ED&epaTrtCment PRESENTS ABHIVARG VOL7.2 2022-23
TECHNOLOGY TRENDS TRANSFORMING HUMANITY Abhivarg 7.2 2022-23
CONTENTS MESSAGES DEAN HOD FACULTY IN CHARGE ARTICLES STUDENT TEACHERS ALUMINI INDUSTRY PARENTS COMMITTEE MEMBERS ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Messages
Dean's Message This magazine has finally released it’s 7.2 volume, containing total information from the experts of domains such as industry, successful alumni, learning students, teachers of our college and experienced parents. It has helped people to think about many innovative ideas and research on it. Our students come from different walks of life and bring with them high ambitions and dreams to make a difference in the society. We cultivate in them cultural confidence, professional competence, and versatility to become productive citizens of the country. We inspire their creative minds and help them to have an international perspective, be it in education, character building or even in sports & cultural activities. It is our endeavour to constantly evolve curriculum support, so our students stay abreast with the latest updates in this technologically developed world. The mystery of our success is on our belief that a good academic model along with a commitment to providing quality is the cornerstone for the success of higher education institutions. As a learning organization we are focused on continuous improvement – responsive to community needs and making useful contributions to education, knowledge, and the society at large. All efforts from our side and by our students has helped us develop a healthy learning environment which encourages and inculcates cultural and acceptance of differences. The results are overwhelming and motivating us to work for a greater cause. Dr. Lochan Jolly
HOD'S Message Dear Readers! It gives me an immense pleasure to write this message as the Head of one of the oldest departments of TCET. Firstly, kudos to the editorial team who year after year, tirelessly bring out editions of our department magazine titled ‘Abhivarg’ and this year it’s the 7.2 edition. Also, it appalls me thinking about the level of effort the team puts into realizing this magazine right from theme selection to deciding suitable articles under various sections and taking the final copy of this magazine. All this goes in parallel with the regular work that the student and faculty members are doing, so hats off to editorial team again who daunted all the challenges! The theme this year is Technology Trends Transforming Humanity which is quite a thought provoking title and certainly a suitable one for a technical institute like ours. Our magazine symbolizes a freewill of the author’s expression as there are no limits on one’s imaginations and thoughts. This magazine is a testament to the determination, ability and commitment of the team to promote the continuity of our scientific research and apply our collective knowledge to facilitate discoveries and exciting innovations. Enjoy the reading of ABHIVARG 7.2! Dr. Payel Saha
Faculty In-Charge's Message The inputs to our thoughts and hence our actions are evolving rapidly. One of the most common and most matured is our reliance on map applications for real time ETA predictions on various route options enabling us to take the decision. There have been cases where one relies on a new route even if you have not gone there before. Technology trends are clearly influencing human behaviour. In fact technology trends are transforming Humanity. This is the theme for this edition of Abhivarg. Artificial Intelligence is much talked about and many have ventured deep into this. It is scary to an extent that many business leaders have asked for better governance before embarking on AI platforms. In this edition, we would like to bring what’s knocking on our doors. Topics from self- replicating systems, to neuromorphic computing and BrainNet are gaining lot of attention. We sincerely hope you enjoy the magazine articles that has a good combination of articles from our students and industry experts. Happy Reading. Mrs. Sukruti Kaulgud
STUDENT ARTICLES
Nanosatellites and Space Exploration 1 INTRODUCTION Space exploration has been an exciting and Scientists, for example, are investigating the challenging field of research for decades. As we use of artificial intelligence and machine travel deeper into space, we continue to develop learning to allow nanosatellites to perform new technologies that help us learn more about the complex tasks autonomously. New materials universe. The Nanosatellite, a small satellite that are also being developed to increase the has changed the way we think about space travel, is durability and longevity of these satellites. one such technology. We will look at the potential Looking ahead, nanosatellites will play an of Nano Satellites and their role in space increasingly important role in space exploration in this article. Nano Satellites are exploration. They could be used to track space small, lightweight satellites weighing 1 to 10 kg. debris, study weather patterns, and even They are also known as CubeSats, which refers to a perform Earth-based remote sensing. specific size of nanosatellite. These satellites are Furthermore, nanosatellites could be used to low-cost and simple to manufacture, making them aid human space exploration by providing available to universities, research institutions, and navigation assistance or performing even private companies. Because of their small size, reconnaissance missions. they are also ideal for missions that require a more targeted approach. 3 CONCLUSION 2 THE BODY On a concluding note, nanosatellites are an exciting and promising technology with the One of the primary benefits of Nano Satellites is potential to revolutionise space exploration. their low cost. This allows for the deployment of a While they have limitations, their low cost and greater number of satellites at a lower overall cost, versatility make them an important tool for increasing the chances of success for space researchers and scientists. As new exploration missions. Furthermore, because technologies and techniques are developed, nanosatellites are relatively simple to manufacture the future of nanosatellites in space and launch, they can be deployed quickly and exploration appears brighter than ever. efficiently. nanosatellites however, have limitations. They have a limited power supply and Prathvin Poojary cannot carry large payloads due to their small size. TE E&TC-B 11 This restricts the kinds of experiments that can be carried out with these satellites. They are also more prone to radiation damage and atmospheric drag than larger, more traditional satellites. NanoSatellites, despite their limitations, have already been used successfully in a number of space exploration missions. The Marco CubeSats, for example, were used as part of the Mars Insight mission in 2018, providing valuable data about the planet's atmosphere. Similarly, in 2019, the LightSail 2 CubeSat was launched to test solar sail technology, which could one day be used to propel spacecraft. Researchers are developing new technologies to make NanoSatellites more capable and versatile as their use grows
Artificial Intelligence Driven Automation 1 INTRODUCTION As machines increasingly complement human labour in the workplace, we will all need to adjust For businesses, this means faster, more to reap the benefits. Automation and artificial personalized execution and processes, greater intelligence (AI) are transforming businesses and use and accuracy in data, and improvements in will contribute to economic growth via overall customer experience. contributions to productivity. At the same time, Artificial Intelligent automation platforms these technologies will transform the nature of provide many benefits across industries as a work and the workplace itself. Machines will be result of the use of large amounts of data, able to carry out more of the tasks done by precision of calculations, analysis and humans, complement the work that humans do, resulting business implementation. Key and even perform some tasks that go beyond what benefits include: humans can do. As a result, some occupations will decline, others will grow, and many more will Reduce costs by augmenting the workforce change. and improving productivity: Automating systems and processes and using data and 2 THE BODY analysis to ensure accuracy can accelerate production. AI automation also provides Automation is when we have a machine do simple, the ability to scale quickly without repeatable activities that follow instructions or increasing risk, compromising quality, or workflows set by individuals. Automation tasks putting a strain on the existing workforce. are highly repetitive, predictable tasks. Think of a Business leaders are reaping the benefits machine in a factory that manufactures the same of this capability through higher part in the same way over and over again. production yields and improved ROI. Automation requires manual configuration and Improve accuracy through consistent human supervision to effectively execute. This processes and approaches, which enhances means humans must anticipate every possible quality: The strength of artificial action, so the machine is programmed to behave intelligence is to drive decision-making the right way every time. Artificial Intelligent (AI) and bring a consistent approach to driven Automation AI automation is powerful repetitive tasks. because it allowsus to reap both the business Improve customer experience: Providing a process benefits of automation—increased speed, higher quality, more reliable product to efficiency, time-savings, and ability to scale—with market faster, or getting answers to the insights, flexibility, and processing power of queries faster (or immediately) provides a AI technology. Businesses that use AI automation richer, more positive experience for the are able to augment their capabilities, while off- customer, and thereby a competitive loading repetitive tasks to the machine. advantage for the company. This is different from pure automation in that the Address compliance and regulations with AI can start, stop, or even alter what it is doing confidence: Many industries are required based on the environment in which it operates. to adhere to specific regulatory policies. AI What's more, because the best AI systems allow automation can leverage its task marketers to set guardrails, there's no chance of automation features to prove a more unforeseen events taking outcomes too far astray. consistent approach to compliance.
