Lebanon Master Plan Complete

OUTCOME 7 The City of Lebanon provides easy access to tra commerce to enhance quality of life, retain smaSTRATEGIESA The City shall explore ways to allow residents and visitors to reduce vehicle miles travelled throughout the City.B The City shall assess the current grounds care and landscaping practices within the City’s control and explore more sustainable methods with less reliance on fossil fuels.C The City shall explore ways to increase residents’ and businesses’ access to recycling and local foods.City of Lebanon Master Plan Adopted March 26, 2012Chapter Adopted May 29, 2012

ansportation systems and concentrates activities, amenities and all town charm, and increase energy savings. ACTIONS Establish park and ride facilities that connect to transit lines Assess feasibility of bicycle rental stations throughout the City, located near bicycle lane networks Develop sustainable methods for grounds care and landscaping Incorporate green infrastructure -such as street trees, buffers and parks- in road, neighborhood and commercial design, to diminish stormwater runoff, enhance soil capacity to absorb stormwater, enhance the aesthetic value of the landscape, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, reduce the need for traditional stormwater management techniques and reduce energy demands from the urban heat island effect Develop land use plans, policies, and regulations to encourage energy efficiency and renewable energy resources for renovation of existing structures and new construction Sustainably manage City-owned forest land to provide high-value locally produced wood products, improve recreational use, and wildlife habitats Promote locally produced foods and products Promote the Lebanon Farmer’s Market and encourage participation by local vendors Provide compost disposal at City facilities Designate locations for community gardens throughout the City Design edible and native plant based functional landscapes throughout the City Set up centrally located recycling drop off stations throughout the City that are walkable, visible and attractive Study the feasibility of ground-source-heat pumps in new and upgraded municipal buildings Encourage businesses to invest in renewable energy generation energy | 13-23

ADDENDUM For the Energy Chapter of the City of Lebanon Master Plan 2012 Adopted July 10, 2017Upon recommendation of the Lebanon Energy Advisory Committee and the Lebanon City Council, the Cityof Lebanon Planning Board adopts the following addendum to the Lebanon Master Plan:Whereas references to “natural gas” and “liquid natural gas” in two summary “key points” and four specificactions in Chapter 13 are not referenced or supported by the text of the “Vision & Purpose,” “Issues &Priorities,” “Existing Conditions & Trends,” “Overall Long-Term Goal,” or relevant “Outcomes &Strategies” of the Energy Chapter of the Master Plan;And whereas such references to the possible use or increased use of natural gas do not reflect and are notsupported by policies of the City of Lebanon;Therefore, the following references to “natural gas” and “liquid natural gas” should be considered void andof no effect as if they were stricken from the text of the Master Plan as shown below in strikethrough textand with a corresponding editorial adjustments shown in [brackets] below:Page 13-5 Bullet: Explore alternative energy sources such as hydropower along the Mascoma River,biomass heat and power for buildings, [and anaerobically generated] methane gas to energy, and liquidnatural gasPage 13-5 Bullet: Businesses and institutions within Lebanon are committed as well, for example KleenLaundry’s transition to liquid natural gas, and numerous large employers in Lebanon are enrolled in theSmart Commute workplace commuter trip reduction program.Page 13-9 Bullet: The City shall actively pursue opportunities to develop and purchase alternative energysources such as micro hydropower along the Mascoma and at the Water Treatment Plant, and liquid naturalgas and biomass for heating buildings.Page 13-18 Outcome 2 – Action 10: Research potential for possible public private/partnerships to developbiomass or liquid natural gas district heating and power plant projects in areas like business and industrialparks, downtown Lebanon, or downtown West LebanonPage 13-18 Outcome 2 – Action 11: Participate in regional discussions about opportunities for biomassheat/power and liquid natural gasPage 13-20 Outcome 4 – Action 2: Encourage the use of natural gas at local businesses (ex. Kleen Laundry)Page 13-20 Outcome 4 – Action 3: Encourage shared natural gas delivery with other municipalities andbusinesses

City of Lebanon, NH – Energy Chapter of the Master Plan, AppendixLebanon Energy Advisory CommitteeUpper Valley Lake Sunapee Regional Planning Commission & Vital Communities Table of Contents – AppendicesAppendix A – Public Forum Notes and Survey ResponsesAppendix B – New Hampshire Energy Technical Assistance Program reportAppendix C – Hydro study of Lebanon & Hydro potential mapAppendix D – Solar MapsAppendix E – Wind MapsAppendix F – Purchasing PolicyAppendix G – Energy Efficient Building CodesAppendix H – Property Tax Exemption for renewable energy projectsAppendix I – Streetlight Removal Plan

Appendix A Lebanon Energy Plan - Community Forum November 11, 2011, 7-9pm Key Points from the Forum & Survey Responses  City Staff, City Councilors and citizens agree that the City of Lebanon needs an Energy Plan to help guide actions and policies to shape a sustainable energy future. The Plan should both articulate a vision for Lebanon’s energy future, and recommend specific actions to help the City achieve that vision. All measures the City takes should save money while saving energy.  The City of Lebanon is already involved in a number of exciting, energy reducing projects. This Plan should take inventory of all these projects, leverage the good work that’s already being done, and use it to catalyse further actions.  The Lebanon Energy Advisory Committee and the Energy Plan project team should approach the Lebanon School District. There is great potential for collaboration with school, and the team should learn what the school is doing to address their energy needs.  Transportation and commuting patterns are a significant piece of the energy pie in Lebanon. The Energy Plan team should address transportation in the Energy Plan, but direct the issue toward City Staff while LEAC focuses on other areas.  Citizens are interested in exploring various tax exemptions and rebates for residential efficiency and renewable investment. The LEAC is waiting to see what the outcomes are from Hanover’s involvement in a PACE district before moving forward on that issue.  Citizens are interested in researching renewable energy development within the City’s control, addressing low-performing buildings, addressing the growing commuter traffic in the region, and setting viable goals that meet energy reduction and cost savings targets.  The Energy Plan project team and the LEAC should research what other comparable municipalities have done with renewable projects, financing energy work, etc, and present case studies to support recommendations throughout the plan.  The Energy Plan project team and the LEAC could establish a descriptive vision for the City, supported by one or a few concrete measurable goals for the City. They should consider whether LEAC works as an advocacy group, promoting awareness and designing educational campaigns, or whether LEAC works closely with the City to have a more ‘top-down’ approach to energy savings.

Lebanon Energy Plan Community Forum Detailed Minutes and Notes November 11, 2011, 7-9pmI. 7pm- Meeting called to order by Andy Ager, Lebanon Energy Advisory Committee ChairII. 7:05pm- Introduction to Forum by Karen Liot Hill, Lebanon City Councillor Karen talking points: Purpose of the forum: engage citizens, establish 10-year energy vision, prioritize actions for the LEAC Introduced LEAC & consultants, introductions around the room When mayor, Karen signed onto the Mayor’s Climate Action agreement. The LEAC was formed out of this agreement, to help the City reach the goals articulated in the Mayor’s Climate act. Karen stressed that energy issues are very important to the City, and noted that two other City Councillors were present at the meeting, as well as four City staffers. Karen discussed why the City needs an Energy Plan to help guide actions and policies. She sees the plan articulating a vision for Lebanon’s energy future and supplying guiding principles and goals for how the City can reach that vision, while saving energy and money. Lebanon has done a lot with energy already, like Lebanon’s Principles of Sustainability.III. 7:25- Presentation of Lebanon energy project inventory Look what LEAC’s accomplished: Andy Ager, chair of the LEAC, summarized the committee’s history and investment in this project. The LEAC was formed in 2007, after Karen signed onto the Mayor’s Climate Action Agreement. The charge of the LEAC is to advise the City Council on how to save taxpayer money by reducing energy use and costs, and bring greater awareness of energy issues to Lebanon citizens. The idea for an Energy Plan has been on the table for a long time. Other projects include working on streetlights, catalyzing the early steps of the landfill methane capturing project, and collaboration with Dartmouth’s Policy Resource center on a guiding document that articulates energy funding opportunities, and renewable opportunities to benefit towns and homeowners. Andy requests new volunteers to the LEAC! Barbara Hirai of the LEAC presented her work on the streetlight inventory. Streetlights represent about 10% of total energy costs; 2009 LEAC made a plan with the police department and public safety to authorize being able to turn off half residential streetlights; current mapping project to decide which lights can be turned off, then wait for public comments, then remove if possible; currently 80% of the existing map is correlated between GIS map and reality and the utility bills, thanks to Barbara’s hard work. It’s also worth pursuing more efficient lighting instead of just removing, like installing LEDs, sensors, dimmers, etc. Barbara requested help on the inventory project.

Questions: 1. Citizen: Make sure we consider light pollution, what about light dimmers, LEDs, andtiming. There are simple solar lights that activate switches and dimmers. Also consider completestreet design, work more with planning department on streetscapes.Q, citizen: Could we set up a neighbourhood committee to monitor these things?Q, citizen: Have you worked with National Grid? Very difficult, costs money to remove lights, notmuch control on distribution; says that National Grid is moving out of Lebanon and Liberty ? ismoving in; suggests brining in National Grid/ new Liberty group into discussion before movingforward – we currently only have control of city meters; also often more cost effective to put upmore efficient structures rather than remove poles, in some cases; also two LED lights w/midnight dimming feature on Taylor Street; City meters easier to manage because we don’t haveto deal with National Grid.Q, citizen: Nicole Corman jumps in to point out to say that we need to just know what we have,and Barbara has done great work with the inventory.Q, citizen: Suggest making a flow chart of how things work to get these projects done; flow chartto explain complexity of this project.a. Look what the City is already involved in George Murray, Director of the Lebanon Landfill, presented on the landfill’s progress on the methane capturing project. The Landfill has contracted with Carbon Harvest out of Williston, VT. They are currently in the permitting process which will take a while. Carbon Harvest has completed a very similar project in Brattleboro, VT. Carbon Harvest will capture waste methane gas from the landfill in a 1.6 megawatt internal combustion engine to make electricity. This electricity will be used across the street at Pike Industries and Carroll Concrete. This is a great public-private partnership within the City’s control. The long term goal of the Landfill is to install algae tanks, etc. Q, citizen, and George answers: There is a 20 year economic life to methane landfill pipeline projects. Andy notes that this is a zero cost project to the City- Carbon Harvest gets paid through energy savings and the City will get some back as well (ESCO). Clif Below notes that we’re using up a potent green house gas in the process. Mike Lavalla, Director of Public Works, discussed several energy projects the DPW is involved in. The new DPW admin building is LEED certified, although the official commissioning process takes a while. The new DPW garage has radiant heat and both buildings have new efficient lighting and windows. The WWTP has been in design for improvements for a while. There has been federal funding for a new lab building and some other process and mechanical improvements. The City has negotiated a new contract with Honeywell, to expand the municipal building monitoring program. At the DPW office, staff can view the temperatures and control the controls for municipal buildings, to regulate temperature, etc. The previous contract helped the City avoid $250k of energy costs, so it’s very worthwhile to pursue a new contract and expand the monitoring system. The DPW has an Anti-Idling policy for all equipment, although it’s not a heavy handed policy, it is anecdotally accepted by City staff. In the past few years, idling has been reigned in to a great degree, and the DPW has seen energy cost savings and improved air quality.

