Dhrishti 21-22-compressed 1

THE LIFE OF ALBERT EINSTEIN Albert Einstein was one of most famous scientist of the 20th century. Albert was born at Ulm Württemberg Germany on the 14Th of March,1987. Six weeks later he and his family moved to Munich where he then began his schooling at the Luitpold Gymnasium. Later on, the family moved to Italy the country of spaghetti and art. Albert then continued his education at Aarau Switzerland. And in 1896 he entered the Swiss Federal Polytechnic School in Zurich and began his training as a teacher in maths and physics.In the year 1901 he earned his diploma, he acquired a Swiss citizenship and, he was not able to find a teaching post so he agreed to work as a technical assistant in the Swiss Patent Office.4 years later he obtained his doctor’s degree. Einstein had a very challenging life when he was young. When Albert was sixteen his father had moved Milan to work with a relative,and young Albert was put into a boarding school. Albert had many problems in school and he could’nt keep upp and his teacher’s were extreamly strict infact he had so many problems in school that he even ran away to Milan Albert landed upp on the door step of his parent’s house his parent’s had lost faith in him and thought he was a failure. But luckily because of his exceptional scores in mathamatics in the entrance exam,the University granted him entry on a condition that he would finish his high school diploma.When Einstein was young he always had one thought, how would a light beam look like if he was racing against it.Then finally many years later he discovered that time is not costant it is the speed of light that is constant, basically Albert proved that sir Issac’s Newton’s law of gravity was wrong. In 1905 {Einsteins miracle year} Einstein discovered something called relativity, and the famous equation we know today is drum roll please…..E=mc2 ,that also lead to his very first noble prize.Einstein sadly died at the age of 76 on the 18th of april in the year 1955 due to an abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture basically, a vessel near to Einstein’s heart ruptured,at the exact moment he died a man named Thomas harvey illegally removed his brain from his body and took his eyes to Einstein’s eye doctor.When Albert was working in the swiss patent office he created lot’s of brilliant invention’s. Example: Gas absorption heat pump and the Einstein refig irator which he made with his former student Leo szilard.Einstein was a very respectable scientist he was one of a kind,but we are all unique in our own way and there are many geniuses in this world. By: Navya Pervatikar G:3A DHRISHTI 2021-22 101

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Malavika-Gr 4A DHRISHTI 2021-22 Sione-Gr 4A 105

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Bhaumik-Gr 5A DHRISHTI 2021-22 108

Dhairya -Gr 6A DHRISHTI 2021-22 109

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Kanak-Grade 6 DHRISHTI 2021-22 113

Malarani-Grade 7A DHRISHTI 2021-22 114

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DHRISHTI 2021-22 Hannah Mary Aniju-Gr 7A 117

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�AR�N�S’ AR�I�L�S DHRISHTI 2021-22 121

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T�A�HE�S’ AR�I�L�S DHRISHTI 2021-22 123

Psychological creativity Many great works were created during early pandemics, be it Shakespeare’s King Lear or Issac Newton’s discoveries. Inspiration and explorative creative outlooks in times of adversity is not a new concept. Many of us have surprised ourselves with newfound skills, during these months of isolation and quaran- tine and have experienced some form of psychological creativity. We have noticed people taking up painting, dancing, singing, baking, and learning music and much more. We may even wonder why we are all so creative even as the world is dealing with pandemic. Man, being a social animal, needs stimulation and inventive- ness to feel better. Any creative act will lead to a flood of dopamine, the feel-good chemical in our brain which renders a sense of happiness, accom- plishment, and confidence. So, pick up one thing that interests you, inspires and motivates you. Challenge yourself and explore new ideas, things, solu- tions, and structures. Discover ways that will surprise you and make you and your family happy. Ms. Litty Jose 124 KG Teacher DHRISHTI 2021-22

Healthy habits for a healthy life Each parent can help their child to establish healthy eating and physical habits. If it is practiced early as a part of your family’s lifestyle, kids just follow naturally. Nutrition Diet and nutrition help our children live a healthy life and avoid chronic diseases. Pro- moting healthy eating at home by purchasing healthy items during your shopping, pre- pare healthy food at home and serve a suitable amount during each time. Avoid keep- ing unhealthy food in your cupboard. It is important to eat a variety of foods, including fruits and vegetables dairy products and grains. Physical activity Encourage your child’s everyday activities, promote outdoor plays because it is generally more active than indoor plays. It promotes healthy growth and development, strong bones, muscles, joints and a healthier weight range. Physical activity and exercise can have immediate and long-term health benefits, also improve general health, reduces the risk of developing Type-2 Diabetes and Cardiovascular diseases. Limit screen-based activities A healthy lifestyle includes a daily screen time limit. Reduce and limit the time your child spends on screen-based activities such as watching TV, playing computer and electronic games. These media can influence the children and their behaviour. Good Hygiene Personal hygiene is a very important factor for a healthy life. This includes brushing teeth, daily bath, hand hygiene… etc. Good hygiene habits help to prevent illness and infection from bacteria or virus. Teaching your kids to have a healthy hygiene routine when they are young can create habits that last throughout their lives. Set a good example Parents who have a healthy diet and physically active are much more likely to encourage the same habit in their children. Keep in mind the power of MODELLING! Ms. Sangeetha Anbu KG teacher. DHRISHTI 2021-22 125

