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Armhwyfrawmfu 1950 ckESpf ZGefvqef;wGif vufeufcs&efokd@r[kwf wkdif;jynfe,fajrrS xGufoGm;&ef w±kwfjzLrsm;ukd &mZoH ay;vudk yf gon?f w±wk jfzLrsm;u owl @kduwdk udk vf #if owl @dkujyewf udk zf @dk toi&hf adS =umi;f wi;f wi;f rmrm jye=fum;onhf tjyif wcsed wf n;f rmS yif ,kd;',m; - jrefrme,fpyfESifh wmcsDvdwf+rdK@uav;yg wmcsDvdwfvrf; - rkdifwkdif (81) rSpI ‚wkd@u wkd;cs@Jodrf;ykdufvkdufygonf? Armhwyfrawmf (xkdpOfu jynfaxmifpkwyfrsm;[k ac:ygonf?) u usdKif;wkH+rdK@xJ ±kyfzsuf0ifa&mufaeonfh w±kwfjzL (200) avmufukd zrf;qD;+yD; rdwˆDvm/ rEWav;okd@ykd@ csKyfaESmifxm;vkdufygonf? wmcsDvdwfukdvnf; jyefvnfwkdufckduf odrf;ykdufvkdufEkdifygonf? okd@aomf 1951 ckESpfwGif w±kwfjzLrsm;onf xkdif0rfESifhtquftoG,f &oGm;um olwkd@. usL;ausmfa&;pDrHudef;ukd pepfwus jyifqifv_yf&Sm;vmygawmhonf? tar&duefrsm;uvnf; 0ifa&mufukdifwG,f ae=uonf? 1951 ckESpfESpfOD;wGif AkdvfcsKyfvDrD OD;aqmifonfh w±kwfjzLtiftm; (1000-1500)r#onf usdKif;wHkc±kdif taemuf awmifykdif; 8

‘ridk ;f qw’f +rKd@uav;rmS ridk ;f qwvf iG jfyiuf dk tajcjyK+y;D tajccpH ce;f opf z@JGpn;f wnaf xmi=fuygon?f aemiwf iG f xdk pce;f rmS Armjynwf ±wk jfzL usL;ausmrf _ XmecsKy}f u;D jzpvf mygawmoh n?f usKd i;f wakH jrmubf uf ridk (f 50)umG &dS ‘rikd ;f ,e;f ’ +rKd @uav;EiS hf usKd i;f wtkH a&@Sawmif (65) ridk uf mG &dS ‘ridk ;f a,mi;f ’ +rKd@uav;rsm;wiG vf n;f w±wk jfzLppof m; pak qmi;f a&;EiS hf ppaf vuh siahf &;p ce;f rsm; z@JGpn;f wnaf xmicf yhJ gon?f ae&mtE@HStjym;rS ppfom;rsm;vnf; pkaqmif;=uygonf? xkdif0rf (azmfrkd qm) rS avhusifha&;rª;rsm;vnf; a&muf&Sdvm+yD; ppfoifwef;rsm;ay;um wyfopfrsm; z@JGpn;f =uygon?f xidk ;f u xadk vuh siahf &;r;ª rsm;EiS hf ppyf pnP ;f vuef ucf ,J r;f rsm;udk Armjynef ,pf yf ‘yeG yf gusi’f o@dk um;EiS yhf @kday;on?f wcsKd @udk avxD;ESifh csay;onf? Tokd@jzifh w±kwfjzL. usL;ausmfr_rSm oHvGifjrpfta&S@bufwjcrf;vHk; ysH@ESH@oGm;+yD; ajrmufbufokd@cs@J&m ‘0-e,f’‘ukd;uef@e,f’ ‘oEd eDM ,’f rsm;txd w;dk cs@JomG ;+y;D / titf m;rmS vn;f (4000) ce@f &vdS mygon?f tcsutf csmusonhf +rKd @uav;rsm;wiG vf n;f tajccH pce;f rsm; aqmu+fy;D tcidk tf rm aexidk vf m=uygon?f x@dktjyif Armjyntf wiG ;f yidk ;f 0i&f ef &n&f ,G cf suf jzihf ovH iG jfrptf aemubf uuf r;f o@kd u;l vmum Armjynfawmifykdif; u,m;jynfe,fpyf/ u'l;}uD; {&d,mtwGif;xdyif 0ifvm +yD; wyfpGvJ kdufygonf? 1951 ckESpf ZlvkdifvxwJ Gif jzpfygonf? 1951 ckESpf arvxwJ Gif vDrDonf 0 - e,frSae+yD; w±kwfjynfr}uD;udk aumfvH (2) ck c+JG yD; 0ifwkdfufygonf? tar&duefrsm;u av,mOfrsm;ESifh &duQmrsm; vkdufcsay;ygonf? okd@aomf w±kwfvGwfajrmufa&; wyfrawmfu wkdufxkwfI jynfrtwGif; rkdif tenf;i,fom 0ifEkdif+yD; (2) ywftwGif; tustqHk;rsm;pGmESifh qkwfcGmvm&ygonf? Trjzpfpavmuf tiftm;uav;ESifh jynfr}uD;ukd 0ifwkdufonfrSm xl;qef;ojzifh usaemfu olwkd@.&nf&G,fcsufukd pOf;pm;=unfh &mwGif ppfa&;xuf EkdifiHa&; &nf&G,fcsufjzpfrnf[k ,lq&ygonf? w±kwfjynfwGif; r+idrfrouf jzpfaeonfhoabm/ w±kwftpkd;& w&m;0if tpdk;& rjzpfEkdifonfhoabm ay:vGifapcsif[ef &Sdonf? xkdtcsdefu ukd;&D;,m;ppfyGvJ nf; jzpfaeojzifh jynfr}uD;twGif; usefchoJ nfh ulrifwef vla[mif;rsm; tm;wuf+yD; ykefuefxºuapvkd[efvnf; &Sdonf? TuJhokd@ 0ifwkdufwmukdvnf; t}uD;tus,f wkdufaeovkd 0g'vnf; jzef@onf? xkd@a=umifh aemufxyf,lqp&m tcsufw&yfrSm tar&duefjynfolrsm;u csefau&Sdwfukd quf+yD;a':vmawG/ tultnDawG axmufyHhzkd@ tusdK;cHpm;&rnfh tar&dueftcsdK@ESifh csdefau&Sdwfwkd@ yl;aygif;}uH&G,fcsufvnf; jzpf[ef&Sdonf? o@dkaomf w±wk tf p;dk &wyrf sm;u wudk xf wk vf udk vf @dk/ x@dkaemuyf idk ;f wiG af wmh Armjyntf wiG ;f yidk ;f uodk m &n&f ,G vf mygawmoh n?f 1951 ckESpf tukefwGif w±kwfjzLtiftm; (6000) ajcmufaxmif ausmfvmygonf? vDrDvnf; avhusifha&;vl (700) ac:um xkdif;rSwqifh xkdif0rfokd@ acwWjyefoGm;ygonf? 1952 ckESpfrSmawmh w±kwfjzLtiftm; tjrifhrm;qHk;txd wkd;csJ@+yD; tvHk;t&if;ESifh oHvGifjrpfukd jzwfausmfum ajrmufbuf ucsifjynfe,f/ Aef;armf/ jrpf}uD;em;rSpI awmifbuf rGefjynfe,f/ armfv+rdKiftxd xkd;azmufusL;ausmfonfhESpf jzpfygonf? wyfom;opf pkaqmif;a&;wGifvnf; &Srf;jynfe,f/ ucsifjynfe,fwGif;&Sd w±kwfvlrsdK;rsm;omru/ ,kd;',m;jynf wGif;u w±kwfrsm;udkyg pkaqmif;ygonf? aemuftiftm;waomif;&Sdvmaomtcg 'D0DZHwyfr (3) wyf topfzGJ@+yD; Twyfrsm;onf oHvGifjrpful;I ArmjynftwGif;ydkif;ukd 0ifa&mufonfh t\"duwyfrsm; jzpfvmonf? ajymufusm; wyfcGuJ av;rsm;ukdvnf; oD;oef@zG@Jpnf;chJ=uao;onf? xkdwyfrsm;uawmh oHvGifjrpfta&Sykdif;Yom xm;chJonf? w±wk jf zLwytf m;v;kH . ppaf oemywud dk Avdk cf sKyvf rD uD dk xm;+y;D / wyzf @JGrsm;uakd wmh “,el eef ,/f ueG jf rLepqf e@fusiaf &; -jynof @lu,wf iaf &; wyfrawmf” [laom trnfESifh zG@Jpnf;chJonf? 1952 ckESpfazazmf0g&DvwGif rkdif;qwfav,mOfuGif;ukd w±kwfjzLrsm;u jyifqifzGifhvSpfvkdufEkdifonfhtwGuf ta&;}uD;onfh ppvf uef u/f vl (t&m&rdS sm;)/ ypnP ;f tutl nrD sm; azmrf qdk m (xidk 0f r)f rS wudk ±f udk vf n;f aumi;f / xidk ;f rwS qivhf n;f aumi;f o,,f yl @dkaqmif vmEkdif=uonf? xkdif0rfokd@ acwWjyefoGm;onfh AkdvfcsKyfvDrDvnf; enf;jyq&mrsm; tygt0if oifwef;qif; vltiftm; (700) ESifhtwl av,mOfrsm;ESifh xkdrkdif;qwfodk@ jyefa&mufvmonf? xkd@aemuf wyftiftm;rsm; pepfwus wkd;cs@J+yD; oifwef;rsm; zGifhvSpfchJonf? xkdokd@ tiftm;wkd;cs@J+yD;aemuf 1952ckESpf wESpfvHk; ArmjynftwGif;ykdif;okd@ 0ifa&mufa&;udk vsifjrefpGm wkd;cs@JjyKvkyf vm=uonf? ArmjynfwGif;rS ykefuefxºuaeonfh tpdwftykdif;rsm;ukdvnf; aoG;aqmifpnf;±Hk;Ekdif=uonf? xkdolrsm;rSwqifh twGif;ydkif;okd@ pdrfh0ifvm&m u&ifolykefrsm;&Sd&m armfcsDrkdif;a'o/ u,m;jynfe,f/ &Srf;jynfe,fpyf&Sd u'l;}uD;a'orsm;txd/ 0ifa&muf tajccsvmEkdfifygawmhonf? TonfrSm tcsuftcsmusvSaom rEWav;vrf;r}uD;ukd ppfawmif;ta&S@buf awmifwef;rsm;ay:rSaeI pwif+cdrf;ajcmuf&ef ajcukwf,laejcif; jzpfygonf? x@dkaemuf w±wk jfzL'0D ZD wH ywf wyof nf =o*wk vf wiG f armcf srD S ‘zmyeG ’f ujdkzwuf m‘armvf +rKdi’f /‘usKdurQ ’D c±idk f twiG ;f 0iaf &muuf m reG af 'o yivf ,uf r;f pyrf sm; (u±yk /d` yi/ aum'h uG )f txd cswD uwf ypf JG c=hJuygon?f Tonrf mS awmibf upf paf =umi;f jzpof n?f a&a=umi;f jzihf tultnDrsm; wkd;cs@Jay;ykd@Ekdif&ef jzpfonf? tv,fykdif;ppfa=umif;rSm 0-e,f/ ‘yef,ef;’wGif tajcjyK+yD; oHvGifjrpftaemufbufurf;ul;um vm±_d;ta&S@awmifbuf&Sd rkdif;±SL;a'owGif;okd@ usL;ausmf0ifa&muf wyfpGJvmonf? awmif}uD;+rdK@. ta&S@awmifbuf ‘rkd;eJ+rdK@’teD;a'orsm;ukdvnf; 0iaf &mufvm=uonf? usKd if;wkcH ±idk tf wiG f;&Sd ‘ridk ;f ylatmivf Gifjyif’udk cswD ufwypf G=J uonf? usKd i;f wHk - awmif}uD;vr;f r }uD;udk }u;D us,pf Gm +cdrf;ajcmufvkdufjcif;yif jzpfonf? Tokd@ 1952 ckESpf wESpfvHk; ArmjynftwGif;ykdif;a&mufatmif wkd;cs@J0ifa&muf+yD;aemuf 1953 ckESpf wGifrl usaemfwkd@. wyfrsm;ukd 9

