Putri Nur Kholifah_201083_MTL B_E-book

TYPES OF CARGO Putri Nur Kholifah (201083) Marine Transportation Management

WHAT IS CARGO? Many items like toys, electronic goods, clothes, cars, furniture and food all come to a country from other countries by travelling on ships. These items and any others that are shipped are called cargo. Cargo comes in all shapes and sizes. Different types of cargo are given different names which are explained below.

TYPES OF CARGO 01 02 03 Container cargo Liquid bulk Dry bulk 04 05 06 Breakbulk Ro-ro General Cargo

-01- Container cargo

Container cargo Toys, televisions, DVDs, clothing, meat and computers; containers are the best way to transport these and many similar products. By efficiently loading the goods, they can be transported simultaneously in large quantities. One twenty foot container can hold the shopping of 300 trolleys! Or 3,000 game computers! Or 1,000,000 pencils! And the goods are well protected against the elements by the container's metal walls. The fixed size of the containers also has a major advantage. The standard sizes mean containers fit on sea-going vessels, lorries, inland barges and train wagons.

-02- Liquid bulk

Liquid bulk Crude oil, petrol, fuel oil, vegetable oils and even wine; all liquid products which are often transported on big tankers or through a pipeline to the next destination. For the refineries, crude oil is the raw material they need to produce new goods, such as fuel oil, petrol and kerosene.

-03- Dry bulk

Dry bulk Dry bulk refers to grain, coal, iron ore, cement, sugar, salt and sand. They are not packaged separately, but transported in large quantities in the hold of a ship, wagon or lorry.

-04- Breakbulk

Breakbulk Paper, wood, bags of cocoa, rolls of steel, parts of wind turbines; these are all products that can be transported in a container or simply put on a vessel. The name says it, it breaks easily. To be able to lift general cargo, it is often packaged on pallets, in crates or racks. A crane or forklift truck can easily load or discharge the goods.

-05- Ro-ro

Ro-ro Ro-ro refers to 'roll on / roll off'. This name explains how the cargo is discharged and loaded. This concerns cargo that can be driven which is only done by especially trained drivers. Ro-ro is used for cars, busses, trucks, agricultural vehicles and cranes. To transport as many of these vehicles in one go, enormous ro-ro vessels have been built. Some ro-ro vessels have enough room for more than 8,500 cars!

-06- General Cargo

General Cargo Contrary to mass or bulk goods, general cargo comprises materials of which the quantity is not registered per size or weight but per individual item. General cargo is transported in boxes, crates, drums or bales. Containers are actually also a form of general cargo. Examples of general cargo are cars, paper, kerbstone and machinery. Inland shipping is an ideal method of transporting general cargo as it often takes up a lot of space such as paper, which is pCaREcDkITeSd: Thinis perenseonrtamtioon tuemspblatae lweass corerateind bryoSllildses.go, including icons by Flaticon, and infographics & images by Freepik.

Putri Nur Kholifah ptrnr_kholifah Putri Nur Kholifah ptrnr_kholifah My work plan After graduating, I want to set up a ship agency company in one of the Indonesian ports.

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