Importance of sight words in kindergarten Kindergarten teaching mainly aims to develop the basic skills & to give the strong foun- dation for future learnings. Introducing the sight words in early childhood is one of the smooth & simple technique to enhance the reading ability of a 5-year-old child. The brain develops faster at early age, so it is very important for a young child to get familiar with basic sight words. Sight words are common words that kids recognize instantly without sounding them out. Recognizing words by sight helps kids become faster, more fluent readers. Sight words are very important for your child to master because, believe it or not, “sight words account for up to 75% of the words used in beginning children’s printed materi- al”. To make the sight words reading more fun there are different games which motivates a preschooler to build the interest. Games like bingo, hangman, word catchers & beach ball toss. Other ideas include playing Go Fish with sets of sight word cards, memory games, bean bag toss games, and laying out sight words in a pathway to follow. While introducing the sight words reading in early childhood comes with many other benefits. Sight words are confidence builders. It enhances the vocabulary & pronuncia- tion. Sight words free up a child's energy to tackle more challenging words. Needless to say, learning to read is a tricky business. A variety of strategies along with a specific skillset are required to create strong readers. The aforementioned benefits should motivate to teach children sight words as this is one of the initial steps that’s tried and tested for inculcating adequate reading skills within young readers. “The more that you READ, the more things you KNOW. The more that you LEARN, the more places you’ll GO.” Ms. Jyoti Thapa 126 KG Teacher DHRISHTI 2021-22

“Helping students find a path to purpose is one of the noblest aspects of teaching.” A lot has changed since the pandemic took over our lives, the constant urge to keep every- thing seem normal has been very challenging especially in the education field. We have to quench the curiosity in young minds as well as equip them with tools to be better human beings. All of this was not easy for anyone while seated in front of a digital screen both for the children and the tutors but challenges are meant to be faced right!! From whiteboards to smart boards technology became our main source of research, knowledge, and teaching. Sometimes keeping up with the pace of 21st-century technology was a very big task because starting from scratch is not easy at all. The modern education system is to create a fun and engaging learning process with more experimenting, building an equal relationship between the teacher and the student, and teaching them to inquire and ask questions. Virtu- al classes have helped promote students’ voice and choice, and the ability to learn from anytime and anywhere. Learning through tutorials, video calls, sharing screens, and enabling learning software along with helping students make the most of their virtual learning experi- ence has been nothing less than a roller coaster ride. Though the reality of virtual teaching is that the majority of the day goes in just trying to keep the students attentive enough to grasp what you’re trying to convey, it’s not an easy task. Virtual learning made do-or-die die situation but the best rela- tionship can be established in the classroom only, the interaction and the physical presence is and will always be the best mode of imparting education and knowledge. I miss my stu- dents around me and the chaos that happens around them, nothing can replace the experi- mental learning of human values and character development of class settings. In an inevita- ble situation like the pandemic, there was no option but to embrace the changes with a positive mind-set. As we know “all growth starts at the end of your comfort zone” hence, virtual learning is also bliss and highly beneficial. Transitioning has been hard but very nec- essary in these times and we need to intentionally adapt to the changing systems despite the cons. Here’s to hoping we find light in every dark time. Ms. Swapna Kota KG Teacher DHRISHTI 2021-22 127

Your home as a learning experience For young children, their home is the best place to begin learning about math, science, and social studies, build early reading and writing skills, and to stretch their creativity. Get practical tips on how to look at your home through the lens of \"learning through experiences.\" You'll also find ways to connect learning from school-to-home and home-to-school. Home Learning for Young Children: A Daily Schedule We know that in early childhood, learning experiences play a large role in language develop- ment as well as conceptual development. Learning experiences are so very personal to each learner, and the home is the best way to begin learning from birth and continue the learning. Because most children feel safe and secure in their homes, parents can use this comfort to bridge strong social emotional feelings of love and support to learning and teaching in the home. If we think about everything a home has to offer, there are ways to connect learning from school to home and home to school. Let’s look at your home through the lens of learning through experiences. What might these experiences be? • They could be what your child is interested in. • They could be what makes your child want to imagine and discover something new. • They could be part of what your child is already learning in school. • They could be something you want your child to learn more about. Families can look at the inside and outside of a house or apartment as learning rooms. Here are some suggestions! In the kitchen: Math • Use recipes or cooking time to teach about measurement using measuring cups and mea- suring spoons. These are especially good at teaching fractions. • Use labels on cans or packages to teach numbers and quantities. • Use kitchen objects to teach patters: fork, spoon, fork, spoon, fork, spoon Literacy • Learn vocabulary words like dicing, slicing, melting, chopping and talk about those words and experiences. • Read cookbook recipes and talk about the ingredients and the sequence (what happens first, second, third in making a meal) of the cooking process. Science • Talk about the way foods change when they are heated or cooled. • Let your child use his senses to discover the way food smells, feels, looks, tastes, and even hear food boiling, steaming or sautéing. Creativity • Enjoy creating new foods together and provide learning experiences that your child can help with, like the placement of the food, or the way to cut fruit or vegetables to look attractive. • Make playdough together and have your child create with it. Social studies • Discuss how there are foods from all over the world that can be cooked and compare them. For example, talk about the many ways people cook rice around the world. In the living room: DHRISHTI 2021-22 128

Math • Play a game with your child. Have your child find all of the numbers used every day in the living room (the television remote, a calendar, a phone, in books or magazines or on a clock). Literacy • Enjoy reading time together after dinner or during a daily reading time. Look for letters of the alphabet in the names of family members. • Take ten minutes a day to write or draw in a journal with your child about his or her day Science • Create memorable experiences for your child by playing with games allowing for science thinking such as playdough and Popsicle sticks to make buildings, or using wooden blocks to discover balance, weight and gravity. • Talk to your child about your own experiences learning about science. • Discuss the needs of plants in the home and what they need to survive: air, water, soil and have your child create a calendar to plant watering and care for indoor plants Creativity • Have your child use “open-ended” materials to create and make her own projects. “Open-ended” materials are those that can be used in a creative way, such as sticks, string, yarn, glue, bottle caps, tissue paper, scrap paper or boxes. Social studies • Enjoy talking about the world with your child. Discuss aspects of your own childhood, that of their grandparents too, and include art, music, literature or food. In the bedroom: Math • Work with your child to help him sort clothing by size or colour, and pair matching socks. • Count the different shirts or other clothing items that came out of the laundry. • As you fold towels, show your child how to fold a small towel from a square to a triangle or create other shapes as you fold. Literacy • Read books with your child before bedtime and create a learning experience by using a sock puppet or handmade paper puppets. • Read books based on a different theme every night. Science • Talk about the different times of day and night, the seasons of the year, and the clothing that should be worn the next day because of the weather. Creativity • Let your child help you in arranging their belongings and creating small areas for learning. • Have your child create a fort or small house with quilts and blankets. Social studies • Talk to your child about how in the past, people lived in different types of houses. Ms. Kayenat Ansari KG Teacher DHRISHTI 2021-22 129