ae&mtESH@tjym;rS pwifwkdufckdufygawmhonf? wzufrSm TuhoJ kd@ pwifwkdufckduf+yD; wzufrSvnf; olwkd@. tiftm;ukd weoFm&Dyifv,f bufu azmfrkdqm (xkdif0rf) ESifh wkduf±kduf oabFmvrf;zGifh+yD; wkd;cs@Jzkd@ }uD;us,fonfh pDrHudef;ESifh }udK;pm;chaJ o;onf? 1953 ckESpf qef;v#ifqef;csif; &Srf;jynftv,fykdif;a'owGif tcsuftcsmjzpfaom rkdif;±SL;ESifh ‘rHk;atmh’ukd pwifwkdufckduf ord ;f yudk vf udk =fuon?f 'wk ,d ‘vKdGiaf um’f +rKd@udk wudk af omvf n;f tustq;kH rsm;pmG EiS hf qwk of mG ;&on?f ‘ridk ;f ye’f +rKd@udk awmh azazm0f g&vD wiG f odrf;ykduf&&SdoGm;onf? w±kwfjzLrsm; (3) &uf=um odrf;xm;cJh=uonf? wcsdefwnf;rSmvkdyif Armjynf ajrmufykdif;okd@ 0ifa&mufaeonfh w±kwfjzLwyfrsm;onf w±kwf - jrefrme,fpyf+rdK@rsm;jzpfonfh ‘rlq,f’‘=uLukwf’‘rkdif;,k’+rdK@rsm;ukd w+ydKifeufwnf; 0kdif;wkduf=uon?f rdkif (280) ausmf&Sdaom awmif}uD; - usdKif;wkHvrf;r}uD;ay:wGifvnf; w±kwfjzLwyfrsm; tawmfv_yf&Sm;um/ wyfpcef;rsm;ukd 0ifa&mufwdkufckduf=uonf? TuhJokd@ w±kwfjzLrsm; ArmjynfwGif; usL;ausmf0ifa&mufvmr_tay: Armjynfolrsm;u tHkºuqef@usifvmygonf? 1952 -53 ckESpf ygvDref'Drkdua&pDacwf jzpfojzifh owif;pme,fZif; vGwfvyfcGifhrsm;vnf; toifhtwifh &Sdao;ojzifh wkd;wufonfh t,ltq&Sdonfh pmapmifrsm;/ vuf0pJ mapmifrsm;vnf; xkwfa0vsuf &Sdaeygonf? xkd@a=umifhjynfolrsm; Ekd;=um;ae+yD; xkdtEW&m,fukd ajz&Sif;&ef tpkd;&tm; wkd;wufawmif;qkdae=uygonf? xkd@a=umifh zqyv tpkd;&taeESifh w±kwfjzLusL;ausmfr_ukd wkdufxkwf&ef pDpOfpkdif;jyif;&ygawmhonf? 1953 ckESpfwGif wyfrawmfrS ae&mtESH@tjym;ukd tjyif;txef jyefvnfwkdufckduf odrf;,l&ygonf? w±kwfjzLwyfrsm;ukd oHvGifjrpfta&S@buf urf;txd jyefvnf armif;xkwfEkdifcJhygonf? awmifykdif;ppfqifa&;wGifvnf; oHawmif -armfcsDvrf;ukd Armhwyfrawmfu jyefodrf;ykdufvkdufygonf? awmifile,f&Sd u&if olykefrsm;u w±kwfjzLrsm;ukd vufrcHojzifh tawmfoufomoGm;jcif;jzpfygonf? awmifilom &efol@vufusoGm;ygu Armjynf xufykdif; usdK;ovkd jzpfEkdifayonf? aemuf awmifykdif;wGif 'kwd,ta&;}uD;onfh ppfqifa&;rSm ‘u±ky`d-yi’yifv,fpyfwGif wyfpGJxm;aom w±kwfjzLwyfrsm;ukd yivf ,af =umi;f raS &m/ uek ;f a=umi;f ryS g wudk cf udk af rmi;f xwk &f jci;f jzpyf gon?f Tae&mwiG f w±wk jfzLrsm; wypf &JG onhf ta=umi;f . aemuuf ,G f wiG f tveG }fu;D rm;onhf prD uH ed ;f &adS ea=umi;f aemuyf ifdk ;f usrS ovd m&ygon?f ‚w@dk. &n&f ,G cf surf mS Armjynwf iG ;f w±wk jfzLwyrf sm;twuG f wyfopfrsm; wnfaqmufzkd@ vufeufypPnf; wefaygif;rsm;pGm vkdtyf±Hkru wyfrª;wyfom;tygt0if vltiftm;vnf; trsm;tjym; vkdtyfvsuf&Sd&m xkdvkdor# ypPnf;rsm;ukd oabFmjzifhykd@&ef yifv,furf;pyf vkdtyfygonf? xkdrGefjynfe,f urf;pyfa'orsm;onf a& (6) ay rS (9) ayausmftxd eufojzifh oabFmrsm; tvG,fwul uyfEkdifygonf? xkd@a=umifh xkda'orS w±kwfjzLrsm;ukd armif;xkwfvkdfufEkdifojzifh w±kwfjzL. wyfaemufxyfwkd;cs@Ja&; tpDtpOfukd tawmfyif tm;enf;oGm;apchJygonf? xkda'oukd usaemfwkd@wyfrsm; wkdufaepOfrSmyif azmrf qdk m (xidk 0f r)f rS yxrtowk f oabmF rsm;onf wyrf ;ª rsm;/ vuef uyf pnP ;f rsm; o,af qmiuf m +rwd uf |e;f pok @dk qudk af &muvf ma=umi;f aemuyf idk ;f o&d yg on?f w±wk jf zLrsm;taeEiS hf ‚w@dkwypf xJG m;aom yivf ,uf r;f pyrf sm;rS qwk cf mG xuG af jy;ae&onthf wuG f xodk abmF pEk iS hf 0kdif,mvuf tquftoG,fjywfum qufvuf0ifrvmEkdfifawmhbJ qkwfcGmoGm;=u&ygawmhonf? 1953 ckESpf rwfvwGif w±kwfjzLrsm; tckdiftrmpGJxm;onfh rkdif;wkHESifh rkdif;qwfvGifjyifukd odrf;ykduf&ef&nf&G,fcsuf txl; ppfqifa&;}uD;w&yf jyKvkyf&ef ajrmufykdif;wGif jyifqifygonf? xkdppfqifa&;rSm “e*g;Ekdifppfqifa&;”yif jzpfonf? okd@aomf xkdppfqifa&;. yxrtqifhrSmyif jrefrmwyfrsm; vufeufypPnf;a&m/ vltiftm;trsm;tjym;yg usqHk;-qHk;±_H;&+yD; jyefqkwfcJh&ygawmhonf? w±kwfjzLwyfrsm;u usaemfwkd@wyfrsm; oHvGifjrpfausmfonfukd apmifh=unfhae+yD; oHvGifjrpf ta&S@bufurf; wav#muf ay (5,000) ausmjfriohf nhf awmixf wG rf sm;ay:u ,cif *sye0f ipf Ouf aqmuvf yk xf m;onhf cwH yif ,rf sm;rS c+Hy;D / usaemwf @dkwyrf sm; tukefeD;yg; jrpful;vm+yD;rS oHvGifjrpfESifhydwf+yD; t}uD;tus,fwkdufckduf&m usaemfwkd@wyfrsm; vufeuf}uD;tajrmufrsm; xm;chJ&+yD; jrpful; jyefajy;cJh=u&ygonf? Tr#ta&;ygonfh ppfqifa&;}uD; usaemfwkd@bufrS ta&;edrfhoGm;&onfhtwGuf w±kwfjzLrsm; ykdrkdtm;wufum acgif;rmpGm qufvufv_yf&Sm; vmygonf? xtdk wiG ;f rmS yif jynof vl xl uk vn;f vy_ &f mS ;tºkH uvm+y;D w±wk jf zLtE&W m,f wm;q;D a&;twuG f awmi;f qvdk mra_ =umihf zqyv tpkd;&taeESifh ppfa&;t& ta&;,lr_rsm;tjyif oHcif;wrefcif;tjzpf 1953 ckESpf {+yDvwGif ukvor*~taxGaxG nDvmcH}uD;okd@ ukd,fpm;vS,fv$wf wkdifwrf;&ygawmhonf? oufaocH tvHktavmufESifh wkdif=um;onfhtwGuf EkdifiHtrsm;. axmufcHr_ukd &&SdchyJ gonf? xkd@a=umifhyif usL;ausmfolwyfrsm; xGufcGmay;&rnfqkdaom qHk;jzwfcsufukd ukvor*~0if EkdifiHaygif; (60) teuf (59) rJ axmufcHcsufjzifh qHk;jzwfEkdifchyJ gonf? =um;aerJ ay;chaJ om wOD;wnf;aom EdkifiHrSm w±kwfjzLrsm;yif jzpfygonf?(xkdpOfu ukvor*~wGif w±kwfjynf. w&m;0if ukd,fpm;vS,frSm w±kwfjzLrsm;yif jzpfaeygao;onf?) xkdpOfu usL;ausmfol[k qkd&mwGif w±kwfjzL[k emrnfwyfcGifh r&yg?“usL;ausmfol EkdifiHjcm;wyfrsm;”[kom trnfwyf&ygonf? usL;ausmfol w±kwfjzL[k qkdvkdufv#if w±kwfjzLrsm;ukd ±_wfcszkd@/ ukvor*~rS xkwfypfzkd@rsm;txd ta&;,lckdif;vmr_rsm; jzpfvmEkdifonfukd umuG,f&eftwGufESifh w±kwfjzLrsm; aemufuG,f&Sd q&m&if; tar&duefrsm; txdyg vkduf±_wfcsvmEkdifr_rsm;ukd umuG,f&efwkd@ twGufyg jzpfygonf? ArmjynfbuftaeESifhvnf; xGufoGm;+yD;a&m oabmxm; vkdufavsm chJ=u&ygonf? 10