Q, citizen: Can we do an anti-idling policy for school buses?A: The City has no connection or control over what the schools do.Nicole says- maybe LEAC can broach the school on this policyBarbara says- student reps interested in this topic – their lights are on our bill!Joan Mc says- division between school’s buses and all things City and DPWAaron from Vital Communities discussed Lebanon’s endorsement and involvement in the SmartCommute transportation project. This project is a workplace trip reduction program endorsedby the City and in one year has saved $1.3 million dollars on fuel regionally, through an 8%reduction in the single ride by commuters along the Rte 120 corridor. The City of Lebanonparticipates as an employer. This project paid for the Upper Valley Loop Trail signage.Q, citizen: How efficient are Advanced Transit buses? AB says very, they have a hybrid bus, usevery efficient buses, reduced particulate from buses is proven; Gabe says that new buses arehybrid diesel, on par with natural gas driven vehicles; AB says state has modelling softwarethat’s not equipped to deal with how clean the AT fleet is!Karen notes that AT is one of the best rural transit systems in the country, and that we are on thecutting edge of many interesting energy projects. IV. 7:40- Break for refreshments and survey a. Emily distributed simple survey to public V. 7:45- Visioning Sessions – highlights below, see attached full session notes Session I: Mike McCrory moderated, Leah Koff note takerWhere should we establish as a goal for the city? We need to be more concrete about our goalsmoving forward; should we have a lighting ordinance and other top down approaches? Orneighbourhood association approach with LEAC acting as an advocacy group, leading byexample?; Look into a revolving loan fund, for businesses and residents to borrow money andpay back to fund; renewable energy tax breaks, while still attracting people to Lebanon; pick ourbattles and do what’s financially feasible; connect with the schools Session II: Megan Shannon moderated, Emily Neuman note takerDiscussed main interests and priorities to be renewable energy potential, hydro especially;Research case studies that have been successful in other places to support projects in Lebanon;transportation is a huge issue in Lebanon, how do people move through the City – discussedeven permeable pavement; Also touched on involving the commercial sector; Must engageschool systems Session III: Gabe Zoerheide moderated, Barbara Hirai note takerDiscussed how to get more efficient new residential buildings in town, tax breaks for efficientdevelopment and policy guidelines for new construction; tax policy for existing homes, like aPACE district, to encourage people to get renewables without added property taxes; wait to seehow PACE goes in Hanover; similarly, programs to incentivise businesses to do upgrades and getrenewable energy projects financedVI. 8:40- Report Back

Action items, timeline report by Megan Nicole Corman notes that February is a good time to present findings from the report, as it will be budget season. Andrew Gast-Bray mentioned that the timing of the project is also good because it will dovetail nicely with the release of the new Master Plan. There are many opportunities for synergy here, and to make this a living document! Megan reports on how to stay involved by visiting project website at www.vitalcommunities.org/energy, take the survey to provide input, and attend LEAC meetings on the first and third Thursdays during the project duration. Collect surveys and thank the group for attending the forum. VII. 9pm- AdjournCommunity Forum Group Discussion I: Led by Mike McCrory, Notes by Leah KoffQuestion posed: How is the city doing regarding energy issues?Response: There are a lot of lights on at Seminary Hill School right now at night. Next year, when itis vacant will those lights be kept on?Q: If talking about defining goals of city regarding nighttime power consumption, how should weproceed?Response: We need an ordinance to require the hospitals, plazas etc to decrease their powerconsumption together. There should be more RULES regarding light use.Response: 1. An ordinance Requires city resources to monitor2. There are different needs for different things (when and how light is used)There should be Neighbourhood Associations to define what sort of lighting is needed in varioussituations and this requires local effort.Karen Liot Hill: The city is moving in a Good direction! (doing audits, LEED bldgs, acquiring data).We could be more concrete about our goals for the future and raise the standards a little more (setmore sophisticated and specific goals). We can influence the Commercial sectors by demonstratingwith our (the city’s) smart energy.Question: Does the municipality lead by example or promote good practices?Response: LEAC could provide guidelines to businesses by for example, creating “The Friends ofLEAC” which would provide guidelines to educate employers in the city to save “x” amount ofenergy money. Have the employers pledge a portion or the entire amount saved to LEAC so theycan move forward.Take a more collaborative approach for the city!Questioner’s summary question: LEAC would have to be able to manage accounts for revolvingfunds? Response: LEAC should reach out to the local chamber of Commerce. For example, LEACwould have a speaker at a local Rotary club to teach about funds and grants available. LEAC shouldtake more of an ADVOCACY role.Response: Partnering with businesses and the city (TIF BID districts ?)—Organize withneighborhood clusters . For example, DHMC and Centerra could work as a district organizing goals.ie. Park sharing… save money and use revolving fund structure.Response: These are two separate entities: municipal and public entities (businesses etc) andprobably each has to be dealt with in a specific way.Comment: Population growth affects energy use. Turning off all lights in city needs to balanceattracting businesses and people to the city.Let’s look into state subsidies. We have new JR High in Lebanon. How can we attract people toLebanon? For example, installing renewable energy, and city government offering a slight taxreduction… over years this can compound future values.

Comment (from person who procures fuels and electricity for cities): Lebanon is a unique entity.We need to pick our battles. I suggest: start economically. Not including the schools is a mistake!There are businesses in town doing innovative things. Ie. Natural gas. Let’s connect withbusinesses. Dartmouth has big buying power. We should build district heat. GO with natural gasfor the region. Best payoff. Build it here. (currently: Evertt, MA closest supplier for natural gas).Community Forum Discussion II: Led by Megan Shannon, Notes by Emily NeumanQuestion: What priorities did people list on their surveys? Answers: “Behavior change” -- prioritizeit b/c it’s low cost; but, probably is difficult to change habits“Identify opportunities for renewable energy generation” – led to lengthy discussion of hydro sitesin Leb; some private sites were noted: Whitman building, Irving at Rivermill; dam abovePowerhouse Mall; geothermal was also noted.“Amend zoning” “Inventory all projects in Lebanon”“Cite examples of what other NH towns have done” (helpful for Planning and Zoning board)“Show relative magnitude of energy use by sector: Municipal, Commercial, Residential”“Transportation” – lengthy discussion of all the ways that transportation and its infrastructure tieinto energy use (permeable pavement and potential for fewer plow miles, road interconnections,streetlight timing, new development, tolls/transportation district, hybrid busses, light rail, bikelanes and sidewalks are important even if they don’t connect right away)“Controlling development” – impacts lighting levels, traffic patterns“Concentrate on things we can do within Lebanon” (that don’t require other towns doing somethingtoo) “Use the existing Sustainability Principles to prioritize opportunities identified in the EnergyPlanning process”“Look for funding outside of Bonds and other loans; seek grants”“Get school board involved in this Planning process“See what other cities/towns have set as goals and use those, especially local towns; don’t reinventthe wheel”Community Forum Discussion III: Led by Gabe Zoerheide, Notes by Barbara HiraiResidential: What can be done to make sure new construction is energy efficient? -Enforce NHstandards. State sets standards, but up to towns to enforce-Set higher City standards for new construction-Don’t increase assessed value on renewables on new constructions or retrofitting of existingbuildings. -PACE?? Consider?Municipal: -Require builders to provide info on energy use, similar to mpg for cars or Energy starratings on appliances. Who checks to make sure info is accurate?-Context matters-Even low light is better for security cameras than variable high light/ shadowyareas. -Education-More public workshops , tours, open houses, info on energy programsCommercial: -Incentives for energy efficiency- for example don’t increase taxes on buildings thatuse or add renewables. -Municipal Smart Start -Find and promote energy programs by NationalGrid , etc.Survey ResultsSee next page for full survey results.

Lebanon's Energy Priorities Summary Prepared on 11/16/11 This report s ummarizes 29 of 29 total res pons es .Summary for the res ults with the following res trictions :Response Filters Invitation Type: all Status : all Alerts : Email Contains : Lebanon's Energy Priorities1. The LEAC is reviewing actions to promote energy efficiency for City buildings and vehicles. What is youropinion on how such actions are taken regarding cost? 69.5% Energy efficiency improvements s hould s ave money, not cos t money. (16) 30.4% Improved energy efficiency s hould be implemented regardles s of initial cos t or potential future s avings . (7)2. Please rank the following energy topics in order ofimportanc to be addressed in the Energy Action Plan (1most important, 6 least important):Municipal building 1 2 3 4 5 6energy efficiency 24.0 % 24.0 % 16.0 % 16.0 % 12.0 % 8.0 % 40.0 % 16.0 % 12.0 % 20.0 % 8.0 % 4.0 %Transportation- 4.3 % 21.7 % 34.7 % 17.3 % 21.7 % 0.0 %commuters & mobility 8.6 % 17.3 % 13.0 % 17.3 % 17.3 % 26.0 % 21.7 % 13.0 % 4.3 % 4.3 % 21.7 % 34.7 %C om m er cial/indus tr ialenergy efficiencyResidential energyefficiencyLand use patterns &policy guidelines

Renewable energy 16.6 % 16.6 % 20.8 % 16.6 % 12.5 % 16.6 %potential3. How might LEAC promote energy efficient practices in the City? Select all that apply. 18.6% Conduct an education and outreach program for res idential and commercial property owners . (24) 17.8% Recommend adoption of City policies to improve City building and vehicle efficiency. (23) 17.0% Focus on cos t s avings as s ociated with managing energy cons umption. (22) 16.2% Advocate review guidelines focus ed on energy efficiency cons iderations during City review of development propos als . (21) 15.5% Advis e the City Council to es tablis h an “Energy Fund,” which would be a s pecific account dedicated to paying for energy efficiency improvements to municipal buildings . The fund would be created us ing money s aved from pas t energy efficiency projects . (20) 14.7% Recommend building guidelines that require energy efficient cons truction materials and practices for new cons truction. (19)4. Please rate the following actions to promote energyefficiency in the City on a scale of low priority to highpriority.Identify opportunities Don't Know Low Priority Moderate Priority High Priorityto utilize renewable 0.0 % 0.0 % 42.3 % 57.6 %energy in the City 0.0 % 19.2 % 19.2 % 61.5 %Implement a behavior 0.0 % 30.7 % 30.7 % 38.4 %change program 0.0 % 3.8 % 42.3 % 53.8 %directed at City 0.0 % 15.3 % 15.3 % 69.2 %employees (such as 0.0 % 0.0 % 53.8 % 46.1 %commute habits, 0.0 % 3.8 % 38.4 % 57.6 %turning off lights, etc) 0.0 % 11.5 % 46.1 % 42.3 %Reduce the number ofstreet lights in theCity and upgraderemaining lightsImprove efficiency oflow performingmunicipal buildingsAmend Zoning andSite Plan Regulationsto promote energyefficiency for newdevelopmentsEvaluate ways toreduce fuel usage inthe City vehicle fleetEncourage recyclingand composting inCity buildingsDevelop a municipalpurchasing policy topromote purchase ofenergy efficient officeequipment5. Please share any comments or insights regarding Lebanon’s energy planning effort, or any other ideas youmay have.

You may browse freeform responses online or download the CSV. End of Survey Page 2

Energy Efficiency Opportunities For Town Buildings Lebanon, New Hampshire October 26, 2011 Prepared by: Peregrine Energy Group, Inc. Boston, Massachusetts and Breakaway Energy Services LLC Portland, Maine Provided by:New Hampshire’s Office of Energy and Planning

Findings and Recommendations for Lebanon City Buildings1.0 Introduction and Executive SummaryPeregrine Energy Group, Inc. (“Peregrine”) and Breakaway Energy Services have prepared this EnergyOpportunities Assessment and Roadmap to Energy Efficiency for the City of Lebanon, New Hampshire.Work has been completed on behalf of the New Hampshire Office of Energy and Planning. This supportis being provided through the Energy Technical Assistance & Planning for New Hampshire Communitiesprogram (“ETAP”), funded by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act Energy Efficiency andConservation Block Grant program of the U.S. Department of Energy.On September 7th and 8th, Kaj Huld, representing ETAP met with Michael McCrory of Upper Valley LakeSunapee Regional Planning Commission, members of the Lebanon Energy Committee, and City buildingmanagers and operators to review and tour a select group of the City’s facilities. Buildings touredinclude a mix of old and newer facilities: the Depart of Public Works garage and office building, City Hall,Lebanon Library, Kilton Library, Main and West Fire Stations, municipal airport, police station, watertreatment facility, and the transfer station.The City is seeking guidance on ways to reduce utility use. The purpose of the meetings andsubsequent building tours was to collect information about current energy-related practices andbuilding systems, to learn about operating issues and comfort problems in the buildings, and to identifyand recommend changes that would improve operations, increase comfort, and/or reduce energy costs.Peregrine has completed this Energy Opportunity Assessment to guide the City in developing andimplementing an energy reduction strategy. This assessment includes specific recommendations andnext steps to reduce energy use and increase energy efficiency. We include summary information onthe building with recommendations that can provide a starting point for securing bids from installationcontractors for suggested projects.Findings and RecommendationsPeregrine’s Opportunity Assessment focused on:  Historical energy use  Operating practices  Lighting technology and requirements  HVAC equipment and controls  Building envelop materials and condition  Processing equipment (waste water treatment facility)  Future plans and requirementWe have identified several specific improvements that will result in significant energy reduction. Weestimate that identified energy reduction improvements and strategies will generate over $50,000 inutility cost savings annually, which represents roughly 13 percent of these facilities’ combined annualutility expenditure. The recommendations will require an investment of approximately $450,000, lessincentives from PSNH, which are expected to be at least $8,000. We estimate the simple payback forthese investments to be just over 8 years. Contractor bids will be required to confirm project cost. 2