Teaching – A process learning for a life time Yes, I am a teacher because I am an avid learner, I learn every single day and I get more than I can give. Learning is a lifelong quest and my students and colleagues are my teachers, they question me, they prepare me, they awake me to new ideas that keep their curiosi- ty alive. For that reason, I say, my students are my teachers, my life in school is my lesson, and my dreams become a reality when I spend time with some of the most inquisi- tive and innovative thinkers of tomorrow. I love my students and my profession because I see selfless love in the eyes of these young makers of the future and their families. Teaching, in my humble opinion, is more about self-learning and self-awareness .Teaching, at its best, is a two-way street. Where students explain what you need to teach and what is not working. As said by the former president of India, Dr. A.P.J Abdul Kalam- “A teacher is the backbone of the country, the pillar upon which all aspirations are converted to reality.” I take no such pride but instead see my students as my teachers in this journey of life as a learning process itself. Stay curious my kids, my colleagues and my friends. As it is said, be curious! We keep moving forward, opening new doors, and doing new things, because we are curious, and curiosity keeps leading us down new paths. The people who do not ask question remain clueless throughout their lives. Divya Ganesan K.G. Co-teacher DHRISHTI 2021-22 130

Learning through play (early childhood development) Play is an important part of a child's early development. Playing helps young children's brains to develop and for their language and communication skills to mature. ... They teach young children about communication, develop their motor skills and help with prob- lem-solving. Outdoor play Why outdoor play is important Playing outside gives your child the chance to explore the natural environment and have adventures. Your child can play games, test their physical limits, express themselves and build their self-confidence. Jasna Sajithran K.G. Co-teacher DHRISHTI 2021-22 131

It is my first experience with the kindergarten children. And to know about Montessori teaching method which is followed in our school, I first went through the life of Maria Montessori-The mother of modern education. She is the women who stands in front of the education revolutionists .in an era of where teachers force children to by heart things and produce them to be mechanical , a teacher arose who became the teacher of teachers, who loved Indian culture very much. here is a glimpse of her inspiring life Maria shared from my very little knowl- edge. A Tribute to a Great Teacher Who Changed The Lives of Childrento a Better one During the early 20th century ,in order to renovate the old san Lorenzo city of Rome ,hundred of people were evacuated from there and was given a new settlement .but when the adult went to the work and the elder children went to school there was no one at home to look after the little ones. That is when Dr.Maria started thought of about starting a children’s home –(Ca- sa-De-Bapini).children of of age between 2 to 7 years were admitted and if totally functioning in a day care system. Dr.Maria gave them a child friendly atmosphere in the day care .she helped the little ones to nurture and develop their creative skills ,by providing special kind of toys and other materials which enhance their thought processes. Days went by, and the little ones who always caused troubles to their elders and city people, soon became smart brilliant and responsible .this act of her was widely appreci- ated across the country, and came to be known as Montessori Teaching Method. Dr. Montessori while pursuing her medical course women’s usually didn’t go for such courses, but she cleared the medical entrance in the second attempt and got admitted to the medical university in Rome .but her journey as a medical student was a little challenging as she being the only girl student in her batch. still then she managed to complete her course and enrolled as a Doctor. DHRISHTI 2021-22 132

After graduation she was serving the needful for the mental health and welfare of the people .it was during this time she realised that her new teaching method was being praised around the world. So she decided to continue her service in teaching the little ones Montessori schools were established throughout Italy, with the help of the then Prime Minister of Italy Benito Mussolini. Montessori teachers training institutes were also established and syllabus were also provided .but soon after the she had to disagree with the fascist policies of Mussoli- ni.as a result of this in 1934,Mussolini ordered to shut down all the Montessori schools and training institutes of the country. In 1939, Dr.Maria moved to India. Rabindranath Tagore the Great Poet who had also heard about the Montessori teaching method ,greeted Dr. Maria with joy and asked her to render her needful support and service to the people of India .For about 7 years Dr. Maria actively took part in the various initiatives of Theosophical society. During the Second World War, the British asked all the Italian citizen to leave India .but Maria stayed back in India and completed her famous book “Education for Peace”. Tagore joined hands with Doctor to establish Montessori schools and training centres in the name” Tagore-Montessori School”. Dr. Maria Montessori was nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize continuously three times from 1949 ,for fighting against fascist regimes of Mussolini and on a recogni- tion for her contribution to the educational field The secret of childhood ,The absor- bent Mind, The Discovery of Child ,Education For New World are some of her famous works. Dr. Maria Montessori died in 6th May 1952 at Netherlands, leaving behind her foot prints to inspire the future teachers. Vidhya Sooraj 133 K.G. Co-teacher DHRISHTI 2021-22

Significance of reading newspaper A newspaper is a type of material that provides news and information about the world. It has been an essential part of our lives since the 17th century. Reading a newspaper is a very useful way to start your day. It provides a brief overview of the current events happening in the country and around the world. There are numerous advantages to being a newspaper reader. One of these is that it increases our wealth every day. It helps us keep up with our current knowledge and skills. Being a newspaper reader is also beneficial for students as it helps them improve their reading skills. It provides them with a variety of information and helps them keep up with their current knowledge. Newspaper reading also helps improve a person's writing and reading skills. It can also increase a person's chances of being successful in reading. Newspapers often contain articles about various sporting events that are held in differ- ent countries. They can provide readers with details about the medal tally, the competi- tors' ranking, and the economic condition of the country. Reading newspapers will help improve your knowledge of current events and politics, as it will allow you to connect with others who are interested in these topics. Daily newspapers are a great habit to keep in order to improve your knowledge of various topics. Aside from boosting your knowledge of general information, it can also help improve your language skills. They can also serve as a great source of information for various industries and trade. Being able to connect with other people who are inter- ested in the same topic will allow you to improve your knowledge in general. Divya P.Mathew English Dept. DHRISHTI 2021-22 134