xqdk ;kH jzwcf suuf s+y;D aemuf taumitf xnaf zm&f etf wuG f jrerf m/ xidk ;f / tar&ud e/f w±wk jf zL(4)eidk if H ppzf uaf umf r&iS wf czk @GJ+y;D aqmi&f uG &f ef ppD O=fu&ygon?f xadk q;G aE;G yrJG sm;udk 1953 cEk pS /f arv (22) &uaf e@rS pwiIf jyKvyk af omvf n;f tcsed qf &JG eof m &n&f ,G af =umi;f xif&Sm;vmygonf? aemufqHk; w±kwfjzLukd,fpm;vS,frsm;u qkwfcGma&;ukd vHk;0jiif;y,f vkdufygawmhonf? jynfolvlxku ukvor*~. qkwfcGmay;&rnf [laomqHk;jzwfcsufa=umifh tHkºur_t&Sdef usoGm;ygonf? rkd;uvnf; usvmyg+yD? ppfa&;t&vnf; e*g;Ekdfifppfqifa&; ta&;±_H;edrfhr_a=umifh bmrS qufrvkyfEkdif jzpfaeygonf? zqyv tpkd;&taeESifhuvnf; ol.yifukd,f azmufjyefa&; taetxm;a=umifh jynfolvlxk vHk;0tHkºuvmatmif rvkyf&yJ g? e*g;Ekdifppfqifa&; ±H_;edrfhr_rsm;udk zHk;zdxm;jcif;/ (4) EkdifiH aumfr&Siftpnf;ta0;rsm;ukd wrifoufouf tcsdefqJG jyKvkyfaejcif; ponfhtcsufrsm;ukd jynfolvlxkukd todray;bJ zHk;zdxm;ygonf? xtdk csed rf mS usaemwf @dkEidk if H rsuEf mS ti,qf ;kH tcsed f jzpyf gon?f wcsKd @Eidk if }Hu;D rsm;u (tx;l ojzihf e,cf s@JEidk if rH sm;u) “bmuvk or*~ wkdif&rSmv?J ukd,frcHcsif&if ukd,fh[mukd,fwkdufaygh”- [k aigh=uygonf? “w±kwfukd rEkdif&if bmvkd@vGwfvyfa&; ,lao;v?J u|ef;uav; wu|ef;ay: wufae=uygvm;”- [kyif ajymifavSmifajymqkdjcif; cHvm=u&ygonf? tvGefem=unf; zG,f&m jzpfchJonf? ajrmufykdif;wkdif;rª;tjzpf ajymif;&jcif; 1953 ckESpf/ ZlvdkifvtwGif; usaemfhukd w±kwfjzLtEW&m,fukd ckcHwGef;vSef&efwm0efay;+yD; ajrmufykdif;wkdif;rª;tjzpf ajymif;a&$@ cef@xm;vkdufygonf? usaemfvnf; r*Fvm'HkwGif awmifykdif;wkdif;rª;tjzpf wm0efxrf;aqmifae&mrS ajrmufykdif;wkdif; ±Hk;pkduf&m ar+rdK@okd@ ajymif;a&$@cJh&ygonf? xtdk csed uf vrmS Armwh yrf awmtf wiG ;f q&dk ,S vf pwf yrf ;ª rsm; tveG af jc±y_ vf maom tcsed vf n;f jzpyf gon?f w±wk jfzLtE&W m,uf dk uvk or*w~ idk =fum;&mwiG vf n;f Eidk if jHcm;wyrf sm; ±yk of rd ;f ay;&rn[f al om q;kH jzwcf suf csrwS vf udk Ef idk f ojzihf w±wk jfzLwyrf sm;udk tv,G wf ul armi;f xwk Ef idk vf rd rhf n[f k xiaf ,mirf mS ;c=hJuygon?f x@dka=umiyhf if wyrf awmtf wiG ;f &dS q&dk ,S vf pwf yrf ;ª rsm;u q&dk ,S vf ptf rmcH wO;D jzpof nhf Akdvfausmfpkd; (aemif rqvacwf - jynfxJa&;0ef}uD;) ukd yGJxkwfum ppfqifa&;rª;csKyfcef@+yD; e*g;Ekdifppfqifa&;wkdufyGJ qifE$JcJh=uygonf? xudk mvu uvk or*u~ z@JGpn;f ay;cohJ nhf (4) Eidk if H ppaf umrf &iS wf iG vf n;f Avdk af tmi}f u;D u jrerf mEidk if uH ,dk pf m;v,S tf z@JG acgi;f aqmitf jzpf yg0ifaqmif&Gufaeygonf? e*g;Ekdifppfqifa&; ta&;edrfhoGm;+yD; (4) EkdifiH ppfaumfr&Sif tpnf;ta0;uvnf; wkd;wufr_ bmrSr&Sdvmonfh tcgusrS usaemfhukd wm0efay;jcif; jzpfygonf? usaemf ar+rdK@okd@ rdom;pktm;vHk;ygac:I rkd;wGif;}uD;rSm ajymif;a&$@oGm;&ygonf? usaemfhti,fqHk;om; wGwfwGwfrSm (6) v om;av;om &Sdygao;onf? ol@ukd 1952 ckESpf/ Ekd0ifbmvxwJ Gif r*Fvm'HkY zGm;jrifjcif;jzpfygonf? usaemf ar+rdK@a&muf+yD; r=umrDrSmyif befaumuf+rdK@Y usif;yaeonfh (4) EdkifiH ppfaumfr&Sifu oabmxm;wck &&Sdvmygonf? tar&duefESifh w±kwfjzLukd,fpm;vS,fwkd@u ArmjynfwGif;&Sd ta&;}uD;aom w±kwfjzLtajccHpcef;vkyfxm;onfh rkdif;qwf/ rkdif;wHk/ rkdif;,ef;/ rkdif;a,mif;wkd@ukd Armhwyfrawmfokd@ v$Jajymif;ay;ygrnf[k qkdvmonf? okd@aomf acgif;rmaom w±kwfjzLtcsdK@vnf; &SdEkdifojzifh wkdufyGJ tenf;tusOf;vnf; jzpfEkdifonf[k qkdygao;onf? xkdtcg tpkd;&u txufygae&mrsm;udk 0ifrnf/ r0ifrnf oabmxm;ay;&ef usaemfhukd ar;jref;vmygonf? rkd;wGif; tv,f}uD;jzpfI tvGefjrifhaom awmifwef;rsm;tay: a&pD;oefaomjrpf - acsmif;rsm; jzwfcsDwuf&rnfh ta&;rSm rv,G uf vl yS g? wudk yf rJG sm;vn;f jzpEf idk af o;on[f k qxdk m;ao;on?f o@dkaomf usaemof nf wyrf ;ª rsm;EiS xhf idk f tao;pwd f aq;G aE;G =unyhf gon?f xkdtcsdefu wyfrSmvnf; e*g;Ekdifppfqifa&; ±_H;edrfhr_a=umifh pdwf\"mwfwpHkw&m xdckdufusqif;aeygonf? usaemwf @dk tao;pwd f wuG cf suwf idk yf i+fy;D aemuf aEOG wwk iG f }u;D us,pf mG wudk &f onxf uf pmv#if ,c'k uk EQ iS hf wudk yf uJG av;rsm;udk &iqf idk rf n?f ow/d 0&d ,d EiS hf pepwf us tqiqhf ihf jyiqf i+fy;D wxp+fy;D wxpf cswD uvf #if tustq;kH en;f pmG EiS hf jzpEf idk of n[f k xijfri,f ql +y;D usaemfwkd@ csDwufodrf;ykdufrnf[k ta=umif;jyef=um;vkdufygonf? olwkd@ajymqkdvmonfh &ufcsdef;trD odrf;Ekdifzkd@vnf; wyfawGukd cJ&mcJqpf jyifqif&ygonf? wyfom;rsm; &duQmypPnf;rsm;/ vuef uuf &d ,d mrsm;/ 0ewf ivf m;jri;f pojzihf vtdk yof r# ppk n;f jyiqf i&f ygon?f ovH iG jfrpuf dk a&p;D toeqf ;kH tcsed jfzpf onhf 0gqdk - 0gacgiwf iG f jzwfausmf+yD; rkdif;ykatmifwGif tm;vHk;pk-&yfap&ygonf? aemufqHk; &ufcsdef;eD;uyf vmpOfrSmyif usaemfwkd@ tapmuwnf;u oHo,&Sdrdonfhtwkdif; trSefjzpfvmygonf? w±kwfjzL usL;ausmfolrsm;u Armhwyfrsm;ukd olwkd@tajccHpcef;rsm;twGif;odk@ 0ifcGifhray;Ekdif[k ajymifajymifyif jiif;qkdvkdufygawmhonf? tawmfyif em=unf;cHcufp&m jzpf&ygonf? ‚wkd@ tajccHuyif ±kd;om;r_r&Sdyg? rkd;wGif;usvmatmif tcsdefqxJG m;+yD; olwkd@uef@owfay;onfh &ufcsdef;trD ae&m av; - ig;ae&mukd z,fay;rnf? 0ifa&mufEkdifv#if 0if,lyg[k qkdvmjcif;jzpfonf? olwkd@ ±kd;om;v#if xGufcGmoGm;ay;±Hkom &Sdonf? rdk;wGif;}uD; Armwyfrsm; 0ifvm&JrSmr[kwf? 0ifrvmv#if olwkd@wm0efaus+yD[k 0g’jzef@&eftwGufom &nf&G,f&if; jzpf onf? usaemfwkd@bufu b,fvkdyjJ zpfjzpf 0ifrnf[k qHk;jzwfvkdufawmh olwkd@ tusyf±kdufoGm;+yD; ajymifajymifyif jiif;y,f&jcif; jzpfayonf? xkd@a=umifh (4) EkdifiHtpnf;ta0;rS jrefrmukd,fpm;vS,ftzG@J EkwfxGufvkdufojzifh xkdaumfr&Sifvnf; ysufoGm;ygawmh onf? 11

Taemufykdif;wGifvnf; w±kwfjzLrsm; qkwfay;rnf? typftcwf &yfpxJ m;yg[k qdkvm+yD; uav;vl}uD; tdrfaxmifonfrsm;ukd qkwfcGmjcif;/ vufeuftnHhpm;rsm;om ,loGm;jcif;ponfh vkyfief;rsm; vkyf=uygao;onf? okd@aomf usaemfwkd@ pdwfr0ifpm;awmhyg? w±kwfjzLjy\\em ajz&Sif;a&;onf rdrdwkdif;jynftiftm;ay:wGifom &yfwnf&awmhrnf qkdonfh oifcef;pmukd aumif;pGm&&SdchJ+yD; jzpfygonf? xkd@a=umifhyif 1953ckESpf/ rkd;Owkukefaomtcg oHvGifjrpftaemufbufurf;&Sd w±kwfjzLwyfrsm;ukd &Sif;vif;wkdfufckdufypf&ygonf? 