["C\u1ed8I NGU\u1ed2N V\u00c0 B\u1ea2N S\u1eaeC V\u0102N H\u00d3A D\u00c2N T\u1ed8C VI\u1ec6T NAM TRONG QU\u00c1 TR\u00ccNH PH\u00c1T TRI\u1ec2N^^) N\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn v\u0103n h\u00f3a Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \\\"Con R\u1ed3ng, ch\u00e1u Ti\u00ean\\\". D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ta t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o v\u1ec1 truy\u1ec1n th u y \u1ebft v \u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u00f3. C\u00f3 d\u00f2ng gi\u1ed1ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u1eb9p l\u1ed9ng l\u1eaby, th\u00f9y m\u1ecb th\u1ee7y chung nh\u01b0 Qu\u1ed1c m \u1eabu \u00c2u C\u01a1, uy nghi, h\u00f9ng tr\u00e1ng, h\u00e0o ki\u1ec7t, bao dung nh\u01b0 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u1ee5 L\u1ea1c Long Qu\u00e2n. \u00c2u C\u01a1 l\u00e0 Ti\u00ean, L\u1ea1c Long Qu\u00e2n l\u00e0 R\u1ed3ng - l\u00fac \u1ea9n l\u00fac hi\u1ec7n, l\u00fac l\u00ean n\u00fai cao, l\u00fac xu\u00f4ng bi\u1ec3n xanh, bi\u1ebfn h\u00f3a kh\u00f4n l\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00f4ng ch\u1ebft c\u00f3 nhau. Truy\u1ec1n th u y \u1ebft \u0111\u00f3 ghi l\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng m i\u1ec7ng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi V \u0103n Lang ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 ch\u1eef v i\u1ebft v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi sau b\u1eb1ng k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u. K\u00fd hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd n h \u1ea5t c\u00f2n ghi l\u1ea1i trong s\u00e1ch v\u1edf - \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 H \u00e0 \u0110\u1ed3 - L\u1ea1c Th\u01b0. T rong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i xa x\u01b0a \u1ea5y, ng\u00e0y nay ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng vi\u00ean ng\u1ecdc (1) Tham lu\u1eadn h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o khoa h\u1ecdc do tr\u01b0\u1eddng Cao \u0111\u1eb3ng V\u0103n h\u00f3a Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 Trung t\u00e1m Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc - Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i TP. H\u1ed5 Ch\u00ed Minh t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ng\u00e0y 16\/9\/1998. 151","C\u1ed8I NGU\u1ed2N V\u00c0 B\u1ea2N S\u1eaeC V\u0102N H\u00d3A D\u00c2N T\u1ed8C VI\u1ec6T NAM qu\u00fd l\u1ea5p l\u00e1n h h\u01a1n kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng - kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec s\u00e1n h n\u1ed5i v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u1ed9i ngu\u1ed3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c V i\u1ec7t Nam. \u01a1 \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1i t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u00f3a, m \u1ed9t t\u1ea7m v\u00f3c l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u00f3a, ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Mu\u00f4n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u0103n h\u00f3a Vi\u1ec7t Nam, mu\u1ed1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a Vi\u1ec7t Nam, mu\u00f4n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a Vi\u1ec7t Nam, theo ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ngh\u0129, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u1ed9i ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 - \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 H \u00e0 \u0110\u1ed3 v\u00e0 L\u1ea1c Th\u01b0. T r\u1ea3i qua bao \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y H\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed3 - L\u1ea1c Th\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1ch v\u00ec qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 \u0111 \u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ta ch\u00ecm \u0111\u1eafm trong v\u00f2ng n\u00f4 l\u1ec7, ngo\u1ea1i bang v\u01a1 v \u00e9t v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00f3a t \u1ea5 t c\u1ea3. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng n\u00f3i l\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n nay v\u1eabn gi\u1eabm \u0111\u1ea1p l\u00ean nh\u1eefng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu t\u00ecm v\u1ec1 c\u1ed9i ngu\u1ed3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, th \u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n gieo r\u1eafc nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng th \u1ea7n b\u00ed, m\u00ea t\u00edn, xa l\u1ea1 v\u1edbi truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1edbi m\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u0111 \u1eb7t l\u1ea1i v\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Nguy\u1ec5n H\u1eefu T h\u1eadn (\u0111\u1eddi nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n), Phan S\u00e0o Nam , L\u00ea V\u0103n Si\u00eau trong cu\u00f4^n \\\"N\u1ec1n v\u0103n m inh Vi\u1ec7t Nam\\\" \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn. 152","C\u1ed8I NGU\u1ed2N V\u00c0 B\u1ea2N S\u1eaeC V\u00c0N H\u00d3A D\u00c0N T\u1ed8C VI\u1ec6T NAM Kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1 t v\u1ec1 H\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed3 - L\u1ea1c Th\u01b0 th\u1ea5y l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u00f2n ghi l\u1ea1i \\\"\u0110\u1eddi vua Ph\u1ee5c Hy c\u00f3 con Long M\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean s\u00f4ng H\u00e0, nh\u00e0 vua b\u00e8n b\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc theo nh\u1eefng v\u0103n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ea1ch b \u00e1 t qu\u00e1i : g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 H\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed3. \u0110\u1eddi vua V\u0169 c\u00f3 con T h \u1ea7n Quy xu\u1ea5t h i\u1ec7n trong s\u00f4ng L\u1ea1c. N h \u00e2 n \u0111\u00f3 nh\u00e0 vua x\u1ebfp \u0111 \u1eb7 t th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m th \u00e0 n h H \u1ed3ng P h \u1ea1m g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 L\u1ea1c Th\u01b0. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Kh\u1ed5ng An Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 V\u01b0u H\u00e0m \u0111\u1eddi nh\u00e0 H \u00e1n. Cu\u00f4l \u0111\u1eddi \u0110\u00f4ng H \u00e1n, T r\u1ecbn h Huy\u1ec1n l\u1ea1i n\u00f3i : H\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed3 c\u00f3 ch\u00edn thi\u00ean, L\u1ea1c Th\u01b0 c\u00f3 s\u00e1u th i\u00ean , kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi h\u1ecd Kh\u1ed5ng. \u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi nh \u00e0 T\u00f4ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i r\u1eb1n g H\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed3 l\u00e0 ng\u0169 h \u00e0n h trong thi\u00ean H\u1ed3ng Ph\u1ea1m. H \u00e0 \u0110\u1ed3 - L\u1ea1c Th\u01b0 l\u00e0 s\u1ea3 n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ed1 \u0110\u00f4ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a m \u1ed9t th \u1ecb t\u1ed9c hay m \u1ed9t b\u1ed9 l\u1ea1c \u1edf v\u00f9ng s\u00f4ng Ho\u00e0ng H\u00e0 L\u1ea1c Th\u1ee7y ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a. Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn Ph\u1ee5c Hy v\u1ea1ch ra b \u00e1 t qu\u00e1i^^^ H \u1ea1 V\u0169 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1eedu tr\u00f9^^^ nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th \u1ec3 n\u00e0o ch\u1ea5p n h \u1ead n n\u00f3i r\u1eb1n g H\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed3 xu\u1ea5t h i\u1ec7n tr\u00ea n ( 1 ) B\u00e1t qu\u00e1i : T\u00e1m qu\u1ebb (C\u00e0n, Kh\u1ea3m, c\u1ea5 n , Ch\u1ea5n, T\u1ed1n, Ly, Kh\u00f4n, \u0110o\u00e0i). (2) C\u1eedu Tr\u00f9 (H\u1ed3ng Ph\u1ea1m) Ch\u00edn ph\u00e9p l\u1edbn bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 l\u1eabn nh\u00e2n sinh quan (Ng\u0169 H\u00e0nh, Ng\u0169 S\u1ef1, B\u00e1t Ch\u00ednh, Ng\u0169 K\u1ef3, Ho\u00e0ng L\u1ef1c, Tam \u0110\u1ee9c, K\u00ea Nghi, Th\u1ee9 Trung, Ng\u0169 Ph\u00fac). 153","C\u1ed8I NGU\u1ed2N V\u00c0 B\u1ea2N S\u1eaeC V\u0102N H\u00d3A D\u00c0N T\u1ed8C VI\u1ec6T NAM Long M\u00e3 v\u00e0 L\u1ea1c Th\u01b0 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi T h\u1ea7n Quy. \u0110i\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th \u1ec3 k h \u1eb3n g \u0111\u1ecbnh H\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed3 - L\u1ea1c Th\u01b0 c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u1ee5c Hy m\u1edbi kh\u1ecfi b\u1ed9i l\u00fd, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n tinh th \u1ea7 n khoa h\u1ecdc. B \u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111o ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 c\u00e1 chon c\u1ed5 n h \u00e2n h\u1ecdc, kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u qu\u00f4\\\"c t\u1ebf k h \u1eb3n g \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c c\u1ed5 v \u1ead t m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf v\u00f9ng An Khu nay l\u00e0 huy\u1ec7n An D\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u1ec9n h H\u1ed3 Nam k inh \u0111\u00f4 c\u0169 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi nh\u00e0 \u00c2n (1384 - tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean) cho th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 r \u1ea5 t nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ed5 v \u1ead t c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft B\u00e1ch V i\u1ec7t (ng\u01b0\u1eddi V i\u1ec7t c\u1ed5) nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed3 g\u00f4\\\"m h \u00ecn h Tr\u00e2u, Voi, T r\u0129, G\u1ea5u... \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 H\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed3 - L\u1ea1c Th\u01b0 l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n h\u00f3a kho\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1eaf t chuy\u1ec3n sang \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ed3ng, c\u00f2n v\u0103n t\u1ef1 s\u1edbm l\u1eafm c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i cu\u00f4\u00ec \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1edbi c\u00f3. V\u00ec th \u00e2m ngh\u0129a \u1ea3o di\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a H\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed3 - L\u1ea1c Th\u01b0 n\u00ean t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y sang \u0111\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 th \u1ea7n b\u00ed h\u00f3a thuy\u1ebft H \u00e0 \u0110\u1ed3 xu\u1ea5t h i\u1ec7n v\u1edfi Long M\u00e3, L\u1ea1c Th\u01b0 xu\u1ea5t h i\u1ec7n v\u1edbi T h\u1ea7n Quy. T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 T\u1eeb Nguy\u00ean (Trung Qu\u00f4c) I' c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1eeba n h \u1ead n \\\"H\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed3 - L\u1ea1c Th\u01b0 v\u1eabn bao tr\u00f9m b\u00ed m \u1eadt v\u00e0 ho\u00e0i nghi\\\". N hi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c tran h lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a Nho gia \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra trong nhi\u1ec1u th \u1ebf k\u1ef7. Nhi\u1ec1u 154","C\u1ed8I NGU\u1ed2N V\u00c0 B\u1ea2N S\u1eaeC V\u0102N H\u00d3A D\u00c2N T\u1ed8C VI\u1ec6T NAM b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a \u0111em ra \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng m inh xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \\\"qu\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea3n\\\" n\u00e0y. C h\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tham v\u1ecdng t\u00f3m g\u1ecdn n\u1ec1n tri\u1ebf t l\u00fd \u0110\u00f4ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee5 l\u00f2ng c\u00e1c b\u1eadc ti\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n khai s\u00e1ng, mong m\u1ecfi con ch\u00e1u mai sau l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf c\u1ed9i ngu\u1ed3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. N \u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a V\u0103n Lang k\u1ebft t\u1ee5 tinh hoa tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh minh tri\u1ebft L\u1ea1c H\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec3 khai h\u00f3a h\u1ed3n thi\u00eang s\u00f4ng n\u00fai. H\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed3 - L\u1ea1c Th\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ec3u l\u00fd ch\u00e2n truy\u1ec1n qua hai ti\u1ebf n g \\\"\u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o\\\". M\u1ed7i d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n v\u0103n m inh m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ebb t\u1eeb thu\u1edf s\u01a1 khai. Ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecn h v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c t\u1eeb th\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ed5 lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang c\u00f2n d\u00f9ng th \u1eaf t n\u00fat, \u0111\u1ee5c l\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ec3 ghi l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n nh\u1edb sau khi nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong th i\u00ea n nhi\u00ean, hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c \u00e2m d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea1o l\u00ean s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a v\u1ea1n v\u1eadt. S\u1ef1 bi\u1ec3u th \u1ecb l\u1ed7 tr\u1eafn g , ch\u1ea5m \u0111en \u1edf H\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed3 - L\u1ea1c Th\u01b0 nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u ghi l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng di ch\u00fac cho th \u1ebf h\u1ec7 mai sau. - Di ch\u00fac \u0111\u00e2u ti\u00ean - H \u00e0 \u0110\u1ed3 - L\u1ea1c Th\u01b0 c\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i con s\u00f4\\\" 100 (55 + 45). Con s\u00f4\\\" m \u1ed9t tr\u0103 m l\u00e0 100 tr\u1ee9ng 155","C\u1ed8I NGU\u1ed2N V\u00c0 B\u1ea2N S\u1eaeC V\u00c0N H\u00d3A D\u00c0N T\u1ed8C VI\u1ec6T NAM n\u1edf th \u00e0n h 100 con trai sau khi L\u1ea1c Long Qu\u00e2n s\u00e1nh duy\u00ean v\u1edbi \u00c2u C\u01a1. T\u1eeb xa x\u01b0a n h \u00e2 n d\u00e2n ta \u0111\u00e3 truy\u1ec1n mi\u1ec7ng c\u00e2u ca dao : \\\"Nhi\u1ec5u \u0111i\u00eau ph\u1ee7 l\u1ea5y gi\u00e1 g\u01b0\u01a1ng Ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u01a1ng nhau c\u00f9ng\\\". Ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u01a1ng y\u00eau nhau, hu\u00f4ng h\u1ed3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean c\u00f9ng chung d\u00f2ng m\u00e1u, c\u00f9ng trong b\u1ecdc tr\u1ee9ng sinh ra. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi V i\u1ec7t Nam n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng mu\u00f4\\\"n n\u00f3i \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m \u1ed9t l\u00f4d s\u00f4\\\"ng V i\u1ec7t Nam , \u0111\u1ea1o th\u1edd t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean, qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam. - Di ch\u00fac th\u1ee9 h a i: N\u01b0\u1edbc V \u0103n L ang h \u00ecn h th \u00e0 n h th\u1ed1ng n h \u1ea5 t 15 b\u1ed9 l\u1ea1c an h em. Theo L\u1ea1c Th\u01b0 n\u1ebfu c\u1ed9ng ngang, d\u1ecdc, xi\u00ean, ch\u00e9o c\u00f3 con s\u1ed1 15 (4 + 5 + 6; 9 + 5 + 1; 2 + 5 + 8...). Di ch\u00fac n\u00e0y n\u00f3i l\u00ean s\u1ee9c m \u1ea1nh \u0111o\u00e0n k \u1ebft th\u00f4ng n h\u1ea5t, t\u1ef1 tin v\u00e0o s\u1ee9c m \u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. V\u0103n Lang t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p n h \u1ea5 t \u0111\u00f3. - Di ch\u00fac th\u1ee9 ba : Qua L\u1ea1c Th\u01b0 n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta n\u1ed1\\\"! c\u00e1c con s\u00f4' ch\u1eb5n (2 -4 -6 -8 ) t\u1eeb nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1edbn s\u1ebd n h\u00ecn th \u1ea5y ch\u1eef s - h \u00ecn h T\u1ed5 qu\u00f4'c V i\u1ec7t N am nh\u01b0 m \u1ed9t l\u1eddi ti\u00ean tri. 156","C\u1ed8I NGU\u1ed6N V\u00c0 B\u1ea2N S\u1eaeC V\u0102N H\u00d3A D\u00c0N T\u1ed8C VI\u1ec6T NAM - Di ch\u00fac th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 : N\u00f3i l\u00ean ng\u1ea1n ng\u1eef : \\\"U\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1edb ngu\u1ed3n\\\". T h\u1eadt v\u1eady, kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ec5 k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m \u1ed9t c\u00e1ch k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 l\u1ec5 Qu\u1ed1c T\u1ed5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh theo lu\u1eadt bi\u1ebfn sinh c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. T h\u00e1ng 3 ng\u00e0y 10 gi\u1edd th in , l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y gi\u1ed7 T\u1ed5. N \u1ec1n v\u0103n m inh m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ebb c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc V\u0103n Lang thu\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m B\u1eafc V i\u1ec7t l\u1ea5y con s\u1ed1 cao n h \u1ea5 t c\u1ee7a H \u00e0 \u0110\u1ed3 l\u00e0 10 th \u00e1 n g 3 thu\u1ed9c th in l\u00e0 R\u1ed3ng. Trong n h \u00e2 n d\u00e2n c\u00f3 c\u00e2u : \\\"D\u1ee7 ai \u0111i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ea xu\u00f4i Nh\u1edb ng\u00e0y gi\u1ed7 T\u1ed5 m\u00f9ng 10 th\u00e1ng 3\\\". Ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng di ch\u00fac n\u00f3i tr\u00ean, c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u di ch\u00fac kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa. \u0110\u1ee9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed m \u00e0 x\u00e9t, ta th \u1ea5y h\u1ecd H\u1ed3ng B\u00e0ng t\u1eeb Kinh D\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00ean ng\u00f4i n\u0103m N h\u00e2m T u \u1ea5t (2785) cho \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i 18 chi H\u00f9ng V\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng tr\u1ecb v\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 263 n\u0103m . N\u1ebfu so ngang v\u1edbi T rung Qu\u00f4\\\"c th\u1eddi Ph\u1ee5c Hy th \u1ea7 n n\u00f4ng, H u\u1ef3nh \u0110\u1ebf (Tam Ho\u00e0ng) (2698 - 2558) th\u00ec th\u1eddi L\u1ea1c Long Qu\u00e2n sinh ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc k\u1ef3 Tam Ho\u00e0ng g\u1ea7n hai th \u1ebf k\u1ef7 (175 n\u0103m )(\u0129\\\\ (1) B\u00e1o Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 10522 ng\u00e0y 17\/4\/1993. 157","C\u1ed8I NGU\u1ed0N V\u00c0 B\u1ea2N S\u1eaeC V\u0102N H\u00d3A D\u00c2N T\u1ed8C VI\u1ec6T NAM Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 V i\u1ec7t Nam th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o th\u01b0 t\u1ecbch T rung Qu\u00f4\\\"c, v\u00e0o th\u1eddi P h \u00e1 p thu\u1ed9c, h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 \u00c2u ch\u00e2u c\u0169ng c\u00f3 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m g\u1ea7n gi\u00f4ng nhau, Vi\u1ec7t Nam nh\u01b0 m \u1ed9t qu\u1eadn (huy\u1ec7n) c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c. H i\u1ec7n nay, nh\u1edd c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u sinh v \u1eadt h\u1ecdc, ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, h \u1ea3i d\u01b0\u01a1ng, kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 \u1edf T rung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u00f4ng N am \u00c1 c\u00f3 th \u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p t\u00e0 i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c m inh l\u1ea1i c\u1ed9i ngu\u1ed3n kh\u1edfi nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam. N\u1ebfu nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 L\u1ea1c Th\u01b0 t\u1eeb th\u1eddi H \u00f9ng V\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u1ef1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc V\u0103n Lang th\u00ec Nam Chi\u1ebfn, T\u00e2y Th\u1ee5c, \u0110\u1ea1i L\u00fd ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a thu\u1ed9c Qu\u1ebf L\u00e2m - m \u1ed9t b\u1ed9 trong 15 b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc V \u0103n Lang. Trong ti\u1ec3u lu\u1eadn nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a m \u00ecnh, Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng \u0110i\u1ec7p n h \u1eadn x \u00e9 t : \\\"T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn nay nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi h \u00ecn h nh\u01b0 l\u1eb7ng l\u1ebd ch\u1ea5p th u \u1eadn m \u1ed9t s\u1ef1 v\u00f5 \u0111o\u00e1n t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e1m H \u00e1n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 Nho gia, kh\u00f4ng m \u1ed9t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng. N\u00f3i nh\u01b0 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n H \u00e3n v\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a H\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed3 - L\u1ea1c Th\u01b0 \\\"Qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a v\u00f4\\\"n \u00edt h\u1ecdc, th\u01b0\u1eddng hay m\u00ea t\u00edn, th\u00edch d\u1ecb \u0111oan. C\u00e1c vua ch\u00faa b i\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3 n\u00ean l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c huy\u1ec1n b\u00ed, k\u1ef3 d\u1ecb, l\u1ed3ng v\u00e0o h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, khi\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng 158","C\u1ed8I NGU\u1ed2N V\u00c0 B\u1ea2N S\u1eaeC V\u0102N H\u00d3A D\u00c2N T\u1ed8C VI\u1ec6T NAM vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd tr\u1edf n\u00ean thi\u00eang li\u00eang, m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m , t\u1ea5 t n h i\u00ean c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f4\u00ec v\u1edbi n h \u00e2 n d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 cai tr\u1ecb\\\". Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 T r\u1ea7n V\u0103n Gi\u00e0u th\u00ec nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh : \\\"D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c V \u0103n Lang l\u00e0 m \u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecbnh canh \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0, ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m \u1ed9t \\\"n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ea n y\u00ean ng\u1ef1a\\\" nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u1edf m i\u1ec1n T\u00e2y B\u1eafc c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u0110 \u1ecbnh canh \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 th \u00ec \u0111 \u1ea5 t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u k i\u1ec7n p h \u00e1 t tri\u1ec3 n r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1, d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th u \u1eadn l\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a\\\". * \u0129|\u0129 ^ T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u1ed9i ngu\u1ed3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc v\u0103n h\u00f3a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0. N h\u01b0 ai n\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u b i\u1ebft m\u1ed7i d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a ri\u00ean g v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 b \u1ea3n s\u1eafc v\u0103n h\u00f3a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. B \u1ea3n s\u1eafc v \u0103n h\u00f3a V i\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th \u1ec3 k h \u1eb3n g \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng d\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o m \u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \\\"T\u1ef1 h\u00e0o v\u1ec1 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1ed3ng n\u00e0n, \u00fd ch\u00ed b\u1ea5t khu\u1ea5t qu\u1eadt c\u01b0\u1eddng, tin h th\u1ea7n nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n cao c\u1ea3, t\u00ecnh ngh\u0129a nh\u00e2n h\u1eadu, th\u1ee7y chung, lu\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi Ch\u00e2n - Thi\u1ec7n - M\u1ef9\\\". * 159","I C\u1ed8I NGU\u1ed2N V\u00c0 B\u1ea2N S\u1eaeC V\u00c0N H\u00d3A D\u00c3N T\u1ed8C VI\u1ec6T NAM N\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp thu truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a, tr\u00ea n \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n th \u00e0 n h ph\u00f4\\\" H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed M inh t\u00f4i th \u1ea5 y c\u00f3 hai \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u00e1ng trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u00f4ng (sinh ho\u1ea1t) v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd khi b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n 1. \u1edf 94 Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u00e1i S\u01a1n, ph\u01b0\u1eddng 3, qu\u1eadn G\u00f2 V\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn ch\u00f9a tr\u1edf th \u00e0 n h \u0111\u00ecnh^^l \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Qu\u00f4\\\"c ph\u1ee5 L\u1ea1c Long Qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 Qu\u00f4\\\"c m \u1eabu \u00c2u C\u01a1, t\u01b0\u1ee3ng vua H\u00f9ng, t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed M inh \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i l\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch v\u1eafn t\u1eaf t t\u1eeb th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i H\u00f9ng V\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1edbi th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh. B \u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ai v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 hoang \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, th \u1ea7n b\u00ed trong s\u1eed t\u00edch m\u00e0 th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u kh\u01a1i d\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u00f3a, c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y ngay \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u1edbi, phong c\u00e1ch m\u1edbi, v\u00e0 quan ni\u1ec7m m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a trong t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m^^\\\\ (1) Ch\u00f9a tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0110\u00ecnh c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ed9i ph\u1ee5ng th\u1edd t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean, \u00f4ng b\u00e0. C\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y t\u1eeb ch\u1ed7 ph\u1ee5ng th\u1edd mang m\u00e0u s\u1eafc th\u1ea7n b\u00ed, m\u00ea tin sang th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd : \\\"U\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1edb ngu\u1ed3n theo truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c\\\". (2) Trong l\u1eddi c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n, L\u1ea1y M\u1eb9 vi\u1ebft Ch\u00fang con d\u00f9 ngh\u00e8o hay gi\u00e0u \u1edf qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng hay l\u01b0u l\u1ea1c tha ph\u01b0\u01a1ng qua t\u1eebng th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 v\u1eabn mang trong tim t\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a M\u1eb9. V\u00e0 t\u1ea1 \u01a1n Cha, v i\u1ebf t : C\u00e1c con mang tinh cha qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ed5n thi\u00eang s\u00f4ng n\u00fai cho n\u00f2i gi\u1ed1ng Ti\u00ean R\u1ed3ng. 160","C\u1ed8I NGU\u1ed2N V\u00c0 B\u1ea2N S\u1eaeC V\u0102N H\u00d3A D\u00c2N T\u1ed8C VI\u1ec6T NAM 2. \u0110 \u1ec1n B \u1ebfn D\u01b0\u1ee3c - C\u1ee7 Chi ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u1ee5 th \u1ec3 h\u00f3a \u1ec1 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \\\"Gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd trong ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng con s\u1ed1 k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a H \u00e0 \u0110\u1ed3 - L\u1ea1c Th\u01b0. T\u1ea5m bia cao 3m, th \u00e1p x\u00e2y 9 t\u1ea7ng, R\u1ed3ng ch\u1ea7u 4 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0110\u00f4ng - T\u00e2y - N am - B\u1eafc. Con s\u00f4 3 l\u00e0 con s\u00f4 huy\u1ec1n b\u00ed v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 V i\u1ec7t N am m\u1edbi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m m ang t\u00ednh d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 3 gian, ki\u1ec1ng 3 ch\u00e2n, 3 m i\u1ec1n B\u1eafc - Trung - Nam, \u0103n 3 \u0111\u1ecdi, n\u00f3i 3 l\u1eddi... Con s\u1ed1 9 l\u00e0 con s\u00f4\\\" cao n h \u1ea5 t c\u1ee7a L\u1ea1c Th\u01b0. Ta th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i 9 t\u1ea7 n g m\u00e2y. Con s\u00f4\\\" 9 ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 vua m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 con s\u00f4\\\" h \u00ean n\u00ean b\u00e2y gi\u1edd ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta v\u1eabn m\u00ea xe 9 n\u00fat, n\u01b0\u1edbc ta c\u00f3 s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long, c\u1eedu m \u1ec7nh (9 quan tr\u1ea1ch - chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean 9...). Hai h i\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3i l\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u0103n h\u00f3a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed n h \u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u0103n h\u00f3a trong \u0111\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c. V\u00e0 ta ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th \u1ec3 t\u00ecm th \u1ea5y nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3 trong ch\u00ea\\\" \u0111\u1ed9 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a, t\u00ecm th \u1ea5y \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u00f4\\\" c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a m\u1edbi, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng 161","C\u1ed8I NGU\u1ed2N V\u00c0 B\u1ea2N S\u1eaeC V\u0102N H\u00d3A D\u00c2N T\u1ed8C VI\u1ec6T NAM con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi, m \u1ed9t ki\u1ec3u m\u1edbi trong s\u1ef1 p h \u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111 \u1ea5 t n\u01b0\u1edbc. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, t\u00ecn h c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed M inh m\u1edbi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u k i\u1ec7n m ang l\u1ea1i cho \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc con R\u1ed3ng, ch\u00e1u Ti\u00ean l\u00f2ng k h \u00e1t v\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi V i\u1ec7t Nam. Tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 c\u1ed9i ngu\u1ed3n, nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean, c\u00e1c anh h\u00f9ng li\u1ec7 t s\u0129, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00f4\\\"c c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u00f3a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c trong d\u1ef1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th \u00e0n h c\u00f4ng m \u1ed9t l\u00f4l s\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi theo \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a. V\u00e0 c\u0169ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c s\u00f4'ng h\u1ed9i n h\u1eadp v\u1edbi th\u1eddi \u0111ai. 162","\u0110\u00d3N T\u1ebeT TR\u01afNG TH\u01af, NH\u1eda B\u00c1C H \u1ed3 V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y r\u1eb1m th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m \u00c2m l\u1ecbch, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta t\u1eeb x\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn nay \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0103n T\u1ebft g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u1ebft Trung thu (gi\u1eefa m\u00f9a thu). M\u00f9a thu l\u00e0 m\u00f9a r\u1ea5 t \u0111\u1eb9p tro n g n\u0103m , l\u1ea1i g\u1eb7p ng\u00e0y r\u1eb1m c\u00f3 tr\u0103 n g s\u00e1ng. C hu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb T \u1ebft T rung thu g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 b\u00e1nh d\u1ebbo, b\u00e1nh n\u01b0\u1edbng h \u00ecn h m \u1eb7 t tr\u0103n g , l\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e8n \u0111\u1ee7 m \u00e0u s\u1eafc, c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e8n c\u1ea7y th \u1eafp s\u00e1ng b\u00ean trong. Vui n h \u1ea5 t trong ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u00faa l\u00e2n \u1edf m i\u1ec1n Nam, m\u00faa s\u01b0 t\u1eed \u1edf m i\u1ec1n B\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e2m m\u1ed9 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ti\u1ebfn g tr\u00f4ng, ti\u1ebf n g ph\u00e8ng la inh \u1ecfi. Trung Thu \u0111\u1ebfn, t\u00f4i nh\u1edb T\u1ebft Trung thu n\u0103m x\u01b0a \u1edf qu\u00ea t\u00f4i : con tr\u1ebb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0103n b\u00e1nh, ch\u01a1i \u0111\u00e8n l\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e0u; c\u00f2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn tr\u1ea3i chi\u1ebfu gi\u1eefa s\u00e2n nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 u\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e8, h\u00fat thu\u00f4c, nhai tr\u1ea7u, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eb1m, k\u1ebb ng\u1ed3i nh\u00ecn tr\u0103n g v\u00e0 k\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec7n th\u1eb1ng Cu\u1ed9i. C\u00f2n b\u00e2y gi\u1edd, T \u1ebft Trung thu ch\u1eb3ng thi\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t th \u1ee9 g\u00ec; tr\u00e1 i l\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u00e1nh l\u00e0m ngon h\u01a1n, v\u1ec7 sin h h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1eb9p m \u1eaf t h\u01a1n, \u0111\u00e8n gi\u1ea5y c\u00f3 h \u00e0ng tr\u0103 m ki\u1ec3u xanh, \u0111\u1ecf, t\u00edm, v\u00e0ng. T\u1eeb th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00f4ng 163","C\u1ed8I NGU\u1ed2N V\u00c0 B\u1ea2N S\u1eaeC V\u0102N H\u00d3A D\u00c2N T\u1ed8C VI\u1ec6T NAM th \u00f4 n c\u00f3 m \u1ed9t v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p kh\u00e1c x\u01b0a trong ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c ch\u00e1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0103n m\u1eb7c l\u1ed9ng l\u1eaby, \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9ng, nh\u1ea3y m\u00faa nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng n\u00e0ng ti\u00ean tr\u00ean cung tr\u0103ng h \u00e1 t kh\u00fac Ngh\u00ea th\u01b0\u1eddng. M\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn T \u1ebft Trung thu l\u00e0m cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, n h \u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u00e1u thi\u1ebfu nhi, nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn B\u00e1c H\u1ed3 k\u00ednh y\u00eau v\u00ec Ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00f4ng th \u00e2n y\u00eau n h \u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u00e1u, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 khai sinh ra n\u01b0\u1edbc V i\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a. C\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00fang 55 n\u0103m, v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 19-5-1945 nh\u00e2n d\u1ecbp T \u1ebft Trung thu, B\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 ra h\u1ed3 Ho\u00e0n Ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3n T\u1ebft, tr\u00f4ng tr\u0103n g v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u00e1u th \u00e2n y\u00eau. C\u0169ng nh\u00e2n d\u1ecbp n\u00e0y, B\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi th\u01b0 cho c\u00e1c ch\u00e1u th \u00e2n y\u00eau trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong th\u01b0 B\u00e1c x\u01b0ng l\u00e0 B\u00e1c g\u1ecdi thi\u1ebfu nhi l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u00e1u. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y n\u01b0\u1edbc ta \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, n\u0103m n\u00e0o c\u0169ng v\u1eady, B\u00e1c g\u1eedi th\u01b0 v\u00e0 l\u00e0m th\u01a1 g\u1eedi cho c\u00e1c ch\u00e1u c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n nh\u1edb Trung Thu n\u0103m 1951, B\u00e1c vi\u1ebft : Trung Thu tr\u0103ng s\u00e1ng nh\u01b0 g\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u00e1c H\u00f4 ng\u1eafm c\u1ea3nh, nh\u1edb th\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi \u0111\u00f4ng Sau \u0111\u00e2y B\u00e1c vi\u1ebft m\u1ea5y d\u00f2ng G\u1eedi cho c\u00e1c ch\u00e1u t\u1ecf l\u00f2ng nh\u1edb th\u01b0\u01a1ng... 164","C\u1ed8I NGU\u1ed2N V\u00c0 B\u1ea2N S\u1eb2C V\u0102N H\u00d3A D\u00c2N T\u1ed8C VI\u1ec6T NAM \u1ead Trung Thu n\u0103m 1952, B\u00e1c vi\u1ebft : Ai y\u00eau c\u00e1c nhi \u0111\u00f4ng B\u1eb1ng B\u00e1c H\u00f4 Ch\u00ed Minh T\u00ednh c\u00e1c ch\u00e1u ngoan ngo\u00e3n M\u1ed9t c\u00e1c ch\u00e1u xinh xinh Trung Thu n\u0103m 1953, B\u00e1c l\u1ea1i vi\u1ebft : Kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i Nam, B\u1eafc, T\u00e2y, \u0110\u00f4ng \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c tin th\u0103ng tr\u1eadn, c\u1edd h\u00f4ng tung bay C\u00e1c ch\u00e1u vui thay ! B\u00e1c c\u0169ng vui thay ! Thu sau so v\u1edbi thu n\u00e0y vui h\u01a1n. \u0110\u00fang nh\u01b0 B\u00e1c ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n, th\u00e1ng 10\/1954 h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i \u1edf m i\u1ec1n B\u1eafc sau chi\u1ebfn th \u1eafn g \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean Ph\u1ee7 l\u1eaby l\u1eebng. Nh\u01b0 B\u00e1c c\u00f2n ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u00e1u thi\u1ebfu nhi \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam, B\u00e1c hy v\u1ecdng : \u0110\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y Nam B\u1eafc m\u1ed9t nh\u00e1 C\u00e1c ch\u00e1u x\u00fam x\u00edt th\u00ec ta vui l\u00f2ng. (Trung Thu, 1954) Ni\u1ec1m mong m\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a B\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, sau \u0111\u1ea1i th \u1eafn g m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n 1975 v\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 165","C\u1ed8I NGU\u1ed2N V\u00c0 B\u1ea2N S\u1eaeC V\u0102N H\u00d3A D\u00c0N T\u1ed8C VI\u1ec6T NAM Ch\u00ed M inh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, giang s\u01a1n thu v\u1ec1 m \u1ed9t m\u1ed1i. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p l\u1ea1i t\u00ecn h th\u01b0\u01a1ng y\u00eau v\u00f4 b\u1edd b\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a B\u00e1c, c\u00e1c ch\u00e1u thi\u1ebfu nhi t\u1eeb B\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn Nam t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1y l\u00f2ng m\u00ecnh c\u1ea5t l\u00ean ti\u1ebfn g h \u00e1 t : \\\"Ai y\u00eau B\u00e1c H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed M inh h\u01a1n th i\u1ebfu n i\u00ean nhi \u0111\u1ed3ng... Ai y\u00eau thi\u1ebfu n i\u00ean nhi \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng B\u00e1c H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh\\\". Ti\u1ebfng h \u00e1 t quy\u1ec7n v\u00e0o l\u1eddi th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a B\u00e1c ng\u00e2n vang, bay xa tr\u00ean b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi trong xanh, l\u1ed9ng gi\u00f3 c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 qu\u00f4\\\"c V i\u1ec7t N am x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u1eeb th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 n\u00e0y qua th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c. C\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y h\u01a1n 3 th\u1eadp k\u1ef7, tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00fac \u0111i xa, B\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng qu\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i mu\u00f4n v\u00e0n t\u00ecnh th \u00e2n y\u00eau cho c\u00e1c ch\u00e1u thanh ni\u00ean v\u00e0 nhi \u0111\u1ed3ng. Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec B\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i cho c\u00e1c ch\u00e1u v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nguy\u00ean v\u1eb9n nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng m\u00f9a thu g\u1ee3i nh\u1edb v\u00ec B\u00e1c l\u00e0 B\u00e1c H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh. 166","NI\u1ec0M T \u1ef1 H\u00c0O D\u00c2N T\u1ed8C C\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y kho\u1ea3ng 2500 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u00f4ng tr\u00ean tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 ra \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u00f4\\\" \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. C\u0169ng tr\u00ean m \u1eb7t tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ea3n sinh ra m \u1ed9t sin h v \u1ead t k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 CON NG\u01af\u1edcI. N\u00f3i nh\u01b0 n h \u00e0 tr i\u1ebf t h\u1ecdc c\u1ed5 Hy L\u1ea1p - Soph\u00f3cl\u01a1 : \\\"Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u n h \u1ea5 t c\u1ee7a t\u1ea1o h\u00f3a\\\". Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 tr\u1edf th \u00e0 n h ch\u1ee7 nh \u00e2n c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. V\u00e0 c\u0169ng gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n quay v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi c\u1ed9i ngu\u1ed3n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m \u00ecnh. C\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, ch\u00fang ta truy t\u00ecm ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean ng\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eb7t ra kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1edbi, v\u00ec l\u1ecbch s\u1eed d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ta \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua h\u01a1n 4000 n\u0103m. L\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ch\u00fang ta r\u1ea5 t t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o l\u00e0 con ch\u00e1u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng d \u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u00f3 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi n h \u1ea5 t th \u1ebf gi\u1edbi, m \u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean v\u1edbi bao chi\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng l\u1eaby l\u1eebng g\u1eafn ch\u1eb7t v\u1edbi t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng anh h\u00f9ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c qua bao th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh h\u00f9ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u nh \u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th \u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX - \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed M inh v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed M inh l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho \u00fd ch\u00ed 167","C\u1ed8I NGU\u1ed0N V\u00c0 B\u1ea2N S\u1eaeC V\u0102N H\u00d3A D\u00c2N T\u1ed8C VI\u1ec6T NAM b\u1ea5t khu\u1ea5t, ki\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 anh d\u0169ng. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh l\u00e0 ng\u1ecdn \u0111u\u1ed1c soi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho th \u1ebf h\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh l\u00e0 tinh hoa t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng cho d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh l\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam - h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh - h\u1eefu ngh\u1ecb c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n th \u1ebf gi\u1edbi. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed M inh l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c s\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c V i\u1ec7t Nam ta trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i m\u1edbi. C\u00e0ng nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh ch\u00fang ta l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng th\u1ea5m th\u00eca c\u00f4ng cha ngh\u0129a m\u1eb9. \u0110\u00fang nh\u01b0 c\u00e2u ca dao m\u00e0 ai ai c\u0169ng bi\u1ebft : C\u00f4ng cha nh\u01b0 n\u00fai Th\u00e1i S\u01a1n Ngh\u0129a m\u1eb9 nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc trong ngu\u1ed3n ch\u1ea3y ra. V\u1edbi c\u00f4ng cha ngh\u0129a m\u1eb9, h\u00f4m nay ch\u00fang ta nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec kh\u00e1c h\u01a1n l\u00e0 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 L\u1ea1c Long Q u\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u00c2u C\u01a1 - nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi sinh th \u00e0 n h 18 \u0111\u1eddi Vua H\u00f9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th \u1ebf h\u1ec7 n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 l\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 ghi v\u00e0o l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1eb9 \u00c2u C\u01a1 kh\u00f4ng th \u1ec3 qu\u00ean L\u1ea1c Long Qu\u00e2n v\u00ec thi\u1ebfu m \u1ed9t trong hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 h \u00ecn h th \u00e0 n h m \u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c nh\u01b0 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c V i\u1ec7t Nam trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c l\u00e0 n h \u00e2 n t\u00f4\\\" h \u00e0n g \u0111\u1ea7u trong suy ngh\u0129 v\u00e0 h \u00e0 n h \u0111\u1ed9ng. Ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng v\u00ec th \u1ebf m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i : 168","C\u1ed8I NGU\u1ed2N V\u00c0 B\u1ea2N S\u1eaeC V\u0102N H\u00d3A D\u00c2N T\u1ed8C VI\u1ec6T NAM \\\"Tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 c\u1ed9i ngu\u1ed3n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c\\\", \\\"\u0111\u1ea5u tra n h cho \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c\u201d v.v... D \u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c h\u1eb9p h\u00f2i. D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng nh\u00e2n ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd, \u00fd ch\u00ed b \u1ea5t khu\u1ea5t ki\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111 \u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, non s\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c ta. C\u00f4ng lao v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a M\u1eb9 \u00c2u C\u01a1 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi ch\u1ed3ng trong vi\u1ec7c g\u00e1nh v\u00e1c Non s\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t. 50 ng\u01b0\u1eddi con trai theo Cha v\u1ec1 m i\u1ec1n bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 50 ng\u01b0\u1eddi con trai kh\u00e1c theo M\u1eb9 l\u00ean n\u00fai. Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c nu\u00f4i d\u1ea1y con c\u00e1i, M\u1eb9 \u00c2u C\u01a1 trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ecf ra r \u1ea5 t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng v\u1edbi nam gi\u1edbi. \u0110\u00f3 l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m \u1ed9t t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebft bao n\u1eef t\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 Vi\u1ec7t Nam anh h\u00f9ng n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ed1ng x\u00e2m l\u0103ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111 \u1ea5 t n\u01b0\u1edbc. Qua cu\u1ed9c h \u00e0n h tr\u00ecn h xuy\u00ean l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc trong bi\u1ec3n c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng m \u00eanh m\u00f4ng, nh\u01b0ng nh\u1edd c\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, m ang gi\u00f2ng m \u00e1u L\u1ea1c H\u1ed3ng m \u00e0 v\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Th\u1eddi c\u01a1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi \u0111 \u1ea5 t n\u01b0\u1edbc R\u1ed3ng T i\u00ean nh\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n B\u1ec9nh Khi\u00eam (Tr\u1ea1ng Tr\u00ecnh) \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i : 169","C\u1ed8I NGU\u1ed0N V\u00c0 B\u1ea2N S\u1eaeC V\u0102N H\u00d3A D\u00c2N T\u1ed8C VI\u1ec6T NAM \\\"N\u01b0\u1edbc Nam th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u00e1nh t\u00e0i \\\"S\u01a1n h\u00e0 v\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ea5y ai r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \\\"Kia Nh\u1ecb Th\u1ee7y, n\u1ecd \u0110\u1ea3o S\u01a1n \\\"B\u00e3i ng\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea5t n\u1ed5i, \u00e2u v\u00e0ng tr\u1eddi cho. Nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u1ea5y kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111 \u1ea5 t n\u01b0\u1edbc ta, d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ta l\u00e0 m \u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, m \u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c anh h\u00f9ng, b\u1ea5t k h u \u1ea5 t kh\u00f4ng m \u1ed9t th \u1ebf l\u1ef1c ngo\u1ea1i x\u00e2m n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th \u1ec3 k h u \u1ea5 t ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110 \u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea5y c\u00f3 m \u1ed9t kho t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean th i\u00ea n n h i\u00ean v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng phong ph\u00fa T\u1ee9 N h\u1ecb Th\u1ee7y (s\u00f4ng H\u1ed3ng \u1edf m i\u1ec1n B\u1eafc) t\u1edbi \u0110\u00e0o S\u01a1n (V\u0169ng T\u00e0u - C\u00f4n \u0110\u1ea3o \u1edf m i\u1ec1n Nam) bi\u1ebft bao kho t\u00e0ng qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 : Sa kho\u00e1ng, h\u1ed3ng ng\u1ecdc, v\u00e0ng (b\u00e3i ng\u1ecdc \u0111 \u1ea5 t n\u1ed5i) v\u00e0 m \u1ed9t m\u1ecf d\u1ea7u phong ph\u00fa c\u00f3 tr\u1eef l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r \u1ea5 t cao (\u00e2u v\u00e0ng tr\u1eddi cho). D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ta s\u1ebd l\u00e0m n\u00ean s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p l\u1edbn, tr\u01b0\u1edbc m \u1eaft \\\"\u0111\u1ea9y t\u1edbi m \u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a, h i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a. Tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi c\u1ed9i ngu\u1ed3n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, ch\u00fang ta quy\u1ebft h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp nh\u1eefng t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng trong s\u00e1ng nh\u01b0 pha l\u00ea c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean, \u00f4ng b\u00e0 \u0111em h \u1ebf t s\u1ee9c l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho \u0111 \u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng gi\u00e0u \u0111\u1eb9p v\u0103n m inh v\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea5u tran h cho \\\"\u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i\\\". 170","TRUY\u1ec0N TH\u1ed0NG N \u1ed1l Tl\u1ebeP TRUY\u1ec0N TH\u1ed0NG Truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ta ch\u1ec9 ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 V i\u1ec7t Nam c\u0169ng c\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng ri\u00eang. T h\u1eadt v\u1eady, v\u00e0o n\u0103m th\u1ee9 40 Tr\u01b0ng Tr\u1eafc v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0ng Nh\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a ch\u00f4ng l\u1ea1i tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh nh\u00e0 H \u00e1n x\u00e2m chi\u1ebfm n\u01b0\u1edbc ta. Sau khi \u0111 \u1ea5 t n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng, Tr\u01b0ng Tr\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c suy t\u00f4n l\u00e0m vua. \u0110i theo Hai B\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u1edbng s\u0129, \u0111\u1eb7c b i\u1ec7t c\u00f3 n\u1eef t\u01b0\u1edbng mang t\u00ean g\u1ecdi N \u00e0ng T\u00eda. N\u00e0ng \u0111\u00edch th \u00e2n ch\u1ec9 huy chi\u1ebfn thuy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng anh d\u0169ng. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i khi\u1ebfp s\u1ee3 khi n\u1eef t\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n m\u1edbi 18 tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea7u. H i\u1ec7n nay t\u1ea1 i qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng H \u00e0 Nam N inh c\u00f3 ng\u00f4i \u0111\u00ecnh uy nghi\u00eam th\u1edd ba v\u1ecb anh h\u00f9ng c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc, ngai ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa th\u1edd N \u00e0ng T\u00eda, hai b\u00ean l\u00e0 hai v\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a Vua H\u00f9ng. \u0110 \u1ebfn th \u1ebf k\u1ef7 3, B\u00e0 T ri\u1ec7u xu\u1ea5t h i\u1ec7n v\u1edbi t\u00e0i thao l\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 huy qu\u00e2n l\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1nh h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m tr\u1ead n l\u00e0m cho qu\u00e2n th\u00f9 ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecf x\u00e1c th\u00e1o ch\u1ea1y. Nh\u1edb c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a B\u00e0, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u vua 171","C\u1ed8I NGU\u1ed2N V\u00c0 B\u1ea2N S\u1eaeC V\u0102N H\u00d3A D\u00c2N T\u1ed8C VI\u1ec6T NAM ch\u00faa ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a x\u00e2y m\u1ed9, l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec1n th\u1edd t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m B\u00e0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng - Thanh H\u00f3a. D\u01b0\u1edbi tri\u1ec1u L\u00fd v\u00e0o th \u1ebf k\u1ef7 11 c\u00f3 b\u00e0 \u1ef6 Lan - \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfn g v\u00e0 c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n h \u00e0 n h cao n h \u1ea5 t l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd th\u1eeba n h \u1ead n l\u00e0 m \u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u00e0 i tr\u1ecb n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c m \u1ea1nh \u0111o\u00e0n k \u1ebf t to \u00e0n d\u00e2n ch\u00f4ng x\u00e2m \u1ec9\u01b0\u1ee3c. N h \u00e2n d\u00e2n H\u00e0 B\u1eafc ng\u00e0y nay v\u1eabn c\u00f2n truy\u1ec1n t\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i ngh\u1ec7 cao c\u01b0\u1eddng, tr\u00ed \u00f3c th\u00f4ng m inh c\u1ee7a B\u00e0 v\u1edbi t\u00ea n g\u1ecdi tr\u00ecu m \u1ebfn th \u00e2 n th\u01b0\u01a1ng : C\u00f4 T\u1ea5m t\u1ec9n h B\u1eafc. \u1edf Th\u1eeba T hi\u00ean c\u00f3 n\u1eef li\u1ec7 t s\u0129 h\u1ecd \u0110inh. N \u0103m 1908 b\u00e0 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbch b\u1eaft khi c\u00f2n l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c giao li\u00ean. B\u00e0 r\u1ea5 t gi\u1ecfi ch\u1eef H\u00e1n, bi\u1ebft l\u00e0m th\u01a1, c\u0103m gh\u00e9t b\u1ecdn th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n. V\u1edbi \u00fd ch\u00ed b \u1ea5t khu\u1ea5t ki\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng, b\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng m \u1ed9t l\u1eddi khai b\u00e1o, m\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ef1c h \u00ecn h v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed9c \u00e1c, d\u00e3 m an. Qu\u00e2n th\u00f9 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i khi\u1ebfp s\u1ee3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ea3n t\u1ed1 c\u00e1o t\u1ed9i \u00e1c b\u1eb1ng th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 khi th\u1ea5y b\u00e0 c\u1eafn tay l\u1ea5y m\u00e1u vi\u1ebft l\u00ean nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i th\u01a1 tuy\u1ec7t m \u1ec7nh, l\u00fac \u1ea5y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 l\u00fac m \u1eaft b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edd, tay b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ecfi, ch\u00e2n b\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng trong lao t\u00f9. Truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng n\u00f4\u00ec ti\u1ebfp tru y \u1ec1n th\u00f4\\\"ng c\u00f3 n\u1eef t\u01b0\u1edbng L\u00ea Ch\u00e2n, B\u00f9i Th\u1ecb Xu\u00e2n v.v... v\u00e0 v.v... T\u1eeb c\u00e1c Vua 172","C\u1ed8I NGU\u1ed2N V\u00c0 B\u1ea2N S\u1eaeC V\u0102N H\u00d3A D\u00c0N T\u1ed8C VI\u1ec6T NAM H \u00f9ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c n\u1eef t\u01b0\u1edbng k i\u1ec7 t xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3 t\u1eeb th \u1ebf h\u1ec7 n\u00e0y qua th \u1ebf h\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 con ch\u00e1u c\u1ee7a L\u1ea1c Long Qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u00c2u C\u01a1. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng l\u00e0m cho th \u1ebf h\u1ec7 ch\u00fang ta l\u1ea5y l\u00e0m t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o l\u00e0 v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a phong k i\u1ebfn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eafc, d\u1ea7u ch\u00fang v\u01a1 v\u00e9t hay \u0111\u00f4\\\"t s\u1ea1ch c\u00e1c v\u0103n t\u1ef1, s\u00e1ch v\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed1ng tro t\u00e0n, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f4\\\"t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin h th \u1ea7 n b \u1ea5 t k h u \u1ea5 t hay x\u00f3a nh\u00f2a g\u1ed1c t\u00edch c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c V i\u1ec7t Nam. Ti\u1ebfp theo \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 80 n\u0103m n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n P h\u00e1p v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch chia \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ecb, \\\"m\u00e1u ch\u1ea3y ru\u1ed9t m\u1ec1m\\\" nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111o\u00e0n k \u1ebft m \u1ed9t l\u00f2ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed M inh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed - \\\"\u0111\u00e1nh cho M\u1ef9 c\u00fat, \u0111\u00e1nh cho ng\u1ee5y nh\u00e0o\\\". V\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n 1975, T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c Vi\u1ec7t N am thu v\u1ec1 m \u1ed9t m\u00f4\u00ec v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u k i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb nay tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi c\u1ed9i ngu\u1ed3n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. Con ch\u00e1u c\u1ee7a th \u1ebf h\u1ec7 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh h\u00f4m nay s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng hy sinh cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho cu\u1ed9c s\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \\\"\u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, t\u1ef1 do, h \u1ea1n h ph\u00fac\\\" x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng v\u1edbi t\u00ean g\u1ecdi con ch\u00e1u R\u1ed3ng Ti\u00ean, v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc V\u0103n Lang k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi, nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb m\u1edbi. 173","H\u01af\u1edaNG V\u1ec0 \u0110\u1ec0N H\u00d9NG QU\u00ca H\u01af\u01a0NG \u0110\u1ea4T T \u1ed5 \u0110\u1ec1n H\u00f9ng l\u00e0 khu di t\u00edch l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u0103n h\u00f3a n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean n\u00fai Ngh\u0129a L\u0129nh thu\u1ed9c x\u00e3 Hy C\u01b0\u01a1ng huy\u1ec7n L\u00e2m Thao t\u1ec9nh Ph\u00fa Th\u1ecd. Qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 khu di t\u00edch l\u1ecbch s\u1eed n\u00e0y g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 : \u0110\u1ec1?i H\u1ea1 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0o th \u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVII. T\u01b0\u01a1ng truy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 n\u01a1i m\u1eb9 \u00c2u C\u01a1 sinh ra b\u1ecdc tr\u0103m tr\u1ee9ng n\u1edf ra 100 ng\u01b0\u1eddi con trai; Ch\u00f9a T hi\u00ean Quang x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0o th\u1eddi L\u00fd - T r\u1ea7n (1427 - 1573) cho d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i; \u0110\u1ec1n Trung (H\u00f9ng V\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed5 mi\u1ebfu) x\u00e2v d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0o th\u1eddi L\u00fd - T r\u1ea7n th \u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 XVII d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0y nay. \u1edb n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a c\u00e1c Vua H\u00f9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdp b\u00e0n vi\u1ec7c n\u01b0\u1edbc. Vua H\u00f9ng th\u1ee9 6 \u0111\u00e3 nh\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00f4i cho Lang Li\u00eau, v\u1ecb H o\u00e0ng t\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m ra b\u00e1nh ch\u01b0ng, b\u00e1nh d\u00e0y; \u0110\u1ec1n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u00e1c Vua H\u00f9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m l\u1ec5 t\u1ebf Tr\u1eddi \u0111 \u1ea5t x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0o th\u1eddi L\u00fd - Tr\u1ea7n; L\u0103ng H \u00f9ng V\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 l\u0103ng m\u1ed9 Vua H\u00f9ng th\u1ee9 6 (1712 - 1632 tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean); \u0110\u1ec1n Gi\u1ebfng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0o th \u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVIII. Trong \u0111\u1ec1n c\u00f3 gi\u1ebfng Ng\u1ecdc, n\u01a1i hai n \u00e0ng c\u00f4ng ch\u00faa Ti\u00ean Dung, Ng\u1ecdc Hoa con g\u00e1i Vua H\u00f9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng soi g\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ea3i t\u00f3c. 174","C\u1ed8I NGU\u1ed2N V\u00c0 B\u1ea2N S\u1eaeC V\u0102N H\u00d3A D\u00c0N T\u1ed8C VI\u1ec6T NAM H\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ec1n H \u00f9ng l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 c\u1ed9i ngu\u1ed3n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c Vua H\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng d\u1ef1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c m \u1ea1nh truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng qua h\u01a1n 4000 n\u0103m l\u1ecbch s\u1eed - n\u01a1i h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 kh\u00ed thi\u00eang s\u00f4ng n\u00fai \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1eddi. Sau nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m b\u00f4n ba t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc, ngay sau khi tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 T\u1ed5 qu\u00f4h (1941) B\u00e1c H\u1ed3 k\u00ednh y\u00eau c\u1ee7a n h\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft trong di\u1ec5n ca L\u1ecbch s\u1eed ; \\\"D\u00e2n ta ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft s\u1ee9 ta Cho t\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ed1c t\u00edch n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam K \u1ec3 n\u0103m h\u01a1n b\u1ed1n ng\u00e0n n\u0103m T\u1ed5 ti\u00ean r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 anh em thu\u1eadn h\u00f2a H\u00f4ng B\u00e0ng l\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean ta N\u01b0\u1edbc ta l\u00fac \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 V\u0103n Lang...