Tick tock Tick tock...tick tock... Life is counting down on your internal clock. Memories that feel as if they occurred yesterday turn to flashes of moments that seem to fade away. People you once knew walk by without a clue. The times you once shared exist as if you were never there. Years fly...friends die... and you never know when you'll say your last goodbye. Oh, how I wish I could turn back time, spend it with loved ones and cherish what once was mine. Or to go back even more, being a kid in a candy store. How I miss the way I used to feel on Christmas day when Santa was real. But back to reality...back to today, family is scarce and memories continue to fade away. Tick tock...tick tock... How I wish I could control this clock. Anish Tellus English Dept. DHRISHTI 2021-22 135

“ गु� जन� के िलए ... एक समपण� ” �कतने आ�य� क� बात है!! ...... भारत के 29 रा�य� के नाम ... �ी .संत तलु सीदास के एक दोहे म� समाई हईु है !!!Ž �या सयं ोग बना है !!! राम नाम जपते अ�ी मत गु�ज़आउ Ž पकं म� उगोहमी अ�ह के छ�ब झाऊ ŽŽ रा – राज�थान त- तिमलनाडु उ – उ�राखडं म – महारा� गु – गजु रात गो – गोवा ना – नागाल�ड िस – िस��कम ह -ह�रयाणा म – म�णपुर आ – आ��ा�देश िम – िमज़ोरम ज – ज�मू क�मीर उ – उ�र�देश अ– अ�णाचल �देश प – प��म बगं ाल पं – पजं ाब �ह – �हमाचल �देश ते – तेलगं ाना क – कना�टक के – के रल अ – असम मे - मेघालय छ - छ�ीसगढ़ �� – ��पुरा �ब – �बहार झा – झारखडं म – म�य�देश उ - उड़�सा ******************************* सकं लन- सगं ीता मनोज Sangeetha Manojkumar 136 Hindi Dept. DHRISHTI 2021-22

ęĭˑĮęø Ēĭ øĭʙĮċø  �या वा�तिवक �या का�पिनक सब धँधु ला ह|ै एक धधँु जैसा है फै ला ह�आ िदमाग म,� आख� के आगे। कु छ सोचने क� कोिशश कर रही ह�ँ मगर कु छ नह� समझ म� आता|सही-गलत, अ�छा-बरु ा, सच-झठू , यहाँ-वहां, आना-जाना, आधा-परू ा ऐसा िकतना कु छ है िजसे एक माहीन सी लाईन अलग करती है, एक दूसरे से जदु ा करती ह।ै सुनते ह� िक िजंदगी इन दोन� म� फक� करने म�, सही रा�ता ढंढू ने म� ही गुज़र जाती ह।ै यह� वो फै सल� ह� जो इ�सान को इ�सान से जुदा करते ह�, कामयाब और नाकामयाब म� बाँटते ह।� लेिकन वो कहाँ जाए िज�ह� ये माहीन लाईन नज़र ही नह� आती हो, िदमाग दो चीज़� म� अंतर करना ही नह� जानता हो, या यूं कह� िक कर ही न पा रहा हो, तो वो कहाँ जाए, �या करे? एक पल म� लगता है िक िकतना शोर है िदमाग म�, मगर दुसरे ही पल लगता है िक कु छ भी नह� है िदमाग म�, बस एक अजीब सी खामोशी है। िजतना शोर िवचिलत करता है, उतना ही यह स�नाटा, यह खामोशी परशे ान, बहत� परशे ान, बहत� �यादा परेशान कर रही है। ये एक अजीब सी क�मकश, शायद क�मकश कहना सही नह� होगा, मगर कु छ है| ये शोर और स�नाटे म� झलू ती ह�ई म।� �या ये सबके साथ कभी न कभी िजदं गी के िकसी मोड़ पर ऐसा होता है �या? कु छ समझ नह� आ रहा, असल म� यही समझ नह� आ रहा िक समझना �या है, �या उलझा है िजसे सुलझाना है? ये धँधु छट जाए, इस से पहले िक, इस से पहले िक �या?? ये भी नह� पता िक धुँध का छटना �य� ज�री है, �या होगा अगर धधँु छट गई तो? �या म� वा�तिवकता और का�पिनकता म� अंतर करना भूल गई ह�ँ या उलझ के रह गई हँ� दोन� म�? ĝijĒĭŊ ðđ øĸ ĮĞȽı ĮęĜĒ ĝđɋĒø Surya M.K Hindi Dept. DHRISHTI 2021-22 137

