drawing of all this different. tised. They would be blamed forif t hey send me an sese.) If you still need Old VS9K every street . cross-hatch, snow , o rOX co ndi tions have been pretty Kamaran Island (in t he Red sea, off even T V tro ubl e t hei r neighbors have !good considering t he low sunspot the coast of Yemen about 3 miles or One fellow d ow n in M iami, Flor idacount , all you have to do is d o a little so) you might keep your eyes and has up an \"lnvlsable\" antenna, it'sdeeper d iggi ng and hu nt ing fo r t he ears open for eit her (or both ), 4WI AF made of number 28 w ire and run srare ones..T hey are in t here and they and FL80M w ho may go t here at a from h is 28th. f loo r hotel room t oare bei ng worked by the serious OX 'er . moments notice almost any time, it is a building across the street. and heT he pref i x chasers should be having a possible they may at times also go to works FB OX and runs a KW. It'sreal busy time tryinq.not to miss any other islands in the Red Sea. (ed.- really \"Invisebte\" that's a fact ! Heof the many FB prefixes that seem to and how about a trip now and then to has been using it for a num ber ofkeep changing. Any kind of a big South Yemen (t hat 's Old Aden.vS9- years.celebration or special event brings out land , remember them ?). As t o when I would like t o make up a listofman y new prefixes. th ese are usual ly a you wi ll hear any activ ity f ro m Ir aq, t he m ost needed cou nt ries, so how\" one sho t\" deal, i f you miss t hem your guess is as good as mine (m aybe abo ut sendi ng m e a list of the o nesy ou may never get another chance to better). While w e are t alk ing about you need. I w ill tabul ate them all andw ork th at prefix again. Some of the \"rare ones\" , h ow abo ut Cl ipperto n give the results in this colum n. Itprefixes t hat have been used in the Island, jus t a few hu ndred m iles ou t would be a sort of gu ide t o f ello wspast few months include: ZY2, VA6, in t he Pacif ic fro m the west coast of making OXpedition plans and jus tSK~. HW3. VA l. 4Kl, XQ3. VA6, northern Mexico. I have as yet to migh t activate some of the pl aces youCV 4, VA7, PT2, PT!, JX4, XG1, 3D6, hear a \"ptau sable\" explaination why it need. Send t he list directly here toH A~ , XF4, XX6, JE 1, VA~, HG5, seems t o be \"off limits\" to hams, why me and while you are writi ng me youEX5 , SY5, v ia. J Fl . IB3. OT9. OT~. is this anyhow ?, I wonder if t here might send along a few choice OXWPl, U 2, K EG, ZM2, KJ3. KJ7 is something \" h idden\" down t here? tidbits, but keep in mind that w hat Iand th e list keeps righ t on grow ing. May be o ne of t hese d ay s our Ole wr ite is not in print fo r abo ut 2The prefix chasers are a bu sy lot and Buddy, Barry Goldwater w il l butto n months. You might also suggest anythey can alw ays keep busy if t hey hole t he French Am bassador up in ways you have in m ind to improvem ake up th eir mi nd t hat t hey do n't WaShing to n and get t he t ruth out from this colum n. We are always o pen t ow ant to m iss any prefi xes that pop-up. him (or would it be more beat ing suggestions. Our good f riend who lives in Greece arou nd t he bush ?). T hen there is t hat T h is is the OX season and I hopenear t he Mount Athas border has place right in the middle of Rome, you are getting you r share. Th e sun spot cycle are about to start on it'sbeen fairly busy and goes over to Mt . called The Royal Order of the Knights up-hill climb so things should beAthas quite frequently where he op- of Malta. ARR L once told me that it improving almost anytime now.erates $Y5MA. He was W3AG back had all the are-marks of being a newin t he sta tes, he has moved over to country if someone was t o go there on. See YOU next month. 73 es D X-eo rGreece now. His QSL manager is and operate. Someone who k now s J?j~'L-.. D18 73 MAGAZINE

IF YOU RFALlY WANT THE BEST, YOUU JUST HAVE m ACCEPT THE FACT THAT ITS GOI Gm COST YOU A UmE LESSIt's the little things that GTX·200 $269. 95•make a GTX the value it is: (30 watts output power,• Operation over the entire z-merer band ncm .. up to 100 channel (including MARS and CAP frequencies) combinations) without tuning ri ]• No automatic shutdown on SWR bridge. Operate with mismatched antenna with- .j\" out damage. due to balanced emitter out- put transistors GTX·2 $259. 95•• Lowest AM detection level of any com- (30 watts output power, parable unit (including many commercial rigs) nom., accommodates 10• Power : the GTX-2 and GTX·200 boast channels) 30 watts nom . output GTX-l0 $209. 95\"• Lightweight: manufactured to aviation industry standards (10 watts output power,• High-sensitivity receiver pre-amp in- nom., accommodates 10 c1uded as standard (GTX-2 and GTX- channels) 200) * Includes 146.94 MHz.• v.. \" phone jack included as standard Add'i. crystals $6.50 ea . (GTX·2 and GTX-200) Don't Let An Honest Price Scare You Away- See Your Amateur Dealer Today!General Alialion Electronics, Inc.. 4141 Kingman Orin, Indianapolis, Indiana 4G226 - Area 317 - 546·1111FEBRUARY 1974 19

UNDERSTANDING Dave Ingram K4TWJTHE SLOW R te. 11, Box 4 99, Eastwood Vii . SON Birm ingham AL 3 52 10SCAN 0/1 r 51011 ' SCI/I/ Editor toke s liS bv the lunul.MONITOR ~O ft en prosp ective Slow Scanners shy swe ep and h igh volt age circu itry, let's start away from the fascinating world of o ur discussion with th e fr ont a nd work back.SST V under th e misconception that co mpli· Later we will co nsid er \"frills\" and trouble-cate d video circuitry is utili zed. Oth er times, sho ot ing tec h niqu es.Slow Scann ers would lik e t o build a monitorof th eir o wn d esign, but are not abso lute ly Monitor Front Endsure how t o go a bo ut it. Figure I is th e block diagram of a typical It is th e o bjective o f this article to basic monitor. The Slo w Scan TV audiodescrib e th e simp le circ uit ry used, an d give signa l fir st ente rs a co nve ntio nal amplifier,you eno ugh knowl edge of the basic monit or which also li mits the signal. This gives us aso you can plan and/or trouble shoot a high level, co nsta nt amp lit u de signal we cantypical unit , plus evalua te a monit or's run through so me fre q ue ncy sensit ive cir-e ffec tive ness by its blo ck diagram o r cuits, (discri mi nators ) and ret rieve th e sy ncschema tic . a nd video information. Scan monit ors are ba sically simp le, whil e The pulses a ppearing at the sy nc discrimi-the additional circuitry which makes th em nat or out pu t are now amp lified, dete cted,more ela bo rate mak es th em mo re co rn p li- and se para te d (ve rtica l in teg rat o r) so theycat e d. An ideal monitor might be e xpand- ca n trigger t h e pro p er swee p circuits, eit herabl e - sim ple circuitry and spacio usly laid in a n oscilloscope or a monitor. During thisout , whi ch we can a d d ont o as de sired fo r sa me p eriod . the signal being fed t o th ein creased performance. vid eo discriminato r ( whic h sho uld pass o n ly 1500 Hz to 230 0 Hz) is slo pe det ect ed : Let's sta rt with the basic monitor, wh ich high o utpu t fo r 23 00 li z, lo w (or zero ) forwe will divide into two sec t io ns for simp li- 1500 liz. Notice that any sy nc pulses (1200 II, )cit y, and call the \" fro nt end\" and th e mak in g it throu gh th e vid eo disc riminator\" disp lay end.\" Since th e front end is th e still will not be see n, as th ey wi ll not\" busi ness e nd ,\" (a ctual Slow Sca n circ u it ry )and th e rema inder is basically co nventi o nal r---- ---------- , ~ 1I ISST V ,I /\"IN PUT V- I INTEN SIT Y I , I m - VID EO V IDEO DETECTOR LO PASS <' \" , DISC FILTE R I I 'M e VE RTIC AL SYN C INTEG R ATOR HORI ZON TAL I LE VEL PULSES I -I HIG H I -7 VERTICAL I VOLTA GE S PUL SE S I I HORIZ ONTAL I DEFL EC TI ON I HOR IZ I SWEEP I I I I SYNC SY NC S YNC V E R TIC A L D ISC DE T ECTO R ,I VERT DEF L EC TI ON 'Me S WE E P I IL \"DIS PL AY EN D\" --' Fig. 1. Block dia gram of a ty pical SS TV monitor.20 73 MAGA ZINE

~-l LSEYNV CE L proper level of drive th rough t he tun ed c ircuit. a va riable resis to r co u ld be used20 0mfoi ~ (shown in Fig. I as t he \"sy nc level pot\"). Typical values are 0 to 500K. Once you've ~ o bta ined th e proper level, tak e the pot out , measure its resistance , fi nd repla ce it wit h a, T UNE TO 1200 Hl fixe d resist or o f this value. Follo win g the sy nc d iscriminat or is a st raight fo rwa rd de® r - SYNC a mp lifie r follo wed b y a sim p le diod e d etec- L EVEL to r. T his detec to r co nverts t he ou t put of t he sync amplifie r into d c pulses, fo r pulsing ou r ; r 'ZZ II\"·HTOROIO \" ~ , 18 sweep sectio ns. The vertical pulses a re se pa- rate d fr om th e ho rizontal in th e vertical( in te gra to r, thu s o btaining se pa ra te horizon- tal an d vert ical pu lses. T he video discrimina-VA RY FOR RESONANCE AT IZOO Hl tor may be a t uned circ uit wh ich is broad ly reso na nt (I500 Hz to 23 00 Hz) but© SYNC ,,\" \"peaked \" at 23 00 Hz, so 1500 Hz gives low output, a nd 230 0 Hz gives h igh ou t put. LEVEL .0'; :::: .01 . Above 23 0 0 Hz this tuned circu it will drop o ff in o u t pu t. This voltage is now amplified '\" •'\" in a simp le dc a mp lifier. The out put is t h en rect ified (interstage t ra nsfo rmer probably ~I '0\" needed here) th en passed throu gh a simp le lo-p ass filte r hefore being a pp lied to the n control grid o f t he crt (lo-pass filte r design fo r t he c rt is cove red in de tail in the 73 SlowVAR IE S SYNC T UNIN G FROM 1l00' I\"300 foi l Scan TV Hand ho ok) . Full wave rec tification wo uld be preferable fo r both th e vid eo a ndFig. 2 Typical ban d pass filters used In sync sy nc detecto rs for ma ximum outp ut, and less rip ple . I su ggest y ou co mpare the moni-discriminators. to r circ ui t you are co nside ring to the (t ypi- cal) block diagram in Fig. 1 fo r act ualproduce as mu ch voltage as even bla ck circuit ry values.frequency (1500 Hz). The voltage n owproportional to our received video frequen cy Now assum ing you wou ld like to ex pa ndis amplified, detect ed , ran through a low a n ex ist ing monitor. yo u co uld add morepass filter (the last t h ing we need is \"t rash\" featu res as d esired . For ex a mp le , a 1200 Hzin the vid eo ) an d t he n used to in te nsity hand pass filter might be ad de d between t hemodulat e t he cat hode ray tube. Basicall y. limiter a nd th e sy nc discriminat or. If weth is de scrib es t he \"fro nt e nd\" operatio n. made th is a tunabl e fil ter, li ke in th e W6 MXV mo nitor, we not o nly wou ld have a Now le t 's co nsider so me specifics . The very sharp filte r, fo r eli mi nati ng QRM , wefirst bloc k th e limiter/amplifier. ma y be a ny co uld also \"move arou nd\" slight ly in fre-reasonably good a ud io amplifi er, from a o ne que ncy to a void QRM. A In-pass filt er co uldo r two tube job to a ua7 09 int egrat ed circ uitunit. All we are afte r is bo ostin g t he le vel >---... 'OM >---------high e nough to use. Li miti ng is necessary so ORvary ing levels will no t upset picture quality. OVT P\JTThis is easiest accomplished with back-to- S COPE I \"JPUTback diodes. (I h ave t he di od es in fro nt o fth e a m p lifie r becau se it is easie r to cl ip CI RC UI T UNOE R T ES T ,,before a mp li fica tio n. ) Nex t is t he sy nc dis-c rimina tor, wh ich is a sha rply tun ed circ uit ; Co 00 OPTIONALfor 1200 Hz. Figure 2 gives some ty picalexa mples. Altho ugh you ca n use simp le , SPE A 'l ER\"loopstick\" coil /capacitor tu ned circuitshere, to ro id al bandp ass filte rs have a high er F ig . 3 Te st setup for aligning t he sync fil t er s.Q a nd bet te r selectivi ty . Na tu rally, t un a hlelC bandpass filt ers (see 73 Slow Scan TVHandb o o k ) would be even hett e r a nd t h reeo r four pole filt er s wou ld be o ptimu m.Resonan ce may be c hec ked on any of o urhome brew circuits by co nnecting it as in Fig .3, a nd shifti ng t he audio oscillator's outputfrequency while compari ng on a YOM tofind th e effect ive ness an d sha ping factor ofthe tun ed c ircu it. In order to a tta in th eFEBRUAR Y 19 74 21

