Catholic Manipur Magazine, October 2021.3.

Shepherd’s Voice on Synodal Church 1

SHEPHERD’S VOICE ON SYNODAL CHURCH (Most Rev. Dominic Lumon DD) Archbishop of Imphal The Holy Father Pope Francis had convened a synod for the whole church starting from October 2021 to October 2023. He officially initiated the opening of the Synod from October 9-10, 2021. All the dioceses in the world inaugurated the Synod in their own diocese on 17th October, 2021. A synod is gathering of the assembly of bishops, clergy, religious and the faithful. The theme of this synod is synod on synodality \"Synodality is an expression of the church's style. The Word 'Synod’ says it all it means \"journeying together'. And the movement is fruit of decility to the Holy Spirit, who direct this history, in which all have a part to play,\" said Pope Francis. The synod is reflecting on the word of God ensuring diversity in the life of church and listening to all the section of the people in such a way as to become the church in dialogue, church becoming a listening church and thus the theme is synodal church communion, participation and mission The purpose of the synod is to gather representatives of the people of God in the diocese in the spirit of communion, to inspire participation in the diocesan phase of the synodal process and to be sent out on the pilgrim path of the synodal journey as the missionary journey. The propose structure of synodal liturgy: • In every parish church, diocesan phase of the synodal process will be initiated through liturgical celebration; • Due importance should be given to the word of God; • Invoking the guidance of the Holy Spirit through a hymn/prayer to the Holy Spirit; • Entrusting the synodal process through maternal intercession of mother Mary, the mother of the church. Dear fathers, sisters and faithful, let us take this information seriously and do the best in initiating the diocesan synodal process, by your instruction to the faithful and praying for the Universal Church. 2

A STUDY ON ACADEMIC CONCERN OF TRIBAL STUDENTS OF HIGH SCHOOLS IN HILL DISTRICTS OF MANIPUR Rev. (Dr) Fr. Avince Anthony Dilbung Introduction PhD research study is an intent observant study on a phenomenon for a certain period of time. A minimum of 3.5 years of observant study on a phenomenon has to be done as per UGC guideline. Accordingly, 3.5 years of observant study was done on the ‘Academic Concern’ of education stakeholders of 34 mission high schools in ten hill districts of Manipur. ‘Academic Concern’ is a pure wish of education stakeholders such as Government, School Authority, Teachers, Parents and Peer Groups in favor of tribal students at Mission High Schools in ten hill districts of Manipur. Academic Concern is a mere feeling or wish. It is psychological in nature. It is therefore, a qualitative study. It is a bit of explorative study. Therefore, it is empirical. It being a bit of empirical study a quantitative or scientific method was also used. The higher is the degree of academic concern the higher will be its impact on the academic performance and personality formation of tribal students and vice-versa. The mean score of academic concern of each education stakeholders differed and therefore differently impacted the academic performance and personality formation of tribal students. In an attempt to find out the variance in the degrees of academic concern of each education stakeholders it was found that there were mainly five factors that greatly influenced each of education stakeholders differently. Key Words: Education Stakeholders, Mission High Schools, Academic Concern, tribal, hill districts, Academic Performance, Personality, and quality education. Importance of the Study Progress is a process. Education is a progressive process. Education of tribals is a process. The process of tribal children education is conditioned by the good will of tribal parents, their economic status, parental educational level, availability of good schools with good infrastructure, quality teachers with creative teaching methods, quality management system, quality of pedagogy in the school, good educational environment, continuous parents involvement in the interest of their children education, positive peer influence, the good will of government as educational stakeholder, the good will of school authority, the good will of teachers, the good will of peer groups, etc. All these factors contribute greatly in creation of readily employable citizens. The research study found that the academic concern of education stakeholders is below the expected level and accordingly the academic performance and personality formation of tribal students are below the expected level. 3