‫اﻟﻘﺻﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻷدب اﻟﻌرﺑﻲ اﻟﺣدﯾث‬ ‫ﻛﺎن اﻷدﺑﺎء ﯾﻛﺗﺑون اﻟﻣﻘﺎﻣﺎت ﻋﻠﻰ أﺳﻠوب ﻣﻘﯾدﻓﺎﺷﺗﮭر ﺑﮭذا اﻟﻔن ﺑدﯾﻊ اﻟزﻣﺎن اﻟﮭﻣداﻧﻲ و اﻟﺣرﯾري‬ ‫واﻟزﻣﺧﺷري وﻏﯾرھم ‪ .‬وﻟﻣﺎ ﺑدأ اﻟطﻼب ﯾﺗﻌﻠﻣون اﻟﻠﻐﺎت اﻷورﺑﯾﺔ ﻣن اﻟﻔرﻧﺳﯾﺔ و اﻹﻧﺟﻠﯾزﯾﺔ و اﻟروﺳﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺛروا ﺑﺄدﺑﮭم اﻟﺟدﯾد و أﺧذوا ﯾﻛﺗﺑون اﻟﻘﺻص ﺑﺄﺳﻠوب ﺳﺎذج وﯾﻧﺷروﻧﮭﺎ و ﺗرﺟﻣو ﻛﺛﯾرا ﻣن اﻟﻘﺻص‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺷﮭورة ﻓﻲ ﺳﺎﺋر اﻟﻠﻐﺎت ‪ .‬و ﻣن أﺷﮭر اﻟﻣؤﻟﻔﯾن ﻓﻲ اﻟﻘﺻﺔ اﻟﺷﯾﺦ أﺣﻣد ﻓﺎرس اﻟﺷدﯾﺎق وھو ﯾﺑﺣث ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﺻﺔ ﻋن أﺣوان اﻟﻣﺟﺗﻣﻊ وﯾﻧﺎﻗش ﻋن طرﯾﻖ اﻟﻣﺷﺎﻛل ‪ ،‬و ﺳﻠﯾم اﻟﺑﺳﺗﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﺣرر ﻣﺟﻠﺔ \" اﻟﺟﻧﺎن \" و أﺻدر‬ ‫ﻓﯾﮭﺎ ﻗﺻص ﺑﺎﺳم ‪ ،‬اﻟﮭﯾﺎم ﻓﻲ ﺟﻧﺎن اﻟﺷﺎم ‪ ،‬و أﺳﻣﺎء ‪ ،‬و ﺳﻠﻣﻰ و ﺳﺎﻣﯾﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻛﻠﮭﺎ ﻣن اﻟﻘﺻص اﻹﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ و‬ ‫وﺿﻊ ﻗﺻﺻﺎ ﺗﺎرﯾﺧﯾﺎ ‪ .‬وﻟﮫ ﺗرﺟﻣﺎت ﻋدﯾدة ﻓﻲ اﻟﻘﺻص ﻣن اﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻔرﻧﺳﯾﺔ ‪ .‬و ﻛﺎن ﺳﻌﯾد اﻟﺑﺳﺗﺎﻧﻲ ﯾﻛﺗب‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺻﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺻﺣف و اﻟﻣﺟﻼت ‪ .‬وﯾﻌرض آراءه ﻓﻲ ﻗﺻﺻﮫ ‪ .‬و ﺳﯾدة اﻟﯾﺎس ﺑطرس اﻟﺑﺳﺗﺎﻧﻲ وﺟورج‬ ‫زﯾدان و ﻓرح اﻧطون و ﻧﻘوﻻ ﺣداد و اﻟدﻛﺗور ﯾﻌﻘوب ﺻروف وﺿﻌوا ﻗﺻﺻﺎ إﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ و ﺗﺎرﯾﺧﯾﺔ ‪ .‬و أﻣﯾن‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺻر اﻟدﯾن ﻟﮫ ﻗﺻﺔ ﺑﺈﺳم ﻋﺎدة ﺑﺻرى و زﯾﻧب ﻓواز اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﯾﺔ وﺿﻌت ﺑﻌض اﻟﻘﺻص ﻣﻧﮭﺎ ‪ ,‬ﻛورش ﻣﻠك‬ ‫اﻟﻔرس ‪ ،‬و ﺣﺳن اﻟﻌواﻗب أو ﻏﺎدة اﻟزھراء و ﻓرﯾده ﻋطﯾﺔ ﻋﻣﻠت ﻓﻲ اﻷدب و اﻟﺻﺣﺎﻓﺔ و ﻛﺗﺑت ﻗﺻﺔ ‪,‬ﺑﯾن‬ ‫ﻋرﺷﯾن‪ ،‬و ﺧﻠﯾل ﺧﯾﺎط ﻛﺗب ﻗﺻﺔ ﻣن ﻧﯾوﯾورك و اﻟدﻛﺗور ﺧﻠﯾل ﺳﻌﺎدة ﻛﺗب ﻗﺻﺗﮫ أﺳرار اﻟﺛورة اﻟروﺳﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻧﺔ ‪ 1905‬م ‪ .‬و ﺟﺑران ﺧﻠﯾل ﺟﺑران و ﻣﯾﺧﺎﺋﯾل ﻧﻌﯾﻣﺔ ﻛﺗﺑﺎ ﻗﺻﺻﺎ ﻛﺛﯾرة ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌرﺑﯾﺔ ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻷﻗﺻوﺻﺔ ﻟﮭﺎ أھﻣﯾﺔ ﻛﺑرى ﻓﻲ اﻷدب اﻟدﯾث وﻗد اﻧﺗﺷرت ﻓﻲ اﻷﻗطﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﻌرﺑﯾﺔ ﺑﻣرور اﻟزﻣﺎن ﺑوﺳﺎطﺔ ﻣﺣﻣود ﺗﯾﻣور و ﻧﺟﯾب ﻣﺣﻔوظ و ﻏﯾرھﻣﺎ ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺣﺳﯾﻧﺔ ﻋﺑد ﷲ‬ ‫ﻗﺳم اﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌرﺑﯾﺔ‬ ‫‪Haseena‬‬ ‫‪Arabic Dept.‬‬ ‫‪DHRISHTI 2021-22‬‬ ‫‪138‬‬

