Lebanon Master Plan Complete

8 | C-1b change in personnel and equipment. With the sophistication of emergency appara longer undertake major repair work on the transmissions, engines, pumps and hy8 | C-28 | C-2a The City of Lebanon has an ISO (Insurance Service Office) rating of 4 for areas s8 | C-2b for areas without hydrant service based on the capabilities of the City’s Fire Depa surance companies use the City’s ISO ratings to set fire insurance premiums with highest level and 10 indicating the lowest level of fire protection. The City’s rec highlighting deficiencies in several areas primarily related to the number of avai Police Department. The Lebanon Police Station is located on Poverty Lane. T as far as operations are concerned. The Police Department feels the building is ment’s needs. The Lebanon Police Department had 35 full-time sworn officers and 2 part-tim 2009. It maintains 24 hour-per-day dispatching with a communications staff of time people. Because of Lebanon’s role as a regional economic center, the police unrelated to residential uses and must be capable of meeting a wider range of non larger daytime population. The Lebanon Police Department continues its efforts as a community-based d person-to-person emphasis on crime prevention, drug and alcohol education, Department’s efforts are especially targeted to young people, including the “St gram, in which the police maintain a presence in the City’s schools. This approac between police and residents, resulting in a greater feeling of safety and sense of Electric Utilities & Telecommunications Electric Service. National Grid, formerly Granite State Electric, provides electric non. In 1998, National Grid opened up to electric competition, but to date there h Three-phase power is available at the City’s industrial and commercial centers made available to any new areas once the demand is established. The running o fee charged to the new user. National Grid currently offers conservation incentiv commercial/ industrial customers. Local Power Generation. The Wilder Dam, at maximum capacity, can generate 41 megawatts. The dam’s current license expires in 2018; re-license procedures a ing the process of re-licensing the dam there is opportunity for the public to com benefit to the community to offset the dam impacts. In addition to the Wilder Da Mascoma River producing power. The Rivermill Hydro Dam owned by Riverm Glen Road Dam owned by Enel North America Inc. The potential for expanding the region’s hydropower capacity is limited because tally and economically feasible sites have already been developed or licensed.City of Lebanon Master Plan Adopted March 26, 2012

atus, on-duty personnel can no wilder dam ydraulic systems.served by water hydrants and 9 artment and infrastructure. In- h a rating of 1 representing the cent ISO assessment included ilable personnel.The station is centrally locateds sufficient to meet the depart- me officers on the force as of f eight full-time and two part-e force provides many services n-resident demands for a much department, with a proactive, and community activity. The tudent Resource Officer” pro-ch leads to a greater familiarity f community. cal service in the City of Leba- have been few competitors. and major arteries and can beof new lines is performed for ave programs for residential ande 41,000 kilowatts of power or are likely to start in 2012. Dur-mment on what is desired for a am, there are two dams on themill Hydroelectric Inc. and the e the majority of environmen- The greatest potential for ad- community facilities and services | 8-3

8 | C-2c ditional hydropower 8 | C-2d nonproductive or un 8 | C-2e 8 | C-2f Communications. T sential to the public 8 | C-2g on an ongoing basis 8 | C-3 facilities to provide 8 | C-3a City government an sustainable economi Telephone Service. Cable Television. In of Lebanon is curren ing part in the region as it is another strate in providing transpa ness climate and also Wireless Communi of cell phone servic wireless communica technologies have ex continue to develop, service quality. The major planning communication towe port buildings. With the higher elevation supporting infrastruc ecological richness a Satellite. Satellite se the FCC, there doesn where it is expensive Water and Waste Water Source. The C ment plant approxim River’s confluence w Lebanon’s surface w miles and includes M8-4 | community facilities and services

r is likely to be found in improving generating efficiency at existing plants or in bringingnder-productive existing dams online. More study is needed to identify and evaluate options. The maintenance of a modern and accessible communications network is considered es-c welfare. Telecommunications technologies are rapidly changing, and must be evaluated s. Police and fire departments and emergency medical services all rely on communication essential services. Technology and telecommunications can also improve the functions ofnd the quality of its service to residents. Access to information is critical to maintaining a ic climate that keeps up with current technology and anticipates technological trends. . Fairpoint Communications provides land-line phone service in Lebanon. n New Hampshire, local municipalities can regulate the cable television industry. The City ntly working on negotiating a franchise agreement with Comcast as the sole provider. Tak- nal public access channel for local programming is an important consideration for the City, egy to help keep citizens better informed about City government and activities and helpingarency in government. High-speed internet access over cable lines would improve the busi- o provide cable users with video quality on the internet. ications Towers. During the 2000s, consumer adoption of cell phones and the extensionce from major cities to smaller markets and rural areas has resulted in the proliferation of ations infrastructure to meet growing demand for this rapidly evolving technology. Wireless xpanded beyond voice service, to internet, e-mail and streaming video. As wireless service , additional and/or upgraded infrastructure will be needed to expand capacity or improve issue in wireless communications technology today is the siting and construction of new ers and supporting network infrastructure including power lines, access corridors and sup-h the City of Lebanon’s hilly topography, towers and related facilities need to be located onn points in order to provide the broadest service area coverage. These structures and their cture can negatively impact mountaintops and ridge lines that are so important to the City’s and the scenic character of the rural areas of the City. ervices generally complement, rather than compete with, terrestrial services. According to n’t seem to be a trend towards satellites replacing towers, especially in urban areas. In areas e to run cable or put up facilities, satellites will better compete with terrestrial services. ewater Infrastructure City’s public water supply is the Mascoma River with the intake for the potable water treat- mately 3.5 miles below the outlet to Mascoma Lake and three miles above the Mascoma with the Connecticut River.water comes from the greater Mascoma River watershed, which encompasses 195 square Mascoma Lake, Goose Pond and Crystal Lake. Based on U.S. Geological Service data, the City of Lebanon Master Plan Adopted March 26, 2012

8 | C-3b usable capacity of these reservoirs is 7.93 billion gallons. The flow of the Mas8 | C-3c trolled by the dam at Mascoma Lake operated by the New Hampshire Departme (NHDES). Minimum water levels are being established to provide adequate habitat for aq water that the City of Lebanon withdraws from the river for its potable water supp feet per second. Given that the river’s typical summer day flow is 40 cubic feet supply for the City’s current and future potable water demand. A period of drou less water in the river and could, if sustained, lead to a water shortage and compe tiple uses. As such, a drought management policy should be developed. A 2001 study examined potential groundwater sources as a supplemental potabl supplemental water source would not only provide the City with a back up in source is contaminated, but additionally provide the groundwater source that demands, possibly reducing the need for expensive upgrades to the filtration pla ity. With the examination of potential glacial and bedrock aquifers as potable wa be only one well site within Lebanon that is potentially capable of producing on site is an aquifer adjacent to the eastern bank of the Connecticut River, just upst treatment facility. Although the site appears to have excellent potential to serve a tamination and the ability to pump water from this location to higher elevation a Water Source Protection. A protection program for the portion of the Masco watershed that drains directly to the plant intake has historically been identified In the event of the river being contaminated, the City could be temporarily wit potable water supply resources, such as reserves in tanks or improved interconn Hartford, are made available. The Department of Public Works currently enga close proximity to the source water intake but at a limited scope and scale as adm monitoring waiver granted by NHDES Drinking Water and Groundwater Bureau In 2011 with the support of a grant from the New Hampshire Department of Env per Valley Lake Sunapee Regional Planning Commission (UVLSPRC) began a the development of a source water protection program for the portion of the M directly to the outtake. The effort includes assessing the range of options for pr and regulatory measures, and includes the concept of risk analysis relative to d such as hazardous chemical spills from adjacent roadways. This initial effort wa 2011, providing recommendations for further advancement of the planning effor Water Treatment and Distribution. The City of Lebanon water distribution sys ■ Approximately 83 miles of water mains up to 16 inches in diameter. ■ 4 water storage tanks (Farnum Hill, Craft’s Hill, Prospect Hill, and at t DHMC). ■ 2 pumping stations. ■ 3 pressure reducing valve stations.City of Lebanon Master Plan Adopted March 26, 2012

scoma River is primarily con- ent of Environmental Services quatic species. The amount of ply is approximately 3.1 cubic per second, there is sufficient ught, however, would result in etition for water between mul- le water supply for the City. A the event the Mascoma River could potentially meet future ant to support increased capac- ater sources, there appeared to ne million gallons per day. The tream of the City’s wastewater as a well supply, potential con- areas of the City are concerns. oma River’s 195 square mile as a high priority for the City. thout water, unless alternative nections with Hanover and/or ages in protection measures in ministered through a chemical u. vironmental Services, the Up- assisting the City in initiatingMascoma watershed that drains rotection, including education direct contamination incidents, as intended to conclude in late rt. stem consists of: the end of Lahaye Drive near community facilities and services | 8-5