,also be added o n th e ou t pu t of th e sy nc co nventio nal Slow Scan circuitry fro nt ends.discriminato r thus making o ur sy nc prac ti- One e xample is the 'sco pe ada pte r whichcally noise and QRM free. (Again, specific ap peared in Jun e, 19 70 QS T. Note t ha t Fig.circu its will be found in the Slow Scan TV 4 has its o wn horizontal and vertical sweepHandbo ok, appx . pg. 46). A pulse sha ping circ uitry, and also the 'sco pe ada pte r -has itsintegrated circuit co uld be added in series own vert ical sweep section (since this is notwith the o utput of the horizontal and in osc uloscpes) so we would skip ba ck to thevertical \"pulse\" lines, thu s gaining perfe ct vertical trigger, when rigging these up, rathersyncing even when only \"half a sync pulse\" than having two sweep sections. The out-is received. An example o f this is WB 8DQT's puts, horizontal and vertical, o f our \"frontmonitor which appeared in August, 1973 73 end\" connec t through a va riable resistor, asMagaz ine . A bandpass filter to pass 1500 Hz sho wn o n the input of Fig. 4. A typical highto 2300 Hz could be placed on the o ut p ut o f volt age arra ngeme nt is sho wn in Fig. 5, andthe video discriminator to assure only 1500 ca n supply voltages to an electro magneti-to 2300 Hz is applied to the video amplifier, call y deflected crt like the 5FP7. I have builtthus eli mina ting QRM to th e video. Again, so me 5 to 10 kV su pplies, and alway s usedthese are \"accesso ries,\" and not necessary any \"junk\" fly back I co uld find. They allfor perfect monitor operation . (However worked fine . . . so me had more outputthey do help!) The output of our \"front voltage than others, but we're not too particu-end\" now co nsists of horizontal, vertical, lar . .. just get so me high voltage on theand inten sity voltages which we may use to accelerat or, and it'll work fine.dri ve the \"display end. \" Basically , the above is th e the ory behindThe Display End aU Slow Scan monitors. Some are more so phistica ted, but o ur outline still shows the Figure 4 is a basic schema tic o f a \"display main pa rts. Note that any of the fron t endsend\" o f a Slow Scan monitor (c irc uit from ma y be connecte d to this, or any otherWB 8DQT circuit in August 1973 73 Maga - t ypical display end provided we do itzine ) and can be driven from any o f the through a variable resistor. Adjust it like \"IN 914 2 MEG IN 9 14 4 70 0 1\" 0 1 MJE 520 '0' ) ~ !)()... F , \"\"', non ~VERTIC AL 2N697 , 74 1:\"::-- 6 0 2 MJE non VE RTIC AL~PU LS E· /' ) ''0 1/2 \"\" YOKEINPUT I >on> \"VER TICAL '\" '00' CE N TE R l' on - 15 '0' 1I2 W r - 2MEG IN 91 4 \" 00 ;1; ' 0 1 MJE520 IN914 , ., , ~ , •<, r , '\" \" non ,74 1CHOR IZONTA L 2N697 02 MJE non HORI ZON TAL· PUL SE\" ./ YOKE ' '0 'n oINPU T I ron I r: \"HORIZONTA L '\" '00' CE NT ER 1\" ron r. · 15 '0' '0 Fig. 4. Vertical and horizontal sweep sections from the \"display end.\"22 73 M A GA Z I N E

•venuS/lo-/can TV monitor Ac tu alCAMERA BRIGHTNESS CONTRAST SOURCE ooretoucrea IndependentADAPTER Automatic SELECT photo laken Contrast Mounting CRT Burn Ree., Tape. from the C o n l rol Bezel Protect io n Camera Off VenusSS2 & Instant On usmga Po larOid Color Pack /I Camera mounted n the Venus 0·1 Camera aeoterPERSONALIZEDIDENTIFICATION PLATE Your call sign CABINET Arnat.Net '34900 Zinc Die TILT RE-SCAN VIDEO/VOICE ACCU SYNCG Cast Front Retrac e SELECT Diagnostic andwith Extruded STAND Ve rt i c al Tuning Aid Alum Sides Collapsible tO~.. \" Wx13wD Bail x51h \"Ht. OPTIMUM PICTURE 31/.. \" x 3 \11 \" lor POLAROIDLAND reDrodu ct ionCAMERA ADAPTER P-1 enables THE VENUS VEN US CAMERA you to take photograph s \" rtqht-otf-tne- POlAROID SLOoSCANai r\" and accepts a Polaroid Col or Pac k COLOR ApD.,APTER MONITORor a Polaroid Square Shooter. PACK• Allows photographing in a lit room• Simple-snap mounting for quick and accurate picture laking• Simullaneous hood viewing of picture being -teken by camera• Insfant QSL via SSTV• Amal. Nef 13450VENUS' SLO-SCAN CAMERA Ihas arrived! Write today lor detailed inlormatio-;;;'n\ D VENUS SLO-SCAN CAMERA C-1 I would also like more inform at ion on :oVENUS' Sio-Scan Cam era will project FASTSCAN VIDEO real-tim e on any conventional VENUS SLO·SCAN TV MONITOR SS2I ohome TV and with a simple fli p of a sw itch VENUS CAMERA ADAPTOR P-1 VENUS SLO-SCAN ACCESSORIESoco nve rts the FAST SCAN VIDEO to Sio-S can.I• Full, Half and Quarter Frame. Positive Negative Reversa' NAME' CALL _ STREET _I• RF output for viewing on conventiona' home TV set.• Built-in BAR GENERATOR for foolproof means of settingyour brightness and contrast contra's. -------- ORD ER DI RECT FROM FACTORY OR AUTHORIZ ED DI STRIB UTOR AS FOLL OWS:nunet _NEW YORK (Metropo litan Area) aarr., Radio. MASS. (Me llo rd) A. W. Electronics _ CALIFORNIA (Bu rlingh am)H.IIm R.IId Jo FLORIDA (Pensacol a) Goldlleln's • NEBRASKA (Om aha) RadiosmllhVenus Scientific Inc. ~;~~~~1l~~~~:,·ori1735The compeny thet put high vOl tege on the moon, now b,ings you e.pe nding e me te u, , ed iOIIKhnoiOfly. TWX 510 -224-6492

~FP1 / - -5 TO 1 K + 12 TO IBV S TUR NS FOCU S RECTI F IER 5 TO 1 KV NO. re .-. 250V • ±20 KV RATING 2 \"11 1 3 SOOp F OTOBOV --- '\ 10KV ~ ,w+0' , ~:'Osoon \"------- ORIGIN AL HV COIL ON FL veA CK''\"\"<c0, 220K - IOOV <V rt.r aec m 12 T URN S NO IB WIR E ( INSUL AT ED SOOK m 250V BRIGH TNESS Fig. 5 . The crt circuitry and its power supply that will develop 5 -7 kV from 12 -18V de .previously described on the \"sync level pot\" pulses, on a vorn; the horizontal at a 15 Hzto drop the level feeding the display end , as rate (fast \" jiggling\" of meter pointer) andoverdriving will result in improper syncing the vertical with one every eight seconds.and underdriving will not produce sweep. The output of th e integrated circuits will vary also when scan ning. Typical values areMonitor Operating Characteristics +1 V to +12V (or vice versa - just so it crosses through zero ). This voltage will be Looking at the block diagram in Fig. I, used to bias th e co mp lime ntary transistors.let's consider what sh ou ld be happening in a The co mp li me ntary transistor output circuittypical monitor upon reception of a Slow (between emitters and ground) will thenScan signal. The input voltage to the moni- vary between positive and negative supplytor will be too low to read (appx ..05V). The voltages, which in this particular case islimiter's output sho uld be high and probably +1 2V. You can almo st visualize a rastersquare wave (appx , 24V peak to peak, or at sweeping (on any monitor) by watching thisleast 12V as read on a v.o.m .) A pair of voltage on a vcm. Again, the horizontalphones between here and ground sho uld \"j iggles\" up and down at a 15 Hz rate o n ablow your ears off with audio ; The output vom, while the vertical kicks to approxi-of the sync amplifier will probably be low mately 12V and slowly decay s down to zero(less than .5V) and best mea sured using an in four seconds, at which t ime you can turnoscilloscope. The output from the sy nc th e meter over and see it start from zero anddete ctor should be pulses at a 15 Hz rat e, go up to 4 V in the other direction. Shouldagain measured on an oscillo scope. The you want to sweep the monitor screenoutput of the vertical integrator sho uldssho w vertically, merely pulse the input to thea pulse every 8 seconds also. The output of vertical IC, which will cause the circu it tothe video amplifier sho uld be approximately sweep.\" Ditto the horizontal.OV with an input frequency of 1500 Hz;however, this output shou ld increase (at One of the best ways to assure lo ng,least above 15V) when the input frequen cy relia ble use of Slow Scan gear is to rna keswings to 2300 Hz. This indicates the reso- typical operating measurements, like pre-nance of the video discriminator and the viously outlined , and reco rd these on aslope detection increasing in output as the sch ematic . When future questions arise, weinput SSTV frequency increases. A lo-pass have a known reference guide to thenfilter will not affect this voltage, thus the consid er.vid eo voltage should be apparent at the crtcontrol grid lead. This article ha s tried to present , in simple terms, a basic outline on SSTV, primarily Moving now to the \"display end\" we find focused on the monitor. As you becomethe two transistors in the horizontal and involved in Slow Scan you will see how th esevertical sweep circu its (01 and 02) used as principles may also be applied to the camera\"triggers,\" t hus the collector on each, of and flying sp ot scanner. I sincere ly hope youthese circuits (they are identical except for will find this information useful in futuretime constants) will give some indication of experimentation of this outstanding mode. ... K4TWJ24 73 MAGAZINE

Donald J . Kenn ey P.O. Box 1668 Santa Monica CA 90406 INTEGRATED CIRCUIT AUDIO AMPLIFIERSW e are now several years into the age inte rnal amplifier capable of considerable o f in tegrated circuits. They are be- gain. Most are matched t o low impedanceginning to appear very frequen tly in sche ma- (4 - 16[1) lo ad s, but so me require matchingtics in amateur publications. One of the t ransfo rmers. T he higher po wer units willcommoner special pu rp ose circ uits is t he require heat sin king. So far as I know, noaudio am plifier. After all , every, receiver has chi ps include built-in overload protection , aan audio stage, and there is no question th at fea t ure so me times built into Hi Fi ampli-an IC stage requires less space than it s fiers.discrete component amplifiers in terms o fcost and performance . They are getting Audio ICs are, like other integrated cir-cheaper and better all the time . . cuits, complete circuit su bsystems built on a single silicon chip. T he \" classical\" configu ra- Audio amplifier ICs are therefo re o f tio n co nsits of a differential amplifier feed-interest· to the amate u r and experimenter . ing a Class B final stage. The use o f a Class BThis article discusses audio amplifier ICs in fina l is mandatory because th e major prob-general, presents so me comparative d ata on lem in integra te d circuit design is the dissipa-some of th e commoner varieties, and pre- tion o f internally generated heat. The Classsen ts some circ uits. B circuit is not o nly three times as efficient as the Class A co nfiguration, but also it Audio amplifier ICs have a fairly wide draws o nly a sma ll idling curren t at zerovariety o f configurations and ca pabilities. drive whereas the Class A co nfigu ratio n mu stComparisons are complicate d because each act ually dissipate more power at zero drivetyp e (even different types from t he same than at full o utp u t. This sit uatio n recom-manufacturer) see ms to have different typeso f informat ion specifie d o n its data shee t. v+Table I atte mp ts t o summa rize the in form a-tion from data shee ts for a number of .2devices. Most values are dire ct from the d atasheet. An attempt has been made to convert .,the sensitivity figures t o a co mmon basisfro m the wide variety of systems used by Jv-manufacturers. Table II list s so me otheraudio am plifier ICs for which no d ata shee ts Q..ASSare available . B It will be o bserve d th at ICs will d eliver FINALmoderate powers o f 250 mW to 5W. T hesepowers are adequate for amateu r usage . (By Fig. 1. Basic audio IC. Rl an d R2 control voltageway of co mpariso n, my HQ-1 60 is rated at gain . C1 is not req uired if a dual po wer supply isI W audio o u t p ut. ) Usually they contain an use d (as is sho wn) bu t is required for sin gle supply operatio n. For sin gle supply operation the n on - -inverting input terminal m ust be biased above groun d.FEBRUARY 1974 25