Findings and Recommendations for Lebanon City BuildingsSuggested Next StepsWe suggest that the City move forward aggressively with the specific projects we recommend. Withinthe context of the ETAP program, Peregrine can support the town at no cost with planning andexecuting these recommendations. All projects indentified in this report require further development toobtain firm pricing and to tighten up the saving projections.Immediate next steps include: Commit to pursuing recommended projects and establish an implementation schedule. Develop request for proposal documents and/or contact preferred mechanical and lighting contractor(s). Unitil may require use of specific vendors for work supported by their program. Secure quotes for projects and select contractor(s).Table 1 – Energy Reduction Program Potential Results Potential Utility Savings Approximate Utility Demand Electric Oil Propane Annual SimpleImplementation Incentive kW kWh/yr Gal/yr Gal/yr Cost Payback Available Cost 24 194,900 20,925 (20,290) Avoidance Yr $8,575 $453,450 $55,950 8.12.0 Utility Use SummaryThe City buildings use electricity, oil and propane as primary energy sources. Electricity is supplied byPublic Service of New Hampshire (PSNH) and distributed in facilities at 208 volts, three phases in mostbuildings. The average cost of electricity for recent twelve month period was $0.111/kWh. This is a verylow value compared to other New Hampshire communities, and we suspect there may be problems withthe reported utility costs (for example missing distribution costs). Typical electricity cost we’ve seen inthe region varies from $0.15 to $0.18/kWh. The average cost of oil and propane over the last 12 monthswas $3.02/gallon and $1.91/gallon respectively.The table below summarizes reported energy use by building and calculates the intensity of energy usefor each. 3

Findings and Recommendations for Lebanon City Buildings Table 2 – Annual Utility Use and Energy DensityBuilding Sq. Ft. Electricity Oil Propane Total Utility EUI (kWh) (Gal) (Gal) Cost kBtu/SF1DPW Garage 29,500 54,900 - 15,700 $37,700 55DPW Office Bldg 6,500 35,600 - 1,600 $7,200 41City Hall 45,500 448,900 23,900 - $122,800 107Lebanon Library 7,900 49,000 2,400 - $13,500 64Kilton Library 15,200 219,400 - - $24,800 49Main Fire Station 24,100 77,600 7,100 - $31,200 52West Fire Station 8,200 33,100 5,200 - $20,000 103Municipal Airport Not Available Not Available Not Available Not Available Not Available Not AvailablePolice Station 13,800 304,100 4,500 - $47,700 121Water Treatment Facility Not Available 980,200 2,200 2,700 $114,800 Not AvailableTransfer Station Not Available 27,700 3,500 - $14,200 Not Available1Represents Btu equivalent of combined annual electricity and propane use, divided by building square footage,divided by 1,000. ENERGYSTAR reports that values can range from 30 kBtu/Sf to 340 kBtu/SF. An efficientcommercial office building in the Northeast should perform at roughly 80 kBtu/SF.3.0 DPW GarageThe Lebanon Department of Public Works garage is located adjacent to the municipal water treatmentfacility and DPW office building off of Dartmouth College Highway. The high bay building was completedabout two years ago. The building is used for garaging public works vehicles, primarily snow removaltrucks and salting beds. There is section of the area dedicated to vehicle maintenance as well as avehicle washing bay. The building includes offices, a break room, bathrooms and an upstairs storagemezzanine with parts storage and other items.Building EnvelopeThe DPW garage was built to current energy code requirements. Building insulation and vapor barrierare expected to be adequate and effective. However, there is an issue at the peak of the main roofwhere condensation or a roof leak has caused water damage and has likely destroyed the insulation inthat area. The overhead doors are insulated and have excellent weather seals. There are only a fewwindows at this facility, and they have thermal panes. Exterior doors have excellent weather seals.HVACThe high bay is heated by a radiant floor system. Hot water is supplied by three Hydrotherm propane-fired condensing boilers. One of the boilers has failed and requires extensive work or replacement. Thefailure may have been caused by deferring maintenance. The remaining boilers are now on a regularmaintenance program. In addition, there is a propane-fired energy recovery ventilation (ERV) unit thatserves the administrative area and vehicle maintenance bay. There is limited air conditioning in thisbuilding, provided by two small ductless splits. Domestic hot water is supplied by a 200 MBH propane-fired condensing unit. 4

Findings and Recommendations for Lebanon City BuildingsControlsThe ERV has an integrated controller that includes a time of day and day of week operating schedule.Building operators can’t access the programming capability of the controller and are not aware of howthe system is setup. The boiler plant is controlled by a Tekmar controller that automatically activatesthe plant when outdoor conditions warrant heating. Otherwise the radiant floor system and ductlesssplits are controlled by local thermostats. The garage bay is kept at 60oF in the winter.LightingThe high bay has rapid strike metal halide fixtures. Otherwise lighting is fluorescent T8. Exterior lightsare metal halide.OtherThe facility has a vehicle wash bay with dedicated high pressure hot water spray system. Hot water isgenerated on-demand by a self contained propane-fired unit. The garage is also equipped with a 20 hpair compressor.Recommended OpportunitiesThis facility has an Energy Use Index (EUI) of 55 kBtu/SF. This represents excellent performance for thistype of facility. It is not uncommon for DPW garages to have EUI’s ranging from 80 to over 100 kBtu/SF.We have two recommendations to moderately enhance the building’s performance, which aresummarized in the table below. We anticipate these measures will reduce utility use at the DPW garageby about 4 percent. Our recommendations are described following the table. Table 3 – Summary of Energy-Related Opportunities for the DPW Garage3.1 Adjust Energy Recovery Ventilation Unit Operating Schedule The energy recovery ventilation (ERV) unit has an internal controller that schedules unit operation and manages supply air discharge temperature. To view and adjust operating parameters on this controller, a laptop or other device with special software must be plugged into the ERV. Staff at the DPW do not have this capability and are unaware of schedule or setpoint details. It is likely that the unit operates more than is necessary. We suggest getting support from the installing contractor to carefully review schedule and other parameters for the ERV to minimize run time and to confirm that temperature setpoints are appropriate. Next Step: Consult with installing contractor to gain access to controller scheduling and temperature setpoints. 5

Findings and Recommendations for Lebanon City Buildings3.2 Install Boiler Hot Water Reset Control The boiler plant has a staging control unit to turn boilers on and off automatically based on building heating load requirements. Hot water is distributed at a constant temperature (probably 170 to 180oF). We recommend expanding the controls to include a hot water temperature reset that lowers the distributed hot water temperature when ambient (outside) temperatures get warmer. This is typically done with a linear regression that sets hot water temperature at approximately 130oF at 50oF outside temperature and increases hot water temperature to about 180oF when it is 0oF outside. Having hot water supplied to the building at lower temperature in milder weather reduces heating expense because there is less distribution system loss. There is also much less overheating when controls malfunction. A new boiler plant controller is needed to implement this reset feature. There are several controllers that provide both staging and reset. It may be necessary to install a three way valve to blend return water with hot water supply to achieve the reset. Next Step: Discuss controls options with local HVAC contractor(s). If necessary, put together bid package and conduct a formal solicitation. Peregrine is available to support the town by preparing technical specifications and/or reviewing documents prepared by others.3.3 Other Opportunities Considered  Roof and insulation repairs: Investigate source of water damage at peak of roof and make repairs to restore effective insulation. We do not expect significant energy savings from this repair, unless the damaged area of insulation is widespread.  Repair or replace failed boiler: The failed boiler must be repaired to restore boiler redundancy. There will not be any energy savings.4.0 DPW OfficeThe Lebanon Department of Public Works office is located adjacent to the DPW garage facility. The twostory building was recently completed. The building was designed to LEED standards. The facility isused for office and administrative areas for DPW staff, including drawing storage and a lunch room. Thebuilding is in use during normal business hours. There is limited night and weekend use except duringweather events.Building EnvelopeThis building was built to current energy code requirements. Building insulation and vapor barrier areexpected to be adequate and effective. Windows are operable with double thermal panes. Exteriordoors have excellent weather seals.HVACThis facility is conditioned by four pad mounted DX rooftop units with propane burner sections. Thereare two electric unit heaters for the stairwells. A propane-fired condensing unit rated at 120 MBHgenerates domestic hot water. 6

Findings and Recommendations for Lebanon City BuildingsControlsThe building uses local programmable thermostats to control the HVAC units. Thermostats may requireattention to improve the way the building is managed. For example, one unit has the incorrect time.The thermostats are setup to raise air conditioning setpoint in the summer from 70oF (occupied) to 78oF(weekday night) or 82oF (weekend). In the winter the units are setup to lower heating setpoint from70oF (occupied) to 65oF (weekday nights) and 62oF (weekends).LightingThis building uses T8 fluorescent lamps with electronic ballasts. There are motion sensors in appropriaterooms.Recommended OpportunitiesThis facility has an Energy Use Index (EUI) of 42 kBtu/SF. This represents outstanding buildingperformance and the City is to be commended for their efforts to build this facility to LEED standards.We have two recommendations to moderately enhance the building’s already excellent performance,which are summarized in the table below. We anticipate these measures will reduce utility use at theDPW office by about 6 percent. Our recommendations are described following the table. Table 4 – Summary of Energy-Related Opportunities for the DPW Office4.1 Adjust Stairwell Thermostats The stairwell in the building has an electric unit heater with local non-programmable thermostat. We suggest adjusting the thermostat to 50-55oF to minimize use of electric heat. Internal heat in the building, generated by less costly propane combustion, will migrate to the stairwell. Next Step: Adjust thermostat to 50oF and see what happens. Raise setpoint as necessary keeping in mind that stairwell does not have to be maintained at a comfortable level.4.2 Reprogram Thermostats for More Aggressive Reset The thermostats in the DPW office are programmable. Unoccupied heating setpoints are 65oF weekday nights and 62oF weekends. We recommend adjustment of these thermostat settings for more aggressive setbacks. For example, many similar facilities are able to operate at 55-60oF in the winter. We recommend trying a 55oF setpoint for nights and weekends. Clock and other settings should be checked periodically. 7

Findings and Recommendations for Lebanon City Buildings Next Step: Confer with staff to learn how HVAC systems perform during the morning warm-up / cool-down periods so that an appropriate start time can be programmed to ensure comfort when staff and others arrive in the morning.5.0 City HallThe Lebanon City Hall was built in the mid 1900’s. The facility has five split level floors including officeand meeting space as well as a large theatre. There was an addition to the theatre that includes shopspace. Public business hours are from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. There also are typically several evening meetingsper week. The Opera house is often active in the evenings as well and in use on weekend, including forchurch services.Building EnvelopeThe facility construction includes wood and steel framing with a brick exterior. There are two main roofsections: pitched cold attic space over the front administrative part of the building and flat built upsections over the theatre seating area and stage. Wall insulation material and effectiveness are notknown and are expected to be minimal. There is fiberglass batt insulation in the attic spaces, butinsulation is missing in many areas and doesn’t appear to be very effective. Windows are large vintagewood framed sash type with single pane glass. The windows offer poor resistance to infiltration and arethermally inefficient. The main exterior doors close well and have effective weather seals, but could usea bottom sweep.A comprehensive review of the building shell was completed by Building Envelope Solutions, Inc. in2009. Their observations and recommendations are documented in a memo dated May 15, 2009.HVACThis facility is conditioned by five approximately 12 year old air handlers. Three of these units arevariable volume, employing variable speed drives. There are a total of thirty-one VAV boxes withhydronic reheat in the distribution system. The other two air handlers are constant volume rooftopsthat serve the theatre. All units use central glycol treated hot water and chilled water systems. Each airhandler and rooftop unit also has full outside economizer capability. Additional analysis of the HVAC canbe provided when we receive mechanical drawings.Central Boiler PlantThere is a central hot water boiler plant serving air handler and reheat coils, as well as some entranceunit heaters. The plant consists of two 12 year old Weil McClain oil-fired hot water units rated at 1,080MBH input each. There are two 3 hp hot water pumps, both observed to be running. The pumps arevariable speed controlled.Central Chilled Water PlantThere is a central chilled water system that serves the five air handlers. The packaged air cooled chilleris located on a pad outside the building. The chiller is rated at approximately 100 tons. There is a set of7.5 hp constant volume chilled water circulation pumps (one standby). 8

