Health GIS Conference Proceedings 2020

P a g e | 174 SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION AND TIME SERIES ANALYSIS OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN ITALY: A GEOSPATIAL PERSPECTIVE Muhammad Farhan Ul Moazzam,1* Tamkeen Urooj Paracha,2 Ghani Rahman,3 Byung Gul Lee,1 Nasir Farid4 and Adnan Arshad5 1Department of Civil Engineering, College of Ocean Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea E-mial: [email protected],* [email protected] 2Department of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Islamabad, Pakistan 3Department of Geography, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan 4Department of Geography, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan 5College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China *Corresponding author ABSTRACT The novel coronavirus pandemic disease (COVID-19) affected the whole globe, though there is lack of clinical studies and its epidemiological features. But as per the observation, it has been seen that most of COVID-19 infected patients show mild to moderate symptoms and they get better without any medical assistance due to better immune system to generate antibodies against the novel coronavirus. In this study the active cases, serious cases, recovered cases, deaths and total confirmed cases have been analyzed using geospatial technique (IDW) with the time span of 2nd March to 3rd June 2020. As on 3rd June the total number of COVID-19 cases in Italy were 231,238, total deaths 33,310, serious cases 350, recovered cases 158,951 and active cases were 39,177 which has been reported by the Ministry of health, Italy. March 2nd – June 3rd 2020 a sum of 231, 238 cases has been reported in Italy out of which 38.68% cases reported in Lombardia region with death rate of 18% which is high from its national mortality rate followed by Emilia-Romagna (14.89% deaths), Piemonte (12.68% deaths), and Vento (10% deaths). As per the total cases in the region, the highest number of recoveries has been observed in Umbria (92.52%), followed by Basilicata (87%), Valle d'Aosta (86.85%) and Trento (84.54%). The COVID-19 evolution in Italy has been particularly found in the major urban area i.e. Rome, Milan, Naples, Bologna and Florence. Geospatial technology played a vital role in this pandemic by tracking infected patient, active cases, and the recovered cases. Thus, monitoring and planning using geospatial technique is very important to control COVID-19 spread in the country. KEYWORDS: COVID-19, Public health, Geospatial analysis, IDW, Italy International Journal of Geoinformatics, Conference Proceedings for 7th HealthGIS Conference ISBN No: 978-616-90698-5-0 © Geoinformatics International

P a g e | 175 Gender Roles in Preventing Malaria among the Indigenous People Siti Nur Afiqah Zahari1 2 and Abdul Rashid1 1RCSI & UCD Malaysia Campus & 2KANITA, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] ABSTRACT Malaria is still a serious cause of increased morbidity and mortality worldwide. Those living in the forest and the fringes of the forest like the indigenous people are at higher risk. Although studied extensively, little is known about the roles played by gender in preventing malaria. A qualitative study was conducted among the indigenous community in Malaysia using the snowball sampling method to understand the roles played by gender in the prevention of Malaysia. The presenter will discuss the roles and responsibility of each gender and how they viewed Malaria as a serious illness. The information can be generated for targeted health promotion and education to eradicate Malaria. KEYWORS: Gender Role, Malaria, Indigenous, Malaysia, Qualitative International Journal of Geoinformatics, Conference Proceedings for 7th HealthGIS Conference ISBN No: 978-616-90698-5-0 © Geoinformatics International

P a g e | 176 Retrospective Spatial Risk Assessment of Dengue Fever in Selected Province of Laos Sumaira Zafar,1 Oleg Shipin1 and Hans Overgaard2 1Asian Institute of Technology, Thailand E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] 2 Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Norway, E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Laos is endemic to dengue fever; after the first outbreak in Vientiane during 1983 (1,759 cases), the country has experienced frequent dengue outbreaks with varying severity. This study investigates the impact of the significant environmental (landuse/landcover) and climate (rainfall, temperature, flood) risk factors and their variability on dengue fever transmission in selected provinces of Laos (Champasak and Savannakhet). Global climate change and its effect can be multiplied when it combines with the change in the physical environment (landuse/landcover), and the impact can be seen at the local level. For this study, historical dengue case data from 2003 – 2019 were acquired from the Laos health department. Landsat images were used to extract Landuse/landcover change and climate data from the Copernicus Climate Change Service data web portal. Spatially autocorrelated first-order autoregressive process (Bayesian approach) is used to model the associated risk with the variability of the independent (environmental and climate) variables. KEYWORDS: Dengue, Climate Change, Land use/Land cover, Bayesian International Journal of Geoinformatics, Conference Proceedings for 7th HealthGIS Conference ISBN No: 978-616-90698-5-0 © Geoinformatics International

P a g e | 177 Long Term Care for Helminthiasis in Seniors: Si Sa Ket Integration Models Sukhuntip Norrasarn, Pacharamon Soncharoen and Choosak Nithikathkul Tropical and Parasitic Diseases Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Thailand, E- mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT The phenomenal of long term care is relatively a new paradigm to the Thai society. Ministry of Public health established the strategy road map for long term care for communities. During Era of COVID-19 innovation model already lunch at target communities, the combination of helminthiasis screening with risk factors of seniors combine with long term care were investigated with 293 seniors in Si Sa Ket community. The results shown the average age was 67-year-old, 45 % stay with family, Agriculture and farmer work was majority group with poverty. The helminthiasis prevalence already showed 18.4 % [54 cases] were hookworm 10.6 %[31 cases], taeniasis 5.5 % [16 cases] and opisthorchiasis 2.4 % [7 cases]. For regression analysis with risk factor already established with the model. The predictive model for long term care with helminthiasis prevention was Y = 19.419 + 1.681 [Knowledge] + 0.595 [Perception of benefit] + 0.159 [Social support] + 0.254 [Self-efficacy]. Finding, in the development of the senior care model was used participation processes with community stakeholders and started with community situation for long term care for dependent elderlies also model development by community stakeholders using supporting by community network and health personal team. The senior long term care consisted of developing the caregiver's ability in the household, create a network of moderators with coordinators depending on the Sub-district health system, developed the happy home center for coordinate in the district and senior care manager by practice nurses. The environmental living management was send to local administrative team action. Then, the system could effect to security of health and environment in dependent senior than before and should be extended to the next and other areas. KEYWORDS: Helminthiasis, Long-Term Care, Seniors International Journal of Geoinformatics, Conference Proceedings for 7th HealthGIS Conference ISBN No: 978-616-90698-5-0 © Geoinformatics International