8 | C-3d ■ The plant intak ■ The water trea wastewater treatment facility8-6 | community facilities and services The system provides the service area be d two interconnections interconnections req tionally away from L The City’s water qua 2010 water data sho gallons) and approx water usage is split b The treatment plant’ a maximum daily d tion System projecte highlights that recen quickly as previousl The 2008 Facilities 2009 Water Busines projections for water Wastewater. Leban the neighboring Tow wastewater treatmen Connecticut River. A Plan in 2010, includ Lebanon’s wastewat Mascoma Rivers. It facility employs the per day. The average flow fro annual total of 617 the 2007 20-Year W million gallons per Lebanon, and would million gallons per d The physical infrast a needs assessment

ke and dam on the Mascoma River. atment facility located on Pumping Station Road. s service throughout Lebanon and West Lebanon. The City’s topography necessitates that divided into four separate zones to maintain desirable pressures. The system also includes s with the Town of Hanover and one interconnection with the Town of Hartford. All three quire manual operation in the case of an emergency and only allow water to flow due direc- Lebanon to the neighboring communities due to system hydraulic pressures unless pumped. ality generally meets or exceeds current regulatory standards. ow that City withdraws an average of 1.64 million gallons daily (maximum of 2.5 million ximately 600 million gallons annually to meet the demands of the system users. Potable between about 42% residential, 42% commercial, 13% industrial, and 3% municipal. ’s hydraulic capacity is estimated to be an average daily demand of 2.5 million gallons and demand of 3.5 million gallons. The 1998 Facilities Plan for the Lebanon Water Distribu- ed that demand would reach the plant’s capacity by 2026. The 2009 Water Business Plan nt water usage trends have changed, suggesting that the plant may not reach full capacity as ly estimated. Master Plan identified $1.5 million in capital projects for the water treatment facility. The ss plan highlights that the City does not have a current comprehensive plan that includes r infrastructure needs, and highlights the value of having such. non operates a wastewater treatment system that serves a portion of the City and parts of wn of Enfield. The area of Lebanon near the Town of Hanover is connected to Hanover’s nt system, which has a treatment plant located near the confluence of Mink Brook and the Approximately 17% of Lebanon’s wastewater went to the Hanover Wastewater Treatment ding the flows from DHMC and Centerra Business Park. ter treatment facility is located in West Lebanon near the confluence of the Connecticut and t provides secondary treatment and discharges into the Connecticut River. The treatment e conventional activated sludge process, and has a design capacity of 3.18 million gallons om Lebanon and Enfield during the 2000s was 1.86 million gallons per day. In 2010, the million gallons of treated wastewater represented an 8% decrease from 2009. Based onWastewater Treatment Facility Flow Projections report, wastewater flows will approach 2.5 day by 2030 if Hanover continues to accept wastewater from its current service area in d exceed 3.0 million gallons per day if Hanover does not. With its design capacity of 3.18 day, the treatment facility is expected to reach capacity sometime after 2026. tructure of the plant is currently 35 years old with a typical lifespan of 50 years. In 2007, was completed, which recommended a $11.2 million, multi-year wastewater treatment City of Lebanon Master Plan Adopted March 26, 2012

8 | C-4 facility improvement project intended to maintain existing capacity and permitt Implementation of the multi-year improvement project is expected to begin in 20 The wastewater treatment system also needs continued upgrades to its collection Year Wastewater Treatment Facility Flow Projections report found that nearly 4 treatment plant were a result of groundwater and stormwater entering into the sy into sanitary sewers through broken, cracked or improperly connected pipes. Sto connections of roof drains and sump pumps, and through combined sewer lines. public sewer lines in Lebanon, an estimated 27 miles are combined sewer line and stormwater flows. The City’s combined sewer lines create a major operating challenge for the wast periods of rainfall and snow melt when a lot of stormwater enters the wastewater bined sewer overflow outlets in the City that discharge untreated wastewater w exceed the plant’s capacity. Five of these outlets are in the Water Street/Church hood. The releases of raw sewage from the outlets in that area were identified as c degradation of water quality in the Connecticut River, Great Brook and the Masc wastewater was released 61 times from the combined sewer overflow outlets. In 2000, the EPA issued an administrative order requiring the City to separate se eliminate discharges containing sewage to surface waters. In 2009, the City and to the original mandate, modifying the original completion date of 2012, to a revis than 2020. From 2000 through 2011, the City appropriated more than $34 million $17 million is anticipated to be appropriated between 2012-2018, bringing the est the City’s stormwater and wastewater systems to $51 million. Solid Waste The City of Lebanon owns and operates a municipal solid waste landfill located Connecticut River in the southwestern area of the City. The site has been used f many years, first through the use of an unlined landfill, which operated through 19 lined landfill located on a 10-acre site. The landfill is available to area communit basis and is currently used by 23 communities, 12 in Vermont and 11 in New Ha cepted approximately 40,000 tons of waste in 2010. A recycling facility located ad a means to reduce the overall volume of solid waste in the waste stream and exte The active lined landfill consists of several discrete cells which are categorized upon current filling conditions, it is anticipated that existing cells will be filled the City submitted an application to the New Hampshire Department of Enviro Bureau for a proposed 4.82 acre expansion. The proposed expansion should ex about 12 years, reaching capacity in approximately 2027. Solid waste business plans have been prepared for the City in 2006 and 2011. the City with strategies to improve the landfill through design, construction andCity of Lebanon Master Plan Adopted March 26, 2012

ted flow as projected to 2030. 012 and be completed in 2014. n infrastructure. The 2007 20- 47% of the flows reaching the ystem. Groundwater infiltrates ormwater enters through direct . Of the estimated 58 miles of es that accept both wastewater tewater treatment plant during system. There are seven com-when the flows into the system Street/Spring Street neighbor- contributing significantly to the coma River. In 2008, untreated ewer and storm water lines and the EPA negotiated a revision sed completion date of no later n to this effort. Approximately timated total cost of separating d between Route 12A and the for disposal of solid waste for 992, and then from a permitted ties on an ongoing contractual ampshire. The City landfill ac- djacent to the landfill provides end the life of the landfill. by development phase. Based to capacity in 2015. In 2010,onmental Services Solid Waste xtend the life of the facility by . The business plans provided operation. Components of the community facilities and services | 8-7

lebanon public library 8 | C-5 plans included the p8-8 | community facilities and services 8 | C-5a recovery strategies, 8 | C-5b Civic Buildings & 8 | C-5c 8 | C-5d The City’s Public F disposition of city-o mission). City Hall/Opera Ho This two-story brick hall destroyed by fir structure within the The Opera House oc provement Corporat events at the Opera H The “old-style cons more challenging. N improvements, as w tionally, the size con construction. Public Works Facilit Located along Route ity Building constru contain an enclosed vehicles and equipm Lebanon Public Lib of Bank Street. The sources as well as ab tion. It is also listed Park Historic Distric vides a handicapped section of the buildin West Lebanon Kilto million from the esta new West Lebanon L the capital campaign considerable amoun December 2008, the

proposed purchase of equipment to assist in more efficient compaction, as well as methane and a cost/benefit analysis related to the long-term use of the facility. & PropertiesFacilities Committee advises the City Council and administration on the stewardship andowned buildings and land (excepting lands under the jurisdiction of the Conservation Com-ouse. City Hall is located in downtown Lebanon on North Park Street facing Colburn Park. k Neo-Federal structure with cupola was built in 1923, replacing the meetinghouse town re. Lebanon City Hall is listed in the National Register of Historic Places as a contributing Colburn Park Historic District. ccupies more than 70% of the square footage of City Hall. The Lebanon Opera House Im- tion holds a long-term lease for this space. Over 30,000 people attend performances or other House each year. struction” of the City Hall Building gives it character and charm, but makes renovations Numerous internal building upgrades have been completed, including energy efficiencywell as ADA-compliant changes including ramps and the installation of an elevator. Addi- nstraints of available space limit any future expansion, in the absence of additional add-on ty. The Department of Public Works utilizes several buildings for operations and storage. e 4, near the Water Treatment Plant, is the Mose E. Sanville Memorial Public Works Facil-ucted in 2010, as well as a working operations and maintenance garage space. The groundsd area for salt and sand storage, areas for construction materials storage, and parking forment.brary. The Lebanon Public Library is located on the east side of Colburn Park, on the corner brick structure, combining Greek details with forms borrowed from Roman and Egyptian bstracted designs, was constructed in 1909 with a Carnegie donation and public subscrip- in the National Register of Historic Places as a contributing structure within the Colburn ct. An addition nearly doubling the size of the building was constructed in 1986, and pro-d accessible entrance and an elevator serving all 4 floors of the library. The original Carnegie ng and the addition contain approximately 8,000 square feet. on Public Library. In 1998 the library system received a bequest of approximately $1.3 ates of James and Willena Kilton, to be used for capital improvements or construction of a Library. The Lebanon Public Libraries Foundation was formed in 2006, which spearheaded n to raise additional supporting funds for construction of the Kilton Public Library. After ant of fund-raising, the foundation requested that the City match the original Kilton gift. In e Lebanon City Council unanimously voted to match the Kilton legacy with a $1.5 million City of Lebanon Master Plan Adopted March 26, 2012