Objectives of the Study: Given the Review of literature and scope of study the objectives of the research study Were: 1) To find out the profile of missionary high schools in hill districts of Manipur; 2) To analyse the academic concern of tribal students of missionary High schools; 3) To identify the factors affecting the academic concern of tribal students; 4) To suggest right strategies that could improve the academic concern of tribal students. Methodology: There are 34 mission high schools in the hill districts of Manipur. During the academic year 2019-2020, there were 33527 students enrolled in 34 mission high schools out of which the number of tribal students was 30288 (15163 male tribal students and 15116 tribal female students). As per Cochran Method for 30288 population 379 samples size was considered for the research study. Sample: The research scholar has adopted mixed sampling method. Purposive sampling method was used in selection of only tribal students at mission high schools and the ten hill districts of Manipur. Simple random sampling method was used in selection of respondents so that everyone has chance of being selected. Cluster sampling method was used in selection of respondents district- wise to study the degree of good academic will of tribal parents. Tools and Methods of Data Collection: For this research study the research scholar has used interview schedule, Focus Group Discussion and Survey Methods to collect the primary data. The interview schedule consisted of both semi-structured and structured questionnaires. The secondary data were collected from books, journals, e-resources, etc. Major Findings: Table No.1 Overall Mean Sclae Statistics of Academic Concern of the Parents Mean Variance Std. Deviation N of Items Parents 47.62 36.641 6.296 11 20 Teachers 81.90 54.476 7.381 20 20 School Authority 87.94 28.784 5.365 Peer Group 79.42 90.811 9.529 Source: Compiled from Survey Data. 4

From the above given Table No: 1 the mean score of parents is the lowest and that of school authority is highest. Higher is the academic concern Mean score higher is the commitment towards the cause of academic performance and personality formation of the tribal students. The mean score of parents was too low. It should have been the highest in order to make the score of other stake holders go up higher still. The impact on academic performance and personality formation will be still greater. Table No: 2 Overall Mean Score Scale Statistics for the Degree of Academic Performance of the Students Mean Variance Std. Deviation N of Items 67.66 66.665 8.165 20 Source: Compiled from Survey Data Table No: 2 show that the overall academic performance of students is 67.66 percent. It is not very satisfactory as the score is below the expected level Table No: 3 Overall Mean Score Scale Statistics for the Degree of Personality of the Students Mean Variance Std. Deviation N of Items 119.87 71.991 8.485 30 Compiled from Survey Data. The above Table No: 3 show that the Mean score for the degree of personality formation is 119.87 percent. The finding shows that tribal students at mission high schools have good personality formation. NB: (‘N of Items’ mean number of questionnaires formulated against the variable under each hypothesis (hypothesis not reflected here. Each hypothesis was tested with z-test since sample size was 34. The questionnaires were thrown to 379 respondents. Their opinions were collected and statistically tabulated with SPSS software) The research study further made an attempt to explore the causes for academic concern. There were about 30 factors that could possibly influence each education stakeholder. With the help of factor rotation 30 factors were reduced to 5 factors, viz. political factor, social factor, educational factor, economic factor and physical factor. The research finding showed that each of education stake holders was greatly influenced by largely economic factor, and then comes political factor, social factor, educational factor and physical factor. The variance scale of impact is not reflected here on purpose. 5

Role of Social Worker: There is a need to employ professional social workers in all the mission high schools in hill districts of Manipur. Through group work method tribal students can be helped to perform better academically, make the students holistic in mind and body, have better personality formation, etc. Conclusion: Tribal parents want quality education to their children but failed to give quality time to their children. Financial investment alone is not enough. If the academic concern of parents were to be the highest all the other education stakeholders will invest their resource better. This will further impact the academic performance and personality of their children better. ARCHDIOCESAN NEWS COLUMN SILVER JUBILEE OF RELIGIOUS PROFESSION OF SR. ELIZABETH KHULAR Senapati, October 2, 2021: The community organized a thanksgiving Holy Eucharist which was presided over by most Rev Dominic Lumon, Archbishop of Imphal Archdiocese. 14 priests in and around Senapati concelebrated the Holy mass. The presence of MSMHC from various communities in Manipur, sisters, friends and family members added joy and colour to the celebration. The Archbishop in his homily appreciated Sr. Elizabeth Khular for being channel of grace to many for the past 25 years, her selfless service to the church through the congregation. After the Holy Eucharist, the students of St. Mary’s felicitated the Jubiliarian with various cultural items. The Jubiliarian thanked God for his faithful love, congregation, parents, friends and all who shared their life to reach this jubilee year. The day’s celebration was concluded with a jubilee meal. 6

DSSS EXTENDING HELPS TO VILLAGES DSSS, Imphal October 3, 2021: Rev. Fr. Biju Lukose, director of Diocesan Social Service Society (DSSS), Rev. Fr. George Mingthing, the assistant Director of Diocesan Social Service Society along with the staff of DSSS handed over 40 Medical kits to Ferrando Dispensary Tengnoupal on September 2021. It may be mentioned that A COVID care centre is set at Kharam Pallen in Kangpokpi district and COVID relief materials were distributed to the people. MEETING WITH SHRI JOHN BARLA, MINISTER OF STATE FOR MINORITY AFFAIRS. Archbishop’s House, Impha, October 8, 2021: Shri John Barla, Union Minister of State for Minority Affairs made a visit to Manipur and had a fruitful interaction with the Curia members. He is a Catholic (MP) from Jalpaiguri diocese. The members present for the interaction section were: Most. Rev. Dominic Lumon, Rev. Fr. John Kashiiprii, Rev. Fr. Dale Joseph, Rev. Fr, Varghese Velickakam, Rev. Fr. Lijomon George, Rev. Fr. Solomon Thezii and Shri. Francis Ngajokpa, Ex-Minister, had a fruitful interaction with the minister. The minister enlightened the members by explaining the possibility of getting the PM Schemes for the minority. Meeting was concluded with a delicious dinner, along with minster 13 dignitaries joined for the dinner. 7