P a g e | 178 Spatial Analysis and Intervention Program of Helminthiaisis and Opisthorchiaisis in Sisaket Province: Review and Situation Thailand Pacharamon Sorncharoen and Choosak Nithikathkul Tropical and Parasitic Diseases Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Thailand, E- mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Food borne infections continue to be a major public health problem, with more than 50 million people infected throughout the world. The popularity of uncooked, freshwater fish among indigenes in regions endemic for fish borne zoonotic parasites represents a continuing public health concern. The costs for prevention, treatment and eradication have so far frustrated the limited budgets of global Public Health systems. The report was done to determine the health informatics of helminthaisis in Sisaket, Thailand. The investigators evaluated how health informatics could be used to predict the control and eradication in a cost effective manner. The retrospective study and current situation of helminthaisis and opisthorchiaisis already investigated with geographic information system. The reports already show the prevalence of helminathiasis during year 2015, 2016, 20171, 2018 and 2019 were 1.28 %, 0.45%, 0.35%, 0.5 % and 0.5% respectively. The overall helminthiasis already including Opisthorchis viverrini, Taenia spp, hookworm, Ascaris lumbricoides, Strongyloides stercolaris, Trichuris trichiura and Enterobius vermicularis. The percentage of Opisthorchis viverrini from positive cases were 35.9%, 52.28%, 50%, 66.62% and 57.8 % in Year 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018 and 2019. The helminthiasis prevalence was recorded and used to build a geographical information system. The current situation, show the investigate the helminthaisis and health educational program for the prevention of soil-transmitted helminthiasis among school-age children in Sisaket, Thailand. Study participants totaled 515, comprised approximately 258 male children and 257 female children. Study participants divided into 2 groups: intervention group and comparison group. The research instruments used were an interview form and formalin ether concentration technique. The data were analyzed by means of a paired samples t-test and independent t-test. The results of the situation analysis revealed that the overall helminths prevalence of school-aged children was 12.1%. The developed GIS can be useful in the establishing of a prevention strategy for transmission of Opisthorchiasis and helminthiaisis. Our conclusion: the distribution of helminthiasis is highly focal, depending on the presence of susceptible hosts, and the socio- economic and behavioral pattern of the definitive host included and is endemic in areas where raw eating habits are deeply rooted in culture and are difficult to change. KEYWORDS: Food Borne Diseases, helminthiaisis Opisthorchis viverrini and GIS International Journal of Geoinformatics, Conference Proceedings for 7th HealthGIS Conference ISBN No: 978-616-90698-5-0 © Geoinformatics International

P a g e | 179 Comparative Analysis of Climatic Factors on Outbreak of Malaria Using Machine Learning Pallavi Mohapatra and Nitin Kumar Tripathi Asian Institute of Technology, Thailand, E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT The study investigated the influence of various climate parameters on the incidence of malaria in 17 blocks of Sundargarh district in the state of Odisha in India. Climate data used in the study include 1) block-wise station rainfall (RF) observation data; 2) gridded surface temperature (T2) data; and 3) Relative humidity (RH) data. High resolution gridded (with a horizontal resolution of 0.1°) ECMWF reanalysis land (ERA5-Land) data were used for observed temperature and relative humidity. The rainfall data was sourced from the Special Relief Commissioners' web portal in Odisha. Malaria incidence data were collected for 17 Blocks of Sundargarh districts, from the Directorate of Public Health of the state. Two machine learning classifier techniques in WEKA (machine learning software), namely, Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) and J48, was used to predict the malaria incidents in a specific climate condition successfully. The performance evaluation of the two techniques was done using the classifier accuracy, Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Kappa, and ROC scores. Classifier techniques such as the 10-fold cross-validation, Percentile split (66%) and user-defined test options were used to divide the data into a training set and testing set. The study found out that the prediction accuracy in 10-fold cross-validation with J48 decision tree classifiers was generally higher than the MLP. The results were encouraging, especially for the potential utilization of the model for the prediction of future malaria incidence with higher confidence with access to weather forecasts. It was established that during periods of low rainfall, medium temperature, and lower relative humidity, there is a medium level incidence of malaria in Odisha. Medium rain, high temperature, and low relative humidity are also associated with medium cases of malaria. Also, high temperatures, higher rainfall, and low relative humidity are characterized by a medium level of malaria incidence. Most importantly, it was established that high malaria incidence is associated with high or medium rainfall, low or medium temperature, and medium or very high relative humidity. KEYWORD: Machine Learning, Malaria prediction, J48 Decision Tree, WEKA, Multilayer Perceptron International Journal of Geoinformatics, Conference Proceedings for 7th HealthGIS Conference ISBN No: 978-616-90698-5-0 © Geoinformatics International

P a g e | 180 The Development of Effective Khaokho District Agriculture Tourism Route Recommendation on Semantic Web by Integration Ontology and Analytic Hierarchy Process Siriwilailerdanun, L.,1 Pimonsree, L.,2 Chaikaew, N.3, 4 and Chaikaew, N.,3, 5 1Tourism, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Education, Phitsanulok University, Thailand 2Tourism, School of Business and Communication Arts, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand 3Research Unit of Spatial Innovation Development, School of Information and Communication Technology, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand E-mail: [email protected] 4Computer Graphics and Multimedia, School of Information and Communication Technology, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand 5Geographic Information Science, School of Information and Communication Technology University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand ABSTRACT Applying decision making techniques to prioritize information will help make semantic web travel recommendation more effective. This research aimed to study decision-making structures and information on agricultural tourist attractions in Khao Kho District, Phetchabun Province. The researcher designed agro tourism decision structure using the AHP model, comprising seven criteria based on the 5ASM, and compiled data of the importance of each criterion from tourism experts and local philosopher on agriculture. The research results were found that the decision structures are divided into 3 levels. Decision levels are in seven criteria based on the 5ASM concept. The ontology knowledge base has three levels of 27 knowledge nodes and 5 rules of introduction and the performance of the new system is higher than that of the web-based ontology and received an F-measure of 88.5% and the user had the highest overall system satisfaction. It was shown that Attraction, Accessibility, Amenities, Accommodation, Activity, Security, and Management have different order of weighting decisions, and found that the top three development priorities are experience, accessibility and promotion. KEYWORDS: Efficiency, Khaokho District Agriculture Tourism Rout, Semantic Web, Ontology, Analytic Hierarchy Process International Journal of Geoinformatics, Conference Proceedings for 7th HealthGIS Conference ISBN No: 978-616-90698-5-0 © Geoinformatics International