3 CONCLUSION Future of AI driven automation The value of intelligent automation (IA) in the world today, across industries, is unmistakable. With the automation of repetitive tasks through IA, businesses can reduce their costs as well as establish more consistency within their workflows. The COVID-19 pandemic has only expedited digital transformation efforts, fuelling more investment within infrastructure to support automation. As remote work also surges, roles will continue to evolve. Individuals focused on low-level work will be reallocated to implement and scale these solutions as well as other higher-level tasks. Middle managers will need to shift their focus on the more human elements of their job to sustain motivation within the workforce. Middle management can also support these transitions in a way that mitigates anxiety to ensure that employees remain resilient through these periods of change. Vanshaj Gupta BE E&TC-A 66
Nanosatellite and Space Exploration 1 INTRODUCTION In recent years, the field of space exploration has For example, companies like Planet and Spire undergone a revolution thanks to the development Global use nanosatellites to provide high- of nanosatellites. These small, inexpensive resolution satellite imagery and weather data satellites have opened up a range of new to customers worldwide. These companies are possibilities for exploring the cosmos, from able to offer their services at a lower cost than monitoring weather patterns to tracking wildlife traditional satellite providers, making them an migration. In this article, we will explore the attractive option for customers who need growing role of nanosatellites in space access to this data. Another benefit of exploration. nanosatellites is their potential for use in deep space exploration. In recent years, NASA has launched several CubeSats to explore Mars and other planets. These CubeSats have been used to study the atmosphere, take photographs of the surface, and test new technology. As technology continues to advance, it is likely that nanosatellites will play an increasingly important role in exploring the outer reaches of our solar system. 2 THE BODY Nanosatellites, also known as CubeSats, are small satellites that weigh less than10kilograms and are typically only a few cubic cm in size. They are designed tobelow- cost, easy to launch, and often used for scientific research, technology demonstrations, and educational purposes. Because they are so small, they can be launched alongside larger payloads, reducing the cost of launching them into orbit. One of the primary benefits of nanosatellites is their ability to quickly and efficiently collect data from space. Because they are so small and lightweight, they can be built and launched much faster than traditional satellites and can be used for a wide range of scientific applications. For example, nanosatellites can be used to study the Earth's atmosphere, monitor weather patterns, and track changes in the environment. In addition to their scientific applications, nanosatellites are also used commercially.
3 CONCLUSION Prem Verma TE E&TC-B 52 Of course, there are also challenges associated with nanosatellites. One of the biggest challenges is their limited lifespan. Because they are so small, they have limited power and can only carry a small amount of fuel. This means that they typically only last a few months to a few years in orbit before they run out of power and fall back to Earth. Despite these challenges, the future of nanosatellites in space exploration looks bright. As technology continues to advance, it is likely that these small satellites will become even more capable and cost-effective, allowing us to explore the cosmos in ways that were once only possible with much larger and more expensive satellites. Whether it's monitoring weather patterns, tracking wildlife migration, or exploring the outer reaches of our solar system, nanosatellites are sure to play an increasingly important role in the future of space exploration.
Quantum Computing and Control 1 INTRODUCTION Similarly, quantum processors do all their work by processing qubits. How are qubits Quantum computing is an interdisciplinary field different from traditional bits? In classical that includes aspects of computer science, physics, computing, a bit is an electronic signal that is and mathematics, and uses quantum mechanics to either on or off. So the value of the classic bit solve complex problems faster than classical can be 1 (on) or 0 (off). However, qubits are computers can. The field of quantum computing based on the laws of quantum mechanics, so includes hardware research and application states can be superimposed. What is the development. Quantum computers can take principle of quantum computing? Quantum advantage of quantum mechanical effects such as computers work on quantum principles. A superposition and quantum interference to solve complete understanding of quantum principles certain types of problems faster than classical requires anew dictionary of terms such as computers. Applications where quantum superposition, entanglement and decoherence. computing can provide such acceleration include Let us understand these principles below. machine learning (ML), optimization, and Superposition shows that, like waves in simulation of physical systems.. classical physics, two or more quantum states can be added, resulting in another effective 2 THE BODY quantum state. A possible use case is portfolio optimization in 3 CONCLUSION simulations of financial or chemical systems to solve problems that are currently impossible even Conversely, each quantum state can also be on the most powerful supercomputers on the represented as the sum of two or more other market. Currently, no quantum computer can distinct states. This superposition of qubits perform useful tasks faster, cheaper, or more gives quantum computers inherent efficiently than classical computers. Quantum parallelism, allowing them to process millions advantage is the threshold at which we have built of operations simultaneously. Quantum a quantum system capable of performing entanglement occurs when two systems are so operations that the best possible classical closely related that if you know one system, computer cannot simulate in a reasonable amount you can immediately know the other, no of time. Currently, no quantum computer can matter how far apart they are. perform useful tasks faster, cheaper, or more efficiently than classical computers. Quantum Deepraj Salian supremacy is the threshold at which quantum TE E&TC-B 15 systems are built that can perform operations that the best possible classical computer cannot simulate in a reasonable amount of time. Qubits or qubits are represented by quantum particles. The manipulation of qubits by control devices is at the core of the computing power of quantum computers. A qubit in a quantum computer is similar to a bit in a classical computer. Basically, a classic machine's processor does all its work by manipulating bits.
Quantum Computing and Control 1 INTRODUCTION In the short term, it is important to define the ethical and moral implications of automation. Duplicating and falsifying work is slowly on AI and its impact have been one of the most the rise with automation tirelessly recreating commonly talked topics in today’s world. The the unique things produced by humankind as benefits of AI and the future of AI have been so the technology slowly improves over time. At widely discussed, even with those that don’t know the same time, it also brings in new jobs with how it works that the only question that remains people who know how to initiate the is when the prophecy of AI taking over the world automation and know how to work on the would be fulfilled. As an engineer, it is a known result of the automation and also those who fact that it has already begun. AI, with the help of can repair and troubleshoot any problems with sensors and IoT devices, is capable of taking automation. decisions on its own. Nearly every device which we use daily has a “smart” equivalent of it in 3 CONCLUSION today’s world. In one of our subjects in our curriculum, 5G, we learn about how 5G is going to be AI-driven with its wide range of applications in On a concluding note, Despite the chaos, the not only communicating and internet connectivity increased use of digital technologies for but also connecting IoT devices to each other and professional communications and artificial in self-driving cars. The data generated by these intelligence to track COVID-19 patients' sensors is so vast and precise, it is impossible for a rehabilitation yielded some promising results. human to manually assess it and far too accurate Many broad themes will become crucial as for a machine to make errors. AI-driven society advances to address challenges like automation is simply the need of time. COVID-19. Larger steps will be needed to ensure careful handling of biowaste, a 2 THE BODY stronger focus on indigenous capability-based manufacturing will be required, and issues like antimicrobial resistance will require more Similarly, AI-driven automation and its impact on attention. The goal is that post-pandemic our lives is overstated by popular culture. The civilization would pay more attention to entire basis of AI is to find patterns in the existing nature's warning signs and try to make data and although the idea that it might make manufacturing systems more resilient to predictions that are not in the dataset is not coming threats. impossible, it is far-fetched to think automation would result in massive loss of jobs for humans and the automation vs humans war is inevitable. The upcoming tools such as the ChatGPT may come off as scary to a few but it is important to know that it simply reiterates what is already on the internet with a better sentence Advait Chiramule BE E&TC-A 20
WEB 3.0 1 INTRODUCTION The web has changed our reality. We can work, gain and interface with individuals from the solace of our own home. However, regardless of the incredible positive changes, a few specialists are sensibly worried about the bearing it has headed today. Organizations, for example, Facebook, Google and Amazon have command over the data expressway. These organizations not just can get to the data we convey over the web, yet in addition assuming immense part in what data winds up getting introduced to us in any case. Web 3.0 is an upgrade to the Web, a meta 2 THE BODY technology for business software, a social movement for open data, and a new generation The internet will change, and business will for artificial intelligence. The next phase of have to shift along with it as Web 3.0 advances development for the web with this subsequent and technologies like blockchain develop. stage of advancement for the Internet, specialists Better security is promised by Web 3.0,which are expecting a web as an open data community also prioritises accountability and openness. and not constrained by any Central power and Businesses have been able to expand and available to anybody without consent. This vision innovate shapes the beginning of the web - Web 1.0.During thanks to the shift from the static Web 1.0 this time, the web was basically only a data to the interactive and dynamic information base individuals could remotely get Web 2.0 and access to a global market. The to. It was alluded to as peruse just and was a long following are a few advantages of Web 3.0 for way from the profoundly intuitive experience it is businesses: today. The shift towards web we know today, 1) No need for a third party. Third-party accompanied Web2.0. In around 1999, when the service providers are eliminated by web was up to new elements of intuitiveness and decentralized applications, blockchain, and turned into where individuals make an entrance smart contracts. Cryptocurrency, for instance, for a more extensive assortment of content. eliminates the need for banks because all Online commercial centres and much to financial transactions take place directly everybody. All the web-based promoting has made between the two parties. Supporters of Web some amazing progress since the perpetual pop- 3.0 claim that this will help businesses cut ups we used to get 20 years prior. It addresses a expenses and increase their competitiveness. disturbing truth concerning how the web has 2) Increased conformity with regulations. moved from correspondence entryway to a Blockchain supporters assert that it is a business gateway. This is, on account of the permanent record of transactions that is gigantic measure of data that is accessible to us in visible to everyone on the chain. Consequently, light of our hunt inquiry, exchange history and by maintaining openness, it can make it simple now and then even contribution from our gadgets. for businesses to adhere to their governance standards.