PRIESTS MONTHLY RECOLLECTION Retreat House, Imphal, October 13, 2021: Monthly recollection for the priests working in the Archdiocese of Imphal was held on 13 October at Retreat House, Imphal. Rev. (Dr.) Fr. Samuel Kapani, former Dean of studies and residential staff at Oriens Theological College, Shillong, gave an inspiring talk on “Post CPOVID time with God and his people”. All together 43 priests came for the recollection. FIRST RELIGIOUS PROFESSION THANKSGIVING MASS St. Anthony’s Mission Centre Laii, October 17, 2021: First Religious Profession for Rev. Sr. Avanai Florence FCC and Rev. Sr. Masoune Rufina FCC was held at St. Anthony’s Church Laii. Rev. Fr. Solomon Thezii, Chancellor of the Archdiocese of Imphal was the main celebrant. Rev. Fr. Kanmi Dominic and Rev. Fr. Kurian Pattimackal MSFS joined as co-celebrants. A short felicitation programme was held after the Holy Mass. The two newly professed sisters moved the crowd to tears through their emotional and breathtaking stories about their journey to religious life. It may be mentioned here that Sr. Avanai Florence lost both parents during her formation period and Sr. Masoune Rufina lost her beloved mother when she was studying in class VII. Rev. Fr. Kurian Pattimackal MSFS, spiritual director of SFS Medziiphema, Nagaland, in his short exhortation, expressed his deep sense of happiness in seeing the big Church filled by the faithful. He said, “years back in 1990’s at the starting time of the Church construction, I told to the Church Construction Committee, no use of going for such a huge Church. Today as I look at the crowd, tears rolled from my eyes, and realized my foolishness in making such statement. May this Church continue to grow in number and in faith.” 8

THE OPENING OF THE DIOCESAN PHASE OF SYNOD St. Joseph Cathedral, October 17, 2021: The Archdiocese of Imphal, on 17th October, 29th Sunday in Ordinary Time solemnly inaugurated the Diocesan Phase of Synod, with Archbishop Dominic Lumonas the main celebrant of the Eucharistic celebration, joined by eight priests in and around Imphal. Radio Veritas Asia: Zo Service was represented by Fr.Mark Thang Khan Ai, Director and Mr.William Xyen Zo as videographer. Fortunately for the parish faithful, COVID-19 restrictions had been eased two weeks back and so they were able to come and join the Mass in moderate number. The Archbishop in his homily, quoting the Gospel of the day stressed the need to service each other rather than compete for possessions and positions that had marred the mission of the church. He stressed the need to resuscitate the mission of the church to preach the Gospel in and out of season. “Unlike the two sons of Zebedee, let us not get mad at possessions and positions” he said. Quoting the Gospel he again stressed on the loving and patient correction made by Jesus on the wrong impression of the apostles on the future earthly kingdom of Jesus. Jesus’ mission was a mission of preaching, suffering and death to complete his mission. ARCHBISHOP INAUGURATES THE SYNOD AND EXPLAINS THE SYNOD LOGO St. Joseph’s Cathedral, October 17, 2021: After the Eucharistic celebration, there was the official inauguration of the Diocesan Phase Synod at the portico of the cathedral. The archbishop himself took some time out to explain the meaning of the Synod Logo to the gathering. He started with the large, majestic tree, full of wisdom and light which reaches the sky. It is a sign of deep vitality and hope, expressing the cross of Christ, carrying the Eucharist shining like the sun above the tree. The horizontal branches show open hands or wings meaning the dynamics of the working of the Holy Spirit. Under the tree can be seen the people of God, having no hierarchy of position as they march forward. The baselines display communion, participation and mission of the church. The Synod launched this October will conclude in October, 2023. 9