mends against th e use of voltage regulator ground , considerable biasing is required in-ICs suc h as the UL723 as audio amplifiers . te rn ally (or exte rn ally) to obta in a voltageVoltage regula tor ICs utili ze Class A ou t pu t reference half way bet ween B+ and gro und.stages. The circuit can be co nsidera bly simplified by the use o f a d ual po wer su pply - at th e cost In addition to the input amplifier and of requiring two power su pplies. Ope ratio naloutput stages, there will be an intermediate amplifiers generally req uire du al po wer sup-phase inverter and possibly a low impedance plies. IC audio amplifiers o n t he o t he r handintermediate amplifier sta ge. The output are design ed fo r co nsu mer product s and havefrom th e latte r will be bro ught ou t to a (generally) been designed fo r single supp lyterminal so that the input amplifier may be operation. This requires the use of a hightre ated as an o pera tio nal amplifier whose valu e capacitor in the o u tpu t circuit andgain and freq ue ncy response may then be (often) o ther exte rnal biasing compo nen ts .con trolled by negative feedback in normalo p-arn p fashion. There are two spe cial problems in d ealing with th ese ICs - po wer su p plies and feed- In additio n to the input , output , B+, and back . We'll discu ss feedback first. Many ofground terminals which ap pea r mandatory , a these chips have gain capabililities wh ichnumber of o ther in te rnal points may be border on the fantastic . T he Amperexbrought o ut to extern al pins. The op-amp TAA300 is speed to be able to deliver I Woutput has already been mentioned. Both out pu t give n 10mV into its in put irn-the inverting and non-inverting differential pedance of 10K. This a moun ts to an 80 dBam plifier in pu ts may be b rought o ut to po wer gain which is so mew ha t greater thanterminals. Whether the latter is true depends the differen ce bet ween its 1W o u tpu t andto so me extent upon ano ther problem. The the po wer o u t p ut o f the world's mostClass B final will . wh en driven , produce a powerful broad cast t ransmitters. 80 d B is asignal which varies ab out a voltage half way lot of gain to package in a TOS case . A littlebetween B+ and the most negative voltageapplied. If th e mo st negative voltage is,<\"E~rrERPRISES ,,,~ l:l _ , \" '-;.\"PRESCALER MODEL PD-301 Counters . . . 300 MHz . . . $350.00 Oscil/a tors $55.50 plus $1.50 postage Marker Generators Frequency Standards Model PO 301 \"a 300 MHl prescoler des,gnee! 10 e 'tene! lhe .a ngt u' Electronic Clocks you' counter len nmes. Th's pn:sca ll:f has a Innlt ,n Wearnp w,th a Write for Catalog sem'l lv't y 01 50 mV <It 150 MHt . 100 mV \"t 760MHl. 175 \"'v al300 MH l . The 95 H90 seater 's f;,(l:d at 320 MHt To '\" su ,e eno ugh n.tve for all counters. a POSl amp. WilS h LJtIt 'n. The p.eamr h\"s\" self conl\",nI'U power supply .egu lared at 5,2V • 08\"\", lin put 50 Ot1ms. OU11->Ul H, z! All prescaters ere shipped ,n a 4\" by 4\" by 1\"\" ca l\"nel. All a'e w'.ed J nu cahUraled . K·ENTERPRISES1401 NORTH TUCKER, . SHAWNEE, OKLAHOMA 7480126 73 M A GA ZINE

,ae •v I vo< J0 ~ :ooo \",F 4 ,7K 2 1'45486 C~ ~ \"'V th 0' ; :::::~ jl F 4 .7K HEP f l ·02£~,.~VE~W - 2~\"\" 'b 24' 7K 4. 2 N~ 486 ),H24E.PFig. 2. Re gula te d dual voltage power supply. Th e / ~7 , f .Q24.7K - IUW2NS486s are constant current sources. Ql and Q2 \tare ine x pensive Si transistors - Just about anYthin9 ~ 4ta0v0 mWwill do, altho ugh some uni ts will regulate be tter ..... ZEN ERtha n o thers. Th e H EP 24 5 an d H EP 24 6 must behea tsunk using silicon grease.analy sis will sho w that at higher audio to e nd up delivering a watt or so of i-f to thefrequencies (20 kHz o r so ), a few p F of amplifier o utput.capacity back to a non-inverting input termi -nal is quite sufficie nt to kick th e amplifier Not all oscilla tions are caused by fe edbackint o oscillat io n, Careful circuit lay out is throu gh the input stage. T hey may b e ca usedimportant. The o bvio us (a n d advisab le) alter- by the po wer su p ply . An o utp u t of 1W in tonat ive o f reducing the gain is so mewhat aliento the average ex perime nter. In th e world o f an sn load will generate a 3 .2 V signalICs, ga in is cheap and the user is ex pectedto apply so me restraint in his design . drawing 280 m A . Tho se are rrns volts and milliamperes. At the peak , 4 .5V at 36 0 rnA The amateur confro nte d with an oscilla t- will be required o n each side o f ze ro. For aing amplifier has several alternatives: single su pply, th e p eak vo ltage an d c urre n t will be 9V and 720 m A, 720 rnA may n o t I. Reduce the B+ voltage . sound very impressive , bu t it is more th an 2. Reduce the gain (t he dat a sheet will two -third s o f a n a mpere. Sud de nly slap pingin dica te how ). a 720 rnA load on a po wer sup ply imp ose s a 3. Em ploy negative fee dback to reduce load o n that power su pply, an d in t y picalthe gain. usage , that load is being tu rned on and off Oscill ations don't have to be ca used by hundreds of time s a second . When a lo ad isaudio fee dback. Most of the ch ips we are imposed on a power supply, the o utputdiscussing will opera te very well at seve ral voltage d rop s. Depending o n the ty pe o fhundred kll z, o r even up to a few do zen s u p pl y, the transformer po wering it ,MHz. If a ' few pF can ca use feedb ack e tc ., - the voltage drop might b e n egligibleproblems at audio frequencies, it isn 't hard o r it might be catastrophic. A semico nducto rto imagin e what a fe w fra ctions of a pF can regulated supply can b e built with a n egli-do at a co uple o f megahertz unless ste ps are gible voltage drop . A fresh , large capacitytaken to limit the high frequency resp onse. battery will do well also . On the o ther hand ,The necessary bypass co mpo ne n ts (if any ) an unregulated power supply, a low capacit ywill be indi cated o n th e manufacturer's data batt ery , o r an old, partially depleted b att erysheet. If the lC is to be used in a receiver, will change voltage drastically . In a test , aone must not forget to put a low pass filter 750 rnA drain on a se miconducto r supplybetwee n the de tec tor and the l C if o ne is not sho wed a drop from I I to 10 .5 V. On t he ot h er hand , a 330 rnA lo ad o n a batt eryFEBRU AR Y 19 74 27

which was (and is) normall y used to deliver th e Allie d/ Ra d io Shack quad pa ck (catal og 276-530 ) provides 24 tran sistors for $ 1.98,3 m A to a FET preamplifier , cu t the voltagefro m 5 to U.5V. Attempting to operate an IC the driving tra nsis tors can be so cket mount-audio am plifier from a power su pply lik e the ed , and regarde d as 84 fuses. The 2N54 86slatt er would be hopeless. T he circ uit wouldsimply cu t itself o ff whenever it sta rted to are used as consta nt cu rren t sou rces fo r th edelive r any appreciable powe r, resulting in athumpi ng low freque ncy oscillatio n kno wn 2as \" moto rboating.,. OUTPUT A regulated power su p ply is highly re - ,eco mme nde d fo r development of th e circ uit HON-INV'fRTWG N'VT 4 OfFSET NlA.Lin whic h th e IC is to be run ~ even if it isevent ua lly to be used with a battery , Figu re v-2 inclu des the sche ma tic for a satisfactorypo wer su pply . It does not include overload .IIL74 1pro tec tion excep t in th e sense th at t heepoxy driving transistors will generally pop OfFSET NVL.L v+be fore the o u t pu t t ransisto rs ex pire , Sin ce INVERTING INPUT' O - - OUTPUT .IILT41 .'O- --...-() NON- INVERT ING INPUT ~'--~__~ OFFSET NlJU. v- LM201 -l::-tOJl...COMIPNfNPUSATTLIAOGN ~l- v. I\"VEInING INPUT OVTPUTINPUT~IOI( v- OUTPUT LAG COMP f NSATION GAIN · R2 /R I ,LTOO R2 6 ,81< , ~p----.>----~--<: + 11'1 ~o, HEP 2~ 2. L - f ,,'Js - , 2 .2.1\, - \"' \"2 \"'-TOO ; >----.--~ - - - - _) I- - - - - - - -~--...- OUTPUT 8-1&\"\" ~l/V '---'ll---' .4 7 .11 ' • 2.2\"\" ,. ;;02 H,.E., L ~'_-----4----_+-0-lJV Fig. 3 . (a) A very simp le op-amp am plifier . (b ) Base d iagrams for th r ee popular op-amps. (c) An op-amp used as a dr iver for a high p ower ed outpu t st eqe,28 73 MAGAZINE