3) Greater Accountability. With the use of That means that no singular entity will be able blockchain, it is theoretically possible to to state control over data. It'll be something track every transaction and hold businesses like digital democracy. Each connected device responsible for their deeds. This might will be able to contribute to the strength of the make it simpler for customers to purchase platform. If peer-to-peer and blockchain goods from companies. technologies sound familiar that is because they 4) Enhanced customer relations. With Web are already widely in use today. Blockchain is 3.0, every transaction is visible to all one of the top technologies of next decade parties in the decentralised blockchain ledger, holding businesses directly 3 CONCLUSION accountable to their clients. Companies can As we move to a more brought together web, exploit this openness to their customers to with Augmented Reality (AR) and Artificial develop relationships of trust and loyalty. Intelligence (AI) assuming key parts in Customers can trust blockchain-based data characterizing our utilization case situations, because it is supposed to be unchangeable. we can anticipate another rush of the 5) Supply change Management: Thanks to worldwide web upset. What Web 3.0 offers of the transparency of blockchain, companies real value is that it offers designers much- might more readily monitor and manage required space for development. Then again, their supply chains in Web 3.0. Businesses clients can anticipate better advanced may immediately detect issues with encounters and a more upgraded and refined manufacturing and delivery services by web out and out. Whenever done right, Web removing silos, which will improve time 3.0 can be the way to taking care of numerous management and lower costs. issues that can stop formality, save time, BLOCKCHAIN: increment efficiency, and this at a negligible This is how blockchain is powered: instead expense. We can anticipate a more brilliant of using a group of servers for the rendition of the web, on the grounds that, in all transmission of data blockchain relies on honesty, it is digging in for the long haul. peer-to-peer network. In a peer-to-peer network a group of devices called nodes collectively store and share files without any central administration or server. So, every node has equal power and performs the same task. Asish Bhosle BE E&TC-A 9
Artificial Intelligence (AI) Driven Automation 1 INTRODUCTION Artificial intelligence (AI) driven automation is which involves setting rules for machines to rapidly transforming the way businesses operate. From manufacturing to finance, AI-powered follow, or cognitive automation, which automation is increasing efficiency, accuracy, and speed, while reducing costs and errors. In this involves machines that can learn and adapt to article, we will explore the technical aspects of AI- driven automation, its benefits, and its potential new situations. There are many benefits to applications in the business world. AI-driven automation refers to the use of AI technologies to implementing AI-driven automation in a automate tasks that were previously performed by humans. This can include a wide range of business: activities, from data analysis and decision-making to physical tasks such as manufacturing or Increased efficiency: AI-driven automation logistics. The goal of AI-driven automation is to increase efficiency, accuracy, and speed, while can perform tasks much faster and with reducing costs and errors. AI-driven automation is made possible by advances in AI technologies greater accuracy than humans, leading to such as machine learning, natural language processing, and robotics. These technologies increased efficiency and productivity. enable machines to learn from data, make predictions, and perform tasks in ways that were Cost savings: By automating tasks that previously impossible. By combining these technologies with automation, businesses can were previously performed by humans, create powerful new tools for achieving their goals. businesses can reduce labour costs and 2 THE BODY save money. Technical Aspects of AI-driven Automation AI- Improved decision-making: AI driven automation uses advanced technologies such as machine learning, natural language technologies can analyse vast amounts of processing, and robotics to automate tasks that were previously performed by humans. Machine data and provide insights that can help learning is the process by which machines learn from data, making predictions and decisions businesses make better decisions. based on patterns they identify. Natural language processing allows machines to understand and Better customer service: By using AI- interpret human language. Robotics enables machines to perform physical tasks with precision driven automation to handle routine tasks, and speed.These technologies enable businesses to automate a wide range of tasks, from data businesses can free up their employees to analysis and decision-making to physical tasks such as manufacturing or logistics. AI-driven focus on providing better customer service. automation can be implemented in various ways, such as rule-based automation, Increased safety: AI-driven automation can perform dangerous or repetitive tasks that might be hazardous to human workers. Applications of AI-driven Automation AI-driven automation is being used in a wide range of industries: Manufacturing: AI-driven automation is being used to optimize manufacturing processes, reduce defects, and improve quality control. Healthcare: AI-driven automation is being used to assist with medical diagnosis, drug development, and personalized medicine. Finance: AI-driven automation is being used to analyse financial data, identify patterns, and make investment decisions. Logistics: AI-driven automation is being used to optimize supply chain management, improve delivery times, and reduce costs.
Challenges of AI-driven Automation Vaibhavi Patil Despite its many benefits, AI-driven automation BE E&TC-A 69 also poses some challenges: Job displacement: As AI-driven automation replaces human workers in some tasks, it can lead to job displacement and unemployment. Implementation costs: Implementing AI-driven automation can be expensive, requiring significant investment in technology and infrastructure. Security risks: AI-driven automation can create new security risks, particularly if machines are connected to the internet or other networks. Ethical concerns: As AI technologies become more advanced, there are growing concerns about their ethical implications, particularly regarding privacy and bias. 3 CONCLUSION AI-driven automation has the potential to revolutionize industries across the board, leading to increased efficiency, cost savings, and improved decision-making. However, it also poses challenges such as job displacement, implementation costs, security risks, and ethical concerns. As businesses look to implement AI-driven automation, it is important to weigh these benefits and challenges carefully and to take a thoughtful approach to their adoption. Ultimately, the successful adoption of AI- driven automation will require collaboration between businesses, policymakers, and the public to ensure that the benefits are shared widely and that the risks are carefully managed.
