United States Coast Pilot 2 Atlantic Coast - Cape Cod, MA to Sandy Hook, NJ 2003

Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen South Coast of Long Island I Chapter 10 I 345 South Coast of Long Island (1) This chapter describes the south coast of Long Is- western end of Coney Island in the Lower Bay of New land from Shinnecock Inlet to and including East York Harbor. It is a clear shore and may be safely ap- Rockaway Inlet; several other inlets making into the proached as close as 1 mile with not less than 30 feet beach along this part of the coast; and the canals, bays, anywhere between Montauk Point and Rockaway Inlet, and tributaries inside the beach. Also described are the except off Fire Island Inlet and the inlet’s westward side towns of Patchogue and Oceanside, including Ocean- where the shore should be given a berth of at least 1.5 side oil terminals; Bay Shore, a large fishing center; miles. When viewed from seaward it presents only a few and the many smaller communities which support a prominent features. It is composed of a series of sand large small-craft activity. dunes backed by low dark woods. (7) Shinnecock, Moriches, Great South, and (2) Eelgrass is found in most of the waters described in Hempstead Bays are inside the beach along the south this chapter. Eelgrass nets are often placed at the en- coast of Long Island and form an inside route for boats trances to canals and are sometimes difficult to see. of about 3-foot draft. The three main inlets from the sea to these bays are Fire Island Inlet, Jones Inlet, and East (3) Fishtrap areas are in Moriches, Shinnecock, Tiana, Rockaway Inlet. These inlets and all auxiliary channels Quantuck, and Great South Bays. within the south coast of Long Island have numerous wrecks, obstructions, frequent and extensive changes, (4) The lines established for this part of the coast are and, although marked in many areas, should not be described in 80.160, chapter 2. used without local knowledge. (8) Two small inlets, Shinnecock Inlet and Moriches (5) The south coast of Long Island is open to weather Inlet, which broke through in 1938 and 1931, respec- from the south and southeast, but somewhat sheltered tively, are also used by small boats for entrance to these to the west through north. Waves of 8 feet (>2.5 m) or bays, but their use is not advisable without local knowl- more are most likely in winter when they may be en- edge. countered about 6 to 10 percent of the time near the coast. During this period gales are encountered less (9) Shinnecock Canal, 31.5 miles southwestward of than 5 percent of the time but are more likely a few Montauk Point, is about 1 mile long and connects hundred miles out to sea. Fogs are more apt to occur in Great Peconic Bay with Shinnecock Bay. The canal is late spring and early summer with Ambrose Light re- owned and maintained by Suffolk County of New York. cording a June maximum. Visibilities of less than 2 It is a partly dredged cut and is protected at the north miles are observed about 5 to 10 percent of the time entrance by two jetties; the east jetty is marked by a from May through July. These frequencies are higher at light. In April 1985, the east timber jetty was reported the eastern end in May and June and between to be deteriorating. Protruding timbers and floating Westhampton and Ambrose in July. Locally, debris may be encountered; caution is advised. A lock Shinnecock Inlet is particularly rough when southerly about midway in the canal is 250 feet long, 41 feet wide, winds climb to 15 knots or more during ebb tide; break- with a depth of 12 feet over the sills. Tide gates are par- ers fill the entrance. allel to and westward of the lock. The lock gates and tide gates are constructed so that tidal action opens (6) The south coast of Long Island has a general trend them to allow the current to set south through the ca- of 247° for 68 miles from Montauk Point to Fire Island nal and closes them to prevent water from Shinnecock Inlet, and thence trends 263° for 36 miles to the Bay to flow back into Great Peconic Bay. The lock gates are tended 24 hours and are opened mechanically when the tidal current is flowing northward to allow the Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:22 PM

Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen 346 I Chapter 10 I South Coast of Long Island passage of boats. Red and green traffic lights are at each (17) The lines established for Shinnecock Inlet are de- end of the lock. Vessels are allowed to enter the lock scribed in 80.160, chapter 2. only on the green signal. (10) The fixed bridges and overhead power cables across (18) Shinnecock Light (40°50'31\"N., 72°28'42\"W.), 75 the canal have a least clearance of 22 feet. feet above the water, is shown from a red skeleton tower Mast-stepping cranes are available at both ends of the on the west side of the inlet. A fog signal is at the light. canal. Private lights are on the jetties at the entrance to the inlet, and uncharted buoys mark the channel. (11) The maximum recorded current is 4.3 knots, southerly, through the lock and tide gates at peak flow (19) The jetties extend about 120 yards beyond the when the gates are open. At the railroad bridge, the lights marking them. There are small-craft facilities current has an average speed of 1.5 knots, but it has just westward of Shinnecock Light. Berths, gasoline, been reported that greater speeds may be experienced. diesel fuel, water, ice, and some marine supplies are (See Tidal Current Tables for predictions.) At times of available. high southerly current i.e., when the gates are open, there exists a dangerous eddy system extending from (20) A fish haven and a U.S. Naval Oceanographic plat- the south end of the lock southerly for approximately form painted orange and white, are about 2.4 miles 200 yards. Tidal currents throughout the entire canal south and 3.4 miles south-southwestward, respec- can be dangerous; caution is advised. tively, of Shinnecock Inlet entrance. (12) A 5 mph speed limit is enforced in the canal. (21) Ponquogue Point, low and sandy, is 1.2 miles (13) On the east side of Shinnecock Canal just south of northwestward of Shinnecock Light. The west channel from inside Shinnecock Inlet enters the Long Island the jetties is a boat basin in which the depth ranges Intracoastal Waterway southeast of the point and has a from 7 to 10 feet. There are several small-craft facilities depth of about 8 feet. The Ponquogue Bridge, a high- on both sides of the canal. (See the small-craft facilities way bridge crossing Shinnecock Bay at Ponquogue tabulation on chart 12352 for services and supplies Point, has a fixed span with a clearance of 55 feet. available.) (14) Hampton Bays, a station on the Long Island Rail- (22) Shinnecock Coast Guard Station is on Ponquogue road just west of Shinnecock Canal, is the nearest post Point. An antenna tower, 229 feet above the water and office. Canoe Place, the settlement at the canal, has marked by red lights, is also on the point. gasoline and some supplies. Small craft and fishing ves- sels berth in the basins along both sides of the canal. (23) Entrances to the small coves on the northeast side (15) Long Island Intracoastal Waterway.–A Federal and the east end of Shinnecock Bay have depths of project provides for a 6-foot channel from Shinnecock about 3 feet. Canal to Great South Bay. The cuts provide an inland waterway along the south side of Long Island. This wa- (24) There are numerous small-craft facilities along the terway, from the south end of Shinnecock Canal to a shore and in the creeks making into the north shore of point in Great South Bay opposite Patchogue, a dis- Shinnecock Bay from Ponquogue Point to West Point, tance of about 29.2 miles, is subject to frequent shoal- the eastern entrance point to Tiana Bay. (See the ing; mariners are advised to obtain local knowledge. small-craft facilities tabulation on chart 12352 for ser- (16) Shinnecock Inlet, 31 miles westward from vices and supplies available.) Montauk Point along the south coast of Long Island, is the easternmost entrance from the Atlantic to (25) Pine Neck, 2.3 miles westward of Ponquogue Point Shinnecock Bay and the inland water route along the and on the west side of Tiana Bay, is low, flat, and sandy. south shore of Long Island. The approach to the inlet is A shoal extends southward from Pine Neck Point and is marked by a lighted whistle buoy. The inlet should not marked on the south end by a lighted buoy. About 0.5 be attempted without local knowledge because of the mile east of Pine Neck, a privately dredged channel frequent changes in channel depths. Tidal currents marked by private buoys leads to a basin at Tiana through the inlet can be dangerous; caution is advised. Beach, a small summer resort on the south side of In January 1988, an obstruction was reported about Shinnecock Bay. In July 1981, depths of about 2 feet 175 yards east of Shinnecock Inlet West Breakwater were reported in the channel and basin. Light 1. (26) Weesuck Creek, on the north side near the western end of Shinnecock Bay, is entered through a privately dredged channel that leads to the head of the cove at East Quogue. In April 1999, the channel, marked by private seasonal buoys, had a reported controlling depth of about 5 feet. There are two boatyards on the west side near the head of the creek. Berths, electricity, water, marine supplies, storage facilities, and lifts to 30 Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:23 PM

Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen South Coast of Long Island I Chapter 10 I 347 tons are available. The largest marine railway can han- controlling depth in the entrance channel and in the dle craft up to 65 feet in length; hull and engine repairs three branches was 7 feet. Private seasonal buoys mark can be made. the entrance channel to the fork and the channel in (27) Quogue Canal connects Shinnecock Bay with East Branch to the small-craft facilities just inside the Quantuck Bay. The canal is crossed by a highway bas- entrance. cule bridge with a clearance of 15 feet and by overhead (35) A landing at Eastport is on the point just above the power and TV cables with clearances of 75 feet. (See fork between East Branch and Seatuck Creek. In June 117.1 through 117.59 and 117.799 (a) through (d), 1981, depths of 2 to 3 feet were reported at the landing. chapter 2, for drawbridge regulations.) A 5 mph speed Gasoline, berths, electricity, water, ice, and storage are limit is enforced in the canal. available at the small-craft facilities on East Branch. (28) Quantuck Bay joins Quogue Canal with Quantuck Lifts to 15 tons can handle craft for engine and hull re- Canal. Quantuck Creek, at the head of the bay, is pairs. Depths of 3 feet are reported alongside. A water crossed by a fixed bridge, which is the head of naviga- tank close northwestward at the head of Seatuck Creek tion except for small pulling boats. is prominent. (29) Quantuck Canal connects Quantuck Bay and (36) Hart Cove, westward of Seatuck Cove, is entered Moriches Bay. The canal is crossed by two highway bas- through a privately dredged channel, marked by pri- cule bridges with a least clearance of 10 feet. (See vate seasonal buoys, that leads to the head of the cove. 117.1 through 117.59 and 117.799 (a) through (d), In June 1981, the channel had a reported controlling chapter 2, for drawbridge regulations). The overhead depth of 4 feet. Small-craft facilities are near the head power cable at Potunk Point has a clearance of 77 feet. on the west side of the cove. Gasoline, water, ice, stor- A 5 mph speed limit is enforced in the canal. age, marine supplies, a launching ramp, and a 30-ton (30) About 300 yards northeastward of the bridge at mobile hoist are available; hull and engine repairs can Potunk Point, a privately dredged channel leads to a be made. yacht basin at Westhampton Beach. The channel is (37) Tuthill Cove, locally known as West Cove, on the along the west bank in the bight and is marked by pri- north side of Moriches Bay, 1.5 miles westward of vate seasonal lights and buoys. A dredged cut leads up Seatuck Cove, is entered through a privately dredged to Main Street in Westhampton Beach. A reported and partially marked channel that leads to the head of depth of about 4 feet can be carried to the yacht basin the cove; in June 1981, the channel had a reported con- just before reaching the Stevens Lane Bridge, which trolling depth of 4 feet. Several privately dredged chan- has a fixed span with a clearance of about 7 feet. Berths, nels lead from the main channel to small-craft facilities electricity, and a launching ramp are at the yacht basin. on the east side of the cove. (See the small-craft facili- Gasoline, ice, and marine supplies are available at a ma- ties tabulation on chart 12352 for services and supplies rina on the east bank of the bight; engine and hull re- available.) A Coast Guard Station is on the east side of pairs can be made. A forklift can handle craft to 6 tons. the entrance to Tuthill Cove. East Moriches is on the In June 1981, a reported depth of 2 feet was available at north side of the cove. the marina. (38) Tuthill Point is on the west side of the entrance to (31) Moriches Bay extends for about 8 miles from Tuthill Cove. Quantuck Canal to Narrow Bay and provides an inside (39) Moriches Inlet, 44 miles westward of Montauk passage for small boats. The general depths in the bay Point, is a shallow entrance from seaward to the deeper range from 5 to 7 feet, but the southern part is shoal. water in Moriches Bay. The jettied entrance is subject (32) When navigating the Long Island Intracoastal Wa- to frequent change. Mariners are advised not to at- terway through Moriches Bay northeast of Moriches tempt to navigate this inlet at any time without local Inlet, extreme care must be taken due to changing knowledge. Both east and west jetties are marked by a shoaling conditions. light. (33) Speonk Point, near the eastern end of Moriches (40) A fish haven, marked by a buoy, is about 2.5 miles Bay on the north shore, is marked by several south-southwestward of Moriches Inlet East Breakwa- bulkheaded jetties and a prominent flagstaff. ter Light. (34) Seatuck Cove, on the north side of Moriches Bay, about 1 mile westward of Speonk Point, is entered (41) The lines established for Moriches Inlet are de- through a privately dredged channel that leads north- scribed in 80.160, chapter 2. ward for about 1.1 miles and then forks into three branch channels: East Branch, the easterly branch; (42) Fire Island extends west from Moriches Inlet for Seatuck Creek, the northerly branch; and Little about 28 miles along the south shore of Long Island to Seatuck Creek, the westerly branch. In June 1981, the Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:23 PM

Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen 348 I Chapter 10 I South Coast of Long Island Fire Island Inlet. With the exception of the State park and a 15-ton mobile hoist; hull, engine, and electrical occupying its westernmost 4.6 miles, all of Fire Island repairs can be made. is part of the Fire Island National Seashore. (49) Narrow Bay extends for about 3 miles from (43) Orchard Neck Creek, 1.7 miles west of Tuthill Moriches Bay to Bellport Bay, and provides a continua- Point, is extensively used by local small craft as a moor- tion of the inside passage for small boats. The bridge ing basin. A reported depth of about 3 feet is available to across the bay eastward of Smith Point has a bascule the head of navigation. A private seasonal lighted buoy span with a clearance of 18 feet. (See 117.1 through marks the entrance. A small-craft facility is on the west 117.59 and 117.799 (a) through (d), chapter 2, for side of the creek near its head. Gasoline, water, marine drawbridge regulations.) Caution is recommended supplies, and a 12-ton lift are available; hull and engine when in the vicinity of the bridge because of the piling repairs can be made. In June 1981, a depth of about 2 near the channel. The bridge is an excellent radar tar- feet was reported alongside the facility. get from 5 to 10 miles. (44) Areskonk Creek, immediately westward of Orchard (50) Bellport Bay extends for about 3 miles from Nar- Neck Creek, is used as a harbor by yachtsmen. A pri- row Bay to Great South Bay and provides a continua- vately dredged channel, marked by private seasonal tion of the inside passage for small boats. The bay is buoys, leads to the head of the creek. In June 1981, the shoal in its southern part, but has depths of 5 to 7 feet channel had a reported controlling depth of 8 feet. in the northern part. (45) Senix Creek, 0.6 mile westward of Orchard Neck (51) Carmans River, on the northeast side of Bellport Creek, has a narrow entrance. With local knowledge, a Bay, has a depth of about 2 feet through the entrance. reported depth of about 4 feet can be carried in the Sometimes bush stakes are placed on each of the shoals channel to about 0.5 mile above the entrance. A private making off from the points at the entrance. Enter in lighted buoy marks the entrance. Small-craft facilities midriver between these stakes, favor the east side for a near the head of the creek have berths, electricity, stor- distance of 0.5 mile, and then follow midriver; caution age, and a 6-ton lift; hull and engine repairs can be is advised. The river, marked at the entrance by private made. A marine railway can haul out vessels up to 32 seasonal lighted buoys, is entered between Long Point feet in length. on the west and Sandy Point on the east. Some of the (46) Mud (West Senix) Creek, to westward of Senix land areas on both sides of the river just above the en- Creek, had a reported controlling depth of about 5 feet trance are part of the Werthein National Wildlife Ref- in June 1981. The creek is used mostly by local resi- uge; landing is not permitted. A 5 mph speed limit is dents. A marina on the east side of the creek near the enforced on the river. A small-craft facility is on the head has berthage, electricity, gasoline, water, and a west side of the river about 0.6 mile above the entrance. 15-ton lift; hull and engine repairs can be made. Electricity, water, some marine supplies, a 12-ton lift, (47) Forge River, at the northwest end of Moriches Bay and storage facilities are available; hull and engine re- about 0.5 mile westward of the common entrance to pairs can be made. Senix and Mud Creeks, is entered through a privately (52) Beaverdam Creek, on the north side of Bellport Bay dredged channel that leads to the town dock and turn- about 1.5 miles westward of Carmans River, is entered ing basin at Mastic, about 1.5 miles above the entrance, through a privately dredged approach channel marked thence for about 0.2 mile to the head of navigation. In by private seasonal buoys. In August 1999, the channel June 1981, the reported controlling depths were 4 feet has a reported controlling depth of 7 feet. A small-craft from the entrance to opposite Old Neck Creek, thence facility is at the head of the creek and can provide about 6 feet to and in the basin, thence 6 feet to the berths, storage, supplies, and a 30-ton lift; engine re- head of navigation. Favor the east side of the channel at pairs can be made. the entrance. The channel is marked to the turning ba- (53) The wharf of a yacht club is on the northwest side of sin by private seasonal lighted and unlighted buoys. Bellport Bay at the town of Bellport, about 0.5 mile The town dock is available only to the local residents, westward of the entrance to Beaverdam Creek. In June however, overnight transient berths are available. 1981, depths of 6 to 8 feet were reported in the basin be- (48) Old Neck Creek empties into the easterly side of hind the wharf with about 2½ to 3 feet alongside. Water Forge River about 0.5 mile above the entrance. A pri- and a launching ramp are available. A seasonal passen- vately dredged channel leads from the river to the head ger ferry operates between the yacht club and Bellport of the creek. In June 1981, the channel had a reported Beach on Fire Island. controlling depth of 7 feet. A marina, just inside the (54) A dockmaster manages the village dock adjacent to easterly entrance to the creek, has berths, gasoline, wa- the yacht club. ter, ice, marine supplies, a small-craft launching ramp, (55) Great South Bay, on the south shore of Long Is- land, extends from Bellport Bay on the east to South Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:23 PM

Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen South Coast of Long Island I Chapter 10 I 349 Oyster Bay on the west. It is about 20 miles long and (60) Patchogue, on Patchogue River, is the principal about 4 miles across its widest part. It can be entered town on Great South Bay. Depths at the wharves and through Fire Island Inlet, from Great Peconic Bay via piers at Patchogue range from 3 to 9 feet. the inside route, and from westward through Hempstead Bay. The southeast and southwest portions (61) Passenger ferry service, summer only, is main- of the bay are shoal. The central portion has, for the tained from Patchogue to Davis Park and Watch Hill most part, depths ranging from 6½ to 10 feet. In March on Fire Island. 1979, severe shoaling to a least depth of ½ foot was re- ported in many of the channels in Great South Bay. (62) Several marinas and boatyards are on both sides of Lights, daybeacons, and lighted and unlighted buoys the river at Patchogue. (See the small-craft facilities mark the channels. tabulation on chart 12352 for services and supplies (56) The Long Island U.S. Courthouse (40°45'35\"N., available.) 73°11'25\"W.), is a prominent feature in East Islip. The building is rectangular with a cone-shaped entrance (63) Corey Creek, 0.6 mile westward of Patchogue River, and is constructed of white and gray panels and is 281 is entered between two jetties each marked by a private feet high; reported to be visible from 20 miles offshore. seasonal light. In June 1981, depths of 3 feet were avail- (57) Abets Creek and Mud Creek, on the northeast side able in the creek. A marina, on the east side of the creek of Great South Bay, had reported depths of 4 feet in just inside the entrance, has berths, electricity, gaso- 1981 and 6 feet in April 1999, respectively. The en- line, marine supplies, water, ice, storage, and a 16-ton trance to each creek is marked by a private seasonal lift; hull, engine, and electronic repairs can be made. lighted buoy and stakes. A 5-mph speed limit is en- Depths of 5 feet were reported at the marina in Septem- forced in Abets Creek. Small-craft facilities in the ber 1985. creeks can provide berths, gasoline, water, storage, and hull and engine repairs. A 7-ton marine railway is avail- (64) Brown Creek, locally known as Browns River, 3 able in Abets Creek, and mobile lifts up to 30 tons are miles westward of Patchogue, is entered between two available in Mud Creek. Diesel fuel, ice, and a pumpout short jetties extending out to a depth of about 4 feet. station are available in Mud Creek. The jetties are marked by lights. In April 2000, the (58) Swan River, about 0.4 mile westward of Mud Creek, midchannel controlling depth in the dredged channel is entered through a privately dredged channel that was 2 feet from Great South Bay to the upstream limit leads to the head of navigation about 1 mile above the of the project; thence in 1993, 2 feet at midchannel to a mouth. In 1981, the channel had a reported controlling point about 0.3 mile below the Sayville Highway depth of 4 feet. In September 1985, a shoal was re- Bridge; thence in 1971, with local knowledge, about 2 ported to be encroaching from the west side of the feet to the head of navigation at the bridge. In 1976, a channel at the mouth of the river. A private seasonal large rock, covered 6½ feet, was reported at the en- lighted buoy marks the entrance, and poles mark the trance to the dredged channel. Local interests advise channel above the entrance. Several small-craft facili- that mariners steer a centerline course from a point ties are on Swan River. (See the small-craft facilities about 0.75 mile south of the jetty light through the en- tabulation on chart 12352 for services and supplies trance channel. available.) (59) Patchogue River, on the north side of Great South (65) There are several small-craft facilities on the creek. Bay, 3.7 miles west of Bellport and 0.9 mile westward of Berths, electricity, gasoline, diesel fuel, water, marine Swan River, is entered through a dredged channel that supplies, mobile hoists to 80 tons, and hull and engine leads from Great South Bay, thence through repairs are available. A marine railway can handle ves- Patchogue Bay, and thence to the head of river naviga- sels to 15 feet long. tion about 1 mile above the mouth. In Janu- ary-February 2002, the midchannel controlling depth (66) Passenger ferry service, summer only, is available was 3.3 feet to the head of navigation. The channel is from Sayville to Fire Island Pines, Sailors Haven, marked by a lighted and unlighted buoys from the bay Cherry Grove, and Barrett Beach on Fire Island. to the jettied entrance. The west side of the entrance is protected by a breakwater with a private light on the (67) Green Creek, about 1 mile west of Brown Creek, is outer end, and the east side by a bulkhead and short used by many clam boats. Depths of about 5 feet were jetty extending southward from it; a private light is reported available in the creek in 1981. Mariners are near the end of the jetty. advised to use care when entering the creek, especially during strong southwest winds. Inside the creek, gaso- line, water, marine supplies, storage, a 30-ton lift, and complete hull, engine, and electronic repairs are avail- able. A 4-mph speed limit is enforced in the creek. Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:23 PM

Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen 350 I Chapter 10 I South Coast of Long Island (68) Green Harbor is a privately maintained two-part privately dredged and marked channel with a depth of harbor just westward of the entrance to Green Creek. about 4 feet leads from Great South Bay to a seasonally The entrance to the outer basin and the connecting operated marina at which berthing, water, ice, and channel between the outer and inner basins are very some supplies are available. A seasonal passenger ferry narrow. In September 1985, depths were reported to be operates between Sailors Haven and Sayville. about 6 feet. Limited berthing is available in the outer basin. A boatyard is in the inner basin. (76) Islip is on the south side of Long Island just inland from Great South Bay and opposite the Fire Island Na- (69) Connetquot River, locally known as Great River, is tional Seashore, about halfway between New York city 3 miles westward of Brown Creek. In June 1981, a re- and Montauk Point. ported depth of 5 feet (with local knowledge) could be carried from Nicoll Bay to the boatyards on the east (77) At Islip the average annual temperature is 53°F side of the river, thence about 2 feet to the head of navi- (11.7°C). The average high is 61°F (16.1°C) and the av- gation at the railroad; favor the east bank of the river erage low is 44°F (6.7°C). July is the warmest month above the boatyards. A shoal with depths of 2 feet ex- with an average high of 82°F (27.8°C) and an average tends northeast from Nicoll Island on the southwest low of 67°F (19.4°C). January is the coolest month with side of the river entrance. A private light marks the en- an average high of 39°F (3.9°C) and an average low of trance to the river. A prominent mansion with a tower, 24°F (-4.4°C). The warmest temperature on record for now part of a private school, is on the north shore of the Islip is 101°F (38.3°C) recorded in July 1991 and the entrance. coldest temperature on record is -7°F (-21.7°C) re- corded in January 1984. On average, seven days each (70) There are several small-craft facilities on the east year record high temperatures in excess of 90°F side of the river. (See the small-craft facilities tabula- (32.2°C) and 98 days record minimum temperatures tion on chart 12352 for services and supplies available.) below 32°F (0°C). An average of only two days each year Great River is a village on the west side of the river. has an extreme minimum below 5°F (-15°C). (71) Watch Hill, part of Fire Island National Seashore, is (78) Precipitation is both moderate and distributed across Great South Bay from Patchogue. A privately evenly throughout the year. August is the wettest dredged channel with a reported depth of 3 feet in Au- month with an average precipitation total of five inches gust 1999, leads from Great South Bay to a seasonally (127 mm) and February the driest with just over three operated marina. The channel is marked by private sea- inches (76 mm). Average annual precipitation is about sonal lighted buoys and a lighted range. Berths, elec- 45 inches (1143 mm). Most of the rainfall from June tricity, water, ice, some supplies, and a pumpout station through September comes from thunderstorms, there- are available. A passenger ferry operates between Watch fore, is usually of brief duration, but relatively intense. Hill and Patchogue. Thunderstorm days average 25 each year. From Octo- ber to April, however, precipitation is generally associ- (72) Cherry Grove, a summer resort across Great South ated with widespread storm areas, so that day-long rain Bay from Connetquot River, has a boat landing extend- or snow is common. ing out to a depth of 5 feet. Seasonal ferry service is maintained with Sayville. (79) Snow falls an average 30 days each year and aver- ages 21 inches (533 mm) in any given year. The snowi- (73) Point o’ Woods, Ocean Beach, Fair Harbor, and est month is February with an average of six inches Saltaire are summer resorts on Great South Bay west- (152 mm). Snow has fallen in each month, November ward of Cherry Grove. Provisions are available at most through April. The greatest 24-hour total snowfall was of these resorts. Year-round ferry service is maintained eight inches (203 mm) which fell in March 1993. between Ocean Beach, Saltaire, and Bay Shore, a town northwestward on the north shore of Great South Bay, (80) Tropical storms have influenced the area fourteen while there is seasonal service between the rest of these times since 1871. Most recently, Hurricane Gloria settlements and Bay Shore. A privately dredged chan- passed within 10 miles west of Islip in September 1985. nel with a reported depth of 9 feet in 1981 leads south- Gloria made landfall about halfway between Kennedy ward to Fair Harbor. A private light marks the channel. and Islip and provided sustained winds of 75 knots at time of landfall for the Islip area. Only two days earlier, (74) On the north shore of Great South Bay, in the vi- Gloria was a more respectable 125-knot hurricane. cinity of Nicoll Point, is Heckscher State Park. A boat basin and a small-craft launching ramp are at the park (81) Great Cove, on the north side of Great South Bay in a cove about 1.6 miles west of Nicoll Point. The park about 4 miles westward of Nicoll Point, has depths of 4 is open during daylight hours only. A 5 mph speed limit to 8 feet. A line of private orange and white spar buoys is enforced. (75) Sailors Haven, across Great South Bay from Nicoll Point, is part of the Fire Island National Seashore. A Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:23 PM

Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen South Coast of Long Island I Chapter 10 I 351 across the mouth of Great Cove marks a shellfish clo- (88) The lines established for Fire Island Inlet are de- sure area. scribed in 80.160, chapter 2. (82) Orowoc Creek, which enters the northeast part of the cove, leads to the boat basin and wharves at the (89) Fire Island Light (40°37.9'N., 73°13.1'W.), 167 feet town of Islip. The channel in the cove is sometimes above the water, is shown from a black and white hori- marked by stakes, and had a reported depth of about 6 zontally banded tower about 4 miles feet in June 1981. A private light marks the westerly east-northeastward of Democrat Point. Fire Island edge of the 3-foot shoal on the east side of the channel Coast Guard Station is about 1.9 miles near the entrance to the creek. Small-craft facilities on west-southwestward of the light. A water tower, about the creek can provide gasoline, water, ice, storage, ma- 208 feet high, marked by floodlights and visible for 16 rine supplies, and complete engine and hull repairs. A miles, is about 0.1 mile southwest of the Fire Island 55-foot marine railway and a 25-ton mobile hoist are Coast Guard Station. available. Several fish packing plants are on the creek. (83) Penataquit Creek and Watchogue Creek, locally (90) The Robert Moses Causeway Bridge over Fire Is- known as West Creek, about 0.5 mile westward of land Inlet, 2.1 miles inside the entrance, has a clear- Orowoc Creek, empty into the northwest end of Great ance of 65 feet at the 464-foot center span. The bridge is Cove through a common entrance. Bay Shore is a large an excellent radar target at a range of more than 12 fishing center on the northwest shore of Great Cove at miles. the head of the creeks. The common entrance is pro- tected on its westerly side by a bulkheaded sandspit, (91) Two boat basins at the Robert Moses (Fire Island) which forms a well-protected boat basin. The entrance State Park are entered just westward of the southern channel leads between the northeast end of the end of the bridge. Berths and water are available in the sandspit and the point to the east. A private light marks basins between sunrise and sunset. In June 1981, the entrance to the creeks. The channel had a reported depths of 7 feet and 6 feet were reported available in the depth of 6 feet in June 1981. A 4 mph speed limit is en- east and west basins, respectively. forced on the creeks. (84) The ferry landing near the entrance of Penataquit (92) The currents in Fire Island Inlet, after crossing the Creek had a reported depth of about 5 feet at its end in bar, have a velocity of about 2.4 knots at full strength June 1981. From the landing, ferries connect with and are influenced greatly by the force and direction of Ocean Beach and Saltaire year round and with Point o’ the wind. (Consult the Tidal Current Tables for predic- Woods, Kismet, Fair Harbor, Dunewood, Atlantique, tions.) In the bay, currents have little velocity except in Sea View and Ocean Bay Park during the summer. the narrow channels between the shoals and within a (85) There are several small-craft facilities in radius of 3 miles from Fire Island Coast Guard Station Penataquit and Watchogue Creeks. (See the small-craft where their estimated velocity is 1 to 1.5 knots. facilities tabulation on chart 12352 for services and supplies available.) (93) Fire Island Inlet remains open throughout the (86) There are several creeks and a dredged boat basin year, but ice does become a problem in the inland chan- between Watchogue Creek and Conklin Point to the nels through Great South Bay from early January southwestward. These waterways are for the most part through about mid-March. privately maintained and for the exclusive use of the lo- cal property owners. (94) The area between Fire Island Inlet and Jones Inlet is characterized by low, sandy beaches and numerous (87) Fire Island Inlet, about 28 miles westward along islands fringed by vast stretches of marshy ground. the south coast of Long Island from Moriches Inlet, is Many shallow areas, irregular in outline, are a serious the only direct entrance from the Atlantic to Great menace to the navigation of light-draft vessels. An ex- South Bay. The inlet is subject to frequent changes and tensive network of bays, creeks, coves, channels, and has been moving westward for many years. Mariners inlets covers the entire area. are warned to beware of extreme tidal turbulence espe- cially during times of tidal change and should seek lo- (95) The channel connecting Great South Bay with cal knowledge of the latest conditions before entering. Jones Inlet, East Bay, and South Oyster Bay is narrow, Navigation of the inlet is difficult even with relatively treacherous, and has numerous short bends. Caution calm seas, and for small craft it can be extremely dan- should be exercised when navigating in these areas in gerous. During heavy weather, the entrance usually is small boats. obstructed by breakers. (96) Several channels lead from Fire Island Inlet to places in Great South Bay and connecting inside water- ways. East Channel follows the buoyed channel along the north side of Great South Beach and joins with the inside passage south of Nicoll Bay. It has a depth of about 8 feet. Range Channel, just westward of East Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:24 PM

Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen 352 I Chapter 10 I South Coast of Long Island Channel, has a depth of about 6 feet. West Channel, prominent. The public landing, about 0.3 mile north- just westward of Fire Islands, has a depth of about 7 ward of Sampawams Point and at the mouth of feet. Dickerson Channel, northeastward of Captree Is- Sampawams Creek, had a reported depth of 6 feet at the land, had a reported depth of 4 feet in June 1981. These end in 1993. Approaching around Sampawams Point, channels are marked with buoys that are shifted in po- give the point a berth of 0.3 mile when southeastward sition with changing conditions. of it and head northwestward to the wharf. (97) From Fire Island Inlet the State Boat Channel (104) Sampawams Creek, just northward of the wharf, leads westward through Great South Bay and South has been dredged to reclaim adjacent lands and is Oyster Bay to Zacks Bay at Jones Beach State Park, bulkheaded on the west side. The entrance is marked by thence westward in Hempstead Bay through winding private seasonal buoys and a private light. It is used as channels, well marked by lights, buoys, and daybeacons an anchorage by small craft and has a depth of about 5 to Reynolds Channel at Point Lookout, just west of feet through the entrance and greater depths inside. Jones Inlet. Two buoys mark submerged obstructions Boats also anchor between the public landing and on the south side of the entrance to the channel. Sampawams Point. This anchorage becomes choppy (98) The speed of vessels is limited to 10.4 knots (12 during easterly or southeasterly winds. mph) in the channel and 3.5 knots (4 mph) in the areas (105) There are several small-craft facilities on the creek. designated as basin or anchorage. (See the small-craft facilities tabulation on chart 12352 (99) A marina on the south side of the channel at the for services and supplies available.) eastern end of Captree Island has berthage, gasoline, (106) Carlls River, westward of Sampawams Point, in diesel fuel, water, and ice. June 1981, had a reported controlling depth of 5 feet in (100) The Robert Moses Causeway Bridge over the State the privately dredged entrance channel leading north- Boat Channel, connecting Oak Beach with Captree Is- ward from East West Channel. In June 1982, shoaling land, has twin bascule spans with a clearance of 29 feet to an unknown extent was reported in the channel. at the center. (See 117.1 through 117.59 and 117.799 Small-craft facilities on the river have berthage, gaso- (a) through (c) and (i), chapter 2, for drawbridge regu- line, water, marine supplies, a 9-ton lift, and a 40-ton lations.) The twin fixed spans of this bridge and cause- mobile hoist; hull and engine repairs can be made. In way over the inside passage in Great South Bay 1993, depths of 5 to 6 feet were reported alongside at between Captree Island and Conklin Point have a clear- the facilities. ance of 60 feet for a middle width of 460 feet. (107) West Babylon Creek, locally known as Mud Creek, (101) A shellfish closure area, marked by private yellow about 1 mile westward of Sampawams Point. In June buoys, extends from the Robert Moses Causeway at 1981, the privately dredged and marked entrance chan- Conklin Point westward for about 6.8 miles to nel leading northward from East West Channel had a Narraskatuck Creek. reported controlling depth of 4 feet. Several small-craft (102) Oak Island Channel, locally known as Babylon Cut, facilities are on the creek. (See the small-craft facilities extends northwestward from the State Boat Channel tabulation on chart 12352 for services and supplies from a point opposite the northeastern end of Oak Is- available.) Several creeks to the westward have been land to Great South Bay and Babylon Cove. In 1981, improved in a similar manner. the channel, marked seasonal buoys, had a reported (108) In July 1980, a submerged obstruction was re- controlling depth of 6 feet except for shoaling to an un- ported about 0.55 mile southwest of the mouth of West known extent in the channel opposite Grass Island. Babylon Creek in about 40°40'00\"N., 73°20'38\"W. From a point about 1.7 miles above the State Boat (109) Oak Beach is primarily a summer resort and fish- Channel, Oak Island Channel connects with a privately ing village on the north side of Fire Island Inlet. The dredged and marked channel, locally known as East channel to the village pier, passing eastward of Oak Is- West Channel, that leads westward and parallels the land, has a depth of about 9 feet. A tall lighted mast on northern shore of Great South Bay for about 6 miles to the south side of Oak Beach is prominent. South Oyster Bay. In June 1981, East West Channel had (110) Cedar Island Beach and Gilgo Beach, westward of a reported controlling depth of about 4 feet. Several Oak Beach, are maintained and operated by the County channels, some leading northward into the waterways and Township authorities and are not part of the Long on the north side of Great South Bay and some leading Island State Park System. southward to the State Boat Channel, connect with (111) Neguntatogue Creek, on the north side of Great East West Channel. These connecting channels are dis- South Bay at the town of Lindenhurst, has several cussed later in this chapter. small-craft facilities. In June 2000, the reported con- (103) Babylon is a town on the north shore of Great trolling depth in the entrance to the creek was 4 feet. South Bay. A flag pole and a church spire are Berths, electricity, gasoline, diesel fuel, water, ice, Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:24 PM

Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen South Coast of Long Island I Chapter 10 I 353 storage, and marine supplies are available; hull and en- (121) Hempstead Bay is on the south side of Long Island gine repairs can be made. inside the beach extending from the west end of Great (112) Fox Creek Channel, privately dredged and marked South Bay to Far Rockaway. The bay has many sloughs by private seasonal aids, leads from the mouth of that are subject to change in the vicinity of the inlets Neguntatogue Creek across Great South Bay to a junc- and where dredging is done to reclaim land. Naviga- tion with the State Boat Channel just eastward of Cedar tional aids marking the main channels of the bay are Island. In June 1982, the reported controlling depth maintained by the town of Hempstead. Many shoal was 3 feet. spots, some to a foot or less, have been reported at sev- (113) Strongs Creek, westward of Neguntatogue Creek, eral areas of the rivers and channels. in June 1981, had a controlling depth of 7 feet in the privately dredged entrance channel leading northward (122) Jones Beach State Park, on the south coast of from East West Channel. Small-craft facilities in the Long Island, comprises about 2,500 acres and is under creek have storage and a 12-ton mobile hoist; hull and the jurisdiction of the Long Island State Park and Rec- engine repairs can be made. reation Commission. A prominent red brick water (114) Great Neck Creek, westward of Strongs Point, has tower, 204 feet high, with a pyramid top, 3.5 miles east- a depth of about 7 feet in the privately dredged entrance ward of Jones Inlet, is the center of Central Mall. The channel leading northward from East West Channel; tower, flood- lighted at night, is visible 16 miles. Zachs greater depths are inside. Small-craft facilities in the Bay, a dredged basin above Jones Beach State Park, has creek can provide berths, electricity, gasoline, water, depths of 4 to 29 feet. The eastern part of Zachs Bay is and marine supplies; hull and engine repairs can be used as an anchorage; a swimming area marked by pri- made. The largest mobile hoist can handle craft up to vate buoys is in the western part of the bay. 12 tons. (115) Amityville Creek, on the north side of the western (123) Stone Creek, marked by seasonal buoys and with a extremity of Great South Bay, had a reported control- reported depth of about 2 feet in June 1981, leads ling depth of about 3 feet in June 1981. The entrance to northward from Sloop Channel and eastward of Green the creek is marked on the west side by a private light. Island to the village of Seaford at the head of Seaford Several boatyards on the creek have marine railways, Creek. In August 1992, severe shoaling to an unknown the largest of which can handle craft up to 50 feet in depth was reported north of Great Island Channel length; gasoline, water, ice, storage, marine supplies, Lighted Buoy Z2. There are many small-craft facilities and complete engine and hull repairs are available. at Seaford and in the vicinity. Berthage, electricity, gas- (116) Amityville is a small town on the north shore of oline, water, ice, storage, marine supplies, and Great South Bay at its western extremity. Amityville small-craft launching ramps are available. The largest Cut, with a reported controlling depth of 3 feet in June mobile hoist is 30 tons; hull, engine and electrical re- 1981 and privately maintained and marked, extends pairs can be made. southward from Amityville Creek and joins the State Boat Channel near Gilgo Beach. The village wharf bares (124) The Wantagh State Parkway bridge crosses Sloop at low water at its face. Channel from Jones Beach State Park to Green Island (117) Narraskatuck Creek, 0.5 miles westward of and has a fixed span with a clearance of 15 feet; the Amityville Creek had a reported depth of about 3 feet in bridge is temporary. A permanent bascule bridge is be- June 1981. The small-craft facilities on the creek have ing built close southwest of the existing temporary gasoline, berths, electricity, water, ice, storage, and ma- bridge with a design clearance of 14 feet. The other rine supplies. Mobile hoists can handle craft up to 20 bridges, which are part of the Wantagh State Parkway, tons; hull, engine, and electrical repairs can be made. have the following clearances: 16 feet for the bascule (118) Carman Creek, about 0.8 mile westward of span over Goose Creek between Green Island and Great Amityville Creek, is used by boats drawing 4 to 5 feet. Island; and 12 feet for the fixed span across Island (119) South Oyster Bay, lying between Great South Bay Creek. (See 117.1 through 117.59 and 117.799 (a) and Hempstead Bay, is shoal over its greater part. A through (c) and (i), chapter 2, for drawbridge regula- channel marked by buoys and daybeacons, good for a tions.) draft of 4 feet at high water, extends through the bay. Through traffic uses the State Boat Channel and con- necting lanes on the south side of the Bay. (120) Gilgo Heading, a channel and basin between the State Boat Channel and Gilgo Beach, has a depth of about 7 feet. Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:24 PM

Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen 354 I Chapter 10 I South Coast of Long Island (125) The current is reported to be swift during periods West Crow Island and Pettit Marsh, and 12 feet for the of maximum flood and ebb at the bridge crossing the 29-foot fixed span between Pettit Marsh and Fighting Sloop Channel from Green Island to Jones Beach State Island. (See 117.1 through 117.59 and 117.799 (a) Park, and has a tendency to set boats into the bridge through (c) and (h), chapter 2, for drawbridge regula- abutments. Mariners are advised to avoid this part of tions.) the channel during these periods and to use the sec- (133) The Loop Parkway Bridge has the following clear- ondary route in Goose Creek, north of Green Island. ances: 20 feet for the fixed span over Swift Creek be- tween West Crow Island and Meadow Island, 21 feet for (126) A privately marked channel, locally known as Race- the bascule span between Meadow Island and Alder Is- horse Channel, with a depth of about 6 feet, leads land, and 20 feet for the 29-foot fixed span over northward from Sloop Channel and westward of Green Reynolds Channel between Alder Island and Point Island to the western entrance of Island Creek. Two Lookout. (See 117.1 through 117.59 and 117.799 (a) spur channels, marked by private buoys and through (c) and (f), chapter 2, for drawbridge regula- daybeacons, lead westward from near the north end of tions.) In August 1998, a replacement fixed bridge was Racehorse Channel to East Bay. In June 1981, shoaling under construction across Swift Creek, between West to 3 feet was reported in the southerly channel; caution Crow Island and Meadow Island, just south of the exist- is advised. ing bridge with a design clearance of 20 feet. (134) Jones Inlet, about 12 miles westward along the (127) A fish haven, marked by a private buoy, is near the south coast of Long Island from Fire Island Inlet, is the middle of East Bay. principal entrance from the Atlantic to the inside pas- sages and towns in Hempstead Bay. The inlet, which is (128) On the north side of East Bay, there are several used mostly by pleasure craft and fishermen, should small-craft facilities at the head of Bellmore Creek and not be attempted without local knowledge because the on the west side of Nicks Point. (See the small-craft fa- channel and depths are constantly changing. cilities tabulation on 12352 for services and supplies (135) The approach is marked by a lighted whistle buoy. available.) (136) A light is at the outer end of the jetty on the east side of the entrance to Jones Inlet. A small-craft basin is (129) Sloop Channel, the main channel leading east inside the inlet on the north side of Jones Beach; from Jones Inlet, extends along the north side of Short berths, electricity, water, and pump-out station are Beach and Jones Beach State Park. The channel is available. Jones Beach Coast Guard Station is in the marked by buoys and daybeacons. In June 1981, shoal- small-craft basin. ing to 3 feet was reported on the south side of Sloop (137) In March 2001, the controlling depth was 10.7 feet Channel from about 0.3 mile southwest of (11.4 feet at midchannel) in the channel from Point Meadowbrook State Parkway Bridge to about 0.45 mile Lookout (40°35.6'N., 73°34.6'W.) to the Loop Parkway northeast of the bridge. Bridge over Long Creek. The buoys and soundings in Jones Inlet are not charted because of continual (130) A channel with reported depths of 3 to 4 feet in changes; caution and local knowledge are advised. June 1981 leads between Snipe Island and Egg Island (138) A wreck, reported covered 8 feet in June 1981 and into Haunts Creek on the western side of Deep Creek unmarked, is about 320 yards westward of the jetty Meadow and joins Sloop Channel northwestward of light. In September 1987, a sunken wreck was reported Jones Beach State Park. about 0.5 mile westward of the jetty light in about 40°34'30\"N., 73°35'12\"W. (131) The channel joining Haunts Creek east of East (139) The tidal current in the inlet has a velocity of about Crow Island and leading northward through Broad 3 knots. (See Tidal Current Tables for predictions.) The Creek Channel to East Bay, and thence to Merrick mean range of tide is 3.6 feet. Creek, has a depth of about 1 foot. The channel joining Sloop Channel just west of the Meadowbrook State (140) The lines established for Jones Inlet are described Parkway Bridge leads north through Swifts Creek and in 80.160, chapter 2. Neds Creek to East Bay; the channel bares at low water about 0.7 mile north-northeastward of the bridge be- (141) Point Lookout is a village on the east end of the tween West Crow Island and Pettit Marsh. The channel barrier beach on the west side of Jones Inlet. A large between False Channel Meadow and Pettit Marsh has a lighted tank in the western part of the town is promi- depth of about 5 feet and leads to Freeport Creek, dis- nent. Small-craft facilities are on either side of the cussed later in this chapter. (132) The Meadowbrook State Parkway Bridge has the following clearances: 21 feet for the bascule span across Sloop Channel between Jones Beach State Park and Jones Island, 14 feet for the 29-foot fixed span between Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:24 PM

Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen South Coast of Long Island I Chapter 10 I 355 bridge. (See the small-craft facilities tabulation on of the route between the inlets. The channel is crossed chart 12352 for services and supplies available.) by several bridges. Strong currents exist in the western (142) Long Creek, marked by seasonal lighted and portion of Reynolds Channel, and caution must be ex- unlighted buoys, leads northward from Jones Inlet be- ercised when approaching the drawbridges, particu- tween Alder Island and Meadow Island, and between larly with a fair current; the signal to open the bridge Smith Meadow and Pine Marsh to Freeport. The chan- should be given sufficiently in advance so the bridge nel below the Loop Parkway Bridge has been improved can be cleared of traffic and the draw opened before the by dredging as previously mentioned. The channel vessel arrives there. The currents of the two inlets meet above the bridge at the intersection with Sea Dog at the entrance of the channel leading west from Cin- Creek is subject to frequent change; local information der Creek. should be obtained before using these waters. The (150) A 5 mph speed limit is enforced in the channel be- channel above the intersection with Sea Dog Creek had tween Middle Island and Point Lookout. a reported depth of about 12 feet in June 1981. A chan- (151) A secondary channel extending northwestward nel between Pine Marsh and Pettit Marsh, with a re- through Cinder Creek and westward of Parsonage Is- ported depth of about 12 feet in June 1981, joins with land to middle Bay had a reported depth of about 3 feet The Narrows and Long Creek about 1 mile northward in June 1981. The channel is not marked. of the Bay of Fundy. (152) Garrett Lead, the primary channel extending (143) Freeport Creek, leading northward from The Nar- northeastward from Reynolds Channel to Middle Bay, rows, had a controlling depth of 3½ feet in January is marked by a lighted buoy, a light, buoys, and 1980. In July 1993, a visible wreck was reported near daybeacons. In June 1981, the channel had a reported the mouth of the creek, just east of Buoy Q9, in about controlling depth of 5 feet. 40°37'53\"N., 73°33'55\"W. Great Sand Creek, between Pettit Marsh and False Channel Meadow, had a reported (153) Long Beach is a seaside resort on the outer beach depth of about 5 feet in June 1981. Several boatyards about 4 miles west of Point Lookout. The waterfront on and marinas are along Freeport Creek where gasoline, the bayside is bulkheaded. diesel fuel, water, and marine supplies may be obtained; complete engine and hull repairs can be made. (154) The highway bridges crossing Reynolds Channel (144) Hudson Channel, extending northward to the piers between Long Beach and Island Park have bascule at Freeport, had a reported depth of about 4 feet in June spans with clearances of 20 feet. The railroad bridge 1981. Woodcleft Canal, westward of Hudson Channel, about 0.2 mile westward of the highway bridges has a had a depth of about 13 feet. bascule span with a clearance of 14 feet. (See 117.1 (145) Freeport is a city on the north shore of Baldwin through 117.59 and 117.799 (a) through (c) and (g), Bay with rail and bus communications to New York chapter 2, for drawbridge regulations.) City and other points on Long Island. Many small-craft facilities are at Freeport. (See the small-craft facilities (155) A dock of the Long Beach Hospital is on the south tabulation on chart 12352 for services and supplies side of Reynolds Channel about 0.3 mile eastward of the available.) highway bridge; medical aid to boatmen is available (146) A general anchorage is in Randall Bay at the north- here. The dock is marked by a square white sign with a east end of Baldwin Bay. (See 110.1 and 110.156, large red cross. chapter 2, for limits and regulations.) (147) A channel with a reported depth of about 7 feet in (156) Just westward of the railroad bridge, a dredged June 1981, passes through Scow Creek to Baldwin channel passes through Island Park. In June 1981, the Harbor. A channel connecting Baldwin Harbor with channel had a reported controlling depth of about 6 Randall Bay had a reported depth of about 5 feet in June feet. The fixed footbridge and highway bridge crossing 1981. the channel have a least clearance of 7 feet. Several (148) Milburn Creek, a dredged channel extending wharves are available at Island Park. northward to Baldwin from Baldwin Bay, had reported depths of about 5 feet in June 1981. The entrance to the (157) Hog Island Channel, the main route to the towns channel is marked by private seasonal barrel buoys. A of Oceanside and East Rockaway, joins Reynolds Chan- dredged channel with a reported depth of about 8 feet nel southwestward of Island Park and leads westward of in June 1981 in the northern part of Middle Bay leads to Island Park, then eastward of West, East, and North Parsonage Cove. Meadows. East Rockaway Channel, privately marked (149) Reynolds Channel extends westward from Jones and an alternate and shallower route to the towns, joins Inlet to East Rockaway Inlet and is the main thorofare Hog Island Channel about 0.8 mile and 2.4 miles above Reynolds Channel. Oceanside and East Rockaway are Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:24 PM

Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen 356 I Chapter 10 I South Coast of Long Island along the east and west sides, respectively, of the north- bridges over Woodmere Channel northwestward of ern part of East Rockaway Channel. Brosewere Bay have a least clearance of 11 feet. (158) In June 1981, the reported controlling depth in (164) Atlantic Beach is an oceanfront and bayside com- Hog Island Channel was 10 feet to the oil dock at a munity on the east side of East Rockaway Inlet. Facil- powerplant about 1.75 miles above the junction with ities for mooring are eastward and westward of the Reynolds Channel, thence about 8 feet to the northern highway bridge. Gasoline, diesel fuel, water, provisions, junction with East Rockaway Channel. In June 1981, and other supplies are available. East Rockaway Channel had a reported controlling (165) Bannister Creek, just east of the Atlantic Beach depth of 6 feet to its head. Bridge, has depths of 7 to 12 feet. Bridge Creek extends (159) Mariners of vessels transiting Hog Island Channel west just above the mouth of Bannister Creek. A small in the vicinity of the public beach at the village of Island boatyard on the creek can haul out craft up to 4 tons in Park are requested to proceed at a speed that will create weight for hull and engine repairs; water and some ma- minimum wave wash and wake, and avoid damage to rine supplies are available. the beach facilities. (166) The highway bridge crossing Reynolds Channel to (160) There are numerous marginal-type petroleum Atlantic Beach just inside East Rockaway Inlet has a wharves along the eastern side of Hog Island Channel bascule span with a clearance of 25 feet. (See 117.1 between 1.75 and 2.25 miles above the junction with through 117.59 and 117.799 (a) through (c) and (e), Reynolds Channel. In June 1981, depths of 6 to 10 feet chapter 2, for drawbridge regulations.) The were reported alongside the wharves; oil barges and bridgetender monitors VHF-FM channel 13; call sign coastal tankers berth at or near high tide and ground KFL–348. out at low tide when alongside. (167) East Rockaway Inlet, about 8 miles westward along the south coast of Long Island from Jones Inlet, (161) There are extensive small-craft facilities along the is the westernmost entrance from the Atlantic to south and southeast sides of Island Park, and also on Hempstead Bay and the inland water route along the East Rockaway Channel at Oceanside and East south shore of Long Island. The inlet is subject to fre- Rockaway. (See the small-craft facilities tabulation on quent changes, but is reported to be usually safer to chart 12352 for services and supplies available.) navigate than Jones or Fire Island Inlets. The aids marking the inlet are periodically moved to mark the (162) Broad Channel, which joins Reynolds Channel best water; local knowledge is advised. eastward of Hicks Beach and leads to Hewlett Bay and (168) Two large identical apartment buildings are promi- Macy Channel, had a reported depth of about 3 feet in nent about 0.8 mile north-northeastward of the jetty June 1981. light. (169) The tidal current in the inlet has a velocity of about (163) Woodsburgh Channel, which joins Broad Channel 2.3 knots. (See the Tidal Current Tables for predic- about 0.5 mile northward of Hicks Beach and leads tions.) Caution should be exercised when passing northwestward to Woodsburgh, had a reported con- through the inlet and bridge at times of maximum cur- trolling depth of 3 feet in June 1981. The two fixed rent. The mean range of tide is 4.1 feet in East Rockaway Inlet and from about 2 to 4 feet in Hempstead Bay. Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:25 PM

Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen South Coast of Long Island I Chapter 10 I 357 Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:25 PM

Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen 358 I Chapter 11 I Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:26 PM

Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen New York Harbor and Approaches I Chapter 11 I 359 New York Harbor and Approaches (1) This chapter describes New York Harbor and its ap- entrance to Ambrose Channel which is the principal proaches and the areas adjacent to it bounded by and deepwater passage through the Lower Bay. including Jamaica Bay to the eastward and Sandy Hook (5) The south coast of Long Island from Fire Island In- Bay to southward. Included in the text in addition to let to Rockaway Inlet has a general 263° trend for 30 the facilities at New York City and Staten Island are the miles. It is a clean shore and may be approached as New Jersey ports of Perth Amboy, Port Elizabeth, Port close as 1 mile, with not less than 5 fathoms except off Newark, Bayonne, and others which are accessible the inlets where the shore should be given a berth of at through tributaries that empty into New York Harbor least 1.5 miles. This coast is characterized by sandy such as Arthur Kill, Kill Van Kull, Passaic River, and beaches and summer resorts at the eastern end, and Hackensack River. The Hudson River above New York amusement parks and densely settled communities at City is discussed in chapter 12, and the East River, the the western end. approach to New York Harbor from Long Island Sound, (6) The shoreline is broken by three prominent and is discussed in chapter 9. navigable inlets which lead to the inland waterway along the south shore of Long Island. Fire Island Inlet (2) The lines established for New York Harbor are de- is at the eastern extremity, and its entrance is marked scribed in 80.165, chapter 2. by lights and buoys. Jones Inlet is about 12 miles to the west of Fire Island Inlet. The entrance is prominently (3) The approach to New York Harbor from seaward is indicated by the 202-foot lighted tower at Jones Beach generally along the south coast of Long Island or the on the eastern side and by an elevated tank at Point east coast of New Jersey, although the harbor is easily Lookout on the west side of the inlet. Jones Beach State approached from any direction between east and south. Park is on the east side of the inlet; a lighted tower in During the approach, the south shore of Long Island the park is a conspicuous landmark. will be seen to northward and the low sandy beaches of (7) East Rockaway Inlet, about 8 miles westward of the New Jersey shore will be observed to westward. The Jones Inlet, is the extreme western entrance to the in- Long Island shore is readily identified by sand hillocks land waterway. The inlet entrance is marked by a break- and thickly settled beach communities, whereas the water with a light on its seaward end. The shoreline New Jersey shore is characterized by long sandy between the two inlets is closely built up with large stretches and many summer resort settlements. communities. Elevated tanks, towers, and other tall structures are prominent in this area. (4) The four most prominent landmarks, which can be seen for a long distance at sea, are the Fire Island Light (8) A fish haven is about 2 miles offshore midway be- and a tower at Jones Beach on the Long Island shore, tween East Rockaway Inlet and Rockaway Point. and the Highlands of Navesink and the microwave tower at Atlantic Highlands on the north end of the (9) Rockaway Point, 17 miles westward of Jones Inlet, New Jersey coast. When nearing the Lower Bay of New is the southwestern extremity of Long Island and the York Harbor, Ambrose Light will be seen; it marks the eastern entrance to New York Lower Bay. A breakwater, marked at its seaward end by a light, extends southward from the point. Rockaway Inlet forms a large deep en- trance to Jamaica Bay. (10) Ambrose Light (40°27.0'N., 73°48.0'W.), 76 feet above the water and off the entrance to New York Har- bor, is shown from a red tower on a square red deck house on three steel pilings with a large center tube Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:26 PM

Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen 360 I Chapter 11 I New York Harbor and Approaches worded “AMBROSE” in white letters; a fog signal and a (16) Eastward of Fire Island Light the water shoals quite radar beacon (Racon) are at the light. rapidly toward the Long Island shore, but inside a line (11) Sandy Hook, the southern entrance point to New drawn from Nantucket Traffic Lane Lighted Horn Buoy York Harbor, is low and sandy. A Coast Guard station, a NA to Barnegat Lighted Horn Buoy B, there is no radar tower, and a radio tower are near the northern ex- marked difference in the soundings as either shore is tremity of Sandy Hook. The towers and a large green approached except in Mud Gorge. standpipe to the southeast are the most prominent ob- jects on the northern end of Sandy Hook. Southward of (17) Modern surveys show the existence of a canyon, ev- the standpipe are several houses and Sandy Hook Light idently cut by the Hudson River in prehistoric days, (40°27'42\"N., 74°00'07\"W.), 88 feet above the water and across the Continental Shelf, extending about 120 shown from a white stone tower, 85 feet high. This miles southeastward from off Sandy Hook. The inshore light, established in 1764, is the oldest in continuous section is called the Mud Gorge and the offshore sec- use in the United States. tion the Hudson Canyon. In some sections of this cut (12) The most prominent landmark southward of the the depths are considerably greater than those adjacent entrance to New York Harbor is the high wooded ridge to it and the walls are very steep. The use of soundings forming the Highlands of Navesink. A tall condomin- permits a very accurate determination of a ship’s posi- ium on the ridge and a microwave tower at Atlantic tion by the comparison of the soundings with the depth Highlands to the west are also prominent. The brown- curves on the charts. The bottom of the Mud Gorge is stone towers of the abandoned Navesink Lighthouse on usually of mud; on both sides of it sand predominates. the easternmost spur of the highlands are 73 feet above the ground and about 246 feet above the water. The (18) Cholera Bank, about 10 miles southeastward of northerly tower is octagonal, and the southerly tower is Ambrose Light, is about 2 miles long in an east-west di- square. A private seasonal light is shown from the rection and has a least depth of 10 fathoms. The bank is northerly tower. raised very little above the general level of the bottom, however, because the bottom is rocky in character, (13) The lines established for New York Harbor are de- soundings will give useful indications in thick or foggy scribed in 80.165, chapter 2. weather. During the summer numerous vessels may be seen on this bank. (14) Soundings will be found most useful to warn ves- sels of too close an approach to the shore in approach- (19) Telegraphic companies report serious interrup- ing New York Harbor. Many vessels have been wrecked tions of international telegraphic communications re- on the coast of New Jersey and Long Island through sulting from repeated breaking of their cables by failure to take frequent soundings when the position vessels anchoring southeastward and eastward of was uncertain. Depth is a better indication of position Ambrose Light. The companies state that they will be off this part of the coast than the character of the bot- glad to compensate any vessel, which, having fouled tom, as the same characteristics may be found in widely the cable, cuts away its anchor and chain in order to different positions. A frequent use of soundings and save the cable from interruption. Vessels making New close study of the charts will always give sufficient York in thick weather and finding it necessary to an- warning of danger. If a vessel is not certain of her posi- chor before entering Ambrose Channel should anchor tion, the depth should not be shoaled to less than 15 in the area southward of Scotland Lighted Horn Buoy S fathoms on the south coast of Long Island eastward of (40°26.5'N., 73°55.0'W.) and westward of the meridian Fire Island Light, or 11 fathoms between Fire Island passing through Ambrose Light. Light and Barnegat Lighted Horn Buoy B, or 9 fathoms southward of Barnegat Lighted Horn Buoy B. (20) The mean range of tide at Sandy Hook is 4.7 feet. (See the Tide Tables for daily tide predictions.) (15) From the position of the two shores relative to each other and to the entrance to New York Harbor it follows (21) The important currents affecting navigation in the that a course of 215° will deepen the water if the vessel approach to New York Harbor are those due to winds. is on the Long Island side of the approach and will shoal The largest velocity likely to occur under storm condi- if she is off the New Jersey coast. A course of 035° will tions is about 1.5 knots. A sudden reversal in the direc- deepen the water if the vessel is off the New Jersey side tion of the wind produces a corresponding change in of the approach and will shoal if she is off the Long Is- the current, either diminishing or augmenting the ve- land coast. locity. Sustained winds do not maintain the currents at Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:26 PM

Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen New York Harbor and Approaches I Chapter 11 I 361 the maximum velocities. The velocity is about 0.2 west through northwest at 13 to 15 knots, from Janu- knots at Ambrose Light. The largest velocity likely to ary through April. The sheltering effect of the land is occur is 2 knots. apparent when looking at frequencies of winds of 28 (22) Between Nantucket and Cape May away from the knots or more. They blow at Ambrose Light about 8 to 9 immediate vicinity of the shore, the tidal currents are percent of the time compared to 1 percent at Kennedy generally rotary. They shift direction, usually clock- Airport and Floyd Bennett Field. Summer winds are of- wise, at an average rate of about 30° an hour, and have ten out of the south and southwest with a 10 to 12 knot velocities generally less than 0.3 knot except in the vi- afternoon peak. Fog in the harbor area is more closely cinities of the entrances to the larger inland waterways related to land type fogs. In winter it is common on where the velocities increase as the entrances are ap- clear, calm mornings and more frequent than at proached. For a considerable distance from the inlets, Ambrose Light. Southerlies can also bring winter fogs strengths of flood and ebb set respectively toward and of the advection type. During the spring and early sum- away from those entrances, and minimums of velocity, mer the harbor as well as its approaches are susceptible corresponding to the slacks of reversing currents, set at to advection fog, riding in on east through south winds. right angles to the direction of flood and ebb strengths. A morning peak still exists in the harbor, while (23) Offshore and away from the influence of the tidal Ambrose Light exhibits an afternoon maximum. flow into and out of the larger bays, the tidal current maintains an approximately uniform velocity. Shifting (30) Information about the coast south of Sandy Hook its direction continuously to the right, it sets all direc- is contained in United States Coast Pilot 3, Atlantic tions of the compass during each tidal cycle of 12.4 Coast, Sandy Hook to Cape Henry. hours. (See the Tidal Current Tables for the predicted times and velocities of the tidal currents at a number of (31) New York Harbor is the principal entrance by water locations in the coastal waters.) to New York City and the surrounding ports. The har- (24) Between Nantucket Island and Sandy Hook there is bor is divided by The Narrows into Lower Bay and Up- a general drift of the sea south-southwestward. The av- per Bay. The Battery, the southern tip of Manhattan, is erage velocity of this movement is about 0.1 knot. at the junction of East River and Hudson River. The (25) Approaching New York Harbor from the vicinity of main channel from the sea to the deepwater terminals Nantucket Shoals Lighted Horn Buoy N, a slight allow- in Hudson River has a project depth of 45 feet. ance should be made for a southwesterly set of the cur- rent. With an easterly wind it is customary to allow, in (32) Traffic Separation Scheme Off New York has been order to make the course good, a set of the current with established in the approaches to New York Harbor from it of at least 0.5 knot. sea. (See charts 12300 and 12326.) (See also 167.1 (26) The effect of the wind on the current should always through 167.155, chapter 2, for limits and regula- be considered. The largest velocities likely to occur tions.) during storms are 2.5 knots about 3 miles northward of Nantucket Shoals Lighted Horn Buoy N and 1.5 knots 3 (33) (See Traffic Separation Schemes, chapter 1, for ad- miles north of Nantucket Traffic Lane Lighted Horn ditional information, and chapter 3 for a discussion of Buoy NA and off Five Fathom Bank. North Atlantic Lane Routes.) (27) Between Gay Head and Montauk Point the tidal currents set northward on the flood and southward on (34) The pilot boat maintains station in the trian- the ebb. The estimated velocity at strength where the gle-shaped cruising area west of Ambrose Light. See Pi- depth is about 25 fathoms is 0.5 knot; closer inshore lotage, New York Harbor and Approaches (indexed as and near the entrance this velocity increases. such), this chapter. (28) Three miles north of Nantucket Traffic Lane Lighted Horn Buoy NA the tidal currents have a mean (35) Numerous fishing floats have been reported in the velocity at strength of about 0.2 knot in a westward di- approach to New York Harbor in the Traffic Separation rection on the flood and an eastward direction on the Scheme precautionary area. ebb. (36) Shipping safety fairways have been established (29) Winds play an important role by affecting currents connecting the eastern approach off Ambrose of Traffic in the harbor. During the winter west and northwest winds prevail with northerlies and southwesterlies in secondary roles. The strongest winds are out of the Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:26 PM

Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen 362 I Chapter 11 I New York Harbor and Approaches Separation Scheme Off New York and the eastern ap- (68) 5) Port Reading Reach proach off Nantucket of Traffic Separation Scheme Off (69) 6) Port Socony Reach New York. (See 166.100 through 166.500, chapter 2, (70) 7) Outer Bridge Reach for limits and regulations.) (71) Raritan Bay: (72) 1) Raritan Bay West Reach (37) New York Harbor has a Vessel Traffic Service. (See (73) 2) Raritan Bay East Reach §161.1 through §161.25, chapter 2, for regulations.) (74) 3) Seguine Point Bend (75) 4) Red Bank Reach (38) Recommended minimum under-keel clearance for (76) 5) Ward Point Reach selected areas of the Harbor Safety, Navigation and (77) A recommended standard of “always afloat” will ap- Operations Committee of the Port of New York and New Jersey.–In order to prevent groundings and to ply to all other areas, including berths, in the Port Dis- promote the safety and environmental security of the trict that abut the above listed channels. Ship related waterway resources of the Port of New York and New factors such as squat, turning heel and other dynamic Jersey, the Harbor Operations Committee of the Port motions should be considered and, if expected, added to of New York and New Jersey recommends that all enti- this figure to insure a minimum clearance of two feet ties responsible for the safe movement of vessels in and will be maintained throughout a given transit. through the waters of the Port of New York and New Jersey operate vessels in such a manner as to maintain (78) The owner, master, or person in charge of each ves- a minimum clearance of two feet between the deepest sel has the ultimate responsibility for maintaining this draft of their vessel and channel bottom in the follow- minimum recommended under-keel clearance. Addi- ing named channels: tionally, persons directing the movement of vessels share this responsibility and are expected to advise (39) Lower Bay: owners, operators and persons in charge of vessels if, in (40) 1) Ambrose Channel (3 ft minimum under-keel their judgement, a vessel is not in conformance with these standards. clearance due to wave and sea action) (41) 2) Sandy Hook Channel (79) In order to assist the owner, master or person in (42) 3) Chapel Hill Channel charge in evaluating under-keel clearance at the berth (43) Upper Bay: the Harbor Safety, Navigation and Operations Com- (44) 1) Anchorage Channel (The Narrows to The Bat- mittee of the Port of New York and New Jersey has compiled information including available depths and tery) survey dates for all Terminals in the Port District. This (45) 2) Bay Ridge Channel booklet (to be updated annually) is available through (46) 3) Red Hook Channel the Maritime Association of the Port of New York and (47) 4) Buttermilk Channel New Jersey via telephone (212) 425-5704. (48) North River: (49) 1) The Battery to 79th Street (80) If at any time a vessel’s under-keel clearance is not (50) East River: in conformance with this recommendation and own- (51) 1) The Battery to Throgs Neck Bridge ers, masters, or other in charge of the vessel desire to (52) Kill Van Kull: proceed against the pilots recommendation, pilots are (53) 1) Constable Hook Reach urged to report this to the USCG Captain of the Port via (54) 2) Bergen Point Reach VTS New York. Through VTS New York, the COTP will (55) 3) North of Shooters Island Reach foster communications between the concerned parties (56) 4) Elizabethport Reach in effort to arrive at agreed upon conditions for safe (57) Newark Bay: vessel passage. (58) 1) Newark Bay Reach - Bergen Point to Droyers (81) It should be recognized that there may be instances Point when the master, pilot and COTP evaluate a situation (59) Hackensack River: and agree that a vessel movement can be made safely (60) 1) Droyers Point to the turning basin at Marion even though inconsistent with this recommendation. (61) Passaic River: Such movements may be allowed and should be coordi- (62) 1) Kearney Point nated through VTS NY so as to insure the transit of the (63) Arthur Kill: vessel in question can be assisted as appropriate. (64) 1) Gulfport Reach (65) 2) Pralls Island Reach (82) If at any time VTS NY believes a proposed vessel (66) 3) Tremley Point Reach transit may not conform, to this recommendation, they (67) 4) Fresh Kills Reach will request an assessment be conducted prior to Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:27 PM

Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen New York Harbor and Approaches I Chapter 11 I 363 granting a vessel permission to transit within the VTS about 5 miles to West 59th Street, Manhattan. Project NY Area. This assessment process will include a review depth for these channels is 45 feet. of real-time water level information from the (88) In addition to the usual aids, Ambrose Channel in P.O.R.T.S.®. its outer portion is also marked by West Bank Light, (83) Physical Oceanographic Real-time System shown from a brown conical tower on a black cylindri- (P.O.R.T.S.®) is an information acquisition and dissem- cal pier, in range with Staten Island Light, which is ination technology developed by the National Ocean shown from a light-colored octagonal brick tower on a Service, NOAA. The Port of New York and New Jersey gray limestone base on the high ground of Staten Is- Physical Oceanographic Real-Time System can be con- land at Richmond. tacted via telephone (728) 815-9668/9684 or the (89) Lower Bay is that part of New York Harbor extend- Internet at: http://www.co-ops.nos.noaa.gov. ing from Sandy Hook westward to Raritan River and (84) Also to be considered are the vessel’s intended track northward to The Narrows. including particular areas of inadequate water depth with the pilots plan for their avoidance, any other local (90) Differences of as much as 5° from the normal varia- conditions which might further restrict vessel move- tion have been reported in Lower Bay in the vicinity of ment, as well as special traffic routing measures that 40°29.6'N., 74°04.2'W. might be required. If VTS NY deems this assessment to be necessary, the VTS Watch Officer will request on (91) Sandy Hook Channel, project depth 35 feet, pro- VHF-FM that the pilot contact VTS via land-line or cel- vides a secondary route from the sea to deep water in lular telephone. Discussion on under-keel clearance Lower Bay; it connects with Raritan Bay Channel to plans shall not be conducted on VHF-FM. It is in the the westward, Chapel Hill Channel to the north, and best interest of all parties to insure situations of mar- Terminal Channel to the south. Chapel Hill Channel ginal under-keel clearance are identified and thor- has a project depth of 30 feet. The entrance to Sandy oughly discussed well prior to a vessel’s underway time. Hook Channel is marked by Scotland Lighted Horn These guidelines were adopted by the Harbor Opera- Buoy S, equipped with a radar beacon (Racon). The tions Committee on 20 September 1995 and became ef- channels are well marked with navigational aids. (See fective 1 January 1996. Notice to Mariners and the latest editions of charts for controlling depths.) (85) In the East River between the Brooklyn Bridge and Poorhouse Flats Range, shallow-draft vessels custom- (92) Swash Channel, a natural buoyed passage between arily keep to the west (Manhattan) side of the channel Ambrose Channel and Sandy Hook Channel, has a con- whether northbound or southbound, thereby reserving trolling depth of 18 feet, but care is necessary to avoid the east (Brooklyn) side of the channel for deep-draft spots with a least depth of 13 feet near the sides of the vessels. Vessels transiting East River should be aware of channel and a spot cleared to a depth of 14 feet in about this practice and anticipate northbound shallow-draft the middle of the channel. A lighted range, the rear vessels crossing from east to west in the vicinity of marker of which is Staten Island Light, leads on a bear- Corlears Hook, and from west to east in the vicinity of ing of 305° to the junction with Chapel Hill Channel. Newtown Creek. (93) False Hook Channel, along and close to the eastern (86) The New York City Bureau of Marine and Aviation shore of Sandy Hook, joins Sandy Hook Channel east- ferries generally follow a prescribed route between The ward of the north end of Sandy Hook. The channel has Battery and St. George on Staten Island, placing them depths of 9 to over 20 feet. Strangers should not use the to the extreme right-hand side of the channel. All mari- channel. ners are strongly encouraged not to transit close aboard of the ferry slips at The Battery and St. George (94) Fourteen Foot Channel enters Lower Bay just due to ferries maneuvering. north of Ambrose Channel. The channel has a depth of about 13 feet and is unmarked. (87) Ambrose Channel, the principal entrance, extends (95) General, explosives, naval, and special anchorages from the sea to deep water in Lower Bay. Thence, An- have been prescribed for the Port of New York by Fed- chorage Channel, an extension of Ambrose Channel eral Regulations. (See 110.1, 110.60, and 110.155, leads through Upper Bay to The Battery. Hudson River chapter 2, for limits and regulations.) Channel continues northward from The Battery for (96) Vessels are especially cautioned against anchoring in the vicinity of the pipeline and cable areas as shown on the charts. The pipeline area across The Narrows Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:27 PM

Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen 364 I Chapter 11 I New York Harbor and Approaches supplies the water for Staten Island. Extensive cable ar- reported that the most dangerous time is about 2 hours eas are in the vicinity of Governors Island, The Battery, after high water at The Battery. At this time the current and Ellis Island. (See also chart 12334.) is setting north in the Hudson River and westward from the East River. The effect on a large vessel coming (97) There are five shoal areas in the entrance to New from southward and turning into the East River is to York Harbor which are subject to change in depths and throw her stern to port and her bow to starboard, thus should be avoided by strangers. False Hook, off the causing a sheer to starboard toward the shoals off the northeastern side of Sandy Hook, has depths of 4 to 18 north end of Governors Island. When coming from feet. Flynns Knoll, between Swash, Sandy Hook, and northward in the Hudson River the same effect tends to Chapel Hill Channels, has depths of 9 to 18 feet. Romer prevent the vessel from turning and to cause her to Shoal, between Ambrose and Swash Channels, has overrun her course. These cross currents are known lo- depths of 4 to 15 feet and is marked by Romer Shoal cally as The Spider. Light; a fog signal is sounded from the light station. (104) At the seaward end of Ambrose Channel the veloc- East Bank, northward and eastward of Ambrose Chan- ity of the flood current is 1.7 knots and of the ebb cur- nel, has depths of 5 to 15 feet. West Bank, westward of rent 2.3 knots. Ambrose Channel between West Bank (Range Front) (105) When the ebb is strong the currents in both Light and Fort Wadsworth, has depths from bare to 20 Ambrose and Swash Channels tend to set toward feet. Buoys mark the eastern extremity of West Bank. Romer Shoal. Caution should be maintained to prevent being set onto Romer Shoal when using either chan- (98) The tip of Sandy Hook is changeable, and the area nel. On the flood and especially with a westerly wind, around it is subject to severe shoaling; caution should caution should be exercised to prevent being set onto be exercised in the area. Romer Shoal when using Swash Channel. (106) In The Narrows the velocity of the flood current is (99) Mariners are cautioned to maintain a sharp look- about 1.7 knots and of the ebb current 2 knots. (See out for floating debris in the harbor and channels. Tidal Current Tables for the daily predictions of slack water and strength of current.) (100) The mean range of tide in New York Harbor is 4.7 (107) In the entrance to Hudson River the velocity of the feet at Sandy Hook and 4.6 feet at The Battery. Daily flood and ebb currents is 1.4 knots. Off Grants Tomb, predictions for both places are given in the Tide Tables. the flood and ebb strengths are 1.6 and 1.9 knots, re- spectively. (101) The flood current entering Lower Bay from the sea (108) In October 1991, tidal currents in The Narrows, Ar- attains a velocity of about 2 knots in Ambrose Channel thur Kill, Kill Van Kull, and Hell Gate were reported to entrance, near the outer extremities of Sandy Hook, deviate significantly from official predictions published Coney Island, and The Narrows. It sets generally paral- by the National Ocean Service. Mariners should exer- lel to the lower straight section of Ambrose Channel cise caution and discretion in the use of published tidal and tends to continue to that direction where the chan- current predictions for these locations. Also, previously nel bends toward The Narrows, setting more or less di- available Tidal Current Charts for New York Harbor agonally across the upper straight section of Ambrose have been withdrawn. Channel. At the beginning of the flood, the current sets in at the bottom and near the shores while it is still ebb- (109) Navigation of the channels in the Port of New York ing at the surface in Ambrose Channel. and New Jersey is not restricted by ice. The main chan- nels do not freeze over, and any ice in the smaller wa- (102) The ebb in Lower Bay is generally stronger than the terways is well broken up by tugs and general traffic. flood by 10 percent or more. At its strength it sets from Freshwater ice is brought down the Hudson River in The Narrows approximately parallel to the upper large floes during periods of thaws or winter freshets. straight end of the lower straight section. Occasionally there are large accumulations of ice at Spuyten Duyvil where Harlem River joins the Hudson, (103) In the channel northward of Governors Island, and at such times it is difficult for low-powered vessels cross currents may be encountered. During the first 2 or tows to make much headway. Under conditions of hours of flood in this channel (eastward), the current in strong winds the slips on the exposed side of the chan- Hudson River is still ebbing (southward). In the first nel become packed with drift ice, causing difficulty 1.5 hours of ebb (westward) in the channel north of when maneuvering in the slip or when berthing. Governors Island, the current in Hudson River is still flooding (northward). At such times large vessels must take special care in navigating the channel. It is Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:27 PM

Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen New York Harbor and Approaches I Chapter 11 I 365 During extremely severe winters navigation is inter- the driest with 2.86 inches (74 mm). Average annual fered with seriously for only short periods of time. precipitation is about 41 inches (1041 mm). Most of the rainfall from June through September comes from (110) New York City, an area exceeding 300 square stat- thunderstorms, therefore, is usually of brief duration, ute miles (777 square km), is located on the Atlantic but relatively intense. Thunderstorm days average 24 coastal plain at the mouth of the Hudson River. The ter- each year. From October to April, however, precipita- rain is flat and diversified by numerous waterways; all tion is generally associated with widespread storm ar- but one of the city’s five boroughs are situated on is- eas, so that day-long rain or snow is common. lands. Elevations range from less than 50 feet (15.2 m) (115) Snow falls an average 30 days each year and aver- over most of Manhattan, Brooklyn, and Queens to al- ages 22 inches (559 mm) in any given year. The snowi- most 300 feet (91.4 m) in the northern part of est month is February with an average of eight inches Manhattan and the Bronx, and over 400 feet (122 m) in (203 mm). Snow has fallen in each month, October Richmond (Staten Island). through April. The greatest 24-hour total snowfall was 20 inches (508 mm) which fell in February 1969. (111) Despite its nearness to the ocean and the numer- (116) Tropical storms have influenced the area fourteen ous bays and rivers nearby, New York City has a climate times since 1871. Most recently, Hurricane Gloria which more closely resembles the continental type of passed within 20 nautical miles east of the Kennedy air- climate than it does the maritime type. Its modified port in September 1985. Gloria had winds approaching continental climate follows from the fact that weather 75 knots at time of landfall, about halfway between conditions affecting the city usually approach from a Kennedy airport and Islip. Only two days earlier, Gloria westerly direction and not from the ocean on the east. was a more respectable 125-knot hurricane. Some important exceptions to this must be noted, (117) The National Weather Service maintains several of- since the oceanic influence is by no means entirely ab- fices in New York where barometers can be compared. sent. During the summer, local “sea breezes,” winds (See appendix for addresses.) blowing onshore from the cool water surface often (118) (See page T-8 for New York City climatological ta- moderate the afternoon heat; and most often in winter, ble.) coastal storms, accompanied by easterly winds, pro- duce, on occasion, considerable amounts of precipita- (119) Foreign vessels and U.S. vessels under register en- tion. tering or departing from the Port of New York and New Jersey must employ a pilot licensed by the State of New (112) From November through April the prevailing York or New Jersey. Enrolled vessels must have on winds are from the northwest; for the remainder of the board or employ a pilot licensed by the Federal Govern- year the prevailing winds are southwesterly. Gales with ment. velocities of 35 knots or more are predominately from the northwest. (120) Pilotage service for vessels entering the Port of New York and New Jersey through Lower Bay and (113) At New York/Kennedy the average annual tempera- intra-harbor movements is available from the United ture is 54°F (12.2°C). The average high is 61°F (16.1°C) New York New Jersey Sandy Hook Pilot Association, and the average low is 47°F (8.3°C). July is the warmest 201 Edgewater Street, Staten Island, NY 10305, tele- month with an average high of 83°F (28°C) and an av- phone 718 448-3900, FAX 718 876-8055 e–mail: erage low of 69°F (20.6°C). January is the coolest [email protected]. month with an average high of 39°F (3.9°C) and an av- erage low of 26°F (-3.3°C). The warmest temperature (121) The pilot boat maintains station in the triangu- on record for New York/Kennedy is 104°F (40°C) re- lar-shaped cruising area west of Ambrose Light. All corded in July 1966 and the coldest temperature on re- traffic passes through a precautionary area transiting cord is -2°F (-18.9°C) recorded in January 1985. On to the pilot station and most vessels choose to approach average, ten days each year record high temperatures the pilot station triangle by passing to the south of in excess of 90°F (32.2°C) and 78 days record minimum Ambrose Light. Traffic within the precautionary area temperatures below 32°F (0°C). An average of only one may consist of vessels making the transition between day each year has an extreme minimum below 5°F operating in Ambrose or Sandy Hook Channel and one (-15°C). of the traffic lanes. Mariners are advised to exercise ex- treme care in navigating within this area. The pilot (114) Precipitation is both moderate and distributed boats have a black hull and white superstructure, with evenly throughout the year with a spread of only 1.06 the name PILOT NO. 1 or PILOT NO. 2 in yellow on inches (28 mm) between the wettest and driest each side; and fly a blue flag. A pilot boat is always on months. May is the wettest month with an average pre- cipitation total of 3.92 inches (991 mm) and February Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:27 PM

Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen 366 I Chapter 11 I New York Harbor and Approaches station; boarding is made from a smaller boat. The pilot (126) Pilotage for U.S. enrolled vessels in the coastwise boat monitors VHF-FM channels 16, 13, and 73; works trade is available from the United New York New Jersey on 73. Sandy Hook Pilot Association (see above) and Interport (122) Pilot services are arranged in advance through Pilots Agency, Inc., P.O. Box 236, Port Monmouth, NJ ships’ agents. A 24-hour advance notice of ETA, with a 07758; telephone 800-346-4877, FAX 908-787-5538, 3-hour update is requested. Vessel arrival is reported to Cable PORTPILOTS. One pilot boat is the INTERPORT, the Maritime Exchange in New York by the pilots. 45-foot, with blue hull and white superstructure, with (123) Pilotage for these waters for U.S. enrolled vessels in PILOT in blue letters on the forward side of the house. coastwise trade is also available from the Interport Pi- KEN JOHNSON is 45-foot in length, same colors. The lots Agency, Port Monmouth, NJ 07758-0236; tele- pilot boat monitors channels 13 and 65A; works chan- phone 800-346-4877 or 908-787-5554 (24 hours), cable nel 65A. Pilot boarding area is about 1.5 miles south- PORTPILOTS Port Monmouth, NJ. The Interport Pilots east of Scotland Lighted Horn Buoy S. office monitors VHF-FM channels 16 and 65A, during business hours, Monday through Friday. Pilot boats are (127) See Pilotage, Hudson River (indexed as such), KEN JOHNSON, 47 feet long with blue hull and white chapter 12. superstructure, and the word PILOT displayed in blue letters on the forward side of the house; and pilot boat (128) The Port of New York and New Jersey has several INTERPORT, 40 feet long with the same colors. The pi- towing companies with radio-equipped tugs with over lot boats monitor VHF-FM channel 13 and 16, 2 hours 4,000 hp. Arrangements for tugs are usually made in prior to vessels scheduled ETA, and work on channel advance by ships’ agents. Fireboats are stationed 65A. Vessels are generally boarded in the charted, des- throughout the harbor. ignated pilot area, outlined by a triangular magenta band west of Ambrose Light. Arrangements for pilot (129) New York is a customs port of entry and the head- services are made in advance through ship’s agents or quarters of the Regional Commissioner. directly to Interport Pilots Agency, Inc. (124) Foreign vessels and U.S. vessels under register en- (130) (See chapter 3, Vessel Arrival Inspections, and ap- tering or departing from the Port of New York and New pendix for addresses.) Jersey from Long Island Sound must employ a pilot li- censed by the State of New York. Enrolled vessels must (131) Quarantine is enforced in accordance with regula- have on board or employ a pilot licensed by the Federal tions of the U.S. Public Health Service. (See Public Government. Pilotage service for vessels entering the Health Service, chapter 1.) Port of New York and New Jersey from Long Island Sound is available from the United New York New Jer- (132) A Coast Guard station is at Rosebank on Staten Is- sey Sandy Hook Pilot Association (see above). The pilot land. A Captain of the Port office and Marine Inspec- boat boarding area is off Execution Rocks. The pilot tion Office are at Fort Wadsworth, Staten Island. boat ties up at a pier on the east side of City Island about 0.4 mile northward of Belden Point. The pilot station, (133) The administration of the Port of New York and on the pier, and the pilot boat monitor VHF-FM chan- New Jersey and the enforcement of its laws are vested nel 13 when vessels are scheduled to arrive. The 48-foot in no single body, but are divided among various de- pilot boat has a black hull with the word PILOT in red partments of the Federal, State, and Municipal Govern- letters on each side of the house. Arrangements for pi- ments. lots are made in advance either directly by the vessel or through ships’ agents. Notification is mandatory 24 (134) The Coast Guard desires to warn masters and pilots hours prior to arrival and ETA updates are required 12 of all types of vessels that possible action may result and 6 hours prior to arrival. against their licenses and criminal procedures may be exercised, when the wash of a vessel proceeding at ex- (125) Masters of vessels entering the Port of New York cessive speed in confined waters endangers life, limb, and New Jersey are requested, prior to the time of or property. Damage to vessels moored at docks and boarding, to contact the pilot boat to ascertain a proper terminals has been reported. The parting of a mooring boarding speed, make a lee for the pilot boat, and have a pilot ladder over the side about 1 meter above the wa- ter. Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:28 PM

Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen New York Harbor and Approaches I Chapter 11 I 367 line may cause a serious oil fire or damage to pipelines sold by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. (See appen- or barges which are being loaded or discharged at dix for address.) chemical and petroleum company terminals. Damage caused by excessive speed may also lead to a possible (141) Provisions and supplies of all kinds are available in suit by the injured party against owners, masters, or pi- the Port of New York and New Jersey. All grades of lots for monetary recovery. heavy marine bunker fuel, lubricants, and diesel fuel can be obtained. Large vessels are usually bunkered at (135) The New York City Department of Ports and Ter- their berths by tank barges or self-propelled tankers. minals administers the piers along the New York wa- Water is available at most of the piers and wharves. terfront within the city limits. The office is at The Battery Maritime Building. (142) The Port of New York and New Jersey has extensive facilities for making all types of repairs to vessels of all (136) The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey is sizes. The shipyards at Brooklyn, Hoboken, Staten Is- an executive body appointed by the Governors of New land, Queens, and Perth Amboy can drydock some of York and New Jersey. The Authority’s Port Department the largest ocean-going vessels, and can make major serves as a bistate port development, operations, main- repairs to hull, electronic equipment, machinery, and tenance, and promotion organization. The Port Au- propulsion plants. Also within the port area, a number thority administers piers in Manhattan, Brooklyn, of firms without waterfront facilities are engaged in Hoboken, Port Newark, and Port Elizabeth. The office various types of marine repair work. These firms main- of the Authority is at the 233 Park Avenue South, New tain ships and portable equipment for making York, NY 10003. above-waterline repairs and for installation of equip- ment, gear, and machinery on all types of craft at berth. (137) The Port of New York and New Jersey has over Several salvage companies also perform all types of sal- 1,100 waterfront facilities. Most of these facilities are vage work. privately owned and operated, and the rest are owned or operated by either the railroads serving the port, the (143) The largest floating drydock, east of Red Hook Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, the City of Channel and on the east side of Erie Basin, has a lifting New York, the States of New York and New Jersey, the capacity of 16,000 tons, an overall length of 580 feet, a Federal Government, or other municipalities. maximum clear inside width of 100 feet, and a depth of 28 feet over the keel blocks. The largest graving dock is (138) The major steamship passenger terminal, the New on the east side of Wallabout Bay at the site of the for- York City Passenger Ship Terminal, is along the east mer New York Naval Shipyard. The dock has a clear side of the Hudson River (North River) above The Bat- length of 1,092 feet, clear gate width of 143 feet, top tery. Containership terminals are throughout the port, and bottom inside widths of 150 feet, and 34 feet over but principally at Elizabeth, Newark, Jersey City, and the keel blocks; cranes to 200 tons are available. The Weehawken, N.J. Other containership facilities are at largest marine railway, on the east side of East Mill Ba- Howland Hook, Staten Island, and Brooklyn. sin in Jamaica Bay, can handle vessels up to 300 tons of Break-bulk general cargo terminals are throughout the 120 feet long. port but principally along the east side of Upper New York Bay, on the East River, and at Port Newark. Petro- (144) The Port of New York and New Jersey is served by leum and other liquid cargo facilities are along Arthur three trunkline and one short-line railroads, numerous Kill, on the Passaic and Hackensack Rivers, and along trucking firms engaged in long- and short-haul freight Newtown Creek, Brooklyn. service, and several bus companies. Over 100 steam- ship companies connect the port with the principal (139) General cargo in the port is usually handled to and U.S. and foreign ports. from vessels by ship’s tackle. Heavy lifts up to 500 tons, floating cranes up to 500 tons, and derricks are avail- (145) Three major airports, John F. Kennedy (New York) able in port. Most of the waterfront facilities through- International, La Guardia, and Newark, provide fre- out the port have highway and railroad connections. quent scheduled service between New York and domes- tic and overseas points. (140) The wharves and piers of New York City along the waterfronts of the Hudson and East Rivers are num- bered beginning at The Battery and follow in sequence eastward along the East River and northward along the Hudson River. For a complete description of the water- front facilities throughout the Port of New York and New Jersey refer to Port Series No. 5, published and Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:28 PM

Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen 368 I Chapter 11 I New York Harbor and Approaches Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:30 PM

Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen New York Harbor and Approaches I Chapter 11 I 369 (146) Rockaway Inlet the entrance to Jamaica Bay, is be- Barren Island it is about 1.5 knots. (See Tidal Current tween Rockaway Point on the southeast side and Tables for predictions.) Manhattan Beach and Barren Island on the north side. (151) Jamaica Bay is on the south shore of Long Island The inlet is obstructed by a shifting sandbar. A jetty, about 15 miles southeastward of The Battery, New York marked near the outer end by a light, extends south City. The bay is characterized by numerous meadows, from Rockaway Point. The entrance channel extends hassocks, and marshes. The north and east shores are westward of the jetty and is marked by lighted and bordered by marshlands which extend inland for a unlighted buoys. The channel has depths of about 15 short distance. Several small tidal creeks enter the bay feet or more at midchannel. A shoal with depths of less from the north. Channels and basins have been than 1 foot and marked by breakers is west of the en- dredged to project depths of 12 to 20 feet for use of craft trance channel. Obstructions at the entrance to the in- operating in the bay. Rockaway Beach forms the south let are: covered 22 feet about 0.6 mile south-southwest shore. The bay is about 7 miles long and 3.5 miles wide, of the jetty light in about 40°31'55\"N., 73°57'00\"W.; and covers an area of about 22.5 square miles. The covered 20 feet about 0.5 mile south-southeast of the greater portion of the bay is in the Boroughs of Brook- jetty light in about 40°31'55\"N., 73°56'11\"W.; covered lyn and Queens, New York City, and a small section of 19 feet about 0.6 mile south-southeast of the jetty light the eastern extremity, consisting of parts of Motts Ba- in about 40°31'55\"N., 73°56'00\"W.; covered 15 feet sin and Head of Bay, is in Nassau County. about 0.3 mile southwest of the jetty light in about (152) Special anchorages are in Jamaica Bay. (See 110.1, 40°32'15\"N., 73°56'48\"W.; and covered 19 feet about and 110.60 (s) and (s–1), chapter 2, for limits and reg- 0.3 mile south of the jetty light in about 40°32'08\"N., ulations.) 73°56'27\"W. (153) The commercial vessel traffic in Jamaica Bay con- sists of motor tankers, barges, and tugs. The bay is used (147) There are two sunken wrecks farther inside the in- extensively by pleasure craft. let; the first in 40°34'09\"N., 73°53'56\"W., about 0.6 (154) Jamaica Bay has excellent transportation facilities. mile westward of the Gil Hodges Memorial Bridge, has Highways connect with all of Long Island and New York 15- and 9-foot depths immediately westward and City, and a branch of the New York City subway system southward, respectively, from it; the second is in crosses the central part of the bay and extends eastward 40°34'30\"N., 73°52'30\"W., about 0.4 mile eastward of and westward along the Rockaway peninsula with sta- the bridge. tions at Far Rockaway and Inwood serving the Motts Basin area. (148) In July 1980, shoaling to about 3 feet was reported (155) Ice is a problem in Jamaica Bay, mainly in the trib- in the inlet about 1.75 miles west of the Gil Hodges Me- utaries and basins, from early January to about morial Bridge in about 40°34'21\"N., 73°55'29.5\"W. mid-March. (156) Sheepshead Bay, on the northern side of the east- (149) Gil Hodges Memorial (Marine Parkway) Bridge, ern extremity of Coney Island and northward of crossing Rockaway Inlet between Rockaway Point and Manhattan Beach, is well protected and is used by nu- Barren Island, has a vertical lift span with a clearance of merous pleasure and party fishing craft. The entrance 55 feet down and 152 feet up. The bridgetender moni- channel is marked by buoys and has a depth of about 14 tors VHF-FM channel 13 (156.65 MHz); call sign, feet except for shoaling to 12 feet along the east edge of KIL–819. (See 117.1 through 117.59 and 117.795, the channel north of Lighted Buoy 6 in March 1983. In chapter 2, for drawbridge regulations.) Rockaway April 1985, depths of 6 to 10 feet were available inside Coast Guard Station is just west of the bridge on the bay to the bridge near the head of navigation except Rockaway Point. for some shoaling to 2 feet along the edges. A private light marks the outer limit of an sewer outfall that ex- (150) The mean range of tide at Rockaway Inlet is about 5 tends southward from the bay. feet. In the entrance channel near Rockaway Point the (157) Special anchorages are in Sheepshead Bay. (See tidal current has a velocity of about 2.2 knots. The ebb 110.1 and 110.60(x), chapter 2, for limits and regula- attains a greater velocity than the flood and probably tions.) exceeds 3 knots at times. In August 1975, a strong (158) A small-craft facility in the bay can handle craft to east-to-west current, believed to have been the result of 1½ tons. Berths, electricity, gasoline, diesel fuel, water, tidal flow, was observed at the entrance to Rockaway In- ice, marine supplies, storage, and engine repairs are let near the seaward end of the jetty. This current is of available. sufficient strength to cause a vessel to veer suddenly off (159) Plumb Beach Channel, northward of Rockaway In- course when entering or exiting the channel. South of let, is the common approach to Gerritsen Inlet, Shell Barren Island the velocity is about 2 knots; east of Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:30 PM

Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen 370 I Chapter 11 I New York Harbor and Approaches Bank Creek, Gerritsen Creek, and Mill Creek. A fixed KX–8185. Mariners are requested to avoid causing highway bridge with a clearance of 35 feet crosses the bridge openings during peak commuter hours of 0700 inlet. The channel is marked by buoys. It was reported to 0900 and 1600 to 1800 Monday through Friday. that with local knowledge a depth of 12 feet can be car- (167) East Mill Basin is about 0.4 mile northeastward of ried at midchannel through the channel and inlet to Mill Basin. In May 1981, a reported midchannel depth the head of Shell Bank Creek. Mariners are advised to of 13 feet could be taken to the head of the basin. follow the buoys through the inlet closely, as a reported Small-craft facilities in the basin can provide berths shoal area with a least depth of 2½ feet is about 0.1 mile with electricity, water, marine supplies, a 15-ton fork- southeastward of Plumb Beach Channel Buoy 7 and a lift, and marine railways to 300 tons; complete hull and reported obstruction is 0.3 mile eastward of the buoy. engine repairs are available. (160) From the highway bridge over Gerritsen Inlet, (168) Bergen Beach is a community about 2 miles north Shell Bank Creek leads westerly and Gerritsen Creek of Barren Island. Paerdegat Basin, just north of Bergen and Mill Creek lead northwesterly. There are dangerous Beach, has a midchannel depth of about 11 feet. A fixed pilings and remains of old barges along the south side highway bridge across the basin near the mouth has a of Shell Bank Creek, and several submerged wrecks in clearance of 29 feet. A marina at the head of the basin Gerritsen and Mill Creeks. The fixed highway bridge can haul out craft up to 15 tons. Gasoline, marine sup- over Mill Creek is in ruins; mariners are advised to ex- plies, water, and engine and hull repairs are available. ercise caution in this area as some parts of the bridge In May 1981, a reported depth of 8 feet could be taken structure have fallen into the water and are an obstruc- to the marina. Several yacht clubs are also in the basin. tion to navigation. (169) Canarsie, a town on the northwestern shore of Ja- (161) Small-craft facilities on Shell Bank Creek can pro- maica Bay, is a part of New York City. Canarsie Pier, on vide berths with electricity, gasoline, diesel fuel, water, the northwest shore of Jamaica Bay between Paerdegat ice, marine supplies, lifts to 60 tons, and a 90-foot ma- Basin and Fresh Creek, has two prominent flagpoles rine railway; complete hull and engine repairs are near its center. The pier is structurally unsafe, and available. landing is not permitted. The pier is a part of Gateway (162) Dead Horse Bay makes into the southwest side of National Recreation Area. Barren Island eastward of the highway bridge across (170) Fresh Creek, 0.6 mile northeastward of the pier at Gerritsen Inlet. A marina, on the north side of the bay, Canarsie, has a midchannel depth of about 8 feet. A has berths and moorings. highway bridge across the creek near the entrance has (163) Island Channel leads northerly from just eastward a 43-foot fixed span with a clearance of 21 feet. Hendrix of Barren Island to Bergen Beach, thence northeasterly Creek, 0.4 mile northeastward of Fresh Creek, is the in North Channel to Howard Beach. In March-April site of a sewage treatment plant. Old Mill Creek, 1.1 1998, depths of about 12 feet can be carried to Howard miles northeastward of Fresh Creek, bares at low water Beach. The channels are marked by lighted and just above the entrance. Fresh, Hendrix, and Old Mill unlighted buoys. Creeks were little used in 1971. (164) Big Fishkill Channel and Pumpkin Patch Channel (171) Howard Beach, about 2.5 miles eastward of lead in a northeasterly direction from Runway Channel Canarsie, on the north side of Jamaica Bay, has several just west of Ruffle Bar and joins North Channel 0.3 basins for boats. North Channel Bridge, just south of mile west of the North Channel Bridge at Howard Howard Beach, has a fixed span with a clearance of 26 Beach. feet. (165) Mill Basin is northward of Barren Island on the (172) Shellbank Basin, extending northward about 1 west side of Jamaica Bay. Commercial traffic in the ba- mile from North Channel and just west of Howard sin consists of occasional barge shipments of petro- Beach, had a reported controlling depth of 5 feet in May leum. In May 1981, a reported depth of 13 feet could be 1981. The basin has numerous small piers, float land- taken to the north end of the basin. Small-craft facili- ings, and other small-craft facilities along the west ties in the basin can provide berths with electricity, gas- side. Berths with electricity, water, a 15-ton lift, and oline, water, ice, marine supplies, and complete hull complete hull and engine repairs are available. The bas- and engine repairs; a 50-ton marine railway and lifts to cule span of a former highway bridge across the basin 20 tons are available. has been permanently removed leaving a channel (166) The Shore Parkway bascule highway bridge with a width of 40 feet. clearance of 34 feet crosses Mill Basin between Barren (173) Hawtree Basin, about 0.2 mile eastward of Island and Brooklyn. (See 117.1 through 117.59 and Shellbank Basin, has a depth of about 11 feet. A fixed 117.795, chapter 2, for drawbridge regulations.) The pedestrian bridge, about 0.3 mile above the mouth, has bridgetender monitors VHF-FM channel 13; call sign a clearance of 17 feet. Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:30 PM

Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen New York Harbor and Approaches I Chapter 11 I 371 (174) A railroad bridge across North Channel, at Hamil- depth was 12 feet (15 feet at midchannel). The shallow- ton Beach, 0.5 mile east of the North Channel Bridge, est water is abeam Brant Point between Buoy 14 and has a fixed span with a clearance of 26 feet. Buoy 16 and at the junction with Negro Bar Channel in the vicinity of Lighted Buoy 23. (175) Rockaway Beach is a popular summer resort on the (181) Sommerville Basin, about 1.2 miles eastward of barrier beach forming the southern extremity of Ja- the railroad bridge at Rockaway Beach, has depths of 27 maica Bay. Train and bus transportation is available to to 40 feet inside. In May 1981, depths of about 15 feet New York City. Excursion boats operate between New were reported in the approach. Several charted sunken York and Rockaway Beach during the summer only. wrecks are in the basin. A boatyard at the head of the Berths, electricity, gasoline, water, ice, limited sup- basin has berths, electricity, gasoline, water, ice, lim- plies, storage, a 100-foot marine railway, and a 12-ton ited marine supplies, storage facilities, a launching lift are available at Rockaway Beach in Vernam Basin, ramp, a 45-foot marine railway, and a 7-ton mobile about 0.7 mile northeastward of Cross Bay Memorial hoist; engine and hull repairs can be made. Bridge. Hull and engine repair facilities are also avail- (182) Motts Basin, a tidal inlet in the eastern part of Ja- able. maica Bay, entered through Negro Bar Channel, par- tially separates the communities of Inwood and Far (176) Beach Channel is on the north side of Rockaway Rockaway. Two branch channels lead from inside the Beach. A Federal project provides for a channel 18 feet entrance to the northeasterly and southeasterly ends of deep from Rockaway Inlet to about 700 yards above Gil the basin. In March-April 1998, the controlling depth Hodges Memorial Bridge, thence 15 feet deep to the was 10 feet (15 feet at midchannel) in the entrance junction with Grass Hassock Channel. In March-April channel, thence 11 feet (15 feet at midchannel) in the 1998, the controlling depth was 18 feet to the junction northeastern branch, thence 9 feet (15 feet at of Island Channel and Beach Channel, thence 13 feet midchannel) in the southeastern branch to just below (15 feet at midchannel) to Grass Hassock Channel. The the head of each channel. Ice may obstruct vessel north draw of the railroad swing bridge about 3.8 miles movement in the basin during severe winters. above Gil Hodges Memorial Bridge had 15 feet and the (183) Overhead power cables across Motts Basin have the south draw 13 feet. following clearances: one over the northerly arm, 70 feet; two over the southerly arm, least clearance 92 feet; (177) A 056°–236° measured nautical mile is along the and one over the cut on the south side of the southerly south shore of Jamaica Bay parallel with the concrete arm, 60 feet. A retractable boom is on the south shore and wood flood barrier of Beach Channel Drive south- of the basin about 90 yards northwest of the overhead ward of Nova Scotia Bar. The structures are maintained cable tower. A light is shown from the boom when it is by the Brooklyn Power Squadron; the front markers extended into the water. are black and yellow chevrons, and the rear markers are (184) Depths alongside the wharves in Motts Basin range orange squares. from 10 to 20 feet. Waterborne commerce in the basin is chiefly in petroleum products. (178) Cross Bay Memorial Bridge, crossing Beach Chan- (185) Head of Bay joins Grass Hassock Channel near nel at Rockaway Beach, has a fixed span with a clear- Northwest Point and extends in a northeasterly direc- ance of 52 feet. The railroad bridge over Beach tion on the south side of John F. Kennedy (New York) Channel, 0.5 mile eastward, has a swing span with a International Airport. Depths of about 15 feet are in clearance of 26 feet. (See 117.1 through 117.49, chap- the entrance channel and channel in the bay; aids mark ter 2, for drawbridge regulations.) East Broad Channel the channels. In May 1981, it was reported that a draft is blocked off by the railroad trestle of this bridge. of 15 feet could be taken to the oil piers at Uncle Daniels Point at high water. Several small marinas in (179) Winhole Channel, a natural channel marked by the bay can provide berths, electricity, water, ice, ma- buoys, seasonal lights, and a daybeacon, extends 1 mile rine supplies, storage facilities, and a launching ramp; northward to Grassy Bay from the junction of Beach minor engine and hull repairs can be made. Channel with Grass Hassock Channel. Winhole Chan- (186) Thurston Basin, at the northeastern extremity of nel has a least depth of about 11 feet, except for re- Head of Bay, has reported depths of 10 feet at the en- ported shoaling to 4 feet extending into the channel trance decreasing to 2 feet at the head. northeast from Winhole Channel Light 3 in about (187) Grassy Bay, along the southwestern side of John F. 40°36.8'N., 73°48.4'W. Winhole Channel Shoal Kennedy (New York) International Airport in the Daybeacon marks the center of a shoal near the north northeastern part of Jamaica Bay, is blocked at the end of the channel. The daybeacon should not be southeastern end by an airport runway. The runway passed close aboard. A lighted buoy marks the junction of Beach, Grass Hassock, and Winhole Channels. (180) Grass Hassock Channel joins Beach Channel off Brant Point and continues in a northeasterly direction to Head of Bay. In March-April 1998, the controlling Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:30 PM

Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen 372 I Chapter 11 I New York Harbor and Approaches continues into the marshlands on the southerly side of May 1981, a reported depth of 4 feet could be carried to the bay. the boatyard. (188) Bergen Basin, at the northern extremity of Grassy (193) A buoyed channel with a least depth of 10 feet leads Bay, has depths of about 15 feet with lesser depths in from deep water northward of Coney Island to off the the eastern arm of the basin. The entrance is marked by docks in the eastern part of Gravesend Bay. A buoys. Conspicuous are a yellow brick circular tank small-craft facility on Gravesend Bay can provide about 40 feet high on the southwestern side of the en- berths, electricity, gasoline, diesel fuel, water, ice, stor- trance and the numerous oil storage tanks at the head age, marine supplies, and hull and engine repairs. Lifts of the basin on the eastern shore. Coastal tankers and up to 30 tons are available. In May 1981, a reported sand-and-gravel barge tows account for most of the depth of 15 feet could be carried to the marina. commerce in the basin. In January 1988, a sunken wreck was reported in the eastern arm of the basin in about 40°39.7'N., 73°49.1'W. (189) Coney Island, on the northern side of the entrance (194) The Narrows, connecting Lower Bay and Upper to New York Harbor, is a large summer amusement re- Bay of New York Harbor, has a clear width of over 0.6 sort. Numerous stacks, towers, and amusement rides, mile at its narrowest point between Fort Wadsworth including a red steel parachute tower 303 feet high, are and Fort Hamilton. The Verrazano Narrows Bridge, a prominent on the island. Coney Island Light fixed suspension span, crosses The Narrows at these (40°34.6'N., 74°00.7'W.), 75 feet above the water, is two points linking Staten Island with Brooklyn. The shown from a white square skeleton tower on Norton bridge has a vertical clearance of 217 feet for a Point, the westernmost extremity of the island. midchannel width of 2,000 feet. Note: A traveling maintenance platform, when in operation, reduces the (190) Coney Island Channel is a buoyed passage along vertical clearances by 15 feet. A fog signal is sounded the south side of Coney Island that leads from deep wa- from the eastern end of the bridge. ter in Lower Bay to Rockaway Inlet. In January-April 2000, the controlling depth was 12 feet. It is used prin- (195) Coast Guard Station New York, numerous cipally by vessels going to Jamaica Bay and Coney Is- deep-draft piers, and ferry terminals are on the east side land. of Staten Island between Fort Wadsworth and St. George. (191) Gravesend Bay, northward of Coney Island, affords good anchorage in depths of 11 to 50 feet. A general an- (196) Upper Bay is that portion of New York Harbor be- chorage is in the bay. (See 110.1 and 110.155(e), tween The Narrows and The Battery. Anchorage Chan- chapter 2, for limits and regulations.) The southeast- nel, marked by lighted buoys, is the main passage erly part of the bay is shoal with depths of 1 to 6 feet. through the middle of the bay. Bay Ridge Flats is a shoal area with depths of 8 to 20 feet east of Anchorage (192) Coney Island Creek is at the southeastern end of Channel. Gowanus Flats is at the north end of Bay Gravesend Bay and on the north side of Coney Island. Ridge Flats. Jersey Flats, the area on the New Jersey Commercial traffic on the creek consists mainly of oc- side west of Anchorage Channel, is much shoaler with casional barge shipments of sand and gravel. The area depths up to 9 feet. Channels have been dredged northward of the entrance to the creek is being filled, through these shoal areas to provide access to the piers and piling is along the northern side of the creek at the on both sides of the bay. filling site. Numerous obstructions and wrecks are in the creek. In February 1991, depths of about 9 feet were (197) Bay Ridge Channel, Red Hook Channel, and But- available to just below the Cropsey Avenue bridge, termilk Channel follow the Brooklyn piers from The about 1 mile above the entrance, but local knowledge is Narrows to East River. Midchannel depths in these required to carry the best water, thence shoaling to channels are generally 35 to 40 feet with lesser depths bare to a point about 0.2 mile above the Cropsey Ave- on the sides; see the latest chart for guidance. Caution nue bridge. The creek is crossed by four fixed bridges should be exercised when docking and undocking ves- having a least clearance of 2 feet. A boatyard about 0.8 sels along the southeasterly side of Bay Ridge Channel mile above the creek entrance provides berths, electric- because the current may flow in a direction opposite to ity, gasoline, water, ice, storage, marine supplies, and the normal channel flow, especially between the piers. hull and engine repairs. Lifts to 14 tons are available. In (198) Gowanus Bay, at the junction of Bay Ridge and Red Hook Channels, is a bight in the Brooklyn shore at the mouth of Gowanus Canal. A dredged channel leads Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:31 PM

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Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen 374 I Chapter 11 I New York Harbor and Approaches from Gowanus Bay to the Hamilton Avenue Bridge, with the lower half brown and the upper half white, on about 1 mile above the mouth of the bay. In April 1990, the southeastern part of Jersey Flats. the controlling depths were 21 feet (25 feet at (206) Pierhead Channel leads from the main channel midchannel) to Sigourney Street, about 0.15 mile be- about 0.7 mile southward of Liberty Island, thence low the head of the project, thence 22 feet to the Hamil- along the New Jersey pierhead line to Kill Van Kull. The ton Avenue Bridge. channel, through connecting branch channels, leads to the Caven Point Pier, Claremont Terminal, the ConRail (199) The improved section of Gowanus Canal above car float facility, and Global Terminal Wharf. In Febru- Hamilton Avenue has depths of about 8 to 12 feet. The ary-March 1999, the controlling depths were 6½ feet Third Street, Carroll Street, and Union Street bridges (7½ feet at midchannel) to a line connecting Buoy 4 across the canal have the following minimum clear- and the southeast end of Caven Point Pier, just north of ances: drawbridges, 3 feet; fixed bridges, 90 feet. The Claremont Terminal Channel, thence 11 feet (14 feet at fixed bridge across that part of the canal which extends midchannel) to Buoy 16, thence 13 feet (18 feet at southward along Fifth Street has a clearance of 20 feet. midchannel) to Kill Van Kull except for shoaling to 3½ (See 117.1 through 117.59 and 117.787, chapter 2, feet off of the eastern end of Global Marine Terminal. for drawbridge regulations.) The Military Ocean Terminal, to the south of Global Terminal Wharf, can also be reached through a channel (200) The Hamilton Avenue and Ninth Street draw- northward of Robbins Reef Light. The channels are well bridges, 1 and 1.2 miles above the entrance of Gowanus marked with navigational aids. Note that the buoyage Bay, respectively, are equipped with radiotelephones. system changes southward of Military Ocean Terminal. The bridgetenders monitor VHF-FM channel 13; call signs KX–8183 and KX–8186, respectively. (207) Sandy Hook Bay is the southern part of Lower Bay, westward of Sandy Hook and eastward of Point Com- (201) Erie Basin, just north of Gowanus Bay, is entered fort. The bay is an excellent anchorage, the depths of from the Red Hook Channel. The basin has drydock and water ranging from 30 feet just inside Sandy Hook to repair facilities for vessels. A graving dock here can 15 feet near its southern part; the shoaling is gradual handle vessels up to 550 feet in length and 26 to 28 feet and the bottom is good holding ground. In 1983, shoal- in draft; cranes to 50 tons are available. A floating ing to depths of 14 to 17 feet was reported on a line drydock in the basin has a lifting capacity of 16,000 from Sandy Hook Point Obstruction Buoy 1 to the tons, length of 580 feet, a clear inside width of 100 feet, mouth of Shrewsbury River. The best anchorage dur- and a depth of 28 feet over the blocks. The entrance is ing easterly and southeasterly winds is in the eastern marked by a light and the basin is marked by private part of the bay. Vessels of more than 24-foot draft will lighted and unlighted buoys. not find good anchorage out of the channel until above Fort Wadsworth. Extensive shoals make off northward (202) East River is a 14-mile-long tidal strait that con- and eastward from Point Comfort, but as the depths of nects Upper Bay with Long Island Sound. For descrip- water decrease gradually, soundings will give sufficient tion of East River and the route to New York Harbor warning of too close an approach to the shore. Shal- from Long Island Sound, see East River (indexed as low-draft vessels can reportedly find satisfactory an- such), chapter 9. chorage in Horseshoe Cove, on the east side of the bay. In August 1999, the spit of land that forms Horseshoe (203) Governors Island is at the Upper Bay entrance to Cove was reported visible only at extreme low water. East River. Fort Jay is on the northern part of the is- Shoals extend an additional 200 yards southeastward land, and Castle William is on its northeast side. The from the end of the charted spit to about 40°26.7'N., main channel is westward of the island. Lights and fog 73°59.9'W. Mariners are cautioned not to navigate over signals are near the southern tip and on the northwest this finger of land. Heavy fish traps extend out to a side of the island. The hexagonal shaped structure of depth of 20 feet in places on the shoals on the south- Fort Jay is prominent on the northeast side. west side of Sandy Hook Bay between Atlantic High- lands and Point Comfort. (204) Liberty Island, on the eastern part of Jersey Flats across the main channel from Governors Island, is (208) A 110°-290° measured nautical mile is on the marked by the Statue of Liberty, a colossal structure south side of Sandy Hook Bay off the Municipal Yacht more than 305 feet high; the figure faces southeast- ward. In January 1998, the channel leading to the pier on the west side of the island had a controlling depth of 13 feet, with depths of 11 feet along the northwestern and eastern edges of the dredged area near the pier. (205) Robbins Reef Light (40°39.4'N., 74°04.0'W.), 56 feet above the water, is shown from a conical tower, Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:32 PM