8 | C-5e contribution toward the project. The Kilton Public Library was opened in 20108 | C-6 Lebanon library building. Cemeteries. The Operations and Maintenance division of the Department of Pu maintaining City-owned cemeteries among various other responsibilities. The following cemeteries: ■ Old Pine Tree Cemetery, Old Pine Tree Cemetery Road, West Lebanon ■ Glenwood: Mt. Calvary Cemetery, Dulac Street, Lebanon ■ Valley/Sacred Heart Cemetery, Mascoma Street Extension, Lebanon ■ School St. Cemetery, School Street, Lebanon ■ West Lebanon Cemetery, Pleasant Street, West Lebanon ■ East Mascoma Cemetery, Route 4, East Lebanon ■ Cole Cemetery, Great Brook Road, Lebanon ■ Valley Cemetery Annex, Lebanon There are roughly 2,000 cemetery plots available, and this number should be s Planning should begin now to identify and assess potential future sites. The leve proved, as well as an overall community acknowledgement that cemeteries prima dead, and that collateral uses should not interfere with the respect due to these sa Lebanon School District The Lebanon School District operates completely independently from City gover meeting in March of each year. While construction projects proposed by the distr zoning and planning regulations, the district presents their plans formally to m review. The Lebanon School District has a comprehensive school system consisting of g cational program and an English Language Learner program. The district’s long the educational needs of a wide range of students in this very diverse community. the quality of land and physical facilities available to its educational programs. As recommended in the district’s long range plan, and approved by voters, a ne being constructed for grades 5-8. The location of the new middle school is along the existing Lebanon Junior High School. Recent consolidation of neighborhood scheduled September 2012 opening of the Lebanon Middle School, wil leave the and land that is slated for sale of the writing of this plan. Recreation fields owned and maintained by the Lebanon School District are ad supplement city-owned facilities through successful collaboration by the district Parks Department.City of Lebanon Master Plan Adopted March 26, 2012

and replaces the former West ublic Works is responsible for City owns and maintains the sufficient for the next decade.el of maintenance could be im- ary purpose is for burial of the acred places. rnment and has its own annualrict are exempt from municipalmunicipal boards for advisorygrades K-12, a vocational edu- range vision is to better serve . One goal is to raise over time ew middle school is currentlyg Route 4, nearly a mile east of d elementary schools, plus the district with surplus buildings dequate for present needs and and the City’s Recreation and community facilities and services | 8-9

key points | future challenges & opportunities 8|D Future Challen – As the City continues to grow, the demand for community 8 | D-1 facilities and services will increase. The City would benefit Demand for Serv from a well-planned vision that clearly delineates where utilities can extend. The establishment of an Urban Services As the service cente Boundary would permit the City to focus development in a Lebanon for public more concentrated area. This would reduce the capital and infrastructure will in operating costs of City water and sewer systems. operate, and maintai tion Chapter, the Cit – Ongoing monitoring of the condition of the emergency service mated to be 25,000— equipment and infrastructure, the efficiency of the delivery, Lebanon. This influx and the implementation of preventative strategies is needed municipal programs to ensure that emergency services are provided at a level inter-dependent pub commensurate with demand. The extent and adeq – Local planning for energy and telecommunications should come inadequate thr be aligned with regional and statewide efforts, as well as tations and demands informed or guided by efforts underway by the Lebanon To plan for future fa Energy Advisory Committee, which is currently engaged in the upgrades or improve preparation of an energy master plan. (CIP), which the Pla – The City has a long recognized need for a second water supply While the City needs to supplement the current water source, the Mascoma River, of service and contro in case of contamination or inadequate supply. The City also non’s utility infrastru needs a source water protection program to protect its water and sewer utilities, d supply. Efforts to conserve water would benefit both the City’s on the future growth water and wastewater treatment systems. access as factors affe should carefully con – The City needs to continue to operate the municipal landfill extensions must be a in a financially sustainable manner. Diverting waste from would benefit from a the landfill through recycling, re-use and composting will of an Urban Services extend the life of the landfill and may generate other revenue development in a mo streams for the landfill. help preserve the rur – As the City grows and expands its services, pressure for The City should wo additional employees and facilities will continue to increase. preserving the chara Additional administrative space in downtown Lebanon should Central Business Di be sought to meet those future needs. should remain in the nicipal services offer – Lebanon residents would be best served by collaborative both employees and efforts between the school administration and City administration as it relates to infrastructure and capital planning.8-10 | community facilities and services

nges & Opportunities vices er and employment hub of the Upper Valley, there is increasing pressure on the City of services and transportation infrastructure; as the City grows the demand for services and ncrease. Environmental, fiscal, political, and other factors challenge local capacity to build, in the types of facilities that residents and visitors want or need. As noted in the Introduc- ty of Lebanon’s resident population is 13,151 (Census 2010). The daytime population (esti-—35,000) is significantly increased by the numbers of non-residents who work and shop in x creates an additional burden on our City’s infrastructure and public services. Since most s are supported by tax revenue, the reality is that civic infrastructure and fiscal impact areblic policy issues. Each is driven by local land use choices. quacy of community facilities and services are far from static. Existing facilities may be- rough structural deterioration or functional obsolescence and/or the increased public expec- s that accompany residential and non-residential population growth and lifestyle changes.acility and service needs, existing facilities must be reviewed and assessed. The cost of any ements should continue to be incorporated into the City’s Capital Improvement Program anning Board is authorized to prepare (RSA 674:5). s to ensure that it is served by the best practical and obtainable utilities with sufficient level ols, for existing and future demands, the location of City services must be addressed. Leba- ucture has a major influence on land use patterns in the City. With the introduction of water development is able to occur at increased density or intensity, resulting in a major impact h and development of the City. Potable water and sewer services are second only to road ecting the type and pattern of land use development. For these reasons, the City of Lebanon nsider and establish a policy regarding line extensions. Currently, potable water and sewer approved by the City Council before the final application for subdivision review. The City a well-planned vision that clearly delineates where utilities can extend. The establishment s Boundary, beyond which utilities would not be expanded, would permit the City to focus ore concentrated area. This would reduce the capital and operating costs of the systems and ral character of the outlying areas.ork to direct development in the central districts, reducing utilities infrastructure costs andacter of the City’s outlying rural areas. In keeping with the issues identified in the Lebanon istrict and West Lebanon Central Business District chapters of this Master Plan, services e central Lebanon and West Lebanon downtown areas whenever possible. Centralized mu- r convenience, support commercial activity downtown, facilitate better communication for residents, and contribute to the vitality of Lebanon’s downtown areas. City of Lebanon Master Plan Adopted March 26, 2012

8 | D-2 Emergency Services8 | D-3 The provision of emergency services will continue to be a core or essential se8 | D-4 Lebanon. As such, measures should be implemented to continually assess the co vice equipment and infrastructure, the efficiency of the delivery, and the impleme gies. Assessments and proposed recommendations should take into account the sy pending development and the subsequent demand for services. Electric Utilities & Telecommunications Local planning for utilities and telecommunications should be aligned with re as well as informed or guided by efforts underway by the Lebanon Energy A currently engaged in the preparation of an energy master plan. The NH Climate New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services is an example of a regio guidance, and speaks to a “more diversified energy mix, more efficient use of en communities in ways that strengthen neighborhoods and urban centers, preserv Hampshire’s quality of life”. Common themes in these local and regional energy planning efforts include: ■ Maximize energy efficiency and renewable energy opportunities. ■ Support energy conservation strategies, local clean power generation, dis gies, and innovative industries. ■ Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and consumption of fossil fuels. A shift toward greater reliance on renewable resources, such as solar, wind, and have more control over their energy sources. In the not so distant future, importe petroleum products, will eventually and inevitably become scarce and more expe renewable resources would require lifestyle changes and would be capital intensiv be a sound long-term investment. Community energy and energy alternatives co tax incentives. Water & Wastewater Infrastructure Understanding potential barriers to the continued use of the Mascoma River as mental to the long-term provision of potable water the residents of Lebanon. A assess how water supply withdrawal limits that may be imposed by the state D Services relate to projected future use, as well as factors such as water rights tha electric dams. Additionally, existing plans recommend that the City continue to pursue alternat ply source(s) to provide redundancy, including whether the aquifer well site locat and Route 12A is a viable supplemental or alternative future source. The pre formal Inter-Municipal Agreement be executed between the City and the towns oCity of Lebanon Master Plan Adopted March 26, 2012

ervice provided by the City of ondition of the emergency ser- entation of preventative strate- ymbiotic relationship between egional and statewide efforts,Advisory Committee, which is e Action Plan, prepared by the onal effort, intended to provide nergy, and development of our ve rural areas, and retain New stributed generation technolo- lebanon police department Photo by: Douglas Albanese d wood, would allow users to ed forms of energy, especially ensive. Shifting towards these ve in the short term, but would ould be encouraged with local source water intake is funda- A water business plan should Department of Environmentalat may be vested by the hydro- te and/or additional water sup- ted near the Connecticut Riverevious recommendation that a of Hanover, NH and Hartford, community facilities and services | 8-11