'DZifbmv ukefwGifawmh oHvGiftaemufbufjcrf;&Sd w±kwfjzLrsm;ukd ta&S@bufurf;odk@ armif;xkwfvkdufEkdifygawmhonf? usaemf Tpmwr;f udk a&;aepOrf mS yif veG cf whJ hJ (10) EpS cf e@fu usaemaf &;czhJ ;l onhf “b&k iahf emipf pqf iaf &;rwS wf r;f ” pmwr;f udk jye&f mS azG aw@G&cdS yhJ gon?f xkdpOfu usaemfowd&oavmuf tawmfjynfhpHkpGm;a&;xm;onfh pmwrf;jzpfojzifh jyef vnfazmfjyvkdufygonf? bk&ifhaemifppfqifa&;}uD; (1954ckESpfrwfv1-&ufrS arvukeftxd) 1? aemufcHorkdif;tusOf; (u) &eof @laemucf oH ridk ;f rmS &eof rl mS w±wk jfzL url iwf erf sm; jzpof n?f 1949cEk pS f w±wk uf eG jfrLepyf gwD O;D aqmirf j_zihf w±wk jfynof @l vGwfajrmufa&;wyfrS ulrifwef csefau&Sdwfwyfrsm;ukd wkdufckduf+yD; w±kwfjynfukd vGwfajrmufap&m/ w±kwfjynftaemufawmifbuf/ ,leefjynfe,frS uGefjrLepfqef@usifa&; trmcH *sife&,fvDrDOD;pD;aom w±kwfjzL av;-ig;axmifcef@ onf 1949 ckESpfukef 1950 ckESpfqef;/ usdKif;wkHc±kdifwGif; 0ifvm+yD; rkdif;qwfwGif tajccschoJ nf? ‚wkd@ukd tar&duefpD-tkdif-atESifh yl;aygif;+yD; aemufxyf0ifvmolrsm;ESifh w±kwf/ Arm/ xkdif;ponfwkd@rSvnf; xyf+yD; w±kwfjzLppfom;pk+yD;/ 1951 ckESpfausmfwGif pkpkaygif;tiftm; (12,000) waomif;ESpfaxmifausmftxd wkd;csJ@pnf;±Hk;+yD; yxr w±kwf- Arme,fpyfrS ArmjynftwGif; oHvGifjrpft=um; ArmjynfwGif;wav#mufrSm tajccH+yD; aemufwzufu w±kwfjynfe,fpyfykdif;ukd 0ifaESmuf,SufwJh ppfqifa&;tao;pm;tcsdK@ vkyf+yD;/ wzufu oHvGif taemufbufausmfum Armjynf twGif;ydkif;odk@ wqifhwkd;0if usL;ausmfcJhonf? xkdtcsdefupI ArmjynfolvlxkxJwGif ArmjynfuGefjrLepfygwDu pwifv_H@aqmfonfh e,fcsJ@ESifh w±kwfjzLqef@usifa&; v_yf&Sm;r_}uD; ay:xGufvmchJonf? w±kwfjzLrsm;onf &Srf;jynfe,fomru u,m;jynfe,fukdyg usL;ausmf0ifa&muf+yD; awmifilta&S@ armfcsDrkdif;a'o txd/ u,m;olykefrsm;ESifh yl;aygif;+yD;aemuf/ awmifykdif;rS u&ifESifh rGefolykefrsm;ESifhvnf; qufoG,fum ‚wdk@}uD;pkd;&m (u±ky`d - yi) qkdaom yifv,furf;pyf &Gm}uD;awG0if/ wyfpGJr_ukd 1952ck ESpfwGif jyKvkyfcJh=uonf? ‚. &nf&G,fcsufrSm aemufxyfArm jynfwGif ulrifwef w±kwfjzLwyfopfrsm;ukd wkd;cs@J&ef xkdif0rfrS au'grsm;/ vufeufypPnf;c,J rf;rsm; oabFmESifh wkduf±kdufydk@&ef jzpfonf? ‚ukd 1953 - 54 usrS y+dk y;D &iS ;f &iS ;f ovd m&on?f xadk e&mrS Armjynrf S bed ;f rsm;udk wudk ±f udk Ef idk if jH cm;o@dk xwk Ef idk of jzihf xidk ;f yvk yd uf wqihf a&mi;f ae&wmxuf ykdjrwfpGef;Ekdifonf? xkd@a=umifh yifv,fvrf;ukdazmuf&ef }udK;pm;jcif; jzpfyHk&onf? w±kwfjzLusL;ausmfvmonfh &nf&G,fcsufrsm;rSm- 1? e,fpyfrS w±kwfjynfr}uD; tpyf0if+yD; aESmuf,Sufaejcif;jzifh/ w±kwfjynfwGif r+idrf;csrf;ao;[laom ta=umif;jycsufjzifh ukvor*~u w±kwfjynftodtrSwfjyKa&;ukd tcsdefqGxJ m;+yD; w±kwfuGefjrLepfwkdif;jynftm; qef@usifa&; qufvkyfoGm;&ef? 2? Armtpkd;&ukd vHk;0 tar&duefaemufvdkuf jzpfap&ef? 3? tvm;wl ta&S@awmiftm&S EkdifiHrsm;/ xkdif;tygt0if tjcm;wkdif;i,fjynfi,fawGtay:vnf; +cdfrf;ajcmufv$rf;rkd;+yD;/ tar&duef=oZmcHrsm; jzpfap&ef? 4? vufawG@vkyfae&if;u &vmwhJ bdef;ta&mif;t0,f tusdK;tjrwfrsm;uvnf; rufvHk;wvHk;jzpfvm[ef &Sdonf? 5? w±wk jf ynwf iG ;f &dS ueG jf rLepqf e@fusiaf &;orm;rsm;/ cseaf u&wdS af emuvf udk rf sm;twuG vf n;f tar&ud euf owl @dk buuf ae+y;D ueG jfrLepwf ±wk jfynuf dk 0iwf udk af y;rnhf ar#mvf ichf suuf dk jzpaf p+y;D / w±wk jfynwf iG ;f qyl vl y_ &f mS ;rr_ sm;udk quvf ujfzpaf pcsiof nhf oabmvn;f &Sdonf? Armtpkd;& (zqyvtpkd;&) taeESifhvnf; vlxktHkºuvmr_a=umifh rv$Jra&Smifom w±kwfjzLudpP ukdifwG,fvm&onf? ukvor*~rSm wkdifwrf;onfhtwGuf xkdEkdifiHjcm;wyfrsm; qkwfcGmay;a&;ukd w±kwfjzL/ xkdif;/ tar&duefESifh Arm (4) EkdifiH tpnf;ta0;xkdif+yD; ajz&Sif;&ef qHk;jzwfcJh&onf? 1953ckESpfwGif xkdif;Y xkd (4) EdkifiHtpnf;ta0;rsm; usif;ycJhonf? Adkvfae0if;wkd@u xkdaqG;aEG;r_rsm;t& w±kwfjzLt\"du tiftm;rsm; xGufoGm;vdrfhrnf[k xifcJh=uonf? xkdtcGifhta&;,l+yD; wyfwcsdK@ 0ifa&mufcsDwuf wkdufckdufvkduf&if vG,fvG,fESifh atmifEdkifrnf[k wGufqch=J uonf? xkd@a=umifh tpOftvmt&a&m/ tqifhae&mt&a&mausmfum/ olwkd@qkd&S,fvpfygwDrS wyrf ;ª tcsKd @EiS hf 0iwf udk zf @kd ppD O=f uygon?f wywf iG ;f &adS eaom ueG jf rLep,f rd ;f orl sm;/ rsKd ;csprf sm;uadk usmIf ae&may;Eidk af tmif ppD Ojf ci;f jzpof n?f xkd“e*g;Ekdifppfqifa&;”onf oHvGifjrpfausmf0ifvmaom Armhwyfr[mukd w±kwfjzLwyfrsm;u oHvGifta&S@bufurf;twGif;ykdif;txd qkwfay;+yD;rS oHvGifESifhn‡yf+yD; jyefwkdufcsvkdufvkd@ xkdwyfr[m ysufoGm;+yD; oHvGiftaemufbufurf;okd@ z±kdz&J jyefqkwfajy;vmcJh&&m vufeuf}uD;rsm; qHk;±_H;ch&J onf? xkdwkdufyGtJ +yD; w±kwfjzLrsm;uvnf; olwkd@rqkwfEkdif[k ajymifjiif;qefvkdufojzifh (4) EkdifiHtpnf;ta0;rS 12

Armukd,fpm;vS,frsm;vnf; t&SufucGJ hJ&jyefonf? Armhppfwyfvnf; pdwf\"mwfusqif;oGm;awmhonf? wcsdefwnf;avmufrSmyif awmifykdif;u Armwyfrsm;u (u±ky`d-yi) a'o wyfpxJG m;onfh w±kwfjzLawGukd wkdufxkwfvkdufvkd@ xkdif0rfu aemufwyfr (2) z@GJ- zG@Jzkd@ vufeuf-ypPnf;-vlrsm;o,fvmonfh oabFmi,f (6) pif;onfvnf; +rdwfu|ef;pkrS vSnfhjyefoGm;& ygonf? Armtpkd;&taeESifhuvnf; w±kwfjzLudpP &yfxm;Ir&? quf+yD;wwfEkdifor# ajz&Sif;&efESifh rdrdppfwyf jyefvnfpdwf\"mwf wuºf uvmap&etf wuG f xudk pd aP jz&iS ;f &ef wywf iG ;f tpOtf vm &odS nhf ueG jf rLepbf u,f rd ;f onhf rsKd ;cspwf yrf ;ª rsm;udk 1953 cEk pS /f r;dk &mowD iG f pv$JcJh&ygawmhonf? xkd@a=umifh 1953-1954umvrsm;wGif Armhwyfrawmfonf oHvGiftaemufbuf&Sd w±kwfjzLrsm;ukd armfcsDrkdif;up+yD; oHvGifjrpfurf;txd yxr ppfqifa&;ti,fpm;rsm;ESifh &Sif;ypf+yD;/ 1954ckESpf azazmf0g&DvukefupI “bk&ifhaemifppfqifa&;” trnfESifh oHvGifta&S@ w±kwfjzLXmecsKyfESifh tajccHpcef;}uD;udk wkdufckduf+yD;/ w±kwfjzLrsm;ukd xkdif;e,fpyftxd armif;xkwfEkdifcJh+yD; Armjynfay: +cdrf;ajcmufaeonfh w±kwfjzLtEW&m,f}uD;ukd z,f&Sm;ypfvkdufEkdifonf? 2? tajccHtajctae tcsuftvufrsm; (TonfrSm wkdufywGJ yG/J jy\\emw&yfukd qifEa$J jz&Sif;&eftwGuf pDrHudef;wck a&;q&JG ef enf;vrf;rsm; jzpfayonf?) (u) &nf&G,fcsuf-1? rdrdwkd@. wm0efausyGef&rnf? 2? vufawG@t& aqmif&GufEkdifrnfhabmiftwGif; vkyfaqmifEkdifpGrf; &Sd&rnf? 3? T 2 csufay: rlwnf+yD; &Sif;&Sif;vif;vif; jywfjywfom;om; jzpf&rnf? xnfhoGif;pOf;pm;&rnfhtcsufrsm; w±kwfjzLaemufwGif tar&duef&Sdjcif;? w±kwfjzLrsm; ausmay;v_yf&Sm;Ekdifonfh xkdif;e,fpyf}uD; &Snfvsm;pGm &Sdaejcif;? rdrdwyftiftm;vnf; odyfr&Sd? rawmifhwif;? awmifay:wkdufyGJ tawG@t}uHKvnf; r&Sd? aemufu axmufyHha&;vrf; vnf; &Snfvsm;pGm rvkdufEkdif? xkd@a=umifh w±kwfjzLrsm;ukd t+yD;tykdif &Sif;vif;ypfzdk@rvG,f? xkd@a=umifh &nf&G,fcsuf yxrqifhtaejzifh Armjynftay: +cdrf;ajcmufaeonfh w±kwfjzL tEW&m,fukd wGef;vSefz,f &Sm;ypf&ef? w±kwfjzLrsm;tm; tajccHtm;jzifh ArmjynftwGif;ykdif; xkd;0ifusL;ausmfEkdifrnfh ae&mrsm;uae+yD; ‘xkdif;’e,fpyfokd@ armif;xkwf&ef jzpfonf? TuJhokd@ rdrd. &nf&G,fcsufukd &Sif;&Sif;vif;vif; jywfjywfom;om; od+yD;aemufwGif buf (2) buf (&ef-igESpfbuf) . xl;jcm;csufrsm;ukd &SmazG&onf? (c) &efol titf m; 1? waomi;f EpS af xmiaf usm&f +dSy;D o;kH axmicf e@frmS rrd ,d ck ppqf iaf &;EiS hf wudk ±f udk rf usaom awmi}f u;D -usKd i;f wuHk m;vr;f ajrmufbuf oHvGifta&S@ESifh w±kwfe,fpyft=um;wGif w±kwfe,fpyf aESmuf,Sufa&;ESifh bdef;udpPvkyfief; rsm;vkyfae=uonf? 2? 