P a g e | 181 Mobile GIS Application for Nearest Health Service in Karari Locality, Khartoum, Sudan Mohammed Mahmoud Ibrahim Musa1, Eltayeb Ibrahim Ahmed Wadi2 and Ebtisam Ali Mohammed3 1Alzaiem Alazhari University, Sudan, E-mail: [email protected] 2University of Khartoum, Sudan, E-mail: [email protected] 3Omdurman Islamic University, Sudan, E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT The rapid development in mobile technology and increase of mobile devices users makes mobile applications as optimal solutions in different fields, and GIS is not exception. Mobile GIS is a GIS application that runs on handheld devices which allow us to visualize Geospatial data and use GIS tools and services through mobile devices. This study attempted to develop Mobile GIS application provide a solution for health services accessibility using closest facility network analysis layer to determine the best route to go to the nearest medical center based on the desired medical services type. Keywords: GIS, Mobile GIS, Network Analysis, Closest Facility, Medical Services International Journal of Geoinformatics, Conference Proceedings for 7th HealthGIS Conference ISBN No: 978-616-90698-5-0 © Geoinformatics International

P a g e | 182 Safe Mapping Platform: A GIS Mobile Crowd Sensing Platform for COVID-19 Self-Tracking and Self-Risk Managing Sakda Homhuan, Chanida Suwanprasit, Chakkaphong Namwong, Wipawinee Khamnoi, Raweewan Boonma, Tippawan Mate and Nathalika Wanginkhom Department of Geography, Faculty of Social Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Thailand E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] ABSTRACT Increases in society sector of open data and online mapping technologies are starting new chances for interactive mapping in many research applications. Mobile crowd sensing is an application that gathers data from a network of conscientious volunteers and implements it for public benefit which is very helpful for collecting related information during the COVID-19 situation. The paper aims to demonstrate the concept of #Safe Mapping Platform which followed a framework of opensource technology and implementation aspects. The #Safe Mapping Platform was established for self-tracking and self-risk managing by integrating GIS opensource technologies, location-based services, and LINE application. The developed platform can be adapted to the public for self-tracking and self-risk managing in any health issues in the future. KEYWORDS: Mobile Crowd Sensing, Opensource, GIS, Self-tracking, Self-Risk Managing International Journal of Geoinformatics, Conference Proceedings for 7th HealthGIS Conference ISBN No: 978-616-90698-5-0 © Geoinformatics International

P a g e | 183 Effect of Movement Control Order (MCO) in Determining Predictors of New Malaysian COVID-19 Cases Based on Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Model using Publicly-Available Data M. A. Edre, Z. A. Muhammad Adil and A. R. Jamalludin International Islamic University Malaysia, Malaysia E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] ABSTRACT The rise in COVID-19 cases can be attributed by both individual and healthcare level factors. Not much is known in regards to the effect of MCO on local COVID-19 cases due to healthcare level factors in Malaysia. Hence, the study aimed to determine the potential contributing factor in the new cases for preventive strategies. An analytical cross sectional study utilizing publicly-available data was done to determine new cases by total daily tests conducted, person under investigation, close contacts, influenza-like illness (ILI)/severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) and pending test results. Two time frames were used, which were before MCO (27 February 2020 – 17 March 2020) and after MCO (27 February 2020 – 3 April 2020). A feed-forward artificial neural network was modelled using multilayer perceptron machine learning procedure using IBM SPSS version 23. The best fitting model was the after MCO (sum of squares error= 2.3, relative error= 0.6) with pending test as the most important predictor (53%) followed by ILI/SARI (16%). Findings suggest early detection and case isolation needed to prevent local transmission. More reagents for RT-PCR as well as public-private partnership needed to identify pending case status faster. Strengthening ILI/SARI surveillance is needed to prevent more COVID19 clusters. KEYNOTE: COVID-19, ANN, Pending Test, ILI, SARI International Journal of Geoinformatics, Conference Proceedings for 7th HealthGIS Conference ISBN No: 978-616-90698-5-0 © Geoinformatics International

P a g e | 184 Anti-Malaria Traditional Herbs: Local Wisdom Suratsawadee Sinwat,1 Panee Sirisa-Ard2 and Choosak Nithikathkul1 1Tropical and Parasitic Diseases Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Thailand, E- mail: [email protected], [email protected] 2Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Thailand, E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Malaria is caused by a protozoan, Plasmodium that enters the blood stream as a consequence of a bite by infected mosquito, Anopheles. Malaria is the one of main important tropical diseases in the world. Globally, an estimated 3.4 billion people in 92 countries are at risk of being infected with malaria. In the climate change, an increase in temperature, rainfall, and humidity may cause a proliferation of the malaria-carrying mosquitoes at higher altitudes, resulting in an increase in malaria transmission. Traditional medicines or alternative medicine have been used and reported to treat malaria and are the source of the two main groups (artemisinin and quinine derivatives) of modern antimalarial drugs. Facing to the drug resistant problems and difficulties in poor areas of being able to afford and access effective antimalarial drugs, traditional medicines and alternative medicine could be an important and sustainable source of treatment. This research is based on Applied Research, Mixed Research, using quantitative and qualitative research methods. By interview, observation and preparation of geographic information system (GIS) important herbs. The research results were found that Folk healers of 4 people in Chanthaburi and Sa Kaeo provinces. 13 different types of local herbs have been known to be used to treat malaria. But the main herbs are Thai neem, quinine, wormwood, and Phalai Phuek Root. Which from interviews with folk healers It was found that the herb as the main drug has properties to nourish the body, prevent and treat wild fever during the journey. Used as a cure for all kinds of fever. Cure chronic fever as a fever reducer cure malaria cut all kinds of fever. Each local healer has knowledge that is local wisdom passed down. Have at least 15 years of treatment experience. Treat patients in the community a lot because the two provinces border with Cambodia. Folk healers believe that infection from malaria is more likely and more severe than that in Thailand. Because pathogens come from border contact and all said it can cure malaria in the more severe stages, such as cerebral malaria. Malaria down the spleen Including other fever That are similar and know the sources of natural herbs as well. KEYWORS: Anti-Malaria, Alternative Treatment, Traditional Herb International Journal of Geoinformatics, Conference Proceedings for 7th HealthGIS Conference ISBN No: 978-616-90698-5-0 © Geoinformatics International

