EPM Assignment 1

July 27th, 2016 Elements of Project ManagementAssignment No 1 Aditya Ghate, T.Y. B.Tech Production 141040017

Q.1. Define Production Engineering. Explain the role of a ProductionEngineer in the Organization. Production Engineering is the branch of engineering that combinesproduct manufacturing and managing all the projects associated with it. Itinvolves the design, implementation, management, development, operation,maintenance and control of all the processes in the manufacture of the product. It involves research and planning of the qualities required in the productand various operations associated that range from selecting the raw material andapplying various processes to transform it into a finished product by adding somevalue to it.Role of a Production Engineer:  A Production Engineer supervises all the manufacturing processes at the organization.  Production Engineer decides the costing of the product and accordingly plans the budget required to manufacture the product. He also tries to use effect methods of production so that the cost associated with the product can be significantly reduced.  Production Engineer also makes sure that the product manufactured satisfies all the requirements of the consumer. He makes sure that the product conforms to the quality standards. In order to do this, quality checks and inspections are performed from time to time.  Production Engineer also tries to add extra features to the product in order to improve customer satisfaction and/or safety.  A Production Engineer is also supposed to be an efficient Project manager. He initiates various projects associated with the manufacturing of the product and makes sure that the target of the project is reached with optimum utilization of the resources at hand along with minimum wastage and cost reduction.

Q.2. Define Industrial Engineering. Explain the role of an Industrial Engineer in the Organization. Industrial Engineering is concerned with design, improvement and installation of integrated system of people, material, information, equipment and energy. It draws upon specialised knowledge and skill in mathematical, physical and social sciences together with principles and methods of engineering analysis and design to specify, predict and evaluate the results to be obtained from such system. Role of an Industrial Engineer: An Industrial Engineer analyses all the processes related to people, machinery and manufacturing method to find non-conformabilities and minimise them. To perform risk analysis of various project options and outcomes. To determine methods and procedures for production, distribution and maintenance of the product/service. Develop long range planning models, typically 5-10 years in scope. To interact with clients about product specifications, vendors about purchases, management personnel about project management and staff about various projects under completion. Find ways to reduce waste and improve performance. Develop management control systems to make the financial planning and cost management more effective. Figure out how to manufacture parts or products or deliver services with maximum efficiency. To breakdown a task into a number of modules and distribute them among the people for efficient working of the project.

Q.3. Compare Manufacturing Industry with Service Industry. Manufacturing Industry Service Industry In Manufacturing Industry there is the  In Service Industry the provision of production of merchandise for use or services or the intangible products to sale using labor and machines, tools, businesses as well as retail consumers is chemical and biological processing, or done. formulation.  The initial investment in the service The initial investment in the industry is low and can sometimes be manufacturing industry is very high and started with zero investment. can reach upto millions of dollars.  To provide service to the large Earlier labor workforce in this industry population with high efficiency, large was big but now with the advent of no of workforce is employed in this automation the labor in low when industry. compared with the service industry.  This industry’s products are abstract The products manufactured in this and are made for the instantaneous industry are made to last long and use. It is constantly in used and hence generally these products can be stored the life is instantaneous. for future used.  Nearly half of the service industries Since the industry produce physical don’t require to be physically present products, it needs to have a physical everywhere as their products are presence for the production of products intangible. And the other half doesn’t and as well to stock those. require space to stock any of their products. Generally, the products manufactured by this industry are standardized  Nearly most of their products are products and does not change with customizable according to the needs of every customer. the customer. And changes with new customer. Here the environment in which the product is been manufactured is given  Here the environment in which the much importance as it affects the product is been presented to customer product and the productivity. is given much importance as it affects the selling of the product. For Example: Automobile, Textile, Cement, FMCG, etc.  For Example: Bank, Hotel, Transport, Insurance, etc.

Q.4. What do you understand by the term “Project” & “ProjectManagement “? Explain the role of a Project Manager. A project is a temporary activity that comes about to produce aproduct, service or a result to meet the expectations of the people or theorganization. The temporary nature of projects indicates a definite beginning andend. The end is reached when its objectives are achieved or when the project isterminated because its objectives will not or cannot be met, or the need of theproject or its outcomes is no longer exists. Most projects are undertaken tocreate a long lasting outcome. Projects can also have social, economic andenvironmental impacts that far outlast the project themselves. Example of a Project: 1. Construction of a Dam. 2. Rehabilitation of flood-prone areas.Project Management: Project Management is the proper application of one’s skills,knowledge and techniques to execute projects effectively and efficiently.Generally, Project Management is concerned not only with the proper utilizationof the resources at hand, but also managing the people effectively so that highquality work can be done within a minimum time frame.Role of a Project Manager:  The project manager is responsible for making sure that the project objectives are met within a given time frame.  Generally, in a project, the beginning and the end are fixed, but the path to be chosen rests entirely in the hands of the project manager. It is his/her responsibility that the project pathway is proper and optimum.  The project manager should have good leadership, time management, people management and communication skills so that he can manage his team effectively and bring out effective co-ordination between them.

Q.5. With the help of a suitable example, explain the technique of WorkBreakdown System(WBS).  Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) The level at which a piece of work within a project is broken down for programming, cost planning, monitoring and control purposes, to be performed by a specific person.  Work Package A group of related tasks that are defined at the same level within a work breakdown structure.  It is a hierarchical breakdown of the work necessary to complete the project.  WBS is generally presented in an easy to navigate form.  It may include the involvement of a task directory.WBS concepts generally consist of the following:  Selecting a suitable category (work, product or other relevant structure) which is not constrained by sequence.  The final outcome is a product/service which is definable or measureable.  The lowest level indicates work packages, which can be used for estimates, schedule monitoring and control.  It involves the participation of the entire Project team.Example of WBS: Building a Website Building a website involves many processes which, if distributed properly,may be effective in completing the jib in time. The processes mainly can becategorised as: 1. Webpage design aesthetics. 2. Coding a webpage.

3. Integrating data onto the webpage. 4. Creating a server to host the webpage. 5. Securing the webpage against hackers and malware. 6. Initial testing of the website. 7. Quality check. 8. Releasing the page to the public.Now, if each of these tasks is distributed among the team in the chronologicalorder, all the processes mentioned above in building the webpage would beeffectively distributed among the team members which would lead tocompletion of the project wee-ahead of its time.Q.6. Explain the role of project management in national development. Project management involves effective handling of the task at hand anddistributing it among the team members. It involves management of not only theresources at hand, but also the people working for the project. We have various examples of projects carried out successfully in India suchas: 1. Building of the Bhaba Atomic Research Centre. 2. Ganga Action Plan project 3. Eradicating Polio project 4. Abolishing alcohol and drugs And there are a lot more. Some of these projects have been going on for a lotof years. But completing a project to obtain good results takes time and cannotbe done overnight. Project Management comes handy while thinking about thestrategies and resources to be used while the fulfilment of the project. If effective Project Management is done, the results obtained from them willbe beneficial for the country as well as its people. Every task, no matter big orsmall, is a project. Even this assignment is an example of a project and the way itis completed or being completed is an example of project management.