principles of teaching english

Unit-3 Methods and Approachs Principles of teaching English

Meaning The term principle has been adopted from the Latin word principles, which means the beginning or the end of all things.

INTRODUCTION: A teaching method comprises the principles and methods used by teachers to enable student learning. These strategies are determined partly on subject matter to be taught and partly by the nature of the learner. For a particular teaching method to be appropriate and efficient it has to be in relation the characteristic of the learner and the type of learning it is supposed to bring about.

Principles: 1.know your learners: Teachers learn basic information about their students' families,languages, cultures, and educational backgrounds to engage them in the classrooms and prepare and deliver lessons more effectively.

2.START WHERE THE CHILD IS Depending on the level of metacognitive awareness, young learners may not be aware of language as a system: neither, for that matter, for are all adults. Therefore, topics are used in the English language classroom to carry and contextualise the target language. These topics should be meaningful involving and interesting for learners, within their experience of life and conceptually accessible.

3. ENCOURAGE SOCIAL INTERACTION Learning is an interactive process.piaget, with reference to general development, holds that the quality and quantity of social interaction a child receives can markedly affect the rate of development. Vygotsky's zone of proximal development emphasises the quality of interaction under adult quidance or in collaboration with more capable peers.

4.create conditions for language learning Teachers create a classroom culture that will ensure that students feel comfortable in the class. The make decisions regarding the physical environment the materials, and the social integration of students to promote language learning.

5.Design high quality language learners Teachers plan meaningful lessons that promote language learning and help students develop learning strategies and critical thinking skills. These lessons evolve from the learning objectives.

6.Support negotiation of meaning and collaborative talk Meaning is neither constant nor is it faced. It is renegotiated constantly by all of us in our dealings with each other. Within CLT, the use of authentic, real - life (type) tasks in which learners exchange ideas and work together to solve probleme and arrive at agreed outcomes gives scope for collaborative talk and negotiation of meaning.Clearly,all learners need to be working with ideas and opinions.

7.Help learners to become more independent and autonomous It is natural for young learners to be dependent on their teachers.However, if learners are to become active participants in the learning process, it is important that activities are designed and sequenced to support and foster growing independence.

8.Test and assess in the way that one teaches It is essential that the ways in which learners are tested and assessed in the classroom mirrors and complements these. Sadly, this is not always the case, testing and assessment processes and procedures often being excluded when teaching programmes are developed and reviewed.

9.Adapt lesson delivery as needed Teachers continually assess as they teach—observing and reflecting on learners’ responses to determine whether the students are reaching the learning objectives. If students struggle or are not challenged enough, teachers consider the possible reasons and adjust their lessons.

10.Monitor and assess student language development Language learners learn at different rates, so teachers regularly monitor and assess their language development in order to advance their learning efficiently. Teachers also gather data to measure student language growth.

Conclusion Different methods may be appropriate to different contexts. The main purpose of any classroom teaching in English is to improve the communicative abilities of the learners. listening refers to a complese cognitive process that allows a person to understand spoken language. Teachers have a critical role in assisting learners to engage their understanding and building on learners' understandings.