8 | D-4a VT and additional h 8 | D-4b the adjacent commu demand. 8 | D-4c The response to an within an existing pl Emergency Operatio as to an emergency s Water Source Prote of a source water pr and scope of the ex stakeholders, such as mittee, the Conserva An aquifer protectio tection of Lebanon’s expanded to apply to Water Treatment & comprehensive mast ments and needs in a the distribution syst master plan be perfo of the plan, as well a to ten years. Elements that have b master plan or perha ■ Implementing reduce the ass forts, a potable long-term con withdrawal pe ■ An assessmen mendations fo are discussed i could be imple ■ Recommendat Wastewater Treatm of the Wastewater T ment and ability for8-12 | community facilities and services

hydraulic analysis be performed to further evaluate the engineering controls required forunities, would provide additional means to provide water to the City for present emergency emergency event such as the contamination of the Mascoma River should be provided lan. The existing Hazard Mitigation Plan developed by UVLSRPC, as well as the Lebanon ons Plan, provide general information related to the water supply but are absent of specifics supply. ection. The City would be well served to complete the development and implementation rotection program for the Mascoma River Watershed. This effort would expand the scale xisting efforts of the Department of Public Works, including potentially engaging more s the Mascoma Lake Association, the Intermunicipal Mascoma River Local Advisory Com- ation Commission, and substantially increasing awareness and protection of this resource. on overlay district as well as riverbank protection standards would set guidelines for pro- s surface and ground waters, and could be components of the source water plan as well as o the City in its entirety.& Distribution. The existing 2007 Water Business Plan recommends the development of a ter plan to integrate and project future water treatment and distribution system improve- a single document. The last water distribution master plan was performed in 1998, therefore tem master plan should be performed now and an update of the water treatment facilityormed in 2013. The design life/depreciation of existing infrastructure should be components as a review of projected demands. In general, the master plan should be updated every five been expressed as ideas in the past that should be included within a comprehensive water aps pursued in the immediate include:g a water conservation and efficiency program to minimize water system expenditures and sociated carbon footprint. The conservation program should include public education ef- e water audit to understand all sources of “lost” or “unbilled” water, and should recommend nservation measures, which would be required in order to apply for a large groundwater ermit.nt of whether the City may not meet anticipated future water quality regulations. Recom- or additional testing and processes that may allow the City to meet anticipated regulations in the water treatment plant recommendations section of the 2007 Water Business Plan, and emented as well as a status update provided in the comprehensive plan. tions as to the required on-going capital improvements to replace unsafe or inefficient lines.ment Facilities & Infrastructure. The two major factors driving the current projected lifeTreatment Plant include the condition of the plant itself, to include condition of the equip- the treatment process to meet or exceed NPDES permitting standards, as well as the total City of Lebanon Master Plan Adopted March 26, 2012

8 | D-5 amount of wastewater flow that the plant can accept. The planned completion of are designed to allow for the plant to operate out to year 2029, which coincides anticipated to reach the plant’s capacity for acceptance. A change in NPDES per reviewed every five years, and/or an unexpected increased in flows would alter th plant. Actively assessing and monitoring the plant’s ability to reach 2029 should includ ments, tracking projected flows, and oversight of the currently proposed plant u 2029 could include a fiscal analysis as to replacement costs, financing strategies, well as the additional factors typically involved in this process. In addition to the treatment plant, the condition of the utility lines and associated as part of the EPA administrative order requiring the City to develop a sewer maintenance and sewer overflow response plan. This effort is currently includ Improvement Plan and presents a valuable opportunity for gathering information planning endeavors. Identifying and upgrading sewer lines experiencing infiltra ment by alleviating the estimated 47% of flows that originate from infiltration, p of current treatment, and potentially capturing additional plant capacity for the fu While the City is under the EPA administrative order pertaining to sewer and sto continue to use that as the opportunity to not only improve aging or substandard but also improve bicycle and pedestrian amenities within the streetscape. Additi conservation program (low flow toilets, faucets, and shower heads) could be the capacity in the existing system. Solid Waste The current long term solid waste disposal goals for the City landfill as captured ness Plan include: ■ Continue to operate profitably as a limited regional landfill. ■ Provide on-site solid waste disposal capacity to the year 2050 and beyond. In order to meet the above goals, the City needs to continue to offer a competiti City to meet its financial obligations and implement strategies that will extend resource. The business plan provides an opportunity to capture both short and long term should remain a priority as to its implementation. Residents have historically exp provision of the landfill as a regional resource, as well as the intention to increas recycling efforts, including offering curbside recycling pick-up on a citywide ba number of items recycled by City residents. The business plan speaks to these anCity of Lebanon Master Plan Adopted March 26, 2012

f the treatment plant upgrades s with projected flows that are rmitting conditions, which are he current projected life of the de monitoring NPDES require- upgrades. Planning for beyond , scale of capacity increase, as d equipment will be evaluated collection system preventive ded within the City’s Capital n for system as well as general ation offers a return on invest- providing a savings in the cost uture. ormwater separation, it should d water and drainage systems, ionally, implementing a water e most economical way to gain in the 2011 Solid Waste Busi- . ive tipping fee that allows the the useful life of the existingm utilization of the landfill and pressed the desire to assess the se the currently under-utilized asis which would increase the nd many other related issues. community facilities and services | 8-13

8 | D-6 City Buildings & 8 | D-7 As the City grows a increase. There have side of City Hall, bu ized for the convenie the vitality of the do While the Departme to set up a civic com Lebanon School Residents of Lebano administration for in core, creates an oppo8-14 | community facilities and services

Properties and expands its services, pressure for additional employees and facilities will continue to e been numerous discussions regarding the potential relocation of various City services out- ut the general consensus has been that residents would like City services to remain central- ence of “one-stop shopping.” Keeping most services centralized also promotes and retainsowntown area and discourages sprawl in outlying City areas. ent of Public Works currently handles maintenance for City cemeteries, the City may wantmmittee to address maintenance, beautification, and promotion of City cemeteries. l District on would be best served by collaborative efforts between the school administration and City nfrastructure and capital planning. The current school consolidation effort within the urban ortunity for desirable planning for the reuse of the institutional buildings. City of Lebanon Master Plan Adopted March 26, 2012

8 | E Outcomes & StrategiesOUTCOME 1 Meet demand for community facilities and serv taxpayers.STRATEGIESDevelop a clear policy for water and sewer extensions, guided by goals for future land use.Ensure that new public facilities (and where possible, existing facilities) incorporate the followingprinciples, when appropriate: Central location (locally and regionally); good access and traffic flow;adequate parking; energy efficiency; handicapped access; multi-purpose buildings when possible.Ensure that Fire and Police Department resources are used for maximum benefit to the City, and makesound planning and budget decisions that will minimize unnecessary strain of department resources.Continue to explore strategies to improve recruitment and retention of police officers.Meet the community’s energy and telecommunications needs in an efficient manner while preservingthe character of the community.Ensure that the City is served by the best practical and obtainable utilities for existing and futuredemands.Direct development into the central districts as much as possible to reduce utilities infrastructure costsand preserve the character of the outlying rural areas.Continue to monitor state and federal regulations, industry trends, and developments to protect the bestinterests of the City and its residents.Encourage the exploration of supplemental energy-generating sources such as wind, water, and solarpower.Encourage the electric utilities to evaluate the generating efficiency of existing hydroelectric plants aswell as the feasibility of bringing existing plants online.Practice and promote cost-effective energy efficiency.Publicize and encourage energy conservation on the City website and in the City newsletter.Support the activities and recommendation of the Lebanon Energy Action Committee (LEAC).Bury utility lines, when feasible, for aesthetic, safety, reliability and economic reasons.Continue to participate in the regional public access channel.Promote “smart” development to decrease pressure on the City’s water and wastewater systems.Continue identifying significant threats to the City’s water supply.Establish a program to reduce water use and increase capacity.City of Lebanon Master Plan Adopted March 26, 2012

vices as the City continues to grow without unduly burdening ACTIONS Conduct an in-depth study of emergency services (police, fire, ambulance) to determine the impact of development in certain locations on the Police and Fire Department’s ability to respond adequately in emergencies. Assess all City-owned buildings periodically to determine needed repairs, upgrades, energy-efficiency improvements, and replacements, as well as the suitability of operational standards. Continue to evaluate and refine the impact fee structure for new development projects to provide adequate revenue to meet the infrastructure and service needs of the City. Conduct a response time study every five years to evaluate the current needs for additional fire stations and emergency vehicles in the City. Evaluate the personnel needs for emergency response and fire prevention operations and staff to maintain the effectiveness and efficiency of emergency response, fire inspection, and fire prevention efforts. Conduct a traffic study to evaluate traffic effects on emergency vehicle response, to include corrections to identified concerns by the Insurance Service Office. Develop community and school fire prevention programs and remove fire hazards in the City. Evaluate the demands that proposed development, its size, distance from population centers, and type will make upon police services in Lebanon, and consider those impacts in the development review and permitting process. Continue to include police equipment that meets capital improvement plan definitions in the City’s Capital Improvement Program. Develop an appropriate staff metric that considers the FBI New England average ratio of police officers to residents and the daytime population increases due to commercial, retail, and the commuting nature of Lebanon. Incorporate robust energy efficiency and conservation requirements into the City’s building code. Review energy use in all City government operations on an annual basis. Develop an energy conservation plan for City buildings and facilities. Establish a committee to address telecommunications needs with an emphasis on technologically advanced telecommunication links to enhance the City’s economic climate. Develop a long-range telecommunications plan to monitor trends and plan for future telecommunications needs. community facilities and services | 8-15