Table I - Audio Amplifier Integrated Cilcu it DataAmplifer Power Power Man ufacturer Inp ut Output Input for z ere Di sto rtion PriceTvp e Outpu t Supply / Source Im pedance Impedance Out pu t (Perce ntage (See Tab le II I) Full Output Dlstortionl 6.95 Single9 - 12V (Into 1I11 Eurra nt Power) .35«' up Dual !3-111 V Ilrain 2.99 except CA3020) 10%l. lIW 349 t2mA see tedIlisctete 1.4W --/2 2K 1I & 16 11 'm V Unkn own 3.50 3-5mA 17 .10Dp Amp .2 -.5W Many/l ,3,4,6 56K 150- 4001l See Text 10%1.55W 7.95 (1I - 35 rnA 10%!l WCA3020 } .550W Single 3-9V RCA / 3 1K (1 4-30 rnACA30Z0A ) tW Single 3- 25V RC Al3 5%/ 1WKD2115 ) .55W RCAl4 ,5 cr 200H I 5%/l .1 W Single 3-9V 50KMC1454 1.4W 11 - 20 mAMCt554 1.lI W Dual ! lIV MotolOla/ 3 3- 10K 0,411 Optional 11 -1 5rnAHEP 593 See text Dual t lI V Moto lola !3 7- 10 K 0,211 Dual ±8V for all three Moto rola !manV 2l10 mV,155 mV 75 mVMC1306 .2W Single 9-1 2V Motolola!3 High 0.511 3 mV 'rn A 1%1.2W 1.10MF C4000P .25W 'mATAA l fl O .aw Single 3- 12V Motorola!3 Modera te 15 mV 9 mA 3%/ .2W .99PA237 2W 3- 15 rnA 3%!.5WTT ·1W tW Single 6-9V Arnpelex/2 16K H I 10 rn V 5%/ZW 3.95 5- 10%ItW unknow n Single 9-27V G.E ./unk. 40 K .lI5H a mV 1.98 Single 20V Westinghouse!l 50- 400K 0.311 140 mV Ta ble II _ Add,tional Audio ICs ze ners. They require a 4 t o 5 V vol tage drop fo r pro pe r opera t io n . They can be replacedIde n t Ma nufactu rerl Powe, Pri ce wit h resistors selec ted to set ze ner c urre n t at So urce (See Tab le III )PA263 295 5 mA or more a t ma xim u m load . T he ze nersMF C9 0 20 G EJ l lW 2.50C6004 Motorola/3 'NI 2.90 may have t o be repl aced with high er powerC60 05 Mo to ro la/ 3 lW 4 .3 5 u nits .C6006 MOforol a/3 5 ,60SE54 0 L Mot or o la/ 3 \".2W Un known If an overlo ad protected su pply is to beNE540L Signe tic.17 2 ,50 used , th e c urre n t limit mu st be se t highSL630 Signellcsn,l Driv e' 5.35 e no ugh to perm it ma ximum power peak s toS N7600 l Ple sseyl3 Unknown pass. If th e a mplifie r is even t ua lly t o be ru nS N76003 T ex as Inst / 3 O\"\"er Un known from a batt ery sup ply , a large value cap aci-S N7 6 005 Texas Inn /3 Un known Unk nown to r across the power lead s will h elp so me inSN760 13 Texas Inst/3 Un knownSGS 4 Te xas Inst /3 lW 2,50 San ke n 3W 5W 3W 'W Tab le I II _ Ie Suppli ers (Numbe rs refer to \" source·' In T abl es I .. nd III1. Polypa k, Pile\" d oes nOi incl u de po st aqe . 25% ex te ndi ng t he a mo un t of internal resista n ceP,O , Bo x 9 42R depo, it on C.O, D .' . No mlllim um o rd er. wh ich ca n be t olerat ed in th e batte ry -Ly n nf ie ld MA 0 1940 Ofl\"n (bu ! nOI dlwa y sl .oc toce s data sheet> o n ICs. th ereb y ex tending th e useful li fe of the2. AI!;e dlRadio S hack , battery . Nationwide 'ranchl>ed SIOfes - c heck3. Circuit Specialists yo ur !e lep ho ne d.rectorv Ad\".. rt ,ses O ne fi na l no te before we ge t into discus-80~ 3043 th at \"ems from ;nd ustr 'al cdl a log m ay be sio n of th e in divid ual ICs. Audio amplifierscousoere AZ 85257 ordered ff Om loca l stor e s, wh lth wo uld ICs are intended for speech reproduction. ma ke m ost ICs availahle Iro m rhern . T his means th ey mu st handl e voice peak s without disto rti on . Sine waves pack a lot A dd 35i fo r shipp,ng No mm'mum more energy than ty pical voice waves. When testing an amplifi er wit h a n a udio oscilla to r o rder. Somel ,mes inclu des data sheets. They ind icate t hey Ca n SUl-lply ju st about any semiconducto r Or IC, a nd therefore t hey ma y be a good so urce for S, gne lics, Motor o la. elc.. Wh fCh are nol carrie d b y Alli ed .4 . Allied Indu'trial Post age is nOl included. M' nimum orde r an d a sco pe , avoid driving th e amplifier for2400 W. Wash lnglon Blvd is $ 5, wll h a $ 1 h and li ng cha rge on or· any length of time at anyw here near theChic ago IL d ers up to$ 10 , T han ks to the nation w 'de level a t which th e wave peaks sta rt t o be existence o f Allied lRadio Sh ack stores. clip ped, since it will probably b e d elivering5, Lafa yette Corp . sales t ax is requ ired in mOSl st a tes . D ata far more power than it was designed to1 11 Jericho Tu rnp ike sheets are no t in c luded , See 2 above for deliver, and will sho rtly co rrec t that sit ua-Svosset. L. I., NY 1 1791 an atrer natwe ordering method. tio n by melt ing after which it will not6 . HA L Devices Postage not ,\" eluded , A dd 50,.. ha nd lingBox 365H cha, ge On orders of less than $5.00. deliver any power at all.Urbana IL 61801 P roba b ly will sh ,p UPS despite ex p lic it requ est for p arc e l cos t. T he Amplifiers in Table I. Postage nOi ,nclu de d, add 75,.. Will st np UPS u nless otherwise speci f ied7 S ,gn et lcs Cor p Si gneti cs supp lier s a re hard 10 cOm e b y Discrete. T h is is a fou r tran sistor, tran s-8 11 East Arq ues Ave . A poli te tetter to t h is add ress m ay fo rme r co uple d a m plifie r. It requires ab outSu nn yvale CA 9 4086 prod uce an indication o f who can sUl-lply six cu bic in ches of space. It was included to the CltC\", t for y o u A ltern dflvely , try SOu rCe 3 aboveFEBR U AR Y 1974 29

demonstrate that ICs are competit ive wit h patience 10 waiti ng for a mail-o rdereddiscrete amplifiers in all significant areas. MC 1454 instead of rushing down to th e store to buy an HEP59 3 is well rewarde d . Op-A mp, We do not ordinarily think of The principal drawback of this IC is theoperational amplifiers as audio output requirement for dual power supplies. If,stages, primarily because their package dis - however, the equipment already had dualsipations are rather low and t heir output supplies and more power was required t hanimpedance is rather high . However, when t he 200 mW or so that can be coaxed ou t ofused with high impedance phones or trans- an op-arnp , this wou ld probably be the lC toformer coupled to low impedance pho nes choose.t hey will produce all the earphone volumewhich co uld possibly be desired. Loudspeak- MC1306. T his is listed in some p laces as aer volume is marginal, b ut sa t isfactory for a 500 mW IC, a nd t he max imum packagequ iet e nviro n me nt. T he am plifier o f Fig. 3a dissipati on is eve n higher. Ho weve r, th ehas got to be about as si mp le as you ca n get : harmonic distortion cu rve goes th rough atwo batteries, a pot, an IC and headphones. righ t a ngle be n d a nd heads straigh t upIt provides a comfortab le liste ning level o n I between 200 a nd 300 mW. With in its powerm V input. Figure 3c shows the u se of an limitations, th is is an outstan ding bargain atop-arnp as a driver. Q I and Q2 are inexpe n- $ 1. ] O. The specs are very good . It seems ansive epoxy transistors. The diodes a re silicon excellent choice for portable equipme ntcomputer types. The output transistors re- (alt hough my own choice would be thequire heatsinks. R 1 and R2 cont rol gain - in op-amp of Fig . 1a), a nd for receivers whichFig. 3c it is set to 10 . The capacitor CI may are generally used with earphones, but maybe required to cut a tendency toward high occasio nally be used with speakers whenfrequency oscillation . Power output is more demonstrating the radio to friends.than adequate and t he fidelity is excellent.Frequency response is fla t fro m 5 Hz to MFC4000P. This is intended for portableabove 10 0 k Hz. rad ios. It is a four term inal deivce, whic h is about as simple as you ca n get. In gene ra l, CA3020, CA3020A, KD2115. These are o ne wo u ld be inclined to use it in t he sa methree versio ns of t he sa me ch ip which is so rts of app licatio ns as the MCI 30.61'. It hasnom inally a high power, wide ban d a m plifier. a lot of gain, a nd (u nlike the MC1 3061') noThe KD2 115 is sold in a package wit h obvio us way to co nt ro l the gain . T his co uld2-KD2114 a nd 2-KD2 1 16. The price is make it so mew hat hard to ta me.$5 .90, which isn 't too bad since t he KD211 4is the CA30 18 transistor array . T he KD2 1 16 TAA300. T his widely -available IC f re-seems to be the same as the CA3036 dual que nt ly appears in articles . It requires a heatdarlington array . The CA3020 is somewhat sink for maximum powe r output. It willunusual. Among its peculiarities are an deliver enough power for any reasonableoptional emitter follower input stage which application. Certainly a better choice t ha n permits a choice of input impedances; the the CA3020 for a receiver output stage, theconnection of the final emitters to exte rna l worst problem in using it will probab ly becontacts to allow emitter resisto rs to be tha t of tryi ng to get anything like t he provided, and a h igh output imped an ce pote ntia l se nsitivity out of it wit hout feed - which requires t ransformer coupli ng. Al- back problems. t hough excellent for suc h uses as Q RP 4 0 and 80 meter tra nsm itte rs, etc., th is ch ip PA237. This IC has ap pea red as t he wou ld no t be my choice fo r a receiver aud io ou t pu t stage o f ma ny rece ivers in 73, QST, amplifier. and Ham Radi o during th e past tw o yea rs. The specs a re excelle n t. T he grea tes t diffi- MC1454, MC1554, HEP5 93. Again th e culty is findi ng a su pplier. Yo u migh t t ry same chip in three differe nt guises . T he your local GE dist ribu tor o r Circu it Special- MC1554 is the premium versio n, the ists (see Table III ). MCI454 the commercial version, and the HEP593 is the experimenter's version . An TT-l W. The specs on t his look fine a nd examination of the prices shows that t he price is certain ly moderate enough . Kenney30 73 MAGAZINE

\ROHN manufacturerstowers that are designed andengineered to do specific jobsand that is why we have the FOLD-OVER TOWER ... designed for the amateur. •When yo u need to \"get at\" your antenna just turr (the handle and there it is. Like other RO HN bigcommunication tower s, th e y're hot dip galvanizedafter fabri cati on to provi de a mai ntenance free,long li ved and attrac tive install ation . RO HN towersare known and used throughout the world ... foralmost a quarter century . . . in most every type ofoperation . You ·1I be in good company. Why notcheck with your distributor today?RDHN MANUFACTURING €~~® DIVISI O N OF---IP.O . Box 2000 Pe oria , III. 6 1601FEBRUARY 1974 31

David Schmarder WA2HNJ 4 Pin wood Circle Corning NY 14830 A SIMPLE S EEP GENERATORFOR MONITOR SCOPESA Short lime ago I finished building a volt age th at these bulbs will fire at , usually monitor sco pe for my SSB rig and I abou t 70 vo lts.found th at I need ed a 30 Hz sweep genera-tor. It had to be a sawtooth wave, so that let Referring to th e circu it diagram, R2 , R3out using a 60 Hz sine wave . Not needing a and CI is just a simple RC timing circuit.fancy generator I thought back to a simplex The rate in which the co ndenser charges,experiment that I performed at college using dep ends on the values of R2, R3 and C l.a neon bulb as a relax ation oscillat or for However , when CI charges to a certain valueproducing a sawtoo th wave . of voltage, the neon bulbs which are co n- nect ed across it will fire and the condenser This is a simple circuit to understand if a will then discharge through the neon bu lb.few basic facts are kn own abo ut neon bulb s. Then the co ndenser will start charging againFirst is its resistance . When the neon bulb is and the cycle starts over. and a sa wtoo thnot firing, the resistance is in the megohm wave is being ge nera ted.range. But wh en th e bulb is firing , h eavyconductio n occurs which mean s that the R I is a pot which is used as a voltageresistance is low. Second . there is a certain cont ro l fo r th e circuit. The top en d of the.HV po t is co nnec ted to a vo ltage so urce o f abou t 500 vo lts. The po lar ity makes no , .z diffe rence . The value of this pot shou ld be at .3 least 500 Kn . NE·2 The n eon b ulbs are NE-2 type, or what have you . For C I I used a .005 /IF with an Co .0 5 MFO adequate vo ltage ra ting. AT 2KV The larger th e sweep width you wan t t he Fig. 1. Circuit diagram. more neon bulbs should be placed in series . I fo und that four bulbs in series gave me a32 good sweep width . This circuit I fo und was the simplest and the cheapest th at could be built to produ ce the sweep needed to make my monitor go . . . .WA 2HNJ 73 MAGAZINE

• 00 • come In sma o I , J I v' IThat description fits the INOUE IC-22. What other 2 meter unit has 22channel capability in a 2%\" X 6\" X 8Y:.\" package for under $300.007The IC-22 incorporates the latest in miniaturization and printedcircuitry. Once you look inside an IC-22, you will immediately realizewhy I NOUE is rated tops in the 2 meter FM field.Supplied with five channels, this little package is ready to go at $289.00plus sales tax if applicable, UPS pre-paid to your door.Call us today or better still, drop in for a demonstration. Bank-Americard accepted ... PHONE 518-842-8350 RADIO SUPPLY, INC Serving th e radio amateur since 1936 185 W. Main St. Amsterdam, NY 12010 Tel. (5181 842·8350FEBRUARY 1974 33

