SachMoi.Net_Vu-Trung-Tuy-But

["v\u00e0 c\u00e2u: \u0110\u1eb9p nh\u01b0 Y\u1ebft C\u1eadt th\u1eeba h\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u00e1t, Gi\u1eadn th\u00e1c Linh Qu\u00e2n v\u1eb3ng \u0111i\u1ec7u th\u01a1. Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u th\u01a1 \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Thi\u00ean Tr\u00ec th\u01b0\u1edfng gi\u00e1m c\u1ea3. _______ (1) B\u1ea1n vong ni\u00ean l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n ch\u01a1i v\u1edbi nhau kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 tu\u1ed5i t\u00e1c. (2) B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch vi\u1ebft l\u00e0 T\u01b0\u1eddng T\u00e2n. (3) B\u00e0i Chuy\u1ec7n c\u0169 trong ph\u1ee7 ch\u00faa Tr\u1ecbnh l\u1ea1i n\u00f3i \u1edf ph\u01b0\u1eddng H\u00e0 Kh\u1ea9u (H\u00e0ng Bu\u1ed3m). (4) Lan x\u00e3 l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m th\u01b0\u1edfng lan.","\u0110\u01af\u1edcNG S\u0128 HO\u1ea0N L\u1ec7 c\u0169, c\u1ee9 con nh\u00e0 h\u00e1t x\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o nh\u00e0 h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7u, thi \u0111\u1ed7 ra l\u00e0m quan. Ti\u1ebfc r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho k\u1ebb tu\u1ea5n d\u1ecb ti\u1ebfn th\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ec3 thu l\u1ea5y nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i xu\u1ea5t ch\u00fang. T\u1eeb khi L\u1ed9c Kh\u00ea H\u1ea7u (\u0110\u00e0o Duy T\u1eeb) l\u00e0 con nh\u00e0 h\u00e1t x\u01b0\u1edbng, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ra thi, m\u1edbi l\u1ebbn v\u00e0o gi\u00fap ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n \u1edf trong Nam, b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ef1 m\u1edbi h\u1ed1i r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1i c\u00e1ch t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng r\u1ed9ng. Nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a c\u00f4ng nhi\u00ean b\u00e3i b\u1ecf l\u1ec7 c\u0169. T\u1eeb khi b\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c m\u1eabu, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u01b0 Kinh, l\u00e0 k\u1ebb h\u00e1t x\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o cung h\u1ea7u T\u1ea5n Quang V\u01b0\u01a1ng (1), sinh ra Tr\u1ecbnh Nh\u00e2n V\u01b0\u01a1ng (Tr\u1ecbnh C\u01b0\u01a1ng); Bi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edfng cung, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00c1 L\u1eef, sau l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eafc s\u1ee7ng v\u1edbi Nh\u00e2n V\u01b0\u01a1ng, n\u00ean c\u00e1c h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o ph\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ec3 b\u1eb1ng h\u00e0ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ecd nh\u00e0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng gia. Sau n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c h\u1ecd nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i khoa hi\u1ec3n ho\u1ea1n c\u0169ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi do gi\u00f2ng h\u1ecd h\u00e1t x\u01b0\u1edbng m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea1t l\u00ean, n\u00ean nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb s\u0129 phu c\u00f9ng h\u1ecd giao du t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, r\u1ed3i nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 h\u00e1t x\u01b0\u1edbng c\u0169ng qu\u00ean h\u1eb3n th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 nh\u00e0 m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e2u m\u00e0 ra. Xem \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec bi\u1ebft th\u1ebf v\u1eadn phong t\u1ee5c m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1c. _______ (1) Con Tr\u1ecbnh C\u0103n.","\u0110\u00c0N N\u01b0\u1edbc ta c\u00f3 th\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e0n \u0111\u00e1y v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0n tranh \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1ea3y b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng t\u01a1. \u0110\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n ti\u1ebfng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0: t\u00ednh, t\u1ec9nh, t\u00ecnh, tinh, l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eb7t th\u00eam ba ti\u1ebfng ph\u1ee5 l\u00e0 : tung, tang, t\u00e0ng; b\u1ea3y ti\u1ebfng \u1ea5y thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 kh\u00e1ch m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ra xoang \u0111i\u1ec7u. \u0110\u1eddi g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y m\u1edbi chu\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e0n nguy\u1ec7t, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 h\u1ed3 c\u1ea7m \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ed5, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0n Nguy\u1ec5n C\u1ea7m (b\u1edfi \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n H\u00e0m \u0111\u1eddi nh\u00e0 T\u1ea5n \u0111\u1eb7t ra), g\u1ea3y th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfng : x\u1eeb, xang, h\u1ed3, x\u1ebf, c\u1ed1ng, l\u01b0u, \u00fa , x\u00e1ng; nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfng \u1ea5y ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi b\u1ea3y thanh, m\u01b0\u1eddi hai lu\u1eadt, \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf trong s\u00e1ch C\u1eedu phong t\u00e2n nh\u1ea1c th\u01b0. Song nam b\u1eafc, phong th\u1ed5 m\u1ed7i n\u01a1i m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1c, n\u00ean \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft g\u1ea9y cho hay. Kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m C\u1ea3nh H\u01b0ng (1740 - 1786) c\u00f3 quan N\u1ed9i \u0111i\u1ec7n cung ph\u1ee5ng qu\u1ea3n ti\u00ean h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ed9i l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u00ecnh D\u1ecbch, m\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i ra theo ti\u1ebfng nam, nghe c\u0169ng hay. Nh\u01b0ng ti\u1ebfng trong, ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ee5c l\u1eabn l\u1ed9n, ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 xoang \u0111i\u1ec7u g\u00ec c\u1ea3. \u00d4ng V\u0169 Chi \u0110\u1ed3ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0ng An Th\u00e1i, c\u0169ng th\u00edch ch\u01a1i \u0111\u00e0n nguy\u1ec7t, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ecdc \u0111i\u1ec7u Trung Hoa, bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfng, c\u00e1c b\u1eadc, r\u1ed3i g\u1ea9y ra ti\u1ebfng ta, v\u00e0 xen th\u00eam c\u00e1c b\u00e0i \u0111\u00e0n \u0111\u00e1y, \u0111\u00e0n nguy\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ta, ti\u1ebfng r\u1eafn, ti\u1ebfng m\u1ec1m d\u1ecbu d\u00e0ng h\u1ee3p nhau, b\u1ee5ng ngh\u0129 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, tay g\u1ea9y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ebf \u1ea5y. M\u1edbi bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 thanh \u00e2m, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ee9 n\u00e0o l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.","C\u00c1 VOI \u00d4ng Nguy\u1ec5n T\u00f4ng Tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m \u0110\u1ed1c th\u1ecb t\u1ec9nh Ngh\u1ec7 An, l\u00fac m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eadm ch\u1ee9c, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t con c\u00e1 voi ch\u1ebft \u1edf b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n, d\u00e0i h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m th\u01b0\u1edbc, b\u1ec1 ngang c\u0169ng ch\u1eebng b\u1ea5y nhi\u00eau, quan \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00ean tr\u00ecnh \u00f4ng bi\u1ebft. \u00d4ng li\u1ec1n c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng li\u00eau \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i l\u00e0m b\u00e0i v\u0103n t\u1ebf. V\u00e0i n\u0103m sau, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u1eed, dung m\u1ea1o \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ebd, \u0111\u1ed9 m\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u1eddi l\u0103m tu\u1ed5i, m\u1eb7c \u00e1o h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2, \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1eeda nha m\u00f4n h\u1ecfi th\u0103m anh Nguy\u1ec5n T\u00f4ng Tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 \u1edf trong nh\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi canh c\u1eeda \u0111u\u1ed5i \u0111i, m\u1eafng: \\\"\u0110\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb con n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 d\u00e1m n\u00f3i h\u1ed7n \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1edfng quan, kh\u00f4ng \u0111i ngay th\u00ec ta \u0111\u00e1nh cho b\u00e2y gi\u1edd!\\\". Li\u1ec1n r\u0169 tay \u00e1o, c\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 r\u1eb1ng: \\\"Ta nh\u1edb b\u1ea1n c\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n n\u00ean ch\u1eb3ng qu\u1ea3n xa x\u00f4i \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ecfi th\u0103m, kh\u00f4ng g\u1eb7p th\u00ec ta \u0111i, l\u00e0m g\u00ec m\u00e0 hung h\u0103ng th\u1ebf!\\\". Ng\u01b0\u1eddi canh c\u1eeda l\u1ea5y l\u00e0m l\u1ea1, li\u1ec1n v\u00e0o b\u1ea9m quan. \u00d4ng Tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9nh t\u1ec1 \u00e1o m\u0169, nghi\u00eam trang ra \u0111\u00f3n, th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i xa r\u1ed3i. \u00d4ng li\u1ec1n sai k\u1ebb nha d\u1ecbch ch\u1ea1y theo, c\u1ed1 m\u1eddi tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i. V\u00e0o ng\u1ed3i y\u00ean \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u1ea5y, \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u1eed c\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o \u00f4ng r\u1eb1ng: \\\"B\u1ea5y l\u00e2u c\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t, v\u1eabn nh\u1edb huynh \u00f4ng, m\u00e0 huynh \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n \u01b0?\\\". \u00d4ng t\u1eeb t\u1ea1, r\u1ed3i b\u00e0y r\u01b0\u1ee3u ng\u1ed3i n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n. \u0110\u1ed3ng t\u1eed b\u00f9i ng\u00f9i n\u00f3i: \\\"T\u00f4i v\u1edbi anh \u0111\u1ec1u \u1edf tr\u00ean thi\u00ean t\u00e0o b\u1ecb tr\u00edch gi\u00e1ng. Anh th\u00ec sinh ra tr\u00ean c\u00f5i \u0111\u1eddi, l\u00e0m n\u00ean khoa gi\u00e1p, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t c\u00e1i b\u1ea3n lai di\u1ec7n m\u1ee5c (1). Kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i b\u1ecb khi\u1ec3n tr\u00e1ch, sinh ra l\u00e0m lo\u00e0i c\u1ea7m ng\u01b0, \u1edf trong \u0111\u00e1m b\u1ee5i h\u1ed3ng b\u1ec3 kh\u1ed5, ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m cho \u0111\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00eam bu\u1ed3n b\u00e3 m\u00e0 th\u00f4i\\\". H\u1ecfi k\u1ef9 th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u1eed k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng: \\\"T\u00f4i l\u00fac m\u1edbi b\u1ecb tr\u00edch xu\u1ed1ng th\u00ec l\u00e0m chim khi\u1ebfu, tinh kh\u00f4n m\u00e0 h\u00f3t hay, g\u1eb7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c anh ch\u00e0ng \u0103n ch\u01a1i \u1edf ch\u1ed1n \u0111\u00f4 th\u00e0nh b\u1ecf ra m\u00f3n ti\u1ec1n l\u1edbn mua v\u1ec1, s\u1edbm t\u1ed1i l\u00e0m c\u1ea3nh, v\u00ed nh\u01b0 ng\u1ecdc c\u1ee7ng b\u00edch (2). Ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn h\u01a1n m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m, l\u1eafm l\u00fac mu\u1ed1n l\u1ed9t b\u1ecf da l\u00f4ng m\u00e0 th\u00e1c \u0111i cho r\u1ed3i. Song ngh\u0129 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u01b0u k\u1ebf g\u00ec. M\u1ed9t b\u1eefa kia, s\u1ed5 l\u1ed3ng bay ra. Khi \u1ea5y, ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e2n \u0111ang pha ch\u00e8 \u0111\u00e3i kh\u00e1ch, \u00e2m chuy\u00ean ch\u00e9n m\u1eabu tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m b\u1ea1c. T\u00f4i bay l\u00ean ch\u1ed7 chi\u1ebfu kh\u00e1ch ng\u1ed3i, nh\u1ea3y nh\u00f3t, sa ngay v\u00e0o b\u1ed9 ch\u00e9n, v\u1ee1 tan. Ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e2n n\u1ed5i gi\u1eadn l\u1ea5y xe \u0111i\u1ebfu \u0111\u1eadp ch\u1ebft. Song Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebf b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i b\u1ecb tr\u00edch gi\u00e1ng ch\u01b0a m\u00e3n h\u1ea1n, n\u00ean l\u1ea1i xu\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m ki\u1ebfp c\u00e1 voi. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ba n\u0103m, t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 m\u00e0 t\u1ee9c gi\u1eadn nh\u1ee5c nh\u1eb1n, m\u1edbi nh\u00e2n th\u1ee7y tr\u00e0o ngoi l\u00ean b\u1edd n\u1eb1m ph\u01a1i v\u00e2y ra \u0111\u1ea5y m\u00e0 ch\u1ebft. Khi \u1ea5y, anh c\u0169ng b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed3ng li\u00eau \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m, l\u00e0m v\u0103n t\u1ebf t\u00f4i; hi\u1ec1m r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng u hi\u1ec3n kh\u00e1c nhau, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f9ng nhau n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n. \u0110\u1ebfn khi \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i v\u0103n t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a anh, th\u00ec nghe ra linh c\u01a1 di\u1ec7u t\u1ee9 r\u1ea5t hay. Nay nh\u1edd Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebf cho m\u00e3n h\u1ea1n tr\u00edch gi\u00e1ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o n\u01a1i hang n\u00fai tu h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i b\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u0169. T\u00f4i s\u1eafp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea7u Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u1ebf, n\u00ean l\u1ea1i ch\u01a1i c\u00e1o bi\u1ebft v\u1edbi c\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n; ng\u00e0y kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eb7p nhau \u1edf n\u01a1i t\u1eed ph\u1ee7 thanh \u0111\u00f4 (3), c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng bao l\u00e2u n\u1eefa\\\". \u00d4ng nh\u00e2n m\u1eddi ngh\u1ec9 l\u1ea1i ch\u01a1i, h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh sau n\u00e0y th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, th\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9. S\u1edbm h\u00f4m sau, \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u1eed c\u00e1o bi\u1ec7t ra \u0111i, \u00f4ng ch\u1ec9nh t\u1ec1 kh\u0103n \u00e1o, ti\u1ec5n kh\u1ecfi c\u1eeda, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e2u n\u1eefa. Ch\u1eb3ng bao l\u00e2u sau, \u00f4ng c\u0169ng m\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i ch\u1ee9c. _______ (1) B\u1ea3n lai di\u1ec7n m\u1ee5c, \u00fd n\u00f3i v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i di\u1ec7n m\u1ea1o c\u0169 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. (2) C\u1ee7ng ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 v\u1ed1c tay, c\u1ee7ng b\u00edch l\u00e0 h\u1ea1t ng\u1ecdc b\u00edch to b\u1eb1ng v\u1ed1c tay, \u00fd n\u00f3i qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 l\u1eafm. (3) T\u1eed ph\u1ee7 thanh \u0111\u00f4 l\u00e0 ch\u1ed1n cung \u0111\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebf.","M\u1ea4Y N\u0102M \u0110\u01af\u1ee2C M\u00d9A N\u0103m Gi\u00e1p Ng\u1ecd (1774) \u0111\u1eddi C\u1ea3nh H\u01b0ng, \u0111\u1ea5ng Ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i phu ta t\u1eeb Tu\u1ea7n ph\u1ee7 S\u01a1n T\u00e2y c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 \u1edf ph\u01b0\u1eddng H\u00e0 Kh\u1ea9u (H\u00e0ng Bu\u1ed3m). Khi \u1ea5y thi\u00ean h\u1ea1 th\u00e1i b\u00ecnh, m\u1ea5y n\u0103m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f9a li\u1ec1n, c\u00e1c c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a, v\u1eadt gi\u00e1 r\u1ea5t r\u1ebb, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng k\u1ebdm hai c\u00e1i k\u1eb9o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng; m\u00e0 hai b\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e8 t\u01b0\u01a1i, hai mi\u1ebfng tr\u1ea7u cau, gi\u00e1 c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng k\u1ebdm. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1t l\u1eafm, th\u00ec l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng k\u1ebdm mua m\u1ed9t b\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e8 t\u01b0\u01a1i v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t mi\u1ebfng tr\u1ea7u; b\u00e1nh \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u00e2m c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed3ng. Ai v\u00e0o h\u00e0ng c\u01a1m, t\u00f9y th\u00edch \u0103n no h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c, ch\u1ec9 m\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng k\u1ebdm m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.","TR\u1ed8M C\u1eaeP Ph\u01b0\u1eddng Di\u00ean H\u01b0ng (H\u00e0ng Ngang) v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ed3ng L\u1ea1c (H\u00e0ng \u0110\u00e0o) l\u00e0 n\u01a1i ph\u1ed1 h\u00e0ng \u00e1o, b\u00e1n c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 t\u01a1 l\u1ee5a v\u00f3c nhi\u1ec5u r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. Phi\u00ean ch\u1ee3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y: m\u1ed3ng m\u1ed9t, m\u1ed3ng s\u00e1u, m\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t, m\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ed1n, r\u1eb1m, hai m\u01b0\u01a1i m\u1ed1t, hai m\u01b0\u01a1i s\u00e1u, ba m\u01b0\u01a1i. Phi\u00ean ch\u1ee3 ph\u01b0\u1eddng B\u1ea1ch M\u00e3 (H\u00e0ng Bu\u1ed3m) c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7 bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n r\u1ea5t huy\u00ean n\u00e1o. Nh\u1eefng qu\u00e2n tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp hay th\u1eeba c\u01a1 c\u01b0\u1edbp gi\u1eadt, c\u00f3 khi th\u00f2 tay v\u00e0o t\u00fai ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta m\u00f3c l\u1ea5y h\u1ebft c\u1ea3. C\u00f3 khi ch\u00fang c\u1ed1 \u00fd l\u00e0m cho \u1ed3n \u00e0o, \u0111\u1ed5 x\u00f4 nhau m\u00e0 ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1ed3i c\u1eafp b\u1ecdc \u00e1o ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta, ho\u1eb7c khu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a. C\u00f3 khi ch\u00fang huy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 voi l\u1ed3ng ng\u1ef1a s\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee3 b\u00faa v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00f4 nhau ch\u1ea1y, h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt v\u1ee9t b\u1eeba b\u00e3i; l\u00fac bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 ch\u00fang huy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n l\u00e1o th\u00ec qu\u00e2n k\u1ebb c\u1eafp \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ed7ng h\u1ebft c\u1ea3 r\u1ed3i. M\u1ed9t h\u00f4m, \u1edf ph\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u00f4ng C\u00e1c (H\u00e0ng B\u1ea1c) c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0 l\u1edbn \u0111i v\u00f5ng m\u00e0nh m\u00e0nh c\u00e1nh s\u00e1o, \u0111\u1ea7y t\u1edb l\u00ednh h\u1ea7u r\u1eadm r\u1ecbch, \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1eeda m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng b\u1ea1c, truy\u1ec1n th\u1ecb t\u1ef3 d\u1eebng v\u00f5ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecfi mua m\u1ea5y ch\u1ee5c n\u00e9n b\u1ea1c. M\u00e0 c\u1ea3 gi\u00e1 ch\u01b0a xong, b\u00e0 l\u1edbn ng\u1ed3i tr\u00ean v\u00f5ng truy\u1ec1n v\u00fa gi\u00e0 h\u00e3y c\u1ea7m ch\u1ee5c n\u00e9n b\u1ea1c \u0111em v\u1ec1 dinh, tr\u00ecnh quan l\u1edbn xem qua, s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1. Ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1edd g\u00ec. M\u1ed9t l\u00e1t, th\u1ecb t\u00ec v\u00e0 l\u00ednh h\u1ea7u l\u1ebbn d\u1ea7n \u0111i h\u1ebft, hai t\u00ean l\u00ednh khi\u00eang v\u00f5ng c\u0169ng c\u00fat m\u1ea5t. Tr\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ea7n t\u1ed1i, ch\u1edd m\u00e3i ch\u1eb3ng th\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00fa gi\u00e0 c\u1ea7m b\u1ea1c tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i, nh\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00f5ng h\u1ecfi b\u00e0 l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f2i b\u1ea1c. M\u1edf m\u00e0nh m\u00e0nh xem th\u00ec t\u00e9 ra l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5 l\u00e3o \u0103n m\u00e0y, m\u00f9 c\u1ea3 hai m\u00e1t, m\u1eb7c \u00e1o nhi\u1ec5u \u0111i\u1ec1u, ng\u1ed3i ch\u1ec5m ch\u1ec7 trong v\u00f5ng, m\u01a1 m\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft n\u00f3i ra sao. Nh\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 cho \u0111i t\u00ecm h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n th\u1ea5y t\u0103m h\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2u c\u1ea3, ch\u1ec9 b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 c\u00e1i v\u00f5ng c\u0169 n\u00e1t, gi\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng m\u1ea5y quan ti\u1ec1n. \u1ea4y, nh\u1eefng l\u1ed1i \u0103n c\u1eafp l\u1eeba d\u1ed1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 h\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. C\u00e1i t\u00e0i gi\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb gian c\u0169ng l\u1eafm l\u1ed1i r\u1ea5t bu\u1ed3n c\u01b0\u1eddi, xem th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ee7 hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1i th\u1ecbnh suy c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi th\u0103ng b\u00ecnh v\u1eady.","M\u1eb8O L\u1eeaA Khoa thi h\u1ed9i n\u0103m Nh\u00e2m Th\u00ecn (1772) \u0111\u1eddi C\u1ea3nh H\u01b0ng, k\u1ef3 t\u1ee9 tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0o thi xong. Khi \u1ea5y, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5 gi\u00e0 v\u00e0o ch\u01a1i m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 gi\u00e0u \u1edf ph\u1ed1 H\u00e0ng Chi\u1ebfu, \u0110\u00f4ng H\u00e0. Nh\u00e2n n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ebfn khoa thi h\u1ed9i n\u0103m nay, m\u1ee5 n\u00f3i c\u00f3 quen m\u1ed9t \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o tr\u00fang c\u00e1ch, nay mai s\u1eafp s\u1eeda l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quan ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 t\u00e2n khoa. Ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e2n m\u1edbi h\u1ecfi quan t\u00e2n khoa ch\u1eebng bao nhi\u00eau tu\u1ed5i, qu\u00ea qu\u00e1n \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u. M\u1ee5 n\u00f3i ra r\u00f5 c\u1ea3, v\u00e0 cho bi\u1ebft quan t\u00e2n khoa, nh\u00e0 v\u1ed1n ngh\u00e8o, ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 v\u1ee3, \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u0111\u00ecnh th\u00ed, truy\u1ec1n l\u00f4 xong, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft vinh qui th\u00ec quan t\u00e2n khoa thu x\u1ebfp ra sao? Ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 \u00fd h\u00e2m m\u1ed9, n\u00f3i v\u1edbi m\u1ee5 r\u1eb1ng: \\\"T\u00f4i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a con g\u00e1i k\u1ec3 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i qu\u00ea m\u00f9a; m\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1ed1i cho th\u00e0nh l\u1ee9a \u0111\u00f4i, th\u00ec bao nhi\u00eau ti\u1ec1n ph\u00ed t\u1ed5n l\u00fac vinh qui, quan t\u00e2n khoa kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i lo g\u00ec c\u1ea3\\\". M\u1ee5 l\u00e0m ra b\u1ed9 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, \u0111i l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn ba b\u1ed1n l\u1ea7n, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng m\u1edbi m\u1eddi qu\u00e2n t\u00e2n khoa \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u01a1i nh\u00e0 ph\u00fa h\u1ed9 \u1ea5y xem m\u1eb7t ng\u01b0\u1eddi con g\u00e1i. Ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e2n li\u1ec1n m\u1eddi quan t\u00e2n khoa ngh\u1ec9 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00eam, v\u00e0 cho con g\u00e1i ra y\u1ebft ki\u1ebfn. M\u1ee5 m\u1ed1i xui gi\u1ee5c ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e2n cho c\u00f4 ta ti\u1ebfp quan t\u00e2n khoa c\u00f9ng ng\u1ee7, \u0111\u00ednh \u01b0\u1edbc sau khi y\u1ebft b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ed7 r\u1ed3i th\u00ec l\u00e0m l\u1ec5 th\u00e0nh h\u00f4n. S\u00e1ng h\u00f4m sau, quan t\u00e2n khoa xin c\u00e1o t\u1eeb, ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e2n t\u1eb7ng cho r\u1ea5t h\u1eadu. T\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea5y, ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e2n ch\u1ec9 trang s\u1ee9c cho con g\u00e1i, \u0111\u1ee3i ng\u00e0y ngh\u00eanh h\u00f4n. K\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ebfn khi truy\u1ec1n l\u00f4 t\u1ee9 y\u1ebfn (1) xong r\u1ed3i, th\u00ec m\u1ea5t t\u0103m ch\u1eb3ng th\u1ea5y m\u1ee5 gi\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1eefa. Ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e2n li\u1ec1n sai ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00e0 \u0111i d\u00f2 h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c quan t\u00e2n khoa ti\u1ebfn s\u0129; kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o nh\u01b0 anh ch\u00e0ng ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u00eam h\u00f4m tr\u01b0\u1edbc. L\u00fac \u1ea5y m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft m\u00ecnh b\u1ecb l\u1eeba, h\u1ed1i h\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eefa. Chuy\u1ec7n \u1ea5y huy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n kh\u1eafp c\u1ea3 kinh th\u00e0nh, ai nghe c\u0169ng bu\u1ed3n c\u01b0\u1eddi. \u00d4i! M\u1eb9o l\u1eeba \u1ea5y c\u0169ng tai qu\u00e1i th\u1eadt! Nh\u01b0ng k\u1ebb nh\u00e0 gi\u00e0u kia kh\u00f4ng h\u00e2m m\u1ed9 quan t\u00e2n khoa, mu\u1ed1n cho con m\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u00e0 quan, c\u1ea7u l\u1ea5y c\u00e1i ph\u00fac m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3, th\u00ec d\u1eabu m\u1eb9o tai qu\u00e1i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. _______ (1) Truy\u1ec1n l\u00f4 l\u00e0 g\u1ecdi loa x\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00ean nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed7 (thi H\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 x\u01b0\u1edbng danh, c\u00f2n thi H\u1ed9i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n l\u00f4). T\u1ee9 y\u1ebfn, theo l\u1ec7, thi \u0111\u1ed7 ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 vua ban y\u1ebfn.","M\u1ed8NG V\u00c0 S\u1ed0 M\u1eadu Hi\u00ean ti\u00ean sinh sinh th\u00e1ng nhu\u1eadn n\u0103m T\u00e2n M\u00f9i (1751) \u0111\u1eddi C\u1ea3nh H\u01b0ng. X\u00e9t xem \u0111\u1ea9u s\u1ed1 (1) th\u00ec c\u00e1t tinh th\u1ea5u h\u1ed9i ki\u00eam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0i qu\u00ed c\u00e1ch, kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1 t\u1eed vi t\u1ed1t nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Anh hai ta tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea5ng Ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i phu ta \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng xem s\u1ed1 M\u1eadu Hi\u00ean ti\u00ean sinh, b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng: \u201cC\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 s\u1ed1 ti\u00ean sinh th\u00ec danh v\u1edbi th\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 v\u1eb9n c\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ea1i khoa th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3m th\u1ecd, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ecd th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt khoa danh\u201d. N\u0103m K\u1ef7 D\u1eadu (1780), ti\u00ean sinh m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh, ta th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111em l\u1eddi n\u00f3i tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 khuy\u00ean gi\u1ea3i. X\u00e9t ra, M\u1eadu Hi\u00ean ti\u00ean sinh, v\u1ec1 khoa danh th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ebfn H\u01b0\u01a1ng nguy\u00ean (2) m\u00e0 th\u1ecd