OUTCOME 1 Meet demand for community facilities and serv taxpayers.STRATEGIES Coordinate utility extensions with the Zoning Ordinance and the Master Plan through a duly adopted public policy. Monitor annually the success with which new development has harmonized with the City’s growth management, land use planning, and environmental goals, and adjust water and/or sewer extension policy or the parameters of the goals as necessary.Formulate a plan to conserve and maintain wastewater capacity.Make improvements in the solid waste system to improve the use of solid waste as a commodity andextend the life of landfills.Use all available recycling resources and make recycling more convenient so more people will recycle.Continue to implement methane recovery systems underway.Continue to support waste reduction technology where financially viable for example: crushing andusing waste construction material instead of purchasing gravel for landfill maintenance projects.Utilize any media available to the City (i.e., public access TV channel) to educate the public aboutrecycling.Encourage private haulers to expand and better promote their curbside recycling services.Continue to lobby the State of New Hampshire to define “closure” in Lebanon as “intermediate.”Provide the best library services possible for the community.Continue to study the best use of space for library and community meetings.Increase storage and collection space for the libraries.Use cemeteries as a City asset.Promote the use of City cemeteries as civic and open spaces.8-16 | community facilities and services

vices as the City continues to grow without unduly burdening ACTIONS Develop and approve a telecommunications ordinance to enforce the appropriate siting and design of telecommunications towers. Develop, through the City’s Hazardous Materials Plan, a clear notification system to respond to any contamination of public water sources including but not limited to spills on roadways adjacent to surface waters. Incorporate a Water Department review of all proposed developments that may affect the City water supply. Prepare and adopt an Aquifer Protection Overlay District. Prepare an up to date water distribution system map identifying the information identified during the water distribution system inventory efforts. Add inventoried information to the City’s GIS system and continuously update as new developments are connected to the water distribution system. Complete a hydraulic modeling study to evaluate the capacity and feasibility of increased water and sewer lines. Conduct a test well program on the identified supplemental water supply source site. Finalize the hydraulic analysis of the water treatment plant. Conduct a water audit to determine “lost” and “unbilled” water sources. Establish an Urban Services Boundary, clearly keyed to the Zoning Map and the Land Use Map that includes high-density residential, commercial, and industrial zones, as well as potential identified growth areas, while excluding the rural zones. Study the potential cost and benefits of an aggressive water conservation program as an alternative strategy to interceptor replacement that could include approaches such as requiring low-flow toilets, showers, faucets in the new construction, and subsidizing retrofit in existing buildings, much like electric companies’ programs. Create a schedule for initiation of water conservation by comparing the plan for stormwater separation and the “optimal” capacity for future development. Draft and implement a clear water and sewer extension policy that will support the City’s growth management, land use and environmental goals as expressed in the Zoning Ordinance and the Master Plan. City of Lebanon Master Plan Adopted March 26, 2012

OUTCOME 1 Meet demand for community facilities and serv taxpayers.OUTCOME 2 Increase regional coordination and sharing of r services.STRATEGIES Coordinate utility work – including highway, water, sewer, and electric - as much as possible to minimize the costs of construction and impact on neighborhoods. Work with other communities in the Mascoma watershed to develop a watershed management plan to protect water quality and other resources in the watershed. Encourage schools, churches/religious organizations, chambers of commerce to lead the way in this educational process about recycling. Solicit assistance from local institutions, organizations, and businesses, i.e. recyclers, Dartmouth, Rotary, Boy Scouts, to educate the public about recycling.Continue to make use of inter-library loan and information retrieval to avoid excessive purchasing.Coordinate with the Lebanon School District SAU #88.Consider incorporating Lebanon School buildings in a coordinated schedule for completing all requiredinspections of City-owned buildings.City of Lebanon Master Plan Adopted March 26, 2012

vices as the City continues to grow without unduly burdening ACTIONS Develop educational programs to make all citizens aware of the social, ecological, and financial benefits of recycling. Provide an additional line item in solid waste budget for education and outreach initiatives. Conduct a cost-benefit analysis for a City curbside recycling program. Offer a financial incentive to residents and businesses to recycle. Begin the process of identifying and assessing potential future cemetery sites. Establish a civic committee to implement recommendations in the cemetery study, to better promote and maintain City cemeteries.resources in the provision of community facilities and ACTIONS Continue to participate in regional planning efforts since growth in neighboring communities has a significant impact on Lebanon’s community facilities and services. Review City and school district buildings no longer used for their original purpose for potential future uses or disposal. Study the ability of the water system interconnections between Lebanon and Hanover as well as Lebanon and Hartford, to allow for sharing of water resources under emergency or other conditions. Develop inter-municipal operating procedures to allow for utilization of the interconnections. Work with the school district in developing a course on recycling as part of the curriculum at all levels. Hold joint School Board and City Council Meetings regularly to coordinate planning of capital expenditures in the City. Incorporate SAU #88 in the capital improvement program process. community facilities and services | 8-17

9| Transportation9|A Vision & Purpose9|B9 | B-1 The City of Lebanon’s transportation systems shall be balanced and integrated9 | B-1a resident’s quality of life, improve the attractiveness of our neighborhoods, and sup Transportation decisions shall be based on environmentally sound and health-pro9 | B-1b on reinforcing Lebanon’s residential neighborhoods, and shall be pedestrian and The City of Lebanon shall strive for a balanced and integrated multi-modal (th tor vehicle, air, rail, pedestrian, and bicycle transportation) transportation system increased use of transit, bicycle and pedestrian modes; supports compact, mix carbon footprints, and contributes to decreases in both traffic congestion and volu transportation issues with an eye to the prevention of future challenges, as well problems and support sustainable development. A transportation implementation plan is needed to attain this vision while coordi ments into other planning areas such as land use and economic development. Issues & Priorities Transportation and Land Use For both residential and non-residential development, promoting a more compac efficiently served by multi-modal transportation systems is a priority. Residential Development. The residential neighborhoods within Lebanon’s co developed and are located in proximity to the central business districts. These sparsely populated residential and agricultural/forest land. The scattered residen curred in those outlying areas - such as Hardy Hill, Sunset Rock, Stevens Road, ficient from a transportation standpoint due to its distance from commercial, civi development pattern is stretching the City’s services and infrastructure, in additio Scattered rural residential development cannot be efficiently served by public tr most residents to walk or bike to their destinations. Nonresidential Development. The commercial development that has occurred is expansive and linear, especially along Route 12A. The Route 12A commerci shoppers from a large market area, which makes congestion and traffic accident sive access points and turning conflicts along the main thoroughfare and throug collisions. This adds costs to the community in terms of staff time for police, fire congestion, and damage to personal property. Route 120, from downtown Leban periencing similar challenges as it develops, and efforts are needed now to avert tCity of Lebanon Master Plan Adopted March 26, 2012

to improve mobility, enhance key points | vision & purpose pport planned regional growth. – Support regional growth and improve mobility, quality of life omoting principles, shall focusd bicycle friendly. and neighborhood character through provision of a balanced,he combination of transit, mo- integrated multi-modal transportation system. m that provides incentives for – Promote compact, mixed-use development that will increase xed-use development; reduces the efficiency of the City’s transportation network. umes. The City shall approach – Reduce the City’s carbon footprint, decrease traffic congestion and promote healthier lifestyles by increasing transit use, as seeking to remedy existing walking and bicycling. inating and integrating its ele- key points | issues & priorities – Promote a more compact land use pattern that can be ct land use pattern that can be efficiently served by a multi-modal transportation system.ore areas are relatively densely – Coordinate transportation and economic development to core areas are surrounded by provide those living and/or working in the City access to viable ntial development that has oc- transportation choices. , and Poverty Lane - is not ef- – Establish and protect the City’s green infrastructure including ic and employment areas. This trails, greenways and riparian corridors that serve as non-on to the transportation system. motorized transportation connections. ransit and is too spread out for – Promote active living, biking and walking as part of the daily routine, which provides dramatic improvements in publicd in Lebanon in recent decades health. ial district is a destination for ts a particular concern. Exces- transportation | 9-1ghout parking areas exacerbate and ambulance service, traffic non to Hanover, is already ex- the creation of the traffic prob-

