ศรีวิชัยในสุวรรณทวีป = Srivijaya in Suvarnadvipa

QJ ~TflHU OJ Conten s el1flifl'U'Vlbb'1~f1~91m''a:IJU'a~n1A Author's Preface and Acknowledgements SrTvijaya in Suvarr:i advTpa From Inscribed Cobbles to Inscriptions: What is the Importance of the Name SrTvijaya? From In dependent States on the Thai -M alay Pen insula to the Federal States of SrTvijaya. SrTvijaya: Th e Great Maritime Warriors of the Southern Sea. Snvijaya: Land of the Buddha Dharma moo 'U'Vl~ ct'. l'1'a?l~~b~0~'i..lf11 Vl~0 'a1'lJ1LiJ0-:J'V11?11tl'1 ? Are Th ey Pirates of Merchants' Ships or Lord s of an International Em porium? 'U'V16l'•atl Conclusion 'U'a'aW1'4m':W / Bibliog raphy

'i11~fl1\\11 L?ll.J1 LijB~ '1'11JVl1\\11L?ll.J1 bijB~ €J_Lij€J~ '1 'ii.'Wrl'ii'l~D'i'il.J'i1'11 VjVl5Pifl'i1'1J c,,roc,,c;; rirK~ fl'11~·1m~J11.Jfl'W'WD.llru't'l?lm'WLL'v1~'111~ 'ii.UVJl.J51i1 Wat Semamuang Inscription, found at Wat Semamuang, Muang District, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, c. 775 CE . Central Storage of the Office of National Museums, Pathumthani Province. '1i'u~ mmiu ?tm'WVJ'l'IU'il7~flfl1miu VjV15Plm7'11 @rol!:>c,, 'vi~dzj~ij d1m,nlll.J'W'W'Bf71J 1'17?1'W?lmmL 'Wrl'iEJ nEJ1 n11111 '1111m ri fl'17~ €iu1\\1li1 L~fo Candi Kalasan, the place was in associated with the Kalasan Inscription, c. 778 CE, Yogyakarta, Central Java, Indonesia.

♦ ~m'i111fl'\\Jn\\;l b'UBi'llh Vl~€l b'i1€lb:::n'1\\;l:::flfltl ~ '\\I 1!, ' ~'U1tl'U~b,ru'U'il~'Utlbuuvluvhrn~b'U?ltlfl~?l\\;lbmilB~uir~ l.J1b1;1b'1fo \"1Vl15i'l\\;11'i'l'l'lvi '9ll!J Bukit Bersurai Inscription or Cerok Tok Kun Inscription, found in situ in the area of a Catholic church in Penang, Malaysia, 6th- t h century CE . Stone image of Buddha, found at Bukit Sikuntang, Palembang, Sumatra, Indonesia 'Dti~ ~l.J~~ 1unzj..J1m1rum;nu.11\"J1 'Dl.JU bilB~'Dl.JU bfl1:::~l.J1\\;l'l1 Btifa~b•ifo Candi Gumpung in the Muarajambi Complex, Jambi, Sumatra , Indonesia

♦ Kota Kapur Inscription, found at Island of Bangka, east of the island of Sumatra, Indonesia, c. 686 CE. - 1tJ1'i!teJ-~~V11v1r11~ir'W~'lJ{;1:;1'lJ00n Lm:; ~1~f1bli1el'11f11 tJ1\\i1 Vl1el~1~f1'111LtJfl~fl~ ~1~nn11i1 \"WtJ~il'111 mil''W dfo~n11i1 -\"WtJ~d'.l0~L1i1eJG17f11tJ71i1 ~~V11v1l.'lmm11iii' Lf11:;l.'ll.171i111 B'W1vi,1L~fo -' ' VjYllii'\\li11rn!I~ @o 'Uelfl11l.1~1f1~'11~1~f1Vl'1f1-dtJeJf11~Yl11tJ11 B'Wlv!UL'lfo VjYllii'\\\\i1111~~ (i)Q1 -'W1:;11\"1J1Yl1 ~'W1:;'lJ1l.Jl.lG111lJ'W1rnt~1~l.'I{1~t'W Telaga Batu Inscription or Sabokingking Inscription, Kutai Inscription, found at Muara Kaman in Kutai, East found in Telaga Batu, South Sumatra Province, Island of Kalimantan, Island of Borneo, Indonesia, 5th century CE . Sumatra, Indonesia, t hcentury CE . The inscription was erected by King MOlavarman.