\\\" M\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam ai n\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o l\u00e0 con L\u1ea1c ch\u00e1u H\u1ed3ng t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o v\u1ec1 non s\u00f4ng g\u1ea5m v\u00f3c m\u00e0 c\u00e1c Vua H \u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1ng n \u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 su\u00f4T c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi m ang trong m \u00ecnh m \u1ed9t tr\u00e1i tim thi\u00eang v\u1ec1 th \u00e1n h \u0111\u1ecba, m \u1ed9t d\u00f2ng m\u00e1u \u0111\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00f4n th\u1edd. Tr\u1ea3i qua bao gian kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y th\u1eed th\u00e1ch v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbch h\u1ecda, thi\u00ean tai, c\u00e1c th \u1ebf h\u1ec7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u1eddi H\u00f9ng 175","C\u1ed8I NGU\u1ed2N V\u00c0 B\u1ea2N S\u1eaeC V\u1eb0N H\u00d3A D\u00c0N T\u1ed8C VI\u1ec6T NAM V\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e0ng th\u1ea5m th\u00eca gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a lao \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed3 h\u00f4i, x\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e1u v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc m \u1eaft \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m \u1ea3nh \u0111 \u1ea5 t qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng do ch\u00ednh m \u00ecnh g\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ebf r\u1ed3i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i nu\u00f4i m\u00ecnh. H\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ec1n H \u00f9ng v\u1edbi l\u00f2ng th \u00e0 n h t\u00e2m \\\"U\u00f4\\\"ng n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1edb ngu\u1ed3n\\\" \\\"\u0102n qu\u1ea3 nh\u1edd ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y\\\". H\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ec1n H\u00f9ng l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m \u1ed9t n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd V i\u1ec7t N am C\u00e2y c\u00f3 g\u1ed1c, n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n. \u00dd th\u1ee9c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, tinh th \u1ea7n y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc b \u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb th\u1eddi c\u00e1c Vua H\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ec7n ch\u1eb7t v\u00e0o nhau tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3 n g \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd \u1ea5y. B\u1eb1ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5 n cu\u1ed9c s\u00f4\\\"ng, t\u1ed5 ti\u00ea n ta \u0111\u00e3 hun \u0111\u00fac n\u00ean nh\u1eefng n h \u00e2 n t\u00f4\\\" c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a m \u1ed9t l\u1ed1i s\u00f4ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam, c\u1ee7a m \u1ed9t n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd V i\u1ec7t Nam. L\u00f4i s\u00f4ng \u1ea5y c\u00f2n s\u00f4ng m\u00e3i cho \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00e2y gi\u1edd. M\u1ed9t l\u00f4l s\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng, m \u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc, T\u1ed5 qu\u00f4\\\"c V i\u1ec7t Nam ta m\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed3n v\u00e0 p h \u00e1 t tri\u1ec3 n . Nh\u1edd c\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f3 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ta m\u1edbi c\u00f3 \\\"Nam qu\u1ed1c s\u01a1n h\u00e0...\\\" m\u1edbi c\u00f3 \\\"B\u00ecnh Ng\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00e1o\\\", m\u1edbi c\u00f3 \\\"\u0110\u00e1nh cho \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00e0i t\u00f3c, \u0111\u00e1nh cho \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111en r\u0103ng\\\" \u1edf th\u1eddi Quang Trung \u0111\u1ebf c\u00f9ng nhau x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \\\"Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec qu\u00fd h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp t\u1ef1 do\\\" trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh. M\u1ed7i t\u1ea5c \u0111\u1ea5t Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5m \u0111\u1eabm m\u00e1u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam qua c\u00e1c th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m 176","C\u1ed8I NGU\u1ed2N V\u00c0 B\u1ea2N S\u1eaeC V\u0102N H\u00d3A D\u00c2N T\u1ed8C VI\u1ec6T NAM n\u00ean nh\u1eefng trang s\u1eed v\u00e0ng ch\u00f3i l\u1ecdi, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb tinh th \u1ea7n b\u1ea5t h\u1ee7, th\u1ee9c t\u1ec9nh l\u01b0\u01a1ng tri c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. H\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ec1n H\u00f9ng, n\u01a1i nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f4n th\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n \u0111\u1eddi nay. N\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u00fd ngh\u0129a t\u00e2m linh c\u1ee7a d \u00e2n t\u1ed9c V i\u1ec7t Nam, ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00f2ng k h \u00e1 t v\u1ecdng s\u00e2u l\u1eafng n h \u1ea5t v\u1ec1 m \u1ed9t th \u1ebf gi\u1edbi th i\u00ea n g li\u00eang, v\u1ec1 th \u00e1 n h \u0111\u1ecba r \u1ea5 t \u0111\u1ed5i g\u1ea7n gi\u1eef v\u00f4\\\"n ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00f4\\\"t \u0111\u1eb9p n h \u1ea5t. Trong th \u1ebf gi\u1edbi thi\u00eang li\u00eang \u0111\u00f3, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam lu\u00f4n c\u1ea3m n h \u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb bao \u0111\u1eddi nay v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eafc s\u00e2u v\u00e0o t\u00e2m kh\u1ea3m : D\u00f9 ai \u0111i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ea xu\u00f4i Nh\u1edb ng\u00e0y Gi\u1ed7 T\u1ed5 m\u1ed3ng m\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e1ng ba. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 H \u00f9ng V\u01b0\u01a1ng trong s\u00e2u th \u1eb3m c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m linh, c\u00e1c con ch\u00e1u Vua H\u00f9ng lu\u00f4n l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd \\\"th\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00f2i\\\" c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb ng\u00e0n x\u01b0a v\u1eabn b\u1eebng s\u00e1ng. T\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m m\u00e1u th\u1ecbt, ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o t\u1eeb \u00fd th\u1ee9c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ta c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng m \u1ed9t T\u1ed5, c\u00f9ng chung m \u1ed9t b\u1ecdc. D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c V i\u1ec7t Nam ta th\u1edd c\u00e1c Vua H\u00f9ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00f4n vinh d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c m \u00ecnh v\u00ec \u0110\u1ee9c T\u1ed5 H\u00f9ng V\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 \u00f4ng T\u1ed4 c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi \u00f4ng t\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i gia \u0111\u00ecnh, d\u00f2ng 177","C\u1ed8I NGU\u1ed2N V\u00c0 B\u1ea2N S\u1eaeC V\u0102N H\u00d3A D\u00c2N T\u1ed8C VI\u1ec6T NAM h\u1ecd, l\u00e0ng x\u00f3m Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Th\u1edd H\u00f9ng V\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh phong t\u1ee5c t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n, b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ec1n H\u00f9ng l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ed9i ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n th \u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Vua H\u00f9ng trong \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 k h \u00e1t v\u1ecdng d\u1ef1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u1ec1n H\u00f9ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfc c\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i cho ni\u1ec1m tin s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 l\u1ebd s\u00f4ng trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 h\u00e0o h\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 ni\u1ec1m tin, l\u00f2ng t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u01a1n l\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0111 \u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc qua nh\u1eefng kh\u00fac quanh c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed th\u0103ng tr\u1ea7m . S\u1ef1 t\u00f4n vinh Qu\u1ed1c T\u1ed5 H\u00f9ng V\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k h \u1eb3n g \u0111\u1ecbnh ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i. truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc V\u0103n Lang th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Vua H\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ta \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n nh\u1ea3y v\u1ecdt v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y nay \u0111ang b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean m\u1edbi, v\u01b0\u01a1n l\u00ean t\u1ea7m cao th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh quang vinh. H\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ec1n H\u00f9ng nh\u00e2n ng\u00e0y Gi\u1ed7 T\u1ed5 g\u1ee3i m\u1edf cho ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft bao v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1edbn lao m ang \u00fd ngh\u0129a ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, v\u0103n h\u00f3a, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i..., \u00fd th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, \u00fd th\u1ee9c t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 t\u1ef1 c\u01b0\u1eddng, \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc 178","C\u1ed8I NGU\u1ed2N V\u00c0 B\u1ea2N S\u1eaeC V\u0102N H\u00d3A D\u00c2N T\u1ed8C VI\u1ec6T NAM v\u0103n h\u00f3a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u... H\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110 \u1ea5t T\u1ed5, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ea n nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th \u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng g\u1ee3i m\u1edf cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m \u00ecnh v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u m\u1edbi, ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 T\u1ed5 qu\u00f4c Vi\u1ec7t Nam x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang l\u1eddi B\u00e1c H\u1ed3 c\u0103n d\u1eb7n C\u00e1c Vua H\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng d\u1ef1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc B\u00e1c ch\u00e1u ta ph\u1ea3i c\u00f9ng nhau gi\u1eef l\u1ea5y n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 kho t\u00e0 n g tri th\u1ee9c, t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n, \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd, t\u00edn h c\u00e1ch, l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng, tr\u00ecn h \u0111\u1ed9 th \u1ea9m m\u1ef9 c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng. T\u1ef1 h\u00e0o v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00e0n n\u0103m v\u0103n hi\u1ebfn, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ed, ra s\u1ee9c gi\u1eef g\u00ecn v\u00e0 p h \u00e1t huy c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u0103n h\u00f3a truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, bi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 tr\u1edf th \u00e0 n h n \u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng, t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ee9c m \u1ea1nh to l\u1edbn ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a, hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m cho \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Vua H\u00f9ng m\u00e3i m\u00e3i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed3n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u01b0\u01a1n l\u00ean s\u00e1nh vai c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ea n th \u1ebf gi\u1edbi trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i m\u1edbi. 179","B\u1ea2N S\u1eaeC V\u0102N H\u00d3A D\u00c2N T\u1ed8C - N\u1ed8I L\u1ef1c PH\u00c1T TRI\u1ec2N X\u00c3 H\u1ed8I D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c m \u00ecnh. V\u00ec c\u00f3 b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc v\u0103n h\u1ecdc d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c n \u00ean d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u1ea5y lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec l\u1ea1. V \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 t\u00ecm cho \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi mang nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebf th\u1eeba v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. C\u00f3 th \u1ec3 h \u00ecnh dung b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc v\u0103n h\u00f3a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c l\u00e0 c\u00f4\\\"t l\u00f5i, tin h t\u00fay v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, trong \u0111\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c s\u1eafc t\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. B\u1ea3n s\u1eafc v\u0103n h\u00f3a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c V i\u1ec7t N am c\u00f3 th\u00ea n h\u00ecn th \u1ea5y qua truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft L\u1ea1c Long Qu\u0103n - \u00c2 u C\u01a1 sinh m \u1ed9t b\u1ecdc tr\u1ee9ng n\u1edf th \u00e0n h 100 ng\u01b0\u1eddi con trai. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng, th\u01b0\u01a1ng y\u00eau nhau, s\u1ed1ng ch \u1ebft c\u00f3 nhau. T r\u00ean th \u1ebf gi\u1edbi th \u1ead t kh\u00f3 t\u00ecm ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m \u1ed9t truy\u1ec1n thuv\u1ebft \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. \u0110\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec7n 15 b\u1ed9 t\u1ed9c anh C\u00ec.' h\u1ee3p n h \u1ea5 t h\u00ecnh th \u00e0n h n\u01b0\u1edbc V\u0103n Lang - \u0111o\u00e0n k \u1ebft \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i b \u1ea5 t c\u1ee9 k\u1ebb th\u00f9 n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c. Chuy\u1ec7n P h\u00f9 \u0110\u1ed5ng T h i\u00ean V\u01b0\u01a1ng mu\u1ed1n ghi l\u1ea1i c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n khi c\u00f3 gi\u1eb7c 180","C\u1ed8I NGU\u1ed2N V\u00c0 B\u1ea2N S\u1eaeC V\u0102N H\u00d3A D\u00c0N T\u1ed8C VI\u1ec6T NAM th \u00ec b \u1ea5 t c\u1ee9 ai tr\u1ebb, gi\u00e0, trai, g\u00e1i V i\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ec1u x\u00f4ng tr\u1ead n . Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng th \u1ebf, ng\u01b0\u1eddi V i\u1ec7t Nam v\u00f4\\\"n c\u00f3 ch\u00ed l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 Ph\u00f9 \u0110\u1ed5ng - s\u1ee9c m \u1ea1nh Vi\u1ec7t Nam. X\u00e9t v\u1ec1 n h \u00e2n ngh\u0129a, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c ta th\u1ea5y qua truy\u1ec7n A nh em nh\u00e0 h\u1ecd Cao, Ch\u1eed \u0110\u1ed3ng T \u1eed v.v... B \u1ea3n s\u1eafc v\u0103n h\u00f3a V i\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ea n c\u00e1c tr\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Ng\u1ecdc L\u0169, tr\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Ho\u00e0ng H\u1ea1, b\u1ea3n kh\u1eafc tr\u00ea n chi\u1ebfc r\u00ecu \u0111\u00e1 B\u1eafc S\u01a1n c\u00f3 ghi h\u00ecnh ch\u00f2m sao V\u0169 Ti\u00ean (hercule). N\u00f3 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh l\u1ea1i trong ca dao, h\u00f2 v\u00e8, t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef \\\"Nhi\u1ec5u \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ee7 l\u1ea5y gi\u00e1 g\u01b0\u01a1ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong m \u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec th\u01b0\u01a1ng nhau c\u00f9ng\\\", \\\"\u0102n qu\u1ea3 nh\u1edb ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y\\\", \\\"Th\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00e2n\\\", \\\"M\u1ed9t c\u00e2y l\u00e0m ch\u1eb3ng n\u00ean non, ba c\u00e2y ch\u1ee5m l\u1ea1i th \u00e0 n h h\u00f2n n\u00fai cao\\\", \\\"\u0102n ch\u1eafc m\u1eb7c b\u1ec1n\\\", \\\"M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b i\u1ebft lo h\u01a1n m \u1ed9t kho ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m\\\", \\\"N h\u1ea5t ngh\u1ec7 tinh, n h \u1ea5 t th \u00e2n vinh\\\" v.v... B\u1ea3n s\u1eafc v\u0103n h\u00f3a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f2n g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng con s\u00f4\\\" huy\u1ec1n di\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 s\u1ed1 3 (nh\u00e0 3 gian, 3 mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc Trung Nam, ba \u00f4ng t\u00e1o, ki\u1ec1ng 3 ch\u00e2n) con s\u00f4\\\" 9 (9 t\u1ea7 n g m\u00e2y...) v.v... N\u00f3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc v\u0103n h\u00f3a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c m \u1ed9t m \u1eb7t n\u00f3i l\u00ean s\u1ee9c m \u1ea1nh ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng \u1ea9n ch\u1ee9a 181","C\u1ed8I NGU\u1ed0N V\u00c0 B\u1ea2N S\u1eaeC V\u0102N H\u00d3A D\u00c2N T\u1ed8C VI\u1ec6T NAM trong t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, m \u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng (n\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng). \u0110\u00e3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc v\u0103n h\u00f3a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c t\u1ea5 t nhi\u00ean n\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u00edn h b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c kh\u00e1c \u1edf ch\u1ed7 b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a m \u00ecnh. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady m\u00e0 b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc v\u0103n h\u00f3a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u00f3a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. N\u00f3i nh\u01b0 T\u1ed5ng Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4\\\"c UNESCO \\\"V\u0103n h\u00f3a l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng th \u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o (c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng) trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. Qua h\u00e0ng th \u1ebf k\u1ef7, c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, c\u00e1c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 th\u1ecb hi\u1ebfu, th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 v\u00e0 l\u00f4l s\u00f4ng m\u00e0 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3, t\u1eebng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh\\\" {Th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 to\u00e0n th \u1ebf gi\u1edbi p h \u00e1 t tri\u1ec3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a, UNESCO, 1980, P h\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c 4, tr.l). N\u00f3i ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn, b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc v\u0103n h\u00f3a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a ta tr\u01b0\u1edbc h \u1ebft l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u l\u00fd ch\u00e2n truy\u1ec1n qua hai ti\u1ebfng \\\"\u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o\\\", l\u00f2ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc th i\u1ebf t tha, t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng h i\u1ec3n h\u00e1ch, c\u1ea7n c\u00f9 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft, y\u00eau chu\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, c\u00f3 tin h th \u1ea7 n n h \u00e2n v\u0103n cao c\u1ea3, t\u00ecn h ngh\u0129a n h \u00e2n h\u1eadu, th\u1ee7y chung... 182","C\u1ed8I NGU\u1ed2N V\u00c0 B\u1ea2N S\u1eaeC V\u0102N H\u00d3A D\u00c0N T\u1ed8C VI\u1ec6T NAM \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng vi\u00ean ng\u1ecdc qu\u00fd l\u1ea5p l\u00e1nh h\u01a1n kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec s\u00e1 n h n\u1ed5i. B\u1ea3n s\u1eafc v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5m s\u00e2u v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi s\u00f4ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1eddi s\u00f4ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb th \u1ebf h\u1ec7 n\u00e0y sang th \u1ebf h\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th \u00e0n h s\u1ee9c s\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y nay lu\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi ch\u00e2n - thi\u1ec7n - m\u1ef9. Trong c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng h i\u1ec7n nay t\u1eeb l\u00f4\u00ec s\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, t\u1eeb c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 cho n \u00ean p h \u00e1 t sinh m \u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1ead t b\u1ec7nh l\u00e0m m\u1edd n h \u1ea1t \u0111i m \u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc v\u0103n h\u00f3a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c nh\u01b0 \\\"\u0103n ch\u1eafc m \u1eb7c b\u1ec1n\\\", ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n. M\u1ed9t s\u00f4\\\" b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111ua \u0111\u00f2i \u0103 n ch\u01a1i theo m\u00f4\\\"t th\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u00e1i g\u00ec m\u1edbi th \u00ec d\u00f9ng, d\u00f9ng r\u1ed3i b\u1ecf. M\u1ed9t s\u00f4\\\" kh\u00e1c l\u1ea1i \\\"ng\u1ed3i m \u00e1t \u0103 n b \u00e1 t v\u00e0ng\\\", \\\"s\u00f4\\\"ng ch\u1ebft m \u1eb7c th\u00e2y, ti\u1ec1 n th \u1ea7 y b\u1ecf t\u00fai\\\", s\u00f9ng b\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n m \u1ed9t c\u00e1ch qu\u00e1 \u0111\u00e1ng. Trong xu th\u00ea\\\" p h \u00e1 t tri\u1ec3 n c\u1ee7a th\u00ea\\\" gi\u1edbi h i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft 5 c\u1ee7a Ban Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng (kh\u00f3a VIII) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \\\"x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a Vi\u1ec7t Nam ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u00e0 b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c s\u00f4ng\\\" th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 p h\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u00f4\\\" n\u1ed9i sinh v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103 n g c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ee9c m \u1ea1nh v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a, hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a v\u1eeba t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ef1 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u0103n h\u00f3a tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. 183","C\u1ed8I NGU\u1ed2N V\u00c0 B\u1ea2N S\u1eaeC V\u0102N H\u00d3A D\u00c0N T\u1ed8C VI\u1ec6T NAM B\u00e0n v\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc v\u0103n h\u00f3a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c kh\u00f4ng ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u01b0 H\u1ed3 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch c\u0103n d\u1eb7n : \\\"Ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m th \u1ebf n\u00e0o cho v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0o s\u00e2u trong t\u00e2m l\u00fd qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a ph\u1ea3i s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tham nh\u0169ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebfng, ph\u00f9 hoa, xa x\u1ec9... V\u0103n h\u00f3a ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m th \u1ebf n\u00e0o cho ai c\u0169ng c\u00f3 l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7, \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, t\u1ef1 do. V\u1edbi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, v\u0103n h\u00f3a ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m th \u1ebf n\u00e0o cho m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb gi\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ebb, c\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0, ai c\u0169ng hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1i nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a m \u00ecnh l\u00e0 bi\u1ebft h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1i h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac c\u1ee7a m \u00ecnh n \u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng... V\u0103n h\u00f3a ph\u1ea3i soi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7c k \u1ebf th\u1eeba nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng, b\u1ed5 sung nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u0103n h\u00f3a m\u1edbi ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111 \u1ea5 t n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00e0u m \u1ea1nh v\u0103n minh l\u00e0 r\u1ea5 t c\u1ea5p thi\u1ebft, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i l\u00e0 c\u1ea5p thi\u1ebft nh \u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay. \u0110i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5n m \u1ea1nh l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00f3i quen t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf l\u00f4l s\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0nh m \u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i l\u00e0m ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u00f4c ta. (1) B\u00e1o C\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c, s\u1ed1 416, ng\u00e0y 2 5-11-1946. 184","V\u0102N H\u00d3A L\u1ec4 H\u1ed8I M\u00d9A XU\u00c2N T \u1ea1m b i\u1ec7t m \u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng m\u01b0a d\u1ea7m gi\u00f3 b\u1ea5c. \u0110\u00f3n m \u00f9a xu\u00e2n \u1ea5m \u00e1p b\u1ed9i ph\u1ea7n, ch\u00e0o, m\u1eebng n\u0103m m\u1edbi. V\u00e0o d\u1ecbp n\u00e0y ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n m i\u1ec1n qu\u00ea \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf m i\u1ec1n B\u1eafc v\u00e0 mi\u1ec1n Trung th\u01b0\u1eddng ngh\u1ec9 x\u1ea3 h\u01a1i sau m\u1ed9t n\u0103m l\u00e0m \u0103n v\u1ea5t v\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng nhau vui ch\u01a1i ca h\u00e1t. \u1edf m i\u1ec1n B\u1eafc \u1edf Ph\u1ee7 V\u0129nh T\u01b0\u1eddng x\u01b0a thu\u1ed9c t\u1ec9nh V\u0129nh Ph\u00fa c\u00f3 tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i b \u1eaf t ch\u1ea1ch n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng. Sau khi nghe ti\u1ebfng tr\u1ed1ng n\u1ed5i l\u00ean t\u1eebng \u0111\u00f4i nam n\u1eef \u0103n m\u1eb7c ch\u1ec9nh t\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ee9ng c\u1ea1nh c\u00e1i chum c\u00f3 con ch\u1ea1ch. M \u1ed9t tay ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0a ra \u00f4m l\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia, tay c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o chum \u0111\u1ec3 b \u1eaft ch\u1ea1ch. M \u1eaft hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn xu\u00f4ng chum m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i nh\u00ecn nhau. B \u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea1ch r\u1ea5 t kh\u00f3 v\u00ec m \u00ecnh n\u00f3 r\u1ea5 t tr\u01a1n. N\u1ebfu hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea1ch th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u01b0\u1edfng, m \u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1edfng khi\u00eam t\u00f4n nh\u01b0ng r\u1ea5 t vui v\u00ec ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng th \u1ebf n\u00e0o sang n\u0103m m\u1edbi c\u0169ng g\u1eb7p may m\u1eafn. \u1edb mi\u1ec1n Trung \u0111\u1eb7c b i\u1ec7t \u1edf T h an h H\u00f3a c\u00f3 tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i x\u1ebfp ch\u1eef. 16 ch\u00e0ng trai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn, theo ti\u1ebfn g tr\u00f4ng, ti\u1ebfng g\u00f5 m\u00f5, g\u00f5 s\u00eanh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00faa l\u00fac \u0111\u1ee9ng, l\u00fac ng\u1ed3i, l\u00fac qu\u1ef3, khi nhanh khi ch\u1eadm v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng x\u1ebfp th \u00e0n h nh\u1eefng 185","C\u1ed8I NGU\u1ed2N V\u00c0 B\u1ea2N S\u1eaeC V\u0102N H\u00d3A D\u00c0N T\u1ed8C VI\u1ec6T NAM ch\u1eef nho nh\u01b0 ph\u00fac, l\u1ed9c, th\u1ecd... n\u00f3i l\u00ean l\u00f2ng m\u01a1 \u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. L\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i \u1edf m i\u1ec1n Nam kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc v\u00e0 m i\u1ec1n Trung bao nhi\u00eau. T\u1eeb B\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn Nam, m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n xu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn ai ai c\u0169ng nghe th\u1ea5y ti\u1ebfng th\u1ed5n th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i, c\u00e1i ng\u00e0y m\u00e0 ai c\u0169ng mu\u1ed1n chung vui c\u00f9ng b\u1ea1n b\u00e8, h\u1ecd h\u00e0ng th\u00e2n thu\u1ed9c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eeba m\u1edbi quen th\u00e2n. Ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i m \u00f9a xu\u00e2n v\u00e0 l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i m \u00f9a thu. N\u1ebfu n\u01a1i n\u00e0o m \u00f9a xu\u00e2n ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 d\u1ecbp t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u00ec m\u00f9a thu n h \u1ea5t l\u00e0 th\u00e1ng t\u00e1m l\u00e0 d\u1ecbp l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i t\u01b0ng b\u1eebng. Ng\u00e0y nay th\u00ec l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i quanh n\u0103m , \u0111\u1eb7c b i\u1ec7t l\u00e0 l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i l\u00fac xu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn, \u0111\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 v\u00ec m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n l\u00e0 m\u00f9a tr\u1ea9y h\u1ed9i, \u0111\u00f3n xu\u00e2n, tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 c\u1ed9i ngu\u1ed3n, n\u00eau cao l\u00f2ng bi\u1ebft \u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1eadc anh h\u00f9ng \u0111 \u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1c b\u1eadc th\u00e1nh hi\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ed9 cho \\\"ch\u00e2n c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1 m\u1ec1m\\\". N\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn m \u00f9a xu\u00e2n, ai c\u0169ng \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 m \u1ebfn y\u00eau v\u00ec m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n l\u00e0 m\u00f9a \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u00e2T trong n\u0103m , m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n tr\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea7y nh\u1ef1a s\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb trong t\u00e2m can con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt. M\u00f9a xu\u00e2n l\u00e0m rung \u0111\u1ed9ng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ea5y m\u00f9a 186","C\u1ed8I NGU\u1ed2N V\u00c0 B\u1ea2N S\u1eaeC V\u0102N H\u00d3A D\u00c2N T\u1ed8C VI\u1ec6T NAM xu\u00e2n l\u00e0m bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho c\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb9p v\u00ec n\u00f3 lu\u00f4n t\u1ecfa l\u00ean bi\u1ebft bao ni\u1ec1m hy v\u1ecdng. C\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb9p m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n v\u1ed1n h\u1ed3n nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9c m\u1ea1c, th\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n. Ai \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u0111i tr\u1ea9y h\u1ed9i m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n hay m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 nghe th\u00f4i c\u0169ng th\u1ea5y \u1ea5m l\u00f2ng v\u1edbi bao huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i, truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i d\u00e2n gian. L\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ef1 giao c\u1ea3m c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, th\u00e0nh t\u00e2m trong ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9 t\u00e2m linh. T h \u1eadt l\u00e0 l\u1ea1, v\u1eabn l\u00e0 c\u00e2y \u0111a, b\u1ebfn n\u01b0\u1edbc, con \u0111\u00f2 nh\u01b0ng b\u1ed7ng c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y v\u1eeba quen v\u1eeba l\u1ea1, v\u1eeba g\u1ea7n g\u0169i nh\u01b0ng r\u1ea5 t thi\u00eang li\u00eang. \u0110\u1ec1n ch\u00f9a, mi\u1ebfu m\u1ea1o tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh s\u1ee9c quy\u1ebfn r\u0169 kh\u00e1ch l\u1eef h \u00e0nh. Ai \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng say m\u00ea v\u1edbi c\u1edd t\u01b0\u1edbng, \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111u, \u0111\u00e1nh v\u1eadt, ch\u1ecdi g\u00e0 th\u1ed5i c\u01a1m... th\u00ec ch\u1eafc c\u1ea3m n h \u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta. Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i khi\u1ebfn cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 mu\u00f4n v\u01b0\u01a1n l\u00ean s\u1ee9c Ph\u00f9 \u0110\u1ed5ng, g\u00e1i tra i gi\u00e0 tr\u1ebb th \u00eam duy\u00ean d\u00e1ng. N\u00f3 b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 th \u00e1 i \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00f2a m \u00ecnh v\u00e0o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u0103n h\u00f3a chung gi\u1eefa con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 khu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 m \u00ecnh t\u1ef1 t\u00ecm l\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n th \u00e2n m\u00ecnh trong \u1ee9ng x\u1eed. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i kh\u00e1c. 187","C\u1ed8I NGU\u1ed2N V\u00c0 B\u1ea2N S\u1eaeC V\u0102N H\u00d3A D\u00c2N T\u1ed8C VI\u1ec6T NAM \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i n\u00e0o g\u00e2y \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m \u1ea1nh b\u1eb1ng l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00ecnh l\u00e0ng. \u0110\u00ecnh l\u00e0 dinh l\u0169y, l\u00e0 tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf, l\u00e0 m \u00e1i nh\u00e0 th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng \u00f4ng b\u00e0 ti\u00ean t\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a l\u00e0ng. \u0110\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu t\u1eeb l\u00e2u trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a n h \u00e2 n d\u00e2n ta. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, \u0111\u00ecnh l\u00e0 n\u01a1i d\u00e2n l\u00e0ng m\u1edf h\u1ed9i. L\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00ecnh l\u00e0ng bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng nh\u1ed9n nh\u1ecbp, t\u01b0ng b\u1eebng v\u1edbi c\u1edd bay p h \u1ea5 t ph\u1edbi, \u00e1o qu\u1ea7n r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i cu\u00f4\\\"n h \u00fa t m\u00ea say. H\u1ed9i \u0111\u00ecnh l\u00e0ng m ang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 g\u1eafn b\u00f3 \u0111o\u00e0n k \u1ebf t b\u00ean nhau c\u00f9ng h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ed9i, gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 nhau trong ho\u1ea1n n \u1ea1n kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 n \u00e9 t \u0111\u1eb9p v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i V i\u1ec7t N am trong h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00ecnh l\u00e0ng. N \u00e9t \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eafc ghi tr\u00ea n tr\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a. \u00c2n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ec1 gi\u1ed7 T\u1ed4 H\u00f9ng V\u01b0\u01a1ng, H\u1ed9i Ch\u00f9a H\u01b0\u01a1ng, H\u1ed9i Gi\u00f3ng, gi\u1ed7 tr\u1ead n \u0110\u00f4ng \u0110a, h\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ec1n Linh S\u01a1n T h\u00e1nh M\u1eabu v.v... v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m , h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i kh\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp n\u00f4l nhau nh\u01b0 n\u00f4d ti\u1ebfp m \u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a cao \u0111\u1eb9p, th\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o qu\u00ean. Trong hai cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebf qu\u00f4h M\u1ef9, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i c\u00f3 p h \u1ea7n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n th \u1eadm ch\u00ed h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u00f9a h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 b\u1ecb qu\u00ean l\u00e3ng v\u00ec t\u1eadp trung cho m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau : t\u1ea5 t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng. 188","C\u1ed8I NGU\u1ed2N V\u00c0 B\u1ea2N S\u1eaeC V\u00c0N H\u00d3A D\u00c0N T\u1ed8C VI\u1ec6T NAM Sau khi h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i, v\u0103n h\u00f3a l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi l\u00f2ng mong m\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n. \u0110i\u1ec1u d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1 n h kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng h i\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u0169 x\u01b0a m ang m \u00e0u s\u1eafc m\u00ea t\u00edn d\u1ecb \u0111oan \u1edf m \u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01a1i, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 \u0111em l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u0103n h\u00f3a truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1eadm ch\u1ea5t nh\u00e2n v\u0103n. L\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i n\u00f3i chung, l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n n\u00f3i ri\u00eang l\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th \u00e0n h m \u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng b\u1ed5 \u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi. T h\u1eadt v\u1eady, sau khi tham gia l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u \u0111em l\u1ea1i cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 s\u1ea3ng kho\u00e1i, l\u00e0m cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao \u0111\u1eb9p h\u01a1n, th\u00f4ng m inh h\u01a1n, th \u00e1 n h th i\u1ec7n h\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc nhi\u1ec1u. C\u0169ng ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3n ch\u1edd l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eafm m \u00ecnh v\u00e0o trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u0103n h\u00f3a l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i. 189","C\u1ea2M NH\u1eacN V\u0102N H\u00d3A TRONG TH\u1edcI K\u1ef2 \u0110 \u1ed5l M\u1edaI V\u0103n h\u00f3a l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 tri th\u1ee9c, v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n, l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u1edbi d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, v\u1edbi l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v \u1ead t ch \u1ea5t c\u00f3 th \u1ec3 n\u1eafm b \u1eaf t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e0i, mi\u1ebfu m\u1ea1o... v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb phi v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 n\u1ebfp s\u00f4ng, l\u1ed1i \u1ee9ng x\u1eed, giao ti\u1ebfp, h \u00e0n h vi \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v.v... n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean m\u00e0 c\u00f3, m \u00e0 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00fac k \u1ebf t qua cu\u1ed9c s\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u th \u1ebf h\u1ec7 trong m \u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i n h \u1ea5 t \u0111\u1ecbnh. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi v\u1eeba l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng v\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. \\\"V\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 \u0111\u1eb7c b i\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t huy nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi\\\".^^^ H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 5 Ban Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u00f3a VIII c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 ra Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft chuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 \\\"X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 p h \u00e1t tri\u1ec3 n (1) Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0110CSVN s\u1ecf' 09\/NQ\/TVV ng\u00e0y 18\/2\/1995. 190","C\u1ed8I NGU\u1ed2N V\u00c0 B\u1ea2N S\u1eaeC V\u0102N H\u00d3A D\u00c2N T\u1ed8C VI\u1ec6T NAM n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a Vi\u1ec7t Nam ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn, \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u00e0 b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c\\\". Trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u00fang ta nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c m \u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng : v\u0103n h\u00f3a kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh t\u1ebf m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 p h \u00e1 t tri\u1ec3n . V\u00ec v\u1eady, mu\u00f4n cho v\u0103n h\u00f3a p h \u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i gi\u1eef v\u1eefng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4\\\"ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u00e1i m\u1edbi. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, mu\u00f4\\\"n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m \u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a ti\u00ea n ti\u1ebf n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng giao l\u01b0u h\u1ed9i n h\u1eadp v\u1edbi th \u1ebf gi\u1edbi, ti\u1ebfp thu m \u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng tin h hoa c\u1ee7a v \u0103n h\u00f3a n h \u00e2 n lo\u1ea1i. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 gi\u1eef g\u00ecn v\u00e0 p h \u00e1t huy v\u0103n h\u00f3a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc v\u0103n h\u00f3a d \u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u00f3 m \u1ed9t t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1eb7c b i\u1ec7t v\u00ec r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ec3 m \u1ea5t v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc v\u0103n h\u00f3a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c th\u00ec d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ch\u1ec9 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn suy vong. \\\"Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng chung c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u0103n h\u00f3a n\u01b0\u1edbc ta l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t huy ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111o\u00e0n k \u1ebft d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, \u00fd th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7, t\u1ef1 c\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a Vi\u1ec7t Nam ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn, \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u00e0 b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, ti\u1ebfp th\u1ee5 191","C\u1ed8I NGU\u1ed2N V\u00c0 B\u1ea2N S\u1eaeC V\u00c3N H\u00d3A D\u00c1N T\u1ed8C VI\u1ec6T NAM tinh hoa v\u0103n h\u00f3a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, l\u00e0m cho v\u0103n h\u00f3a th\u1ea5m s\u00e2u v\u00e0o to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 h o \u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, v\u00e0o t\u1eebng ng\u01b0\u1eddi, t\u1eebng gia \u0111\u00ecnh, t\u1eebng t\u1eadp th\u1ebf' v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n d\u00e2n c\u01b0, v\u00e0o m\u1ecdi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c sinh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 quan h\u1ec7 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, t\u1ea1o ra tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ta \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng tin h th \u1ea7 n cao \u0111\u1eb9p, tr\u00ecn h \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e2n tr\u00ed cao, khoa h\u1ecdc p h \u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1eafc l\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a, hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a v\u00ec m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau d\u00e2n gi\u00e0u, n\u01b0\u1edbc m \u1ea1nh, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng, v\u00e3n m inh, ti\u1ebfn b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc l\u00ean ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i\\\"\/^^ R\u00f5 r\u00e0n g \u0111 \u1ea5 t n\u01b0\u1edbc ta \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eadn h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi, nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u0103n h\u00f3a l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi \u0111ang g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi. Ng\u00e0y nay h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp c\u00f9ng xu th \u1ebf \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi m\u1edf c\u1eeda giao l\u01b0u h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi th \u1ebf gi\u1edbi tr\u00ean b\u00ecnh di\u1ec7n \u0111a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00f3a, \u0111a d\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a m\u1ecdi m \u1eb7t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi s\u00f4ng kinh t\u1ebf, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u1ea5 t nhi\u1ec1u. T\u1eeb c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn cho \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c th\u1ee5 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 r\u1ea5 t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p , \u0111an xen gi\u1eefa c\u00e1i t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c v\u1edbi m \u1ed9t th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1 n g \u0111\u00e1ng lo ng\u1ea1i. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd, trong t\u1ea7 n g l\u1edbp th an h thi\u1ebfu n i\u00ean c\u00f3 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 (1) Theo NQ TW 5 kh\u00f3a VIII. 192","C\u1ed8I NGU\u1ed2N V\u00c0 B\u1ea2N S\u1eaeC V\u0102N H\u00d3A D\u00c2N T\u1ed8C VI\u1ec6T NAM c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn c\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb9p qua c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i m\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. Ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn tinh hoa v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m \u1eb7 t t\u00edch c\u1ef1c nh\u01b0ng kh\u1ed1n n\u1ed7i h\u1ecd d\u1eadp khu\u00f4n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc v\u0103n h\u00f3a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 : khi\u00eau v\u0169 l\u00e0 m \u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a r\u1ea5 t v\u0103n h\u00f3a th\u00ec h\u1ecd l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng khi\u00eau v\u0169 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ecfa m \u00e3n th\u00fa t\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, ho\u1eb7c ca h \u00e1t th\u00ec la h \u00e9t om s\u00f2m, \u0103n m\u1eb7c th\u00ec h\u1edf hang, kh\u00eau g\u1ee3i, m\u1eb7c \u00e1o kh\u00f4ng ra \u00e1o, qu\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng ra qu\u1ea7n. Th\u1eddi trang ki\u1ec3u \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng th \u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p n h \u1eadn trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 v\u0103n h\u00f3a lai c\u0103ng ch\u1ea1y theo th\u1ecb hi\u1ebfu t\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng, m \u1ea5 t g\u1ed1c. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m \u1eb7t ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c. N h\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u h i\u1ec7n ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m m \u1ea5t \u0111i b \u1ea3 n s\u1eafc v\u0103n h\u00f3a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m \u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu ph\u00e1t sinh bao t\u1ec7 n\u1ea1n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i (ma t\u00fay, m \u1ea1i d\u00e2m, b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c, t\u1ed9i \u00e1c...), \u1edb \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i th\u00eam con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng du nh\u1eadp s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n h\u00f3a ngo\u00e0i lu\u1ed3ng qua b\u0103ng t\u1eeb, phim \u1ea3nh, \u0111\u0129a, s\u00e1ch b\u00e1o v.v... th \u1ead t tai h\u1ea1i kh\u00f4n l\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 di h\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf cho x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \\\"b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7\\\" xem b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc v\u0103n h\u00f3a d\u00e2n 193","C\u1ed8I NGU\u1ed2N V\u00c0 B\u1ea2N S\u1eaeC V\u00c3N H\u00d3A D\u00c2N T\u1ed8C VI\u1ec6T NAM t\u1ed9c l\u00e0 b \u1ea5 t di b \u1ea5 t d\u1ecbch, l\u00e0 c\u00e1i b \u1ea5 t bi\u1ebfn. Ch\u00fang ta r\u1ea5 t c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed5 sung c\u00e1i hay c\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m hay h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1eb9p th \u00eam trong cu\u1ed9c s\u00f4ng nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng ti\u1ebfc l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd tr\u00ean m \u1eb7t tr\u1ead n v\u0103n h\u00f3a t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng thi\u1ebfu hay n\u00f3i \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec3 th an h n i\u00ean c\u00f3 th \u1ecb hi\u1ebfu \u0111\u00fang trong h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee5 v\u0103n h\u00f3a. X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh V i\u1ec7t Nam r \u1ea5 t lo l\u1eafng khi l\u1edbp tr\u1ebb \u0111ang l\u1edbn l\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y mu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00f3a v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady m \u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u1edf l\u1edbp tr\u1ebb ph\u1ea3i th \u1ec3 h i\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng h \u00e0 n h \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee5 th \u1ec3 trong l\u1eddi n\u00f3i, ti\u1ebfn g ca, c\u00e2u h \u00e1 t, trong c\u01b0 x\u1eed, trong c\u00e1ch trang ph\u1ee5c; b\u1eb1ng t\u00e1c phong, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 l\u00f4d s\u00f4ng h \u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 c\u00e1i hay, c\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb9p, c\u00e1i t\u00f4T, ph\u00ea p h\u00e1n c\u00e1i x\u1ea5u, c\u00e1i sai, p h \u00e1 t huy t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p, \u0111\u1ec1 cao c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n h \u00e2n v\u0103n. Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, nh\u1eefng quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m \u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, \u0111\u1eb7c b i\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u00f4\u00ec quan h\u1ec7 gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n. N\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng bung ra l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n l\u00e0m b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t c\u00e1c quan h\u1ec7 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, khu\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c quan h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, l\u00e0m r\u1ea1n n\u1ee9t th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0m tan v\u1ee1 c\u1ea3 l\u00f4i s\u00f4ng 194","C\u1ed8I NGU\u1ed2N V\u00c0 B\u1ea2N S\u1eaeC V\u0102N H\u00d3A D\u00c2N T\u1ed8C VI\u1ec6T NAM l\u00e0nh m \u1ea1nh, trong s\u00e1ng trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. C\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u00edt k\u1ebb xem nh\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd th \u1ead m ch\u00ed s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng b \u00e1n r\u1ebb l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n, coi \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1 n l\u00e0 tr\u00ea n h\u1ebft, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft. v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eb7t ra l\u00e0 l\u00e0m sao h\u1ed9i n h \u1eadp v\u1edbi n \u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th \u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng m \u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 b\u1ea3n l\u0129nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 h\u00f2a tan c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0nh m \u1ea1nh t\u1eeb v\u0103n h\u00f3a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h \u1ebf t ta ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 n h \u1ead n th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn, ph\u00e2n b i\u1ec7 t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3i tr\u00e1 i, c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c gi\u1eef g\u00ecn v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i l\u1edbp tr\u1ebb c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng, gi\u1eef g\u00ecn v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t huy nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. B\u1edfi l\u1ebd v\u0103n h\u00f3a t\u1ef1 b\u1ea3n th \u00e2n n\u00f3 bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng m ang b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. N\u00f3i d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c l\u00e0 n\u00f3i v\u0103n h\u00f3a, n\u00f3i v\u0103n h\u00f3a l\u00e0 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. M\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1eb1m x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 p h \u00e1 t tri\u1ec3 n m \u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a ti\u00ea n ti\u1ebfn. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u0103n m inh tin h th \u1ea7 n \u1edf tr\u00ecn h \u0111\u1ed9 cao, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ho\u00e0 quy\u1ec7n l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t v\u1edbi tin h hoa c\u1ee7a th \u1ebf gi\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. 195","C\u1ed8I NGU\u1ed2N V\u00c0 B\u1ea2N S\u1eaeC V\u0102N H\u00d3A D\u00c2N T\u1ed8C VI\u1ec6T NAM V\u0103n h\u00f3a \u1edf trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi \u0111ang \u1edf gi\u1eefa kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1eddi trong s\u00e1ng tr\u1ea3i r\u1ed9ng bao la, tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi t\u1ea1o ra bao v\u1eadn h\u1ed9i cho d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c s\u00f4ng v\u1edbi nh\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ed9 anh h\u00f9ng. V\u0103n h\u00f3a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m \u1eb7t tr\u1eadn, l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, v\u1eeba x\u00e2y v\u1eeba ch\u1ed1ng, l\u1ea5y x\u00e2y l\u00e0m ch\u00ednh. C\u00e1ch m \u1ea1ng l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n d\u00e2n. N h\u00e2n d\u00e2n s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ra v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee5 v\u0103n h\u00f3a. V\u0103n h\u00f3a trong \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n \u1ea1n suy tho\u00e1i \u0111ang h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, ph\u1ea3i p h \u00e1 t huy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc v\u0103n h\u00f3a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, k h \u1eb3n g \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam. T\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c then ch\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7n nay. 196","M\u1ee4C L\u1ee4C Trang S\u01a1 l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 n g u \u1ed3 n g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t N am 7 T ruy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft v\u00e0 huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i H \u00f9ng V\u01b0\u01a1ng 32 1. H \u1ecd H \u00f4 n g B \u00e0 n g 32 2. S\u01a1n T inh - Th\u1ee7y Tinh 38 3. B \u00e1nh ch\u01b0ng, b \u00e1nh d\u00e2y 42 4. C\u00e2y cau 45 5. D\u01b0a h\u1ea5u 47 6. C h\u1eed \u0110 \u1ed3ng T\u1eed 50 7. P h\u00f9 \u0110 \u1ed5ng T h i\u00ean V \u01b0\u01a1ng 55 8. H \u00f9ng V\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111\u00f4 61 9. S\u01a1n T inh \u0111 \u00e1n h gi\u1eb7c 64 10. S\u01a1n T inh d\u1ea1y d\u00e2n s\u0103n b\u1eafn 69 11. S\u01a1n T inh l\u00e0m l\u1eeda 70 12. S\u01a1n T inh c\u00f9ng d\u00e2n \u0111 \u00e1nh c\u00e1 72 13. S\u01a1n T inh g \u00e1n h \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ecb th\u1ee7y 74 14. Vua H \u00f9ng \u0111i s\u0103n 76 15. H \u1ea1t l\u00faa th \u1ea7n 78 16. Vua H \u00f9ng d\u1ea1y d\u00e2n c\u1ea5y l\u00faa 82 17. D\u1ea1y d\u00e2n d\u1ec7t l\u1ee5a 84 18. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi con g\u00e1i n\u00fai T am \u0110\u1ea3o 86 197","19. Ng\u01b0 tinh 91 20. H\u00f4 tinh 93 21. M\u1ed9c tinh 97 22. Loa th\u00e0nh 103 23. M\u1ef5 Ch\u00e2u - Tr\u1ecdng Th\u1ee7y 108 24. An D \u01b0\u01a1ng V \u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1eadp c\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1 th\u1ec1 III. H \u01b0 \u1edb ng v\u00ea c\u1ed9i n g u \u1ed3 n d \u00e2 n t\u1ed9c. 111 1. \u0110 \u1eb7c \u0111 i\u1ec3 m q u \u00fd b \u00e1 u n h \u1ea5 t - k h \u1ed1 i \u0111\u1ea1i d o \u00e0 n k \u1ebf t d \u00e2 n t\u1ed9 c 111 2. Ng\u00e0y 1 0 -3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n giao b \u1eb1n g th \u1ee9 ng \u00f4 n n g \u1eef huy\u00ean di\u1ec7u : Qu\u1ed1c T\u1ed5 116 3. Gi\u1ed7 T\u1ed5 H \u00f9 n g V \u01b0\u01a1ng, ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7 a m \u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi V i\u1ec7t N am \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi ghi nh\u1edb 122 4. Ti\u1ebfng g\u1ecdi v\u00ea c\u1ee7a h\u1ed3n thi\u00eang s\u00f4ng n\u00fai 125 5. T \u00eat \u0110 oan n g\u1ecd (5 -5 \u00e2l) b \u1eaf t n g u \u1ed3 n t\u1eeb \u0111 \u00e2u 131 6. N \u00ean v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u1edbi ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac x\u01b0a 136 7. N \u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a qua ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fa c th\u1eddi N h\u00e0 L\u00fd 146 8. C\u1ed9i n g u \u1ed3 n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc v\u0103n h \u00f3 a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t N am trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. 151 9. \u0110\u00f3n T\u1ebft T m ng thu, nh\u1edb B\u00e1c H\u1ed3 163 10. N i\u00eam t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c 167 11. T niy\u1ec1n th \u1ed1 n g n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp tm y \u00ean th\u1ed1 n g 171 12. H \u01b0\u1edbng v\u00ea \u0110 \u00ean H \u00f9ng - qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea5t T\u1ed5 174 13. B \u1ea3n s\u1eafc v\u0103n h\u00f3 a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c - n\u1ed9i l\u1ef1c p h \u00e1t tri\u1ec3 n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i 180 14. V \u0103n h \u00f3 a l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i m \u00f9 a x u \u00e2n 185 15. C\u1ea3m n h \u1eadn v\u0103n h\u00f3a tro n g th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ed5i m \u1edbi 190 198","\u1ec2 \u00ed\u00ec\/ig: \u1ea1 \u1ec8j\u20ac L \u0111 \u00e3 dPu\u1ea5t b i\u01b0 i T\u1eea \u0110I\u1ec2N X\u00c2 H\u1ed8I H\u1eccC NXB Khoa h\u1ecdc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, H. 2003, 500 tr. L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec X\u1ea2 H\u1ed8I H\u1eccC NXB Khoa h\u1ecdc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, H. 2002, 240 tr. H\u01af\u1edaNG V\u1ec0 CON NG\u01af\u1edcI V\u1ec0 X\u1ea2 H\u1ed8I T\u01af\u01a0NG LAI NXB Thanh ni\u00ean, H. 2003, 200 tr.","C\u1ed8I NGU\u1ed2N V\u00c0 B\u1ea2N S\u1eaeC V\u0102N H\u00d3A D\u00c2N T\u1ed8C VI\u1ec6T NAM THANH L\u1eba (S\u01b0u t\u1ea7m - bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n) Ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n: TS. VI QUANG TH\u1ecc Bi\u00ean t\u1eadp: TUY\u1ebeT TH\u1ea2O S\u1eeda b\u1ea3n in: PH\u01af\u1ee2NG LINH Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y bia: NG\u00d4 TRONG HI\u1ec2N In 1.000 cu\u00f4\\\"n, kh\u1ed5 13xl9cm, t\u1ea1i X\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p in Nguy\u1ec5n Minh Ho\u00e0ng. \u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 : 100 L\u00ea \u0110\u1ea1i H\u00e0nh, P.7, Q .ll, TP. HCM. \u0110T : 8555812. E-mail : [email protected]. Gi\u00e2y ch\u00e2'p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n s\u00f4' 477\/CXB c\u1ea5p ng\u00e0y 19-4-2004. In xong v\u00e0 n\u1ed9p l\u01b0u chi\u1ec3u n\u00e0m 2004."]
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