INAUGURATION OF APPROACH ROAD TO MISSION CENTRE St. Anthony’s Mission Centre, Laii, October 18, 2021: The new approach road to St. Anthony’s Mission Centre, Laii was blessed and inaugurated on 18 October 2021. Rev. Fr. Kanmi Dominic, priest in charge of the mission centre imparted the blessing and Shri. LM. Markson, former ADC chairman inaugurated the new approach road. It may be recalled that the proposal for the approach road was pronounced by Shri, LM. Markson himself. Indeed he contributed his ideas as well as he generously financed for the cutting. May the choicest blessings of God be upon him, and may he have a bright future. NEWLY LEVELED PLAYGROUND INAUGURATION Sacred Heart School, Laii, October, 18, 2021: The newly cut and leveled playground was blessed by Rev. Fr. Bonio Fredrick, Principal of St. Joseph’s Higher Secondary School, Imphal, and inaugurated by Shri Losii Dikho, Minister of PHED, Printing and Stationary, Government Manipur on 18 October 2021. The Catholic Church and School Board members of Sacred Heart School Laii, expressed their deep sentiments of gratitude to the local MLA Shri Losii Dikho for his continual supports and helps extended to the mission centre. May the blessings of God be upon him. 10

ONE DAY FINANCIAL LITERACY PROGRAMME Sacred Heart Parish, Hungdung, Ocotber 19, 2021: A team from the State Bank of India, Ukhrul Branch came and conducted One day Financial Literacy Programme at Sacred Heart Higher Secondary School Hungpung. The programme was conducted for the students, teachers, parents and Hungpung village. On the same day opening of saving Bank Account & PAN Card making was freely done by SBI Branch Ukhrul. RONGMEI CATECHISTS RETREAT CUM REFRESHER COURSE Retreat House, Mantripukhri, October 18-21, 2021: The First The Annual Catechists’ Refresher Course 2021 could not take place due to COVID-19 restrictions. Restriction were eased two weeks ago. The Rongmei Catholic Community sprang into action immediately and organized the first breather refresher course, both for the local catechists and Touring Catechists. Touring Catechists refer to trained catechists who are commissioned by the diocese with monthly salary. The refresher course began on 17 October and concluded on 20 October. The Rongmei priests were the chief animators of the programme besides Fr. Linus Neli, Director of Retreat House who took a two hours marathon session on 19 October. These four days animation programme called “The First Rongmei Catechists’ Refresher Course” is an input and interaction packed programme during which the catechists refreshed their commitment to the church and are given new and refreshing inputs to make their ministry come alive. It is most heartening to hear them singing songs of praise in the morning before the session and attending the Eucharistic celebration with great devotion. Such animation programmes are rare in the diocese even during pre-COVID as Catholic communities are scattered all over the hills of Manipur. It was the trained catechists who had the rare privileged being animated annually under the sponsorship of the diocese. This fours days animation programme of the Rongmei Catholic community is said to be a model for other communities to follow. The 11

programme caem to a conclusion with the Eucharistic celebration, presided by the Archbishop, Dominic Lumon, DD, Archbishop of Imphal at retreat house. FIRST HOLY COMMUNICANTS Christ the King Parish, Liyai October 24, 2021: On this auspicious world Mission Sunday, The faithful of Christ the King Church Liyai, witnessed 96 of their children receiving First Holy Communion. The church members expressed their heartfelt gratitude to Rev. Fr. Jerome Veigas SJ, Fr. Khathing Jeremiah SJ, Sr. Helen, Sr. Reine, Sr. Marina and Sr. Clare for catechizing and instructing the children. It may be mentioned that 7 youths were given baptism on the 23rd October (Saturday). Good number of faithful came for the service. May the blessings of God be upon this Church so that she will grow in number and faith. CATHOLIC COMMUNITY AT KANGLATONGBI Mantripukhri, October 24, 2021: World Mission Sunday Theme, “We cannot but speak of what we have seen and heard (Atcs 4:20)” Taking forward the theme, St. Joseph Cathedral Parish Women Society went and conducted Holy Rosay Service at Catholic Community at Kanglatongbi. It may be mentioned that 2 more members are added to this community and both have received baptism within this month of October 2021. The presence of the Catholics in this village came to the knowledge of Archbishop a couple of years back. To foster the pastoral care to the faithful of the area, Archbishop has appointed Oja Moni Moses (catechist) to oversee the Catholic families/members in and around Kanglatongbi area. Rev. Sr. Martha Pinky SMMI hails from this community and at present she is serving in one of the mission schools at Nagpur. We shall continue to uphold them in our prayers. 12