W. Njel Coward K2PMMI F8 clo 73 MAgazine Peterborough NH 03458\ - ...T hose new repea ter regulations remind The \"poll of membership sentiment\" men- me of a tim e in ham histo ry, another tio ned above was taken fro m QS L or post-time in wh ich we were give n the business by card mail retu rns in answer to the propo salnew regulations. We didn 't ne ed them then ,either. ( No. I ) made in t he J uly 193 8 issue of QS T, o n page 26 . The poll was _.. en only to On Octo ber 4, 19 38, the FCC adopted a me mbe rs of the League . Answers could no tset o f new ama te ur regulations, effective be qualified ; th ey had to be \" Yes\" or \"No\"Decem ber I , 193 8. This was a complete and they had to be received at A RRL Headquarters by noon o f September 1,rewrite of Chapter XII. Of particular interest 193 8. It is interesting to note that theto us were Parts 152.4 1 and 152.4 2. To quote A RRL request to change these rules wasfro m QST, Decem ber 193 8, page 14 : \"No ac te d u pon by the FCC on October 4, 19 38 !mo re modulated oscilla tors and raw ac in th e5-me te r band . The requirement to use ade- Our S me ter band in those day s was S6 toq uately-filte red de su pply, have stab le signa ls 60 MHz, years later to become part of T V Cha nnel 2 as we were shifted to 50-5 4 MHzand to avoid o ver-mo dulatio n and frequency to form the 6 meter band. And these weremodulation is now exte nde d to 60 MH z. Thesame rules now ap ply to t his band t hat have the pre-World War II depressio n yea rs. Likepreviously ap plied be ing 30 MH z. QS T re-cently took a poll of membership sentiment most other teen-age hams of that era we hado n t his questio n and found about 87% of the no money to spend o n expensive communi-replies in favor of thevcha nge, so we are su re cation receivers, high power tube s and partsit will be generally acceptable. Simple tra ns- required to get us o n phone on the lower frequency bands where the actio n was .ceive rs and self-excited osc illa to rs and other Ho wever, on 5 me ters we could use receivinge xperi me ntal appara tus may still be used tubes and o ther pa rts scrounged from o ld bro adcast radios. On 5 me ters we co uld talkabove 11 2 MH z.\" with our co ntemp o ra ries, o ther teenagers with that same inexp licab le desire to build , The new regulations we re th e dire ct resultof the ARRL requesting a change o f ru les.3 4 73 MAGAZ INE

NURMI ELECTRONIC SUPPLY create, and talk via radio. Most o f us were Departments 28 not ARRL members and o nly an o ccasional 1727 Donna Road ' West Palm Beach, Fl ori da 33401 25¢ was spen t for a newsstand copy of QST. PHONE - (305) 686·8553 The $2. 50 per year for a su bscrip tio n and membership in the ARRL was more than mHEP170's this teenager earned in a week with his newspaper route.THE \" DO EVER YTH I NG\" 2% AMP, 1000 VO L. T DIOD E But we were all having a ball o n 5 meters!Motorola is catch ing up on the backlog and we've ga l t ho usand s Receivers were simp le su per-regens with a 56, 76 , or a 6J5 as the dete ctor, followed byof them back in stock . 10/53,00 ·- 100/525.00 two stages of audio . Transmitters were near- ly all of the uncomplicated self-excitedOOcn3LJO 40673'8 \" TNT\" type , using 76's, 45 's, or I O's: later the dual triod e 53 or the 6A6. ModulatorsTHE MOST POPU LAA DUAL GAT E PROTECTED MOS FET were o f the Heising type, where we could use a filter choke as a modulation choke.around. Good to over 4 00 MHZ. We qot'm and vou get 'em (Who could affo rd a modulation trans- fo rmer? ) And the antennas were something.for only. . . . . . . 5/$6.00 Towers - hah! We used fence wire guyed wood masts made from hand-cut 2 X 2's or2N4220A OTHER FET'S $2.0 7 spliced bamboo rug poles. Trees, if handy,lN4221A 2.03 were also utilized. We built our antennas out2N4222 N ·JFET of cop per wire usually ; so me times we were2N4222A N · JFET 1.70 eve n able to scrou nge (? ) an 8-fo ot pie ce of2N5454 N-JFET ~-i n ch copper pipe. Coax was so meth ing we2N5592 N · JFET 2.03 read abou t. We used 2-inch spaced open wire2N5593 N · JFET 2.00 feeders with waxed wood spreaders, delta- N · JFET 2.00 mat ched to a vertical half-wave rad iator.MFE3004 N ·JFET 2.00 Twisted lamp cord was frequently used to N · MOSFET feed a \" J\" antenna. Antenna relays were 1.80 virtually nonexistent. A good many of us used two blade porcelain-base knife switchesRG-174/U stocke d by hardware sto res for antenna changeover. The more so phis ticated 5 meterWE WENT T HROUG H 20 MILES OF IT LA ST TI ME!We are au thorized Belden Distribu tors and new shipments statio ns had two antennas, one for receivinghave come in Irom the factory. Split a 500' spool with a friend and the other for transmitting. With thisand save $$$$$ arrangement we found we could work du- plex! Here was the height of hamming!BELDEN NO. 82 16 101Y/$4.S0 - 500'/$17.85 Then the roof fell in on December I,LED Readouts m, ' 1938. Suddenly 5 meters became a vast, almost emp ty, wasteland. Where was that SIZE COLOR OECIMA L EACH SPEC IAL 87%? We suspected they had never left 20 and 75 meters in the first place. Too late weOPCOA SLA· l .33 Red Yes 2,95 4/$11 realized that limiting that poll to ARRL members was decidedly unfair. Right up toOPCOA S LA· l 1C .33 Green Yes 4.95 4/$1 6 our entry into World War II in December of 1941, 5 meters rema ined unused for allOPCOA S LA·3H .70 Red Yes 4.50 4/$1 6 practical purposes. A ll use 7447 Drivers. Specs included. Will we see a similar fate result in repeater activity?RF POWER TRANSISTORS .. .K2PMM/F8We did it again · All brand new with standard m ar kings and 35most were manufactured t his year. A major manufactu rerdropped his RF power line and we bought his inventory.2N55S9 3 Walts Out $ 3.502N5590 10 Watts Out 6.002N5S91 25 Watts Out 12.002N6080 5.00 4 wens Out2N6082 10.002N6083 25 Walts Oul 12. 002N6084 30 Wa tts Out 15.00 40 Walls OutAU are Silicon NPN and power output ra tings are good to175 MHZ. Hurrv some Quantities are limited.KEYSTONE PERF . 'H>BOARO <j> '<j> <j>- <j> $ G·l0 Glass Epo xy T ~·.· ~ Perf Board 3/64\" Thick. <j>'HH>$No. Size (in.1 Price·· UNCLAD···4229 2 x 4% $ .854230 2x6 1.094 231 4% x 6 1.554232 17x 6 5. 75··COPPER CLAD O NE SIDE·····4238 2 x 4% 1.354239 2x 6 1.85424 0 4%x 6 3.204 241 17 x 6 6.70 _ _ WE GUARANTEE WHAT WE SELLIIII _ _ whoo.-.w. ship UPS poUlbl•. G i... nr_1 add..... lncludll \",aug/! for PDI~, u,,\"\" \"'fur>d&d in cash. Floridol ......U Includll4% Til•.FEBRUARY 1974

is the answerto your ampli ier needsPA3 - 1AEll AS (2 meters) TPL REPEATER CONFIGURATION (220 coming soon) If repeaters are your thing, TPL has the answer. Order any TPL amp in the repeater configuration. Designed to mount in standard 19\" rack. Completely RF shielded with AC supply and forced air cooling.TPL 20 to 35W Amp. If your needsare 450, this is your amp. Up to 35watts or more when driven by yourmobile or handheld. PA3 - 1EEll AEll DE (2 meters)Now here Is some great news from TPL ... ,' \". ..... 10 -. ~-•... ~• • TPL 5010Swan MB 40 20W PEP -140W PEP OUTPUT Put a pair of shoes on your new solid state transceiverfrom Swan on any low power rig between 2 to 30M Hz. TPL carries a complete line of amplifiers up to 400watts between 2MHz and 516MHz. talk _ COMMUNICATIONS INC.po~er 13125 YUKON AVENUE/HAWTHORNE , CALIF. 90250/(213) 1171·0131

Al Lee KH6HDM 204 Makee Road H onolulu HI 9681 5 I ]• , , . /\ \...For quick 'Il easy c o n tacts , A ve rt ical fo r 15 or 20 meter operation insta nce, for 15 me te rs cut fo ur radial s 3 20 is real easy and inexpensive to put e m long and fix insula tors with co nnectingup. In a clear a nd ope n space, drive a ny lo n lin es. One end of th e nylon lin e is attac hed to th e wo oden stake base of thewoo de n stake in the eart h for abou t o ne vertica l. A lead fro m each ra dia l is joined to fix to th e o ther side of the coa x co nnec to r.foo t . T his is t he base for a T V pole which Each e nd o f th e radial is fanned o ut to 9 0°has been loose ly attac hed to a second pole a nd stak es sup po rt the o t he r end o f thewith two \" U\" clamps (see Fig. I and Parts radial wires whi ch are att ached to th eList ). By sliding the seco nd pol e t rombone- insula tors. Wire lengt h for 20 meter o pera-sty le, o ne ca n adjust the second pole from ti on I found to be 4 70 e m.the ground for late r t uning with an swrmeter. I set the h eight off the grou nd of th e Adjustmentlower end of the vertical at three feet moreor less. With yo ur swr meter and a transmitted signa l yo u can bring you r Quick 'N Easy Now three lengths o f nylon line are vert ica l quit e clo se to I: I by adju sting theattached to the upper \"U\" cla mp and the lengt h o f the vertica l eleme nt. Then tightenvertica l is elevate d by lashing the TV pole to t he \" U\" cla mps which hold the two polesthe driven stake and fix ing the lengths of toge t he r.nylon line to th e driven steady stakes. Yourvert ical is no w in the air a nd can be firme d Raising and lowe ring th e rad ial attac h-u p at t he base a nd with t he nylon guys. men t at th e base of th e vertical will give a goo d impedan ce rna tch with imp roved swr Pick out your choice of opera tio n of reading. From th e tie do wn, th e radial s are pa ralle l with th e gro u nd.eit her 15 o r 20 mete rs a nd fix t he TV polelen gth a t a test length of 320 e m for 15 Modificationsmeters o r 4 70 e m for 20 mete rs. Put th ethird and last \"U\" clamp at the base around There are several modifications wit hthe wo oden sta ke an d the TV pole . A sho rt which you might experiment.length o f wire from the \" U\" c lamp to oneside o f the coax co nnecto r will co mple te the First, you could try subst it uting a watervertical part of this antenna. pip e, spri nkler syste m, o r a rod driven in the earth for the radial sys te m. Also , I've addedThe Radial System a base tuner to th is type o f groundi ng syste m. Chic ke n wire st re tc hed from the Yo ur quarter wave gro und pla ne vertical vertical base will ac t almo st as well as thewill work best with a wire ra dia l syste m rad ial wi res. In yo ur shack, yo u co uld use awhich is quick a nd easy to make . ForFEBRUARY 1974 37