9,000cef@rSm xkdvrf;. awmifbuf/ ArmjynftwGif;ykdif; usL;ausmfa&;vkyfief;ESifh bdef;udpPvkyfief;rsm;vkyf&efjzpfonf? 3? xkd&efol@tiftm; 9,000 . tcdkiftrm wyfjzef@yHkrSm (1) yxrav,mOfuGif;&SdwhJ rkdif;qwfwGif tajccHXmecsKyf xm;&mu twiG ;f yidk ;f yrdk vdk y_ &f mS ;Eidk zf @dkEiS hf (rifkd ;f qwvf n;f emrn}fu;D vmojzi)hf xikd ;f e,pf ytf e;D yeG yf gusiaf 'oo@kd 1952 cEk pS f uek af vmuwf iG f XmecsKyuf dk ajymif;xm;chJonf? (2) rkdif;qwfa'owGifrl uif;pcef;om zGifhxm;+yD; umuG,fxm;onf? (3) t\"d u a&S@wef;XmecsKyf - rkdif;wHkwGifxm;+yD;/ t\"du tckdiftrm cHppfae&mukd rkdif;wHka'oESifh oHvGifjrpft=um; rkdif;wHkrS (10) uDvkdr# uGmwhJ ay 5,000 cef@pDjrifhwhJ awmifukef; (3) ck- zcdk akH vmuqf idk wf iG f cuH wwk }f u;D (3) ck wnaf qmuxf m;+y;D tcidk tf rm cxH m;on?f ridk ;f wrkH S ovH iG uf ;l w@dkqyd f ‘0rqf vm’txd (6) ayus,f ‘vm;vrf;’u/ xkdawmif (3) vHk;ukd jzwfoGm;onf? (rnfolrqkd rkdif;wkH/ rkdif;[ef/ yGefygusif ajrjyef@ukd v$rf;rkd;vkdoltzkd@/ ‚awmif (3) vHk; uvdk n;f aumi;f / ‚ovH iG -f ridk ;f wvkH r;f uvdk n;f aumi;f ord ;f xm;Eidk rf S a&&nS vf r$ ;f r;dk Eidk rf nf jzpof n?f ) (4) &eof @la&@Szsm; cpH prf mS ovH iG uf ;l w@dk/ 0rqf vmEiS hf ‚0e;f usiwf iG f wypf xJG m;on?f ,i;f rmS ovH iG tf aemubf uuf r;f rS &ud mQ p&k ejfzpof n?f tjcm;ae&mrsm;rmS (5) ridk ;f yvk wkH iG vf n;f pcef;cGwJ ck? (6) ‚aemuf ykd ta&S@bufusaom xkdif;e,fpyf-wmcsDvdwf-rqJ kdifa'owGif pcef;cG}J uD;wck &Sdonf? (7) &efol. aoe*FAsL[m t&H wyftiftm; (3,000) oHk;axmifcef@ukd rkdif;[ef/ yGefygusifa'owGif csxm;onf? (8) enf;y&d,m,f t&Hwyftiftm; (1,000) waxmifcef@ukd rkdif;ykvHkESifh txufygawmif (3) vHk;ESifh rkdif;wHkt=um;wGif csxm;onf? 4? &efolwyfrª;csKyf? ? AkdvfcsKyfvDrD rusef;rrmjzpfvmI wyfrª;topf wif&onf? xkdwyfrª;topfrSm xkdif0rf&Sd t}uD;tuJ wOD;.om;jzpf+yD; i,fpOfuwnf;u tar&duef&Sd tu,f'rD Adkvfoifwef;upI wyfrtqifhtxd oifwef;aygif; (8) ckavmuf wufchJ&ol? ppftawG@t}uHK vHk;0eD;yg; r&Sdol? txufv$mrsm;. vl,Hk? vlvwfykdif;t&G,f? AkdvfcsKyfwOD; jzpfonf? 5? &efolwkd@. ppfynmtqifh? ? wyf&if;txuf wyfrª; tawmfrsm;rsm; tawG@t}uHK toifhtwifhr#om &Sdonf? Avdk cf sKytf qirhf sm;rmS wyrf ;ª a[mi;f rsm;jzp+fy;D taw@Gt}uKH tawmtf oihf &odS n?f o@dkaomf Avdk cf sKyvf rD aD vmuf pwd \"f mwaf &m taw@Gt}uKH yg &odS rl sm; r[wk =fuyg? wyof m;rsm;rmS rvl wyof m;a[mi;f rmS o;kH ywkH yakH usmf ce@fom&+dSy;D pptf aw@G t}uKH toithf wihf &=dSuaom pprf x_ r;f rsm; 13

jzpfonf? usefwyfom; trsm;pkrSm a'otvkduf pkaqmif;xm;aom wyfom;opfrsm; jzpfae=uonf? 6? &efol@pdwf\"mwf? ? (u) Armjynfolwkd@. wceJ uf tHkºuqef@usifr_? (c) w±kwfjynfwGif; w±kwfuGefjrLepf tpkd;&tay: vGwfajrmufcgp vlxk. axmufcHwufºuaer_? (*) olwyg;wkdif;jynftay: rw&m; usL;ausmf0ifae&r_? (C) rdrdwkd@. tem*wf ra&r&m jzpvf mr_ - ponwf @dka=umihf w±wk jfzLwyof m;rsm;t=um; pwd \"f mwwf jzn;f jzn;f usqi;f vmae=uon?f &eof tl xuf wyrf ;ª }u;D trsm;prk mS rl bdef;rS&&Sdonfh tusdK;tjrwfa=umifhvnf;aumif;/ Armhwyfukd txifao;o jzifhvnf;aumif; pdwf\"mwf tawmftoifh ckdifrmaeyHk&onf? okd@aomf urBmhtajctae wpHkw&majymif;vvJ mr_u olwkd@pdwf\"mwfukd xdckdufvmapygonf? ‚[email protected]&m tar&dueftzkd@ 'kwd,urBmppf+yD;ump tEkjrLAHk;ukdifI AkdvfvkyfEkdifcJhaomfvnf; aemufykdif;qdkAD,uf,leD,Huvnf; tEkjrLAHk;&SdvmcJhonf? xkd@jyif tar&duefwkd@tzkd@ ukd;&D;,m;ppfwGif w±kwfjynftay: xifovkd rv$rf;rkd;EkdifbJ aphpyfajy+idrf;vkduf&ojzifh xkdukd;&D;,m;ppf}uD;ukd rdrdwkd@ tem*wfESifh ,SOfwGxJ m;chJaom w±kwfjzLAkdvfcsKyfrsm; pdwf\"mwf xdckdufoGm;chJ=uyHk &ygonf? 7? &efol@vufeuf? ? (1) w±kwf±kdifz,f trsm;pk jzpfonf? (2) ‚wkd@onf wyfrawmftqifhtxd zG@Jxm;aomfvnf; vufeuf}uD;rsm;rSm wyf&if;oHk;vufeuf}uD;rsm;om jzpfonf? 60 rr armfwmESifh usaemfwkd@ wyf&if;oHk; 3 vufr armfwmESifh tvm;wl armfwmrsm;om &Sdonf? ‚armfwmrsm;yifv#if usnfrsm;rsm; roHk;Ekdif? w±kwfjynfrS xGufajy;vm&olrsm; jzpfojzifh vufeuf}uD;rsm; o,frvmEkdif? tar&duefrS 'kwd,urBmppf}uD;t+yD; xkwfvkyfaom awmwGif;oHk; vufeuftcsdK@ &Sdaomfvnf; ay:vGifoGm;rSmpkd;I xkwfroHk;&aJ y? rkdif;vnf; r&Sday? *? rdrdtajctae? ? tpkd;&wyftajctae tiftm;? ?(1) ajcvsifwyf&if; (4) &if;ESifh t&Hwyfrsm; - aoewfukdifwyf&if; (1) æwyf&if;rª;-'kAkdvfrª;}uD; wifOD; (,cNk LD) - aoewfukdifwyf&if;(2)æwyf&if;rª;-'kAdkvfrª;}uD;jr0if; (uG,fvGef) - aoewfukdifwyf&if; (5) æwyf&if;rª;-'kAkdvfrª;}uD;armifvGif (,cNk LD) - csif;wyf&if; (3) æwyf&if;rª;-Akdvfrª;a&m'&pf - ajcvsifwyf&if;rsm;rS wyfcGJ (2) cGJ - ucsifwyf&if;(4)rS wyfcJG (2) cGJ (2) rdrdvufeuftiftm; - 25 aygif'g tajrmufwyfcGJ (1) cGæJ tajrmuf (8) vuf - 6 aygif'g wifhum;ypftajrmuf (2) vuf - 76rr ,l*kdpvyfawmifay:ypftajrmuf (2) vuf (ppfwkdufcgeD;rS rar#mfvifhbJ uyfI&onf) - avwyf ('kwd,urBmppfrS tusefrsm;) - qD;zkdif;,m; (ac:) 'Hk;usnfypfwkdufav,mOf (9) pD; - o,f,lykd@aqmifa&;ESifh &duQmcs&ef 'gukdwm (3) pif; (xkdpOfu &[wf,mOfrsm; r&Sdao;yg) xkd@a=umifh wkdufckdufa&; tiftm;aygif;rSm * vltiftm; 6,000 (ajcmufaxmif) • o,f,la&;twGufvm; 1 , 000 (waxmif) • txrf;orm; 3,000 (oHk;axmif) • 6 aygif'gtajrmufESifh usnfo,f&ef qif (25) pD;wkd@ jzpfygonf? (3) rdrdwkd@. ppfa&;tawG@t}uHK æ (1) rdrdwyfrsm; EkdifiHjcm;&efolESifh t}uD;tus,f ppfqifwduk fckdufaom tawG@t}uHK r&Sd? txl;ojzifh tajrmuf/ av,mOf/ vufeuf}uD;rsm;ESifh [efcsufnDnmpGm wwJG kdufonfh tavhtx r&SdchJ? (2) rdrdwyfrsm; awmifay:wkdufyGJ tawG@t}uHK vHk;0r&Sdoavmufjzpf&m ,ck wkduf&rSmu ay (3,000) rS ay (7,000) tjrifh t=um; wkduf&rSm jzpfonf? (3) rdrdwyfrsm;rSm jynfwGif;rSmvnf; wyfjzef@+yD; wm0ef,lvmchJ&o jzifh avhusifha&;vnf; aumif;aumif;rvkyfEkdif=u? (4) [email protected]\"mwf? ? e*g;Ekdifppfqifa&; ±_H;xm;ojzifh pdwfenf;enf; av;ae=uonf? okd@aomfvlxk. a&S@wef;okd@ axmufcHtm;ay;r_/ ppfqifa&;twGuf jyifqif&mwGif bufpHkr_ pwmawGa=umifh aemufydkif; tm;wufvm=uonf? TuhJokd@ buf2 buf. tajctaersm;ukd wGufcsuf+yD;aomtcg tjcm;xnfhoGif;pOf;pm;&rnfh tcsufrSm;rSm æ C? ajrtajctae 1? ay (3,000) ESifh ay (7,000) t=um; awmifay:a'owGif ppfqifa&; vkyf&rSm jzpfonf? 2? rdrdwyftaeESifh &efolESif@wkdufzkd@a&S@rSm oHvGifjrpf}uD;u umpD;xm;onf? 3? Armjynfrukd w±kwfjzLrsm; usL;ausmfEdkif&ef taumif;qHk; tajccH&efa'orSm rkdif;wkH/ rkdif;[ef/ yGefygusif ajrjyef@a'o jzpfonf? Tae&mraS eI w±wk jf ynef ,pf yuf dk taEmS utf ,uS af y;Eidk of n?f ‚w@dk. aemucf tH m;ay;widk ;f jynf ‘xikd ;f ’e,pf yEf iS vhf n;f e;D onahf e&m jzpfojzifh ‚wkd@. bdef;vkyfief;vnf; tqifajy? axmufyHha&;ESifh &duQmudpPyg acsmarmEkdifonf@ae&mvnf; jzpfayonf? 4? ‚a'oudk x;dk pp0f i&f ef taumi;f q;kH vr;f rmS ovH iG tf aemubf uuf r;f &dS ridk ;f ye+f rKd @rS um;vr;f =ur;f wpwd wf yidk ;f &xdS m;aom 14