P a g e | 185 Herbal Using Behaviors among Diabetes in Ban Chu Chi Health Promoting Hospital, Bang Chakreng Subdistrict, Mueang Samut Songkhram, Samut Songkhram Province Tammasak Saykaew and Klarnarong Wongpituk Public Health Program in College of Allied Health Sciences, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Thailand, Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT This cross-sectional research was studied the Herbal using behaviors among Diabetes in Chu Chi Health Promoting Hospital, Bang Chakreng subdistrict, Mueang Samut Songkhram, Samut Songkhram Province. The data was collected between 1 October 2018 until 20 January 2019 by the questionnaires. Totally, 63 among the diabetes patients in DM clinic at Chu Chi Health Promoting Hospital. The data was analyzed with statistics, frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation and analyzed associated by Chi-Square test. The result found that the population group were used the Herbal using behaviors 65.1 percentage. The factors were associated to the Herbal using behaviors among Diabetes such as Received information and trained by Statistical significance at 0.027 and 0.028 respectively. The study suggested should be the learning resources and experts about herbal example: folk healer. Moreover, should be a herbal club in the village, sub-district, district for encourage educate the people in the community, promote the conservation, rehabilitation herbs and folk wisdoms about the Using herbs to maintain health. KEYWORDS: The Herbal using Behaviors, The Diabetes Patients International Journal of Geoinformatics, Conference Proceedings for 7th HealthGIS Conference ISBN No: 978-616-90698-5-0 © Geoinformatics International

P a g e | 186 Long Term Care: Mahasarakham Model Thailand Weerasak Aneksak,1 Sukhontip Norasan,1 Thammanoon Raveepong,2 Pramote Thongkrajai1 and Choosak Nithikathkul1 1Tropical and Parasitic Disease Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Thailand, E- mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] 2Special Education program, Faculty of Education, Rajabhat Mahasarakham University, Thailand, E-mail: [email protected] Abstract In the Era of globalization, the COVID-19 pandemic has affected older people disproportionately, especially the way of living in long-term care facilities. In several countries, evidence shows that more than 40% of COVID-19 related deaths have been linked to long-term care facilities, with figures being as high as 80% in some high-income countries. Long-term care covers a diverse array of services provided over a sustained period of time to elderly with chronic conditions and functional limitations. Their needs for care range from minimal personal assistance with basic activities of everyday life to virtually total care. The number of elderly dependency from Thailand already showed 60,387, 71,485 and 196, 934 cases in Year 2018, 2019 and 2020 respectively. Most of the recent long-term care (LTC) policy initiatives use need for assistance with activities of daily living (ADLs) as the primary eligibility criterion for publicly-funded. The Barthel Index (BI) is one of the most widely used rating scales for the measurement of activity limitations in patients with neuromuscular and musculoskeletal conditions in an inpatient rehabilitation setting. Mahasarakahm province is the one of province in Northeast, Thailand. Concern about health system. the health care system for senior is an effective for long term care model. The Mahasarakham long term care model already showed sequential congruence among national health policies, Regional Health office region 7 and operational level. The crucial point of view for long term care in Mahasarakham model emphasized on family functioning designs. The recognition for the model application comprising community integration, volunteer training and collaborate with health care provider especially health information using information technology and geographic information system to improve quality of life. KEYWORDS: Long term care, ADL, Elderly, Mahasarakham Model International Journal of Geoinformatics, Conference Proceedings for 7th HealthGIS Conference ISBN No: 978-616-90698-5-0 © Geoinformatics International

P a g e | 187 Alternative Trends Base on Integrated Medicine for Office Syndrome Pakawat Chaiyachit,1,2 Yingsak Jittakoat,3 Panich Chantachon1 and Choosak Nithikathkul1 1Tropical and Parasitic Disease Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Thailand E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] 2Khon Kaen Hospital, Muang, Khon Kaen, Thailand 3Department for Development of Thai Traditional and Alternative Medicine, Ministry of Public Health, Tivanon Road, Muang, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Office Syndrome has been frequently found in office workers. Office syndrome is a group of commonly symptoms related to office workers; and impact on the workers' productivity. Office syndrome refers to pain in spine and muscles caused by sitting in a same position without sufficient movements. In the another phase, it seems as an ordinary pain, and go able into chronic and harder one. Those, impact the ability on body movement and related function. We searched the interested data from Khon Kaen hospital and Bureau of Alternative Medicine. Studies of interests were found and using defined inclusion/exclusion criteria. The total cases from Khon Kaen hospital, traditional medicine department show the patient with back pain 22,065 cases with 653 were male and 14,409 were female and office syndrome 11,419 cases with 3,114 males and 8,305 females respectively. The majority of the patient already attend the traditional medicine department with combination of Thai herb oil and Thai massage for treatment. Our most popular treatment for this is the Back, Neck & Shoulder massage. It targets the main points of this problem and we even include a head massage. The findings, the prevalence of office syndrome after treatment already decline into satisfied levels and prevalence. The overall results after treatment showed some good, very good improvement and cure were 20%, 40% and 40% respectively. Conclusion and Discussion: The alternative medicine would provide by traditional doctor under provision of Department for Development of Thai Traditional and Alternative Medicine, Ministry of Public Health. Office Syndrome Treatments, the symptoms are mild, the best solution is to start an exercise program and adjust working conditions and behaviors. If the pain is more severe, additional treatment therapies may be required, including taking medication, acupuncture therapy and rehabilitation and physical therapy. These techniques emphasis on fascia, tendon with importance of pain level, muscle fatigues. It would provide the alternative trends of integrated medicine for office syndrome patients. KEYWORDS: Office Syndrome, Alternative Medicine, Massage, Thai Herbal Oil International Journal of Geoinformatics, Conference Proceedings for 7th HealthGIS Conference ISBN No: 978-616-90698-5-0 © Geoinformatics International