key points | existing conditions & trends 9 | B-2 lems evident along R – Lebanon’s location at the intersection of the region’s major allowing people to s transportation routes contributes greatly to the City’s 9 | B-3 economic vitality and quality of life. 9 | B-4 Transportation a – Traffic volumes and congestion have increased on major 9|C highways in the City, while Lebanon’s rural roads retain much 9 | C-1 Sustainable econom of their scenic character. transportation plan t – Bridges are essential to the City’s transportation network and shorter length of util the regional economy, but are vulnerable to damage from quality of life are als storms or other disasters, as well as to degradation due to age varied living styles a and limited maintenance. abound when the co – There is a network of sidewalks that allows residents to have affordable acc walk within Lebanon’s two core areas, but there is limited nomic development connectivity between them, as well as very limited or choices for their jou inadequate facilities within other major transportation corridors for pedestrians and bicyclists. Transportation a – Advance Transit provides regular scheduled service in the City and region, and is primarily structured to serve employees and The connection betw shoppers with destinations in the Lebanon-Hanover-Hartford frastructure includes employment center. for non-motorized m – A short segment of rail line within the City has recently been built-up areas. Adva reactivated for commercial freight traffic, while the remainder for air pollution con of the corridor provides valuable recreation and bike/ pedestrian infrastructure as the Northern Rail Trail. Transportation a – The City of Lebanon owns and operates an airport for general and commercial aviation with service to selected major cities Active living has co in the Northeast. ments in public heal – The core area of downtown Lebanon is well served by parking life, people tend to c facilities designed around the existing pedestrian-oriented village center, while additional parking is needed for the West Existing Cond Lebanon Central Business District. – Coordinated efforts by the region’s employers, local Transportation N government, public entities and non-profits continue to lessen travel demand rather than create additional infrastructure to The intersection of I support more single occupant vehicles. able geography of th and NH Routes 12A9-2 | transportation traffic flow to the em White River rail corr greatly to Lebanon’s traffic and congestio City and region in re

Route 12A. A more compact, mixed-use development pattern would be less auto-dependent, safely walk or bike between destinations and increasing the efficiency of public transit. and Economic Developmentmic development can be facilitated, supported and coordinated by a well-executed, balanced that reduces the resources required for businesses to succeed (e.g. less required parking, lity infrastructure and more users per increment defraying cost, etc.). Creative economy and so supported by effective coordination of transportation and economy through facilitating and enabling viable choices for travel. Quality and diversity of employment opportunities ost to access places of work diminish to a point where those with economic challenges can cess to workplaces and shopping. More effective coordination of transportation and eco- is needed to provide those living and/or working in the City access to viable transportation urney between home and work and to other destinations in the City and region. and the Environment ween transportation and the environment is often known as “green infrastructure”. Green in- s trails, greenways, and riparian corridors that can constitute key transportation connections modes in less built-up areas and a means of bringing more of the natural environment into antages go beyond transportation; green infrastructure corridors can provide great benefits ntrol and stormwater management. and Health ome to mean biking and walking as part of the daily routine which has dramatic improve- lth. By having more pleasant and more convenient ways to walk and bike as a part of daily choose walking and biking in greater numbers.ditions & Trends Network Interstates 89 and 91 in nearby White River Junction, Vermont and the unique and desir- he Upper Valley create conditions for an ideal transportation network. US Routes 4 and 5 A, 10 and 120 further improve the City’s accessibility from surrounding towns, facilitating mployment centers of Hartford, Lebanon and Hanover. Lebanon’s Airport, the Concord- ridor, and transit service all diversify the transportation system. This system has contributed s and the Upper Valley’s economic vitality and quality of life. At the same time, growth in on has been one of the major by-products of the economic expansion experienced in the ecent decades. City of Lebanon Master Plan Adopted March 26, 2012

Increasingly, the de-centralized nature of the housing market has contributed to Valley workers. This dispersed residential pattern is difficult for transit or ride like most rural areas, there is a heavy reliance on automobile use. This regional impacts upon the highways and bridges in the City of Lebanon, travel time for environment, the safety and character of neighborhoods, and the cost of municip9 | C-2 Roads9 | C-2a9 | C-2b Inventory. The state maintained highway system consists of four classes: Clas Class II, the secondary state system; Class III, State recreational roads; and Cla9 | C-2c The municipally maintained highway system consists of three classes: Class IV ways; Class V, town or City roads and streets; and Class VI, all other public wa gates and bars. Roads and Land Use. Streets and roads serve many functions. First, they act a people, either walking, biking, in transit or in cars. They also serve as corridors agement and urban green areas with tree shading and landscaping. They are al interaction between neighbors. They facilitate access to buildings and different l municate with travelers, telling them that they are in a special place and how they there with signage and landscape cues. Roadway improvement projects, zoning vidual subdivision, zoning, site plan, driveway permit and building permit appli so that roads remain appropriate to the abutting properties and compatible with ad also be taken when laying out new roads so that the new infrastructure fits the inte Traffic Safety and Congestion. Traffic volumes have greatly increased on the and can be expected to continue to grow along with the Upper Valley’s continu congestion at certain key locations, particularly Route 120 commuter traffic and is not likely to improve substantially without a more comprehensive investigat network-wide improvements. Traffic congestion is a problem along many of the major highways throughout Route 120 and Route 4. Congestion on Route 12A, for instance, has impacts tha pers, including reduced mobility and increased emergency response times for res When traffic congestion reaches a saturation point, usually during peak hours, mo often through residential neighborhoods, and/or become less safety conscious. Co problem of through-traffic trucking on local roads. As a result of the weight limit many heavy trucks come through downtown West Lebanon. Speeding can also arise from road facilities that are not designed appropriately f residential neighborhoods are typical examples of this. When access is too clutt this can also lead to safety problems and accidents, as witnessed on Route 12A. Redundancy (the availability of multiple routes for travel from point A to point gestion and to provide improved access to major destinations such as DartmouthCity of Lebanon Master Plan Adopted March 26, 2012

o longer commutes for Upper Road Class Miles e-share to serve effectively, so Interstate 23.6 State Maintained 19.9 land use pattern has dramatic City Access - Public Works Road 5.3 commuters, the quality of the State Road - City Maintained 8.4 pal services. Private Business Access 6.7 Class V 86.0 ss I, the primary state system; Class VI (non-maintained) 9.0 ass IIIa, boating access roads. Private Road 12.0V, urban compact section high- ays including roads subject to lebanon road mileage by class as corridors for conveyance of for utilities, stormwater man- lso public spaces encouraging land uses. They can also com- y are expected to behave while g district boundaries, and indi- ications, should be undertaken djacent land uses. Care should ended land use and vice versa. e major highways in Lebanon ued economic growth. Traffic d Route 12A shopping traffic, tion of managing demand and the City, such as Route 12A, at go beyond delays for shop- sidents of Plainfield. otorists seek alternative routes, ongestion also exacerbates the ts on Interstate 91 in Vermont, for the context. Wide roads in tered and speeds are too high, B) is desirable to reduce con- h Hitchcock Medical Center. transportation | 9-3

old pine tree cemetery road 9 | C-2d Scenic Roads and R 9 | C-3 9 | C-4 ■ Stevens Road ■ Eastman Hill ( ■ Poverty Lane, ■ Old Pine Tree Preserving the histor gently curving desig pleasing environmen of the visual charact impacts through the residents. As with ot the character of a co Bridges Bridges are essentia that network and oft structures are in vari The location of brid of the community if four state-owned an Transportation’s Red conditions, weight re In the bi-state Uppe between the Lebanon hicle access. The reg of the City and its re into regular mainten Pedestrian and B A network of sidew nectivity between th corridors. The comp component of an ove portation system. The Northern Rail T from downtown Leb would be extremely9-4 | transportation

Rural Character. Lebanon has the following designated scenic roads: and Sunset Rock Road (1989) (1990) , Slayton Hill and Great Brook Road (1993) Cemetery Road (2003) ric nature of these roadways helps to sustain the rural feel of the community. The narrow, gns, stone walls, and surrounding vegetation evoke rural and historic character. A visually nt makes a significant contribution to a community’s overall quality of life. The erosion ter of a community can have not only psychological impacts, but also very real economic e loss of tourism and an inability to market the community to prospective businesses and ther environmental impacts, visual degradation can happen incrementally, slowly changing ommunity. al elements of the City’s transportation network; they often present the weakest link in ten are more complicated to build or maintain than other parts of the thoroughfare. Many ious states of disrepair, having greater exposure to the elements and greater cost to repair. dges within the floodway also presents a potential safety hazard as it may isolate portions f washed out in a flood event, and may severely limit emergency vehicle access. There are nd two city-owned bridges in Lebanon that appear on the New Hampshire Department of d List. Bridges on the Red List require interim inspections due to known deficiencies, poor estriction or type of construction. er Valley economy, the two Connecticut River crossings are essential to the City as links n and Hartford, VT employment centers and residential areas, as well as for emergency ve- gular maintenance of these structures is paramount for the safety and economic well being esidents. In addition, pedestrian and bicycle-related improvements need to be incorporated nance work and major alterations to the City’s bridges. Bicycle Facilitieswalks allows residents to walk within Lebanon’s two core areas, but there is limited con- hem, as well as very limited or inadequate facilities along the Route 12A and Route 120 pilation of a complete sidewalk inventory of the City has been undertaken, and will be a erall pedestrian/bikeway plan in accordance with the City’s pursuit of a multi-modal trans- Trail provides excellent recreational and transportation access for bicycles and pedestrians banon to Enfield and beyond. The extension of the Rail Trail to connect with West Lebanon beneficial for improved access for everyone, as well as making the Miracle Mile and West City of Lebanon Master Plan Adopted March 26, 2012