oHvGifta&S@urf; 0rfqvmul;wkd@qdyf? ‚rS wqifh rkdif;wHkokd@ (6) ay us,fvm;vrf; twkdif;jzpfonf? 5? rdkif;ykvHkESifh rsufESmcsif;qkdif oHvGiftaemufbufurf;txd um;oGm;Ekdif&ef vrf;ukdtenf;i,fjyKjyif±HkESifh &&SdEkdifonf? 6? rkdif;ysOf;rS rkdif;ykatmifokd@ aEGOwk um;vrf;&Sd+yD; xkdrSwqifh rkdif;qwfokd@ vm;vrf;jzifhcsDwufEkdfifonf? i? &moDOwk? ? ppfwkdufrnfhtcsdefrSm aEGOwk jzpfojzifh taEG;xnfrvkd? ayghayghyg;yg; csDwufEkdifonf? okd@aomf arv 20 aemufykdif;/ rGefqGef;0if rkdf;p&GmEkdifojzifh wkdufyjJG refjref r+yD;ygu awmifay:wGif qufwkduf&ef c,J Of;onf? p? tcsdefESifh tuGmta0;? ? ppfqifa&;tcsdefrSm rwfv (1) &ufae@rS pygu arvv,ftxd tcsdefESpfvcJG &rnf? xkdumvtwGif; rdrdwkd@ &nfrSef;csufxajrmufavmufatmif ppfqifa&;vkyfcsdef vHkavmufonf[k ,lqonf? odrf;ykdufoifhaoma'orSm w±kwfjzLrsm; ArmjynftwGif;ydkif;odk@ xkd;0ifusL;ausmf aESmuf,SufEkdifrnfh tajccHa'otjzpf vkyfEkdifonfha'o rkdif;wHk/ rkdif;[ef/ yGefygusif ajrjyef@ESifh aemufwqifh rkdif;qwfyg&u ykdvHk+cHKrnf? q? 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awG@qHkygonf? usaemfESifhtwl bk&if@aemifppfqifa&;wGif yg0ifcJhaom t&m&Sdrsm;ESifh awG@qHk+yD; olu usaemfwkd@ ,cifwkdufyGJrsm;wGif bmtcuftcrJ sm; &SdygovJ[k ar;jref;pHkprf;vmygonf? usaemuf yiG yhf iG vhf i;f vi;f yif xidk ;f e,pf yrf mS ppwf udk &f whJ tcutf crJ sm;udk ajymjyvudk yf gon?f w±wk jf zLwyrf sm; xidk ;f 0iof mG ;v#if usaemfwkd@ bmrSrvkyfEkdifawmha=umif;/ xkd@a=umifh w±kwfjzLrsm;ukd vkdufvHwkdufckduf&mrSm xkdif;e,fwGif oHk;uDvkdrDwmavmuf 0ifcGifh ay;apvkda=umif;/ av,mOfrsm;ukdvnf; ig;uDvkdavmuftxd/ tajrmufqefrsm;ukdvnf; ESpfuDvkd avmuftxd uscGifhay;apvkda=umif; usaemfu qufawmif;qkdvkdufygonf? tHh=opzG,fyif AkdvfcsKyfazmif;u cGifhjyKchJygonf? (aemifrS od&onfrSm bdef;vkyfief;rsm; vkyf&mwGif AdkvfcsKyfazmif;ukd w±kwfjzLrsm;u npfv$wfvkdufonfhtwGuf AkdvfcsKyfazmif;u vufpm;acsjcif; jzpfygonf?) xkdif;bufrS ppft&m&SdtcsdK@ukd usaemfwkd@ ppfqifa&;XmecsKyfokd@ qufoG,fvkyfaqmif&ef ydk@v$wfay;cJhygonf? ‚wkd@rS wqifhxkdif;e,fxJ0ifa&mufzkd@ udpPjzpfvmygu AkdvfcsKyfazmif;xH a=u;eef;jzifhykd@ tcGifhawmif;&ef jzpfygonf? &ef}uD;atmif ppfqifa&; rlvu 1955ckESpfwGif/ t\"du ppfqifa&;}uD;tjzpf “atmifrmCppfqifa&;” vkyf&ef jyifqifxm;chJ+yD;/ tv,fykdif; {&m0wDESifh taemubf uf Armjynuf eG jfrLepyf gwAD [udk dk x;kd ppqf i&f ejfzpof n?f o@dkaomf 1954 r;dk tuek f aqmi;f tu;l / xidk ;f rS yvk yd rf i;f }u;D Avdk cf sKyaf zmi;f Armjynfvmvnf+yD; usaemfwkd@ ajrmufykdif;wkdif; ppfXmecsKyf&Sd&m ar+rdK@okd@vma&muf vnfywfygonf? usaemfwkd@ESifh w±kwfjzL wkduyf GrJ sm; ta=umif; ajymqkd=u&if; txufwGif azmfjychoJ nfhtwkdif; w±kwfjzLrsm; wkdufckduf&mwGif xkdif;e,fwGif;okd@ vkdufvH0ifa&mufwkdufckdufcGifh tp&Sdonfrsm; &&Sdvkdufygonf? usaemfuvnf; olESifhaqG;aEG;chJor#ukd tpkd;&ukd wifjycGifhawmif;vkdufygonf? xkdpOfu w±kwfjzLwkd@. XmecsKyfrSm rkdif;[ef. ta&S@awmifbufuDvkd (30) cef@uGmaom xkdif;e,fpyfrsOf;ay:&Sd vG,fvef;pcef;}uD; (aemif cGefqmwyfpGJxm;aoma'o) jzpfygonf? wjcm;pcef;rsm; &Sdao;aomfvnf; Tpcef;omv#if t\"duusonf? Tpcef;ukd odrf;ykdfufvkdufv#if w±kwfjzLrsm; xkdif;e,fpyfwav#muf v_yf&Sm;pcef;cszkd@ tvGefcufoGm;rnf? ArmjynftwGuf tEW&m,fjyKEkdifawmhrnf r[kwfawmhacs? xkdpcef;ukdvnf; a&S@urwkdufbJ aemufutvpftikduf 0ifwkduf&v#if wyfenf;enf;jzifh tvG,fwul &Ekdifrnf[k xifjrifchyJ gonf? bk&ifhaemif wkdufpOfu aoe*FAsL[m aumif;rGefojzifh tvG,fwul atmify&JG r_tay: rdrdukd,frdrd txif}uD;+yD; tvG,f oHk;oyfrdjcif; jzpfygonf? tp;dk &rmS “atmirf mCppqf iaf &;”vyk &f eof m tm;oeaf eojzihf usaemuf tp;dk &xrH S wy&f i;f w&i;f c/JG rrd xd rH S EpS cf aJG ygi;f / EpS &f i;f jzihf wvESifht+yD;wkdufrnf? rwfvqef;wGif w&if;jyefay;rnf? xkdtcsdefusrS “atmifrmCppfqifa&;”pwifyg&ef ppfOD;pD;csKyf±Hk;okd@ vSrf;ta=umif;=um;ygonf? TuhJodk@ e,fpyfwGif wkdufEkdifrnfhtcGifhta&; aemif&zkd@ raocsm? xkd@a=umifh xkd tcGifhta&; &wkef;/ usaemfwkd@ vkyfEkdifoavmuf vkyfoifhonf[k usaemfu ta=umif;jywifjy&m cGifhjyKcsuf &&SdchyJ gonf? xkd@a=umifh usaemfwkd@ xkdif;qufoG,fa&;tz@JGESifh yl;aygif;+yD;/ 1955 ckESpf azazmf0g&Dvv,favmufwGif &ef}uD; atmifppfqifa&;ukd pwifchJygonf? usaemfwkd@wyfrsm;rSm-aoewfukdifwyf&if; (1) rSæ2cJG ('k Akdvfrª;}uD;wifOD;-wyf&if;rª;) -aoewfukdif wyf&if;(5)rSæAkdvf}uD;batmifESifh 2 cJG -ajcvsifwyf&if;(10)æ'kAdkvfrª;}uD;cspfckdif -76rræ2vuf -avwyfrS yg0if=uonf? yxrtqifh-&efoludk cg;vnfujzwfonfh taeESifh =um;pcef;wckjzpfaom vG,fwkef;}uD;pcef;ukd wkdufodrf;&ef? 'kwd,tqifh-‚vG,fwkH;}uD;rS taemufbuf rkdif;a,mif;&Gmbuf csD&ef? wwd,tqifh-vG,fvef;ukd wkdufodrf;&efæwkd@jzpfonf? vG,fwkH;}uD;pcef;rSm xkdif;e,fpyf&Sd ay 7,000cef@jrifhaom awmifwef;ay:wGif &Sdonf? ‚pcef;ukd 'kAkdvfrª;}uD;wif OD; OD;pD;aom aoewfukdif wyf&if; (1) rS wyfc(GJ 2) cG/J 76 rr awmifay:ypf tajrmuf (2) vufjzifh wufwkduf&m tawmfc&J mcqJ pf wdkuf,l&ygonf? aemufqHk; vSHpGyfwufxkd;&mwGif wyf&if;rª;'kAkdvfrª;}uD;wifOD;ukd,fwkdif wufxkd;&ygonf? (xkd@a=umifh 'kAkdvfrª;}uD;wifOD;ukd usaemfu ppfqifa&;rsm;+yD;aomtcg “oD[ol&bG@J”ay;&ef axmufcHwifjychJaomfvnf; “ol&bG@J”om &chJygonf?) 'kwd,tqifhtjzpf usaemfukd,fwkdif wyf&if;w&if;cJGESifh rkdif;a,mif;&Gmodk@ csDwuf&m vrf;ckvwfu awmifukef;wcku &efol@ cwH yuf vdk n;f rrd ud tajrmu}f u;D (2) vujf zihf wudk cf udk +f y;D wuof rd ;f cohJ n?f ridk ;f a,mi;f &mG qi;f cge;D aemuqf ;kH awmiaf =umwiG f usaemwf @dk a&S@ajy;wyfcGuJ kd axmifacsmufqif odrf;oGif;+yD;pm;vkduf&m/ rdrdwkd@bufu vl (20) ausmfusum '%f&m trsm;tjym; &&Sdvdkufygonf? &efolu rdrdwkd@onf a&S@rSrxkd;? aemufrSxkd;rSm jzpfa=umif;? xkd;&mwGifvnf; wyfodyfrrsm;a=umif; od&SdoGm;+yD; wjcm;ppfrsufESm (rkdif;[ef) bufcsxm;aom wyfawGukd tjrefa&$@vm+yD; usaemfwkd@ wwyfvHk;ukd 0kdif;pm;zkd@ pDpOfwkdufckdufvm&m usaemfwkd@rSm t0dkif;rcH&atmif tvGefc&J mcqJ pfESifh qkwfcGmchJ&ygonf? 'uD mvtwiG ;f tjzptf ysurf sm;udk usaemjfyeaf &;xm;aom rwS wf r;f wcsKd @udk usaemjfye&f xm;ygon?f (usaemyf if pi,f +ly;D aemu)f 25