Nanosatellites and Space Exploration 1 INTRODUCTION Nanosatellites are a type of satellite that are much to propel a satellite, and 3D-printed satellites, smaller and lighter than conventional satellites. which can be built using less expensive and Due to their comparatively inexpensive price and more readily available materials. Swarm quick construction times, nanosatellites are satellites can cooperate in development to growing in popularity. Earth observation, accomplish a number of objectives. communications, and space research are just a few Nanosatellites are being created with new of the many uses for nanosatellites. Nanosatellites propulsion technologies, such as electric equipped with high-resolution cameras and other propulsion and plasma thrusters, that will sensors can capture detailed images of the Earth, allow them to go farther and remain in orbit monitor climate change, track natural disasters, for a longer time. This innovation will make it and provide valuable data for scientific research. possible for nanosatellites to carry out more Nano satellites often have very narrow missions difficult missions, such as deep space and are frequently a component of a larger exploration. These are only a handful of the constellation of satellites that cooperate to numerous innovative new breakthroughs in accomplish a single objective. A common platform nanosatellite technology. Overall, the future of for nanosatellites, the CubeSat standard, for nanosatellites is likely to be characterized by instance, consists of 10 cm x 10 cm x 10 cm cube continued technological advancements, pieces that can be connected to create bigger expanding applications, and increased satellites. Their popularity has led to many commercialization. There is no question that innovative new designs and applications for even more astonishing developments will nanosatellites. The Iridium NEXT constellation of occur in the future with ongoing funding and 66 nanosatellites is providing global voice and data study coverage for handheld devices. Another notable project is GPS III, which will use a constellation of 3 CONCLUSION 32 nanosatellites to provide more accurate positioning information than ever before. On a concluding note, nanosatellites have become a technology that is revolutionising the 2 THE BODY space sector. With expanded applications and commercial models, they are likely to grow in One of the most exciting recent innovations is the capability, sophistication, and accessibility development of CubeSats, which are small satellites throughout time. These developments may that use a standardised cube-shaped architecture. increase the availability and affordability of Consequently, they can be produced considerably space for a wider range of businesses and more affordably and easily than conventional individuals, opening fresh possibilities for satellites, and more of them can be launched at both economic development and scientific once. Large constellations of nanosatellites are advancement being purchased by businesses like SpaceX, One Web, and Amazon in order to provide universal Priya Samal internet access. To bring internet coverage to even TE E&TC-B 16 the most remote and underdeveloped parts of the globe, these constellations may be made up of thousands of nanosatellites working together.Other recent trends include the creation of solar sails, which use the pressure of sunlight
Brain mapping and Brain uploading 1 INTRODUCTION Brain mapping and brain uploading are two fascinating concepts that have been the subject of The individual's consciousness would then be much scientific research and philosophical debate transferred to the digital platform, where it in recent years. Brain mapping refers to the could theoretically live on indefinitely. The process of creating a detailed map of the brain's idea of brain uploading raises many structure and function, while brain uploading is philosophical and ethical questions. Some the hypothetical idea of transferring an people argue that it would fundamentally individual's consciousness or mind to a digital change what it means to be human, as our platform or computer. consciousness would no longer be bound to a 2 THE BODY physical body. Others worry about the potential consequences of this technology, such as the loss of privacy or the possibility of Brain mapping has been one of the most digital consciousness being hacked or significant scientific endeavors of the past few manipulated.Despite these concerns, some decades. It involves using advanced imaging researchers believe that brain uploading could techniques, such as magnetic resonance imaging have many practical applications. For example, (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET), it could enable individuals to upload their to create a detailed map of the brain's structure consciousness to a computer and continue to and function. This mapping has enabled live on in a virtual world after their physical researchers to identify the various regions of the body has died. It could also allow individuals brain that are responsible for specific functions, to transfer their consciousness to a new body, such as perception, memory, and emotion. potentially extending their lifespan One of the most significant benefits of brain indefinitely. mapping has been its potential to aid in the diagnosis and treatment of neurological disorders 3 CONCLUSION such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Brain mapping and brain uploading are two and multiple sclerosis. By identifying the regions fascinating concepts that have the potential to of the brain that are affected by these disorders, revolutionize our understanding of the brain doctors can develop more effective treatments and and our experience of consciousness. While medications. Another fascinating concept that has brain mapping has already led to many emerged from brain mapping research is the idea practical applications in the diagnosis and of brain-machine interfaces (BMIs). BMIs involve treatment of neurological disorders, the using brain activity to control devices such as concept of brain uploading remains largely prosthetic limbs or computers. Researchers are hypothetical. However, as technology currently exploring the potential of BMIs to assist continues to advance, it is possible that we may individuals with paralysis or other physical one day see brain uploading become a reality, disabilities. While brain mapping has been a with all the potential benefits and risks that crucial area of research, the concept of brain this entails. uploading has generated significant interest and debate in recent years. Brain uploading is the idea of transferring an individual's consciousness or mind to a digital platform or computer. This hypothetical technology would involve scanning the brain and creating a digital replica of its structure and function. Shravani Deshmukh BE E&TC-A 26
Molecular Manufacturing and self-replicating systems 1 INTRODUCTION Molecular manufacturing and self-replicating Developing the necessary technology to build systems are two emerging technologies that have and control machines at the molecular or the potential to transform numerous industries. nanoscale level requires significant advances Molecular manufacturing is the ability to build in nanotechnology, robotics, and artificial complex structures, including machines, using intelligence. The safety and controllability of individual molecules as building blocks. Self- self-replicating machines must also be replicating systems, on the other hand, can make ensured, as they could cause significant copies of themselves using materials and energy damage to the environment or threaten human from their environment.The concept of molecular life if they were to get out of control. manufacturing has been around for decades, but it Furthermore, concerns about the potential gained prominence in the 1986 book \"Engines of misuse of these technologies for nefarious Creation\" by Eric Drexler. Molecular purposes exist. Self-replicating machines manufacturing involves manipulating atoms and could be used to create weapons of mass molecules using advanced techniques such as destruction or engage in espionage and nanoscale robotics and molecular assembly lines. sabotage. It is imperative to address these The technology could revolutionize medicine by risks to ensure the responsible deployment of creating custom-designed drugs that target these specific cells or tissues in the body. It could also improve energy production by building highly 3 CONCLUSION efficient solar cells and other energy harvesting devices at the molecular level. In conclusion, molecular manufacturing and self-replicating systems have the potential to 2 THE BODY change the world, but their deployment must be accompanied by responsible measures to Self-replicating systems are machines or devices mitigate the risks. Advances in that can make copies of themselves using nanotechnology, robotics, and artificial materials and energy from their environment. intelligence are necessary to develop the They would gather raw materials and energy from technology, and safety measures must be put in their surroundings, process them into necessary place to prevent their misuse. If used components, and assemble copies of themselves. correctly, these technologies could be a Self-replicating machines could operate in significant boon to numerous industries, environments inhospitable to humans, such as making the impossible possible. exploring other planets or mining resources in hazardous locations on Earth. Additionally, self- replicating machines could dramatically reduce the cost of manufacturing complex products like electronics or automobiles.While molecular manufacturing and self-replicating systems offer numerous benefits, several challenges and risks must be addressed before their deployment. Viraj Raghuvansh TE E&TC-B 13
Nanosatellites and Space Exploration 1 INTRODUCTION The field of space exploration has Earth Observation: Nano satellites can undergone a significant transformation in be used to study the Earth's atmosphere, recent years, with new technologies weather patterns, and other phenomena. emerging that enable scientists and For example, NASA's Cyclone Global engineers to study the cosmos in ways that Navigation Satellite System (CYGNSS) were once considered impossible. One of mission uses a constellation of eight the most promising of these new nano satellites to study the formation technologies is the nanosatellite, or and intensity of tropical storms and CubeSat, which is revolutionizing the way hurricanes we approach space exploration. In this Interplanetary Missions: Nano satellites advanced article, we will explore the can be used for interplanetary missions, concept of nano satellites and their as demonstrated by NASA's MarCO potential for space exploration. Nano mission. These missions can gather satellites are small, low-cost satellites that valuable data about other planets and typically measure just a few centimeters on moons in our solar system, such as each side and weigh only a few kilograms. atmospheric conditions and surface Despite their small size, these satellites are features. capable of conducting a wide range of Search for Extra-terrestrial Life: Nano scientific experiments and observations, satellites can be used to search for signs making them an attractive option for both of microbial life on other planets or government and commercial space moons in our solar system. By deploying programs. They are often used in swarms of tiny satellites, scientists can constellations, with many small satellites explore a wide range of environments launched at once, to cover a wide area of and collect data that could help space and gather more data. determine whether life exists beyond Earth. 2 THE BODY Space Exploration Support: Nano satellites The development of nano satellites was can be used to provide support for other driven by a need for more affordable and space exploration missions. For example, flexible spacecraft. Traditional satellites they can be used for communications, are often large, complex, and expensive, navigation, and reconnaissance.Nano making them difficult to design, build, and satellites have some potential, but they also launch. Nano satellites, on the other hand, have certain difficulties. They are more are relatively simple and quick to build, susceptible to radiation and space debris with standardized components that can be damage since they are light and tiny. The mass-produced. They are also much quantity of data they can gather and send cheaper to launch, allowing for more back to Earth may be constrained by their frequent missions and a greater variety of limited power and communication scientific experiments. Nano satellites have capabilities. Also, there may be safety and numerous potential applications in space environmental issues associated with nano exploration. Here are some of the most satellite launches and operations due to a promising: lack of rules.