9 | C-5 Lebanon shopping districts accessible by bicycle, and should be actively pursued way Project aims to make this connection whether or not the railway can be used For cyclists, there are available five-foot or wider shoulders in numerous locatio ever, numerous inconsistencies exist and many areas have no shoulders at all, w safe continuous access throughout the City. In addition, many bridges, such as th Connecticut River between West Lebanon and White River Junction, are quite hazard for cyclists as they compete for access with cars and trucks. Other obstac grates and vertical curbs can pose a safety hazard to cyclists and limit accessib confident cyclists. The Lebanon Pedestrian and Bicyclist Advisory Committee (LPBAC) was crea make the City more walkable and bikable by facilitating, enhancing, and enc bicycle travel and connectivity among the related infrastructure. LPBAC has co master plan for pedestrian and bicycle facilities. The New Hampshire Departmen variety of resources supporting pedestrian/bike infrastructure, including managin ment funding program, which is geared towards bicycling and pedestrian improv The “Blueprint for Community Trails” (2007) report summarizes a vision for a trian-trail network with connections to the surrounding towns of Hanover, Enfi Based on a public workshop in March 2006, that vision will need coordination a context of the updated Lebanon Master Plan (2011), including review by related staff. Public Transit Advance Transit (AT) is the primary fixed-route transit provider in the Upper Va uled bus service to the core Lebanon/Hanover/White River Junction area in add wich, Wilder and Hartford. Additionally, AT provides shuttle service for Dartmou and Dartmouth College. Advance Transit works closely with communities, business and industry to develo options for Upper Valley residents and employees. AT primarily operates around the Upper Valley. However, many of the individuals that are transit-dependent income) are located further away from the core on the outer reaches of the ser economically difficult for the transit provider and logistically difficult for users on an already short supply of park and ride lots. There are other transportation providers or public-private partnerships operatin services are primarily for the elderly or disabled, as well as for linkages to area e Grafton County Senior Citizens Council and United Developmental Services door) service to the elderly and disabled in the Lebanon area. Stagecoach Tran similar service in neighboring Vermont communities and Community Transpor for Sullivan County.City of Lebanon Master Plan Adopted March 26, 2012

d. The Mascoma River Green- route 10 near sachem village, west lebanon d as a base.ons throughout Lebanon; how- which does not allow cyclists he US Route 4 Bridge over the narrow and pose a significant cles such as on-street drainage bility for anyone but the most ated in 1995 with a charge tocouraging safe pedestrian andompleted an interim report and nt of Transportation provides ang the Transportation Enhance- vements.a citywide bicycle- and pedes- field, Plainfield, and Hartford. and prioritization in the larger d City boards/committees and alley, providing regular sched-dition to Enfield, Canaan, Nor- uth Hitchcock Medical Center op and maintain transportation d the denser populated core of (elderly, disabled, and lower-rvice area. This makes services. It also increases the demand ng in the Upper Valley whose employers from other regions. provide para-transit (door-to- nsportation Services providesrtation Services does the same transportation | 9-5

downtown lebanon transit stop 9 | C-6 Rail 9 | C-7 9 | C-8 Lebanon is home to miles from the Conn Concord, NH railroa recreation and bike/p There is currently no passenger rail line, p connections between There is currently a Phase One of the st study. The next phas a portion of the corr Regional Rail Coalit Airport The City of Lebanon service to Boston an and hangars. A 2008 survey indic component of the air access to Dartmouth and institutions. “Fly Lebanon,” a pa merce, has been wo several factors have and population base; VT and restructuring Parking Parking is an essenti access of business es fering land uses, from The core area of dow pedestrian-oriented v in the downtown loc Business District, su attractive and efficie9-6 | transportation

o a portion of the former Boston and Maine freight rail line. Except for approximately 2 necticut River easterly, commercial freight traffic along this White River Junction, VT to ad line has not been active for more than 30 years. Part of this line now provides valuable pedestrian infrastructure as the Northern Rail Trail. o passenger rail service within the community although it is a future possibility. The nearest provided by Amtrak, runs through White River Junction, Vermont, providing north/south n St. Albans, Vermont and New London, Connecticut along the Central Vermont rail line.an investigation into the development of high-speed rail between Boston and Montreal. tudy is complete, and indicates that potential ridership is high enough to warrant further se will evaluate the costs and benefits of the service and may be of interest to Lebanon, asridor could be within the City. Additionally, Lebanon has recently joined the New England tion, an advocacy group for enhanced rail service in New England. n owns and operates an airport for general and commercial aviation with scheduled dailynd White Plains, New York. The facility includes an air traffic control tower, two runwayscated that general aviation, particularly corporate jet activity is the most critical economic rport. The airport accommodates regional and national corporate aviation needs, providingh Hitchcock Medical Center (DHMC) and Dartmouth College, as well as other businesses artnership between the City of Lebanon and the Greater Lebanon Area Chamber of Com-orking to promote incentives for increased passenger use of the airport. In recent years, challenged commercial air service to and from Lebanon, including the airport’s small size ; competition from larger airports with low-fare carriers in Manchester, NH and Burlington, g of the airline industry. ial component of transportation, but also of economic development as it contributes to the stablishments. However, the need for parking is often dependent upon the proximity of dif- m residential to commercial.wntown Lebanon is somewhat well served by parking facilities designed around the existing village center. In this area, people may park on the street or in lots located behind buildingscation and walk from one shop to another. A cluster of key services in the Lebanon Central uch as the post office and library, are located within very close proximity making this anent setting. These existing mixed-use areas should be encouraged, expanded and replicated City of Lebanon Master Plan Adopted March 26, 2012

9 | C-9 in other areas. The same is not true for West Lebanon. Here, while there is some enough for the visitors to the village.9|D9 | D-1 Transportation Demand Management The Upper Valley Transportation Management Association (UVTMA) is a curre public entities to lessen travel demand rather than create infrastructure to supp hicles. Transportation demand management (TDM) consists of a broad range of reduce and reshape demands on transportation infrastructure including employer parking management, commuter incentives, and bike and pedestrian improveme Upper Valley Ride-share (UVRS), provided by Advance Transit, maintains a dat pooling and offers an online ‘ride board’ to facilitate carpooling and ride shari and ride lots in Lebanon and few with excess capacity serving the job center. Pa facilitating inter-modal connections and supporting transit use. Large new lots Grantham and Enfield enable additional car- and van-pooling. Major employers a by developing satellite parking lots for employees and serving them with bus development of parking on valuable land. In 2009, federal funds totaling $500,000 were secured for exploration of an inter the Upper Valley. The concept included parking for several hundred vehicles, w buses and/or other forms of transportation to go to work and elsewhere, includin gion. Although the effort did not result in any infrastructure improvements, it hig exploring enhancements to transportation infrastructure within the region. Future Challenges & Opportunities Alternative Land Use and Traffic Approaches Traditionally, Lebanon has viewed its transportation system as consisting of a ro automobiles, with some alternative transportation facilities. The future challeng tions between key places in Lebanon as a web of interconnecting options that rein For people to choose alternative transportation over use of their automobiles, the to driving, such as the following: ■ Walking routes must be safe, direct, and attractive. ■ Homes must be close to workplaces and services. ■ Land uses and streetscapes must be human-scaled, balancing pedestrian a cess. ■ Public streets must support a balanced variety of uses, with the balance streets based on their function.City of Lebanon Master Plan Adopted March 26, 2012

e on-street parking, there is not ent initiative by employers and port more single occupant ve- strategies that are intended to r flextime and staggered shifts, ents. tabase of area commuters car- ing. There are no formal park ark and ride lots are integral in in fast growing areas such as are also exploring this concept services in order to limit the r-modal transit facility to servewhose drivers could then board ng destinations outside the re- ghlighted the need to continue oadway network emphasizing ge is to recognize the connec- nforce and sustain one another. ere must be viable alternatives amenities with automobile ac- e being different for different transportation | 9-7