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tiftm;ukefcef;roGm;zl;bl;? opfyif}uD;wyifatmufa&mufawmh qufroGm;Ekdifawmhwme@J xkd;tdyfvkduf&w,f? (2) em&Davmuftdyf+yD; Ekd;vmawmhrS usaemfeJ@ygvmwJh &JabmfawGu ygvmwJhvufzuf&nftcsdK }udK+yD;wkdufw,f? aemuf 0kdif,mvuf &aJ bmfwOD;u olb,fu&vmovJ rodbl;? ‘emewf,kd’wbl; vmazmufau|;w,f? usaemf 'gawG pm;aomuf+yD; tiftm; jynfhvmwme@J rjzpfbl;? tcsdefr&Sdbl;? 'DaumifawG qufwdkufrS jzpfrSm? tcsdefrjzKef;Edkifbl;qkd+yD; tdyf&mjyefodrf;/ jrif;ay:jyefwuf rkdif;qwfukd qufxGufcJh&ygw,f? u-J awmaf vmuyf g+y?D usaemchf pH m;&csuuf dk wijfy+y;D yg+y?D ppuf wdk udk cf udk &f wm aysmvf @dkawmh rxiyf ge@J? ppqf wdk m aoa=u=u&wmyg? rao&ifvnf; ypPnf;a&mtcsdefa&m jzKef;wD;ypf&wmygyJ? 'ga=umifh aphaphawG;&if ppfom;rsm;[m ppf&@J'kuQukd todqHk;y?J wu,fwkduf&av wu,fodavygy?J Tonfwkd@rSm &ef}uD;atmifppfqifa&;}uD;twGif; ukd,fawG@tjzpftysufwcsdK@ukd “urBmppfqef@usifa&;ae@”wGif a[majym cJhcsufrsm; jzpfygonf? To@dk usaemjfyeqf wk cf mG &+y;D aemuf usaemtf ajctae t&y&f yuf dk o;kH oy&f mwiG f Ttitf m;r#avmuEf iS hf ppqf uwf udk If rjzpEf idk ?f rESpfu bk&ifhaemifppfqifa&;vkd tiftm;aumif;aumif;/ jyifqifr_aumif;aumif;ESifh a&S@uxkd;rS jzpfrnf[k em;vnf+yD; ppf±Hk;csKyfokd@ usaemf vSrf;ta=umif;=um;ygonf? ,cktiftm;ESifhawmh qufrwkdufEkdif? qufrwkdufv#if rdrdppfwyf pdwf\"mwfusrnf? &efolu ykdacgif;rm/ acgif;axmifoGm;rnf? xkd@a=umihf “atmifrmCppfqifa&;”ukd aemufwESpf a&$@ajymif;+yD;/ atmifrmCwkdufrnfhwyfrsm; rdrdbufay;+yD; ,ckESpftwGif; xkdif;e,fpyftm;vHk;ukd &Sif;vkdufv#if aumif;rnfjzpfa=umif; wifjyvkduf&m/ ppf±Hk;csKyfu oabmwl+yD; tiftm;xyfjznfh ay;ygonf? aemufxyf (76 rr) -4 vuf/ (3 vufr) armfwm- 4 vuf ajcvsifwyf&if;(4)æwyf&if;rª;-'kAkdvfrª;}uD;xGef;wif (aemifrqvacwf-0ef}uD;csKyf) ucsifwyf&if;(4)æwyf&if;rª;-Akdvfrª;aemfvm ajcvsifwyf&if;(21)æwyf&if;rª;-Akdvfrª;odef;'kwf ajcjrefwyf&if; (106)æwyf&if;rª;- Akdvfrª;ol&atmifazæ æ wyf&if; (4) &if; xyf&onf? avwyfrS qD;jzL&D; (9) pif; xyf&onf? pk&yftjzpf rkdif;wHkwGif xm;+yD; (3) ywfcef@ bk&ifaemifppfqifa&;uJhokd@ jyifqifum tvHk;t&if;ESifh wkdufcJh=u&onf? wkdufyGJ wkdufenf;rSm wav#mufvHk; e,fpyfay:wkduf&ojzifh wkduf±kduf tajrmufESifhypf? av,mOfuul+yD; wkdufppfqif wkdufch&J ygonf? usaemfvnf; xkda'oukd uif;axmufav,mOfjzifh ysHoef;+yD; pHkprf;uif;axmuf&m xkda'o&Sd aygufaomopfyifrsm;rSm aygifvHk;cef@om &Sdojzifh w±kwfjzLwyf.cHuwkwfrsm;onf rdrdwkd@ tajrmuf'%fcHEkdifrnf r[kwf[k wGufqrdygonf? usaemfwkd@ESifhtwl xkdif;qufoG,fa&; t&m&Sdrsm;vnf; vkdufygvm+yD; xkdif;e,fpyftem; odyfuyf&aomtcgrsm;/ wcgw&H w±wk jf zLpce;f rsm; aemuuf 0dk izf @dk xidk ;f e,pf ywf iG ;f 0i&f onthf cgrsm;wiG f xtdk &m&rdS sm;rwS qihf ciG ahf wmi;f c&H ygon?f Ttcsurf sm;uvn;f Tppfqifa&;ukd tawmfyif taxmuftuljyKchyJ gonf? 1955ck/ {+yDv (22) &ufae@wGif w±kwfjzLXmecsKyf vG,fvef;pcef;}uD;ukd usaemfwkd@ wyfrawmfu wkdufckdufodrf;ykdufchyJ gonf? usaemfwkd@ xkdae@wGif wkdufyGJrqifcif xkdif;qufoG,fa&; t&m&SdwOD;u usaemfhukd tJ'Dpcef;odrf;zkd@ b,favmuf=um=um wkduf&rv[J k ar;vmygonf? usaemfu “igwkd@ reuf (8) em&D pwkduf&if nae (4) em&DrSm igwkd@tvH t'J Dawmifukef;ay:rSm wifr,f” vkd@ jyefajymvkdufygonf? Tvkd usaemfwkd@. tmrcHcsufukd &aomtcg xkdif;t&m&SdwcsdK@ w±kwfjzLrsm;xH ajy;oGm; =u+yD; bdef;rsm;ukd tjreqf ;kH a&mi;f yp&f e/f wudk wf eG ;f =ua=umi;f =um;o&d ygon?f xidk ;f buuf r;f rmS vn;f vtl rsm; 'wD udk yf uJG dk vma&mu=fun±hf =_u+y;D t±;H_ tEidk f avmif;upm;=uao;onf[kvnf; =um;&ygonf?(w±kwfjzLrsm;u olwkd@pcef;u-vESifhcsD cHEkdifonf[k xkdif;rsm;ukd ajymxm;ygonf?) usaemfwkd@wkdufyGuJ kd eHeuf (8) em&DwGif pchJ+yD; tajrmufrsm;pk+yHKypfchJ=uygonf? tajrmufrsm;ukd cHwyfrsm;wnfhwnfh a&S@txd rDwm (600-800) txd qGJwifoGm;+yD;rS ypfjcif;jzpfonf? tajrmufypf &yfv#if&yfjcif; vSHpGyfwufxdk;ygonf? w±kwfjzL cHuwkwfrsm; c%twiG ;f a=uysuof mG ;+y;D / o;kH em&tD wiG ;f pce;f udk ord ;f ryd gon?f ppaf jrjyi&f iS ;f vi;f a&; tcsKd@jyKvyk +fy;D aemuf nae (4) em&wD iG f jynaf xmipf k tvHawmfukd awmifxdyfrSm v$ifhxlvkdufEkdifygawmhonf? Tawmifxdyfay:rSmyif usaemfwkd@ apwDwql wnfaqmuf xm;chJygao;onf? xkdtcsdefrSpI usefw±kwfjzLrsm; vm tkde,fpyf/ rJacgifjrpfbufa&$@ajymif;oGm;cJh=uygawmhonf? tiftm;(3,000)cef@om usefawmh&m wcsdK@tiftm;rsm;vnf; xkdif0rfokd@ jyefqkwf oGm;ygawmhonf? TyGJwGif usaemfwkd@bufrS (44) OD;usqHk;+yD; '%f&m (100) ausmfr# &cJhygonf? w±kwfjzLwyfom; (1,500) ausmf vuf eufcscJh=uygonf? Tppfqifa&;}uD;twGif; tajrmuf(3) rsdK;ESifh armfwmusnfqef (1,500) ukefonfhtwGuf usyfaiGwoef; ukef&onf? tjcm;vuef uif ,uf snqf ef ryg/ tajrmuEf iS hf armwf musnqf ezf ;dk om &adS o;on?f ±idk zf ,Ef iS hf puaf oewuf snqf erf mS oe;f csoD ;kH pcJG &hJ on?f 27

tjcm;xif&Sm;onfh ukefusp&dwfrsm;rSm vm; (1,000) ausmftwGuf (5) odef;ausmf? tvkyform; (txrf; orm;) (2,000)ausmftwGuf (6) odef;ausmf? &aJ bmfrsm; &duQmaiGtwGuf woef;? pkpkaygif; (3) oef;ausmf ukefuschJygonf? TtxwJ Gif &aJ bmftoD;oD;. vpmaiG/ vufeufi,fusnfqef/ avwyfukefusp&dwfrsm;ESifh pufqD/ acsmqD/ ,mOfp&dwfrsm;/ ypPnf;p&dwfrsm; rygao;yg? xkd@jyif wefzkd;ESifh razmfjyEkdifaom om;aumif;&wemrsm; usqHk;cJh&ygonf? usaemfwkd@ arvxaJ &mufvmaomtcg ppfqifa&;}uD;ukd &yfqdkif;vkdufygawmhonf? 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Tae&mwGif usaemfESifh AdkvfcsKyfbvdwf (xkdpOfu awmifydkif;wkdif;rª;) wkd@t=um; qufqHa&;ta=umif; a&;vkdygao;onf? AkdvfcsKyfbvdwfrSm t*Fvdk-tif'D;,ef;ujym; jzpf+yD;/ apmpGmuwnf;uyif Armjynf t*Fvdyftpkd;&vufatmufwGif ppfr_0if+yD; xrf;chJol jzpfygonf? ArmjynfvGwfvyfa&; &aomtcg ArmhwyfrawmfwGif ppfr_xrf;qufjzpfvmygonf? 28