P a g e | 188 Geospatial Distribution Patterns of Liver Cancer in Phayao Province, Thailand Phaisarn Jeefoo Research Unit of Spatial Innovation Development (RUSID), Geographic Information Science Field of Study, School of Information and Communication Technology, University of Phayao, 19 Moo 2, Mae-Ka, Muang, Phayao, 56000, Thailand E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Abstract This paper was presented a GIS approach to analyze the spatial distribution patterns of liver cancer disease in Phayao province, Thailand. The main objective of this research was to examine spatial diffusion patterns methodologies including Global Moran's I and Local Geary’s C statistics and hotspot identification for mapping liver cancer cases. Medical data in the years of 2014-2017 from Phayao Province Publication Health office was used for this research. The results was showed that an outbreak of liver cancer, rate of illness was found that male highest that female, male 67% and female 33% and a totally of the case was 1,086 cases. The maximum total of patients in 2017, 2016, 2015, and 2014 with the number of sub-districts 28, 10, 8, and 2. This research presents useful information related to the liver cancer outbreak patterns in space and time. KEYWORDS: Geospatial distribution Pattern, Liver cancer, Phayao Province International Journal of Geoinformatics, Conference Proceedings for 7th HealthGIS Conference ISBN No: 978-616-90698-5-0 © Geoinformatics International

P a g e | 189 Development and Application of Bal Ex Quick Balance Skeleton Tracking For Balance Rehabilitation Zuraida Zainun,1 Nur Intan Raihana Ruhaiyem,2 Ahmad Sufril Azlan Mohamed,2 Muhammad Umar Abd Aziz2 and Azliehanis Ab Hadi1 1Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia, Malaysia E-mail: [email protected] 2School of Computer Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia ABSTRACT Virtual reality, games, wii games, disco room are alternative and rapidly explore and used as a balance rehabilitation therapy. One of the common limitations among balance disorder cases is poor compliance on the regular schedule rehabilitation for several reasons such as transportation, distance from the hospital, and lees effort for continuous exercise at home. The aim of this write up is to explain the development and application method used of skeleton tracking based on the gold standard balance rehabilitation module Bal Ex Quick Balance Development of this latest and inventive module of BAL Ex Quick Balance Skeleton Tracking in one of the solutions that can improve patient’s compliance and interest for proper rehabilitation at home and centre that can improve their balance. This latest balance rehabilitation module adapted with skeleton tracking, structure manual book and video-guided using specific foam; Bal Exzz Foam to help patients with various balance disorder. This portable motion tracking system capable of detecting and verifying patients’ exercise motion in Bal Ex Quick Balance setting environment. The system comprised of three main functional elements; the original video of physiologist showing the steps in Bal Ex Quick Balance Exercises; real time skeleton tracking technology for the user / patient following the exercises shown in the video; and exercises verification. Hence, it is also recording the original video by therapist showing the Bal Ex Quick Balance exercises for balance rehabilitation. The system’s main operation consists of two associated functions; real- time skeleton tracking and real-time exercise verification. This virtual rehabilitation is user-friendly interface with touch-free screen for a better user or patient experience. This intervention can improve future balance rehabilitation among vestibular disordered and post-stroke cases with a balance problem. KEYWORDS: Bal Ex Quick Balance Skeleton, Tracking Motion Tracking, Image Detection, Image Processing International Journal of Geoinformatics, Conference Proceedings for 7th HealthGIS Conference ISBN No: 978-616-90698-5-0 © Geoinformatics International

P a g e | 190 Effectiveness of the Self-Care Sandbag Exercise Program for the Osteoarthritis of Knee Patients in the Secondary Care in Thailand: Cluster Randomized Control Trial Phannathat Tanthanapanyakorn,1 Aree Sanguanchue,2 Salila Cetthakrikul3 and Klarnarong Wongpituk4 Department of Public Health, Faculty of Public Health, Valaya Alongkorn Rajabhat University under the Royal Patronage, Thailand, E-mail: [email protected],1 [email protected],2 [email protected],3 [email protected] ABSTRACT Osteoarthritis of the knee causes the cartilage in knee joint to thin and the surfaces of the joint to become rougher, and it might feel painful and stiff. Osteoarthritis can affect anyone at any age, but it's more common in women over 50 years old. The cluster randomized control trial was aimed to appraise the before and after a 3-months intervention program on self-care sandbag exercise program for knee osteoarthritis patients in the secondary care in Thailand. The respondents were divided into 2 groups, the intervention group, and the control group by using the random allocation. Totally 70 knee osteoarthritis patients were recruited and assessed the measurement. All of participants were evaluated the Oxford knee score and the knowledge of knee osteoarthritis at the baseline and after 3-months intervention program. Data were analyzed by using the independent t-test and paired sample t-test between and within the group, respectively. The results revelated that in the intervention group was decreased significantly of the Oxford pain score more than the control group (p<0.001) and the knowledge of knee osteoarthritis was increased significantly (p<0.001) as the compared. In conclusion, the self-care sandbag exercise program can reduce the severity and pain symptom among knee osteoarthritis patients. The healthcare provider should promote to practice as the routine treatment. KEY WORDS: Sandbag, Exercise, Intervention, Knee Osteoarthritis, Secondary Care International Journal of Geoinformatics, Conference Proceedings for 7th HealthGIS Conference ISBN No: 978-616-90698-5-0 © Geoinformatics International

P a g e | 191 Leptospirosis in Si Sa Ket Province, Thailand; Trends and Control Thawatchai Toemjai,1 Pramote Thongkrajai,1 Supaporn Wannapinyosheep2 and Choosak Nithikathkul1 1Tropical and Parasitic Diseases Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Thailand E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] 2Faculty of Science and Technology, Huachiew Chalermprakiet University, Thailand E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Leptospirosis is an emerging public health problem in Asia and Thailand. Thailand annual reported leptospirosis cases increased from 3.30, 3.51, 5.31, 4.34 and 3.28 per one hundred thousand in Year 2015- 2019 respectively. The dramatic phenomenal of epidemiological characteristics of leptospirosis in Thailand include a peak incidence in September and October in association with the rainy season. A majority of the cases were reported in the Northeast region. Flooding and heavy rainfall have been associated with numerous outbreaks of leptospirosis around the world. With global climate change, extreme weather events are expected to occur with increasing frequency and greater intensity and may potentially result in an upsurge in the disease incidence as well as the magnitude of leptospirosis outbreaks. The phenomenal of Sisaket risk area of leptospirosis, we examined the risk factors with mapping of leptospirosis in Sisaket endemic area. The outcome showed the risk factors of leptospirosis associate with working in the water area without waring boots [88.64%], wounded [45.58%] and stay long times [37.01%]. To reduce this disease burden, enhanced surveillance and further research is required to understand the environmental drivers of infection, to build capacity in emergency response and to promote community adaptation to a changing climate. KEYWORDS: Leptospirosis, Water Area, Risk Factors International Journal of Geoinformatics, Conference Proceedings for 7th HealthGIS Conference ISBN No: 978-616-90698-5-0 © Geoinformatics International