Findings and Recommendations for Lebanon City BuildingsControlsThe building has a Honeywell direct digital control (DDC) energy management system. The systemcontrols the air handlers, VAV boxes, boiler plant, and chiller plant. It appears that the DDC systemprovides equipment scheduling and basic temperature resets.We noted numerous commissioning related issues that result in simultaneous heating/cooling. Staffindicates that the boiler is in use year-round to provide reheat and humidity control. The City isplanning to update the antiquated dial-up system to a web-based platform.LightingThe predominant lighting system at this facility is a mix of T12 and T8 fluorescent lamps with electronicballasts. The auditorium seating area uses compact fluorescent fixtures. There aren’t any motionsensors in use here.Recommended OpportunitiesThis facility has an Energy Use Index (EUI) of 107 kBtu/SF. This represents poor building performanceand is typical for older buildings with control and/or envelope issues. The breakdown is 34 kBtu/SF forelectricity and 74 kBtu/SF for oil. Oil use is particularly high for this building, which can be attributed toactive heating in the summer and to a less degree, poor attic insulation.We believe there are substantial opportunities to make improvements. We have identified sevenopportunities to reduce energy use and cost, which are summarized in the table below. We anticipatethese measures will reduce utility use at the City Hall by about 16 percent. Our recommendations aredescribed following the table. Table 5 – Summary of Energy-Related Opportunities for the City Hall5.1 Update Fluorescent Lighting Fluorescent lighting at the City Hall is a mix of T8 and T12 technology. About half the fixtures have 34 watt T12 lamps and there is a mix of electronic and magnetic ballasts. A full lighting retrofit is recommended using existing fixtures in most cases. We suggest using 28 watt T8 lamps (Super T8’s) and low power electronic ballasts throughout the building. Next Step: Conduct a full lighting survey and fixture count. We recommend using a qualified lighting contractor who will provide this service at no cost and will subsequently generate a fixed 9

Findings and Recommendations for Lebanon City Buildings price proposal for an engineered solution that may include some new fixtures, reflectors, rewiring and/or lighting level adjustments. The lighting contractor’s proposal would normally include energy savings and PSNH rebate projection. These calculations should be prepared to meet PSNH’s rebate application. Peregrine can assist by sourcing contractor(s) and reviewing proposals.5.2 Add Lighting Motion Sensors There is an opportunity to install a lighting occupancy sensor in meeting rooms, bathrooms and potentially other intermittently used areas of the building such as the basement hallway. Occupancy sensors automatically turn lights off when areas aren’t in use. Next Step: Review all areas of the building for possible motion sensors. Determine usage patterns and where the sensors will reduce lighting run time. We recommend coordinating occupancy sensor installation with general lighting update above and potentially recommended lighting work in other buildings. Peregrine is available to review bids or other documentation.5.3 Turn Off Second Hot Water Pump Both of the heating hot water pumps are active. Normally, the second pump is for standby service only. We suggest turning off the second pump and observing what happens. If a heating deficiency arises with the second pump off, troubleshoot the system for valve, flow or other issues and take steps to resolve if possible. We have assumed a $1,000 contingency to cover diagnostic services by a contractor. Next Step: Turn off pump and observe system operation.5.4 Update Controls Platform and Retro-Commission Building The City Hall has a Honeywell direct digital control (DDC) energy management system. The system is older, and the front end, or processor and viewing platform, should be updated to current technology. The City has plans to install a web-based platform, which offers high speed off-site access. This new front end will require reprogramming of building sequences. There are a number of efficiency enhancements that can be included in system update. We suggest a “retro-commissioning” (RCxing) approach that includes full testing to assure that control points as well as field equipment is operating optimally. Recommended strategies include:  Optimum equipment start to meet occupancy schedule  Demand ventilation control for auditorium  Enthalpy economizer control  Supply air temperature reset  Air-side balance and VAV box minimum setting adjustments 10

Findings and Recommendations for Lebanon City Buildings RCxing is normally provided by a third party commissioning specialist in two or more phases. The first phase is “discovery” where the building is reviewed fairly quickly, but in enough detail to develop a comprehensive RCxing plan, including target systems to be addressed and establishing testing and data collection procedures. The next phase involves detailed testing, data collection and diagnostic services which will result in a list of specific recommendations for improvements. Many changes can be implemented on the fly by diagnosticians with the owner’s approval. Other recommendations may require the paid services of a controls programmer or contractor to replace defective components. Next Step: We recommend further engineering to generate an outline specification for the new front end including points list, sequence of operation and bill of materials, additional points and other necessary updates and programming strategies. We suggest working with Honeywell and other controls vendors to obtain price quotes for the update. This can be accomplished informally or through an official bid solicitation, if necessary. Additional engineering is needed to develop a more thorough savings projection, and this would include further evaluation of how the existing systems are operated. Peregrine is available to support the City in developing initial specifications for controls and RCxing, working with controls vendors, reviewing proposals, and providing detailed energy impact evaluation.5.5 Update Exterior Door Weather Seals The City Hall has several entrance doors, many of which are missing bottom sweeps. We recommend replacement of ay missing door weather stripping. All weather stripping should be inspected and updated annually before the winter heating season. Next Step: Conduct more detailed review of exterior doors to establish a detailed scope of work. Consult with door specialist to select and price weather strip system. A City technician can probably install the product and make any minor door adjustments. Otherwise obtain pricing from a contractor. We suggest combining door weatherstrip work for other City facilities. By combining work, it is much more likely that the City will achieve a favorable bidder response.5.6 Seal and Insulate Stage Cupola The auditorium stage is high bay with a sheet metal cupola that was originally designed as a vent. The cupola is no longer in use and is in rough shape. We suggest demolishing the cupola and installing an insulated roof cap. A lower cost option is to apply closed cell foam at roof deck level. Next Step: It may be possible for City maintenance staff to seal and insulate the cupola. Otherwise, an airseal or building insulation specialist should be consulted for pricing to remove the unit and seal. 11

Findings and Recommendations for Lebanon City Buildings5.7 Update Attic Insulation There is an excellent opportunity to improve the insulation in the attics of the City Hall. We recommend adjustments and addition of batt insulation for even coverage throughout the attic spaces. All penetrations in the spaces should be air sealed with careful treatment of the perimeter to ensure that the attic/wall joint is sealed and that eaves are properly ventilated. To maximize insulating properties, cellulose should be blown on top of the existing insulation. We recommend adding new insulation to achieve R50 to R60. An alternative approach to improving attic insulation performance is to abandon attic insulation as- is and apply closed cell foam insulation to the underside of the roof deck. This option is considerably more expensive, but should definitely be considered since the attic spaces contain HVAC systems and ducting as well as sprinkler systems. Next Step: We recommend discussing this project with local building or insulating contractor(s) to get an indication of scope and price. Peregrine can support the City by outlining technical aspects of the project for bid solicitation.5.8 Other Opportunities Considered  Rebuild or seal operable windows: The City Hall has a number of older loose windows that don’t provide an effective thermal barrier. It isn’t cost effective to replace the windows. However, rebuilding them with double pane glazing and/or weather seals could significantly improve performance. A lower cost option is to permanently caulk windows closed.  Seal basement penetrations: There are several windows and an access door in the basement that should be weatherized. We suggest caulking the windows closed. The door may require updating as well as weather stripping.6.0 Main LibraryLebanon’s main library branch is located on South Park Street on the main traffic circle in town. Theoriginal section of the library was built in 1909 with a subsequent addition in 1985. The original buildinghas a high bay stack area and lower level children multi-purpose room and administrative offices. Theaddition contains a children’s area on the ground floor with a young adult section on the upper levelwith a mezzanine into the high bay stack area. The library is open Monday through Thursdays 10 a.m. to8 p.m., Friday and Saturdays 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. and Sundays 1 p.m. to 5 p.m.Building EnvelopeThe original building is constructed of masonry block. It is unlikely that there is any wall insulation.There is a pitched roof, but we were not able to access the attic space to confirm insulation details.Windows are older wood framed units with single pane glass. There are some beautiful stain glassupper sections in some of the windows. This part of the building has two unused fireplaces which havebeen sealed with foam. The addition is also masonry block construction, but with a flat roof section.We expect there is insulation in both walls and within the built up roofing, based on the more recent 12

Findings and Recommendations for Lebanon City Buildingsconstruction. There is a solar wall setup on one side of the building that is no longer in use. Windowshave thermal panes and exterior doors are in decent condition, but are lacking bottom sweeps.A comprehensive building envelope study was completed by Sustainable Development and EnergySystems (SD&ES) Group out of Dover, NH. Their work is documented in a report dated March 11, 2011.HVACThe original section of the main library is heated with steam. There is a single 1963 Weil McLain oil-firedboiler rated at 219 MBH. All asbestos has been removed from the mechanical room in anticipation ofnear future boiler replacement, due to old age of the unit. There is now no insulation on the steampiping in there. In addition, there is a newer Carrier oil-fired furnace that serves the building addition.Air conditioning is provided by a ¾ hp Trane unit located in the mechanical room as well as two split DXfan coils and a few window DX units.ControlsThe steam and forced hot air systems are controlled by local thermostats. Some of the thermostats areprogrammable.LightingThe building uses T8 fluorescent lamps with electronic ballasts. The lights were updated under a PSNHprogram within the last five years. There doesn’t appear to be any motion sensors in use.Recommended OpportunitiesThis facility has an Energy Use Index (EUI) of 63 kBtu/SF. This represents good building performance forthis older building with limited control and an old steam boiler. The breakdown is 21 kBtu/SF forelectricity and 42 kBtu/SF for oil, both reasonable values. We have identified six opportunities to reduceenergy use and cost, which are summarized in the table below. We anticipate these measures willreduce utility use at the City Hall by up to 11 percent. Our recommendations are described followingthe table. Table 6 – Summary of Energy-Related Opportunities for the Main Library6.1 Add Lighting Motion Sensors There is an opportunity to install a lighting occupancy sensor in stacks, young adult section, children’s multi-purpose room, bathrooms and potentially other intermittently used areas of the building. Occupancy sensors automatically turn lights off when areas aren’t in use. 13

Findings and Recommendations for Lebanon City Buildings Next Step: Review all areas of the building for possible motion sensors. Determine usage patterns and where the sensors will reduce lighting run time. We recommend coordinating occupancy sensor installations at the library with other recommended lighting work at other city buildings. By combining the project with other buildings, the city is more likely to receive favorable bids. Peregrine is available to review bids or other documentation.6.2 Night Setback The thermostats in the library are a mix of programmable and conventional non-programmable. We suggest replacing the non-programmable with new thermostats with time of day and day of week programming capability. All thermostats should be setup to drop heating setpoints to 55 - 60oF as soon as the library closes and then to raise setpoint to occupied level within 1 to 2 hours before the library opens. Next Step: Select new thermostats and install. Confer with staff to learn how HVAC systems perform during the morning warm-up periods so that an appropriate start time can be programmed to ensure comfort when staff and others arrive in the morning.6.3 Add Weather Seals to Exterior Doors The Library’s exterior doors have weather stripping, but generally not on the bottom section. We recommend adding sweeps to all the doors that don’t have them and updating any worn or missing weather stripping. All doors should be checked to make sure they close tightly. Next Step: Conduct more detailed review of exterior doors to establish a detailed scope of work. Consult with door specialist to select and price weather strip system. A City technician can probably install the product and make any minor door adjustments. Otherwise obtain pricing from a contractor. We suggest combining similar work for other City facilities which appear to have much of the same issues. By combining work, it is much more likely that the City will achieve a favorable bidder response.6.4 Airseal Attics and Basement As with many older buildings, the library is a good candidate for weatherization improvements, in this case air sealing the attic and select basement areas as identified in the SD&ES report. An air sealing / insulation contractor should be engaged to complete this work, using instrumentation to identify problem areas and measure the results of improvements made. Next Step: We recommend bringing in a qualified air sealing contractor to review SD&E’s report and inspect the building themselves in order to provide a price quote for sealing these areas. Air sealers usually conduct a blower door test and/or infrared scans of the building envelope to determine where there might be voids and/or poor insulation properties. Easy improvements, such as sealing gaps with expanding foam and/or caulking are usually tackled at this point. There may be additional discoveries during the airseal process, such as insulation voids in the walls or 14