th\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i tu\u1ed5i; k\u1ec3 ra danh v\u1edbi th\u1ecd nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00ec c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00e0i, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eafn, ta kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 t\u1ea1i sao. N\u0103m Canh Tu\u1ea5t (1790), ta m\u1ed9ng th\u1ea5y ra xem y\u1ebft b\u1ea3ng \u1edf Qu\u1ea3ng V\u0103n \u0111\u00ecnh, th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 ch\u1eef s\u01a1n son th\u1ebfp v\u00e0ng ghi r\u00f5 t\u00ean \u00f4ng Tr\u1ecbnh C\u00f4ng Quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed7 \u01b0u trung \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t danh, c\u00f2n Phan Huy Dung (3) \u0111\u1ed7 trung h\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t danh, r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u00ean th\u1ee9 h\u1ea1ng th\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u1edb h\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110\u1ebfn khi t\u1ec9nh d\u1eady, kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u ra \u00fd l\u00e0m sao, m\u00e0 b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd th\u00ec \u00f4ng gi\u00e1m sinh Tr\u1ecbnh C\u00f4ng Quy\u1ec1n m\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e2u r\u1ed3i. _______ (1) \u0110\u1ea9u s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 t\u00ednh c\u00e1c v\u00ec sao chi\u1ebfu m\u1ec7nh. (2) H\u01b0\u01a1ng nguy\u00ean t\u1ee9c Gi\u1ea3i nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ea7u khoa thi H\u01b0\u01a1ng. (3) B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch vi\u1ebft l\u00e0 Ph\u1ea1m Huy Dung.","TH\u00c1C OAN \u00d4ng gi\u00e1m sinh Nguy\u1ec5n Do\u00e3n M\u1eadt l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u1ecd C\u1ea7u, huy\u1ec7n Duy Sinh (1), t\u1eeb khi nh\u00e0 L\u00ea m\u1ea5t, v\u1eabn \u1edf nh\u00e0 d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc. \u00d4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1i nh\u00e0 tranh n\u0103m gian, \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng l\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi con tr\u01b0\u1edfng, t\u00ean l\u00e0 Do\u00e3n B\u1ea1t, ph\u00f2ng ph\u00eda t\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng con trai th\u1ee9. V\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng \u00f4ng gi\u00e1m sinh c\u00f9ng b\u00e0 m\u1eb9 \u1edf gian ph\u00f2ng c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i (2). Do\u00e3n B\u1ea1t l\u1ea5y v\u1ee3 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e2u, nh\u01b0ng hai v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng v\u1eabn kh\u1ee7ng kh\u1ec9nh kh\u00f4ng h\u00f2a thu\u1eadn, ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ee3 c\u00f3 khi b\u1ecf v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 cha m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ebb \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng th\u00e1ng. Do\u00e3n B\u1ea1t th\u00ec sang d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t l\u00e0ng nh\u1ecf b\u00ean kia s\u00f4ng, khi v\u1ec1 th\u0103m nh\u00e0, ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y l\u1ea1i sang tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ee3 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00fac v\u1eafng m\u1eb7t, n\u00f3i ra gi\u1ecdng o\u00e1n gi\u1eadn ch\u1ed3ng. V\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng \u00f4ng gi\u00e1m sinh kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. N\u0103m T\u00e2n D\u1eadu (1801), em th\u1ee9 Do\u00e3n B\u1ea1t c\u01b0\u1edbi v\u1ee3; hai v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi em t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1eafc v\u1edbi nhau. M\u1ed9t h\u00f4m, ng\u01b0\u1eddi em th\u1ea5y l\u1eabn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i \u00e1o l\u00f3t m\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Do\u00e3n B\u1ea1t trong bu\u1ed3ng v\u1ee3, li\u1ec1n \u0111em ra tr\u1ea3. \u00d4ng gi\u00e1m sinh b\u1ee5ng l\u1ea5y l\u00e0m nghi, nh\u00e2n l\u00fac v\u1eafng ng\u01b0\u1eddi, g\u1ecdi Do\u00e3n B\u1ea1t v\u00e0o tr\u00e1ch m\u1eafng sao kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft gi\u1eef \u00fd t\u1ee9; c\u1ed5 nh\u00e2n \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi g\u1ed1c m\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng s\u1eeda m\u0169, tr\u00ean ru\u1ed9ng d\u01b0a kh\u00f4ng x\u1ecf gi\u1ea7y (3), l\u00e0 s\u1ee3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghi k\u1ecb. Do\u00e3n B\u1ea1t h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c bi\u1ec7n b\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ebf, t\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 n\u1ed7i kh\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng c\u1edb g\u00ec t\u1ecf oan, u\u1ea5t \u1ee9c m\u00e3i th\u00e0nh b\u1ec7nh \u0111i\u00ean, c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eafm l\u00fac m\u00ea s\u1ea3ng th\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng. M\u1ed9t h\u00f4m, Do\u00e3n B\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 c\u1eadu k\u1ec3 l\u1ec3 s\u1ef1 t\u00ecnh, n\u00f3i s\u1eafp li\u1ec1u m\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 t\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ed9c b\u1ea1ch n\u1ed7i oan. C\u1eadu m\u1eafng l\u00e0 n\u00f3i c\u00e0n. S\u00e1ng s\u1edbm h\u00f4m sau, B\u1ea1t c\u00e1o t\u1eeb cha sang tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc. Ra \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f2 L\u00ea X\u00e1 \u1edf c\u1ea1nh l\u00e0ng, B\u1ea1t v\u00e0o nh\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi quen h\u1ecfi m\u01b0\u1ee3n dao, ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00e0 bi\u1ebft B\u1ea1t c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u0111i\u00ean kh\u00f4ng cho m\u01b0\u1ee3n. Do\u00e3n B\u1ea1t b\u1ecf \u0111i ra, c\u1eafn ng\u00f3n tay tr\u1ecf ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u, r\u1ed3i l\u1ea5y c\u00e1i t\u0103m tre th\u1ea5m m\u00e1u vi\u1ebft v\u00e0o g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y g\u1ea1o b\u00ean b\u1edd s\u00f4ng m\u1ea5y ch\u1eef r\u1ea5t to: Nh\u00e2n m\u1ea1c d\u01b0 tri u\u1ed5ng \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u1eed oan tu t\u1ed1 d\u1eef V\u00e2n Tr\u01b0\u1eddng ngh\u0129a l\u00e0: Ai t\u1ecf oan n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ee9t ru\u1ed9t thay K\u00eau v\u1edbi V\u00e2n Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecda c\u00f3 hay \u0110\u1ec1 xong, g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f2 sang s\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa d\u00f2ng nh\u1ea3y t\u00f9m xu\u1ed1ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i \u0111\u00f2 v\u1ed9i v\u00e0ng c\u1ee9u v\u1edbt; kh\u00f4ng k\u1ecbp, li\u1ec1n ch\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 b\u00e1o tin cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi cha thu\u00ea c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 thuy\u1ec1n ch\u00e0i m\u00f2. M\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn chi\u1ec1u t\u1ed1i m\u1edbi m\u00f2 th\u1ea5y B\u1ea1t \u1edf gi\u1eefa l\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng s\u00e2u, ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn ng\u1ed3i x\u1ebfp b\u1eb1ng tr\u00f2n. V\u1edbt l\u00ean, s\u1eafc m\u1eb7t nh\u01b0 l\u00fac s\u1ed1ng, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u00f3n tay b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i th\u00ec th\u1ea5y c\u1eafn d\u1eadp n\u00e1t ra. \u00d4ng gi\u00e1m sinh kh\u00f3c l\u00f3c th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t, r\u1ed3i sai ng\u01b0\u1eddi li\u1ec7m ch\u00f4n. Nh\u1eefng ch\u1eef m\u00e1u vi\u1ebft \u1edf g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y g\u1ea1o to b\u1eb1ng b\u00e0n tay, c\u1ee9 l\u00fac b\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi chi\u1ebfu v\u00e0o th\u00ec s\u1eafc huy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecf b\u1eebng l\u00ean. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea5y s\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ebfn tai quan, \u0111em r\u1eeda c\u1ea1o \u0111i, m\u00e3i m\u1edbi s\u1ea1ch. Ta nghe chuy\u1ec7n tr\u00ean n\u00e0y, l\u1ea5y l\u00e0m qu\u00e1i l\u1ea1. Sau g\u1eb7o ng\u01b0\u1eddi con tr\u01b0\u1edfng quan L\u00fd T\u01b0 Gi\u1ea3ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi L\u00ea X\u00e1, m\u1edbi h\u1ecfi k\u0129 l\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00ecnh nghe. H\u1ecfi l\u1ea1i duy\u00ean c\u1edb th\u00ec c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o: c\u00e1i \u00e1o l\u00f3t m\u00ecnh \u1ea5y l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi em d\u00e2u c\u1ea5t nh\u1ea7m. Ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o v\u1ee3 B\u1ea1t c\u1ed1 l\u00e0m ra th\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng? \u00d4i! Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi, nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb m\u0169 cao \u00e1o d\u00e0i, \u0111\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed3i ch\u1eefng ch\u1ea1c, m\u1ed3m v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch th\u00e1nh hi\u1ec1n; v\u1eabn chen nhau trong h\u00e0ng m\u0169 \u00e1o, ng\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00f4 s\u1ef1 v\u1eabn t\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 b\u1eadc \u0111\u1ea1o h\u1ecdc, t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eafc l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi danh gi\u00e1o; g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn, m\u1ed9t m\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t c\u00f2n, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t ch\u1ebft, th\u00ec th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ebfn tho\u00e1i h\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ed3, m\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1edf c\u1ee9 (4). Do\u00e3n B\u1ea1t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t anh ch\u00e0ng thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean s\u01a1 h\u1ecdc, th\u1ebf m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu c\u00e1i ti\u1ebfng lo\u1ea1n lu\u00e2n l\u00e0m nh\u01a1 b\u1ea9n danh d\u1ef1, \u0111\u00e0nh li\u1ec1u m\u00ecnh v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc trong, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00ec c\u00f2n ai l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. _______","(1) B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch vi\u1ebft l\u00e0 Duy Ti\u00ean. (2) \u0110o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y trong b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch. (3) \u00dd n\u00f3i ph\u1ea3i gi\u1eef g\u00ecn \u00fd t\u1ee9, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng d\u1ebd d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m. (4) \u00dd n\u00f3i ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 g\u00ec c\u1ea3.","KHOA C\u1eec Tri\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 L\u00fd khai khoa, th\u00ec c\u00f3 khoa tam gi\u00e1o, khoa th\u00e1i h\u1ecdc sinh, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 khoa ti\u1ebfn s\u0129. Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf, l\u1ea1i c\u00f2n c\u00f3 l\u1ec7 ti\u1ebfn c\u1eed nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec1n ra l\u00e0m quan. \u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi nh\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n c\u0169ng th\u1ebf; nh\u01b0ng so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c khoa kh\u00e1c, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 khoa ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 l\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec1n t\u00e0i h\u01a1n c\u1ea3. L\u00ea ti\u00ean tri\u1ec1u, t\u1eeb n\u0103m H\u1ed3ng \u0110\u1ee9c tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 sau, ch\u1ec9 chuy\u00ean tr\u1ecdng khoa ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 l\u00e0 khoa ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn hi\u1ec1n t\u00e0i. Nh\u00e0 M\u1ea1c c\u0169ng l\u00e0m theo th\u1ebf. \u0110\u1eddi L\u00ea trung h\u01b0ng kho\u1ea3ng hai tr\u0103m n\u0103m, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed7 khoa ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 v\u1eabn t\u1ef1 xem m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 b\u1eadc thanh cao; c\u00f2n nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb v\u0103n t\u00e0i v\u00f5 l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m n\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edbng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 b\u1edfi t\u1ea1i th\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn. \u0110\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eddi Trung h\u01b0ng, c\u00f3 c\u1ee5 Ph\u00f9ng Kh\u1eafc Khoan \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 b\u1eadc c\u00f4ng th\u1ea7n tham m\u01b0u ch\u1ed1n c\u01a1 m\u1eadt, t\u1eebng gi\u1eef nh\u1eefng tr\u1ecdng ch\u1ee9c \u1edf c\u00e1c b\u1ed9, c\u00e1c t\u1ef1, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i h\u1ea1 m\u00ecnh xu\u1ed1ng ch\u1ed1n tr\u01b0\u1eddng thi, c\u1ea7u l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ea1i khoa m\u1edbi cho l\u00e0 vinh. \u00d4ng L\u01b0\u01a1ng H\u1eefu Kh\u00e1nh, s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u0169ng xu\u00fdt xo\u00e1t v\u1edbi Ph\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng, ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec khi c\u00f2n \u1edf b\u00ean nh\u00e0 M\u1ea1c, b\u1ecb c\u00e1c quan b\u1ed9 L\u1ec5 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 kh\u1ea3o \u0111\u00e8 n\u00e9n, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu v\u00e0o thi \u0110\u00ecnh, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ea1i khoa. \u0110\u1ebfn khi v\u1ec1 theo L\u00ea tri\u1ec1u, tr\u1ea3i qua nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9c tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu, th\u1ec3 di\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 t\u00f4n r\u1ed3i, n\u00ean \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng th\u00e8m ganh \u0111ua v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 c\u1eed t\u1eed n\u1eefa. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ch\u00e9p s\u1eed ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 b\u1eadc \u0111\u1ea1i khoa, l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecf kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e9p \u0111\u1ee7. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gia ph\u1ea3 nh\u00e0 h\u1ecd L\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u1eadp d\u00e3 s\u1eed ri\u00eang c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i th\u00ec t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a L\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e9o c\u0169ng theo v\u1edbi b\u1ecdn c\u1ef1u th\u1ea7n ng\u1ed3i kh\u00f4ng \u0103n h\u1ea1i c\u00f9ng mai m\u1ed9t h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y. Sau n\u00e0y \u1edf M\u1ed9 Tr\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 \u00f4ng V\u00f5 Duy Ch\u00ed, \u1edf Thanh L\u00e2m c\u00f3 \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 b\u1eadc danh th\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi, m\u00e0 xem \u1edf trong s\u1eed kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat s\u1ef1 tr\u1ea1ng g\u00ec c\u1ea3. C\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ee9ng t\u00ean trong s\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i khoa v\u1eabn noi theo t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n c\u0169, d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n c\u00f3 c\u00e1i t\u1ec7 t\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 l\u00e0 b\u1eadc thanh cao nh\u01b0 cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi nh\u00e0 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eddi C\u1ea3nh H\u01b0ng, c\u00f3 \u00f4ng Ng\u00f4 Th\u00ec S\u0129 (1) n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 b\u1eadc hay ch\u1eef, b\u1ecb b\u1ecdn quan \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi ghen gh\u00e9t, khi \u0111\u1ebfn thi H\u1ed9i, c\u00e1c kh\u1ea3o quan d\u00f2 x\u00e9t, h\u1ec5 th\u1ea5y quy\u1ec3n n\u00e0o gi\u1ecdng v\u0103n h\u01a1i gi\u1ed1ng th\u00ec b\u1ea3o nhau: \\\"Quy\u1ec3n n\u00e0y h\u1eb3n l\u00e0 kh\u1ea9u kh\u00ed Ng\u00f4 Th\u00ec S\u0129\\\", th\u1ebf l\u00e0 h\u1ecd h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c b\u1edbi m\u00f3c \u0111\u00e1nh h\u1ecfng \u0111i. Tr\u1ecbnh ch\u00faa Ngh\u1ecb T\u1ed5 (Tr\u1ecbnh Doanh) bi\u1ebft c\u00f3 c\u00e1i th\u00f3i t\u1ec7 \u1ea5y, n\u00ean khi thi c\u1eed xong r\u1ed3i, truy\u1ec1n \u0111em quy\u1ec3n h\u1ecfng c\u1ee7a Ng\u00f4 Th\u00ec S\u0129 ra duy\u1ec7t l\u1ea1i. C\u00e1c kh\u1ea3o quan b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb tru\u1ea5t ph\u1ea1t, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea5m ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i t\u1ec7 \u1ea5y. Khoa B\u00ednh Tu\u1ea5t (1766), Ng\u00f4 c\u00f4ng b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh t\u1ea3, v\u00e0o thi tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1ee9, c\u1ed1 l\u00e0m qua loa cho xong quy\u1ec3n. Kh\u1ea3o quan ch\u1ea5m quy\u1ec3n, b\u1ea3o: \\\" Quy\u1ec3n n\u00e0y, kim v\u0103n th\u00ec luy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1t l\u1eafm, \u0111\u00e1ng l\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u1ed9i nguy\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng v\u0103n kh\u00ed h\u01a1i y\u1ebfu, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ecdng v\u0103n Ng\u00f4 Th\u00ec S\u0129\\\". Ch\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ebfn quy\u1ec3n \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n B\u00e1 D\u01b0\u01a1ng, l\u1ea1i b\u1ea3o nhau: \\\"Quy\u1ec3n n\u00e0y, v\u0103n kh\u00ed m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng, gi\u1ed1ng gi\u1ecdng v\u0103n Ng\u00f4 Th\u00ec S\u0129, nh\u01b0ng kim v\u0103n l\u1ea1i k\u00e9m, Th\u00ec S\u0129 t\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf\\\". V\u00ec h\u1ecd h\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ed3, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh quy\u1ec3n n\u00e0o l\u00e0 v\u0103n Ng\u00f4 Th\u00ec S\u0129 m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh h\u1ecfng, n\u00ean Th\u00ec S\u0129 m\u1edbi chi\u1ebfm h\u1ed9i nguy\u00ean. Khi Tr\u1ecbnh T\u0129nh V\u01b0\u01a1ng (Tr\u1ecbnh S\u00e2m) t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ed1c ch\u00ednh, c\u00f3 \u00f4ng Ph\u1ea1m V\u0129 Khi\u00eam (2) c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u0103n h\u1ecdc gi\u1ecfi, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00faa bi\u1ebft t\u00ean. Nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng \u1ea5y khi nh\u1ecf hay kh\u00ed kh\u00e1i tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eddi, c\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee7 kh\u1ea3o \u1edf L\u1ec5 vi h\u1ec5 th\u1ea5y quy\u1ec3n thi, \u0111\u00e1nh h\u1ecfng, c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u00f4ng Ng\u00f4 Th\u00ec S\u0129. Khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ee9ng tu\u1ed5i, h\u1ecdc nghi\u1ec7p c\u00e0ng th\u00e2m th\u00fay, v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1eb3n l\u1ed1i c\u0169. Khoa thi n\u0103m K\u1ef7 H\u1ee3i (1779), \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean l\u00e0 Ph\u1ea1m Nguy\u1ec5n Du; k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ecb c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec3n gi\u1ecdng v\u0103n h\u01a1i ph\u00f3ng t\u00fang, c\u00e1c kh\u1ea3o quan b\u1ea3o nhau: \\\"Quy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a V\u0129 Khi\u00eam \u0111\u00e2y r\u1ed3i\\\", b\u00e8n c\u00f9ng nhau ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch \u0111\u00e1nh h\u1ecfng. Th\u00e0nh ra khi y\u1ebft b\u1ea3ng, v\u1eabn c\u00f3 t\u00ean \u00f4ng. K\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec7 tam c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec3n nghi l\u00e0 quy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh h\u1ecfng, nh\u01b0ng quy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng sao. K\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1ee9 th\u00ec v\u0103n \u00f4ng Ph\u1ea1m Nguy\u1ec5n Du thu\u1ea7n m\u00e0 gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb, v\u0103n \u00f4ng Ph\u1ea1m Qu\u00fd Th\u00edch (3) th\u00ec r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i m\u00eanh m\u00f4ng, kh\u00ed c\u00e1ch hai quy\u1ec3n v\u0103n kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau. Quan tr\u01b0\u1eddng ngh\u0129 ph\u00ea quy\u1ec3n v\u0103n \u00f4ng Ph\u1ea1m Hoa \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng (4) l\u00ean \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t. \u00d4ng Nguy\u1ec5n B\u00e1 D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ea1i tr\u1ecf quy\u1ec3n \u00f4ng Ph\u1ea1m V\u0129 Khi\u00eam, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1eb7ng \u0110i\u1ec1n m\u00e0 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: \\\"Quy\u1ec3n n\u00e0y l\u1eddi v\u0103n gi\u1ea3n c\u1ed5, th\u00e2m \u00e1o, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1eadc l\u00e3o s\u01b0 t\u00fac nho, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00ean tr\u00ean\\\". \u0110\u1ebfn khi ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean Tr\u1ecbnh V\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ee7 th\u00ec th\u00e0nh ra quy\u1ec3n \u00f4ng Ph\u1ea1m \u0110\u1eb7ng \u0110i\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ea7u, m\u00e0 quy\u1ec3n \u00f4ng Ph\u1ea1m Hoa \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed7 th\u1ee9 hai, qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 l\u1eddi \u00f4ng","Nguy\u1ec5n B\u00e1 D\u01b0\u01a1ng li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u00d4ng Nguy\u1ec5n B\u00e1 D\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u1eabm ch\u00e2n m\u00e0 r\u1eb1ng: \\\"Khoa gi\u00e1p v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 m\u1ec7nh, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y s\u1ee9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 tranh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\\\". Nh\u1eefng khoa tr\u01b0\u1edbc, quy\u1ec3n \u00f4ng Ph\u1ea1m \u0110\u1eb7ng \u0110i\u1ec1n b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh h\u1ecfng ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ea1i \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n B\u00e1 D\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c b\u00e0i b\u00e1c, b\u00e2y gi\u1edd l\u1ea1i c\u1ee9 kh\u0103ng kh\u0103ng mu\u1ed1n l\u1ea5y quy\u1ec3n \u00f4ng Ph\u1ea1m \u0110\u1eb7ng \u0110i\u1ec1n l\u00ean \u0111\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ea7u, xem th\u1ebf th\u00ec con t\u1ea1o c\u0169ng kh\u00e9o tr\u00eau ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eadt! B\u00e0 ch\u00ednh phi ch\u00faa Tr\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi em t\u00ean l\u00e0 M\u1eadu D\u0129nh v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 k\u1ebb t\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng. B\u00e0 phi mu\u1ed1n cho d\u1ef1 v\u00e0o h\u00e0ng v\u0103n th\u00e2n; g\u1eb7p k\u1ef3 thi h\u1ed9i, c\u00f3 m\u1eadt b\u1ea3o k\u1ebb l\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng x\u1ebfp ch\u1eef so\u1ea1n hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee9 quy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a M\u1eadu D\u0129nh \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u v\u00e0o. L\u1ea1i d\u1eb7n quan n\u1ed9i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd t\u00e2ng b\u1ed1c cho, n\u1ebfu k\u00e9m l\u1eafm kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00ec \u0111\u1ee3i khi c\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 Ch\u00faa m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec1n, ph\u1ea3i \u0111em quy\u1ec3n \u1ea5y d\u00e2ng tr\u00ecnh. K\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1ee9 xong r\u1ed3i, bao nhi\u00eau quy\u1ec3n thi tr\u00fang c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111em ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea3, duy quy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a M\u1eadu D\u0129nh th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 trong s\u1ed1 \u1ea5y. B\u00e0 phi b\u00e8n xin v\u1edbi Ch\u00faa r\u1eb1ng: \\\"Vi\u1ec7c thi c\u1eed m\u00e0 c\u1ee9 l\u1ea5y m\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m h\u1ea1n, s\u1ee3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ed9ng. Xin ch\u00faa cho l\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec3n v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng u\u1ea9n s\u00fac \u0111em ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfp r\u00fat l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec3n cho r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7u l\u1ea5y nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i\\\". Ch\u00faa c\u0169ng n\u1ec3 \u00fd b\u00e0 phi n\u00ean truy\u1ec1n \u0111em quy\u1ec3n l\u00ean tr\u00ecnh cho b\u00e0 phi r\u00fat. B\u00e0 phi nh\u1eafm v\u00e0o quy\u1ec3n c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u m\u00e0 r\u00fat l\u1ea5y, r\u1ed3i lui v\u00e0o b\u1ea3o k\u1ebb cung gi\u00e1m tin cho M\u1eadu D\u0129nh c\u1ee9 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda so\u1ea1n ti\u1ec7c \u0103n m\u1eebng. \u0110\u1ebfn khi d\u00e1n quy\u1ec3n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 y\u1ebft b\u1ea3ng th\u00ec t\u00e9 ra l\u00e0 t\u00ean V\u00f5 Huy D\u0129nh. B\u00e0 phi l\u1ea5y l\u00e0m qu\u00e1i l\u1ea1, m\u1edbi h\u1ecfi k\u1ebb l\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng. K\u1ebb l\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng th\u01b0a r\u1eb1ng: \\\"Khi nh\u1eadn l\u1eddi d\u1eb7n, t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n hoang mang, nh\u1edb kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00e0nh, khi so\u1ea1n quy\u1ec3n ch\u1ec9 nh\u1edb d\u1eb7n t\u00ean D\u0129nh, n\u00ean \u0111em quy\u1ec3n \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u, kh\u00f4ng ng\u1edd l\u1ea1i h\u00f3a ra l\u1ea7m l\u1eabn\\\". B\u00e0 phi than th\u1edf, l\u1ea5y l\u00e0m l\u1ea1. Khi Ho\u00e0ng Ng\u0169 Ph\u00fac c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec3n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ec7n gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ti\u1ebfc r\u1eb1ng ta kh\u00f4ng nh\u1edb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecd t\u00ean. V\u00f5 Mi\u00eau, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Li\u00ean Tr\u00ec, khi nh\u1ecf h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1i t\u0103m, su\u1ed1t ng\u00e0y nhai nh\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t trang gi\u1ea5y, m\u00e0 v\u1eabn c\u1ed1 s\u1ee9c h\u1ecdc m\u00e3i kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4i, v\u1ec1 sau c\u0169ng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u0103n h\u1ecdc trong th\u1eddi \u1ea5y. Nh\u01b0ng v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00f4ng ngh\u00e8o n\u00e0n, vi\u1ebft su\u1ed1t ng\u00e0y v\u1eabn th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7. Khoa thi H\u1ed9i n\u0103m M\u1eadu Th\u00ecn (1748), v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1ee9, \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1eb7p \u0111\u1ea7u b\u00e0i nh\u1edb c\u1ea3, nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng k\u1ecbp, ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed1i x\u1ea9m m\u1edbi n\u1ed9p xong quy\u1ec3n m\u00e0 \u0111i ra. V\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 tr\u1ecd, c\u1edfi \u00e1o ra ngh\u1ec9, xem l\u1ea1i, th\u00ec ra \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed9p nh\u1ea7m quy\u1ec3n nh\u00e1p, c\u00f2n quy\u1ec3n c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng d\u1ea5u v\u1eabn \u1edf trong \u1ed1ng. B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd ng\u1ed3i than th\u1edf \u00e2n h\u1eadn m\u00e3i, sau \u0111em nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n l\u00e0m ban ng\u00e0y ra nhu\u1eadn s\u1eafc, vi\u1ebft l\u1ea1i tinh t\u01b0\u01a1m v\u00e0o quy\u1ec3n c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng d\u1ea5u. Tr\u1eddi g\u1ea7n s\u00e1ng th\u00ec vi\u1ebft xong. R\u1ed3i ch\u1ee3p m\u1eaft, ng\u1ee7 m\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0a m\u1edbi t\u1ec9nh d\u1eady. Xem trong \u1ed1ng quy\u1ec3n th\u00ec quy\u1ec3n v\u0103n c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng d\u1ea5u \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e2u n\u1eefa. Trong b\u1ee5ng hoang mang, ch\u1ec9 s\u1ee3 b\u1ed9 L\u1ec5 \u0111\u00f2i quy\u1ec3n c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e2u m\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. B\u00e0ng ho\u00e0ng lo s\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ebfn d\u0103m b\u1ea3y ng\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ebfn khi y\u1ebft b\u1ea3ng th\u00ec th\u1ea5y huy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n r\u1eb1ng \u1edf Li\u00ean Tr\u00ec c\u00f3 V\u00f5 Mi\u00eau \u0111\u1ed7 h\u1ed9i nguy\u00ean. \u00d4ng v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng tin, sau \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00ecnh Qu\u1ea3ng V\u0103n xem y\u1ebft b\u1ea3ng, qu\u1ea3 nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 t\u00ean m\u00ecnh th\u1eadt. \u00d4ng v\u1eeba m\u1eebng v\u1eeba kinh ng\u1ea1c, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft t\u1ea1i c\u1edb sao. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o: \u201cnh\u00e0 \u00f4ng ba \u0111\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng nu\u00f4i m\u00e8o cho n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i b\u00e1o \u01a1n \u1ea5y\u201d, ch\u1eb3ng bi\u1ebft c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Lai Th\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Qu\u00fdnh, em \u00f4ng Th\u00e1m hoa C\u00f4ng O\u00e1nh. Khoa thi H\u1ed9i n\u0103m Nh\u00e2m Th\u00ecn (1772) v\u00e0o k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1ee9 xong, n\u1ed9p quy\u1ec3n ra v\u1ec1, \u00f4ng th\u00e1m \u0111\u00f2i xem quy\u1ec3n nh\u00e1p, th\u00ec t\u00e9 ra n\u1ed9p nh\u1ea7m, v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u01b0u quy\u1ec3n c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u l\u1ea1i. \u0110\u00eam h\u00f4m \u1ea5y, \u00f4ng l\u1ea1i \u0111em ra s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa, s\u00e1ng s\u1edbm li\u1ec1n \u0111\u00fat quy\u1ec3n \u1ea5y v\u00e0o tay \u00e1o v\u00e0 \u0111em theo v\u00e0i m\u01b0\u01a1i l\u1ea1ng b\u1ea1c \u0111i ra v\u01a1 v\u1ea9n \u1edf ngo\u00e0i c\u1eeda tr\u01b0\u1eddng, lo l\u1eafng, ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft m\u01b0u t\u00ednh ra sao. M\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ebf chi\u1ec1u, g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh h\u1ecfi, c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec m\u00e0 v\u01a1 v\u1ea9n \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, c\u1ee9 n\u00f3i, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00ec gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 h\u1ed9. \u00d4ng m\u1edbi n\u00f3i th\u1ef1c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh h\u1edfn h\u1edf b\u1ea3o: \\\"Vi\u1ec7c \u1ea5y r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00f4i gi\u00fap \u00f4ng\\\". Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y li\u1ec1n nh\u1eadn l\u1ea5y quy\u1ec3n m\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i b\u1ea1c, d\u1eb7n \u00f4ng r\u1eb1ng \\\"Sau khi ra b\u1ea3ng, c\u00f3 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00f4i th\u00ec c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ed3ng Xu\u00e2n m\u00e0 h\u1ecfi th\u0103m nh\u00e0 t\u00f4i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7, c\u1ea7n g\u00ec ph\u1ea3i cho v\u00e0ng b\u1ea1c\\\". N\u00f3i r\u1ed3i, \u0111i m\u1ea5t. Qu\u1ea3 nhi\u00ean, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o tr\u00fang c\u00e1ch, \u0111\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ea1i khoa. Sau \u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ed3ng Xu\u00e2n h\u1ecfi th\u0103m th\u00ec t\u00e9 ra l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh t\u00f9y hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m ng\u00e0y r\u1ed3i. \u00d4ng cho l\u00e0 c\u00f3 qu\u1ef7 th\u1ea7n gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1, n\u00ean sau n\u00e0y khi ra l\u00e0m quan, v\u1eabn th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecfi th\u0103m \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 \u1ea5y.","Khoa thi H\u1ed9i Th\u1ecbnh khoa n\u0103m K\u1ef7 H\u1ee3i (1779), c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00ecnh, th\u1ea5y truy\u1ec1n l\u00f4 x\u01b0\u1edbng danh c\u00e1c quan ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 t\u00e2n khoa, \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee9 m\u01b0\u1eddi l\u0103m th\u00ec t\u00ean l\u00e0 Ng\u00f4 Ti\u00eam. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7m s\u1ed5 t\u00ean b\u1ea3o: \\\"T\u00ean n\u00e0y h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ecfi l\u1eafm, nh\u01b0ng ph\u00fac \u0111\u1ee9c th\u00ec r\u1ea5t x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng\\\". Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y t\u1ec9nh d\u1eady, h\u1ecfi kh\u1eafp h\u1ebft b\u1ea1n b\u00e8, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 ai t\u00ean l\u00e0 Ng\u00f4 Ti\u00eam. Ng\u00f4 Ti\u00eam khi \u1ea5y m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed7 khoa thi H\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft. Sau c\u00f9ng, \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1ee9, \u00f4ng v\u00e0o thi, vi\u1ebft m\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1i m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ed5 v\u0103n, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ea7m b\u00fat c\u1ea5u t\u1ee9 ngh\u0129 ng\u1ee3i, ch\u1ee3t th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t quan th\u1ec3 s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ecfi r\u1eb1ng: \\\"C\u1eeda tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng r\u1ed3i m\u00e0 quan t\u00e2n ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 c\u1edb sao v\u1eabn \u1edf trong l\u1ec1u?\\\". B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, \u00f4ng m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed1i r\u1ed3i, li\u1ec1n kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea7u xin gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 cho. Quan Th\u1ec3 s\u00e1t b\u1ea3o \u00f4ng c\u1ea7m b\u00fat nghi\u00ean \u0111i theo. \u0110\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 sau nh\u00e0 th\u1eadp \u0111\u1ea1o (5), th\u1ea5y trong nh\u00e0 th\u1eadp \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng so\u1ea1n quy\u1ec3n, ph\u00eda sau v\u00e1ch l\u00f3 ra \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng. Quan th\u1ec3 s\u00e1t b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng: \\\"C\u1ee9 ng\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ea5y m\u00e0 l\u00e0m v\u0103n cho xong quy\u1ec3n \u0111i, r\u1ed3i t\u00f4i b\u1ea3o\\\". \u00d4ng c\u1ee9 y theo l\u1eddi. Quan th\u1ec3 s\u00e1t th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng l\u1ea1i \u0111i ra th\u0103m h\u1ecfi. \u0110\u1ebfn khi g\u00e0 g\u00e1y sang canh ba, \u00f4ng m\u1edbi vi\u1ebft xong quy\u1ec3n, giao cho quan th\u1ec3 s\u00e1t c\u1ea7m v\u00e0o n\u1ed9p cho l\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng. Quan th\u1ec3 s\u00e1t l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0a cho \u00f4ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i m\u0169 ch\u1eef \u0111inh, b\u1ea3o c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ed9i m\u0169 \u1ea5y v\u00e0o r\u1ed3i \u0111i theo l\u00ednh tu\u1ea7n canh m\u00e0 ra ngo\u00e0i c\u1eeda tr\u01b0\u1eddng. V\u1ec1 sau, qu\u1ea3 nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed7 ti\u1ebfn s\u0129. \u00d4ng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng thi c\u0169 t\u00ecm d\u00e3y nh\u00e0 tranh d\u01b0\u1edbi g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y t\u00e1o, h\u1ecfi th\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00eam h\u00f4m \u1ea5y, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng g\u1eb7p ai c\u1ea3, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 c\u1edb l\u00e0m sao. _______ (1) Ng\u00f4 Th\u00ec S\u0129 (1726 \u2013 1780), hi\u1ec7u Ng\u1ecd Phong, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0ng T\u1ea3 Thanh Oai, huy\u1ec7n Thanh Oai, t\u1ec9nh H\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng (nay l\u00e0 H\u00e0 T\u00e2y), \u0111\u1eadu ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 n\u0103m 1766, l\u00e0 th\u00e2n sinh Ng\u00f4 Th\u00ec Nh\u1eadm v\u00e0 Ng\u00f4 Th\u00ec Ch\u00ed. (2) Ph\u1ea1m V\u0129 Khi\u00eam, t\u1ee9c Ph\u1ea1m Nguy\u1ec5n Du (1739 - ?) hi\u1ec7u Th\u1ea1nh \u0110\u1ed9ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0ng \u0110\u1eb7ng \u0110i\u1ec1n, huy\u1ec7n Ch\u00e2u Ph\u00fac (nay thu\u1ed9c t\u1ec9nh Ngh\u1ec7 An), \u0111\u1eadu ho\u00e0ng gi\u00e1p n\u0103m 1779. (3) Ph\u1ea1m Qu\u00fd Th\u00edch ( 1759 - ?) hi\u1ec7u L\u1eadp Trai, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0ng Hoa \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng, huy\u1ec7n \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng An (nay l\u00e0 l\u00e0ng L\u01b0\u01a1ng Ng\u1ecdc, huy\u1ec7n B\u00ecnh Giang, t\u1ec9nh H\u1ea3i h\u01b0ng), \u0111\u1eadu ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 n\u0103m 1779. (4) Ph\u1ea1m Hoa \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ee9c Ph\u1ea1m Qu\u00fd Th\u00edch. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u01b0a th\u01b0\u1eddng \u00edt khi g\u1ecdi t\u00ean, ch\u1ec9 g\u1ecdi h\u1ecd k\u00e8m theo t\u00ean l\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c t\u00ean hi\u1ec7u. C\u00f3 khi l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ean l\u00e0ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, k\u00e8m theo h\u1ecd v\u00e0 t\u00ean, nh\u01b0 Hoa \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng Ph\u1ea1m Qu\u00fd Th\u00edch, \u0110\u1eb7ng \u0110i\u1ec1n Ph\u1ea1m V\u0129 Khi\u00eam \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1ecfi nh\u1ea7m v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng t\u00ean nh\u01b0ng \u1edf l\u00e0ng kh\u00e1c. (5) Nh\u00e0 th\u1eadp \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 c\u00e1c quan ch\u1ea5m thi, \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf gi\u1eefa tr\u01b0\u1eddng thi.","CU\u1ed8C B\u00ccNH V\u0102N TRONG NH\u00c0 GI\u00c1M (1) Kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m Gi\u00e1p Th\u00ecn (1784-1785) \u0111\u1eddi C\u1ea3nh H\u01b0ng, ta m\u1edbi ra du h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea5t kinh th\u00e0nh. C\u1ee9 m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00e0y s\u00f3c v\u1ecdng (2) m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y th\u00ec nh\u00e0 Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ecdc (nh\u00e0 Gi\u00e1m H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i) m\u1edf cu\u1ed9c b\u00ecnh v\u0103n. Ta c\u00f3 theo c\u00e1c b\u1eadc cha anh xu\u1ed1ng nghe b\u00ecnh v\u0103n th\u00ec th\u1ea5y tr\u00ean th\u1ec1m, kho\u1ea3ng gi\u1eefa, ng\u1ea3nh m\u1eb7t v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Nam, c\u00f3 tr\u1ea3i ba c\u00e1i tr\u00fac t\u1ecbch (3). \u1ede tr\u00ean l\u00e0 v\u1ecb quan Tri gi\u00e1m ng\u1ed3i, \u1edf gi\u1eefa l\u00e0 quan Tham t\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 quan H\u00e0nh Tham t\u1ee5ng ng\u1ed3i, \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00e0 c\u00e1c quan B\u1ed3i t\u1ee5ng ng\u1ed3i. C\u00e1c quan Th\u1ecb lang, Tham \u0111\u00f4 th\u00ec ng\u1ed3i ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng, ng\u1ea3nh m\u1eb7t v\u1ec1 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2y. C\u00f2n c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1u ng\u1ed3i ph\u00eda t\u00e2y m\u00e0 ng\u1ea3nh m\u1eb7t v\u1ec1 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00f4ng. Chi\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ecnh v\u0103n ng\u1ed3i v\u1ec1 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2y. L\u00fac b\u00ecnh v\u0103n, c\u00e1c quan ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ng\u1ed3i gi\u1eefa ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ec, c\u00e1c quan ng\u1ed3i chi\u1ebfu ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng th\u00ec th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng b\u00e0n b\u1ea1c, c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc. L\u1ec7 c\u0169 v\u1eabn nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. L\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd quan Th\u00e1i ph\u00f3, Qu\u1eadn c\u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e3n l\u1ea1i m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec7u ra l\u00e0m quan Tri qu\u1ed1c t\u1eed gi\u00e1m, ng\u1ed3i chi\u1ebfu tr\u00ean, kho\u1ea3ng gi\u1eefa, r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ecb Li\u1ec7t h\u1ea7u l\u00e0 B\u00f9i Huy B\u00edch (4) l\u1ea5y ch\u1ee9c H\u00e0nh tham t\u1ee5ng, ng\u1ed3i chi\u1ebfu gi\u1eefa. V\u00f5 Ngh\u1ecb U\u00f4ng S\u0129 Di\u1ec5n, M\u1ed9 Tr\u1ea1ch V\u00f5 Huy D\u0129nh, Thu Ho\u1ea1ch Phan C\u1ea9n, An V\u0129 Tr\u1ea7n C\u00f4ng X\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec1u l\u1ea5y ch\u1ee9c B\u1ed3i t\u1ee5ng ng\u1ed3i chi\u1ebfu d\u01b0\u1edbi. Chi\u1ebfu ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng th\u00ec L\u00fd Tr\u1ea7n Qu\u00e1n, Nguy\u1ec5n \u00d0\u00ecnh Tr\u1ea1c. C\u00f2n t\u1eeb L\u00ea Huy Ti\u1ec1m tr\u1edf xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec1u ng\u1ed3i \u1edf