THREE DAYS SPIRITUAL RENEWAL PROGRAMME St. John’s Parish Nungba, October 15-17, 2021: A three days Spiritual Renewal program was held at St. Peter's Church, Kanbeanpang. It was animated by Family of Faith, under the able leadership of Rev. Fr. Francis Tinglung SDB and Bro. Daisinlung. The program was hosted by St. Peter's Church. Kanbeanpang. Faithful from different villages took part for the programme. About 1000 people came for the programme, good number of people from other denominations too joined for the programme. SEMINARIANS PICNIC CUM SOCIAL WORK DAY Mantripukri, October 30, 2021: The Seminarians of St. Thomas Minor Seminary Imphal, went for a day out “PICNIC CUM SOCIAL WORK to Lhangnom Village, the newly purchased land of the Archdiocese of Imphal, under Imphal West District. The team was led by Rev. Fr. Albert Rakesh, Dean of studies and Bro. Marcus Letkholal, Brother assistant. Archbishop’s house fathers; Fr. John Kashiiprii, Fr. Varghese Velickakam, Fr. Dale Joseph, Fr. Solomon Thezii and Sr. Jolly SJSM joined the seminarians for the day out. The young seminarians were provided tools/implements like croppers, knives, spades for clearing the area. The young and energetic seminarians tirelessly went against the scorching sun in clearing the thick jungle. They worked for a long duration so much so that some of them even got blisters in their hands. 13

MARIAN PROCESSION AT HOLY ROSARY PARISH PURUL Holy Rosary Parish, Purul, October 30-31, 2021: The parishioners of Holy Rasry Parish Purul had a solemn Marian procession on 30 October 2021. The procession starts from Purul Akutpa Church Compound and concluded at parish centre. Hundreds of faithful took part in the procession. The month of Holy Rosary concluded with a solemn Eucharistic Celebration. Archbishop Dominic Lumon presided over the Holy Eucharist on 31 October 2021. All together 14 faithful received the sacrament of confirmation and 28 children received Holy Communion. YOUTH COLUMN MCYO EXECUTIVES TOUR TO CHANDEL Chandel District, October 3, 2021: The executives of the Manipur Catholic Youth Organisation along with the Director, Rev. Fr. Albert Leivon went on a tour to Chandel and had a fruitful interaction with the area Catholic Youth Organisation Executives and the parish youth leaders. The meeting was held in St. Paul's Parish, Pallel. The meeting began with a short prayer led by Rev. Fr. Aloysius, the parish priest of St. Paul’s Parish which was followed with a short exhortation encouraging the youths to be zealous leaders. The president of CCYO, Alvinson Monsang shared about the activities undertaken by the district unit and the various difficulties they face. A short sharing and introduction to the meeting was given by the Director of MCYO, Rev. Fr. Albert Leivon and motivational inputs were also given to them. Finally the MCYO executives met the chaplain of CCYO, Rev. Fr. Michael in St. Peter's Parish, Monsangpantha, Chandel. 14

THANK YOU MCYO EXECUTIVES Tamenglong/Noney Disticts, October 9, 2021: The Executive Committee of the Tamenglong and Noney Districts Catholic Youth Organisation would like to thank the MCYO for extending its support and collaboration in making the TNDCYO'S Lucky Draw in aid of the 2nd Conference a grand success. Our heartfelt gratitude to Rev. Fr. Albert Leivon, Director MCYO, the Executive Committee, MCYO and the District Units' Presidents and Secretaries and their colleagues for willingly and generously accepting our request to help us, especially in selling the draw's tickets. Dear Fr Albert, the Director and Leaders of the MCYO, your help and support mean much to us. Thank you so much for your kind help and support. May the good Lord bless u and the MCYO in all its future endeavours. With grateful hearts and prayerful wishes, (TNDCYO). MCYO EXECUTIVES PAYVISIT TO UKHRUL Mary Help of Christian Chruch, Ukhrul October 17, 2021: Manipur Catholic Youth Organization (MCYO) led by the Director MCYO Rev. Fr. Albert Leivom visited the parish youth of Mary Help of Christian, Ukhrul and had a fruitful interaction with the youths. SOCIAL MEDIA COLUMN RVA ZO SERVICE SILVER JUBILEE CELEBRATION HOTS UP Radio Veritas Audio Visual, Imphal, October 25, 2021: With the change of venue for the celebration to St.Joseph’s Parish, Sugnu, preparation for celebration of Radio Veritas Asia: Zo Service on 07 November is gathering heat with WhatsApp meetings of the staff, printing of invitation cards, engraving of the memorial stone, contacts with local celebrities and stage set up. Mr. Ginsuonhau, 60 Singngat AC and Minister for MANIREDA will grace the occasion as Chief Guest while Most Rev. Dominic Lumon, DD., will celebrate the Jubilee Mass as Chief Celebrant and take his place as Functional President during the celebration proper in the hall. 15