Bonnes raisons d’apprendre le français 1- Apprendre une seule langue ne suffit pas. Dans le monde d’aujourd’hui, parler une seule langue ne suffit pas. Un élève qui parle plusieurs langues multipliera ses chances sur le marché de l’emploi dans son propre pays et au niveau international. Apprendre une autre langue, c’est acquérir une richesse supplémentaire et s’ouvrir d’autres horizons, personnels et professionnels. 2- La découverte d’un univers culturel incomparable. Le français est souvent considéré comme la langue de la culture. Tout cours de français s’accompagne d’un voyage culturel dans le monde de la mode, de la gastronomie, des arts, de l’architecture et de la science. Apprendre le français, c’est aussi avoir accès en version originale aux textes des grands écrivains français comme Victor Hugo ou Marcel Proust et de poètes illustres comme Charles Baudelaire ou Jacques Prévert. 3- Le français est, avec l’anglais, la seule langue parlée sur les 5 continents. Plus de 200 millions de personnes parlent français sur les 5 continents. Le français est une grande langue de communication internationale. C’est la langue étrangère la plus largement apprise après l’anglais et la neuvième langue la plus parlée dans le monde 4- Un avantage pour étudier en France. Parler français permet de poursuivre des études en France dans des universités réputées (La Sorbonne, l’Université Pierre et Marie Curie…) ou dans les grandes écoles (HEC, Polytechnique, ESSEC), souvent à des conditions financières très avantageuses. 5- Visiter Paris et la France. La France est le pays le plus visité au monde avec plus de 70 millions de visiteurs par an. Avec des notions de français, il est tellement plus agréable de visiter Paris et toutes les régions de France (de la douceur de la Côte d’Azur aux sommets enneigés des Alpes en passant les côtes sauvages de la Bretagne). 6- La langue des relations internationales. Le français est à la fois langue de travail et une des deux langues officielles à l’ONU, à l’UNESCO, à l’OTAN, dans l’Union européenne, au Comité International Olympique, à la Croix Rouge Internationale. Le français est la langue de plusieurs instances juridiques internationales. La maîtrise du français est indispensable pour toute personne qui envisage une carrière dans les organisations internationales. 7- La langue des « Lumières ». Le français est la langue des idéaux universalistes portés par les philosophes du siècle des « Lumières » qui ont contribué à faire rayonner l’idée des Droits de l’Homme dans le monde. LES ÉCOLES OÙ LE FRANÇAIS EST ENSEIGNÉ AUX ÉMIRATS ARABES UNIS De nombreuses écoles privées et publiques, aussi les alliances françaises aux Émirats offrent la possibilité d’apprendre le français comme langue étrangère voire comme langue maternelle. Elles proposent à leurs élèves de passer les examens du DELF junior (Diplôme d’études en langue française) ou du DELF Prim (niveau primaire), organisé par les Alliances françaises des Emirats arabes unis. Ces examens donnent lieu à des diplômes délivrés par le ministère français de l’Education et sont reconnus mondialement. Les enseignants de ces écoles reçoivent des formations et une habilitation à exercer en tant qu’examinateurs-correcteurs. Hakima Hlali Professeur de français Hakima Hleli French Dept. DHRISHTI 2021-22 139

3D SHAPES 3D shapes are fat like a bear not flat like a line. A cone is like a Birthday hat A sphere is like a bouncy ball A prism is like the building blocks A cylinder is like a party pop A cube is like a dice you drop in snake and ladder game 3D shapes are here and there 3D shapes are everywhere in the nature. Ms. Anu Noble 140 Math Dept. DHRISHTI 2021-22

Subconscious Mind Your personality is ultimately shaped by your experiences, and circumstances that comes your way and your ability to face those events. Countering it pro- ductively by exhibiting your skills and logical reasoning defines your person- ality, this all happens with the decisions you make in conscious mind, what about thoughts, beliefs, opinions, theories, or dogmas you write, engrave, or impress on your subconscious mind, you shall experience them as the objec- tive manifestation of circumstances, conditions, and events. What you write on the inside you will experience on the outside. You have two sides to your life, objective and subjective, visible and invisible, thoughts and its manifesta- tion. Your brain receives your thought, which is the organ of your conscious reasoning mind. When your conscious or objective mind accepts the thought completely, it is sent to the solar plexus, called the brain of your mind, where it becomes flesh and is made manifest in your experience. Your subconscious mind cannot argue. It acts only from what you write on it. It accepts your verdict or the conclusion of your conscious mind as final. Train your mind to judge the things and situations in the right perspective so that your subcon- scious mind drifts towards the solution rather than escaping from it, this is why you are always writing on the book of life, because your thoughts become your experiences. The American essayist, Ralph Waldo Emerson said, “Man is what he thinks all day long”. Mohammed Mohsin Math Dept. DHRISHTI 2021-22 141

0! Maths - an incredible tale of numbers full of thrilling combinations, engrossing ideas, and musing questions. I believe Maths is gripping because it reveals its cards when they are least ex- pected. A few days back, I came to know the story of 0! This may not sound very tempting to Maths wizards reading this but believe me, I was totally in love with Maths once again with this simple yet not so simple question. So this exclamation looking symbol is a Mathematical operation factorial which means to multiply a series of descending natural numbers. For example 4! = 4*3*2*1=24 Now we take it as a fact that 0!=1 but what’s funny is that how can we decrease a number till 1 which is already less than 1. So to decode this cipher let us all do a mental exercise. So let’s calculate what is 5!, 4!, 3!, 2!, 1! So 5! = 5*4*3*2*1 =120 4! = 4*3*2*1 = 24 3! = 3*2*1 = 6 2! = 2*1 = 2 1! = 1 and now if we look closely 4! is nothing but 5!/5 and 3! is 4!/4. Going on 2! = 3!/3 and 1!=2!/2 and leaping one step forward we can get 0! that is 1! /1 and yes it results in 1. Isn’t it baffling that multiplying no numbers together results in 1? But this is how Maths is. Beautiful. GOD’S PLAN We heard them say,” science and faith cannot co-exist; the voice of reason or the voice of faith, must drown out the other”. So, what to choose and what to aban- don? Well, I will not discard either. Instead I will say that I need both science and religion, the former to help me invent wonders and the latter to bequeath me with moral conscience to not misuse those inventions. DHRISHTI 2021-22 142