chi\u1ebfu ph\u00eda t\u00e2y. L\u00fac b\u00ecnh v\u0103n th\u00ec ti\u1ebfng Ho\u00e0ng V\u0129nh Tr\u00e2m r\u1ea5t trong, r\u1ea5t vang, ti\u1ebfng Nguy\u1ec5n C\u1ea7u r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, b\u00ecnh d\u1ecb. L\u01b0u Ti\u1ec7p gi\u1ecdng ng\u1eafn m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5, Thi\u1ec1u S\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00ec \u0111\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng nghe ra ti\u1ebfng g\u00ec c\u1ea3. C\u00f2n c\u00e1i quy\u1ec1n nh\u1eafc l\u00ean hay \u0111\u00e1nh xu\u1ed1ng th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 do B\u00f9i Huy B\u00edch quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh; th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c quan B\u1ed3i t\u1ee5ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 b\u00e0n b\u1ea1c, c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc. Duy quan Tri gi\u00e1m Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e3n th\u00ec th\u1ee7y chung (5) n\u00edn l\u1eb7ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i c\u00e2u n\u00e0o, th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng ch\u1ec9 s\u1ebd c\u01b0\u1eddi hi hi m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Ta trong b\u1ee5ng l\u1ea5y l\u00e0m ng\u1edd, h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c b\u00e8 b\u1ea1n th\u00ec ai c\u0169ng c\u01b0\u1eddi, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ea3o r\u00f5. Ta l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng ng\u1edd, sau h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c b\u1eadc l\u00e3o th\u00e0nh th\u00ec c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng: \\\"Nguy\u1ec5n c\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 ph\u1ee5c cho n\u00ean l\u00fac b\u00ecnh v\u0103n \u1edf nh\u00e0 Gi\u00e1m kh\u00f4ng t\u1ecf \u00fd khen ch\u00ea g\u00ec c\u1ea3\\\". C\u0169ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: \\\"Nguy\u1ec5n c\u00f4ng khi tu\u1ed5i tr\u1ebb, v\u00ec l\u00e0 con nh\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed7 h\u01b0\u01a1ng nguy\u00ean, v\u1ec1 sau l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed7 h\u1ed9i nguy\u00ean, v\u0103n hai k\u1ef3 thi \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 Nguy\u1ec5n c\u00f4ng l\u00e0m ra\\\". \u0110\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 l\u1eddi truy\u1ec1n v\u0103n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ghi l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 tham kh\u1ea3o. Ng\u00e0y b\u00ecnh v\u0103n \u1edf nh\u00e0 Gi\u00e1m, quan Tri gi\u00e1m l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecda. L\u00fac m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdp, quan Tri gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ee9ng \u1edf ph\u00eda t\u00e2y, chi\u1ebfu gi\u1eefa, quan Tham t\u1ee5ng, B\u1ed3i t\u1ee5ng th\u00ec \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ee9ng x\u1ebf v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng nam chi\u1ebfu m\u00ecnh ng\u1ed3i, c\u00e1c quan ng\u1ed3i \u1edf chi\u1ebfu ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng th\u00ec \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfu m\u00ecnh ng\u1ed3i. Quan Tri gi\u00e1m l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd m\u1edbi h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o hai chi\u1ebfu gi\u1eefa, v\u00e1i ch\u00e0o m\u1eddi ng\u1ed3i, quan Tham t\u1ee5ng, quan B\u1ed3i t\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00e1i \u0111\u00e1p l\u1ea1i. R\u1ed3i quan Tri gi\u00e1m l\u1ea1i v\u00e1i m\u1eddi chi\u1ebfu ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng, c\u00e1c quan Th\u1ecb lang, Tham \u0111\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00e1i \u0111\u00e1p l\u1ea1i. L\u1ea1i h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o chi\u1ebfu ph\u00eda t\u00e2y v\u00e1i ch\u00e0o m\u1eddi ng\u1ed3i, c\u00e1c quan chi\u1ebfu ph\u00eda t\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00e1i \u0111\u00e1p l\u1ea1i, xong r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00ean chi\u1ebfu theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 m\u00e0 ng\u1ed3i. Chi\u1ebfu gi\u1eefa v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfu ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng th\u00ec h\u1ed9p tr\u1ea7u, \u1ed1ng s\u00fac b\u00e0y \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ed7i v\u1ecb quan vi\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9, c\u00f2n chi\u1ebfu ph\u00eda t\u00e2y th\u00ec m\u1ed7i chi\u1ebfu hai h\u1ed9p tr\u1ea7u, hai \u1ed1ng s\u00fac. M\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0a, quan Tri gi\u00e1m sai nha d\u1ecbch b\u1ea3o l\u00ednh l\u1ec7 s\u1eeda so\u1ea1n c\u01a1m tr\u01b0a, c\u1ed7 b\u00e0n c\u0169ng l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 l\u1eafm. C\u1ee9 l\u1ec7 th\u00ec do nh\u00e0 b\u1ebfp ri\u00eang quan Tri gi\u00e1m l\u00e0m c\u1ed7, m\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n th\u00ec d\u00e2n t\u1ea1o l\u1ec7 (6) cung \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 l\u1ea5y ti\u1ec1n thu\u1ebf c\u00e1c h\u1ed3 Huy V\u0103n. _______ (1) Nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1m t\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1eddng Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ecdc x\u01b0a. (2) S\u00f3c v\u1ecdng t\u1ee9c m\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y r\u1eb1m. (3) Chi\u1ebfu l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng tre, d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng thanh tre v\u00f3t nh\u1eb5n v\u00e0 nh\u1ecf b\u1ea3n, d\u00f9i l\u1ed7 x\u00e2u d\u00e2y gh\u00e9p li\u1ec1n th\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfu.","(4) B\u00f9i Huy B\u00edch (1744 \u2013 1818), hi\u1ec7u T\u00f4n Am, ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u00e3 \u0110\u1ecbnh C\u00f4ng, huy\u1ec7n Thanh Tr\u00ec, t\u1ec9nh h\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1eadu ho\u00e0ng gi\u00e1p n\u0103m 1769. (5) Th\u1ee7y chung l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc sau. (6) D\u00e2n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 x\u00e3 s\u1edf t\u1ea1i c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sung v\u00e0o l\u00e0m l\u00ednh l\u1ec7.","PH\u00c9P THI NGHI\u00caM M\u1eacT \u0110\u1eddi L\u00ea Trung h\u01b0ng, ph\u00e9p thi r\u1ea5t nghi\u00eam. Nh\u1eefng con nh\u00e0 h\u00e1t x\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ra thi. L\u1ed9c Kh\u00ea h\u1ea7u \u0110\u00e0o Duy T\u1eeb d\u1eabu t\u00e0i gi\u1ecfi, v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng hay, thi H\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00fang c\u00e1ch, ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec l\u00e0 con nh\u00e0 h\u00e1t x\u01b0\u1edbng m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i t\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ecbch kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed7. Chuy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y ta \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i t\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf trong Tang th\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u1eabu l\u1ee5c. V\u1ec1 sau c\u00f3 b\u00e0 Nh\u01b0 Kinh Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e1i phi v\u00e0 b\u00e0 A L\u1eef Bi\u1ec7n Tu Dung \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 con h\u00e1t m\u1edbi kh\u1edfi gia (1) l\u00ean, t\u1eeb b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd m\u1edbi b\u1ecf l\u1ec7 c\u1ea5m, cho c\u1ea3 con nh\u00e0 h\u00e1t x\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ra thi. Kh\u1ea3o quan m\u00e0 d\u1ee5ng t\u00ecnh ri\u00eang l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed7, c\u1ee9 ph\u00e9p tr\u1ecb t\u1ed9i c\u0169ng nghi\u00eam. Xem nh\u01b0 T\u00e0o S\u01a1n, L\u01b0\u01a1ng Nghi, Lam S\u01a1n, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n B\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00ec t\u01b0 t\u00fai v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c thi m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3 (2); Ng\u00f4 S\u00e1ch D\u1ee5, S\u00e1ch Tu\u00e2n \u1edf Tam S\u01a1n c\u0169ng v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c thi gian m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed9i gi\u1ea3o (3). V\u1ec1 sau, ch\u00ednh th\u1ec3 c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed3i b\u1ea1i, m\u1edbi c\u00f3 k\u1ebb l\u00e0m gian \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta truy\u1ec1n r\u1eb1ng: \u201cLan Kh\u00ea Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e3n, khi v\u00e0o thi H\u1ed9i, b\u00e0i v\u0103n s\u00e1ch l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p s\u1ee9c s\u00e1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u0103n s\u0129 l\u00e0m gi\u00fap, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng. Ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 k\u1ebb n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng th\u00e2n sinh ra \u00f4ng l\u00e0 quan Tham t\u1ee5ng Phong qu\u1eadn c\u00f4ng Hi\u1ec7u, m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh l\u00e0m t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e2u n\u0103m, c\u00e1c quan \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i ph\u1ee5ng m\u1ec7nh c\u1ea3. Khi \u1ea5y, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u00f4ng quan \u1edf Qu\u00e1n C\u00e1c b\u1ecb khi\u1ec3n tr\u00e1ch, ph\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0n t\u1ea3n. M\u1ed9t h\u00f4m Phong qu\u1eadn c\u00f4ng tri\u1ec7u v\u00e0o t\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ee7, \u00f4ng \u1ea5y v\u00e0o ng\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ee3i \u1edf nh\u00e0 trong, m\u00e3i l\u00e2u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u1ebft ki\u1ebfn. Ng\u1ed3i m\u00e3i th\u1ea5y tr\u00ean k\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec1 v\u0103n s\u00e1ch, m\u1edf ra xem \u0111i xem l\u1ea1i thu\u1ed9c h\u1ebft c\u1ea3. Su\u1ed1t ng\u00e0y, k\u1ebb nha d\u1ecbch h\u1ea7u h\u1ea1 kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3i r\u1ea5t t\u1eed t\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ebfn chi\u1ec1u tr\u1edf ra v\u1ec1, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft t\u00ecnh \u00fd ra sao. \u0110\u1ebfn khi V\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ee7 tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp c\u00e1c quan v\u0103n th\u1ea7n v\u00e0o b\u00e0n so\u1ea1n ng\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec3 ra thi, \u00f4ng quan \u1ea5y c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec7u v\u00e0o, li\u1ec1n ra ngay c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec1 v\u0103n s\u00e1ch n\u1ecd. B\u1edfi v\u1eady, Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e3n m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed7 h\u1ed9i nguy\u00ean. Chuy\u1ec7n tr\u00ean n\u00e0y c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng chuy\u1ec7n \u1edf \u0111\u1eddi Nam T\u1ed1ng, khi t\u1ec9nh th\u00ed ra b\u00e0i ph\u00fa \u201cNh\u1eadt tinh vi k\u1ef7\u201d (4) m\u00e0 T\u1ea7n Hi \u0111\u1ed7 Kh\u00f4i nguy\u00ean. Hai chuy\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3ng ph\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng nhau, \u00fd ch\u1eebng k\u1ebb hi\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 b\u1ecba \u0111\u1eb7t ra \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Ta l\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng nghe m\u1ed9t \u00f4ng l\u00e3o nho n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n r\u1eb1ng, n\u0103m M\u1eadu T\u00fd (1768) \u0111\u1eddi C\u1ea3nh H\u01b0ng, La Kh\u00ea - Ng\u00f4 Duy Vi\u00ean, \u0110\u1eb7ng \u0110i\u1ec1n - Ph\u1ea1m Nguy\u1ec5n Du, Trung C\u1ea7n - Nguy\u1ec5n Tr\u1ecdng \u0110ang, ba ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y l\u00e0 b\u1eadc danh l\u01b0u, c\u00f9ng l\u00e0m b\u1ea1n th\u00e2n thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau, th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdp nhau \u1edf b\u00ean c\u1ea7u D\u00e1t tr\u00ean s\u00f4ng T\u00f4 L\u1ecbch, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m v\u0103n, r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i c\u00f9ng b\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t cho nhau. M\u1ed9t h\u00f4m, so\u1ea1n ra m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec1, r\u1ed3i c\u00f9ng b\u1ea3o nhau r\u1eb1ng: \\\"\u0110\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y h\u1ee3p th\u1eddi l\u1eafm. \u0110\u1eb7ng \u0110i\u1ec1n Ph\u1ea1m huynh l\u00e2u nay \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ch\u00faa bi\u1ebft ti\u1ebfng, n\u1ebfu khoa thi H\u1ed9i sau n\u00e0y m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec7u v\u00e0o so\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec1, th\u00ec n\u00ean nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y\\\". T\u1eeb b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdp nhau l\u00e0m v\u0103n n\u1eefa. G\u1eb7p khi \u1ea5y, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t anh ch\u00e0ng s\u01a1 h\u1ecdc thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean \u1edf nh\u00e0 b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh, nghe l\u1ecfm bi\u1ebft, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m n\u00f3i ra. \u0110\u1ebfn khoa th\u1ecb H\u1ed9i n\u0103m K\u1ef7 S\u1eedu (1769) v\u00e0o k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec7 tam, Ph\u1ea1m \u0110\u1eb7ng \u0110i\u1ec1n b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh h\u1ecfng. V\u00e0o k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1ee9 th\u00ec ng\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec1 ra \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0o b\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, b\u1edfi v\u1eady Ng\u00f4 Duy Vi\u00ean v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Tr\u1ecdng \u0110ang, hai \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ea1i khoa. Vi\u1ec7c \u1ea5y c\u0169ng \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft. Ng\u00f4 Duy Vi\u00ean v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 quan B\u00ecnh ch\u01b0\u1edfng, Phan c\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u00f4ng Ng\u1ea1c (5), khi m\u1edbi v\u00e0o h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 l\u00e0m b\u00e0i ph\u00fa \u201cUy dung \u0111\u1ee9c kh\u00ed\u201d, l\u1eddi v\u0103n r\u1ea5t u\u1ea9n s\u00fac, Phan c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng khen l\u00e0 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi thi H\u1ed9i n\u0103m k\u1ef7 S\u1eedu (1769), quan gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u00f9 \u0110\u1ed5ng thi\u00ean v\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng nghe th\u1ea5y tr\u00ean ch\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng th\u00ec th\u00e0o b\u00e0n n\u00f3i, l\u1ea1i gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ecdc quy\u1ec3n \u1edf trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng thi. Khi Ng\u00f4 Duy Vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed7 h\u1ed9i nguy\u00ean, quy\u1ec3n thi sao truy\u1ec1n ra ngo\u00e0i d\u00e2n gian c\u00f3 c\u00e2u \u201cX\u00edch b\u00edch h\u1ee3p phi\u201d, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e2u \u00f4ng th\u1ee7 t\u1eeb nghe \u1edf trong \u0111\u1ec1n h\u00f4m tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Chuy\u1ec7n \u1ea5y c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft ra th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Khoa M\u1eadu Tu\u1ea5t (1778), quan Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e3o l\u00e0 Nh\u1eef \u0110\u00ecnh To\u1ea3n, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f4ng t\u1eed th\u1ee9 ba t\u00ean l\u00e0 V\u0169 v\u00e0o k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ecb, sau \u0111\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ea7u, trong quy\u1ec3n c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n ch\u1eef \u201cph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ee7ng ch\u1ee7ng\u201d. \u0110\u1ebfn c\u1eadu c\u00f4ng t\u1eed th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 t\u00ean l\u00e0 Ch\u00e2n, khi thi khoa Nh\u00e2m Th\u00ecn (1772) trong b\u00e0i t\u1ee9 l\u1ee5c c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ch\u1eef \u1ea5y. \u00d4ng Nguy\u1ec5n B\u00e1 D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng tr\u00edch nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u \u1ea5y ra c\u00e1o v\u1edbi ch\u00faa Tr\u1ecbnh, song ch\u00faa kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ebfn. Ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1i th\u00f3i l\u00e0m v\u0103n d\u00f9ng ch\u1eef, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 danh gia v\u1eabn b\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc nhau, kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean v\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u00e0 sinh nghi.","K\u1ef3 thi H\u1ed9i n\u0103m \u1ea4t M\u00f9i (1775), La Kh\u00ea - Nguy\u1ec5n Duy Nghi sung l\u00e0m kh\u1ea3o quan n\u1ed9i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u00e0 B\u00e1i \u00c2n - Nguy\u1ec5n Qu\u1ed1c Ng\u1ea1n v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 \u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc. B\u00e1i \u00c2n Nguy\u1ec5n c\u00f4ng khi nh\u1ecf c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ee5 nghi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi Minh T\u1ea3o - Nguy\u1ec5n Huy V\u01b0\u1ee3ng (6). G\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ef3 thi, Minh T\u1ea3o Nguy\u1ec5n c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m B\u00e1i \u00c2n Nguy\u1ec5n c\u00f4ng (7), m\u1eadt h\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u s\u01b0 truy\u1ec1n t\u00e2m \u1ea5n (8), ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 d\u00f2 xem quan th\u1ea7y l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 kh\u1ea3o c\u00f3 b\u1ea3o g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng. B\u00e1i \u00c2n Nguy\u1ec5n c\u00f4ng h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c bi\u1ec7n b\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3. Minh T\u1ea3o Nguy\u1ec5n c\u00f4ng t\u1ee9c m\u00ecnh ra c\u1eeda than r\u1eb1ng: \\\"Danh l\u1ee3i n\u00f3 l\u00e0m say \u0111\u1eafm l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ec7 l\u1eafm thay! Ch\u1ed7 th\u1ea7y tr\u00f2 m\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, hu\u1ed1ng chi l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c\\\". B\u00e1i \u00c2n Nguy\u1ec5n c\u00f4ng nghe ti\u1ebfng, m\u1edbi m\u1eddi Minh T\u1ea3o Nguy\u1ec5n c\u00f4ng l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i ngh\u1ec9 ch\u01a1i. Khoa \u1ea5y, hai \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed7 c\u1ea3. Sau \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n B\u00e1 D\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 d\u00e2ng s\u1edb kh\u1ea3i l\u00ean \u0111\u00e0n h\u1eb7c (9) vi\u1ec7c \u1ea5y. La Kh\u00ea Nguy\u1ec5n c\u00f4ng c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch b\u1ea3y quy\u1ec3n v\u0103n s\u00e1ch (10) khoa \u1ea5y c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1edd, song \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3. Nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ec7n \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nghe l\u1ecfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4i, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ee7 bi\u1ebft th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t k\u00e9m. _______ (1) Kh\u1edfi gia l\u00e0 v\u1eeba m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean h\u00e0ng gi\u00e0u sang. (2) T\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3 l\u00e0 t\u1ed9i \u0111i \u0111\u00e0y. (3) T\u1ed9i gi\u1ea3o l\u00e0 t\u1ed9i b\u1ecb x\u1eed treo c\u1ed5. (4) B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch vi\u1ebft l\u00e0 \u201cNh\u1eadt tinh vi k\u00fd\u201d. (5) T\u1ee9c Phan L\u00ea Phi\u00ean (1734 \u2013 1809), \u0111\u1ed7 ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 n\u0103m 1757, l\u00e0m quan \u0111\u1ebfn Binh b\u1ed9 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0, tri Qu\u1ed1c t\u1eed gi\u00e1m. (6) B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch vi\u1ebft Nguy\u1ec5n Huy V\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Minh T\u1ea3o. (7) B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch vi\u1ebft l\u00e0 B\u00e1i \u1ea5n Nguy\u1ec5n c\u00f4ng. (8) S\u01b0 truy\u1ec1n t\u00e2m \u1ea5n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 truy\u1ec1n cho in v\u00e0o l\u00f2ng. (9) \u0110\u00e0n h\u1eb7c l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch, b\u1eaft b\u1ebb. (10) X\u00e9t khoa \u1ea4t M\u00f9i (1775) c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn 16 quy\u1ec3n v\u0103n s\u00e1ch, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u00e2u \u201ctr\u00edch chu b\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9\u201d l\u00e0 c\u00e2u d\u1eb7n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m d\u1ea5u, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 b\u1ea3y quy\u1ec3n m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.","\u0110I\u1ec0M QU\u00c1I G\u1ede N\u0103m Nh\u00e2m Tu\u1ea5t, ph\u00eda t\u00e2y n\u00fai than \u0111a Xu\u00e2n An, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t con b\u00f2 sinh ra m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a con trai, ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y m\u00e0 l\u1edbn b\u1eb1ng tr\u1ebb 12, 13 tu\u1ed5i, c\u00f3 r\u00e2u. N\u00f3 \u0103n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft n\u00f3i. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ee3, cho \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 y\u00eau qu\u00e1i, l\u00e9n gi\u1ebft ch\u00f4n \u0111i. Sau b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch lan tr\u00e0n, ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi h\u01a1n th\u00e1ng m\u00e0 d\u00e2n \u1ea5p \u1ea5y ch\u1ebft c\u1ea3 tr\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh ng\u1ed5n ngang ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1edd ch\u1ebft. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i d\u1eddi \u0111i xa \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh. (1) M\u00f9a thu n\u0103m \u1ea4t S\u1eedu (1805) \u0111\u1eddi Gia Long, \u1edf S\u01a1n Nam, huy\u1ec7n Ti\u00ean L\u1eef, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 sinh ra m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a con trai hai \u0111\u1ea7u, t\u1eeb r\u1ed1n tr\u1edf l\u00ean chia ra hai th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ng\u1ea5n li\u1ec1n nhau. Kho\u1ea3ng gi\u1eefa hai c\u1ed5 l\u1ea1i m\u1ecdc ra m\u1ed9t b\u00e0n tay t\u00e1m ng\u00f3n, c\u00f2n th\u00ec hai tay hai ch\u00e2n c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec kh\u00e1c. Hai \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00ec m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng \u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ec9 l\u1ea5y s\u1eefa nh\u1ecf v\u00e0o cho, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y th\u00ec \u0111\u1ee9a b\u00e9 \u1ea5y ch\u1ebft. Quan \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 v\u1ebd h\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n t\u01b0 l\u00ean quan tr\u1ea5n B\u1eafc Th\u00e0nh. Kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1m qu\u00e1i g\u1edf g\u00ec. _______ (1) C\u1ea3 \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y trong b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch.","NGUY\u1ec4N K\u00cdNH Kho\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1eddi Ti\u1ec1n L\u00ea, \u1edf l\u00e0ng D\u1ecb N\u1eadu huy\u1ec7n Th\u1ea1ch Th\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecd Nguy\u1ec5n ngh\u00e8o \u0111\u00f3i, \u0111i \u0103n xin, v\u1ec1 sau, l\u00e0m t\u00ean phu qu\u00e9t ng\u00f5 \u1edf l\u00e0ng \u1ea5y, d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00e0 nh\u1ecf \u1edf ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u00f5, n\u1ea5u n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e8 t\u01b0\u01a1i b\u00e1n, l\u00e0m k\u1ebf sinh nhai. Sau nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u00e1i g\u00f2 nh\u1ecf, l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 ng\u00f2i n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y v\u00f2ng quanh; tr\u00ean g\u00f2 c\u00e2y c\u1ed1i um t\u00f9m. Anh h\u00e0ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea5y li\u1ec1n n\u00f3i v\u1edbi \u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edfng xin cho ch\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u1ee7i; d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n ch\u1eb7t tr\u1ee5i h\u1ebft c\u1ea3; cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng anh ta l\u00e0m nh\u00e0 l\u00ean g\u00f2 \u0111\u1ec3 \u1edf, v\u00e0 sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi con t\u00ean l\u00e0 K\u00ednh. Kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m Quang Thi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1eddi L\u00ea (1), l\u00e0m quan \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9c \u0110\u1eb7c ti\u1ebfn ph\u1ee5 qu\u1ed1c t\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n c\u1ea9m y v\u1ec7 \u0110\u00f4 ch\u1ec9 huy s\u1ee9. Khi nh\u00e0 M\u1ea1c kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, \u00f4ng ta c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf ph\u1ee7 T\u00e2y qu\u1ed1c c\u00f4ng ri\u00eang, h\u1ecd h\u00e0ng th\u00e2n th\u00edch nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m quan to. Ch\u00faa M\u1ea1c v\u00ec th\u1ebf sinh l\u00f2ng ghen gh\u00e9t. Nguy\u1ec5n K\u00ednh b\u00e8n c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi T\u1ee9 d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ea7u Ph\u1ea1m \u0110\u1ed3n, ph\u00f2 M\u1ea1c T\u00f4ng V\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u01b0ng hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh Trung nguy\u00ean ni\u00ean, chi\u1ebfm c\u1ee9 th\u00e0nh L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n, r\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1ea5y ch\u00e2u Kh\u00e2m, ch\u00e2u Li\u00eam c\u1ee7a Trung Hoa, r\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1ea5y c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u00e2u huy\u1ec7n t\u1ec9nh Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u00f4ng. V\u00ec v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c c\u1ed1ng ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 M\u1ea1c sang tri\u1ec1u Minh b\u1ecb ngh\u1ebdn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00e0 Minh tr\u00e1ch h\u1ecfi, ch\u00faa M\u1ea1c s\u1ee3, sai ng\u01b0\u1eddi chi\u00eau d\u1ee5 Nguy\u1ec5n K\u00ednh v\u1ec1 h\u00e0ng. K\u00ednh l\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 theo nh\u00e0 M\u1ea1c. Ch\u00faa M\u1ea1c m\u1edbi t\u1ee9 t\u00ednh (ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ban cho theo h\u1ecd nh\u00e0 vua), cho theo v\u1ec1 M\u1ea1c th\u1ecb, phong l\u00e0m T\u00e2y k\u1ef3 v\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u00f2n vua Ch\u00ednh Trung th\u00ec b\u1ecb qu\u00e2n Minh \u0111\u00e1nh thua, ch\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n, qu\u00e2n M\u1ea1c l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1nh cho tan t\u00e1c, ch\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng. Ph\u1ea1m \u0110\u1ed3n ch\u1ebft, Ch\u00ednh Trung r\u1ed3i c\u0169ng tuy\u1ec7t di\u1ec7t. M\u1ea1c K\u00ednh th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecd chung, m\u1ed9 t\u00e1ng \u1edf n\u00fai Th\u1ed5 S\u01a1n, l\u00e0ng C\u1ea7n Ki\u1ec7m. Con l\u00e0 Ng\u1ecdc Li\u1ec5n l\u1ea5y c\u00f4ng ch\u00faa Ph\u00fac Th\u00e0nh, l\u00e0m quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u1eb7c ti\u1ebfn tuy\u00ean l\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ea7n ph\u1ee5 qu\u1ed1c