3 CONCLUSION Nano satellites could completely alter how we go about space exploration. They are a desirable alternative for a variety of scientific missions because of their affordability, adaptability, and capacity to work in huge constellations. We may anticipate much more creative applications for these tiny satellites in the years to come as technology advances. To fully achieve the promise of micro satellites for space exploration, it is crucial to continue addressing issues with safety and the environment. Soniya Kadam BE E&TC-A 67
Nanosatellites and Space Exploration 1 INTRODUCTION In recent years, the field of space Another benefit of nanosatellites is their exploration has undergone a revolution potential for use in deep space exploration. thanks to the development of In recent years, NASA has launched several nanosatellites. These small, inexpensive CubeSats to explore Mars and other planets. satellites have opened a range of new These CubeSats have been used to study the possibilities for exploring the cosmos, from atmosphere, take photographs of the monitoring weather patterns to tracking surface, and test new technology. As wildlife migration. In this article, we will technology continues to advance, it is likely explore the growing role of nanosatellites that nanosatellites will play an increasingly in space exploration. important role in exploring the outer reaches of our solar system. 2 THE BODY 3 CONCLUSION However, there are also challenges Nanosatellites, also known as CubeSats, are associated with nanosatellites, such as their small satellites that weigh less limited capabilities and shorter lifespan than10kilograms and are typically only a compared to larger satellites. Nonetheless, few cubic cm in size. They are designed to their potential for space exploration and be low- cost, easy to launch, and often used scientific research makes them a promising for scientific research, technology area of development for the space industry. demonstrations, and educational purposes. Because they are so small, they can be Aryan Singh launched alongside larger payloads, TE E&TC-B 34 reducing the cost of launching them into orbit. One of the primary benefits of nanosatellites is their ability to collect data quickly and efficiently from space. Because they are so small and lightweight, they can be built and launched much faster than traditional satellites and can be used for a wide range of scientific applications. For example, nanosatellites can be used to study the Earth's atmosphere, monitor weather patterns, and track changes in the environment.In addition to their scientific applications, nanosatellites are also used commercially. For example, companies like Planet and Spire Global use nanosatellites to provide high-resolution satellite imagery and weather data to customers worldwide. These companies are able to offer their services at a lower cost than traditional satellite providers, making them an attractive option for customers who need access to this data.
FACULTY ARTICLES
Nanosatellites and Space Exploration 1 INTRODUCTION Miniature man-made spacecraft known as The market is segmented into sun- microsatellites and nanosatellites are used in orbit synchronous, polar, and non-polar inclined for a number of reasons, including obtaining orbits. The market is examined in terms of its information about the earth and space. The impact on North America, Europe, Asia- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Pacific, and LAMEA. AAC Clyde Space AB, (NASA) classifies these satellites based on their Astro Digital, Gomspace, L3Harris total mass. Microsatellites weigh between 11 and Technologies, Inc., Lockheed Martin 100 kg, while nanosatellites are man-made Corporation, Planet Labs, Sierra Nevada satellites weighing between 1 kg to 10 kg. Also Corporation, Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd., known to as CubeSats are nanosatellites with the Swarm Technologies Inc., and Tyvak Nano- standard \"U\" or Units of 10 X 10 X 10 dimensions. Satellite Systems, Inc. have been key players in Microsatellites and nanosatellites are used for a the global nanosatellite and microsatellite variety of reasons, including commercial, market. The market for nano- and micro- communication, and space research, and are less satellites was valued at $2.23 billion in 2020 expensive than regular satellites. Due to their and is anticipated to grow at a CAGR of 14.9% shorter development times, lighter weight, to $8.69 billion in 2030. All nano- and micro- superior ability to do complicated computer tasks, satellites conserve a lot of resources. Small and lower launch costs, these satellites are in size and weight satellites have seen an increase higher demand. Several major companies, in popularity since their beginnings as a result including GomSpace, Planet Labs, and Sierra of this helping to remove barriers to reaching Nevada Corporation, regularly launch and exploring space. Additionally, based on constellations of micro- and nanosatellites to offer the needs, a small satellite (microsatellite or a wide array of satellite-based services. nanosatellite) may be created and sent into orbit for less money than a traditional 2 THE BODY satellite. The main benefit of small satellites, aside from their benefits in terms of weight The market for nanosatellites and microsatellites is and size, is the speed with which they may be anticipated to develop as a result of factors developed. A nanosatellite may be created and including CubeSats' increased production and launched in the appropriate orbit in less than launch rates as well as their smaller size and weight 8 months, compared to the 5 to 15 years it when compared to conventional satellites. But the takes to develop and deploy a traditional or payload capacity restrictions of small satellites and large satellite in orbit. Microsatellites and onerous government regulations hamper business nanosatellites are frequently made for expansion. Additionally, it is anticipated that rising commercial, scientific, and commercial business demand for satellite data and for nano- purposes. Due to their lightweight qualities, and microsatellites would present profitable faster development cycles, high capability of growth prospects for market participants. carrying out complicated computer The market is divided based on end users, operations, and less expensive development applications, orbit types, and geographic regions. and launch expenses, these satellites have seen The market is segmented into civic, government, an increase in demand in recent years. For commercial, and military end users. It is divided instance, York Space Systems announced into communications, earth observation, space intentions to construct a sizable science, technology demonstration, and technology manufacturing facility in Denver, U.S., in May development based on the application. 2021, with the goal of doubling its present production capacity of tiny satellites.
The primary factor boosting the growth of the A nanosatellite nanosatellite and microsatellite market during the forecast period is the growing focus of satellite Dr. Shailendra manufacturers towards the creation of tiny Shastri spacecraft due to the decreased cost and development time. The CubeSat Design Specification (CSD), often known as the CubeSat standard, is the document that specifies CubeSats, a subset of nanosatellites. The dimensions of CubeSats are produced in units, or U, of 10 cm x 10 cm x 10 cm. They are typically constructed in formations of 1U/2U/3U/6U/12U or other sizes, and each unit typically weighs less than 1.33 kg. Due to the reduction in expenses involved with research and technical development, the production of small satellites in accordance with CubeSat specifications has been increasingly popular since it was first introduced. Additionally, a CubeSat can be built and placed in orbit based on the specifications, which contributes just a minor amount to overall expenses as compared to conventional satellite missions. These advantages of CubeSats are predicted to fuel the expansion of the global nanosatellite and microsatellite market throughout the course of the projection. Microsatellites and nanosatellites each have a unique set of restrictions. The payload capacity of tiny spacecraft restricts the range of missions that they may carry out. 3 CONCLUSION Nanosatellites and microsatellites are inexpensive alternatives to conventional satellites that are being deployed into orbit for use in both commercial and scientific research. Smaller satellites like nanosatellites and microsatellites can be manufactured more quickly and economically, avoiding the need for complicated systems and deployable structures.