P a g e | 192 Discovery of Opisthorchiasis in Chaiyaphum Province, Thailand Prasit Kachaiyaphum,1 P Chaleephom,1,2 Supaporn Wannapinyosheep,3 Bangon Changsap3 and Choosak Nithikathkul1 1Tropical and Parasitic Diseases Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Thailand, E- mail: [email protected],[email protected] 2Chaiyaphum Public Health Office, Chaiyaphum Province, Thailand 3Faculty of Science and Technology, Huachiew Chalermprakiet University, Thailand E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] ABSTRACT Fish-borne parasitic zoonoses or Opisthochiasis caused by Opisthorchis viverrini remains a major public health problem in many parts of Southeast Asia including Thailand, Lao PDR, Vietnam and Cambodia. The epicenter of this disease is located in north-eastern Thailand, where high prevalence coexists with a high incidence of cholangiosarcoma: a major primary carcinoma of the liver with a very poor prognosis. This phenomenal situation represents and performed in order to determine the prevalence of infection with Opisthorchis viverrini and other in Chatturat district, Chaiyaphum Province, Thailand. Data regarding socioeconomic characteristics and the health behavior of the population were thought to be useful in the development of a strategy to control and eradicate parasitic infections in a cost-effective manner. Stool samples were collected from 360 subjects including all age-groups more than 30 years. The prevalence of infection after intervention decrease from 36.63 % to 18.81%. The behavior of eat raw fish decrease after intervention from 28.71 % to 8.91%. The majority of detected parasites were Opisthorchis viverrini. These results indicate that Opisthorchiasis is still a public health problem in Chatturat district and that the disease is more restricted to populations of lower education. However, raw fish eating behavior and personal hygiene do not seem to play that crucial role in the transmission of the disease as previously thought. Further studies on social habits are required and might offer the possibility of targeted treatment and education of predisposed groups or communities. KEYWORDS: GIS, CCA, Opisthorchis Viverrini Infection International Journal of Geoinformatics, Conference Proceedings for 7th HealthGIS Conference ISBN No: 978-616-90698-5-0 © Geoinformatics International

P a g e | 193 Prevention and Control for Melioidosis in Si Sa Ket Province Phachara Kanjaras,1 Sauwanan Bumrerraj,2 Sutthisak Noradee1 and Choosak Nithikathkul1 1Tropical and Parasitic Diseases Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Thailand E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] 2Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Thailand E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Melioidosis causes a larger disease burden than many tropical diseases that are recognized as neglected, and so it should be reconsidered as a major neglected tropical disease. Burkholderia pseudomallei is a fatal infection diseases and the major causative agent for melioidosis. The infection may occur by three routes of exposure: skin inoculation, inhalation and ingestion. Melioidosis is often misdiagnosed because it causes wide range of symptoms which often mimic those of other tropical diseases. Melioidosis is an emerging infectious disease that is endemic in North-eastern Thailand. The highest morbidity rate was in North-eastern Thailand 13.32 /100,000 population. (morbidity rate was 5.21 /100,000 population; mortality rate was 0.18 /100,000 population) in 2017. Majority of infection were male 67.9%, and age 45-54 years old group. The most of the cases were Thai 98.8%, Agriculture 52.6% and illiterate level 32.6%. The implementation by classical prevention program already showed 266 melioidosis patients, with male 67.9%, agriculture 67.5% with underlying disease 40.8% in 2018. State of art by univariate analysis, the factors significantly associated with prevention and control of melioidosis in Sisaket province were illiterate level(p-value <0.001, 95%CI=.3532279 - 1.33766), poverty (p-value = 0.013, 95%CI= -1.654556 -.1943294), harmful drinking (p- value<0.001, 95%CI = 1.322405 - 3.061032), heavy smoking[;’; (p-value<0.001, 95%CI = -3.15749 - 1.592358), use surface water (p-value<0.001, 95%CI = -4.941643 -2.955131), outdoor area while eating (p- value<0.001, 95%CI = 1.078689 - 2.687892), having underlying melioidosis disease (p-value<0.014, 95%CI = -.5004897 -.0568003), and residence in the area of Sisaket lower for more than 20 year (p-value<0.012, 95%CI = -2.216069 -.2811972). Our finding indicated that the national prevention and control require health promotion programme for melioidosis. The another crucial point indicates that a geographical-socioecological investigation still need for surveillance program of melioidosis in Sisaket province, Thailand. The control requires an understanding and modification of the coupled human and natural variables that disease transmission in endemic communities. KEYWORDS: Burkholderia Pseudomallei, Melioidosis, Prevention and Control International Journal of Geoinformatics, Conference Proceedings for 7th HealthGIS Conference ISBN No: 978-616-90698-5-0 © Geoinformatics International

P a g e | 194 Incidence Rates and Geographical Distribution of Typhoid Cases in Kelantan, Malaysia from 2012 to 2015 Wira Alfatah Ab Ayah Ab Aziz,1 Kamarul Imran Musa1 and Fauziah Mohd Noor2 1School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] 2Kelantan State Health Department, Ministry of Health, Malaysia E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Typhoid is an endemic infectious disease in Malaysia, and the state of Kelantan has among the highest typhoid incidence rates. To estimate the typhoid incidence rates in Kelantan, Malaysia, and its sub-districts and to examine the geographical distribution of typhoid cases in Kelantan from the year 2012 to 2015. Data for Typhoid cases for the year 2012 to 2015 were provided by the Department of Health, Kelantan and consisted of coordinates and other covariates. The census tract data based on the 2010 Population Census came from the Department of Statistics, Malaysia. Incidence rates were calculated, and cluster analysis was performed using the Nearest Neighbour Index (NNI). A total of 290 confirmed cases of typhoid in Kelantan were notified from 2012 until 2015. The highest number of cases came from Kota Bharu district (31.4%) followed by Tumpat district (26.5%) and Pasir Mas district (25.9%). The highest incidence rate (IR) was recorded from Rantau Panjang sub-district (IR = 9.55 per 10,000 populations) in 2015 and the lowest IR was recorded from Batu Mengkabang in Kuala Krai (IR = 0.16 per 10,000 populations). Significant clusters were observed for each year in four years period. The most significant cluster was in 2015 with r value 0.41 and z value 19.30 using the NNI. Typhoid cases in Kelantan, Malaysia are heavily clustered in the urban area; Kota Bharu, Tumpat, Pasir Mas, Pasir Puteh and Tanah Merah which are also the area of high population density. KEYWORDS: Typhoid, Geographical Distribution, Incidence, Nearest Neighbour Index International Journal of Geoinformatics, Conference Proceedings for 7th HealthGIS Conference ISBN No: 978-616-90698-5-0 © Geoinformatics International