KITS Sub-Audible tone Encoder $8.95 operating as a type o f comp ro mise o n both 15 and 20 meters. My vertical will o ut per- form this unit and has a better swr across the band ,• Compat ible wi th all sub-au d ible t o ne sy st ems su ch as Advantages Priva te Line, C ha n ne l G ua rd, Quiet Chan ne l, etc . This t ype of antenna has many advan-• G lass epoxy PC B 's & Silic on x str s throu ghout. tage s.• A ny reeds, e xcep t special dual COl i ty pes may be used: First, one builds this antenna in t he Motorola , G .E ., RCA , S. D. L., Bra mco , e tc. absence of formula s, slide ru les, calculato rs.• All a re powe re d b y 12 vee . a lot o f real estate o r a great kn owledge of• Use on any tone freq uency 67 H l to 250 H z electronics. Your transmitter, an swr meter and a little limberness is all that is need ed ,e Smau size 1 .5 x 4 x .75\" Second , the vertical is built j ust o ff the• A ll p a r ts inc lu ded exce p t reed a-nd r eed socket ground with no necessit y o f poles, towers or• Post paid - Ca lif. resident s add 5 % sales ta x high trees. This redu ces the costs and the obj ections o f your XYL o r neighbors, COMMUNICATIONS SPECIALISTS Third, there is no need to climb ladders, P. . 80x 15 r aCA 221 towers, tre es, the ro of, o r fences.ACTIVE AUDIO FILTERS Adju stments for improved frequen cy and impedance are done by merely tilting the Ie' S FOR SUPER HIGI-I PERFORMANCF vert ical eleme nt after loosening the su pports. .........u 0<=. \" The radia ls are right at hand for cha ngingCW F ILTER (CWF·21 Gel razOl\" ~ lengths, direction . height abo ve the ea rthsharp select iVity; No «roeoe-ce - ............... ..1 '. ......\"..•• ., \" and th e angle at which th e radials leave thematching' 8W lw lec rab lel 80 Hz, vertica l elemen t. The placing o f th e antenna1 10 Hz , 18 0 Hz, Cente, :1 ~ ,• •• - -... ...u '\";~_ _2tfrequency F-75Q HI, Skirts 60db down at Y, F ..nd 2F ; 4 upamps; 2\" x3\" PC hoard; 514 95wired , tested. !IlJdfanteed.5 12.95 kit . CWF·2 : $ 12.95 KIT, $ 14.95W IREDCW MINI FIL T ER ICWF·3) l Y,\" ~2\" PC board; Center freQuency F ~750Hz; 30 db down al 'f,F and 2F ; BW 110 Hz; 2 op amps. S8 .95 wored ,tes ted, guaranteed. S7.95 kit.LOW PASS FILT E R {LP F· lj ReSlS1or~ WI cu tofl 500 Hz to 2'0 KH z;FactOfv set to 2.5 KHz . Rollolf 48 db pe ' oct eve: Input imp 1 M . Gam 1,5 OP arT'lP5 ; 2\",,3\" PC boa,d. 516.95 W1r'Pd. te'lled. guaranteed ; S 1495 k 't. ••• ' p~ _ inclu de 55c pQstq on all order's · · · · WRITE FOR FREE SPEC SHEE TS,,!MFJ ENTERPRISES P.O . 80\" 494 C Miss. State. Ms 39762long wire tuner with any o f these arrays.With my long wire tuner I have worked both - - , :----.JT3V0 0POCMLEI15 and 20 meters with this vertical and agood water pipe ground. A variation herewith your long wire tun er might be th at youcould join to gether the cen te r, and th e braidof the coax. so that the vertica ls , radials, andthe transmission line might act as a q uarterwave for tuning in all of th e ama te u r bands. STAKE CO A X TOAll this can be worked and tuned against a 'OR SHACKground o btained from a water pip e. '\"' STAKE FORBeautiful gain can be o btained by co n- R ADIALst ructing a seco nd antenna a correct distan ce WOODENaway for directional phasing. Tapped coils at STA K Ethe base and in line traps co uld find you Fig. 1. Quick 'N Easy 15 or 20 m eter vertical madeenough research challenges to keep you off with two 300 em TV poles and a ground radialthat third stool in Joe's Bar for several systemmo n t h s. Parts List TV po les ca n be easily fi tted into each 2 - 300 em TV pores.o t her and guy ed so that a 40 and 80 metervertical ca n be co nstructe d. I haven 't tr ied 3 - \" U\" cla mps t o fi t across th e p oles. 5 - wooden stakes.this ye t. 1 - coa x co nnector (suc h as HQ1 , Budw ig Manu- factur ing Company, Bo x 97, Ram ona CA 9 2065.Comparison Price $2.951. I've had a chance to co mpare the Quick 1 - roll . of ny lon line (#20 . Sears Roebuck &'N Easy vertical with a commercial verticalwhi ch is 550 em hiah with 1000 em radials Company . Price $1.29). 1 - 1500 c m of #12 or thereabouts w ire . 8 - i nsu lat ors.38 73 MAGAZINE

in its fu nctio ning position is simple, with ~ FASCINATING HOBBY!minimal effo rt, with no pulleys, cra n ks,climbing or o ther hazard s. VINTAGE RA DIO brings y ou the pioneer days of wireless and radio in pictures. The Some arrays costing manyfold more than collector's bible , it opens the doors to at his simple an te n na are often out of reso- new hobby. Great browsing , too. Overnance plus other problems which reduce the 1,000 pictures, 263 pages. 188 7-1929 .efficiency, causing T VI and o th er critica lsit uatio ns. Solu tio ns and co rrect io ns to these Iproblems in more complica ted arrays tak einstruments and experience which aren't ieasy to co me by . AVOID DELAY; SEND TO DAY T his vertical depends o n its radials, with Mail che ck to Vintage Radio, Dep't 7,no need for a particular t yp e o f gro u nd o reart h and the radials bring a simple ground Bo x 2045 , Palos Verdes Peninsula. CA.• 90274right up t o the level o f an tenna function. Vintage Radio , hard cover $6.95 0 Be su re to put the antenna ou t in the Vin tage Radio, handbookclear, as th e ma ximal cu rren t at the base o f 4 .95 0the vertical wit h the low angle o f radiationwill defeat th is type o f installation in a Radio Collect or s Guide 3.95 0 Postage Pai d . Calif o rn ia res idents ad d 5 % T ax. N am e _ Table I St reet _Vert. el. 15m 20m C ity State _ Zip _Radial length 320cm 470 cmHeight of base 320cm 470 cm ENJOY THE OLD DAYS!from ground 90 cm 120 cmFour radials are used on each band.boxed-in lo cation . For e xa mp le, I o nce lCOMMUNICATIONSinstalled a store-bought vertical close to thehouse near a tree. After I cut the limbs off HOT CAR RIE R 010 oES· H~2aon \"..$ .90.121S I0 OD M. \"' hod Il, IlAL ....\",.... 41S4 2~the tree and made my XYL hopping mad , Imoved it into the cle ar. The an ten na worked ZENERS. Itt4119136.). lN41J)l l lo l, I tt4/ l ~(6 1. 1 , lN4 /Ja I8.b) ,great, but I still get static on that darned \"\"l. S ,1~tree. 1N413919 1v). IN4/_Z IIM. 1N4142112.1, 1 , LI NIARICS l ogN ,. S I ~ 10!1 L. 1l 0N . S1 1~ 141 N .. , , .S l . ~O _ MC14Z9G . Sll~ MCI496G. .. S32~ MC 1 ~90G , \" SU O OIG HAL ICS f el9ZL ...S 9D MCl6 1P ,.. \". S3.30 MC12lP \".\".,.\",. S 9~ MRTL MCI8IP. SI.lO MClaDP Sl~ MC89OP ,.\", ,..Sl OO MCn_p, M 01 ~P. MC189f , MCJ91P $1 O~ MC/J 1P SII~ MCnOP ..\" SJ JO MC9160f SH~ O(~ T fl 1400. J401, J401. 141 0. J410. 14JQ . 144n. .. .. \" ,.. S _, H TS J4G' . J4 0~ S .ti O 1441, J49~. 1496 \",.. , nno 1441 , ,. S2 2 ~ S./~ 1413,1411 , \" , . S 1. 0 ~ J4H , \", S2 40 J411 J4ll1 \" , $140 Last summe r I construct ed two phased 40 J48ti ,., S I .l~ 1490, 1492 J19J S2 1Q 1N3119 S ~§meter verticals in the border of o ur yard.The rf was so co mp le tely absorbed that a 4061JM OSH T\" SHO MPfl Ol. ..., 5 .60stro ng wind would only carry my signal acouple of blocks. TO ROIOS l od.... G.o IC fI0106 .Cfln101,Cf lQI 01 S . ~n c n02 03, SI 2~ H RIIO XCU BE fER RITE BEAOS ..,1O!S U~ CINC MICSOC KETS 8 ICS, 14 0 If . S6 0 10ICS.1 ti- 0 IP ....S ./ 0 MAN Y OTH ER OEVICES ANO CO MfO NE NTS IN STon .wIlIH fOR CATAL OG Lastly , I tried an alu min um rod o ver the HAL COMMUNICATIONSbalc ony o f this st eel monster high-rise co n-dominium. This tipp ed-over vertical pushed Box 365l, Urbana IL 61801 • 217·359·7373all of the rf into the building . I now use myfish-p ole antenna which clears the building COMMUNICATIONSand it works great. _HAL 10-1 REPEATER IDENTIFIER So, be sure to put the Quick ' N Easy in .... .In.''>the clear. I' ve learned. -., _ _ The measurements in Table I give you the Circuit board wired & tested $75.00set of figures in my QTH with it s set ofcircu mstances. You ma y need to try your With rack w/cabinet $115.00own measurements. So pick up cou rage and TTL logi c. Po wer line frequency cou nte r for 3be with it. minute or less t im ing and co nt ro l. Easily re- . .. KH6HDM programmabl e di ode ROM uses onl y 27 diodes (depending on cal l) t o se nd DE \" any call\". Low impedance aud io with volu me and tone cont rol. All circu itry incl uding PS o n sma ll G 10 glass PC board. Write f or f u l l d etail s. HAL COMMUNI· CATIONS. 80x 365L. Urbana IL 61801FEBRUARY 1974 39

New Heathkit 2-meter Transceiver ONLY $17995 *HW.202 SPECIFICATIONS-RECEIVER-Sensitivity: 12 dB It's an all solid-state design that you can buildSINAO· (o r 15 dB of quieti ng) at .5.uv or less. Squelch and completely align without special instru-threshold : 0.3,uv o r less. Audio output: 2 W at less than 10 % ments. And this compact little beauty gives youtotal harm oni c d ist orti on (T HO). Operating frequency ete- 36 channel capability with independent push- button selection of 6 transmit and 6 receivebillty:Belter th an ±.0015% . Image rejection : Greater than crystals. 10 watts minimum output. Operates55 dB. Spurious rejection: Greater than 60 dB . IF rejecUon: into an infinite VSWR without failure. And for theGre ater th an 75 dB. First IF frequency: 10.7 MHz ± 2 kHz . ultimate in convenience there's the optionalSecond IF frequency: 455 kHz (adj ustab le). Receiver band- tone burst encoder for front panel selection of four presettable tones. The HW-202 kit includeswidth: 22 kHz nominal. De.emphasls: -6 dB per octave two crystals for set-up and alignment and sim-from 300 to 3000 Hz nominal. Modulation acceptance: 7.5 plex operation on 146.94; push-to-talk mike;kHz minim um . TRANSMITTER - Power output: 10 watts 12-volt hook-up cable ; heavy duty clips (or useminimum. Spurious oulput: Bel ow -45 dB from carrier. with temporary battery; antenna coax jack; gim-Stability: Better t han ±.00 15%. Oscillator frequency: 6 bal bracket, and mobile mounting plate.MHl, app ro xi ma te ly. Multiplier factor: X 24 . Modulation:Phase, adju stab le 0-7.5 kHz , w ith instantaneous limiting . Kit HW.202, 11 lbs., mailable . ... •............ . 1U.95\"Duly cycle : 100% w ith 00 VSWR . High VSWR shutdown : Kit HWA·202-2, Tone Burst En coder, 1 lb 24.35\"None. GENERAL - Speaker impedance: 4 ohms. Operat· Kit HWA·202·', AC Power Supply, 7 Ibs 29 . 9 5 \"Ing frequency range: 143.9 to 148.3 MHz. Current con-sumption: Receiver (squelched) : Le ss than 200 mAoTran s- Kit HWA~202-3, Mobile a-Meter Antenna, 2 Ibs...• . 17.95\"mitter : Le ss th an 2.2 amperes. Operaling temperturerange: _10° to 122°F (_240 to +500C). Operating vert- Kit HWA.202-4, Fixed Station 2-Meterage range: 12.6 to 16.0 VD C (13.8 VDC nom inal) . Dimen- Antenna, 4 Ibs... ......... ••. •.•..... .... ... .. . 15.95\"+ +sions: 2;'411 H x 8 Y4 \" W X 97,/8\" D.·SINAO = Sig nal noi se di st ortion Noi se + d ist orti on· .. and here's 40 watts out for your 10 watts inThe Heathkit HA-202 2-Meter Amplifier works with any 2-meter exciterdelivering 5-15 watts while pulling a meager 7 amps from any 12 VDCsystem. No additional power supplies are required. All solid-state com-ponents mount on a single circuit board for easy two-evening assembly.Manual shows exact alignment procedures using a YOM or VTVM. con-necting cable and antenna cable are included.Kit HA-202, 4 Ibs 69.95\"HA~202 SPECIFICATIONS - Frequency range: 143-149 MHz. Power output: 20W @ 5 W $6995 *in , 30W @ 7.5W in , 40W @ 10 Win, 50W @ 15 W in. Power Input (rf drive): 5 to 15W.Input/output impedance: 50 ohms, nom inal. Input VSWR: 1.5 :1 max. Load VSWR: 3 :1max. Power supply requirements: 12 to 16 VDC, 7 amps max. Operallng temperaturerange: -30° F. to +140° F. Dimension!: 3\" H x 4% \" W x 5Y2 11 D. . . . then there's this perfect 2-meter tune-up tool• The Heathkit VHF/SWR Bridge tests transmitter output in power ranges of 1 to 25 watts and 10 to 250 watts ± 10% of full scale. 50 ohm nominal impedance permits placement in transmission line permanently with little or no loss. Built-• in SWR bridge for tuning 2-meter antenna for proper match, has less than 10-watt sensitivity.., Kit HM-2102, 4 Ibs 29.95\" HM·2102 SPECIFICATIONS - Frequency range : 50 MHz to 160 MHz. Wattmeter accuracy: ±10% of full-sc al e re ading .· Power capability: To 250 W . SWR lenlillvity: less than 10 W. Impedance: 50 o hms nom in al. SWR bridge: Continuous to 250 W. Connector.: UHF type 50-239. Dlmen· etone: 5Y4\" W, 5)..{l' Hand 61h\" 0 , assembled as one unit. ·Using a 50 n noninductive load.See them at your ~r;;;A-:;-H~~~;~:;~1-:;- I Benton Harbor, Michigan 49022 1\". •.Heathkit Electronic Center - I 0 Please send FREE Heathkit Catalog. IIHEATHKIT ELECTRONIC CENTERS - ARIZ.: Pho en ix ; CA LI F.: I Enclosed is $ I, plus shippingAna he im . EI Cerrito, Los Angeles, Pomona. Redw ood Ci ty, SanDiego (La Mesal . Wood land Hi ll s ; CO LO.: De nver; CO NN.:Hartfo rd (Avon): FLA .: Miami (H ia leah) : GA .: Atlanta ; IL L. : 0 Please send model(s) IIChicago, Do wners Grove; IN D.: In d ianapol is ; KAN SAS: Kan sasCity (Mission) : M D.: Baltimore, Roc kvi ll e; MASS .: Bo ston I Name I(Wellesley): MI CH.: Det ro it; MINN .: M inneapol is (Hopkins) ; IMO .: St Louis ; N.J .: Fair Lawn ; N .Y.: Buffalo (Amherst) , New I AddressYo rk City, Jericho; L. I.: Rochester: OH IO: Cinc innati (Wo od- I City State Zip Ilawn) , Cleveland; PA. : Phil adelphia , Pittsb urgh; A.!. : Prov i- IL I\"Mail order prices; F.O.B . factory AM·287A Idence (warwtc k): TEXAS: Da llas, Houston : WASH.: Seattle :W IS. : M ilwa ukee.40 73 MAGAZINE