Findings and Recommendations for Lebanon City Buildings inadequate roof insulation. The contractor can provide a supplemental proposal for any additional weatherization that is needed.6.5 Install Steam Pipe Insulation Where Missing Steam pipe in the main mechanical room has been stripped of its insulation as part of a prior asbestos remediation project. We recommend re-insulating the steam pipe since a significant amount of the heat loss associated with this exposed pipe is lost to the environment versus heating the building. Having exposed pipe is also a safety concern. Next Steps: Consider boiler replacement plans and, if possible include pipe insulation as part of the boiler replacement project. If the boiler will remain in service for a few more years, consult with local mechanical or insulation contractor to obtain pricing for insulation.6.6 Replace Steam Boiler The oil-fired steam boiler dates to 1963 and is well beyond its useful service life. Replacement is required in the near term. There are limited options in terms of efficiency for this replacement project. A typical oil-fired cast iron steam boiler typically operates at 82 to 86 percent efficiency. There are other types of small steam boilers available, but none offer better efficiency, and they generally cost more. Use of a propane boiler should be considered if there is room on the grounds for a propane tank. As an alternative, we recommend considering converting the library to forced hot water heating system with new high efficiency propane-fired condensing boiler(s). Hot water systems are significantly easier to control and less costly to maintain. Further, condensing boilers operate at up to 96 percent efficient. The payback on such conversions is typically unattractive; but there are long term operating benefits that should be considered in decision making. Next Step: We recommend that Lebanon gives full consideration to the hydronic conversion option before moving forward with a direct replacement. Consult with a mechanical or heating contractor to obtain budget pricing. If necessary, Peregrine can provide outline technical specifications to be used for a formal bid solicitation.7.0 Kilton LibraryLebanon recently opened the Kilton branch library in West Lebanon. The single story building was builtto LEED gold standards and includes a main stack area, administrative offices, children’s section andmeeting room. The library is open Monday and Wednesdays 1 p.m. to 8 p.m., Tuesday, Thursdays,Friday and Saturdays from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. and Sundays 1 p.m. to 5 p.m. from Labor Day throughMarch. 15

Findings and Recommendations for Lebanon City BuildingsBuilding EnvelopeThis is a new building built to latest energy codes. Insulation and vapor barrier are expected to beeffective. Windows employ thermal panes. There are automatic shades in the main atrium to controlsolar thermal load.HVACKilton employs a geothermal heat pump systems backed up with a pellet boiler. There is no propane oroil-based systems to provide heating to this facility. There are three central heat pumps that generateheating hot water and chilled water. A large variable air volume McQuay rooftop unit providesconditioned air to most of the library. A Semco energy recovery ventilation unit serves the meetingroom.The Burnham pellet boiler is rated at 403 MBH and includes an outdoor pellet silo and feed systemadjacent to the parking lot. Heating hot water is used to generate domestic hot water. Heating hotwater is also used via heat exchanger for a glycol sidewalk snow melt system. The snow melt systememploys a sensor that detects icing conditions. However, library operators prefer to shovel and sandthe sidewalks.ControlsThe building uses a central direct digital control system to manage the groundwater pumps, heatpumps, air handling systems, and boiler. We reviewed the system in detail and it appears to be fullycommissioned and providing the full spectrum of efficiency strategies.LightingThis building uses T8 fluorescent lamps with electronic ballasts. There is extensive use of motionsensors, including areas in the stacks.Recommended OpportunitiesThis facility has an Energy Use Index (EUI) of 49 kBtu/SF. This represents excellent building performancethat is consistent with high performance lighting and HVAC systems that the City built into this newfacility. We did attempt to contact the commissioning agent for this facility (Bill Root) to determine ifthere are any lingering commissioning related issues that may be impacting energy use, but we wereunable to reach him and presume that commissioning was completed to their satisfaction. We aresuggesting only one minor update to better control the meeting room ventilation system, which issummarized below. Table 7 – Summary of Energy-Related Opportunities for the Kilton Library 16

Findings and Recommendations for Lebanon City Buildings7.1 Add Occupancy Control of Energy Recovery Ventilation Unit The Kilton library has an Energy Recovery Ventilation (ERV) Unit that serves the 2nd level meeting room. This unit provides 100 percent outside air to this one intermittently used zone during library operating hours. The ERV has considerable energy tied up in fans and although has heat recovery of exhaust air, there is still heating and cooling required to operate the unit. We recommend adding demand control of the unit so that it only activates when the room is occupied. This can be accomplished by installing motion sensors or an activation button in the room that times out after 1–2 hours. The new motion sensor or activation devices must be wired into the central DDC system to control the ERV. Next Step: Consult with the control contractor to determine feasibility and pricing of suggested upgrade.8.0 Main Fire StationLebanon’s main fire station is located on South Park Street on the main traffic circle. The three storybuilding was constructed in 1954. The building has a main apparatus bay, maintenance shop,administrative offices, locker rooms, big multipurpose room, lounge, bunk rooms. There is a smallkitchen with propane range. The station employs full time career fire fighters. There are typically threestaff on duty per shift.Building EnvelopeThis building is masonry block construction with a brick façade. There is unlikely to be any wallinsulation. The built up roof is flat and likely has some rigid insulation. Many of the windows wereupdated in the upper part of the building. The remaining windows employ thermal panes, but are inrough condition. Window air conditioner transition pieces on several units are tight with an insulatedsection – on others the seal is extremely poor fitting. We understand that most A/C units are removedfor the winter. Exterior doors are in fair condition, generally with weather seals, but lacking sweeps.The apparatus bay overhead doors were replaced 3 to 4 years ago and are in excellent condition witheffective weather seals. There is an issue with remote garage door controller failing to close doors whenthe fire engines leave for a call. The result is that doors will sometimes remain open until thefirefighters return.HVACThis fire station is heated by a hot water system via perimeter radiation and unit heaters in theapparatus bay. The boiler plant consists of two oil-fired HB Smith units that were installed in 1992. Wewere unable to determine boiler size. There are six zone pumps. Domestic hot water is generated viaindirect Viessman unit. The main heating plant is thus active year-round. Air conditioning is provided byindividual window A/C units. We noted one unit in use with an adjacent fan blowing in fresh air from anopen window. 17

Findings and Recommendations for Lebanon City BuildingsControlsThe building uses local thermostats to control zone heating. None of the thermostats are programmedfor resets since the building is in use 24 hours a day.LightingThis building uses T8 fluorescent lamps with electronic ballasts in occupied areas as well as in theapparatus bay. There doesn’t appear to use of motion sensors in the station.OtherThis station has a breathing air compressor system.Recommended OpportunitiesThis facility has an Energy Use Index (EUI) of 52 kBtu/SF. We suspect that the reported square footage(24,100 square feet) is high and therefore the EUI is inaccurately low. Otherwise this EUI representsexcellent building performance for a fire station. We usually see EUIs of New Hampshire fire stations of90 kBtu/SF or higher. High fire station EUIs are mostly attributable to round the clock operations andloose building construction. This fire station doesn’t have notable efficiency features, which is anotherreason why we question the square footage. We have identified a number of minor improvements thatwe believe will reduce energy use by about 3 percent. Our ideas are presented in the table below andsummarized after the table. Table 8 – Summary of Energy-Related Opportunities for the Main Fire Station8.1 Add Lighting Motion Sensors There is an opportunity to install a lighting occupancy sensor in common areas, bathrooms and potentially other intermittently used areas of the building. Occupancy sensors automatically turn lights off when areas aren’t in use and have adjustable settings. Next Step: Review all areas of the building for possible motion sensors. Determine usage patterns and where the sensors will reduce lighting run time. We recommend coordinating occupancy sensor installations at the library with other recommended lighting work at other city buildings. 18

Findings and Recommendations for Lebanon City Buildings8.2 Limit Use of Air Conditioners We recommend implementing further staff awareness and enforcement around energy conservation. For example, during our walk through, we noted that a window air conditioner was running in a room that also had an open window with a fan running blowing in outside air. Limiting use of air conditioners is an important part of the policy. For example, the open window with fan is the preferred comfort option during all but extreme summer conditions. Next Step: Effective policy has to come from and be embraced by top management.8.3 Improve Window A/C Weather Seals This station has a number of through the wall window A/C units. There are two units on the second floor in the main meeting room that have excellent custom built transition pieces from the unit to the window frames. These transition pieces are insulated with plywood covering and are tightly caulked. We understand these window units are capped for the winter. There are several other window A/C units that do not have tight window seals. For example, the unit in the kitchen is exceptionally poor and should be updated. We recommend a more robust sealing product for summer use on the remaining A/C units. Ideally these window A/C should be removed for the winter heating season. Next Step: Select Window A/C transition seal or have staff build their own as was done on the second floor meeting room.8.4 Add Weather Seals to Exterior Doors We noted that one of the side doors didn’t have weather seals on the bottom. We recommend adding sweeps to all the doors that don’t have them and updating any worn or missing weather stripping. All doors should be checked to make sure they close tightly. Next Step: Conduct more detailed review of exterior doors to establish a detailed scope of work. Consult with door specialist to select and price weather strip system. A City technician can probably install the product and make any minor door adjustments. Otherwise obtain pricing from a contractor. We suggest combining similar work for other City facilities which appear to have much of the same issues.8.5 Update Hot Water Pipe Insulation There are missing sections of hot water pipe insulation in the boiler room. We recommend insulating these sections to minimize heat loss to the mechanical room, thereby reducing energy use. Next Steps: Consult with local mechanical or insulation contractor to obtain pricing. This minor work should be combined when the contractor is working in the building for another reason. 19

Findings and Recommendations for Lebanon City Buildings8.6 Update Overhead Door Remote Controllers The overhead doors are operated by remote controllers in each fire fighting vehicle. We understand that these devices don’t always work properly as crews are hastily leaving in an emergency situation. We are told that there have been a number of times when door(s) haven’t closed and have remained open until crews return hours later. Obviously this is wasteful of heating energy, never mind security of the building. Something needs to be done to avoid prolonged open doors. Staff have talked about having police or other agencies come to the fire station when a door doesn’t close. We recommend updating controllers for better remote performance and/or including a timer feature for winter operations that automatically closes the door after 5 – 10 minutes. Automatic door systems include a photo eye that detects when there is an obstruction in the door, so there shouldn’t be concern that doors will close on a vehicle parked in the way, causing equipment damage. Next Steps: Consult with door specialists to determine improvement options for controls. Having a backup plan with local authorities is a good idea.9.0 West Fire StationLebanon’s West Fire Station is located on South Main Street in West Lebanon. The two story buildingwas constructed in the 1975. The building has a main apparatus bay with hose drying tower,administrative offices, locker room, big multipurpose room, bunk rooms. There is a small kitchen withpropane range. The station employs full time career fire fighters. There are typically two staff on dutyper shift.Building EnvelopeThis building is masonry block construction with a brick façade. There is unlikely to be any wallinsulation. The built up roof is flat and likely has some rigid insulation. Windows are operable singlepane with aluminum frames. The windows are almost never opened. We understand that window A/Cunits are removed for the winter heating season. Exterior doors are in fair condition, generally witheffective weather seals. The upper level door has a weak closure unit and was observed it to not closeon its own. The apparatus bay overhead doors (3) are in good condition with decent weather seals. Thehose tower has electrically actuated dampers to the outside to provide induced ventilation.HVACThis fire station is heated by a hot water system via perimeter radiation and unit heaters in theapparatus bay and hose tower. The boiler plant consists of a very old HB Smith oil-fired unit. We wereunable to determine boiler size or age. This boiler has had many recent maintenance issues, and stafffeels it should be replaced soon. Domestic hot water is generated via propane-fired 50 gallon unit. Airconditioning is provided by three individual window A/C units. 20