What is the largest number your mind can conceive? What is the size of the universe? The answer to both these questions is the same. The answer is not infinity, it is zero. Yes! The size of the universe is zero, and so is the largest number! I know it’s difficult to comprehend but let me explain. For every positive number there exists a negative number in Mathematics. For every matter there exists an anti-matter in nature. This is the bigger picture. Therefore, when you put everything together, the size of the universe is zero. Zero is thus simultaneously everything as well as nothing. That’s why it’s called a whole number. You add or remove anything from this whole, it still remains a whole. So, this is where I am reminded of a famous quote by Albert Einstein, “Science without religion is lame, religion without science is blind.” The history of zero satisfies this quote brilliantly. In India, the Sanskrit word for “empty” or “blank” is sunya. This sunya is transliterated, within the Indian system of numerology, as the idea of zero and indeed the symbol “0” as we know it today. If we think about this circle “0”, it suddenly takes on an appro- priateness to the notion of nothing, even pictographically. For, at the centre of its circumference is a blank similar to the void in the centre of the sky. This profound correlation between Mathematics and nature can be used to ex- plain the evolution of religion. Math and religion are fundamentally similar, as they both try to seek truth and use faith to find it. Maths proofs have always lent a helping hand to explore nature allowing us to procure reasons behind religious beliefs. There- fore creating more belief in both Math and religion. Progress in each allows a person to be more patient and faith to discover more about unsolved mysteries of nature. “AN EQUATION MEANS NOTHING TO ME UNLESS IT EXPRESSES A THOUGHT OF GOD. “ - Srinivas Ramanujan Sooraj K. Math Dept. DHRISHTI 2021-22 143

Tree Planting and Reforestation Will Help Limit Global Warming. Planting new trees is one of the most effective ways to reduce atmo- spheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and limit global warming. As forests grow they remove CO2 from the air through photosynthesis, working as a natural reservoir to store carbon. Planned projects world- wide will plant billions of trees and it is thought that forests will help protect the environment for future generations. An estimated 420 million hectares (one billion acres) of forest have been lost since 1990, converted to farmland and other uses. But by planting new trees in existing forests (reforestation) and growing in areas with no previous tree cover (afforestation) nations are using nature-based solu- tions to tackle man-made industrial emissions. Afforestation is seen as one of the best ways to store carbon. Data gath- ered by the United Nations (UN) shows that, by 2015, China had planted 79 million hectares (195 million acres) in an effort to stop farmland from turning into desert. Next was the US, which planted forest covering 26 million hectares (65 million acres), ahead of Russia with 20 million hect- ares (49 million acres). The US Forest Service says it uses both afforestation and reforestation to restore forestland damaged by events like wildfire, climate change, and insect and disease damage. Benefits it lists from planting include creating new wildlife habitat, improving clean water supply, stopping soil erosion, and sequestering carbon. Sadly, despite slowing in recent decades, deforestation losses worldwide still outweigh planting gains. Forest areas measuring 10 million hectares (25 million acres) were cut down and cleared every year between 2015 and 2020. That is roughly equal to the land area of Iceland or South Korea each year. DHRISHTI 2021-22 144

Clearing forest releases CO2 and has contributed 23 percent of all man-made greenhouse gas emissions. One study says it has caused hotter day temperatures in Asia, Europe, and North America. In these regions, where more than 15 percent of tree cover was removed, defor- estation led to a third of the increase in average hottest day tempera- tures. That impact comes on top of biodiversity and species loss – 80 percent of the world’s known terrestrial plant and animal species are found in forests. Regeneration and afforestation together create a healthier eco- system for wildlife and plants to flourish. Other benefits include flood prevention, as tree roots absorb excess water, shade to stop soil from drying out, and increased cloud cover and cooling caused by water evaporation. What scientists know for sure is that time is a factor, so drone technolo- gy is one of the seed dispersal methods being considered for rapid planting. Startups like Flash Forest aim to plant one billion trees using aerial drones by 2028. Projects in Saudi Arabia, India, and Croatia follow similar strategies. NASA expert analysis of the trillion tree concept says that reforestation and afforestation alone cannot counter climate change: we also need a decrease in fossil fuel emissions. Irum Rashid Science Dept. DHRISHTI 2021-22 145

WHY SOCIAL SCIENCE? SOCIAL SCIENCE MAKES SENSE OF THE INSTITUTIONS THAT SHAPE OUR LIVES. Social science subject discusses various topics including why people vote, why states go to war (proven prevention techniques), effective strategies to teach citizenship in local communities, and improving the provision of public services. Overall, it is impossible to ignore the myriad ways in which social science helps us understand, create, and engage with the institutions that shape our lives. Put simply, the social sciences are important because they create better institu- tions and systems that affect people’s lives every day. Creating frameworks for understanding the origins and effects of regime type, the purpose of political parties, the reasons for polarization, the structure of social networks, the goals and structures of government agencies, or the challenges and opportunities faced by service providers and nonprofits are all attempts to make sense of structures that have real and profound on-the-ground impacts. The Social Studies provide a better evidence-based grounding for evaluating our social and political world. Clearer evidence and greater knowledge can help strengthen institutions by providing data for policy outcomes and better mech- anisms for promoting civic participation and engagement. Just as significant, beyond building more accurate and functional general un- derstandings of the world and its institutions and social and political systems, social science helps individuals better understand how to engage with these systems both for their own and society’s benefit. In a democracy, this under- standing is crucial. We recognize the importance of the natural sciences in investigating the physi- cal world, including personal health, space travel, and improved transportation. However, the actual prevention of disease or the adoption of a new and im- proved public transit system is a political problem, requiring an understanding of political institutions, public management, and policy implementation. DHRISHTI 2021-22 146

Thus, social sciences help people understand how to interact with the social world—how to influence policy, develop networks, increase government ac- countability, and promote democracy. These challenges, for many people around the world, are immediate, and their resolution can make a vast difference in people’s lives. While many social science disciplines are important in helping people to under- stand and engage with the wide variety of institutions that shape their lives, po- litical science is particularly valuable in helping people learn to be citizens. Through participating in government at all levels, holding lawmakers account- able, and upholding democratic norms and values, individuals must have the resources to understand how government works and how laws and regulations are made; evaluate policies and outcomes based on effectiveness and values; make informed decisions about policy preferences; and, especially, understand the importance of participating in government, from voting to protesting. Politi- cal scientists are essential in providing these resources, in classrooms and in the public sphere. Consequently, political science, through teaching and research, provides a solid framework for understanding the political and social systems that shape our lives. Social science research tells us that effective public services, active participation in public policy, and engagement with local community organizations are very challenging if the government is not transparent and accountable and citizens are not sufficiently engaged. Thus, social science is important because it pro- vides an evidence-based foundation on which to build a more effective govern- ment and democracy. Why social science? Because it helps people understand and engage with the key political and social institutions, thus benefiting individu- als and society as a whole. Haneefa .K Social Science Dept. DHRISHTI 2021-22 147