key points | future challenges & opportunities 9 | D-2 ■ Transit service – Lebanon needs a safe, interconnected, multi-modal 9 | D-2a ■ Bicycle routes transportation network that links residential areas to ■ Ride-share opp commercial, educational, recreational and cultural centers. – There needs to be ongoing consideration and regional Development has be discussion concerning how to mitigate traffic congestion goal should be to cre within Lebanon’s main travel corridors. The City should take ing residential areas steps to protect and enhance the character of its scenic limiting roadway wi highway corridors. The network must b – The City should encourage and promote the development bicycles crossing hig of interconnected networks of sidewalks, bicycle routes tool to help ensure a and paths, and other recreational trails that facilitate better to share the right-of- transportation throughout the community. – The City should seek to make improvements to better support Future transportation mass transportation and should continue to advocate for stops, green infrastru expanded transit service within the region. ponents necessary to – The City should carefully weigh the potential economic, non. Examples of th environmental and quality of life benefits and costs that crossing the Connec restoring major rail lines through the region would have and storage facilities or e advocate for the community’s best interest with the railroad facilities. Stations an and state. loading and unloadin – Parking should be planned with consideration for the overall goal of encouraging a multi-modal transportation system. Roads – Lebanon needs more effective transportation management strategies, in addition to improved facilities, to reach its goals Traffic Congestion. of a better performing transportation system. 12A include raising widening of Route 19-8 | transportation Alternatives to impr which predated DHM I-91. This alternative ever, a connector on Business District or Access management portation modes are mixed-use developm to be thoughtful con the main travel corr improvements will n transportation system strict engineering or that supports all mod

e must be convenient, reliable, and timely. s must be safe and destinations must have convenient and secure parking for bicycles. portunities and incentives not to drive must be provided. een oriented to the use of automobiles at the expense of other transportation modes. The eate developments that include a safe and ample multi-modal transportation network link- to commercial, educational, recreational, and cultural centers. This network would include idening projects in favor of safe and attractive facilities for pedestrians, bicycles and transit.be complete for all mode paths; sidewalks that just end, bus stops in drainage ditches, and gh-speed thoroughfares are all examples of incomplete mode paths. Complete streets are a complete mode path in the network, creating a way for all modes that use the road segment -way safely and efficiently. n facilities that require consideration include inter-modal stations, rapid-transit stations and ucture, better gateways and transitions between changing corridor demands and other com-o complete trips. They may also entail different modes than those currently served by Leba-hese may include river travel and horse trails, as well as a connector to I-91 that includes cticut River by gondola, tram or monorail. Inter-modal stations may offer bike repair and easier means to put bikes on transit. They may offer ride-share, car-share or smart-carpool nd stops may promote more rapid transit by having dedicated lanes, at-level entry for quick ng, and easy transfers between routes and modes. . Current projects under construction by NHDOT to address traffic congestion along Route and lengthening of the Exit 20 bridge overpass to allow for more lanes underneath and the12A between Airport Road and the K-Mart plaza. rove access to DHMC were investigated in the 1988 Upper Valley Transportation Study, MC’s move to Lebanon. The study included a connector road from DHMC to Route 10 or e was projected at that time to significantly reduce traffic at existing river crossings. How-nly to Route 10 will more than likely not reduce traffic through the West Lebanon Central downtown Hanover. t, telecommuting, ride-sharing, flexible work schedules, transit and other alternative trans- all practices that can help mitigate traffic congestion. In addition, zoning that encouragesment can help reduce the distance of a commute or lunch-hour trips. There should continue nsideration and regional discussion concerning how to mitigate traffic congestion within ridors. Future decision-making relative to land use, site development, and infrastructure need to include new approaches to mitigate future traffic and its demands on the City’s m. It will be difficult to solve Lebanon’s future transportation issues in isolation or with road building solutions. It will require a well-planned and integrated transportation system des of transportation. City of Lebanon Master Plan Adopted March 26, 2012

9 | D-2b Scenic Roads and Gateways. Many of Lebanon’s highways are still scenic and sh9 | D-3 continue to support the City’s Scenic Roads Ordinance, and to encourage citizen and designating more local scenic roads. Care should be taken when the City wo walls and significant trees along these roads should be preserved. While balancin rural design can be challenging, it is important to design standards for scenic r safety nor local character. The City should begin to set design guidelines for the Scenic roads will also be protected by directing commercial and residential dev veloped areas. When development does occur along the City’s scenic corridors, it and screened so as to reduce its negative visual impact. Green buffers, conserv in harmony with the natural and historic features of the landscape, all contribut A flexible scenic corridors overlay district would help protect the City’s characte ment and land uses. The City should also help maintain the scenic appearance of its entry ways by c for those portions of entry corridors not already built up, at I-89 and Routes 120, 1 to help guide developments away from rural areas towards existing built-up are economies, in addition to maintaining scenic character. The City should strive more developed corridors, as well, by avoiding haphazard, unsightly, or inadequ protect and conform to the natural features of the area. Better gateways may add aesthetic value to Lebanon, but also could better commu and behavior to travelers. Similarly, better transitions between corridors may im and again communicate changes in travel behavior like speed changes (for all priority, e.g. from a bike boulevard to a pedestrian greenway (where both modes a ity). Green infrastructure can be enhanced with more trails and greenways and connections for travelers and enhancing Lebanon’s environment. Pedestrian and Bicycle Facilities There continues to be high public interest in the development of pedestrian and bi many practical reasons to prioritize concrete actions on improving these modes o tion plan, including aesthetic, environmental and public health benefits. As such, promote the development of interconnected networks of sidewalks, bicycle rout trails that facilitate better transportation throughout the community, especially to elderly and other populations who do not drive. This initiative is especially critic compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). Automobile-centered growth has generally resulted in diminished bicycle and transportation needs should be addressed in all roadway projects so that that at available throughout the community, such as complete streets.City of Lebanon Master Plan Adopted March 26, 2012

hould remain so. Effort should route 120 northward from exit 18 n input via petition identifying orks on scenic roads, and stone ng public safety concerns with roads that compromise neither visual landscape.velopment towards already de- t should be appropriately sitedvation design, and landscaping te to preserving scenic values. er from inappropriate develop- creating landscaping standards 10, 4 and 12A. Using gateways eas will benefit the downtown to improve the appearance of uate landscaping that does not unicate travel direction, routes mprove mode flow and safety modes) and changes in mode are allowed, but one has prior-d riparian ways adding both to icycle infrastructure, as well asof the City’s overall transporta- the City should encourage and tes and paths, and recreational o meet the needs of the young, cal to ensure that the City is in d pedestrian accessibility. All ttractive and safe facilities are transportation | 9-9

9 | D-4 Transit 9 | D-5 Ridership on all Adv 9 | D-6 however, such as a n 9 | D-7 are areas along the R 9 | D-7a service. A good loca with the Precision V Pedestrian connectio stops are often inhos Transit operations is development” in Le need to compete wit Likewise, isolated in the placement of par vehicular travel and Transit to address th Rail Many of the issues a the City should con through the region related to road main dential neighborhoo railroad. The City’s be significant and th Parking Parking shall be pla system. Needs of pe users as well as aesth Bike parking and sta provided at major de their range on transi Management St Access Managemen ways increase roadw minimize conflicting limiting overly abun9-10 | transportation

vance Transit (AT) routes has increased dramatically in recent years. Improved conditions, network of park-and-ride lots, would better support mass transportation. For example, there Route 120 corridor that do not have park-and-ride lots for commuters wishing to use bus ation for such lot could be at Exit 18 of I-89. A new transit route linking the Upper ValleyValley via Route 120 is also needed. ons between employers, residents, and bus stops are minimal throughout the area, and bus spitable, provide no shelter, and are not plowed in the winter. Financial support for Advance s not secure and may be limiting the expansion of service in several key areas. Linear “strip ebanon, such as that along Route 12A, is particularly difficult for transit to serve. Buses th other passenger vehicles for roadway space, causing delays and scheduling difficulties. ndustrial parks pose problems reaching and servicing employees. On a site-specific level, rking in front of buildings and other design factors contributes towards a heavy reliance ond is a disinvestment in transit service. The City should work in cooperation with Advancehese issues, as transit is a key element in the multi-modal approach. affecting rail transportation, both passenger and freight, are beyond local control. However, nsider the potential economic and environmental benefits that restoring major rail lines could encourage. For example, more rail use could alleviate road congestion and costs ntenance. On the other hand, the revival of rail transportation could negatively affect resi-ods that have grown accustomed to cleaner, quieter surroundings since the decline of the continued involvement in decisions about any rail line is critical, as the local impact willhere are many competing interests.anned with consideration for the overall goal of encouraging a multi-modal transportation edestrians, bicycles and transit should be balanced with the needs of individual automobile hetic considerations. ations also need to be provided if bike travel is to become truly viable. Facilities need to be estinations and bus stops to allow bicycles riders to access places on their bikes and extend it facilities. trategies nt. The solution to preserving investment in highways and improving safety is to not al- way capacity but to manage access. Access management uses a variety of techniques to g traffic movements and optimize roadway capacity and system efficiency. It involves ndant, poorly designed access points and driveways. Often access management can be City of Lebanon Master Plan Adopted March 26, 2012