Findings and Recommendations for Lebanon City BuildingsControlsThe building uses local thermostats to control zone heating. None of the thermostats areprogrammable. The station is maintained at 65 – 70oF through the winter. There is a tendency forsections of the upper level to get too hot and windows are sometimes opened.LightingThis building uses T8 fluorescent lamps with electronic ballasts in occupied areas as well as theapparatus bay. Lighting hasn’t been updated in a while. There doesn’t appear to use of motion sensorsin the station.Recommended OpportunitiesThis facility has an Energy Use Index (EUI) of 103 kBtu/SF. This represents typical performance for a firestation. We have identified a number of updates which we believe will reduce energy use by up to 27percent. Our ideas are presented in the table below and summarized after the table. Table 9 – Summary of Energy-Related Opportunities for the West Fire Station9.1 Add Lighting Motion Sensors There is an opportunity to install a lighting occupancy sensor in 2nd floor training room, bathroom and potentially other intermittently used areas of the building. Next Step: Review all areas of the building for possible motion sensors. As with other buildings with motion control opportunity, usage patterns must be evaluated to determine where sensors will be effective. We recommend coordinating development and implementation of occupancy sensor installations at all the buildings at the same time.9.2 Limit Use of Air Conditioners As with the main fire station, we recommend implementing an energy awareness and enforcement around energy conservation. The policy should include turning off air conditioners in bunk areas when staff aren’t in them. Next Step: Effective policy has to come from and be embraced by top management. 21

Findings and Recommendations for Lebanon City Buildings9.3 Lower Bay Space Temperature in Winter We understand the station is maintained at 65-70oF in the winter, including the apparatus bay. We suggest lowering the bay setpoint to 60oF or lower for the winter. New Hampshire code mandates that the bay must be maintained no lower than 55oF due to rescue vehicle medications. Next Step: Effective energy policy has to come from and be embraced by top management since there are some comfort sacrifices.9.4 Replace Upper Door Closure Unit The second level of the station has an access door to an outdoor staircase. This door does not close on its own and requires a push. The closure unit appears to be faulty. We suggest replacement of the closure unit and any further adjustments so that the door automatically closes tightly. Next Step: A City technician can probably replace the unit at minimal cost. Otherwise obtain pricing from a contractor. We suggest combining door work for other City facilities, which should result in more favorable bidder response.9.5 Seal and Insulate Roof Access Manway There is a roof access manway at the top of the hose drying station. The vertical opening is sealed by loose fitting plywood. There is likely to be significant air loss from this opening in the winter. We recommend building an insulated door with tight fitting seals. Next Step: A City technician can probably build an improved access door at minimal cost. Otherwise obtain pricing from a contractor. If contracted out, we suggest combining this work with insulation or door jobs at other City facilities.9.6 Replace Thermostats and Balance Hot Water Loop The second floor of the station is subject to poor temperature control and overheating. We recommend replacement of the thermostat(s) and balancing/troubleshooting of the hot water loop serving the zone. For example, there could be a problem with the zone pump and how it is controlled. Next Step: Consult with heating contractor to obtain pricing.9.7 Replace Boiler with High Efficiency Propane Plant The station’s cast iron sectional boiler is very old and well beyond its expected service life. Replacement in the near term is required. We suggest replacing the boiler with two smaller propane-fired condensing boilers that operate at up to 96 percent efficient. Modular condensing boilers offer exceptional turn-down performance and having two boilers offers redundancy and some continued heat should one break down. The project will require review of the current heating system design and layout to make sure that the lower hot water operating temperature profile needed for efficient operations will work. The new installation also requires new combustion air 22

Findings and Recommendations for Lebanon City Buildings and exhaust flues, typically constructed with PVC piping. Additional propane tankage may also be required. Next Step: We suggest reviewing the propane-fired condensing boiler option before moving forward with a direct boiler replacement. Consult with a mechanical or heating contractor to obtain budget pricing. If necessary, Peregrine can provide outline technical specifications to be used for bid solicitation for design-build services.9.8 Other Opportunities Considered Close Up Hose Drying Area and turn Off Heat: This station has a hose drying tower. There is a hot water radiator near the tower base and electrically actuated dampers at the top to induce ventilation. If not already, we recommend leaving the heat off in this area and closing the roll-up door except when actively drying hoses. Replace Hose Tower Dampers Section: Assuming heat is active in the tower area, we recommend replacing the upper level damper section. A weatherized damper should be installed that provides a tight seal, compared to the dampers in place now, which are quite loose.10.0 Municipal AirportLebanon operates a municipal airport, including terminal building, maintenance facility and fire station.The terminal building was constructed in 1980. All public and airport operations functions are on theground floor and include: ticketing area, rental car vendors, gate lounge, TSA offices, baggage processingarea and an unoccupied restaurant that will likely be re-opened soon. There is a second floor with muchsmaller footprint that includes administrative offices as well as the mechanical room. The terminalbuilding is in use from about 4 a.m. to 9:30 at night or later if flights are delayed. There are fourscheduled commercial flights per day.The maintenance garage is a long high bay facility with six main bays. The facility is used to maintainairport support vehicles and equipment. Sand for winter operations is also stored onsite in heatedspace. One of the bays is used as a break room and to store miscellaneous materials, equipment andparts. The City has plans to expand the facility so that more equipment can be kept indoors. Thisbuilding is in use weekdays from about 6 a.m. to 3:30 p.m.The fire station is a small heated garaging facility for a single fire vehicle. The space is occupied forabout 20 minutes a week for routine checks.Building EnvelopeTerminal Building: This facility is built with wood framing and flat built up membrane roofing. Insulationdetails are not known at this time. There is probably up to two inches of rigid insulation in the roofing.Windows are a mix of operable and fixed units in aluminum frames with double pane glass. Much of theglass has been visually compromised by condensation and/or contaminated drainage from the roof.Exterior doors are in good to poor condition. There are some with large gaps to weather. The airportmanager complains of drafts in the second floor. We noted that the HVAC diffusers blow air exactly at 23

Findings and Recommendations for Lebanon City Buildingswindow level which gives the feeling of draft. This should be looked into further to see if the buildingsair seal has been compromised.Maintenance Garage: This building is a typical steel butler building construction with interior blanketinsulation. The overhead doors (6) appear to have decent weather seals. We noted that there is anexhaust fan with poor sealing dampers as well as some areas around unit heater flues that could besealed better.Fire Station: This is another steel building with metal siding and interior insulation. The building’s doorsare in good condition with tight seals and the building shell appears to be tight.HVACThe terminal building is conditioned by two main DX/hot water air handlers serving interior parts of theterminal and the second floor. Duct insulation on one of the units is in particularly poor condition. Inaddition, there are two DX rooftop units (no heating) that serve the ticketing and open terminalentrance area. We understand that there is also a small split DX air handler in the ceiling of therestaurant. The terminal has perimeter fin tube as well as several hydronic unit heaters in the baggagearea. Hot water is supplied by an oil-fired boiler plant located in the second floor mechanical room. Theplant consists of four 1,016 MBH Hydrotherm boilers. Hot water is circulated by one of two 1½ hpcentrifugal pumps. The plant is original to the building and looks to be in rough shape. There have beenwater leaks in this mechanical room in the past with subsequent damage. Pipe insulation is missing insome sections.The maintenance building and fire station are heated by ceiling hung propane-fired unit heaters.ControlsTerminal rooftop units, perimeter radiation and unit heaters are controlled by local thermostats. Someof the thermostats are programmable. Local thermostats control the outbuilding unit heaters. Thereare no temperature resets being implemented.LightingThe terminal building is lit with older generation T8 fluorescent fixtures including overhead troffers andwall wash. There are some compact fluorescents as well as incandescent lights in place on the 2nd floorand in the unoccupied restaurant facility. We expect these lamps see minimal use at this time. Thereare approximately ten 400 watt metal halide pole lamps in the parking lots as well as three multiplelamp apron pole light systems. We understand that runway lighting is only activated upon aircraftapproach and therefore sees minimal run hours. The maintenance garage uses newer T8 technology aswell as eight foot T12 lamps.Recommended OpportunitiesWe were unable to obtain utility use data for the airport terminal and support garage and thereforecannot provide an Energy Use Index (EUI). We did identify a number of updates which we believe willsignificantly reduce energy use. Potential measures are presented in the table below (next page) andsummarized after the table. 24

Findings and Recommendations for Lebanon City Buildings Table 10 – Summary of Energy-Related Opportunities for the Municipal Airport10.1 Update Interior Lighting Most of the lighting systems at the airport are energy efficient T8 fluorescent and compact fluorescent lights. We did note some incandescent lighting on the second floor administration area which should be updated. There are also many incandescent lamps in the restaurant which should be changed when the area is reopened. There are also eight foot T12 fixtures at the garage. There are eight foot T8 lamp replacements available, but the update may require changing the contacts in the fixture. Next Step: Conduct a full lighting survey and fixture count. We recommend using a qualified lighting contractor who will provide this service at no cost. Peregrine can assist by sourcing contractor(s) and reviewing proposals.10.2 Update Exterior Lighting There are about ten HID parking lot fixtures. In addition there are three apron lighting poles, each with three fixtures. These lighting system are active at night. We recommend replacing these fixtures with new LED units that operate using much less electricity. LED technology can operate up to 10 years or longer without requiring lamp replacement. Note that we did discuss the airport’s incandescent runway lighting for which there are special LED replacement options. However, we understand that runway lighting is activated by pilots for take- off and landings and is otherwise turned off. There is therefore not enough run hours on the lamps to justify the significant cost to change to LEDs. Next Step: Obtain exact details on existing lighting systems, such as quantities, fixture type, wattage and design lumen output. We recommend integrating development of exterior lighting updates with the recommended interior lighting project outlined above.10.3 Add Lighting Motion Sensors There is an opportunity to install lighting occupancy sensors in the terminal baggage room, gate lounge and bathrooms. Motion sensors could also be used in some parts of the maintenance 25

Findings and Recommendations for Lebanon City Buildings garage. Occupancy sensors automatically turn lights off when areas aren’t in use and are have adjustable sensitivity and time delays. Next Step: Review all areas of the terminal and maintenance garage for possible motion sensors. Determine usage patterns and where the sensors will reduce lighting run time. We recommend coordinating occupancy sensor installations with the other recommended lighting work at the airport and potentially other city buildings.10.4 Discontinue Use of Second Front Door and Seal The Terminal building has two general entrances with double door sets. The entrance near the ticketing counter doesn’t appear to be used. We suggest closing this entrance for the winter and sealing the doors closed to reduce drafts into the building. Next Step: Review shutting down second entrance with airport managers. Create signage and proceed to lock the doors and caulk.10.5 Add Weather Seals to Exterior Doors There several exterior doors at the terminal that need attention. Daylight can be seen around several doors in the baggage and Cape Air back of house areas. Most of the problems are due to worn or missing weather stripping, which should be replaced. However, some of the doors may require repair or replacement to close properly. Next Step: Conduct more detailed review of exterior doors to establish a detailed scope of work. We suggest combining recommended door work at other City facilities to build economies of scale.10.6 Replace Damaged Pipe and Duct Insulation There are missing sections of hot water pipe insulation in the boiler room. We expect insulation was removed following water damage from a pump leak. We recommend insulating these sections to minimize heat loss to the mechanical room, thereby reducing energy use. There is also damaged duct insulation that should be repaired. Next Steps: Consult with local mechanical or insulation contractor to obtain pricing.10.7 Replace Boiler with High Efficiency Propane Plant The Terminal’s oil-fired Hydrotherm boilers are beyond their expected service life. Replacement will be required within a few years. We suggest replacing the four boilers with four or more propane- fired condensing boilers that operate at up to 96 percent efficient. Modular condensing boilers offer exceptional turn-down performance and will significantly reduce stack emissions. The installation requires review of the current heating system design and layout to make sure that the lower hot water operating temperature profile needed for efficient operations will work at the terminal building. The new installation also requires new combustion air and exhaust flues, typically constructed with PVC piping as well propane tanks and gas piping. 26