CMOS Sensors for Nano satellites 1 INTRODUCTION Satellites having mass as low as 1kg-10kg are called CCDs are high capacitance devices, and during ‘Nano-satellites’. It is an artificial satellite finding readout all the capacitances are switched ON larger popularity due to its small size, light weight, at the same time, CCD image sensors usually and low cost. Nanosatellites are usually launched in consume lots of power. Most CCDs still need multiples and hence the launch is cheaper and clocking signals with relatively large smaller. They can also be piggyback launched, amplitudes of approximately 5 – 10 Volts. using excess capacity on larger launch vehicles. Multiple supply and bias voltages at non- Cost risk is too less in nano satellites, but Cost is standard values are often necessary, adding to not the only reason for the use of these satellites. system complexity and increased power Nano- satellites can accomplish missions that consumption. Thus, a camera with CCD sensor larger satellites are unsuitable for, such as: not only comprises of a CCD sensor but also Constellations for low data rate communications, off-chip signal processing, noise reduction and using formations to gather data from multiple readout circuits. Thus, although the generated points, In-orbit inspection of larger satellites, and noise is reduced by the off-chip noise experimenting with new, less space proven reduction circuit but the at the cost of increase technology. in the size and power requirement of the Nano-satellites, like almost all other satellites, need camera and hence cannot be used in nano earth stations and space stations to communicate satellite cameras.CMOS sensors use column with the locations on the ground in order to send amplifiers and row and column decoders to the data collected and to receive commands. Since adopt digital memory style readout. Thus, the size of such satellites is smaller, they have less overcoming the problem of CCD sensors and space for solar panels and thus less power is having less power consumption. Analog signal generated for the satellite to operate. Therefore, processing can be integrated onto the same size minimization and power conservation of the substrate. components used are essential parameters for any nano satellite 2 THE BODY Subsystems like cameras, can be of small and low power. Figure 1 shows a possible subsystem configuration onboard a nanosatellite and illustrates the integration of a camera into the satellite system. The most important component in the camera is the image sensor; its manufacturing technique is the same as that of integrated circuit and is mounted on silicon chip. When an image which is in the form of light falls on this sensor, the Block Diagram of a possible Nanosatellite light sensitive pixels in it sense the light levels and encode the level into electrical signal. Currently, there are two competing technologies of sensors: Charge-Coupled Devices (CCD) and Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) detectors.
Block diagram of interline transfer CCD sensor. Block diagram of CMOS image sensor Ms. Sonia Behra 3 CONCLUSION Ass. prof E&TC Thus, CMOS-sensors are the best option. This mainly comes from the fact that it can deliver at fast frame rates, wide dynamic range, high quantum efficiency. Also as compared to CCD the dynamic range is insignificant. Thus, CMOS image sensors will be the choice due to higher integration capability on single chip, lower power consumption, smaller area, and speed.
ALUMINI ARTICLES
Revolution of Drug Devlopment Using Data Analytics 1 INTRODUCTION Data analytics is revolutionizing drug development Enhancing drug discovery: Data analytics in the pharmaceutical industry by providing helps to enhance the drug discovery process by insights and enabling faster, more efficient, and analysing large datasets to identify patterns more cost-effective drug development processes. and relationships that may not have been From streamlining clinical trials and optimizing the apparent before, leading to new insights and drug discovery process to improving regulatory potential drug candidates. By prioritizing and approval and enabling personalized medicine, data prioritizing drug candidates, data analytics analytics is having a major impact on the way drugs also helps to focus resources on the most are developed and brought to market. In this blog, promising candidates, allowing companies to we’ll take a closer look at the role of data analytics more efficiently and effectively advance the in drug development and the impact it’s having on drug discovery process. the industry. Optimizing trial design: Data Improving regulatory approval: Data analytics analytics plays a crucial role in optimizing the plays a crucial role in improving regulatory design of clinical trials in the pharmaceutical approval in the pharmaceutical industry. By industry. providing a more complete understanding of a drug’s safety and efficacy, data analytics can 2 THE BODY help to streamline the regulatory process and ensure that only the safest and most effective Some of the specific ways in which data analytics drugs make it to market. Some specific ways in can be used to optimize clinical trial design which data analytics can improve regulatory include: approval include: 1. Identifying the most appropriate patient 1. Providing a more complete understanding population: By analysing data on patient of a drug’s safety profile: By analysing data on characteristics and past clinical trial results, adverse events and other safety concerns, researchers can identify the patient population researchers can better understand the most likely to benefit from the drug being tested. potential risks associated with a drug and This can help to ensure that the trial is well- address any concerns before submitting the powered and that the results are meaningful. drug for regulatory approval. 2. Determining the most effective trial design: Data 2. Demonstrating efficacy: Data analytics can analytics can help to identify the most appropriate help to demonstrate the effectiveness of a drug trial design based on factors such as the type of through the analysis of clinical trial results drug being tested, the patient population, and the and real-world data. This can be particularly endpoint being measured. important in demonstrating the value of a drug 3. Optimizing the sample size: Data analytics can be to payers and regulatory authorities. used to determine the optimal sample size for a 3. Streamlining the regulatory process: By clinical trial based on factors such as the expected providing a more complete understanding of a effect size and the level of statistical power desired. drug’s safety and efficacy, data analytics can 4. Identifying potential issues early: By analysing help to streamline the regulatory process and data during the trial, researchers can identify avoid delays or setbacks. potential issues such as adverse events or Overall, data analytics is playing a crucial role unexpected results early in the process. This can in improving regulatory approval in the help to avoid costly and time-consuming delays pharmaceutical industry, helping to ensure later on. that only the safest and most effective drugs make it to market.
Optimizing the pharmaceutical supply chain: Jatin Rai Data analytics can help to optimize the pharmaceutical supply chain by providing Visiosoft IT solutions insights and enabling data-driven decision- LLP making. Some specific ways in which data analytics can be used to optimize the pharmaceutical supply chain include: 1. Analyzing data on demand, supply, and pricing: By analzing data on the demand for different drugs, the supply of those drugs, and the prices at which they are being sold, pharmaceutical companies can optimize production and distribution to meet the needs of patients and reduce waste and costs. 2. Identifying bottlenecks and inefficiencies: Data analytics can help to identify bottlenecks and inefficiencies in the supply chain, allowing companies to take action to address these issues and improve overall efficiency. 3. Forecasting future demand: By analysing historical data and taking into account factors such as trends, seasonality, and market conditions, data analytics can help to forecast future demand for different drugs, allowing companies to plan production and distribution accordingly. 3 CONCLUSION In conclusion, data analytics is revolutionizing drug development in the pharmaceutical industry by providing insights and enabling faster, more efficient, and more cost-effective drug development processes. From streamlining clinical trials and optimizing the drug discovery process to improving regulatory approval and enabling personalized medicine, data analytics is having a major impact on the way drugs are developed and brought to market.