Bm Hoisington K1 eLL Farover Farm Peterborough NH 03458Control every thing in your shack [rommiles away via th e telephon e wires.H OW would you like to d ia l your ho me anywhere proceed as usual , until you call p ho ne (fro m anywhere), cu t out the from outside and actuate the pocket beeper. This 2 kHz signal goes through th e amp lifier,ring, listen to what's going on in your'shack , and turns o n an SCR (silicon co ntro lledturn your receiver or transmitter on or off, rectifier) which terminat es the line withetc .? around 300n which causes central office to prevent any bell ring, and make the co nnec- This article tells you how to build your tion. In effect, an elec tronic, non-mechani-o wn automatic phone monitoring and re- cal, handset-lift er.mote co ntro l sy stem. Basic items are aring-blocking, 2 kHz narrow band amplifier, With a high-gain mike and amplifier builtwith simulated handset lift-off, and a pocket into the system, you can now listen in, evenbeeper to carry with you away from hom e. to very minute sounds, in yo ur shack. Also,Just connect the red and green wires to the with more af transformers connected In , orinput. Incoming and o utgo ing calls from + VOLTS (APPROX. 30 VCLl'SJ \"7r, 2 KHZ 4K • ~ (10 VOLTS) nc, TRIG.rEL G • IIANTI- ZNO 300 scs ANOOE T RLOAOL.INE QRUEACDr - RING lSI ISTAGE REG! nprH. STAGE '/ FILTER IAMPLIFIER GATE- MOOllLATION STAGE (IF ANY) REO '\"T I , . 0 Fig. 1. Block diagram, 2 kHz amplifier.FEBRUARY 1974 41

E td4't~HR~2B gives 2156 BOLT HOLE a lot to talk over WHeN .r;== ~=:;;l... :::q ::::ASSEMBLED- 3/6 <, \"CERMAG\" __ NYLON - VMEARGYN EHTIGICH PEfI ~BlLlTY BOBBIN / CORE ~ Fig. 2. Cup core for 2 kHz amplifier. American Made Qualify at Import Pn c e branched off, yo u can act uate , by different beeper to nes, almo st any thing yo u want ,Full 12 Channel, 15 Watts including yo ur rig. So, start building.with HI/LO power switch Figure I , block diagram , sh ows the essen-Here is everything you need , at a price tials of the amp li fier , where the in pu t and output circuit are the principal item s differ-you like, for exc ellent 2 meter FM ing from \"ra dio\" work . The amplifier itself is esse ntially the same as an i-f job, just on aperformance. Th e 12 transmit channels lower frequency. So lo w in fact that yo u can listen to it if you wan t to , bein g o n 200 0 Hz.hav e individual trimmer capacitors The coils can be wound by the amate ur for optimum workability in point- builder onc e the high-permeability (mag- netic) cup-co res are obtained . Addresses of to-point repeater applications. suppliers are included.Operate on 15 watts (minimum) Vari ous additional telep hone circuits are sho wn to give y ou a few ideas o f what canor switch to 1 watt. 0.35 uv sensitivity be done fo r syste ms yo u might lik e to dream up yo urself. The input and o utput circuits and 3 watts of audio output will be detailed last because these w ill be o f yo ur o wn cho ice, and not nec essarily themake for pleasant, reliable listening. same as the examples sho wn here. And the compact package is 00 The Tuned Amplifier$matched by its price. Tuned circuits are the bread and but- Am ateur Net ter, also th e main co urse, in radio work by the home-brewer. Before the days o fE ~t~ELECTRONICS' INC. crystal filters for everybody, so und waves in 7707 Records Street metal, and the newer ceramic resonato rs , i-f Indianapolis, Indiana 46226 circuits for narrow band CW work were put on 50 kHz with expensive transformers usingAn FM Model For Every Purpose . . . Lit z (many strands o f enamelled wire fo rm- Every Purse ing one wire) wire and air-variable capacito rs for tuning. They worked , but were large and !j~~i>;~~~ I\~ ~ not low cost. Then came the era o f high magnetic permeability mat erials, which, in HR·6 HR·22D ACT 10-H/l1U the shape o f a small cup-core, see Fig. 2, about 1/ 2\" cube with as little as thirty turns12 Channel·IS Wall 12 Channels·l0 Walts 3 Band· l0 Channel FM o f wire, co uld be tun ed to 100 kH z. From this work came the little 1/4 \" 4 55 kH z i-f6 Met e' FM Transceiver 220 MHz FM Tran sceiver Scanne, Aeceiur jobs produced in the many millions by t he \"Nagasaki Hardware\" co mpanies. Also,42 73 MA GAZINE

sticking closer to home , \"Cer rnag\" cores, HERE IS A FIST FULL and similar items with a magnetic per- of 2 METER POWER meability several thousand times greater than air became available. Figure 2 shows America n Made size and shape of one of these, with a nice Qua lity at Import Price little bobbin for winding th e co il included by some suppliers. Model HRT-2 This particular design does not have the 5 Channel, Narrow Band familiar i-f tuning slug but does allo w yo u to 2.2 watt FM Transceiver wind up a tuned circuit for 2 kHz which is the goal in this article . The la ck o f the This light weight, \" take anywhere\" tuning slug can be o verco me by the use of transceiver has the \"Regency-type\"several fix ed capacito rs across the co il, thevalue of these capaci to rs being determin ed interior componentery to give youby the handy little item sho wn in Fig. 3 what others are looking for inwhich takes the place of a variable capacito rquite nicely at those frequen cies. Steps of portable communications. You get a 1000 p F are quite ad equate fo r use a t 2 kH z heavyweight 2.2 watt signal ... or ifor whichever of the telephone audio fre- you want, flip the HI/LO switch toquencies you wish to use. You can see the 1 watt and the receiver gives youproblem at a glance ; 455 kHz coils need 0.7 uv sensitivity and 0.5 wattscapacito rs in the range of 100 - 50 0 pF,13 5 kHz units can use up to 200 0 pF or audio. Both transmitter and receivermore, but at 2 kHz y ou need tuning capaci- employ band-pass circuitry so thattors in the 50 ,000 to 100,000 ran ge . power and sensitivity are maintained I have seen, in day s gone by , varia ble $ 00across the entire band. Get oneelectrolitic capacit ors that co uld tun e tho sevalues, even up to severa l Ji F, but doubt very to go... . onlymuch if any are now available today . At anyrate they would not do a good job herebeing made o f a po ol of elec troly te with acoating (anodic) o f thin insulation o n th erotary vane dipping into it. So , let 's get in to the coil details. On t hebobbin sho wn in Fig. 2, wind so me 240turns o f #36 enamel wire. The exact numb eris not too important because y ou have totune them up individually with fixed capaci-003.c>04 005 .QQ6 007 .04 .0 5 .06 .07 1:;;r Amateur Net E ~€A-\~ELECTRONICS, INC. 7707 Records Street Indianapolis, Indiana 46226 An FM Model For Every Purpose , , , Every Purse ~kllli=iO~!~, toO, • . /Fig. 3. Variable capacitor, 1000 - 100,000 p F (2 HR-2M S HR -212 AR ·2kHz amplifier). 8 Channe l Transcan 12 Channel·20 Watt 2 Meter FM FEBRUAR Y 1974 2 Meter FM Transceiver 2 Meter FM Transceiver Po wer Amplifier 43

tors, using the ca pacity b o x of Fig. 3. You CUP COREScan , o f co urse, d o without th at it em but ittakes longe r and that b o x is very handy to FOUR COMMONhave arou nd an ex perime n ter-bu il der's sh ack PINSanyway . The winding can be done by handusing th e set up shown in Fig. 4 , which is the BAKELI TE OR F IBERGL ASSway I did it , an d it is not too hard . Fasten ahand drill in a vise o n t he edge o f the table , FIBERGLASS PINSuse a 2/5 6 bolt as in Fig. 4b, and wind . Thehand drill I have gives ab out fo ur turns o f Fig. S. Tran sform er core m o unt (2 kHz am p l ifier ).the ch uck to o ne turn o f t he cra nk, so thatmakes co un ting easier. Afte r winding o n the After windin g, insert th e bo bbin ca refu lly240 turns, wind t he secondary on top of into one o f the cup co res an d place th e o t herthat , being sure to use different wire, or at half over it , takin g care to lin e up the co releast be sure and ident ify the windings. You slo ts so that th e fo ur wires ca n be b roughtca n easily tell wi th an ohmmet er, but it's easily ou t. Keeping the slo ts lined up (seebett er to be sure first abo ut such things. I Fig . 5a) insert and tighten the 2/5 6 bolt andused single silk-covered #38 for th e seco n- nut through th e cen ter of t he cores . In casedary. you wish to ma ke a miniat ure job o u t of it , the transform er moun ting met hod sho wn in .GTURN DRILL WIT H Fig. 5 may help. Drill the pin h oles shown o ne size smaller t han a co mmon pin , which , RIG HT HAN D ma y call for an .020 h ole an d a number 76 drill , and hammer t hem carefu lly in to the HOLD IN LEFT bakelite o r fib erglass sq uares using so ft so ap for lubrica tion . You will prob ably have to BOBBIN_~;;:_--;/ HAND fi NGERS use a micrometer in this wo rk . Put a piece o f insulation, such as 5 mil fib erglass under t he __lL_...c~~/L_~~ square plate to keep t he pin h eads from touching th e co pper, if you use a co pper-J2/56 • clad board to mo u nt them o n.BOLT HAND DRILL Figure 6 shows o ne of the tra nsfo rmer CHUCK circ uits with several fixed capacito rs fo r tuning. Aft er fi nding t he co rrect value using Fig. 4. Hand win din g set-up (2 k Hz am p lifier ). the method sho wn in Fig . 3, DO NOT rely on the values prin ted on said capacito rs, The number of turns o n the secondary,which will fee d the next base inpu t , can be ADD SMALL CAPS.very impo rtant. I found ten turns to be / AS NEEDEDe no ugh for the intersta ge transformers, andeighty tu rns for th e last transformer feeding LIthe diode. T he numb er of these t u rns plus 5 .01t he cou pling ca pacitor to the base, h ave alarge effec t on the gain, reduction o f self- Fig. 6 . Added capacitors fo r 2 k Hz t uning ofoscilla tio n caused by feed back, and rejectiono f the ringing voltage. A tenden cy towards t r a n s fo r me rs.more co upling turns a nd less capacito r isprobably best.44 73 MAGAZ IN E