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Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen 376 I Chapter 11 I New York Harbor and Approaches Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:35 PM

Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen New York Harbor and Approaches I Chapter 11 I 377 Basin. The private range markers are reported to be dif- (216) Navigation in Shrewsbury and Navesink Rivers is ficult to identify. generally suspended because of ice from December to (209) Sandy Hook, the southern point at the entrance to March, inclusive. New York Harbor and the northern point of the New Jersey coast, is low and sandy. The hook, including (217) Gasoline, lubricants, marine supplies, and provi- Plum Island at the mouth of the Shrewsbury River, is sions can be obtained at most of the towns along the part of Gateway National Recreation Area. Large areas shores of the Shrewsbury and Navesink Rivers. of the park are bird nesting areas, and landing is not permitted. A light, Sandy Hook Coast Guard Station, a (218) Railroad, ferry, or bus connects with New York to standpipe, a radar tower, and a radio tower on the north points on the New Jersey coast. end of Sandy Hook are prominent. The area around Sandy Hook is changeable and subject to severe shoal- ing; extreme caution is advised. (210) Shrewsbury River and Navesink River empty (219) Highlands is a summer resort on the west side of through a common entrance into the southern extrem- Shrewsbury River 1.5 miles inside the entrance. There ity of Sandy Hook Bay eastward of the Highlands of are good small-craft facilities here. (See the small-craft Navesink. facilities tabulation on chart 12324 for services and supplies available.) (211) A Federal project provides depths of 12 feet from Sandy Hook Bay to a point just above the bascule (220) The railroad bridge across Shrewsbury River at bridge at Highlands, thence 9 feet in Shrewsbury River Highlands is in ruins; caution is advised. The State to the Branchport Avenue Bridge at Long Branch, Route 36 highway bridge (Highlands Bridge) 100 yards about 7.4 miles above the mouth. The Navesink River above the railroad bridge has a bascule span with a has a project depth of 6 feet from where it connects clearance of 35 feet. (See 117.1 through 117.59 and with the Shrewsbury River to the head of the project at 117.755, chapter 2, for drawbridge regulations.) The Red Bank, about 4.9 miles above the mouth. (See No- fender system from the center pier of the railroad tice to Mariners and the latest editions of charts for bridge to the east side of the highway bascule opening controlling depths.) is continuous. The east side of the river northward of the bridge and the west side 0.3 mile southward of the (212) In December 1992, shoaling to bare was reported in bridges are used as anchorages for small craft. the vicinity of Oceanic Bridge in the Navesink River. (221) Caution should be exercised at the junction of the (213) All cables within the area in about 40°24.2'N., Shrewsbury and Navesink Rivers, about 0.6 mile south- 73°59.0'W., in Shrewsbury River have been abandoned. ward of the State Route 36 highway bridge at High- Mariners are cautioned that the cables remain in place. lands, to avoid the submerged stone jetty. Craft entering Navesink River should pass westward of the (214) The mean range of tide is as follows: Highlands, 3.8 lighted junction buoy. The submerged jetty is marked feet; Red Bank, 3 feet; Sea Bright, 1.7 feet; Branchport, by three seasonal buoys. 1.7 feet. Strong southerly and westerly winds lower the water surface, and northerly and easterly winds raise it. (222) The State Route 520 highway bridge (Sea Bright Bridge) over Shrewsbury River between Rumson and (215) At Highlands bridge, the currents have a velocity of Sea Bright has a bascule span with a clearance of 15 about 2.6 knots. At Sea Bright bridge the velocity is feet at the abutment. (See 117.1 through 117.59 and about 1.6 knots. 117.755, chapter 2, for drawbridge regulations.) (223) There are numerous small-craft facilities at Sea Bright. (See the small-craft facilities tabulation on chart 12324 for services and supplies available.) (224) Pleasure Bay, at the southeast end of Shrewsbury River, is crossed by a fixed highway bridge with a clear- ance of 25 feet. Branchport is a small town on the east side of Pleasure Bay at the head of navigation. (225) There are numerous small-craft facilities in Plea- sure Bay. (See the small-craft facilities tabulation on chart 12324 for services and supplies available.) (226) The privately dredged and marked channels in Lit- tle Silver Creek, Town Creek, Oceanport Creek, Parker Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:35 PM

Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen 378 I Chapter 11 I New York Harbor and Approaches Creek, and Blackberry Creek had controlling depths of (234) Atlantic Highlands is a town on the south side of about 5 feet in 1965-67. Sandy Hook Bay about 2 miles west of Sandy Hook. A (227) A fixed highway bridge with a clearance of 24 feet breakwater, marked by a light at its eastern end, forms crosses the westerly part of Shrewsbury River, just east- an anchorage basin. In March 1981, depths of ½ foot to ward of its junction with Parker and Oceanport Creeks. 6 feet were available in the basin. The entrance to the (228) The tributaries that empty into the southeasterly basin is marked by a private 270° lighted range. and southwesterly sides of Shrewsbury River are Small-craft facilities in the basin can provide berths, crossed by bridges with the following clearances: electricity, gasoline, diesel fuel, water, ice, storage, ma- Manhassett Creek, fixed highway, 6 feet; Troutmans rine supplies, launching ramps, and hull and engine re- Creek, fixed highway, 6 feet; Oceanport Creek, Conrail pair; mobile lifts up to 40 tons are available. The basin railroad (Oceanport Bridge) with swing span, 4 feet; is used by numerous pleasure and party fishing craft. and Parker Creek, fixed railroad, 4 feet. (See 117.1 Numerous piles and ruins of former wharves are west- through 117.59 and 117.736, chapter 2, for draw- ward of the basin. bridge regulations.) (229) The channel in Navesink River is crooked but well (235) Terminal Channel, entered from Sandy Hook marked by seasonal buoys. The Oceanic highway bridge Channel about 1 mile west-southwestward of Sandy across the river between Rumson and Locust Point has Hook, leads south-southwestward to a turning basin a bascule span with a clearance of 22 feet. (See 117.1 and to two deepwater ammunition handling piers of through 117.59 and 117.734 for drawbridge regula- the U.S. Naval Ammunition Depot at Leonardo, N.J., a tions.) town on the south side of Sandy Hook Bay. Federal pro- (230) Rumson is a town on the south side about 1.7 miles ject depth is 35 feet in the channel and turning basin. above the entrance to Navesink River. Small-craft facil- (See Notice to Mariners and latest editions of the charts ities just west of the bridge at Rumson can provide for controlling depths.) The channel is marked by a pri- berths, electricity, gasoline, water, ice, and storage. vate 207°30' lighted range and by lighted and Hull and engine repairs can be made, and a 7-ton mo- unlighted buoys. A dredged and marked side channel bile hoist is available. In May 1981, a reported depth of leads southward from the southeastern end of the turn- 5 feet could be carried to the boatyards. ing basin to an ammunition barge-loading pier; depths (231) Fair Haven is on the south side of Navesink River of about 11 feet can be carried to and alongside the pier. about 1 mile above the bridge at Rumson. A boatyard The deepwater piers and barge pier are connected to and two yacht clubs are at Fair Haven. The boatyard can the shore by a trestle that extends 1.6 miles across the provide berths, electricity, gasoline, water, ice, storage, flats from Leonardo. The waters adjacent to the piers marine supplies, and hull, engine, and radio repairs; and trestle are prohibited to navigation. (See 110.155 lifts to 15 tons are available. In June-September 1987, a (f) (1), chapter 2, for rules and regulations.) reported depth of about 7 feet could be taken to the boatyard. (236) Security zones have been established in the vicin- (232) Red Bank, a town near the head of navigation on ity of the U.S. Naval Ammunition Depot and Terminal the Navesink River, has several small-craft facilities. Channel. (See 165.1 through 165.7, 165.30, 165.33, (See the small-craft facilities tabulation on chart 12324 and 165.130, chapter 2, for limits and regulations.) for services and supplies available.) The town has rail- road connections with New York. (237) A dredged channel, about 0.4 mile eastward of the (233) The dredged channel that extends for 1.5 miles trestle at Leonardo, leads southward from Sandy Hook above the landings at Red Bank had a reported Bay to the entrance and basin of a State marina. In midchannel controlling depth of 2 feet to the second 1991, the controlling depths were 8 feet to Buoy 6, highway bridge, and thence less than 1 foot for the rest thence 2.9 feet in the entrance channel to the basin; of the dredged section in 1985. The channel is privately thence in 1983, a reported depth of 6 feet was in the ba- marked by buoys and stakes. The Route 35 highway sin. The channel is marked by private aids to naviga- bridge crosses the river 4.8 miles above the mouth and tion. has a fixed span with a clearance of 12 feet. A railroad bridge crosses the river 450 yards southwest of the (238) Berths, electricity, and water are available in the Route 35 bridge and has a fixed span with a clearance of basin. A boatyard with a 45-foot marine railway is about 9 feet. 0.5 mile eastward of the boat basin; complete hull and engine repairs can be made. (239) Compton Creek, 4 miles westward of Sandy Hook, is used extensively as a harbor of refuge by small fishing craft. The creek is entered through a dredged channel Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:35 PM

Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen New York Harbor and Approaches I Chapter 11 I 379 that leads from Sandy Hook Bay, thence through Bel- (246) A Federal project provides for a 35-foot channel ex- ford (Shoal) Harbor, and thence to about 0.4 mile tending through Lower Bay, the northern part of above the mouth. In August 2000, the controlling Raritan Bay, to the junction with Arthur Kill. (See No- depth was 7 feet (11.2 feet at midchannel) to the turn in tice to Mariners and latest editions of the charts for the channel at about 40°26'02\"N., 74°04'47\"W., thence controlling depths.) 6.9 feet to about 0.4 mile above the mouth of the creek. The entrance channel is marked by a private 199° (247) General anchorages are in Raritan Bay. (See 110.1 lighted range, a lighted buoy, and unlighted buoys. The and 110.155 (j) chapter 2, for limits and regulations.) creek is navigable by small boats for 1 mile to a railroad bridge. Several fixed bridges over the creek have a min- (248) The mean range of tide in Raritan Bay is about 5 imum clearance of 2 feet. A seasonal auxiliary marine feet. police station is on the east side of the creek. (240) A boatyard is on the south side of Compton Creek (249) In ordinary winters ice does not seriously interfere about 0.45 mile above the mouth. Marine supplies, hull with navigation in Raritan River or Arthur Kill, but in and engine repair facilities, and a 90-foot marine rail- severe winters the ice sometimes prevents the move- way are available. A town dock, supervised by a ments of vessels for periods of 2 weeks at a time. In dockmaster, is just downriver of the boatyard. easterly winds the drift ice in Lower Bay collects in (241) Port Monmouth, a village at the head of Compton Raritan Bay and obstructs navigation, but usually only Creek, is a shipping point for fresh fish, shellfish, and for a short time, as the prevailing westerly winds drive inedible animal products. Several private landings and the ice out of the bay. a town landing are available. (242) Pews Creek, about 1 mile northwest of Compton (250) Pilotage for ports in the States of New York and Creek, is marked at the entrance by a private light. In New Jersey is compulsory for foreign vessels and U.S. May 1981, it was reported that 3½ feet could be carried vessels under register. Pilotage for vessels bound for to a marina in the creek. Berths with electricity, gaso- Perth Amboy, South Amboy, or up the Raritan River line, water, ice, marine supplies, a pump-out station, and Arthur Kill is available from the United New York storage, a 15-ton lift, a 40-foot marine railway, and hull New Jersey Sandy Hook Pilot Association. Pilotage is and engine repairs are available. A highway bridge also available from the Interport Pilots Agency, Inc. See crosses the creek about 0.2 mile above the mouth and Pilotage, New York Harbor and Approaches (indexed as has a 31-foot fixed span with a clearance of 12 feet. such) earlier this chapter. (243) Staten Island forms the northwest side of Lower Bay. The high wooded ridge of the island has elevations (251) Tugs are used by the larger vessels and are available of 100 to over 400 feet. South Beach and Midland in New York. (See Towage, New York Harbor, discussed Beach are summer resorts and amusement areas on earlier in this chapter.) the southeast side of the island. (244) Staten Island Flats are extensive shoals making off (252) Customs, quarantine, immigration, and agricul- from the southeast side of Staten Island. Parts of these tural quarantine inspections are discussed earlier in flats are Old Orchard Shoal and West Bank, which bor- this chapter under New York Harbor. der on the main channel up the bay. Hoffman Island and Swinburne Island (see also chart 12349), artificial (253) Water can be had at most of the wharves in Perth islands on West Bank, are part of Gateway National Amboy and South Amboy. Provisions and marine sup- Recreation Area; landing is not permitted. A channel, plies can be had at Perth Amboy, Tottenville, New used by local vessels of less than 8-foot draft, leads Brunswick, and South Amboy. westward of West Bank. From the gong buoy 0.6 mile southward of Fort Wadsworth, steer southwestward through the dredged channel and then steer a course for Old Orchard Shoal Light. (245) Raritan Bay is that part of Lower Bay lying west- ward of Point Comfort and southward of Staten Island. The bay is full of shoals with depths of 7 to 18 feet. Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:35 PM

Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen 380 I Chapter 11 I New York Harbor and Approaches (254) Great Kills Harbor, a shallow bight on the south cable with a clearance of 32 feet crosses the creek en- side of Staten Island northwestward of Old Orchard trance at the floodgates. Small-craft facilities on Shoal Light, is used as an anchorage by small craft. The Thorns Creek provide berths, electricity, ice, water, harbor is entered through a dredged channel that leads gasoline, marine supplies, and a 20-ton forklift and a from deep water in Lower New York Bay along the 12-ton mobile hoist for hull and engine repairs. In May southwesterly side of Crookes Point, thence along the 1982, the channels into the creeks were reported westerly side of the harbor to the head. In September dredged to 7 feet. 2000, the controlling depths were 4 feet in the left half (263) Keyport Harbor, 3 miles westward of Point Com- with shoaling to bare in the right half of the entrance fort, is a shallow harbor on the south side of Raritan channel to the mouth of the harbor, thence 10 feet in Bay between Conaskonk Point and Matawan Point. A the harbor channel to the head of the project. The buoyed approach channel leads southward from the channel is marked by buoys and a light. Great Kills bay to a dredged marked channel that leads through Light (40°31.3'N., 74°07.9'W.), 35 feet above the water, the harbor to the mouth of Matawan Creek. In May is shown from a skeleton tower with a red and white di- 2002, the dredged channel had a controlling depth of amond-shaped daymark on a red concrete base east of 5.0 feet (6.3 feet at midchannel). the channel entrance. (264) Matawan Creek, entered at the head of Keyport Harbor, is used mostly by local craft. In May 2002, the (255) A special anchorage is in Great Kills Harbor. (See controlling depth was 3.6 feet to the first highway 110.1 and 110.60 (r-1), chapter 2, for limits and regu- bridge, thence 2.3 feet to the Route 35 highway bridge, lations.) thence in 1981, 2 feet to shoaling to bare was reported to the railroad bridge about 1.5 miles above the mouth. (256) Great Kills, on the west side of Great Kills Harbor, Greater depths are available with local knowledge. (See has several small-craft facilities with berths, electricity, chart 12327.) Three fixed bridges, one railroad and two gasoline, diesel fuel, water, ice, storage, and marine highway, cross the creek; least clearances are 49 feet supplies. A public launching ramp is located in the horizontal and 6 feet vertical. Least clearance of over- northeast corner of the harbor. head power cables crossing the creek is 54 feet. (265) Keyport is a town on the east side of the entrance to (257) Lemon Creek, 0.2 mile westward of Seguine Point, Matawan Creek. There are several small-craft facilities is a narrow shallow stream used only by local boats on Matawan Creek and on the southeast side of Keyport which enter at high water. The midchannel controlling Harbor at Keyport. Berths with electricity, gasoline, depth over the bar is about 2 feet with deeper water in- diesel fuel, water, ice, marine supplies, sewage side. The abutment of a former bridge is on the south pump-out, lifts to 30 tons, marine railways to 40 feet, side of the creek just inside the mouth. Overhead power and complete hull and engine repairs are available. Ves- cables crossing the creek at the bridge abutment have a sels proceed to the small-craft facilities at Keyport at clearance of 47 feet. high water. The mean range of tide is about 5 feet. (266) A privately dredged channel, about 25 feet wide in (258) A small marina on the creek can haul out craft up places, leads about 0.3 mile southwesterly from the to 8 tons for minor engine and hull repairs; berths, mouth of Matawan Creek to a marina basin at the en- electricity, water, ice, and outside storage are available. trance to Luppatatong Creek. In May 1981, a reported depth of 4 feet was available to the marina. (259) A prominent tower of a former lighthouse with a (267) Cheesequake Creek and Stump Creek, sharing a statue on top is on the south side of Staten Island, 0.8 common entrance and leading southwesterly and mile westward of Seguine Point. Prominent buildings southeasterly, respectively, are on the south side of are near the point at Red Bank, 0.3 mile southwestward Raritan Bay 6 miles westward of Point Comfort. The en- of the tower. trance is between two stone jetties. The east jetty is awash at high water. The outer ends of jetties are (260) Keansburg, on Point Comfort on the south side of marked by a light. A dredged channel leads between the Raritan Bay, is a summer resort. The wharves on the jetties to the Conrail railroad bridge about 0.3 mile west side of Point Comfort are in ruins and no longer above the jetties. In February 1991, the controlling used. depth was 4½ feet except for severe shoaling that ex- tends about 80 feet into the channel from the south (261) A special anchorage is adjacent to the amusement jetty. In October 1987, the reported controlling depth pier. (See 110.1 and 110.6 (z), for limits and regula- was 3½ feet in Stump Creek. The mean range of tide is tions.) about 5 feet. (262) Waackaack Creek and Thorns Creek, about 0.6 mile southwest of Point Comfort, have a common en- trance protected by floodgates. The gates are lowered, thereby closing the harbor, when tides above 4½ feet are sustained for a period of time. An overhead power Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:36 PM

Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen New York Harbor and Approaches I Chapter 11 I 381 (268) Local boats from Lower Bay usually head for a controlling depths.) In 1991, the channels were not be- point about 1.6 miles east-northeastward of the jetties, ing maintained near project depth and the project and then shape a course to enter between the jetties at above Crossman Dock was not being maintained. the entrance to Cheesequake and Stump Creeks. Cau- (274) A dredged channel in Washington Canal branches tion should be exercised to avoid the sunken wrecks, south from Raritan River about 4.3 miles above Garden 0.2 mile eastward of the east jetty. State Parkway bridge and connects with South River. A dredged channel leads south for about 3.4 miles in (269) The State Route 35 highway bridge, 0.2 mile inside South River. In 1961, the midchannel controlling the jetties, has a bascule span with a clearance of 25 depths were 12 feet in Washington Canal, thence 10 feet. The overhead power cable just north of the bridge feet in South River to the first highway bridge, thence 8 has a clearance of 89 feet. The Conrail bridge, 0.3 mile feet for about 1 mile, thence ½ foot to a point 800 yards inside the jetties, has a bascule span with a clearance of north of the highway bridge at Old Bridge. 3 feet. The bridgetender monitors VHF-FM channel 13; (275) A sunken drydock, marked by a light, is on the east call sign KT-3859. (See 117.1 through 117.59 and side of the river, 1.5 miles above the Garden State Park- 117.709, chapter 2, for drawbridge regulations.) The way fixed bridge. The wreck extends 60 feet into the twin fixed highway bridges over Cheesequake Creek, channel and is visible at all stages of the tide. 1.1 miles inside the jetties, have clearances of 16 feet. (276) Several drawbridges and fixed bridges cross (270) Laurence Harbor is a summer resort on the east Raritan River and South River. The distances above the side of Stump Creek, and Morgan is a settlement on the mouth of the Raritan River and clearances follow: west side of Cheesequake Creek. There are small-craft ConRail bridge with center-pier swing span, 0.4 mile, 8 facilities that can provide berths with electricity, gaso- feet, overhead power cable at the bridge has a clearance line, diesel fuel, water, ice, marine supplies, a of 140 feet; Victory Highway Bridge with center-pier pump-out station, storage facilities, lifts to 35 tons, and swing span, 1.4 miles, 28 feet. The bridgetender moni- a 50-foot marine railway; complete hull and engine re- tors VHF-FM channels 16 and 13, call sign WXY-2676. pairs are available. In 2000, a bridge was under construction to replace the existing swing bridge with a fixed span and a design (271) Raritan River empties into the western end of clearance of 106 feet. Mariners are advised to use the Raritan Bay between Perth Amboy and South Amboy. south span only; Thomas Edison Memorial Bridge with The channel from South Amboy to New Brunswick is high-level fixed span, 1.9 miles, 135 feet. In 1999, a sec- 11 miles long and very crooked, but is well marked with ond span was under construction adjacent to and just navigational aids. Waterborne commerce on the river west of the existing Thomas Edison Bridge. The new is in coal, ore, and petroleum products. bridge will have a fixed span with a design clearance of 110 feet. Garden State Parkway with fixed span, 2 miles, (272) Vessels enter Raritan River from the east by way of 135 feet; overhead power cable near Crab Island, 5.2 Great Beds Reach and from the north by way of Arthur miles, 128 feet; New Jersey Turnpike with fixed span, Kill via Raritan River Cutoff Channel. A Federal project 8.7 miles, 45 feet; overhead power cables, 8.9 miles, 114 provides for a 20-foot channel in Raritan River Cutoff, a feet; and U.S. Highway No. 1 Bridge with two fixed 25-foot channel from Great Beds Reach in Raritan Bay spans, 9.6 miles, 90 feet. The highway bridge over to the head of Red Root Reach about 1.9 miles above South River at the town of South River has a fixed span Garden State Parkway bridge, and thence a 15-foot with a clearance of 25 feet. The railroad bridge, 0.4 mile channel to the junction with Washington Canal. (See upstream, has a swing span with a clearance of 4 feet. Notice to Mariners and latest editions of the charts for (See 117.1 through 117.59, 117.747, and 117.756, controlling depths.) Above Washington Canal, the con- chapter 2, for drawbridge regulations.) In January trolling depth in Raritan River was about 9 feet at 1987, the fender system of the south draw of the midchannel to New Brunswick in 1962. ConRail swing bridge sustained significant damage and may be protruding into the channel. Mariners are ad- (273) A dredged channel in Titanium Reach and South vised to exercise caution and navigate the north draw Channel branches south from Raritan River about 0.6 only. Mariners are requested to avoid bridge openings mile above Garden State Parkway bridge. The Federal of this bridge during peak commuter hours of 0700 to project depths are 25 feet in Titanium Reach and 15 to 0815 and 1700 to 1815, Monday through Friday. The 10 feet in South Channel to Crossman Dock. (See No- bridgetender monitors VHF-FM channel 13; call sign tice to Mariners and latest editions of the charts for KT-4204. Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:36 PM

Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen 382 I Chapter 11 I New York Harbor and Approaches Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:37 PM

Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen New York Harbor and Approaches I Chapter 11 I 383 (277) The mean range of tide is about 5 feet at South (286) A liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) facility is on the Amboy, 5.8 feet at New Brunswick, and 5.5 feet at the west side of Arthur Kill immediately south of Morses Creek. A moving safety zone has been established highway bridge on South River at the town of South around loaded LPG vessels transiting between Scotland River. (For predictions, consult the Tide Tables.) The Lighted Horn Buoy S at the entrance to Sandy Hook tidal current has a velocity of about 1.5 knots at the Vic- Channel and the LPG facility. (See 165.1 through tory Highway Bridge at Perth Amboy. 165.7, 165.20 through 165.25, and 165.160, chapter 2, for limits and regulations.) (278) South Amboy is a city on the south side of the en- trance to Raritan River. Waterborne commerce at the port is in fuel oils, coal, sand, and gravel. Depths along- (287) General anchorages are in Arthur Kill. (See 110.1 side the wharves and piers range from about 6 to 30 and 110.155 (i), chapter 2, for limits and regulations.) feet. Water, provisions, and marine supplies can be ob- tained here, and berths with electricity, water, ice, and winter dry storage are available at a boat club. (288) The mean range of tide in Arthur Kill is about 5 (279) Sayreville is 6 miles above South Amboy on the feet. Throughout Arthur Kill the flood sets from Raritan Bay to Newark Bay and the ebb in reverse direc- south bank of the Raritan River. Most of the wharves tion. Velocities of current vary with the location from are privately owned. about 1 to 1.5 knots. (280) South River is a town on the west side of South River 7.5 miles above South Amboy. A marina about (289) In October 1991, tidal currents in Arthur Kill were 200 yards north of the highway bridge at Old Bridge reported to deviate significantly from official predic- provides berths, water, marine supplies, a 2-ton lift, and tions published by the National Ocean Service. Mari- engine repairs. In May 1981, a reported depth of about ners should exercise caution and discretion in the use 1 foot could be carried to the marina. of published tidal current predictions. (281) The Delaware and Raritan Canal, closed to naviga- tion since 1933, had its entrance to the Raritan River at New Brunswick. (282) Highland Park is across Raritan River opposite (290) Perth Amboy is on the point at the junction of New Brunswick. In 1981, a reported depth of about 3½ Raritan River and Arthur Kill at the western end of feet was available from the head of the Federal project Raritan Bay. The principal wharves are along the west to Highland Park, the practical head of navigation. bank of Arthur Kill. The greatest draft entering is about 30 feet. The wharves have depths of 14 to 30 feet along- side. Good anchorage is found abreast some wharves in (283) Arthur Kill is the narrow body of water separating 30 feet. A special anchorage is south of Perth Amboy. Staten Island from New Jersey. The cities of Perth (See 110.1 and 110.60 (aa), chapter 2, for limits and Amboy, Tottenville, Elizabeth, many large factories, regulations.) and oil refineries and storage facilities are on its shores. (291) Perth Amboy is a customs port of entry. Northern Arthur Kill and Kill Van Kull are the major channels for bulk, containerized, and petroleum cargo (292) Several ship and boat repair yards are in Perth in New York Harbor. Amboy. Drydocks are available; the largest floating drydock can handle vessels to 7,000 tons, 350 feet long, (284) Federal project depth in Arthur Kill is 35 feet. (See 73 feet wide. Small-craft engine and hull repairs can be Notice to Mariners and latest editions of charts for con- made. trolling depths.) (285) Numerous sunken and visible wrecks are adjacent (293) Diesel oil, diesel fuel, gasoline, water, lubricants, to both sides of the channel in Arthur Kill; caution is and marine supplies are available at Perth Amboy. advised. (294) Outerbridge Crossing Bridge, 1.7 miles above Ward Point, has a fixed span with a clearance of 143 feet across Arthur Kill between Perth Amboy and Tottenville. A private fog signal is at the bridge. A Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:38 PM

Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen 384 I Chapter 11 I New York Harbor and Approaches marina at Tottenville provides berths, electricity, wa- bridge, 200 yards above Goethals Bridge, has a vertical ter, storage facilities, and a 15-ton mobile hoist for lift span with a clearance of 31 feet down and 135 feet do-it-yourself repairs. In May 1981, a reported depth of up. The bridgetender at the railroad bridge monitors about 5 feet could be carried to the facility. VHF-FM channel 13; call sign KXS-237. (295) Port Socony, on the east side of Arthur Kill 2.9 (304) Elizabethport, about 11 miles above Ward Point, is miles above Ward Point, is a bulk oil storage terminal. the eastern part of the city of Elizabeth. It is at the A privately maintained dredged channel leads from the northern end of Arthur Kill at its junction with Newark main channel in Arthur Kill to the oil company dock. In Bay. 1988, a reported depth of about 30 feet was alongside (305) Most of the wharves along the Elizabeth waterfront the south half of the dock. with 15 to 21 feet reported are of the bulkhead-marginal type. Depths alongside alongside the north half. range from 3 to 32 feet. Waterborne commerce at these (296) Smith Creek enters Arthur Kill from northward wharves is in petroleum, sand and gravel, chemicals about 3.3 miles above Ward Point. The entrance chan- and petrochemicals, and vegetable and animal oils. nel is privately marked by buoys. In 1981, a reported (306) Elizabeth River enters Arthur Kill from westward depth of 3 feet was available to just above the first bend at Elizabethport. The overhead power cable just above in the channel. The creek is used principally by small the entrance has a clearance of 59 feet. South Front craft. Street Bridge, just above the mouth of the river, has a (297) Several small-craft facilities are along Smith bascule span with a clearance of 3 feet; South First Creek. Berths with electricity, gasoline, water, ice, ma- Street Bridge, 0.5 mile above the mouth has a bascule rine railways to 40 feet, and partial hull and engine re- span with a clearance of 5 feet; and Elizabethport rail- pairs are available. road bridge, 0.8 mile above the mouth, has a bascule (298) Port Reading, 4.5 miles above Ward Point on the span with a clearance of 14 feet. (See 117.1 through north side of Arthur Kill, has several oil storage facili- 117.59 and 117.719, chapter 2, for drawbridge regula- ties. Depths of 18 to 36 feet are reported alongside. tions.) The bridges above the railroad bridge have a (299) Fresh Kills enters Arthur Kills from eastward least clearance of 3 feet. about 6 miles above Ward Point. Fresh Kills is used as a (307) Kill Van Kull separates the southern shore of the New York City garbage landfill and is closed to all navi- city of Bayonne from Staten Island and connects the gation except garbage scows. Upper Bay of New York Harbor with Newark Bay and Arthur Kill. Kill Van Kull is a major channel for petro- leum and bulk cargo in New York Harbor, and has ex- tensive through traffic and large factories on its shores. (300) Rahway River enters Arthur Kill from westward, (308) A Federal project provides for a 35-foot dredged about 7.2 miles above Ward Point, and extends west- channel leading through Kill Van Kull and north of ward for about 4.5 miles to the town of Rahway. It is Shooters Island to Arthur Kill. The dredged channel used only by small craft. In May 1981, a reported depth south of Shooters Island has a project depth of 30 feet. of 5 feet could be taken to Lamberts Wharf about 2.1 (See Notice to Mariners and latest editions of charts for miles above the mouth and about 0.5 mile above the controlling depths.) New Jersey Turnpike bridge. (309) Shoals, obstructions, and numerous wrecks are (301) Name or location, type of span, distance above along both sides of the dredged channel in Kill Van mouth, and clearances of the bridges over Rahway Kull. Numerous sunken and visible wrecks are in the River are as follows: East Rahway, bascule, 1.7 miles, 6 channel southward of Shooters Island; caution is ad- feet; Linden and Carteret, fixed, 1.8 miles, 36 feet; Law- vised. Kill Van Kull channel, between Newark Bay and rence Street, fixed, 3.8 miles, 6 feet; U.S. Route 1/9, the Upper Bay of New York Harbor, is a regulated navi- fixed, 3.9 miles, 23 feet; Milton Avenue, fixed 42-foot gation area. (See 165.1 through 165.13, and 165.165, span, 4.2 miles, 4 feet; Monroe Avenue, fixed 30-foot chapter 2, for limits and regulations.) span, 4.4 miles, 7 feet. (See 117.1 through 117.59 and 117.743, chapter 2, for drawbridge regulations.) (310) Bayonne Bridge, a fixed span with a minimum clearance of 138 feet over the channel (151 feet center- (302) An overhead power cable with a clearance of 165 line), crosses Kill Van Kull from just east of Bergen feet crosses Arthur Kill about 1.7 miles north of the Point, the southwestern end of the city of Bayonne, and Rahway River entrance. connects with Staten Island. (303) The Goethals Bridge, 10 miles above Ward Point, has a fixed span with a clearance of 137 feet over Arthur Kill just southward of Elizabethport. The railroad Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:38 PM

Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen New York Harbor and Approaches I Chapter 11 I 385 (311) The mean range of tide in Kill Van Kull is about 4.5 (318) General and special anchorages are in Newark Bay. feet. The flood current sets westward and the ebb east- (See 110.1, 110.60 (q), (r), and 110.155 (h), chapter ward. In the bight on the south side of the channel be- 2, for limits and regulations.) tween West New Brighton and Port Richmond there is more or less of an eddy when the current is at strength. (319) The mean range of tide in Newark Bay is about 5 feet. (312) In October 1991, tidal currents in Kill Van Kull were reported to deviate significantly from official pre- (320) Ice sometimes closes navigation during a part of dictions published by the National Ocean Service. Mar- January and February. iners should exercise caution and discretion in the use of published tidal current predictions. (321) The Port Elizabeth Marine Terminal operated by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, is on (313) Constable Hook and Port Johnson, on the north Newark Bay in Elizabeth, N.J., on the south side of Eliz- shore of Kill Van Kull, are parts of the city of Bayonne. abeth Channel south of Port Newark. The facility is They are commercially important for the shipment of about 8 miles from The Narrows via Kill Van Kull. It is petroleum and other products. A dredged channel 23 adjacent to the New Jersey Turnpike and Newark Air- feet deep, marked by buoys, leads from the easterly end port in the heart of the New Jersey industrial area, of Kill Van Kull to the wharf on the north side of Con- about 25 minutes by highway from Manhattan. stable Hook. (322) The terminal has 25 deep-draft berths with depths (314) Several private yacht and boat clubs, and a public of 32 to 40 feet reported alongside, and deck heights of marina are on the southwestern shore of Bayonne 12 feet. In 1996, a rock with 36 feet of water over it was above Bergen Point. A 90-ton crane at the marina can reported in about 40°40'26.6\"N., 74°7'57.1\"W., about haul out craft for engine and hull repairs; berths, elec- 200 yards NNE of Buoy 14. tricity, gasoline, water, ice, and marine supplies are available. (323) A large container-handling complex with extensive lift-on/lift-off and roll-on/roll-off systems is at the ter- (315) New Brighton, Port Richmond, and Mariners Har- minal. Included in this complex are cranes up to 50 bor are on the south shore of Kill Van Kull. The largest tons, mobile straddle carriers with 32-ton capacities, of several shipyards and floating drydocks on the south cargo-handling buildings with more than 1-million shore can handle vessels up to 6,400 tons, 400 feet long, square feet of storage space, and a large area for open 85 feet wide, and 26 feet in draft. All kinds of repairs can storage. ConRail provides the terminal with direct rail be made. services. Excellent cargo handling and storage facilities are available. (316) Newark Bay has a length of about 4 miles from Kill (324) Federal project depth in Elizabeth Channel, lead- Van Kull to the junction of the two channels leading to ing to the terminal from the main channel in Newark Passaic and Hackensack Rivers. The greater part of the Bay, is 40 feet. (See Notice to Mariners and latest edi- bay is very shoal, but a dredged channel leads through tions of charts for controlling depths.) the bay to the rivers. The channel is well marked by lights and buoys. Strangers in small vessels should (325) Port Newark Terminal, operated by the Port Au- have no difficulty when using the chart as a guide. thority of New York and New Jersey, is on the western Deep-draft vessels should employ a pilot. side of Newark Bay 2.7 miles above the south entrance, northward of the Port Elizabeth Marine Terminal. It is (317) Federal project depth in the main channel leading in the heart of the New Jersey industrial area, adjacent to the branch channels to the Port Elizabeth Marine to the New Jersey Turnpike and Newark Airport. There Terminal and Port Newark Terminal, and thence to the are 37 deep-draft berths; reported depths alongside, 32 junction of Passaic and Hackensack Rivers is 35 feet. to 35 feet; deck heights, 11 to 12 feet; many transit and (See Notice to Mariners and latest editions of charts for storage areas and excellent cargo handling facilities, controlling depths.) used for the receipt and shipment of general cargo, metals, vegetable oils, petroleum, automobiles and ma- chinery, and for the receipt of bananas, rubber prod- ucts, lumber and pulpwood, and chemicals. ConRail provides the terminal with direct rail service. Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:38 PM

Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen 386 I Chapter 11 I New York Harbor and Approaches (326) Federal project depth in Port Newark Channel and bridge at Arlington, 7.2 miles above the mouth, were so Port Newark Pierhead Channel, leading to the terminal restricted that mariners were advised to utilize the from the main channel in Newark Bay, is 40 feet. (See west fixed span, clearance 35 feet. The minimum clear- Notice to Mariners and latest editions of charts for con- ance of the bridges with drawspans is 7 feet. (See 117.1 trolling depths.) through 117.59 and 117.739, chapter 2, for draw- bridge regulations.) The bridgetenders at the railroad (327) The New Jersey Turnpike (Interstate 78) bridge, 0.7 drawbridges 2.3, 4.3, 5.0, 7.0, and 10.2 miles above the mile above the entrance to Port Newark Terminal, has a entrance monitor VHF-FM channel 13. The call signs fixed span with a clearance of 135 feet. The railroad for the railroad bridges at mile 2.3 and mile 4.3 are bridge, 0.2 mile above the New Jersey Turnpike bridge, KR-6938 and WRY-593, respectively. The Second has a vertical-lift span with a clearance of 35 feet down Street and Eighth Street bascule span highway bridges and 135 feet up. (See 117.1 through 117.59 and and the Gregory Avenue swing span highway bridge at 117.735, chapter 2, for drawbridge regulations.) The Passaic remain in the closed position with a clearance bridgetender at the railroad bridge monitors VHF-FM of 5 feet for the bascule spans and 12 feet for the swing channel 13; call sign KS–9968. span. The fixed highway bridge between Passaic and Garfield has a clearance of 5 feet. The minimum clear- (328) A marina on the east side of Newark Bay about 0.9 ance of the cables over Passaic River is 135 feet. mile above the New Jersey Turnpike bridge provides (332) The center pier and approach spans of a former berths, gasoline, diesel fuel, water, electricity, ice, stor- railroad swing bridge remain in Passaic River channel age, marine supplies, and a 25-ton lift; hull and engine about 1.1 miles above the mouth. An obstruction, cov- repairs can be made. ered 15 feet, was reported in the channel east of the center pier. Mariners should used extreme caution (329) Passaic River, which flows into the northwest end when passing between the former bridge remains. In of Newark Bay, is used by vessels to Passaic, a manufac- 1981, the unused railroad swing bridge at Harrison was turing city at the head of navigation 13 miles above the reportedly being maintained in the open position. mouth. Above the Wall Street bridge at Passaic the river is obstructed by boulders partly showing above (333) The mean range of tide in Passaic River from the the water for 1.5 miles to the Dundee Dam. The city of mouth to Passaic is about 5 feet. Newark extends along the river for a distance of nearly 5 miles above the mouth. The towns of Belleville, (334) Freshets overcome the flood current down as far as Arlington, Rutherford, and Nutley, and several villages Newark and sometimes to the mouth of the river. Ordi- are on the river between Newark and Passaic. The chan- nary freshets usually of a few hours duration cause a nel entrance is well marked. Waterborne commerce on rise of about 2 feet and a current velocity of about 3 the river consists of barge shipments of sand, gravel, knots at Newark. Destructive freshets occasionally oc- and petroleum products. cur at intervals of years, generally in the spring and fall. (330) A Federal project provides for a 30-foot channel (335) There are several boatyards along the Passaic River from Newark Bay to a point about 0.5 mile above the between the entrance and Passaic. A marine railway at Lincoln Highway Bridge; thence 20 feet to the Jackson Arlington can handle vessels to 40 feet long for com- Street bridge; thence 16 feet to the ConRail bridge at plete engine and hull repairs. Berths, electricity, gaso- Arlington; thence 10 feet to the Eighth Street Bridge at line, water, ice, storage, and marine supplies are Passaic. (See Notice to Mariners and latest editions of available along the river below Kearny. charts for controlling depths.) (336) Hackensack River flows into the northeast end of Newark Bay and is navigable for about 17.8 miles to the dams at New Milford. (331) More than 20 draw and fixed bridges cross the (337) A Federal project provides for a 30-foot channel Passaic River between the mouth and Passaic. The min- from Newark Bay to a 25-foot turning basin about 0.3 imum clearance of the bridges with fixed spans is 100 mile above the ConRail bridge at Marion. (See Notice to feet at the New Jersey Turnpike Bridge, 2.4 miles above Mariners and latest editions of charts for controlling the mouth. In October 1980, the draws of the railroad Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:38 PM

Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen New York Harbor and Approaches I Chapter 11 I 387 depths.) Above this point in 1948-February 1971, (341) The mean range of tide is about 5 feet at the mouth depths of 11 feet were available for varying widths with of Hackensack River, 5.3 feet at Little Ferry, and 5.3 feet local knowledge to the N.Y.S. & W.R.R. bridge at at Hackensack. (See the Tide Tables for predictions.) Hackensack, 14.2 miles above the mouth. The channel The river has little freshet flow, and the tidal currents is well marked with aids. are rarely affected by it. (338) More than 15 draw and fixed bridges cross the (342) There are several boatyards and marinas on the Hackensack River between the mouth and Hackensack. Hackensack River at Little Ferry and at Carlstadt, op- The minimum clearance of the bridges with fixed spans posite Secaucus. A mobile hoist at Carlstadt can handle is 35 feet at the State Route 46 bridge at Little Ferry boats to 50 tons, and a marine railway can handle craft about 11.5 miles above the mouth. The minimum to 32 feet long for complete engine and hull repairs. clearance of the bridges with drawspans is 2 feet at Berths, electricity, gasoline, water, ice, storage, and Hackensack, 14.2 miles above the mouth. (See 117.1 marine supplies are available. through 117.59 and 117.723, chapter 2, for draw- bridge regulations.) The fixed bridges above (343) Berrys Creek Canal flows into the Hackensack Hackensack have a minimum clearance of 2 feet. The River from westward 6.8 miles above the mouth. A minimum clearance of the cables over Hackensack midchannel depth of about 11 feet is available to the River to Hackensack is 89 feet; thence 26 feet to the bridge about 1 mile above the entrance. Two fixed high- dams at New Milford. way bridges with a least clearance of 35 feet cross the creek just above the entrance. The bridge about 1 mile (339) In September 1980, the fender system of the Court above the entrance has a clearance of 40 feet, and the Street swing bridge 14.1 miles above the mouth was re- overhead power cable close southward of the bridge has ported to be in poor condition. Mariners should exer- a clearance of 45 feet. The overhead power cable 0.8 cise caution when transiting the bridge. Only one barge mile upstream from the bridge has a clearance of 54 at a time should transit the bridge. feet. (340) The railroad drawbridges over the Hackensack (344) Overpeck Creek flows into the Hackensack River River are equipped with radiotelephones. The from eastward 11.1 miles above the mouth. The bridges bridgetenders monitor VHF-FM channel 13. The call at the entrance have bascule and swing spans with a signs of the railroad bridges, identified by mileage minimum clearance of 3 feet. (See 117.1 through above the mouth, follow: mile 2.6, KQ-7198; mile 2.9, 117.59 and 117.738, chapter 2, for drawbridge regula- KR-6939; mile 4.4, KMC-297; mile 4.7, KR-6972; mile tions.) A dam, about 0.8 mile above the mouth, forms 6.0, KR-7035; and mile 6.7, KR-7034. To expedite open- the head of navigation on the creek. ing of the ConRail bridge 2.6 miles above the entrance, mariners are requested to give 1 hour advance notice by calling 201-963-2552. Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:38 PM

Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen 388 I Chapter 12 I Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:44 PM

Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen Hudson River I Chapter 12 I 389 Hudson River (1) This chapter describes the Hudson River from New City’s major wharves at 59th Street, about 5.3 miles York City to Troy, N.Y., and includes the principal cities above the entrance. Above this point, the Federal pro- of Yonkers, Newburgh, Poughkeepsie, Kingston, and ject depth is 32 feet to Albany, except for that section of Albany. the channel along the New Jersey Weehawken-Edgewater waterfront between 85th (2) Mileages shown in this chapter for the Hudson Street and 156th Street, Manhattan, where the project River as Mile 0.9E, Mile 12W, etc., are the nautical depth is 30 feet. (See Notice to Mariners and latest edi- miles above The Battery; the letters N, S, E, and W de- tions of charts for controlling depths.) note by compass points the side of the river where each feature is located. Mile 0.0 is a point at the mouth of the (8) The lighted buoys marking the Hudson River chan- Hudson River in 40°42.1'N., 74°01.5'W. nel are replaced during the winter by smaller lighted ice buoys or unlighted buoys. (3) It is to be understood that the mileages given are approximations. The values are not intended to be fi- (9) The bridges over Hudson River from New York to nite. The intended degree of accuracy is only supposed Albany have either fixed or suspension spans. to be enough to put the user of the chart into the gen- eral vicinity of the cited object, for the purpose of him (10) The limiting bridge clearance over the lower Hud- locating the object. son River is 139 feet, at the Tappan Zee Bridge (IS 87/287). The middle Hudson River has a limiting (4) Hudson River, sometimes called North River in bridge clearance of 137 feet at the Mid-Hudson Bridge New York City, has its source in the Adirondack Moun- (US Route 44) at Poughkeepsie. The upper Hudson tains, about 275 miles along its course from a junction River has a limiting bridge clearance of 135 feet at the with East River at The Battery, N.Y., and flows in a gen- Castleton-on-Hudson Bridge (New York State Thru- eral southerly direction into New York Upper Bay. Troy way/IS 90 E-W). The least clearance of the overhead ca- Lock and Dam, 134 miles above The Battery, permits bles is 145 feet. vessels to pass from tidewater to the upper river and the New York State Canal System. The river water is usu- (11) General anchorages begin 5 miles above The Bat- ally fresh as far south as Poughkeepsie, halfway from tery and extend upriver for about 10 miles. (See 110.1 Troy Lock and Dam to The Battery. and 110.155, chapter 2, for limits and regulations.) (5) New York City extends along the eastern bank of (12) Vessels proceeding from New York to Albany occa- Hudson River for a distance of about 14 miles above sionally anchor overnight in the vicinity of Kingston, The Battery. For about 5 miles northward from The 79 miles above The Battery and 47 miles below Albany, Battery, the New York waterfront is an almost continu- to await daylight hours for passing through the con- ous line of wharves and piers, some of which can ac- stricted part of the river. commodate the largest transatlantic liners. (13) A buoyed anchorage, 400 feet wide and 2,400 feet (6) On the opposite side of Hudson River from New long, with depths of 32 feet is on the east side of the York City are Jersey City, Hoboken, Weehawken, channel just above Stuyvesant, 111 miles above The Guttenberg, Hudson Heights, Edgewater, and Fort Lee; Battery and 15 miles below Albany. this entire stretch of about 9 miles is lined with piers. (7) The lower Hudson River has depths of 43 feet or (14) Numerous fishtraps are planted each spring, usu- more in midchannel from deep water in Upper New ally from about mid-March to mid-May, during the sea- York Bay off Ellis Island to the upper limit of New York sonal run of shad to the spawning grounds in the upper Hudson. The charts show the fishtrap areas in the Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:44 PM

Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen 390 I Chapter 12 I Hudson River 30-mile stretch beginning about 5 miles above The of the tidal cycle are shown on the Tidal Current Battery and extending upriver to Stony Point; Corps of Charts, New York Harbor. Engineers permits are required for the placing of shad (21) In October 1991, tidal currents in The Narrows and nets and poles in the charted areas. Outer limits of the New York Harbor were reported to deviate significantly nets usually are marked by flags during the day and by from official predictions published by the National lights during the night. Caution is advised when navi- Ocean Service. Mariners should exercise caution and gating a fishtrap area because broken-off poles from discretion in the use of published tidal current predic- previous traps may remain under the surface. tions. (15) Navigation of the river is easy as far north as Kingston, but above Kingston it is more difficult be- (22) In even extremely severe winters, Coast Guard ice- cause of the numerous steep-to shoals and middle breakers and continuous river traffic maintain an open grounds. In general tows are apt to follow the shoreline channel to Albany. The ice season usually starts in early which is most favorable as regards wind and current; January and ends in mid-March. Normally shipping is with a strong northwest wind, tows will follow the west affected most seriously in the Hudson River between shore regardless of the direction in which they are trav- Tappan Zee and Albany. Modern vessels experience lit- eling. tle difficulty maneuvering through the ice, but may be slowed by other river traffic. In addition to the problem Tides of getting through the ice, aids to navigation are cov- (16) The tides in Hudson River are affected by freshets, ered or dragged off station by moving ice. winds, and droughts. Because of these variables the (23) During March, April, and May, freshets have predictions given in the Tide Tables for points above reached heights above normal high water of as much as George Washington Bridge are based upon averages for 18 feet at Albany and 25 feet at Troy Lock and Dam. At the 6-month period, May to October, when the freshwa- the time of the larger freshets the tide may be com- ter discharge is at a minimum. pletely masked, the water continuing to rise and fall for (17) The mean range of tide is 4.5 feet at The Battery, 3.7 a period of several days without any tidal oscillation. At feet at Yonkers, 2.8 feet at Newburgh, 3.1 feet at the time of smaller freshets the range of tide is greatly Poughkeepsie, 3.7 feet at Kingston, 4.6 feet at Albany, diminished and the times of high and low waters are and 4.7 feet at Troy. (Daily predictions for The Battery somewhat delayed. and Albany are given in the Tide Tables.) (24) During the smaller freshets, the flood current dis- (18) The currents in Hudson River are influenced by the appears and the ebb current has a velocity of about 1.5 same variables that affect the tides. The times of slack knots. The larger freshets produce an ebb current that water and the velocities and durations of flood and ebb varies from 1.5 to nearly 5 knots depending on the size are subject to extensive changes; the times of strengths of the freshet and the stage of the tide. are less likely to be affected. The currents usually set fair with the channels except in the vicinities of bends (25) Pilotage is compulsory on the Hudson River for and wharves. foreign vessels and U.S. vessels under register. Pilotage north of Yonkers is available from Hudson River Pilots (19) Velocities of currents are 1.4 knots flood and 1.4 Association, 201 Edgewater Street, Staten Island, NY knots ebb northwest of The Battery, 1.6 and 2.2 knots at 10305, telephone (718) 815-4316, FAX (718) 876-8055. George Washington Bridge, 0.9 and 1.1 knots at The pilot boat, JOHN E. FLYNN, is 40 feet with a black Newburgh, 1.1 and 1.2 knots at Poughkeepsie, 1.3 and hull, white superstructure, and the word PILOT in red 1.6 knots at Kingston, and 0.3 knot flood and 0.8 knot letters, each side. The boat berths at Yonkers, and when ebb at Albany. Near Troy Lock and Dam, the current underway monitors VHF-FM channel 13, works chan- does not flood and the ebb has a velocity of 0.7 knot. nels 13 or 18A. The pilot boat meets vessels in midriver These values are for the summer when the freshwater (40°56'21\"N., 73°54'41\"W.) off Yonkers. Arrangements discharge is at a minimum. for pilot services are made in advance through ships’ agents; at least 24-hour advance notice is requested. (20) Daily current predictions for The Narrows, New York Harbor, are given in the Tidal Current Tables. Pre- (26) Vessels transiting between Ambrose Light and Yon- dictions for places along Hudson River may be obtained kers or between Long Island Sound and Yonkers are by applying the differences and ratios listed for these places in the tables. The directions and velocities of the currents throughout New York Harbor for every hour Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:45 PM

Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen Hudson River I Chapter 12 I 391 serviced by United New York New Jersey Sandy Hook Point, New York City. The suspension span is nearly 0.6 Pilot Association. mile long from shore to shore with a clearance of 195 (27) U.S. Enrolled vessels in the coastwise trade feet, and the tops of the towers are about 600 feet above transiting between Ambrose Light and Yonkers or be- the water. When the traveller platform is in use, the tween Long Island Sound and Yonkers are also served bridge clearance is reduced to 180 feet. by Interport Pilots Agency, Inc. (37) A special anchorage is on the N side of the George (28) On the Hudson River, pilots maintain Washington Bridge at North Manhattan. (See 110.1 bridge-to-bridge communication on channel 13. and 110.60 (o-3), chapter 2, for limits and regula- tions.) (29) Tugs are available in New York Harbor and at Al- bany. (See chapter 11, and Albany later in this chapter.) (30) Matters pertaining to these services for places (38) From Fort Lee, N.J., the rocky cliffs of Palisades along Hudson River are handled at the Port of New State Park and adjoining Tallman Mountain State York or at Albany. (See chapter 11, New York Harbor, Park extend up the west side of the river for about 12 and Albany later in this chapter.) miles to Piermont, N.Y. The Palisades are 300 to 500 feet high and in places are thickly wooded with scrub. (31) Hudson River averages about 0.6 mile in width along this 5-mile stretch above The Battery. The chart (39) Tubby Hook, Mile 11E, has several small-boat land- covers most of the principal wharves on the New York ings. City side and those of Jersey City, Hoboken, and Weehawken on the west, or New Jersey, side. (40) Spuyten Duyvil Creek, entered at Mile 12E, is marked by the railroad swing bridge over the mouth. (32) On the New Jersey side of the river are the piers of The creek is the Hudson River entrance to Harlem Guttenberg, mile 5.5W; Hudson Heights, Mile 6.5W; River, which is described in chapter 9. Currents are Edgewater, Mile 7.5W; and Fort Lee, Mile 9.5W. swift and erratic around the mouth of the creek. Small-craft facilities at Edgewater can provide berths, electricity, gasoline, diesel fuel, water, ice, limited ma- (41) Englewood Boat Basin, on the New Jersey side op- rine supplies, storage, and hull and engine repairs. The posite Spuyten Duyvil Creek, has depths of 3 to 5 feet largest mobile hoist can handle craft to 25 tons. In May and can accommodate craft to 50 feet long; berths, gas- 1981, depths of 5 to 7 feet were reported in the basins at oline, diesel fuel, and water are available. the facilities. (42) Yonkers, Mile 16E, adjoins the north side of New (33) The New York side of the river is mostly parkway for York City. Waterborne commerce is in petroleum prod- the length of the chart. A marina, at Mile 5.5E, opposite ucts, sugar and syrup products, cement, sand, and Guttenberg, can provide berths, electricity, gasoline, other building materials. diesel fuel, water, ice, marine supplies, and minor en- gine repairs. In May 1981, depths at the marina were (43) A sugar refining plant (40°55'41\"N., 73°54'21\"W.) reported to range from 12 feet to bare. In May 1987, a has a 400-foot marginal wharf with depths of 28 to 30 sunken wreck was reported just northwest of the en- feet alongside and a deck height of 10 feet. The plant trance to the marina in about 40°47.2'N., 73°59.2'W. has 20,000 tons of covered storage and is served by a conveyor system with two 20-ton hoppers for the re- (34) Sailors and Soldiers Monument, Mile 6.2E, is a ceipt of raw sugar. Vessels berth outboard of two float- prominent landmark at 89th Street and Riverside ing cranes moored at the face of the wharf. Drive, Manhattan. (44) Several other private facilities at Yonkers, used (35) General Grants Tomb, Mile 7.7E, is prominent at mainly by barges, have reported depths of 12 to 30 feet 123rd Street and Riverside Drive, Manhattan. alongside. (36) George Washington Bridge, Mile 10, crosses Hud- (45) The U.S. Volunteer Life Saving Corporation main- son River from Fort Lee, N.J., to Fort Washington tains small craft at Yonkers for search and rescue work. They can be contacted through the Coast Guard in New York. (46) Alpine is a prominent landing at Mile 16W. A boat basin here, operated by the Palisades Interstate Park Commission, affords shelter for numerous small craft; Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:45 PM

Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen 392 I Chapter 12 I Hudson River berths, gasoline, electricity, and water are available. In scuba diving team of the Piermont Volunteer Fire De- May 1981, 4 feet was reported in the basin. partment is available for underwater search and rescue (47) A special anchorage adjoins a yacht club on the work. They can be contacted through the Piermont Po- Yonkers side of the Hudson River, 17 miles above The lice Department; telephone (914-359-0240). Battery; another special anchorage is about 0.5 mile to (57) Tappan Zee is the 2-mile-wide part of Hudson River the northward. (See 110.1 and 110.60 (o) and (o-1), between Piermont and Croton Point, 8 miles to the chapter 2, for limits and regulations.) northward. (48) Several private boat clubs are at Greystone Station, (58) Tappan Zee Bridge IS 87/287, Mile 23.5, crosses just north of Yonkers; guest moorings are available. Tappan Zee from Nyack to Tarrytown. The fixed span (49) Hastings-on-Hudson, Mile 19E, has a prominent over the main channel has a clearance of 139 feet. The water tank at its waterfront. A yacht club, north of the 470-foot east and west spans, on either side of the main waterfront, is adjoined by a special anchorage. (See span, have clearances of 123 feet. Three auxiliary open- 110.1 and 110.60 (p), chapter 2, for limits and regula- ings for small boats have clearances of 11 feet. A tions.) Limited guest berths are available. In 1981, a re- RACON is atop the center the main channel span of the ported depth of 4 feet could be carried to the fuel dock. southernmost bridge. (50) The boundary line between the States of New Jer- (59) Tarrytown, Mile 24E, has about 1 mile of developed sey and New York extends northwestward from a point waterfront, part of which has been improved by dredg- on the west side of Hudson River at Mile 19. The river is ing. 0.8 mile wide at this point. (60) An abandoned lighthouse is prominent landmark (51) Dobbs Ferry is a town at Mile 20.5E. A stack on the in Tarrytown. In March 2002, the controlling depths in waterfront and several cupolas are prominent. the dredged channel in Tarrytown Harbor were 7.5 feet (52) Irvington, Mile 22E, has a large lumber terminal at (8.3 feet at midchannel) in the southwest connecting the southern end of the waterfront, and a small private channel, thence 8.3 feet (10.1 feet at midchannel) in wharf at the northern end. In May 1981, alongside the northwest connecting channel, and 6.8 feet (7.3 depths of 7 to 10 feet were reported at the lumber feet at midchannel) in the waterfront channel. An ob- wharf. A private boat club is just north of the terminal struction, consisting of rocks, is on the east edge of the wharves; guest moorings are available. waterfront channel in about 41°04.8'N., 73°52.2'W. (53) At Piermont, Mile 22W, an earthen embankment (61) Both access channels are buoyed. A lighted extends 0.8 mile channelward from the shore to 048°30' range marks the southwest channel. Piermont Pier. ConRail has a terminus at the inner end (62) Tarrytown Harbor usually is open to navigation of the embankment; several buildings in Piermont are throughout the year, but in severe winters ice floes prominent. A T-head pier, used by Columbia University from the upper river may temporarily block the chan- to moor its geological research vessels, extends from nels. the outer end of Piermont Pier; depths of about 16 feet (63) A special anchorage is at Tarrytown. (See 110.1 are reported alongside the face. The ruins of a former and 110.60 (p-1), chapter 2, for limits and regula- ferry slip and other piers and several visible wrecks are tions.) on the south side of Piermont Pier. (64) Several waterfront terminals, with depths of 10 feet alongside, are available at Tarrytown, and there are rail (54) A foul area extends about 300 yards northward connections nearby. The wharves are used mostly for from the outer end of Piermont Pier. A sunken wreck is the receipt of petroleum products, sand, gravel, and in this area about 200 yards northward from the end of crushed rock. the pier; caution is advised. (65) A marina is southward of the principal wharves; berths, gasoline, diesel fuel, electricity, water, ice, ma- (55) In May 1981, shoaling to an unknown extent was rine supplies, and a 15-ton mobile hoist are available. reported in the area from the outer end of Piermont Two private boat clubs are southward of the marina; a Pier north to Lower Nyack Landing, Mile 24.6W; cau- launching ramp is available. tion is advised. (66) Nyack is on the west side of Tappan Zee at Mile 25W. Small-craft facilities at Nyack include a boatyard with a (56) Several small-craft facilities are just northward of marine railway that can handle craft to 40 feet long for Piermont Pier. Berths, electricity, water, ice, storage, complete engine and hull repairs; the railway, just marine supplies, mobile hoists up to 10 tons, and hull south of Lower Nyack Landing, can only be used at high and engine repairs are available. In May 1981, reported tide. Storage facilities and marine supplies are avail- depths of 4 feet could be carried to the facilities. A able. A boat club on the north side of the waterfront can Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:45 PM

Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen Hudson River I Chapter 12 I 393 provide guest moorings. In May 1981, it was reported operated by the powerplant and marked by private that 4½ feet could be carried to the gasoline dock. lights, extends off Bowline Point. (67) In May 1981, shoaling to an unknown extent was (78) Two marginal wharves, used by barges and oper- reported in the area from Lower Nyack Landing south ated by sand, stone, and gravel companies, are about to the outer end of Piermont Pier, Mile 22W. 0.7 mile southward of Bowline Point. In May 1981, (68) A special anchorage is at Nyack. (See 110.1 and depths of 7½ feet were reported alongside the wharves. 110.60 (o-2), chapter 2, for limits and regulations.) A small private boat club is in the cove immediately (69) Upper Nyack, about 0.6 mile north of Nyack, has a northward of the more northerly wharf. boatyard with a 50-ton mobile hoist and a 20-ton fixed (79) Grassy Point is on the west side of Haverstraw Bay crane. The boatyard wharf has depths of about 5 feet at at Mile 34W. A gypsum pier, marked on its outer end by the face. Berths, electricity, gasoline, water, diesel fuel, a private light, is on the south side of the point; depths ice, marine supplies, and complete engine and hull re- of about 31 feet are reported alongside. Numerous pairs are available. small-craft facilities are north and south of Grassy (70) Hook Mountain, 730 feet high, is on the west side Point. Berths, electricity, gasoline, diesel fuel, water, of Tappan Zee at Mile 27W. The summit is only 0.3 mile ice, storage, marine supplies, lifts to 40 tons, and en- inland and is very prominent from the river. gine and hull repairs are available. In August 2001, a re- (71) Ossining is on the east side of Tappan Zee at Mile ported depth of 17 feet could be carried into the cove 29E. In May 1981, depths of 5 to 6 feet were reported on south of the point. the flats off the oil storage receiving facility piers at (80) Stony Point, Mile 35W, is marked at the outer end Ossining. Sing Sing Prison, a State penitentiary, is on by a light. the low flat shore on the south side of Ossining. Two (81) Verplanck Point, Mile 35.5E, is marked on its water towers near the prison are prominent. A marina northwestern side by prominent gray eroded banks of at the north end of town can handle craft to 15 tons for tailings from a trap-rock plant. Two oil receiving facili- hull and engine repairs; marine supplies are available. ties at Verplanck Point have depths of 8 to 12 feet re- There are also two boat clubs and a yacht club at ported alongside. Small-craft facilities on the point can Ossining; gasoline, water, ice, and guest berths are provide berths, electricity, gasoline, diesel fuel, water, available. In May 1981, a reported depth of 4 feet could ice, storage, and limited marine supplies; lifts to 30 be carried to the yacht club gasoline dock. tons are available for hull and engine repairs. In May (72) From Hook Mountain, Mile 27W, northward to 1981, reported depths of 4 feet could be carried to the Haverstraw, Mile 33W, the west bank of the Hudson facilities. River rises precipitously to heights of more than 800 (82) Indian Point, on the east side of Hudson River, 1.7 feet. miles northward of Verplanck Point, is the site of a nu- (73) Croton Point, Mile 30E, is a long peninsula that ex- clear powerplant. A tall red and white banded stack, tends 1.5 miles channelward from the main shore. lighted on top, and two large domes are conspicuous on Croton Point Park is on the southwest part of the penin- the point. sula. There are several prominent brick buildings at (83) Tomkins Cove, a town at Mile 36W, has a large Harmon, near the inner end of Croton Point. stone quarry, a rock crusher, and a trap-rock plant. The (74) Haverstraw Bay is the wide stretch of Hudson River offshore pier connected to the shore by a conveyor sys- between Croton Point and Stony Point, 5 miles to the tem has 700 feet of berthing space with dolphins; northward; the greatest width is about 2.5 miles. The depths of 15 to 25 feet are reported alongside. Crushed extensive flats in the eastern half of the bay have depths rock is shipped by barge. Numerous beached barges of 5 to 9 feet. The dredged channel through Haverstraw south of the pier are prominent. A powerplant pier, just Bay is marked by seasonal lighted buoys and two northward of the wharf, consists of four cement lighted ranges. steel-filled cells, the center two of which are connected (75) Croton-on-Hudson, on the east side of Haverstraw to each other and the shore by a steel catwalk. Depths of Bay at Mile 31.5E, has a yacht club. about 40 feet were reported alongside. (76) High Tor, 820 feet high, is on the west side of (84) An overhead power cable with a clearance of 160 Haverstraw Bay at Mile 32W. feet crosses the Hudson River north of Tompkins Cove. (77) Haverstraw, on the west side of Haverstraw Bay at (85) Peekskill is at the head of a shallow bight at Mile Mile 33W., has several abandoned brickyards along its 38E. A dredged U-shaped channel extends northeast- waterfront. Prominent on Bowline Point (41°12.2'N., ward from deep water in Hudson River to the wharf 73°57.6'W.) are the cement stacks and large red rectan- area and thence northwestward back to deep water. The gular buildings of a powerplant. A T-shaped pier, southern channel is marked by buoys and a light. In 1990, the controlling depths were 5 feet in the south Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:45 PM

Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen 394 I Chapter 12 I Hudson River channel, 4½ feet in the north channel, and 2½ feet in 0.3 mile southward of Con Hook. When descending the the channel west of the wharves except for shoaling to river, particularly with a fair current, there is a ten- 1½ feet near the ramps in the southeast corner of the dency to set toward the rock; caution is advised. turn leading from the south channel to the waterfront. (98) A tower at Highland Falls, Mile 44W, is prominent. (86) A yacht club at Peekskill has guest berths, electric- Highland Falls has a small marina with transient ity, water, ice, and engine repairs. berths for small craft up to 35 feet. The reported depth alongside the dock is 30 feet; electricity and water is (87) In August 1985, it was reported that the channel on available. A launching ramp is at the marina. the north side of Peekskill Bay was obstructed by a (99) A yacht club at Garrison, Mile 45E, has depths of sewer outfall extending across from the entrance to about 20 feet alongside its fuel dock. Craft up to 60 feet Annsville Creek; caution is advised. in length can be accommodated at the slips; gasoline, water, electricity, and some marine supplies are avail- (88) Annsville Creek is a very shallow creek on the able. north side of Peekskill. The railroad bridge over the en- (100) West Point, Mile 45W, is the site of the U.S. Mili- trance has a bascule span with a clearance of 3½ feet. tary Academy. The academy is easily recognized from the The bridge is maintained in the closed position. (See prominence of the buildings and the road leading up the 117.805, chapter 2, for drawbridge regulations.) The hillside from the railroad station and wharfs on the river- highway bridge about 0.2 mile above the railroad bank. bridge has a fixed span with a clearance of 19 feet. (101) A special anchorage is at West Point. (See 110.1 and 110.60 (p-2), chapter 2, for limits and regula- (89) An oil receiving pier at Roa Hook, on the north side tions.) of Peekskill, has a reported depth of about 13 feet (102) The northeastern extremity of West Point descends alongside. to Gees Point, a rocky feature which is marked by a light with a fog signal. About 0.2 mile south of Gees (90) Dunderberg Mountain, 1,110 feet high, is a densely Point, another light marks the outer edge of a rocky wooded mountain at Mile 38W. The mountain slopes shallow area along the west bank. eastward to Jones Point, which is low and flat. (103) Worlds End, a sharp bend in the Hudson River at Mile 46, has depths of more than 100 feet. Extreme cau- (91) The river becomes much narrower at Jones Point tion should be exercised when passing through Worlds and has an average width of 0.3 mile for the next 8 End; the view is obstructed and vessels should reduce miles between the bases of the highlands on both sides. speed and sound a warning signal. When approaching the sharp turns in this reach, cau- (104) Constitution Island is on the upper side of Worlds tion should be exercised and a warning signal should be End at Mile 46.5E. Magazine Point, on the channel side given. of the island, is marked by a light. (105) Crows Nest, Mile 47W, is 1,403 feet high and prom- (92) Iona Island, formerly a naval depot at Mile 40W, is inent. A boat club is at Cold Spring, Mile 47.3E. controlled by the Palisades Interstate Park Commis- (106) Little Stony Point, Mile 48E, is the site of a rock sion. A light, shown from a skeleton tower on the north quarry. side of the island, is conspicuous. (107) Storm King Mountain, 1,355 feet high, is promi- nent at Mile 49W. (93) A rock, with a depth of 10 feet over it and marked by (108) Breakneck Point, on the opposite side of Hudson a buoy, is 0.2 mile north-northwestward of the north- River from Storm King Mountain, is marked by one ernmost point of Iona Island. When descending the highway tunnel and two railroad tunnels; the lights are river, particularly with a strong fair current, a careful prominent at night. Behind Breakneck Point is Break- watch should be maintained to avoid being set on this neck Ridge, 1,196 feet high. rock. (109) Cornwall-on-Hudson is at Mile 50W. The wharf at Cornwall is in ruins. A boat club and a yacht club, about (94) Bear Mountain State Route 6, Mile 40.3W, is 1,305 0.6 mile southeastward of the wharf in ruins, can pro- feet high and has its summit about 1 mile inland. There vide gasoline, water, and ice; guest moorings and a are wharves at Day Line Park, on the riverbank at the launching ramp are available. In May 1981, the re- foot of the mountain. ported depths were 10 feet at the gasoline dock and 3 feet in the basin. (95) Anthonys Nose, 900 feet high, is a steep, thickly (110) Pollepel Island, Mile 50E, is a private estate with wooded hill at Mile 40.5E. buildings that resemble a medieval castle. A light is (96) Bear Mountain Bridge, Mile 40.6 crosses the Hud- son River from Bear Mountain to Anthonys Nose. The suspension span has a clearance of 155 feet. (97) Con Hook, a small island at Mile 43W, is marked on its channel side by a light. A rock, with a depth of 7 feet over it and marked by a seasonal lighted buoy, is about Coast Pilot 2 - 32nd Ed. Wednesday, January 08, 2003 3:05:45 PM