Gearing up for the celebration with a tight budget, the heat and the mood is gathering momentum but the staff are on the move to make the event a unique one. On the brighter side, some of RVA audience and sympathizers overseas have pledged support in whatever form to make the celebration unforgettable. Unfortunately for the service, RVA Headquarters will not be able to send a representative to attend the event due to COVID restrictions in the Philippines. There are 22 languages on air some of whom have celebrated their Silver Jubilee attended by a representative from the headquarters. To make the event eventful, the staff will be conducting a Catechism Quiz for students ranging from Class IV to college level. The plan is to give the Catholic Faith and its teaching to the youth with this celebration. The syllabus is taken from the diocesan level Catechism Quiz, translated into Zo and Thado. WOMEN COLUMN DECENT WORK DAY Chingmeirong, October 8, 2021 Ferrando Intergated development society ( FIDS) Manipur conducted a Decent work day celebration at Chingmeirong on the 8 October, 2021. All together 250 domestic workers participated for the programme. The two resource persons were Miss Martha the Coordinator of Bosco Mangal and Mr. Tiken Singh the Senior Inspector of Labour Department. The program started at 10:30am and ended at 3:30pm. Miss Ruisinlui Gonmei the field animator was the moderator. The program began with welcome address by Coordinator and presentation was given to resource person by a domestic worker. The resource person spoke on the importance of decent work day, its benefits and shared about the importance, benefits of e-shram, and procedure of registering in e-Shram. Resource persons mentioned about the rights of the workers in terms of condition of work safety and remuneration. Apart from the essential aspects of sustainable development, they also mentioned about the quality employment and decent work conditions help to reduce inequalities and poverty, and empower people. For instance; women, youths and most vulnerable people such as disabilities, Decent work as productive work for the women and men in condition of freedom, equality, security and human dignity. The resource persons mentioned some of the important points on how works are considered as decent and when: 16

It ensure equal opportunities and treatment of all It pays a fair income It guarantees a secure form of employment and safe working conditions It includes social protection for the workers and their families It offers prospects for personal development and encourages social integration Workers are free to express their concerns and to organize. The resource persons spoke on the international Labour Organisation as an agency dealing with labour issues and decent work for all. They also mentioned the main objective of ILO: Full employment and Raising of living Protection for the life and health of workers in all occupation Maternity protection etc. Decent work day can be applied for both the formal and informal sector. According to the international labour organisation (ILO) decent work involves opportunities for work that are productive and pay with fair income, security in the work place and social protection for families. The resource persons empowered the domestic workers by letting them know their right of decent work as domestic workers, encouraging them to fight for their own labour rights and stand for their rights. There was also question hours given for the domestic workers, in which a good number of participants responded which made the decent work day program successful and the day ended with light refreshment and group photos session. CATHOLIC ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS (33) (Fr. Sebastian Chelat) 145. Does the person who commits suicide go to Hell? Is Judas in hell? Should Catholics pray or offer Masses for those who committed suicide? Many Catholics wonder if committing suicide endangers one’s salvation. Although suicide violates the Fifth Commandment, “Thou shalt not kill,” the Catechism of the Catholic Church (#2283) reassures us, “We should not despair of the eternal salvation of persons who have taken their own lives. By ways known to him alone, God can provide the opportunity for salutary repentance. The Church prays for persons who have taken their own lives.” This also reinforces the importance of praying and having masses offered for those who have committed suicide, as one would for any other loved one who has died. Furthermore, as stated earlier, most 17