Findings and Recommendations for Lebanon City Buildings Next Step: We suggest reviewing the propane-fired condensing boiler option before moving forward with direct boiler replacements. Consult with a mechanical or heating contractor to obtain budget pricing. If necessary, Peregrine can provide outline technical specifications to be used to get design-build pricing from contractors.10.8 Turn Down Heat at Fire Station The airport’s fire first response fire vehicle is garaged on the tarmac in a separate building. The vehicle is checked once a week, otherwise the building is unoccupied. The building is reported to be kept at about 65oF during the winter. We recommend lowering the space temperature setpoint to 45oF. If necessary, install an engine block heater to ensure that the vehicle will start quickly. Next Steps: Review policy with staff and make the change.10.9 Add Programmable Thermostats in Garage The thermostats in the garage are conventional non-programmable type. We suggest replacing the thermostats with time of day and day of week programming capability. All thermostats should be setup to drop heating setpoints to 55oF at the end of the workday and then to raise setpoint about an hour or so before workers arrive. Next Step: Select new thermostats and install. Confer with staff to learn how HVAC systems perform during the morning warm-up periods so that an appropriate start time can be programmed to ensure comfort when staff arrive in the morning.10.10 Airseal Garage The garage facility has relatively poor thermal performance, as is typical with most metal sided shop buildings. It is usually difficult to justify significant investments required to make meaningful improvements on these types of low cost building structures. However, we noted several minor improvements that can be easily pursued: (1) there are gaps where unit heater flues pass through the wall; (2) exhaust fan dampers can be tightened or potentially sealed for the winter if the fan isn’t needed; and (3) there are several other wall penetration for electrical conduit, door/window frames, etc with minor gaps and it would be beneficial to go over the entire building with caulk or expanding foam to seal up all openings. Next Step: This work can be completed by City maintenance technician as time allows. The materials are common and not expensive. It wouldn’t hurt to bring in a qualified air sealing contractor to be coordinated with other airsealing scope in other City buildings.10.11 Other Opportunities Considered  Window Film: We suggest adding window film to restaurant windows. This should be considered when a new tenant is found and the restaurant resumes operations. 27

Findings and Recommendations for Lebanon City Buildings  Transformer Update: There is an electrical transformer in the Terminal’s main mechanical room that was observed to be operating at very high temperature. High heat generation is indicative of electrical losses. There are a number of high efficiency transformers available and replacement may provide benefit. Further review is recommended since justification for replacement will need to include other factors such as safety or reliability.  Baggage Area Door Interlock with Heating System: Consider interlocking baggage overhead door with local heating units; door open means heat is cut off until the door is closed again.  Limit Heater to Sand Area in Garage: Discontinue heating the maintenance building bay that contains sand. This sand is under cover and protected from the elements and should remain clump free without heating the area. We expect the space will remain well above freezing as heat from the adjacent bay migrates to the colder bay.11.0 Police StationLebanon’s Police Department is located on Glen Road outside of the city. The two level building wasopened in 1992. The facility includes patrol and detective areas, administration, dispatch, booking andcell area with Sallyport. There is also a training room and exercise area. The building is in use or instandby 24 hours a day. Administrative staff are at work from approximately 8 a.m. to 5 p.m.Detectives usually wrap up by 9 p.m. weekdays with some weekend activity.Building EnvelopeThis is a newer building with energy code compliant building shell features. We understand the attic isinsulated with blown cellulose. Windows are operable with thermal panes. Exterior door have excellentweather seals.HVACThis facility employs five single zone air handlers located together in an attic mechanical room. Eachunit has hot water and chilled water coils with three-way valves, except dispatch which has a split DXcoil for year-round cooling operation. There is a ductless split unit serving the communications room.This unit did not appear to be under control as the thermostat was set for 68oF and the room was at60oF with the unit operating in full cooling mode.Central Boiler PlantHeating hot water is supplied by two 460 MBH oil-fired Burham boilers. Domestic hot water isgenerated via indirect coil from the boiler plant. In the summer when the heating plant is down, anelectric unit provides domestic hot water.Chilled Water PlantChilled water is supplied to the air handlers by an approximately 30 ton packaged McQuay chillerlocated on a pad outside the mechanical room. There are two in-line chilled water pumps. One of thepumps was recently upsized to 5 hp and is used as the lead. The bigger pump solved several comfortissues in the building, although some areas still have issues. 28

Findings and Recommendations for Lebanon City BuildingsControlsThe building employs an older Barbara Coleman Network 8000 direct digital control system. Honeywellmaintains the system. There is a monitor in the mechanical room, but it doesn’t appear that site staffcan access and/or manage the system. We understand that two of the air handlers are scheduled offduring weekends. Otherwise, the system maintains continuous operations.LightingThis building uses T8 fluorescent lamps with electronic ballasts. All the lighting was updated under aPSNH program within the last five years. There are some motion sensors in the building. There may bebenefit to adding more sensors in select areas. Every other fixture in hallways has been de-energized tosave energy. Exterior lights (9) use what appear to be 250 watt metal halide pole-mount fixtures.Recommended OpportunitiesBased on our experience, typical EUI (Energy Use Index) for 24/7 police stations in New Hampshire rangefrom 90 to 130 kBtu/SF. This facility has an EUI of 121 kBtu/SF, which is fairly high, indicating potentialto reduce utility use. The electrical component is 75 kBtu/SF and the fuel oil component is 46 kBtu/SF.We have identified a number of updates which we believe will reduce energy use by up to 19 percent.Our ideas are presented in the table below and summarized after the table. Table 11 – Summary of Energy-Related Opportunities for the Police Station11.1 Install LED Exterior Lights There are nine metal halide parking lot fixtures. We recommend replacing these fixtures with new LED units that offer much better operating efficiency. New fixtures should include a timer feature to lower light level after midnight. Next Step: Obtain exact details on existing lighting systems, such as quantities, fixture type, wattage and design lumen output. We recommend integrating development of exterior lighting updates with recommended lighting projects in other facilities.11.2 Add Lighting Motion Sensors There is an opportunity to install lighting occupancy sensors in function rooms, bathrooms and potentially other intermittent use areas in the police station. Occupancy sensors automatically turn lights off when areas aren’t in use and are have adjustable sensitivity and time delays. 29

Findings and Recommendations for Lebanon City Buildings Next Step: Review all areas of the police station for possible motion sensors. Determine usage patterns and where the sensors will reduce lighting run time. We recommend coordinating occupancy sensor installations with the other recommended lighting work in the City.11.3 Resolve IT Room Air Conditioner Issues The computer room air conditioning system appears to be running at full capacity without control. The unit’s thermostat should be checked and controls replaced if necessary. We recommend maintaining this space at 68oF. Next Step: Check the air conditioners controls and fix as necessary.11.4 Schedule Air Handling Units Off at Night AHU-5 and AHU-7 are currently scheduled off during weekends. These units serve hallways, records and the chief’s offices. We recommend scheduling these units to shutdown daily once the majority of officers and support staff leave for the day. It may be possible to include AHU-6, serving detective area on a more limited shutdown schedule. We understand detectives are usually out of the building by 9 p.m. weekdays and only work limited hours on Saturdays. Next Step: Since staff cannot access the front end of the control system, the City will need to hire the controls contractor to make the schedule updates. This could probably be accomplished for minimal cost the next time the contractor is working in the building for other reasons.11.5 Update Controls Front End and Retro-Commission HVAC The Barbara Coleman System 8000 building automation system is antiquated, and equipment parts are no longer available. Staff are unable to use the DOS-based platform. The system must be updated to current technology in order to tune the building for better operating performance. A new user-friendly front end integrated to existing field devices (temperature sensors, damper actuators, valves, etc) will provide a significant improvement. We recommend a web-based platform with user various degrees of user access ranging from simple setpoint adjustments to full- on programming updates. Making setpoint or schedule changes as well as reviewing system functionality for troubleshooting purposes will be easy. It would make sense to select the same front end system for the Police Station as is selected for the City Hall. As part of this controls upgrade, all HVAC functionality sequences should be checked in a “retro- commissioning” effort. Retro-commissioning (RCxing) is a systematic review of an existing building control and mechanical systems. The purpose is to assure that the design intent is being met and/or that operations are consistent with current use. The goal is to achieve the best performance from existing system as possible. For example, there are inevitably field components that are not working properly in an existing building and RCxing will identify problem areas and resolutions. Air balancing should be considered if areas in the building remain difficult to control. RCxing is normally provided by a third party commissioning specialist in two or more phases. The first phase is “discovery” where the building is reviewed fairly quickly, but in enough detail to 30

Findings and Recommendations for Lebanon City Buildings develop a comprehensive RCxing plan, including target systems to be addressed and establishing testing and data collection procedures. The next phase involves detailed testing, data collection and diagnostic services which results in a list of specific recommendations to make improvements. Many changes can be implemented on the fly with the owner’s approval. Other recommendations may require the paid services of a controls programmer or contractor to replace defective components. Next Step: Develop appropriate requirements for new controls front end and the RCxing effort to meet the needs of the police stations. Peregrine is available to write outline specifications for controls and RCxing, as we have with many of our other clients.11.6 Update AHU-8 Ductwork to Free-Cool Dispatch AHU-8 serves the Police dispatch area. This unit has a DX coil and requires year-round cooling. We recommend updating ductwork in the mechanical area with the capacity to supply 100 percent outside air to AHU-8 as well as exhaust 100 percent of AHU-8’s return air. Upsizing ductwork and adding automated dampers will allow the unit to “free-cool” when outside temperatures are below roughly 65oF. When ambient temperature is less than approximately 55oF, there should be no need to use mechanical cooling. Since the DX coil is currently active during most of the winter, there is significant savings potential. Next Step: Further engineering review of AHU-8 and mechanical room layout is required to develop an initial design. Peregrine can provide additional technical services to develop an outline specification to be used to get pricing from multiple contractors.11.7 Other Opportunities Considered  Relocate File Cabinets Away from Fin Tube Radiation Sections: This update should improve comfort where heat is obstructed, but there will not be any energy savings.  Rebalance Air-Side HVAC: If retro-commissioning isn’t pursued (Section 11.5), we recommend hiring an air balancer to address some of the comfort complaints in the building that may be due to poor air distribution.12.0 Pumping StationLebanon’s municipal water treatment facility is located off Dartmouth College Highway and consists oftwo small buildings in a complex of underground tanks and pumping stations. The main buildingincludes the filter basins as well as administrative offices and water chemistry laboratory. The secondbuilding is known as the chemical building and sets over a retention tank. Chemicals are stored andadded to the water at this facility. The complex is generally manned from 7 a.m. to 3:30 p.m. weekdays.Staff work a minimum 3 hours over the weekend and on holidays.The station’s purpose is to draw water from the Mascoma River, clean and disinfect the river water topotable standards and then pump the water to a 2.25 million gallon reservoir located on top of an 31