+ 30V G+ TE L DIOO€L INE ' QUAD DC RED *.1 4.7K IN29 5 IK GATE ,...,...SCR G.E. 2 N877 CA'rTt-. ---l<I-l\"'ANODE IOuF NOT ES ; + 30V >---, AR-176.r--+W2~5-0 .J1- SEE T EXT f OR ALL TUNING CAPACITORS - TOAF .. (FIXED) ACROSS TRANSFORMERS. AMP IF2 iU.L TRAN SISTORS ARE MOTOROLA HEP 55. NEEDED3 DIODE QUAD IS INT. REeT. NO.leOB4A-C . Fig. 7. Schematic of 2 kHz amplifier.unless they are high precision , high cost jo bs, mers and careful choice o f base input capaci-which is not necessary . Just use your signal tors. Anti-ringing is greatly con tro lled by thegenerator ca refully and watch your ae volt- size of the base capacito rs, so watch thismeter across the last seco nd ary, put th em all point. Between about 1-5 mV at ttie inputo n the sa me frequ en cy , and chec k aft er all gives 5 o r 6V at the output , with clean andthree stages are workin g. DO NOT rely on stable ampli ficatio n and no oscillation .gue ss work for this item. With a selec tio n of.0 0 I, .0 I, and possibly .02 or .05 ca pacito rs, Do not be surprised if, on listening to theyou will do alright. If you need so me o f output, you hear a two kHz tone withoutthese in a hurry . you ca n find a selectio n at the signal generator being co nnec ted ! Re-one of the Radio Shack stores. You can, o f member that you can tune in on the o u tp u tcou rse, use a variety of loose capacito rs and o f a high gain i-f system with a suitableclip leads if you don't want to make up the receiver. Well, you can do just this here butbox sho wn in Fig. 3. as the amp lifier is o n an audible freq uen cy you will now be able to hear it dire ctly byThe Circuit ear. Figure 7 sho ws the co mplete circuit Due to th e large number of turns of smallincluding the anti-ring input filt er , th e dc wir e in t he collec to r circu it s, withpower leads, and the scr o u t pu t sectio n, any 100 - 200.11 o f de resistance, do not expec to f which yo u may or ma y not want. too mu ch power in eac h stage. All we need for · turning on the so lid state relay (scr) Note the series 8 plus filtering to eac h (pick the right one in th e G .E. catalog,stage which is quite essen tial at these fre- 2N8 77 is used here) is so me 4 - 5/1 OV andquencies. The total gain available with three not too many J.1A .transistors is quite high but is kept down,along with self-oscillatio n, and the band- Low Frequency Signal Generatorwidth sharpness is kept up , by the u se of A low cost sine wave/square wave genera-small secondaries on the in te rstage transfor- tor running from 20 - 200 kH z was usedFEBRUAR Y 1974 45

lOOK TOTAL which come in with the ringing signal, I ABOUT.12uF found that three items were needed besides good selectivity in the main amplifier. These5uF + .TUNE are, the Zener diode and bypass to hold --:::ti---JIIF .1 down the line-derived 10V de power supply ,,...----i FI -+ rL_-0 UT for the amplifier ; the scr gate input filter and its turn-off resistor; and the input filter 150 + being described . 1'IOUF The ring voltage is supposed to be 20 Hz , +9V but just wait until you see that inductive kick on a scope! It has a real bang to it andLI- MILLER 9009, 180 TO 750 mH, it is hard to keep it from ringing the coils and triggering the scr gate. One of the WITH ADDED nl~s biggest aids to cutting these pulses down to size is the input filter shown in Fig. 7, theFig. 8. Test oscillator - sig. - gen. 2 kHz. main schematic. The use of capacitors thathere for the signal source, but if you don't \"favor\" 2 kHz and cut down 20 cycles ishave one on hand you can use a 2 kHzoscillator, an example of which is shown in seen, plus four diodes in between , in reverseFig. 8 . You will have to calibrate it from polarity pairs. You have to put this itemsome other lad's generator in this case. right up in the front end otherwise it would cut down the 2 kHz also . As it is, some Ll may be one of the cup cores shown in reduction of the desired tone signal occurs,Figs. 2 and 5, or you can use a Miller but is not severe, whereas removing theadjustable inductor, #9009, 180 - 750 mH,by adding some 80 turns as shown in Fig. 8. diodes does let the ring voltage kick off theBe sure and add them in the same directionand connect them so they add. You can then scr gate. If you do let one of those big ringtune it with the adjustable core to match theprecise frequency of the amplifier. One pulses hit the resonant 2 kHz coils, you'llcircuit is easier to tune than four! never be able to stop them ringing on pulses, I find about 5 - 6V ac (2000 Hz) at the which you do not want. As it is, some of thecollector and about .1 V at the output tapshown. I also used a variable attenuator, pulse does get through but greatly reduced by the four diodes.audio type, to cut this down\" to a few mVfor use as the amplifier gain grew towards The 2 kHz, at a relatively low input level of a few mV gets by those diodes with onlyit's final figure. I should mention here that a little attenuation , and by integrationyou can plan on four stages if you like, togive you more of everything you need, like (steady addition and build up) through thegain, narrower bandwidth, more ring rejec- amplifier builds up to some 5 or 6V ac at thetion, etc., but this is up to you. third stage collector pin. Nothing stops you If you are going to do much of this low from putting more sections in the inputfrequency work you will probably have filter if you want, but as shown the wholeconsiderable need for a \"store-bought\" circuit triggers every time on tone and nevergenerator, which generally will have both triggers on the ring. What more could you want?sine and square wave outputs and run from The Zener Diode20 - 20,000 Hz in frequency . The ring voltage , that 70V plus ac acrossfnput Filter the line, acting on the quad automatic If you wish to operate your decoder polarity reversing switch, caused a build-up in the line-derived amplifier B+ circuit from,without being troubled by the terrific70 - 100V ac at 20 Hz plus some inductive for example, IOV up to 15V. Then, when that big cut-off pulse arrived on top of thecut-off pulses much higher in voltage thanthat (and in frequency components too!) 15V, the scr sometimes triggered . You couldn't live with this, so a zener diode of 10V was installed across the plus I OV , and also a large capacitor of 200 IlF . This did the46 73 MAGAZINE

ORDER DRUSH DRUSH DRUSHName (ch~ck one)CallAddress State ZIPCity$ enclosed TRANSMIT PA IR RECEIVE o 146.0 1-61 0 o 146.04-64 0 o 146.07-67 0 a TRANSCEIVER 146.10-70 0 o 146.13-73 0 o 146.16-76 0 o 146.19-79 0 o 146.22- 82 0 o 146.25- 8 5 0o Drake TR·22 o Swan FM2X o 146.28- 88 0 n 146 .31 -91 ao Drake TR-72 o Tempo FMH o 146.34-94 0o Drake ML-2 o Tempo FMPo Ken KP 202 o 146 .37- 97 0o Regency HR o Tempo FMVo Simpson o Tempo FMA o 146.40-147.00 0 o Tempo FMCo SB·144 o 146.52- 52 0 o Trio 2200 o 146.94-94 0o Sonar 3601 o Trio TR 7200 o 147.00-00 0o Standard o 147 .99-39 0 u 147.96-36 0 o '47.93- 33 0 o 147.90-30 0 o 147.87-27 0 a 147.84- 24 0 l} 14 7. 8 1 - 2 1 0 o ' 4 7.78- 18 0 o 147.75- 15 0 o 147.72-12 0 u 147.69 -09 0 o 147.66-06 u u 147 .63 -03 0 lJ 147 .60 -00 0 TOTAL- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -.Y\':>.Y\':>~VALPE Y FISHER CORP. 75 SOUT H STREET. HOPKINTON. MA01748Th e only way we can make crysta ls availab le at the $3.75 price is by maki ngthem in large quantities - so we ask th at you order from the abovelist - and ONL Y from t he above list. Special orders ca n be handled, but wedon 't enco urage th em since th eyt ake much longer to fi ll and costconsidera bly more. If yo ur orderca n be check ed o ff on th e above . . .plu s 50<1 per co mplete order for postageorder blan k it ca n be f illed quick- and handl ing.ly.Eas t ern cu stomers may a p prec iate our fast mail service . _. it ca n save you days to wee ks on yourord e r. Western c ustome rs may apprec iate getting c ryst als that work o n c ha n ne l the very fir st time anddon 't have t o be returned for fu rt her c o m pe n sat io n to ma tc h your set .Valpey Fisher - 40 long hard years of experience. CORP. Oealers - Have we got a deal for you!!!VAlPEY FI HER A VA t.rec CORPORA TJON 75 SOUTH STREET. HOPKINTON. MA Ot748 617·435 -6 831FEBRUA R Y 1974 47

job in fine style. The I OV sta ys at ten right is going o n, but makin g sure that o nly thethrough the ring and that item was cured. initiated can ac tually ma ke any thing useful o u t of what you are saying) and I o nly hope The large scr gate ca pacito r o f 1000 J.l F y ou can wade thro ugh them and fi nd o utwas the final nail that held those ringing what they mean. In fairness to G.E., andpulses down from triggering the SCT. The others to o, I should say that this is a verytone signal of course, hold s on for a time common fault . A specialized branch ofdetermined by the finger o n the tone signal semi conductor techniqu e such as siliconoscillator, which may be miles away . The controlled re ctifiers has to develop newtotal integration through the system, includ- words in order to talk about so me thinging that 1000 J.lF job , is long eno ugh to keep never before mad e. However, they do n otthe pulses d own but allo w the de sired 2 kHz explain either the new word s o r the newthrough and build up the de o n the gate to methods with any t hing like t he cla ritywhere it will trigger the scr. This takes a needed by someone starting in to wo rk withcertain number of milliseconds, as y ou will se r.see. You will find th ings li ke gra phs with big However, o nce you pu t that 1000 J.l F on shaded areas indi cating \"minimum tum o nthe gate you have to think about how y ou're voltage from minus so and so C to plus sogoing to turn o ff the SCT when you want to. and so C. \" Don't worry about that oneThose smart little \"controlled re ctifiers\" are unless you're going to take the amplifier to nicely controlled as to turn-on , but not at all Alaska and then down to the eq ua tor. In so for the turn-off! Not o nly do es the gat e plane s o r in space that's a different thin g.lose control when the anode is latched o n.but even a momentary break in the ano de Figure 9 shows the scr circuit I usedvoltage will do no goo d if t he gat e is still which works fine for the purp o se shown.positive. With the scr ind icat ed and 1000 J.l F Once the scr is triggered it stays on, butacross the gat e I fo u nd t ha t over 4 50n fo r go od . The n on load shown lo o ks like t he RI in Fig. 9 would discharge C I fast en ough handset yo u did not lift o ff the crad leto cu t o ff the anode latch-up, while less than (be cause you weren 't there) and central lOOn would prove too low for a good de office can't tell the differen ce so ittrigger build up. 250n for R I does work obligingly accepts the line termination \"de-lat ching\" the scr nicely every time y ou (nOn) cuts off the ringin g, and gives a busyhang up the remote handset , wh ich causes a signal to anyo ne else that calls afterwards,reversal o f the input polarity of the line . and let s yo u proceed w ith YQur re mo teThis causes a momentary drop to zero of the business as need ed by you r system. Asscr anode, which is long eno ugh for RI to mentioned , you ca n also talk on the air, anddischarge CI . receive vo ice also .The SCR Note that th e anode voltage mu st d rop o r pass through zero level for the scr to tum These little wonders require a little get- off. This o cc urs auto ma tically when you ting used to but are quite likeable devices hang up so that's tak en care of. once you get th e hang o f them. They do turn on every time the gate hits about 4/1 OV There is a slight question o f different positive, at quite a low number of /lA , and telephone companies having perhaps differ- they also turn o ff every tim e you b reak the ent vo ltages and sensitivities to line termina- ano de ci rcuit for even a few mic roseconds. tion resist ances, but I have been assu red that That is, providing the gate is not left hanging up o n positive de . Just be sure and use the 2 KHZ ~.F- -rle-i RI GATE ANOOE right scr for the job. The one in the LOAD schematic is the G.E. 2N877. r: .... 1: 7 250 'i- The books on these marvels, and even the CATH spe cs included with the package , are in themselves marvels of obscurantism (the -+ practi ce of pretending to let you know what Fig. 9. SCR circu it.48 73 M A GAZI NE