Leadership in 20th era. Leadership is a lifelong journey that begins with self-awareness. Great leaders possess certain qualities that draw people in. The characteristics of great man- agers and leaders don’t come without practice. Once the famous Oscar winning Meryl Streep quoted, her favourite director is a man who always spoke so silently that the whole crew had to be literally quiet in the room in order to hear the instructions. Once she asked him, why do you speak so softly which is not audible for others in spite of being a director, to which he replied, it’s never the decibel that maters but the content. When others are being quiet in order to hear my instructions that makes me the most powerful man in that room, a quality which he has learnt from his father. A genuine leader is not a searcher for consensus but a moulder of consensus. A leader with leadership traits should help in reconciling the personal goals of the employees with the organizational goals. The tactic of using the best quali- ty of his employee to the fullest without even the employee knowing lies the victory of a leader. A leader should always invite suggestions and if possible implement the suggestions put forth by his team into plans and programmes. In this fast moving life, we often lack the courtesy of patience. Patience the key virtue, should be the trump card of a leader. He can be a friend by sharing the feelings, opinions and desires with her employees. She can be a philosopher by utilizing his intelligence and experience and thereby guiding the employees as and when time requires. She can be a guide by su- pervising and communicating the employees the plans and policies of top management and secure their co-operation to achieve the goals of a concern. At times he can also play the role of a counsellor by counselling and a prob- lem-solving approach. The reason why we need leaders is because his body may rest in soil but his actions prevail, which will be inspirational for the fourth coming generation. Last but not the least a leader should be the one who takes it for the team, one for all!!! Ashley Jacob Social Science Dept. DHRISHTI 2021-22 148

A Happy Childhood is Perhaps the Most Fortunate Gift in Life : Dorothy Richardson The period of early childhood development is potentially the most important period of life. To reach their full potential, children need appropriate support from families, education, and healthcare profes- sionals during this period. The first three years after birth are one of rapid growth and development, as a child’s brain creates complex neural pathways at an unprecedented speed. By age six, the brain has developed to 90% of its adult size, as children continue to absorb a staggering amount of information from their experiences and environment. These early experiences, both good and bad, lay the foundation for a child’s future survival, growth, health, and wellbeing. Children grow and develop best when parents give a child affection, attention, and stimulation. The World Health Organisation’s Nurturing Care Framework asks that parents monitor and promote child development by focusing on five key areas: 1. Good Health 2. Adequate Nutrition 3. Responsive Caregiving 4. Security and Safety 5. Opportunities for Early Learning Although often considered a frivolous activity, play is an integral component of a child’s development. Simply put, play is learning. Play can involve all of a child’s senses (sight, hearing, smell, touch, taste), and through play, children develop a number of skills, including problem-solving, creativity, expression of emotions and socialisation. Importantly, play helps a child develop self-confidence and self-worth, by strengthening attachment with parents and caregivers. Research has consistently shown that good early childhood development will have a direct positive impact on a child’s long-term health outcomes and will improve future opportunities, school attainment and even earning potential. Particularly important is the impact of this period on a child’s emotional and social development, which is vital for their future confidence, communication, relationships, com- munity inclusion and mental health. Early childhood development is a period of great opportunity, but also one of great vulnerability. Adverse effects to child development in the first years of life can have life-long consequences and can negatively impact on school readiness and learning potential, mental and physical health as an adult, resilience to stress and resolving conflict, as well as depleted family resources and inter-generational poverty. However, recovery is possible with appropriate intervention and support. Investment in child development policies and programmes will result in long-term returns, as children with adequate sup- port in their early years are healthier, better educated and more likely to contribute to society and the global economy “Commitment to early childhood development can be the catalyst to enable children to thrive, and thereby transform health and human potential” – World Health Organisation: Survive, Thrive, Transform. Sreelekshmi.S. Pillai Social Worker DHRISHTI 2021-22 149

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ITS ROLE IN THE WORLD TODAY Artificial Intelligence, commonly referred to as AI, is an area of Computer Science that designs – and builds – machines that act intelligent. This may be through mimicking human emotions or through doing repetitive cognitive tasks such as driving a car, translations etc. They can also be machines that work and react like human beings through emotion. The term artificial intelligence was coined in 1956, but AI has become more popular today thanks to increased data volumes, advanced algorithms, and improvements in computing power and storage. Early AI research in the 1950s explored topics like problem solving and symbolic methods. In the 1960s, the US Department of Defense took interest in this type of work and began training computers to mimic basic human reasoning. For example, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) completed street mapping projects in the 1970s. And DARPA produced intelligent personal assistants in 2003, long before Siri, Alexa or Cortana were household names. This early work paved the way for the automation and formal reasoning that we see in computers today, including decision support systems and smart search systems that can be designed to complement and augment human abilities. While Hollywood movies and science fiction novels depict AI as human-like robots that take over the world, the current evolution of AI technologies isn’t that scary – or quite that smart. Instead, AI has evolved to provide many specific benefits in every industry. AI in everyday life Below are some AI applications that you may not realize are AI-powered: • Online shopping and advertising: Artificial intelligence is widely used to provide personalized recommendations to people, based for example on their previous searches and purchases or other online behavior. AI is hugely important in commerce: optimizing products, planning inventory, logistics etc. • Web search: Search engines learn from the vast input of data, provided by their users to provide relevant search results. DHRISHTI 2021-22 150