people who commit suicide are suffering from depression or some other mental disorder. This Catechism (#2282) teaches that these factors can diminish responsibility for the taking of one’s life: “Grave psychological disturbances, anguish, or grave fear of hardship, suffering, or torture can diminish the responsibility of the one committing suicide.” When these factors are present, the Church recognizes that the person’s ability to make a free choice was likely impaired. Some faithful wonder about Judas, who also took his own life after betraying Jesus, and believe, or have been told, that he must be in hell. The Church has never formally identified any particular person as having been condemned to hell, because such judgments are left to God alone. This is not to say that the Church denies that anyone is in hell. Some assume that Judas is in hell because of his despair, yet Scripture also recounts Judas’ remorse and attempted return of the silver he received for betraying /Christ. Again, we can look to the Catechism (1861) which tells us, (…although we can judge that an act is in itself a grave offense, we must entrust judgment of persons to the justice and mercy of God.” In Christian hope we are called to trust in God’s mercy for our loved ones as well as for ourselves. 146.How does one grieve this type of loss? Is it possible to move on? Although each person mourns differently, there are some typical patterns of grieving. Early on in the process, the initial experience may be one of shock. Survivors often react in disbelief to the news that a loved one has committed suicide, and even find themselves continuing to deny it at times, perhaps believing the death did not occur, or feeling that events seem unreal. The guilt and shame that many experience after a suicide can intensify grief and make it more difficult to manage than other types of bereavements. The intensity of the pain can cause some survivors to isolate themselves. Although this may be a self-protective coping strategy in the short term, continued social isolation can make problems worse and delay healing. Emotional numbness is another typical early reaction to bereavement by suicide. This is the body’s way of helping the survivor to make the necessary decisions and complete the tasks that must be accomplished, such as making funeral arrangements and speaking to other mourners at the funeral. While to outside observers it may seem that the survivor is coping very well, some survivors may feel guilty about their ability to take care of practical matters immediately following the suicide, and their inability to cry, even questioning their love for the deceased. Moreover, some survivors may see a friend or family member who appears to be in greater distress, which can also lead to feelings of guilt or of critical judgment from others. Emotional numbness may fade in a few days or weeks, and may come and go over the next year, but at some point, painful emotions are likely to take over as the grieving process progresses. However, if the numbness is prolonged, lasting for months after the suicide, it may be an 18

indicator that the person should seek professional help from a physician or mental health therapist. Confusion is another common early reaction to bereavement by suicide. Sometimes the unexpected and sudden nature of a loved one’s death by suicide makes it difficult to comprehend the reality and permanence of the situation. Difficulties with memory and concentration can occur, and anxiety and fear may be triggered, causing the survivor to become overly suspicious or cautious, and constantly on the lookout for some other bad thing to happen because the world has suddenly become an unsafe place. Denial, also, for survivors of suicide, is not uncommon in the early stages of grieving. Denial helps some people to feel as though they have some control in the face of the terrible reality of suicide. Part of accepting the reality of the death is to get the facts straight about how the suicide happened, although for some, simply saying the word “suicide” can be difficult. Denial may also manifest itself by an increase in physical problems. These physical reactions may include crying, outbursts, physical exhaustion, problems sleeping, loss of appetite, difficulty concentrating, forgetfulness, headaches, nausea, digestive problems, and lack of motivation. Ultimately, even if its progression is slow, accepting the difficult reality of a loved one’s death will help survivors to realize that no one has control over the actions of others. Temporary coping mechanisms are a normal part of the grieving process and are not a reflection of one’s love or devotion. Individual personalities and coping styles affect the grieving process, and not everyone will experience the same reactions. Again, it is important to understand that people experience grief differently, and the apparent level of distress is not a reflection of one’s love for the deceased. As early symptoms of grief subside, other emotions begin to emerge. One must remember that emotions are neither right nor wrong. Rather, it is what one does with them that gives them a moral quality (Catechism of the Catholic Church, #1767, 1773). One common reaction to suicide is anger or rage. The bereaved often feel angry with themselves or with the deceased for leaving them and other loved ones with a legacy of rejection, betrayal, abandonment and extreme suffering. Blame may be directed at those who were in contact with the deceased near the time of their suicide, at the mental health system, and at society itself for stigmatizing mental illness and suicide. They might believe that the suicide was spiteful, and have difficulty trusting again after such a great blow. For some, this rejection confirms beliefs that they are unlovable, possibly affecting the their sense of self-worth and leading them to isolate themselves from others to avoid the risk of being hurt again. Isolation, however, prevents the bereaved from locating support. Along with being angry at the departed, they may simultaneously miss and long for them with intense sorrow and loneliness. In reacting to their 19