AdkvfcsKyfbvdwfESifh usaemfrSm ,cift*Fvdyfacwfuwnf;uyif od&Sdvm=u+yD; aemufykdif;wOD;ESifwOD; tvGef&ifESD;=uaom rdwfaqG}uD;rsm; jzpfvm=uygonf? usaemfwkd@ESpfOD;vHk;rSm xkdpOfu ESpfcky&J Sdao;onfh ppfwkdif;rª;rsm;jzpf=u+yD; &mxl;t&vnf; Akdvfrª;csKyfrsm; jzp=fuygon?f o@dkaomf usaemwf @dkEpS Of ;D rmS pwd tf &i;f cjHci;f rw=luyg? oul ueG jfrLep0f g'udk rek ;f w;D qe@f usiof jlzp+fy;D usaemuf ueG jfrLep0f g'udk v#dK@0SufpGmav;pm; axmufcHoljzpfygonf? o@dkaomuf saemwf @dk EpS Of ;D onf rrd wd @dkpwd &f i;f ukd z,&f mS ;+y;D cspcf i&f i;f E;DS pmG quqf ecf =hJuygon?f usaemwf @dkEpS Of ;D rmS (usaempf wd xf i)f rlvvlwef;pm; ADZjcif; eD;uyf=u[ef wlygonf? olonfvnf; tawmftwef qif;&aJ om ZmwdrS vmonf[k od&ygonf? olonf t*Fvdyfujym;jzpfaomfvnf; Armpdwf\"mwf tawmf&Sdygonf? xkd@a=umifhyif Armwyfrª;/ wyfom;rsm;uvnf; ol@ukd av;pm;cifrif=uygonf? olonfEkdifiHa&;ukd pdwfr0ifpm;yg? 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Tokd@jzifh ArmhawmfvSefa&;twGuf tusdK;&Sdaeygawmhonf? usaemf ar+rdK@okd@ ajymif;&aomtcg uGefjrLepfygwDokd@ usaemfqufom;rsm;ESifh owif;qufvufay;ydk@&ygonf? uGefjrLepfygwDrS OD;bOD; (xm;0,fom;}uD;/ ,ckuG,fvGef) ESifh ukdvS+rdKif (aemufykdif; vufeufcs/ vkyfom;ae@pOfowif;pm t,f'DwmcsKyfjzpfoGm;) wkd@rSm usaemf. qufom;rsm;jzpfygonf? xkdumvu tjzpftysuf (usaemfrSwfrdaewm) wcsdK@ukd jyefajymjycsifygao;onf? usaemf xudk ohJ @dk ajratmuvf yk if e;f rsm; vyk uf idk af e&i;f owi;f ayguof mG ;ygu vyk &f rnhf tptD pOtf csKd @udk Armjynuf eG jf rLepyf gwD A[kdu pDpOfI usaemfhxHay;ykd@vmygonf? usaemf tEW&m,fwckckESifh &ifqkdifvm&ygu wae&modk@ oGm;wdrf; a&Smifae+yD; xkdtdrfrSwqifh usaemfhukd ygwDxHokd@ ydk@zkd@jzpfygonf? usaemfu tdrfuum;ukd ('±kdifbm&aJ bmfukd rac:b)J udk,fwkdifarmif;+yD; xkdtdrfae&mudk oGm;=unfh&m AkdvfAwif (vufoD;ykef;) . tdrfjzpfaeonfukd tHh=o0rf;ajrmufpzG,fodvkduf&ygonf? usaemfESifh AkdvfAwifrSm *syefacwfuwnf;uyif ycJ l;pHjywyf&if;wGif tawmf&if;ESD;ch=J uolrsm;jzpfchoJ jzifh usaemf tawmfpdwfat;oGm;ygonf? okd@aomf xkdpOfu ol@tdrfokd@ 0ifchjJ cif;vnf;r&Sd? ol@ukd Tta=umif;ukd aemufykdif;vnf; ajymrjy jzpfyg? wcg ar+rKd @wiG vf n;f quof m;uvdk +S rKd if a&muaf epOf jy\\emwck jzpyf gao;on?f usaemwf @dk ar+rKd @trd }f u;D rmS tay:xywf iG of m a&csdK;cef;/ tdrfomrsm;/ tdyfcef;rsm;ESifh wGvJ suf&Sdygonf? atmufxyfrSm tul&aJ bmfrsm;/ atmf'vDrsm;om aewwf=uojzifh tdrfomukd tdrfjyifwGif xm;ygonf? xkd@a=umifh tdrfatmufxyfaeolrsm; tdrfjyifxGuftdrfom wuf&yg onf? usaemfwkd@. tdrfaemufbufwGifvnf; vrf;omjcm;I ppfwyfrS t&m&Sdtdrfrsm; &Sdygonf? usaemfhtdrfaemufwGif aeolwOD;rSm Akdvfrª;}uD;ba&$(qkd&S,fvpfwOD;jzpf+yD;/ Akdvfrª;}uD;cifndKESifh orD;a,mufzawmfum awmfvSefa&;aumifpDacwfwGif oHtrwf}uD;jzpfoGm;) jzpfygonf? uvdk +SrKdiuf dk usaemuf atmuxf ywf iG f xm;r&d m tjyixf uG f trd of mtwuwf iG f Avkd rf ;ª }u;D ba&u$ o@ltrd rf S aw@G&dS omG ;y&kH ygon?f 29

nyidk ;f usaemuf vdk +S rKd iEf iS hf {nchf e;f wiG f xidk pf um;ajymaewek ;f / Avdk rf ;ª }u;D ba&$ ta=umi;f r&/dS ta=umi;f &mS +y;D usaemthf rd f a&muvf mygon?f usaemuf vn;f ow&d pdS mG jzihf trd tf ay:xyf tyd cf e;f ponahf e&mrsm;wiG f pum;rajymb/J at;at;vvl l xidk pf um;ajymonyhf pkH H atmuxf yf {nchf e;f }u;D xrJ mS yif ajAmixf idk pf um;ajymaewm jzpof jzihf ovl n;f c%0ixf idk +fy;D jyeof mG ;ygon?f jyecf ge;D usaemthf m; b,of bl ,0f gjzpaf =umi;f oG,f0kdufar;vmaoma=umifh usaemfu awmjyef&aJ bmfwa,mufjzpfa=umif; +rdK@a&mufvm+yD; aiGa&;a=u;a&;usyfwnf;vkd@ vmtultnD awmif;wmjzpfa=umif; ajymvkdufygonf? okd@aomf oljyefoGm;onfESifh usaemfonf ukdvS+rdKifukd csufcsif;um;*dwfokd@ ykd@IrEWav;odk@ qif;ckdif;vkdfufygonf? 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Tae&mwGif usaemfESifh xkdacwfxkdtcsdefu EkdifiHa&;ZmwfcHkrsm;wGif ta&;ygpGm a&muf&Sdaeolrsm;t=um; qufqHa&;udk a&;jyygOD;rnf? xkdtcsdefumv (1956) ckESpfonf qkd&S,fvpfrsm;u wyfwGif;wyfjyif =oZmv$rf;rkdf;a&; t}uD;tus,f}udK;pm;aer_ t&Sdef &aecsdefESifhvnf; wkdufqkfdifaeygonf? olwkd@onf jyifytEW&m,fjzpfonfh w±kwfjzLwkdufa&;xuf jynfwGif;ppfukdom tav;ay; tjyKwfwkdufcsifolrsm;jzpf=uonf? jynfolvlxk Ekd;=um;+yD; awmif;qkdvGef;Iom (wzufuvnf; ArmjynfuGefjrLepf ygwDu azmfxkwf zGifhcsaeIom) w±kwfjzLwkdufa&;ukd vkyf=ujcif;jzpfonf? xkdwkdufyrJG sm;t&SdefESifh usaemf=oZm}uD;rm;vmr_ukd vnf; olwkd@pkd;&drfae=uonf? wyfwGif;rSm qkd&S,fvpfygwD qef@usifonfh wyfrª;rsm;vnf;&Sd&m usaemfESifh yl;aygif;pnf;±Hk;rd+yD; olwkd@qkd&S,fvpfrsm;ukd tmcHacgif;rm vm=urmS vn;f p;dk &rd =f uon?f t\"ud rmS q&dk ,S vf prf sm;taeEiS hf widk ;f jynuf dk ‚w@dkpwd f }uKd uf jc,vf ,S vf =dku&mwiG f wyrf awmuf kd yxrq;kH olwkd@pdwf}udKuf tkyfpD;Ekdifzkd@&mrSm ql;an‡mifhcvkwfjzpfaeaom usaemfhukd z,f&Sm;ypfzkd@ vkdayonf? usaemf TuhJokd@ wyfrSxkwfypfa&;ukd yk*~dKvft& t\"du}udK;pm; }udK;ukdifol (3) OD; &Sdygonf? 1? 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ol@wkd@tr_qifrnfhudpPrsm;ukd usaemftvG,fwulacszsufEkdifa=umif; olwkd@oabmaygufae=u+yD; jzpfonf? Tae&mwiG f ta=umi;f wudk qf ikd vf mojzihf usaemaf jymjyvokd nhf upd wP c&k ydS gon?f usaembhf 0 tcutf caJ w@GqkH aepO/f usaemuhf dk w&m;Oya'a&;&mbufwGif ulnDcJh=uaom a&S@ae}uD;OD;bpdefESifh rpPwm*ef*lvDukd usaemft+rJowd& aus;Zl;wifvsuf &Sdygonf? rpPwm*ef*lvDrSm usaemfwyfuxGuf&v#if uav;w+yHK}uD;ESifh cufcqJ if;&aJ wmhrnfhtjzpfudk tvGef=uifempkd;&drfyHk &ygonf? xkdusaemfhtr_ jzpfaepOftwGif; ar+rdK@rSmusefcJhaom usaemfhtdrfom;rsm;/ r*Fvm'Hka&mufvm+yD; uav;rsm;ukd ausmif;xm;a&;udpPrsm; pDpOfaepOfu usaemfhuav;rsm;. vG,ftdwfrsm;{nfhcef;twGif; wkdifrsm;wGif csdwfxm;onfukd =unfh+yD;-a=omfæuav;awGvnf; ausmif;wuf&OD; r,faemf[k tawmfrsufESmraumif;pGm ajymzl;wmukd usaemfrSwfrdaeygonf? usaemfhorD;ti,f pef;pef;ukdvnf; olutawmfcspfonf? pef;pef;u i,fpOfuwnf;u oyfoyf&yf&yfaewwfonf? olu pef;pef;ukdawG@v#if Princess Margret av;[k ac:+yD; pwwf aemufwwfonf? (xkdpOfu t*Fvefu rif;orD;av; rm*&ufrSm tvGefvSonf[k emrnfausmf=um;aeygonf?) tr_+yD;pD;I usaemfu a&S@aec aiGwaxmifusyfay;onfukd b,fvkdrS ay;Ir&? r,lay? xkdokd@ w&m;±Hk;taeESifh qufppfaq;&ef rvG,fulawmhaomtcg/ ppfcHk±Hk;taeESifh usaemfhukdw&ufyJ ac:,lppfaq;+yD; tr_ukd qufrppfaq;awmhbJ &yfvkdufygawmhonf? usaemfhukd w&m;pGqJ kdjcif;vnf; rjyKawmhbJ ppfOD;pD;csKyfAkdvfcsKyfae0if;. tkyfcsKyfcGifhtm%mESifh rdrdr}udKufolukd tvkyfu xkwfypfz,f&Sm;Ekdifonfh Oya'ESifh usaemf[m olykefwkd@ESifh qufoG,fowif;ay;aeonf[k ,lqp&m &SdaeI r,Hk=unf&ojzifh wyfrawmfu z,f&Sm;vkduf&onf[k a=unmvkdufygawmhonf? okd@jzifh usaemfonf wyfrawmfrS 1957 ckESpf/ {+yDvwGif t+idrf;pm;ay;jcif;cHvkduf &ygonf? xkdpOfu usaemfhtoufrS (38) ESpfom &Sdygao;onf? ppfr_xrf;oufrSm (1941) rSpvkd@ (16) ESpft&wGif wyfrawmfrS xGufvkduf&jcif;vnf; jzpfygonf? 32