P a g e | 195 Fish Borne Parasitic Zoonosis Surveillance in Northeastern Thailand Ei Ei Phyo Myint1 Amornpun Sereemaspun2 Anuwat Phalee3 and Choosak Nithikathkul1* 1Tropical and Parasitic Diseases Research Unit, Graduate Studies Division, Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham 44000, Thailand E-mail: [email protected] 2Nanomedicine Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University Bangkok, Thailand 3Faculty of Technology, Nakhon Phanom University, Thailand ABSTRACT Fish borne parasitic infections have been important public health problems in many parts of the world, particularly in countries of lower Mekong regions ie; Thailand, Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR), Vietnam, Cambodia and Myanmar. Currently, many reports indicate that metacercariae of pathogenic tematodes are found in freshwater fish commonly small liver fluke, Opisthorchis viverrini; minute intestinal flukes (MIF); family of Heterophyidae. In Thailand, the epicenter of this disease is located in northeast region, where high a prevalence of opisthorchiasis coexists with a high incidence of cholangiocarcinoma (CHCA), a major primary carcinoma of the liver with a very poor prognosis. The purpose of this study is to investigate the surveillance characteristics of the geographic information for the prevalence of fish-borne trematode metacercariae in from Northeast of Thailand. A total 1222 samples of freshwater fishes (19 different species) were randomly collected from four locations of northeastern Thailand ie; Nikom KomeSoi, Sakon Nakhon, Sisaket and Kalasin. The collected fishes were examined for presence of the infective stage of the parasite, i.e., metacercariae by pepsin-HCl artificial digestion techniques. Detected metacercariae were observed and identified using a stereomicroscope and light microscope. A GIS database for the study of fish borne trematode metacercariae was implemented using Arc Map 10.5 software. Our study shows that fish- borne trematode metacercariae are found in a variety of fish species, relating to carcinogenic liver fluke, Opisthorchis viverrini; minute intestinal flukes, Haplorchis taichui; Haplorchis pumilio and Haplorchoides sp. A total of 571 freshwater cyprinoid fishes (8 species of fishes)were infected with fish-borne trematode metacercariae and overall prevalence is 46.72% (571/1222).The geographic information (latitude and longitude) associated with the infection rates among susceptible species of fresh water fish was recorded and built a fish borne geo-dataset for Geographical Information System (GIS) development .GIS can be useful in establishing strategies for the prevention of transmission of food borne diseases originating in infected fish found in water catchment areas. KEYWORDS: Opisthorchiidae; Opisthorchis viverrini; minute intestinal flukes (MIF); Heterophyidae, Geographical Information System (GIS) International Journal of Geoinformatics, Conference Proceedings for 7th HealthGIS Conference ISBN No: 978-616-90698-5-0 © Geoinformatics International

P a g e | 196 The Role of Remote Sensing and GIS for the Study of Environmental Aspects of Dengue and Chikungunya Epidemic Transmission in Dakshina Kannada District, Karnataka State, India Naveenchandra Bellare,1 Usha Naveen,2 Francis Andrade1 and Shannon Meryl Pinto1 1Vijnan Foundation for Innovation Research in Science and Technology, India E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] 2Government P U College for Girls Udupi, India E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT The epidemics namely Dengue and chikungunya, an arboviral infections transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes, is emerging as the most important mosquito-borne viral disease and it is a serious global public health problem. From 1991 onwards the epidemics of dengue and Chikungunya has been steadily increased to become very serious threat to public and has become essentially public health important in India. Recent trends indicates that there is a considerable increase in the frequency and severity of both chickungunya and dengue outbreaks with a spread to both urban and rural areas of Karnataka State, India Both Chickungnuya and Dengue is a major health issue in Dakshina Kannada district of Karnataka State, India and considerable numbers of people are afflicted by it. Historically, both epidemics were considered an urban disease; however, with the rapid urbanization and unplanned constructions, the incidence of dengue has increased in both towns and villages of the study area. The main reason for the increase in rural areas is due to rapid unplanned urbanization, with unchecked construction activities and poor sanitation facilities that contribute to the proliferation of the mosquitoes and the virus. Gaining the spatial knowledge to better understand the distribution of epidemic cases in association with dengue vector breeding sources, vector density in reference to space and time, and it is important to develop spatial databases, and to analyze this information with climatic, geo-environmental, entomological and socioeconomic risk factors for a given area. Geographical information systems (GIS) based systematic housing and population survey with aid of GPS is useful for collecting data for the study of factors affecting DF and its vector distribution. The role of remote sensing and GIS based techniques is an important datum of base line for formulating control activities, assessing changes in transmission in different environmental setup over time and determining resources to control prevalence, particularly in areas of high and moderate risk of epidemic transmission. Therefore, the present study has been designed for mapping the occurrences of disease epidemics and to study the environmental aspects both of dengue and chikungunya epidemics. GIS tool has been applied in a scientific manner for mapping the prevalence of infection and disease transmission status in the study area, and further, the environmental factors including manmade and geographical, climates, besides the factors related to host, parasite and vectors, demographic and developmental transitions was studied. GIS has been used for mapping of disease prevalence and analyzing epidemic situation and perhaps, assisting to controlling the epidemic situation at the village area of Dakshina Kannada District of Karnataka State. KEYWORDS: Remote Sensing, Geographical Information System, Dengue, Chickungunya International Journal of Geoinformatics, Conference Proceedings for 7th HealthGIS Conference ISBN No: 978-616-90698-5-0 © Geoinformatics International