Myths that Everyone Believes About Word Press 1 INTRODUCTION WordPress is the most popular content It’s easy to understand because you’re management system in the world. It powers over browsing around the site and playing around 26% of all websites with over 250 million installs. with everything. You get the idea. And if you That’s an insane amount and it shows that Word don’t like the way the site looks, you can Press is a force to be reckoned with. Many of you change pretty much everything anyway, so the are familiar with Word Press, but there are a lot of argument is moot. myths about Word Press that the general public believes. 2 THE BODY This blog will explore 4 of the most common myths 3.WordPress is hard to use about Word Press. WordPress is incredibly easy to use, and it 1.Word Press is not for everyone. doesn’t have to be scary at all! Lots of huge companies are now using WordPress On the surface, you might think that this is including bloggers. WordPress is the most popular true. WordPress is a complex piece of blogging platform in the world. However, there are software. It comes with a ton of features, and several myths about the platform that many people it’s really easy to get lost in all of the options. believe and that can lead to a lot of frustration But Word Press actually has a very simple when using Word Press. These myths are often interface. WordPress is incredibly easy to use, perpetuated by people who are either unfamiliar and it doesn’t have to be scary at all! If you’re with Word Press or have an agenda against it. This not sure about how to use Word Press, take a blog takes a list of the most common myths about look at the videos in this guide. They’ll help Word Press and shows you why they aren’t true. you get started and will walk you through the More than 43.3% of all websites are powered by process of using Word Press from the very WordPress because it is the best CMS. It is easy to beginning. use and you can build any type of website with it. 2.WordPress is hard to set up. 4.WordPress is not secure WordPress actually has a very easy and simple It is secure enough to host the websites of the interface.Let’s start with the most common myth: New York Times, Wall Street Journal, and It’s hard to set up. It’s not. WordPress actually has BBC. a very easy and simple interface. The setup process WordPress is secure. It is secure enough to is fairly simple. If you want to add pages, go to the host some of the biggest and most visited sites Pages section, if you want to add a post, go to Posts, on the Internet. It is secure enough to host the if you want to add a new category, go to the websites of the United States Congress and the Categories section, if you want to add an image, go White House. to Media, etc.
It is secure enough to host the websites of the Jatin Rai New York Times, Wall Street Journal, and BBC. It is secure enough to host the websites of the Visiosoft IT solutions Australian Federal Police and the Australian LLP Broadcasting Corporation. It is secure enough to host the websites of the United States Marine Corps and NASA. So, what exactly does that mean for your blog? It means you can sleep easy at night knowing your site is safe. 3 CONCLUSION WordPress is doing just fine and is moving along nicely. It has decent market shares and a bigger community preparing WordPress for the future. However, it would be nice to see WordPress used to its fullest potential more and more.
INDUSTRY ARTICLES
Decoding Data Engineering 1 INTRODUCTION called E-T-L which an acronym for Extraction-Transformation-Load. Extraction is a process where data is being Data has always been an important asset extracted from a raw format and loaded into and plays a vital role to manipulate and a staging area. Data is sourced with the help influence key business decisions. It was of APIs from various sources like databases, until 2017 when most data engineering xml, mainframe, flat files, etc. projects in the tech industry failed as the Data in its raw format may be not accurate data infrastructure was not reliable enough and might have lot of test/corrupted data. to drive key business decisions. That is where Transformation comes in the Data engineering is more of a software process. Transformation take place in the engineering role which focusses on creating staging area where data is filtered and a data pipeline for continuous integration cleaned to be more accurate. More and continuous delivery process. Data attributes can be added as per business engineers’ picks raw data from various requirements in the transformation process sources such as flat files, excel files, cloud, and also splitting of a single attribute into and mainframe and then process it in a multiple attributes can be taken place in the valuable format. same process. This process as a whole transform the data for the best use case by 2 THE BODY making it suitable and useful for the business analysis purpose. Once transformation is done, the data needs Types of Systems: to be stores somewhere in an on premise In Data engineering space, there are two database or cloud from where end users can types of systems usually involved. make the best use of the available data and 1. OLTP – Online Transaction Processing. this last process is called as a load and It is real time system that captures and database is called as a Data warehouse. ETL stores data in an online system where all of Tools such Informatica, Talend,etc. are the INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE takes place widely used in the Tech industry. in the database. It does not store history but handles a large number of transaction. Data Warehouse is not like a traditional One of the use case is real-time updates on database. It is a single place where all of the website. 2. OLAP – Online Analytical Processing. It where all the work of a professional data engineer comes in. It processes a massive dataset containing the historical data. This system stores the data which can then be used for analysis. Data Engineers transforms the data by creating a data pipeline to transport data to the end users who are generally data scientist or other stakeholders responsible for taking company decisions. The entire process is
companies’ huge amount of data can be Prathmesh stored. Traditional databases may not be Tendulkar able to handle large volumes of data E&TC BATCH 2021 generated per day by companies business. Data Warehouse usually depends by integrating heterogeneous databases where 2 approaches viz. query driven or update driven are used. Snowflake has emerged as one of the best Cloud Based Data Warehouse in recent years. Being cloud based it works on `Pay-for-what-you-use` service which helps to reduce the overall cost. 3 CONCLUSION The development of the pipeline is a onetime process, however modifications are frequently made for maintenance purposes. Once Development is done, the data has to be tested and should pass various quality checks before made available to the end-user. The end-user then uses their business intelligence tools for various purposes to identify insights from the data and that is how the organization takes a step forward to become data driven and the corresponding teams can now take more meaningful decisions.
ARTIFICAL INTELLIGENCE DRIVEN AUTOMATION in Software Testing 1 INTRODUCTION The most recent development in quality For instance, the test can miss a button whose assurance is the use of artificial intelligence colour has changed or UI elements that are (AI) in test automation. The \"everything's overlapping. Despite the fact that automation has better with AI\" issue appears to have greatly enhanced the process, coding tests still spread to testing in general and test require a complicated setup, regular upkeep, and automation. Perhaps it was inevitable that a group of human testers to check and fix. The AI would somehow make its way into test number of tests that may be run is likewise automation since AI, machine learning, and limited, and when cross-browser testing is neural networks are the hottest topics right required, this number is significantly lower. now. As technology advances, we are In its current form, AI technology mostly consists increasingly observing ways in which of training models with large-ish amounts of data testing procedures help hasten business using machine learning algorithms, and then using growth. For instance, businesses can the trained models to make predictions or produce perform higher-quality testing faster and desired results. This obviously oversimplified with less resources by combining robotic overview covers almost everything of AI. But from process automation (RPA), artificial our perspective, the crucial query is: Will AI intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), genuinely be able to support automatically and natural language programming (NLP). creating and updating test cases? detect bugs? In this article, I've compiled some of the increasing code coverage? We're currently in the specific advantages and drawbacks of these height of the AI hype cycle, so the answer to that recent advances. question is far from apparent. This interest has mostly been driven by a particular sub-field called 2 THE BODY deep learning.Typically, developers spend significant amounts of time authoring and To speed up the process, several maintaining unit tests, which is nowhere near as organizations are increasingly integrating much fun as writing application code. In this automation with manual testing. Teams can instance, AI-based products for automated unit complete test cycles more quickly by test creation can be useful, especially for those automating repetitive test cases, limiting organizations that plan to introduce unit tests late the manual to case definition, output in the product life cycle. Unit testing takes a lot of review, and final quality assurance (QA) work for developers to write and maintain, and overview. Test automation, however, it's not nearly as enjoyable as building application cannot simply be \"set and forget.\" Each test code. In this situation, AI-based tools for environment must be manually set up, automating the generation of unit tests may be which consumes a lot of resources right beneficial, especially for businesses that intend to away. Then, if the tests run across dynamic implement unit tests after the product life cycle or anomalous data, issues could arise that has already begun.Additionally, AI test systems call for human intervention. So, the time use exploratory testing to find bugs or variations required to identify and address issues that in the application UI and generate screenshots for develop can negate the speed gains of later verification by a QA engineer. automation.There are additional difficulties when utilizing a coded automation approach to test User Interfaces (UIs).