Findings and Recommendations for Lebanon City Buildingsadjacent hill for distribution to the city. River water enters the system at the dam and passes through aclarifier basin to remove dirt and other particles in the water. Next the water is filtered in beds of sand,gravel and charcoal to remove smaller particulate. The water flows to two large retention tanks afterdisinfectants are added. Lebanon uses Sodium Hypochlorite and also adds fluoride. Processed water ispumped by one or two 150 hp turbine pumps to the elevated storage tank depending on systemdemand. There is also a third pump that is used as a standby back up. The main 150 hp pumps areequipped with variable speed drives and the standby is direct drive which should be upgraded with avariable speed drive to provide true redundancy.Building EnvelopeThe main building is brick. There isn’t any wall insulation and limited attic insulation. There are a fewoperable windows that have non-thermal glazing. The side door is badly rusted, but has a reasonableweather seal. In a facility report performed by Metcalf & Eddie (2006), it was recommended the doorsbe replaced.The chemical building is also brick with a flat concrete roof. It is unlikely that there is any wall insulation.It is probable that the roofing includes 1 to 2 inches of rigid insulation, but this was not confirmed. Thisbuilding has double pane windows. The window bays used to be larger but were nicely filled in withfoam paneling. As with the other building, the exterior doors are in rough shape, but appear to offerreasonable weather resistance.HVACThe main building employs a steam heating system via fan coil and unit heater in the filter room. Thereis an oil-fired HB Smith boiler that was installed in 1990. The boiler is rated at 275 MBH and appears tobe in fair condition. The fan coil in the main area of the building has a DX coil that provides airconditioning.The chemical building is also steam heated via 233 MH propane-fired Burnham boiler. There are severalunit heaters in the various rooms with independent thermostats.ControlsThe buildings use local thermostats to control HVAC units. Temperature in main building, excluding thefilter area which is set at 60, is generally kept near 70oF and the systems are reported to be providingreasonable comfort. The air conditioning unit has been prone to freezing up this year, when unoccupiedthe thermostat is programmed to 75oF. Heating set point is thermostatically controlled to drop to 60oFwhen the building is unoccupied. The chemical building is kept in the 60’s during the winter to keepchemicals from absorbing moisture and clumping. However, these chemicals regularly clump up duringthe summer due to humidity.LightingThese building use T8 fluorescent lamps with electronic ballasts. There are no occupancy sensors, butstaff appear to diligently turn lights off when they leave for the day. There are a few HID exterior lights. 32

Findings and Recommendations for Lebanon City BuildingsRecommended OpportunitiesUtility use and cost at the water treatment facility is dominated by process pumping, which has beenequipped with high efficiency motors and variable speed drive controls and can’t be improved further.For our effort, we focused on the building thermal shell, mechanical systems and lighting. Potentialmeasures are presented in the table below and summarized after the table. Table 12 – Summary of Energy-Related Opportunities for the Water Treatment Facility12.1 Install LED Exterior Lights There are several HID outside lights at this facility. Assuming these lights are required for security, we recommend replacing these fixtures with new LED units that offer much better operating efficiency. New fixtures should include a timer feature to lower light level later in the evening or whenever staff feel is safe. Next Step: Determine which lamps are required to operate and obtain exact details them, such as quantities, fixture type, wattage and design lumen output. We recommend integrating development of exterior lighting updates with the recommended lighting projects at other Lebanon facilities.12.2 Add Lighting Motion Sensor Controls There is an opportunity to install lighting occupancy sensors in the water filter area and potentially office and chemical storage area depending on how often lights are left on when staff aren’t working in these areas during the course of the day. Next Step: Review all areas of the water treatment facility for possible motion sensors. Determine usage patterns and where the sensors will reduce lighting run time. We recommend coordinating occupancy sensor installations with the other recommended lighting work in the City.12.3 Airseal Main Building and Consider Updating Insulation The main building is reported to be drafty during the winter. There are visible breaks in the thermal barrier and attic insulation is suspect. We recommend airsealing to tighten the building shell. For example: seal electrical outlets, attention to wall penetrations – especially around the roof and in the basement, and inspect attic insulation to determine if it is adequate. 33

Findings and Recommendations for Lebanon City Buildings Next Step: We recommend bringing in a qualified air sealing contractor to conduct the first diagnostic phase of an air sealing effort. This will entail conducting a blower door test and/or infrared scans of the building envelope to determine where there might be voids and/or poor insulation properties. Easy improvements, such as sealing gaps with expanding foam and/or caulking are usually tackled at this point. We already know that the attic may need to be insulated, so this scope can be included in the initial airseal contract for investigation. There may be additional discoveries during the airseal process. The contractor can provide a supplemental proposal for any additional weatherization that is needed.12.4 Replace Oil-Fired Boiler with Propane Unit The main building’s oil-fired steam boiler is beyond its expected service life. Replacement will probably be required within five or so years. Direct replacement oil or propane fired steam boilers do not provide a significant theoretical efficiency improvement over the current boiler since cast iron sectional boilers remain fundamentally the same. However, most vintage boilers with older burner technology operate at combustion efficiencies in the 70’s, whereas a new boiler operates at up to 86 percent efficient (full-load). For a direct replacement project, we recommend converting to propane fired equipment. Propane cost less than oil at this time and burns much cleaner and there is abundant space to install a second propane storage tank. Prior to changing the boiler, we suggest considering converting to a high efficiency hot water heating system. Further evaluation is required, but most steam to hot water conversion projects entail new piping, heating coils, and pumping systems. These projects tend to be expensive, but the advantage of a hot water heating system is that it will have much better temperature control and a simpler less maintenance intensive system. Furthermore, modern hot water condensing boilers operate at up to 96 percent efficient providing a significant utility savings. Next Step: We suggest comparing the benefits and costs of installing a propane-fired direct steam boiler replacement versus installing a new high efficiency hot water plant. The economic values presented in Table 12 are for the less expensive direct replacement option. Savings values will double for high efficiency hot water system. Peregrine can provide additional technical support to help evaluate boiler replacement options and to help the city obtain budget and/or fixed price contractor proposals.12.5 Other Opportunities Considered  Add Separating Wall or Vinyl Strips in Filter Room: This idea was suggested in a prior energy audit as a means to segregate occupied and unoccupied space in the filter room, which is heated to about 60oF in the winter. Upon review of the layout, it appears to be technically challenging to install a separation wall due to location of lighting fixtures, ceiling fans and HVAC ducts. While this could be done, we fear the cost would be prohibitive. If staff can make changes and 34

Findings and Recommendations for Lebanon City Buildings add a wall themselves, this idea has merit. The filter side of the building probably doesn’t need to be heated due to high volume of water.  Lower Setpoint in the Chemical Building to 40oF: During the walk through, there was a discussion of the chemical building space temperature setpoint since the building is only occupied briefly during working hours. We understand that the space temperature is kept in the 60’s to prevent chemicals from clumping. At the time, we talked about keeping the bagged dry chemical product wrapped in plastic until time of use to protect it from absorbing moisture. Feedback since our tour has revealed that the pallets remain wrapped until use and that the clumping occurs when the product is in the hoppers. The building sits over top of six flocculation chambers filled with water, and this greatly adds to the humidity in the space. Other input indicates that chemical manufacturers suggest keeping the product at about 60oF and that storage of Sodium Carbonate below room temperature allows hydration which leads to clumping. Therefore, based on our discussions, it does not seem that there is a simple solution that will be agreeable to plant staff. We suggest keeping an open mind to any other procedural options that would minimize exposure time of opened chemical bags in the building, keeping in mind the escalating cost of propane and need to meet energy conservation goals.13. Transfer StationLebanon’s Transfer Station and landfill facility is located on North Plainfield Road. The facility consists ofthree buildings: maintenance building, transfer station, and gatehouse. The maintenance facility is ahigh bay butler building used to garage and maintain support vehicles and equipment. This building wasopened in 2002. The building includes a small administrative area with offices, break room andbathroom. There is a mezzanine above this area used for storage and mechanical equipment including a10 hp air compressor.The Transfer Station is an unheated building where recyclable materials are transferred to trucks. Thereis a 20 hp hydraulic cardboard compactor in this area that is on most of the time. The gatehouse is asmall administrative trailer where staff check-in and register weight of vehicles accessing the landfill.The facility is open to the public 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. weekdays and 8 a.m. to 2 p.m. on Saturdays.Building EnvelopeMaintenance Building: The maintenance building is steel framed with metal siding and interior blanketinsulation. There is a fiberglass section around the perimeter that allows some natural light to enter thebuilding at the expense of a poor thermal barrier. Overhead doors (8) appear to be in good condition;however, the weather seals could use some attention. There is a 1½ hp exhaust fan that appears tohave poor closing dampers and may be a source of heat loss in the winter.Transfer Station: The only section of the transfer station that is heated is a small office and it appears tohave blanket insulation at roof deck level well above dropped ceiling. There is probably insulationbehind the walls.Gatehouse: The gatehouse appears to have limited insulation and thermally poor performing windows. 35

Findings and Recommendations for Lebanon City BuildingsHVAC and ControlsMaintenance Building: This facility is hydronically heated. There is a Weil McLain oil-fired boiler ratedat 886 MBH. Hot water is distributed by one of two 1/3 hp circulation pumps (one standby). The plantis controlled by a Tekmar controller that activates the boiler and pump when outdoor conditionswarrant heating. The administrative area is conditioned by a small split DX air handler located on themezzanine. All HVAC systems are controlled by local thermostats.Transfer Station: The office is heated by electric baseboard with local thermostat. The heater is unableto keep up in the winter and the office is reported to be uncomfortably cold. The unit is left on full heatoutput for most of the winter.Gatehouse: This trailer building is heated by factory heat pump. We presume the unit is backed up withelectric resistance heating for cold temperature operations. There is a single non-programmablethermostat.LightingThe maintenance building employs what appears to be 400 watt metal halide fixtures in the open bayand 150 watt exterior lights. The transfer station uses what are probably metal halide fixtures whichhave dramatically yellowed with age (otherwise they are high pressure sodium lamps). Balance oflighting systems is T8 fluorescent except in the gatehouse which is older T12 fluorescent technology.There doesn’t appear to be any use of motion sensors at this complex.Recommended OpportunitiesA large portion of electricity use at the transfer station is associated with the cardboard compactor. Wedo not have data to compare this facility with other similar facilities in New Hampshire as this is a fairlyunique operation. There are obvious lighting improvement opportunities and a few other savings idealisted in the Table below. We briefly discuss conservation opportunities following the table. Table 13 – Summary of Energy-Related Opportunities for the Transfer Station13.1 Update Interior Lighting The transfer station has metal halide in the garage and some form of HID lighting in the transfer station processing area. These lighting fixtures can be replaced with new T5 fluorescent fixtures that operate more efficiently and look better. Another advantage of fluorescent light is the ability for lights to come on immediately versus waiting several minutes for HID lamps to warm up. The 36

Findings and Recommendations for Lebanon City Buildings warm up period isn’t normally much of an issue, but staff tend to turn these types of lights on and leave them on continuously until the very end of the day to avoid the warm up lag period. In fact, there may be periods of time during the work day when people aren’t working in the bay areas and lights can be turned off. In addition, there are T12 lamps in the weight station office that should be updated to T8s, as well as a few incandescent lamps that should be replaced by CFLs. We suggest adding an occupancy sensor in the break room of the garage and also in bathrooms. Next Step: Conduct a full lighting survey and fixture count. We recommend using a qualified lighting contractor who will provide this service at no cost and will subsequently generate a fixed price proposal for new T5 fixtures, potential rewiring and/or lighting level adjustments and other lighting updates. Peregrine can assist by sourcing contractor(s) and reviewing proposals.13.2 Seal Exhaust Fan for Winter or Replace Damper The garage facility has a large exhaust fan on the mezzanine. Daylight is clearly visible through the closed louvers. Given the high location of the fan, the gaps in these dampers will let a considerable amount of cold air in/out during the winter depending on wind and other opening in the building. Assuming this fan isn’t needed in the winter, we recommend sealing the outside of damper section with plastic. Otherwise we recommend replacing the damper assembly with a model that uses gasketed weather-tight dampers. Next Step: Consider winter requirements and seal the damper if appropriate. In our cost estimate, we’re assuming staff can seal the damper themselves (no cost). If this is not possible, invite local mechanical contractors to bid on new damper assembly which will likely cost $2,000 or more to install.13.3 Add Programmable Thermostats for Night Reset The thermostats in the transfer station buildings are conventional non-programmable type. We suggest replacing the thermostats with time of day and day of week programming capability. All thermostats should be setup to drop heating setpoints to 55oF at the end of the workday and then to raise setpoint about an hour or so before workers and the public arrive. There is no point in updating the transfer station office thermostat until that heating system is capable of heating the space. Our suggestion to add insulation may solve this problem (See Section 13.5 below). Next Step: Select new thermostats and install. Confer with staff to learn how HVAC systems perform during the morning warm-up periods so that an appropriate start time can be programmed to ensure comfort when buildings are opened in the morning.13.4 Replace Failed Overhead Door Weather Seals There are eight overhead doors at the maintenance facility. These doors are weatherized models that are insulated and include weather stripping around the perimeter of the door frame. There are 37