inability to change the situation, many survivors experience feelings of powerlessness and helplessness which can lead to hopelessness and despair. Despair can deplete energy to care about what happens to oneself or no others and can lead to suicidal feelings. Anger, even towards the deceased, is an acceptable and understandable reaction. Anger can be part of the healing process, and denying this legitimate feeling because of a mistaken fear that it is somehow wrong will only delay healing. Proper expression and acknowledgment of feelings of anger actually enables healing. Talking with someone who is understanding and non- judgmental, going for a walk or a run, punching a pillow or lifting weights, journaling about feelings, writing (but not sending) letters to those at whom the anger is directed, (the deceased, God or others), are all productive ways of coping with anger. Have an honest conversation with God about these feelings, knowing that His unconditional love will heal anger and aid in the task of forgiveness. The natural sense of relief one experiences when a source of tension, such as a strained relationship or prolonged suffering, is removed, may be both a source of guilt, and the means by which a survivor of suicide punishes himself for the responsibility he assumes for the death. Feelings of guilt can also occur for laughing, having a good time or merely being alive when the loved one is dead. In addition, some survivors are haunted by nightmares or flashbacks, especially if they witnessed the event or found the loved one. They may find themselves either avoiding people or places that remind them of the suicide, or reliving those images over and over again in their minds. Survivors of suicide are more susceptible to developing depression and even to committing suicide themselves. Furthermore, family relationships can suffer greatly when grief is not resolved. It is important not to ignore these feelings or to deny one’s self the freedom to mourn. Additional support may be essential for healing and to ensure that further problems do not develop. Finally, some may feel a certain stigma regarding the suicide, which stems from a concern that others may regard them, or the departed, as somehow blameworthy or defective. Feelings of embarrassment, shame and a desire to hide the true nature of the death may cause survivors to withdraw to avoid difficult questions, or what they might perceive as disapproval. Police investigation can exacerbate feelings of shame. Although shame is not an uncommon reaction, it may hinder the ability to cope with underlying feelings, and trap its victims in their shame and isolation. People who have not had the experience of losing a loved one to suicide often do not know how to respond and may simply feel inadequate, wanting to avoid saying something that might cause pain. Their avoidance, silence or discomfort may inadvertently send a message of blame for the suicide. A bereavement support group for survivors of suicide can be very helpful in dealing with these mistaken perceptions. 20

Should physical or emotional suffering become unrelenting, seek help from a physician or from mental health services, ideally from someone who shares the same faith perspective. Thoughts of self-harm require immediate help from a physician or an emergency room. Sometimes short-term help is sufficient to bring one through the most difficult part of the crisis. Family or marital therapy may be helpful as well, if relationships have been damaged by blame or isolation. Unfortunately, there is no set timetable for grief, and each person has a unique timeline for the grieving process. Some survivors expect that the first anniversary of their loved one’s death will bring closure to their grief. Although this is a milestone, it seldom marks the end of mourning. If the first year is spent primarily in emotional numbness, the second year may bring increased pain. While a suicide is never entirely forgotten, time inevitably eases the intensity of the suffering, and allows the survivor to move forward in a healthy way. Gentle patience with one’s self, and with others who may be experiencing continuing difficulty, is essential. Eventually, the “good days” that some survivors have described as “vacations” from the grief will come. The memories of the loved one that were once dominated by the suicide will gradually give way to the memories of the fullness and goodness of the deceased loved one’s life.(to continue….) 21

Dear Fathers, Sisters, Catechists and Faithful, Greetings from Archbishop’s House, Imphal! This is to inform to all that there will be 11 (eleven) Deacons to be ordained to the Priesthood in the coming winter 2021-2022 from the Archdiocese of Imphal. Being aware of the uncertain situation we are in, Archbishop in consultation with the Curia members have decided that all the Deacons be ordained priests together in Imphal (St. Joseph Cathedral) on 19 December 2021. Only exceptional cases shall be granted the permission to have ordination in their respective village with the following conditions: • The local Church leaders must obtain permission from the concerned DC, • Ensure that COVID protocols are maintained properly • Parish priest/ parents and Church leaders of the Ordinandi must come and meet Archbishop to get the required permission. This year the number of delegates from the family members of each deacon is limited to 20 (twenty) persons only. Meal will be served after the Ordination Ceremony is over. Kindly stick to the permitted number. Fr. Solomon Thezii Chancellor, Archdiocese of Imphal 22

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THE EDITORIAL TEAM Rev. Fr. Solomon Thezii Rev. Fr. Mark IA Rev. Fr. Mark Kumshang Chief Editor Co-Editor Co-Editor The Catholic Manipur” a Monthly News Bulletin for the Archdiocese of Imphal will continue to updates and serves the events of the Archdiocese through soft copy, until the situation comes to normalcy. The editorial board is ever grateful to our Archbishop Most Rev. Dominic for his constant support and encouragement through his regular Shepherd’s voice. The editorial team is ever grateful to all the contributors, sincere thanks to Rev. (Dr.) (Fr. Avince Anthony Dilbung, for summarizing his thesis, the main article for this month’s issue), contributors for the Archdiocesan News Column, Youth Column, Women Column, Social Media Column and Catholic Questions and Answers. The Editorial team would like to request all the readers to update your Parish Activities through: a) Mail ID : [email protected]/[email protected] b) Whatsapp: 9612830718/9612448829/7005071200 24

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