Similarly, the visual aspects of the System Under For any modern application, the Test (SUT) such as layout, size, and color can be number of platforms, app versions, and verified. browser versions is large. It is not clear Even without AI, automating API testing is a how well AI-based UI automation non-trivial task since it involves understanding performs under these conditions. the API and then setting up tests for a multitude of scenarios to ensure depth and breadth of 3 CONCLUSION coverage. Current API test automation tools, like Tricentis and SoapUI, record API activities and traffic to Test automation, as well as testing tools and analyze and create tests. However, modifying methodologies in general, have been and updating tests require testers to delve into significantly impacted by artificial the minutiae of REST calls and parameters, and intelligence. A review of the present AI- then update the API test suite. promising tools reveals that, despite the AI-based API automation testing tools attempt to addition of many new features, some of mitigate this problem by examining traffic and those functions are still developing. In a identifying patterns and connections between time of unprecedented strain on businesses API calls, effectively grouping them by scenario. brought on by growing inflation, rising Tools also use existing tests to learn about business costs, and a tight labour market, relationships between APIs, use these to AI-driven test automation presents a golden understand changes in APIs, and update existing chance to deploy products more quickly and tests or create new scenario-based tests. with higher quality. Businesses may deploy Benefits: more quickly and be first to market by increasing their capacity to test and create AI-based automated unit tests are a new products. This is especially significant step ahead of template-based advantageous for small businesses who lack automated unit test generation using static or the financial wherewithal to recruit dynamic analysis. The tests so generated are substantial testing teams. Any corporation actual code, not just stubs. may access incomparable commercial value AI-based unit tests can be generated very and gain a competitive edge through AI- quickly, which is useful for a large existing driven automation. codebase. Developers just need to modify tests and can set up the unit regression suite relatively quickly. Atul Tiwari Automated UI testing can lead to increased E&TC BATCH 2021 code coverage. Minor deviations in the UI do not cause the test suite to fail. Product AI models can handle these. Limitations In general, API testing is difficult to set up, and not many tools offer machine learning based capabilities in this space. The ones that do seem to have pretty rudimentary capabilities.
PARENTS ARTICLES
Molecular Manufacturing and Self-Replicating Systems 1 INTRODUCTION technology, particularly in the form of self- replicating systems. To understand the potential of molecular manufacturing, it's Molecular manufacturing is a type of important to understand the current state of manufacturing technology that involves manufacturing. Most manufacturing today building structures or machines atom by involves assembling components or atom. It uses extremely precise tools to materials into a final product. This process manipulate individual atoms and is limited by the availability of the materials molecules, allowing for the creation of and the precision of the manufacturing complex structures with unprecedented equipment. Molecular manufacturing, on precision.Self-replicating systems are the other hand, would allow for the creation machines that are capable of creating of precise structures atom by atom, allowing copies of themselves without human for the creation of products with intervention. These machines use a unprecedented precision and complexity. combination of materials and programming One of the most exciting applications of to build new machines that are identical to molecular manufacturing is in the field of the original. medicine. With this technology, it would be possible to create custom-made medical 2 THE BODY devices or even entire organs with precise specifications. This could revolutionize the field of organ transplantation, which is In layman's terms, molecular currently limited by the availability of donor manufacturing is like building something organs. Another potential application of out of individual building blocks, but at a molecular manufacturing is in the field of tiny scale where each block is an individual electronics. With this technology, it would atom or molecule. Self-replicating systems be possible to create extremely small and are like machines that can create copies of powerful devices, with components that are themselves, just like how living organisms just a few atoms wide. This could lead to the can reproduce. However, this technology development of entirely new types of also poses potential risks if not regulated electronics, such as ultra-efficient solar cells properly, such as the creation of machines or incredibly powerful computers. that could cause harm if they replicate However, as with any new technology, there uncontrollably or evolve unpredictably. are also potential risks associated with As a parent with a technical background, I molecular manufacturing. One of the biggest understand the importance of educating risks is the potential for self-replicating ourselves and our children on emerging systems. Self-replicating systems are technologies. One such technology that has machines that are capable of creating copies the potential to revolutionize of themselves without human intervention. manufacturing is molecular manufacturing, While this may sound like science fiction, it which involves building complex structures is a very real possibility with molecular atom by atom. While this technology is still manufacturing. in the experimental phase, it has the potential to transform a wide range of industries, from medicine to electronics. However, with great potential comes great responsibility, and we must also educate ourselves and our children on the potential risks associated with this
The idea of self-replicating systems is not 3 CONCLUSION new. In fact, it has been explored in science fiction for many years. However, with the development of molecular manufacturing, It's also important that we educate the possibility of self-replicating systems ourselves and our children on the has become much more real. This is ethical implications of this technology. because molecular manufacturing would As with any new technology, molecular allow for the creation of extremely small manufacturing and self-replicating and precise machines that could potentially systems raise important ethical self-replicate. questions. For example, who will be While self-replicating systems have the responsible for regulating this potential to be incredibly useful, they also technology? come with significant risks. One of the biggest risks is the potential for runaway Mahendra Arjun vaja self-replication. This occurs when a self- Associate consultant replicating system creates copies of itself at an exponential rate, eventually leading to TCS the production of a large number of machines that could potentially cause harm. Another potential risk is the ability of self- replicating systems to evolve. Just like biological organisms, self-replicating systems could potentially evolve over time, leading to the creation of machines with unexpected properties or behaviors. This could potentially lead to the creation of machines that are harmful to humans or the environment. As parents with a technical background, it's important that we educate ourselves and our children on the potential risks associated with molecular manufacturing and self-replicating systems. This education should begin with a basic understanding of the technology itself, as well as the potential applications and risks.
Event Details Sr No. Name committee 1 Photography Competition IEEE – TCET Core Committee 2 Webinar on Data Analytics IEEE – TCET Core Committee 3 Workshop on Figma IEEE – TCET Core Committee 4 Pre Conference Workshop IEEE – TCET Core on Artificial Intelligence and Committee Machine Learning 5 Webinar on Metastructure IEEE – TCET Core based Antenna Committee 6 Social media campaign RC-TCET 7 Techworld RC-TCET 8 Official club visit RC-TCET 9 Seminar on Start Up RC-TCET Ventures + Shark Tank 10 Ethical hacking RC-TCET 11 Milk packets collection 4.0 RC-TCET 12 World Rotaract day RC-TCET 13 Glorification of women's RC-TCET unpaid work
Event Details Sr No. Name committee 14 Seminar on creative RC-TCET writing 15 Milk Packets collection RC-TCET 16 General Body Meeting RC-TCET 17 Shukriya RC-TCET 18 Plastic parivartan RC-TCET 19 MATRABHASHA DIVAS TSDW 20 T-SPARK TSDW 21 ENERTIA TSDW 22 SOJOURN TSDW 23 HACKANOVA TSDW 24 WOMEN'S DAY TSDW 25 UIXURE TEAM TSDW 26 SPORTSTEAM TSDW
CORE COMMITTEE 7.2 CURATORS: CREATIVES: PUBLICATION RESEARCHERS: HEAD: Ananya Srivastava-Head Sohan Chhangani-Head Soniya Kadam-Head Manasi Sanghvi Nishith Thakur Aashvi Jain Siddhant Baliga Aditi Shetti Aditya Prajapati Tapas Desai Aarti Shetti
Aknowledgement We take immense pleasure in presenting before you, Abhivarg 7.2. The magazine isn't just a drop in the ocean, it's another milestone for the years down the lane and years to come. We rest assured that we have strived to maintain the dignity and the pride of the magazine. We would like to place on record our gratitude to the Chairman, Trustees, and CEOs of the Thakur Educational Group. We profusely thank our principal, Dr. B.K. Mishra, our vice principal, Dr. Kamal Shah and Dean (SSW), and Dr. Lochan Jolly for their constant support and encouragement.We take this opportunity to express our gratitude towards everyone associated with the magazine's publication. We are grateful to all our esteemed professors, especially our Faculty Incharge, Mrs. Sukruti Kaulgud for her support and guidance. As the Abhivarg magazine passes yet another edition, a heart- warming thanks to all the people who bestowed us with their support, many authors who gave way to this magazine by yielding their magnificent research work and the roof of it all, our readers for their ceaseless support. -Team ABHIVARG
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