P a g e | 197 Analysis of COVID-19 Spreading in Wenzhou, China Wenning Li,1,2 Jieping Zhou,1,2 Jianhua Gong1,2 and Lihui Zhang, 3 Nasir Farid4 and Adnan Arshad5 1Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences, China 2University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] 3School of Geology and Geomatics of Tianjin Cheng Jian University, China E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT In December 2019, the first confirmed case of novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia was reported. As of March 13, 2020, a total of 504 cases were confirmed in Wenzhou, China, of these the individual data pertaining to 473 cases were published. Based on the epidemic data reported by the Health Commission of Wenzhou, we analyzed the characteristics of the development of the epidemic based on the Susceptible- Exposed-Infectious-Removed (SEIR) model. The incidence curves of COVID-19 in Wenzhou were constructed. The real time reproduction number of COVID-19 was calculated. The number of new confirmed cases is relatively flat before January 23, 2020. From January 24 to January 31, 2020, the number of new cases shows exponential growth. After the implementation of travel restrictions, contacts tracing and social distance measures the epidemic was controlled. KEYWORS: COVID-19, SEIR Modeling, Epidemic Spreading, Disease Control International Journal of Geoinformatics, Conference Proceedings for 7th HealthGIS Conference ISBN No: 978-616-90698-5-0 © Geoinformatics International

P a g e | 198 COVID-19 Lock down Affecting Mental Health; Review and Situation Ladda Pholputta,1 Mayuree Glubvong,3 Sucheera Amornmahaphun,1,2 Jariya Jiranukul,1 Pramote Thongkajai1 and Choosak Nithikathkul1 1Tropical and Parasitic Diseases Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Thailand E-mail: [email protected],[email protected] 2Mental Health Department, Roi-et Hospital, Roi-et, Thailand,E-mail: [email protected] 3Faculty of Nurse, Western University, Thailand ABSTRACT Major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder are among the most commonly diagnosed mental illnesses in Thailand; both are associated with a high societal and economic burden. Treatment for major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder consists of pharmacological and psychological interventions. Three commonly used psychological interventions are cognitive behavioral therapy, interpersonal therapy, and supportive therapy. The phenomenal of mental health situation and trend of seniors and adolescents to assess the effectiveness. The Situation review were investigated from Roi-et public health office, Roi-et province. The burden showed the mental disorder revealed the problem as a depression in targets represent the phenomenal in year 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 and 2020 were 1.03,0.38, 0.18, 0.44 and 0.28 percentages respectively. Seniors mental health depression already showed the prevalence 0.03, 0.0.4, 0.036, 0.039 and 0.052 in year 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018 consequence. In Era of COVID-19 outbreak affected by our reviews show there is a high prevalence of psychological health problems among senior and adolescents, which are negatively associated with the level of awareness of COVID-19. The crucial outcome from spatial analysis using GIS show the highest and lowest prevalence in Kaset Wisai district and Thung Kao Lunang district. the These findings suggest that the government needs to pay more attention to psychological health among adolescents while combating COVID-19. KEYWORDS: Mental Health, COVID-19, Psychological Health International Journal of Geoinformatics, Conference Proceedings for 7th HealthGIS Conference ISBN No: 978-616-90698-5-0 © Geoinformatics International

P a g e | 199 Candidate and Alternative Treatment for COVID-19 by Using Thai Traditional Herbs Korakot Chaimongkhon, Choosak Nithikathkul and Pramote Thongkrajai Tropical and Parasitic Disease Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Thailand E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] ABSTRACT In the Era of 2020, most pandemic begins in the emerging hot spot of the world. During 2019, the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as a life-threatening disease is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that is accounted as global public health concern. Currently no specific treatment for COVID-19. The is primarily supportive and the role of antiviral agents is yet to be established. However, there are no specific anti-COVID-19 drugs and vaccine until now. In the reviews and experiences, under the umbrella of complementary medicine and traditional medicine were considered of the alternative approaches in the treatment of the infection. Traditional herbs were suggested by Chinese medicine for prevention, treatment and rehabilitation. The 10 Chinese herbal recipes were already delivered out according to the literature review. The majority of herbal plants including Mormon-tea (Ephedrae Herba) Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) Golden chumphon (Artemisiae annuae) Honeysukle (Lonicera japonica) and Ginger (Zingiber officinale). However, Thailand already showed the natural plants act as COVID-19 Candidate treatment such as Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) Anchor (Terminalia bellirica) Saphanhom (Eupatorium chinense L.) Mother (Angelica dahurica). The crucial active ingredient for upper part of respiratory tract diseases were Quercetin, Andrographolide, Glyrrhizin, Kaempferol, and Curcumin. The main suggestion is that the Thai traditional herbs and natural product could be used alone and in combination. It is alternative treatment or traditional candidate prevention or treatment. Finally, further studies are more needed to clarify the mechanisms and the pathways, which will help to improve their clinical usefulness. KEYWORDS: COVID-19, Alternative Treatment, Traditional Herb International Journal of Geoinformatics, Conference Proceedings for 7th HealthGIS Conference ISBN No: 978-616-90698-5-0 © Geoinformatics International

P a g e | 200 Hospital Safety Index (HSI) for Covid-19 Pandemic Mitigation: A New GIS-Aided Framework Fahmi Charish Mustofa1 and Mufidatul Laily2 1STPN (Sekolah Tinggi Pertanahan Nasional), Indonesia, E-mail: [email protected] 2UMY (Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta), Indonesia E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT In recent statistics, Indonesia suffered a very serious situation, in term of quantity, on pandemic Covid-19 management. So research on hospital preparedness for such disaster is necessary. One of the tools to measure the readiness of hospitals in facing disasters using the Hospital Safety Index (HSI) from the World Health Organization (WHO). This study aims to determine the readiness of hospitals to deal with Covid-19 pandemic using HSI. Research location in Yogyakarta Province Indonesia. The population used are hospitals (community health centre or PKU) that own and manage by Muhammadiyah (NGO). These PKU’s certified (accredited) by The Komite Akreditasi Rumah Sakit (hospital accreditation committee or KARS). The approach used is descriptive qualitative. Sampling by purposive sampling. The sample used is the PKU’s officer in charge of the structural part of the disaster management system. The independent variable is the HSI from WHO, and the dependent variable is The PKU’s. Checklist refers to the HSI form from WHO. Each statement provides three types of answers, namely low, medium and high. All statements are a total number of low scores, medium scores and high scores using the HSI calculator. The results of the study are that hospitals with plenary accreditation have higher HSI scores so that they prepared to face disasters than hospitals that have not been plenarily accredited. KEYWORDS: Geographic Information System (GIS), Hospital Safety Index (HSI), Accessibility, Health Infrastructure International Journal of Geoinformatics, Conference Proceedings for 7th HealthGIS Conference ISBN No: 978-616-90698-5-0 © Geoinformatics International