♦ ~~1'il11f1b~tJ'ab~'I.J '' 'Ut, Vn.J'Vl~:W~~bb:U1.J1b~tJ'ab~'I.J b~tJ:wbUtJ ~ 1 1n1d'hN u 'ij~'\\111~'l117\\i1:::11.J\\i1fl bfl1:::'l111 B'I.JL~Ub:ifo 'l'jVl1H'l\\i11'a'a1!1~ (>)Q - (9)(9) fl11:Wfl~11~~'W'a:::b'11'UW.m:W'I.J ~ Ciaruteun Inscription, found at the bank of Ciaruteun River, Ciampea , Bogor, West Java Province, Island of Java, Indonesia, 5th century CE. The name of King Porr}avarman appears in the inscription . 'l-im'\\J'l17tJ - w..1i~~'ll1.J~~b~:W'tleJ~bn1:•::~mm1 ,J~e'.i1b'\\J~0n1:w 'l'/1:::Yl:w~1~'U'l'/1:::'l'/V' 15b'11'U'a:::'\\1'UV'I.J 'W'U11.JbYl~t:-J1 b'tl1'tl'I.J1'Utl7 • '\\J • el.bi'Jel~ 'il .m:::~ 'l'jVl5i'l\\i11'a'a1!1~ <,)\\!, o/lo/l5i\\'ru'Yi~'111.Jbi'leJ~'5':wu bfl7:::~:w7\\i1'a1 B'I.JL~Ub~ftJ Clay sealing depicting image of standing Buddha, Model of primitive people of Sumatra, found at the rock shelter of Khao Khanap Nam, wearing bark-cloth. Jambi City Museum, Muang District, Krabi Province, 6th century CE. Island of Sumatra, Indonesia.

,hmiu~ V110 mT,nm1;1u d'.i0~mbn01;1~ 'IJ11mr1nm~ bfl1~'/J11 B'I.J1~ub;tl Vl'VliS?lm1.J~?1{1~0vil'lm1ti1~bVl'l'Jflb1'i ''' ~1.JiJ~5i7'1.Jl1l7l.lf117l.111.J~\"n'il1~nnTfo~un16 '1'V15Plfl'i7'/J c;iG11cid'. 1101'ilbi'J1.J?1m1.J~~~V11~l'IV1Wi~b'17B'I.J'Vl'i~ Candi Pawon or Brajanalan, Magelang City, Central Java, Island of Java, Indonesia. It was a Buddhist shirne of god Kuvera. According to Karangtengah Inscription, dated 842 CE, It was probably a buried place of King Indra. Vl'U'Vl~1'U'1'1.J1?11'l 0.Vl'l~Vl'lVllJ 'il .'I.Jf111'11511:1.J11'/J Vl'U'Vll~V1WV11Vll.l 0.vi1,rn '1.~17~!]151\\1 '1'Vli:il'lm11~v1 (;)'11 -w-w;snru'l'l?lm1.Jbb'l-i~'IJ1~ ur111'11511m1'/J '1'VliSl'l\\11111~~ c;i'11 'W'WiSJlru'l'l?l(l1'1.Jbb'l-i~'IJ1~ 1'1Jtl1 Stone head from an image of Buddha, Stone head from an image of Buddha, found at Tambon Nasan, Phra Phrom District, found at Wat Phra Phrom, Tha Chang District, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, 8th century CE. Suratthani Province, 8th century CE . National Museum, Nakhon Si Thammarat. National Museum, Chaiya.

♦ Lfl~eM'Vlel~1m1ru 'Vi'\\J~:U'l'i7'ijlJ'LJ Lfl7~~:IJ7\\il'i1 B'Uhi'LlL~fo vlvl5.nru'i'IG'lt:17'ULL'\\-1~'1l7~L:l'jeJ~'ijlJ'LJ Ancient gold ornaments found at Muarajambi site, Jambi, Island of Sumatra, Indonesia. Museum of Jambi. \\'i1'Uviv'Uei~r1'Vi1~1Yi'ii~lil1mfafolilm11;111\\il 'Vi'i~''VV'ji''VVllili'~iilU'l'lii'l.';l'U'i''il~.l'~i~Y~l'\\J-Vc'U;io~''1VUi'U~1B'L'UlmL~fl1tl1LiLl•'t\\mJ'\\~J1e'lV:Ult'ii11~ ,hrn'Vi'\\J~LLVl~~LLVl\"1:U1YiB - lil.Vj:UL~tl~ ei .hti1 ,J.~11~~151u vlvlii.nru'l'l?lt:n'ULL'l-1~'117~ 'Vi'i~'Ufl'i Vj'V151'1\\il'l'i'i~~ c;i<i'. vlvlii.flill'i'IG'lt:n'ULL'l-1~'117~ 1'1ltl7 Stone image of standing Buddha, found in Southern Thailand, 4th- 5th century CE, Bronze image of Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara, found at Laem Pho-Payang site, 9th century CE. National Museum, Bangkok. National Museum, Chaiya.

♦ 1Yf'i~ w5i\\il1enfarib1Mn1 ~1~\\i1U\\i1'\\/lel~ W'U~lJ1':i1~:W'U b:Uel~~:W'U bfl1~~:w1\\il':i1 B'UL\\i1Ub;EJ Yj'\\/15fl\\il'J':i':i'\\!IVI @b 'W'W5fi'1J'fl'1t11'Ub:Uel~~:W'U Gilded bronze image of Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara, found in Muarajambi, Jambi, Island of Sumatra, Indonesia, 10th- 11th century CE. Museum of Jambi. Vl'U~~elL'U':i1'1J'llel-lb'Utl1'1W',\\/15!'1fl':i1'1f @ctct~ ''Ui\"UW':i~LGlfl'U1tlbb'1~f11'U':i':iEJ1EJ'J1 \"'11, ':i':iC\\JC• \\JU,b':i fl~• 1'1fEJU,b':i L'1fl'U1t:l\" Nepalese manuscript depicts Lokanatha and his attendants and a sentence reads \"Suvarr:ir:iapure SrTvijayapure Lokanatha\", dated 1015 CE.