Topic 7.3 Advance Development Techniques

Advance Development Techniques

Stages of Antivirals Development The development of antiviral therapeutics is a tedious and time-consuming process that traditionally involves the following stages: Generation Pre-Clinical Final of lead and Clinical registration compounds studies and Screening of potential optimizations antiviral Target identification candidates

Conventional techniques: customary practices in antiviral development Cell Culture Biomarker analysis High-Pressure Liquid Enzyme-Linked Chromatography Immunosorbent Assay Study the effects of antivirals Biomarkers are molecular, (HPLC) on viral replication and host biological or physical (ELISA) cells, however, cannot be characteristics of an Used for screening of viral compared with results from inhibitors, detection of the Used to detect the presence living systems owing to the individual that indicate a of an antibody or an antigen absence of various autocrine specific, underlying proteolytic activity and determination of primary- in patient samples. and other conditioning physiologic state that can factors. indicate viral infections. inhibitory activity.

Current technologies: modern approaches Quantitative Computational structure–activity screening relationship (QSAR) Surface plasmon Complex, multi-stages resonance process that spans A process by which many scientific chemical structure is disciplines, including biology, chemistry, quantitatively correlated To analyze the interaction antiviral metabolism with biological activity or between antivirals and chemical reactivity, along target proteins. and clinical observation. with Computer Aided Drug Design (CADD). Fluorescence-based approaches Bio-chip arrays Molecular imaging Study host–viral A powerful technique for Used in understanding interactions and global characterizing biological the mechanism of processes in vivo using inhibitors in vivo. gene expressions. imaging probes.