th\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n Trung qu\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed1c ph\u1ee7 T\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed1c ch\u01b0\u1edfng Ph\u1ee7 s\u1ef1, T\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n ph\u1ee7 T\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n l\u1ecbnh Th\u00e1i ph\u00f3 \u0110\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c c\u00f4ng (2). B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, th\u1ebf nh\u00e0 M\u1ea1c c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng suy. Ng\u1ecdc Li\u1ec5n ngh\u0129 m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng lao v\u00e0 l\u00e0 th\u00e2n th\u00edch nh\u00e0 vua, l\u1ea1i \u1edf ng\u00f4i tr\u1ecdng nh\u1eadm, lo bu\u1ed3n kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. \u1ede b\u00ean l\u00e0ng D\u1ecb N\u1eadu, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i c\u1ea7u, tr\u00ean l\u1ee3p m\u00e1i; nh\u00e2n l\u00fac r\u1ea3nh, Ng\u1ecdc Li\u1ec5n th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0ng ra ch\u01a1i \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1edd \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5y. Ng\u1ecdc Li\u1ec5n l\u00e0 tay qu\u1ed1c th\u1ee7 cao c\u1edd, kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. M\u1ed9t h\u00f4m, cu\u1ed9c \u0111ang say, \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 s\u1eafp nguy. Ch\u1ee3t th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 \u00f4ng gi\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9ng b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh m\u00e1ch cho v\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc, th\u00e0nh ra s\u1eafp thua l\u1ea1i h\u00f3a ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ng\u1ecdc Li\u1ec5n bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 d\u1ecb nh\u00e2n, m\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3n l\u00e3o v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0. L\u00e3o kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu v\u1ec1. Ng\u1ecdc Li\u1ec5n m\u1edbi h\u1ecfi vi\u1ec7c thi\u00ean h\u1ea1. L\u00e3o c\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 r\u1eb1ng: \\\"Qu\u00ea m\u00f9a nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i c\u00f2n bi\u1ebft g\u00ec, song ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 nh\u00e3 \u00fd \u00e2n c\u1ea7n h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ebfn, th\u00ec t\u00f4i xin k\u00ednh t\u1eb7ng m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt n\u00e0y\\\". N\u00f3i r\u1ed3i, gi\u1edf trong b\u1ecdc ra \u0111\u01b0a cho Ng\u1ecdc Li\u1ec5n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i v\u00ed b\u1eb1ng gi\u1ea5y. \u0110o\u1ea1n, c\u00e1o t\u1eeb ra \u0111i. \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0i m\u01b0\u01a1i b\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e2u n\u1eefa. Ng\u1ecdc Li\u1ec5n m\u1edbi gi\u1edf c\u00e1i v\u00ed \u1ea5y ra xem th\u00ec th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i k\u00ednh v\u1ee1 l\u00e0m hai m\u1ea3nh, m\u1ed9t b\u00ean vi\u1ebft ch\u1eef L\u00ea, m\u1ed9t b\u00ean vi\u1ebft ch\u1eef M\u1ea1c. Ng\u1ecdc Li\u1ec5n kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u \u00fd ra sao c\u1ea3, c\u1ea7m l\u1ea5y k\u00ednh ng\u1eafm ngh\u00eda m\u00e3i, th\u00ec th\u1ea5y ch\u1eef L\u00ea c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1eadm m\u00e0 to d\u1ea7n ra, ch\u1eef M\u1ea1c th\u00ec c\u1ee9 nh\u00e0n nh\u1ea1t m\u00e0 nh\u1ecf d\u1ea7n \u0111i. H\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 c\u00e1i k\u00ednh c\u0169ng th\u1ebf. Ng\u1ecdc Li\u1ec5n m\u1edbi t\u1ec9nh ng\u1ed9, b\u00e8n b\u1ecf c\u1ea3 nh\u00e0 c\u1eeda \u0111em c\u00fang ch\u00f9a, r\u1ed3i mang v\u1ee3 con \u0111i, v\u00ec th\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng m\u1eafc tai v\u1ea1. Sau, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi con g\u00e1i l\u00e0 M\u1ea1c Th\u1ecb Ng\u1ecdc \u0110\u0129nh \u1ea5m phong l\u00e0 qu\u1eadn ch\u00faa, l\u1ea5y quan Tr\u1ea5n th\u1ee7 \u0110\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 V\u00f5 Qu\u1ed1c C\u00f4ng. N\u0103m D\u01b0\u01a1ng H\u00f2a (3) c\u00f3 tr\u00f9ng tu l\u1ea1i ch\u00f9a D\u1ecb N\u1eadu v\u00e0 truy ti\u1ebfn cha m\u1eb9 ph\u1ee5 h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1edf ch\u00f9a \u1ea5y. Hi\u1ec7n c\u00f2n bia kh\u1eafc truy\u1ec1n l\u1ea1i. X\u00e9t quan \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc s\u0129 nh\u00e0 Thanh l\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Ng\u1ecdc Th\u01b0 ph\u1ee5ng so\u1ea1n b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch Minh s\u1eed li\u1ec7t truy\u1ec7n, c\u00f3 ph\u1ee5 ch\u00e9p truy\u1ec7n Nguy\u1ec5n K\u00ednh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi huy\u1ec7n Th\u1ea1ch Th\u1ea5t l\u00e0 k\u1ebb c\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea7n nh\u00e0 M\u1ea1c, gi\u00fap vua Ch\u00ednh Trung chi\u1ebfm c\u1ee9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eeda ph\u1ea7n n\u01b0\u1edbc Nam, \u0111\u00e1nh sang c\u1ea3 ch\u00e2u Kh\u00e2m, ch\u00e2u Li\u00eam, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Minh ph\u1ea3i lo s\u1ee3. Chuy\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf m\u00e0 Nam s\u1eed kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y ch\u00e9p th\u00ec s\u01a1 l\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e1. T\u1ec9nh H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng m\u1ea1n s\u00f4ng H\u1ed3ng, s\u00f4ng Kinh c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u mi\u1ebfu nh\u1ecf th\u1edd T\u1ee9 d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ea7u. T\u1ee5c truy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 th\u1edd m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb chi\u1ebfn t\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a ch\u1ebft tr\u00f4i \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u00f4ng, th\u00e2y tr\u00f4i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u th\u00ec \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5y sinh ra b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch. D\u00e2n c\u01b0 ph\u1ea3i l\u1eadp mi\u1ebfu th\u1edd. \u0110\u00f3 t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u00e0 M\u1ea1c khi x\u01b0a, t\u00ean l\u00e0 Ph\u1ea1m \u0110\u1ed3n.","_____ (1) Quang Thi\u1ec7u (1516 \u2013 1522) l\u00e0 ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u L\u00ea Chi\u00eau T\u00f4ng. (2) \u0110\u1eb7c ti\u1ebfn\u2026 \u0110\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c c\u00f4ng: ch\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a Ng\u1ecdc Li\u1ec5n. (3) D\u01b0\u01a1ng H\u00f2a (1635 \u2013 1643) l\u00e0 ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u L\u00ea Ch\u00e2n T\u00f4ng.","VI\u1ec6C THI C\u1eec \u0110\u1eddi Quang H\u01b0ng (1), khoa thi n\u0103m Nh\u00e2m Th\u00ecn (1592) l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ea1i khoa c\u00f3 ba ng\u01b0\u1eddi: Tr\u1ecbnh C\u1ea3nh Th\u1ee5y, Ng\u00f4 Tr\u00ed H\u00f2a, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi cha l\u00e0 Ng\u00f4 Tr\u00ed Tri m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd ch\u01b0a kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Trung \u0110\u00f4, c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i m\u1edf thi H\u1ed9i \u1edf h\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i Ph\u1ed5 L\u1ea1i (2). Sau binh h\u1ecfa, h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh hoang ph\u1ebf, khi \u0111\u1ea7u b\u00e0i y\u1ebft ra, h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1edb thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ef1oc h\u1ebft. Ng\u00f4 Tr\u00ed Tri b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i s\u00e1u tu\u1ed5i, c\u0169ng c\u00f2n \u0111i v\u00e0o thi H\u1ed9i. Con l\u00e0 Tr\u00ed H\u00f2a v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc r\u1ed9ng hay ch\u1eef. L\u00fac v\u00e0o thi, Tr\u00ed H\u00f2a thu\u1ed9c l\u00f2ng c\u1ea3, c\u1ee9 vi\u1ebft ra t\u1eebng c\u00e2u \u0111\u01b0a cho cha. Song l\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a cha \u0111\u00f3ng c\u00e1ch xa, l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i nh\u1edd m\u1ed9t l\u1ec1u \u1edf gi\u1eefa l\u00e0 Tr\u1ecbnh C\u1ea3nh Th\u1ee5y. Tr\u00ed H\u00f2a c\u1ee9 v\u1ee9t qua l\u1ec1u \u1ea5y nh\u1edd \u0111\u01b0a cho cha v\u00ec th\u1ebf Tr\u1ecbnh C\u00f4ng v\u00e0 Tr\u00ed Tri \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o tr\u00fang c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ea1i khoa. Xem th\u1ebf th\u00ec bi\u1ebft v\u0103n v\u1eadn th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd v\u00e0 c\u00e1i s\u1ed1 kh\u1ed1n c\u00f9ng hay ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta v\u1eady. H\u1ecd Ninh \u1edf x\u00e3 C\u00f4i Tr\u00ec, t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ninh X\u00e1, huy\u1ec7n Ch\u00ed Linh. Kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m H\u1ed3ng \u0110\u1ee9c tri\u1ec1u L\u00ea, sau khi lo\u1ea1n l\u1ea1c, \u0111i\u1ec1n th\u1ed5 b\u1ecf hoang nhi\u1ec1u, m\u1edbi c\u00f3 l\u1ec7nh cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi khai hoang, l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao nhi\u00eau l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh b\u1ea5y nhi\u00eau. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u1ebf gia h\u00e0o h\u1eefu c\u1ee9 t\u00f9y s\u1ee9c m\u00e0 khai kh\u1ea9n. Khi th\u00e0nh ru\u1ed9ng r\u1ed3i th\u00ec khai s\u1ed1 ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0a l\u00ean b\u1ed9 H\u1ed9, xin l\u00e0m ru\u1ed9ng t\u01b0, nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u00e9p \u201cchi\u1ebfm x\u1ea1\u201d. H\u1ecd Ninh khi x\u01b0a khai kh\u1ea9n \u1edf huy\u1ec7n Y\u00ean M\u00f4, sau nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ee5 h\u1ecdp, m\u1edbi t\u00e1ch ra l\u00e0m x\u00e3 C\u00f4i Tr\u00ec. \u0110\u1eddi g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 Ninh \u0110\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed7 H\u1ed9i Nguy\u00ean, c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng hay ch\u1eef. \u0110\u1ebfn Ninh T\u1ed1n (3), bi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u M\u1eabn Hi\u00ean (c\u00f2n c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u Chuy\u1ebft S\u01a1n) l\u00e0 ch\u00e1u g\u1ecdi Ninh \u0110\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng ch\u00fa. Khi hai m\u01b0\u01a1i tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed7 tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh, r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ed7 h\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ed1ng, v\u0103n t\u1eeb r\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u1ed5 k\u00ednh. Kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m C\u1ea3nh H\u01b0ng, s\u0129 t\u1eadp suy k\u00e9m, v\u0103n th\u1ec3 h\u1ee7 l\u1eadu, Tr\u1ecbnh T\u0129nh V\u01b0\u01a1ng mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebfn c\u1ea3i m\u00e0 ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. M\u1ed9t h\u00f4m, T\u0129nh V\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u1ef1 ch\u01a1i n\u00fai D\u1ee5c Th\u00fay, th\u1ea5y kho\u1ea3ng v\u00e1ch ch\u00f9a tr\u00ean n\u00fai c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i th\u01a1, V\u01b0\u01a1ng bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a M\u1eabn Hi\u00ean li\u1ec1n cho tri\u1ec7u v\u00e0o l\u00e0m Phi\u00ean li\u00ean Thi\u00eam ph\u00f3, r\u1ed3i th\u0103ng ch\u1ee9c Ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec1u Thi\u00eam sai Tri phi\u00ean. \u00d4ng r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00faa Tr\u1ecbnh y\u00eau m\u1ebfn. Trong t\u1eadp th\u01a1 Ngh\u1ec7 An thi t\u1eadp (4) \u00f4ng B\u00f9i Huy B\u00edch c\u00f3 c\u00e2u: \u201cM\u1eabn Hi\u00ean c\u01b0 s\u0129 kim t\u00e0i t\u1eed. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 thi\u00ean sai li\u1ec7t c\u1ed5 khanh\u201d ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201c\u00d4ng M\u1eabn Hi\u00ean c\u01b0 s\u0129 l\u00e0 t\u00e0i t\u1eed \u0111\u1eddi nay, l\u00e0m ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 thi\u00ean sai, l\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c li\u1ec7t khanh \u0111\u1eddi x\u01b0a\u201d; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0o Ninh T\u1ed1n v\u1eady. Khoa thi H\u1ed9i n\u0103m Gi\u00e1p Ng\u1ecd (1774)[8], k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec7 tam, \u00f4ng M\u1eabn Hi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o tr\u00fang c\u00e1ch, m\u00e0 \u00f4ng Ph\u1ea1m Nguy\u1ec5n Du ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1eb7ng \u0110i\u1ec1n th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o. Hai \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00faa Tr\u1ecbnh y\u00eau m\u1ebfn, m\u00e0 ch\u01a1i v\u1edbi nhau c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1eafc. Khi \u0111\u00e3 y\u1ebft b\u1ea3ng k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec7 tam r\u1ed3i, Th\u1ea1ch \u0110\u1ed9ng Ph\u1ea1m c\u00f4ng (5) c\u00f3 \u0111i v\u00f5ng qua nh\u00e0 tr\u1ecd \u00f4ng M\u1eabn Hi\u00ean. \u00d4ng M\u1eabn Hi\u00ean bi\u1ebft \u00f4ng \u1ea5y \u0111i v\u00e0o h\u1ea7u trong Tr\u1ecbnh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 ra \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec1, n\u00ean c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00f3n \u1edf c\u1eeda. \u0110\u1ebfn khi tr\u1edf v\u1ec1, M\u1eabn Hi\u00ean c\u1ee9 tr\u00f4ng theo v\u00e0o v\u00f5ng Ph\u1ea1m c\u00f4ng, hai \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u g\u00ec c\u1ea3. Ph\u1ea1m c\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i ti\u1ec3u ch\u00fa trong s\u00e1ch Lu\u1eadn ng\u1eef (6) v\u1ec1 \u0111o\u1ea1n: \\\"tam tr\u1ea7n c\u1eedu qu\u00e1i chung \u01b0 t\u1ed1n d\u0129 h\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n nhi d\u0129\\\". \u00d4ng M\u1eabn Hi\u00ean bi\u1ebft \u00fd, s\u1edbm h\u00f4m sau s\u1eafp v\u00e0o k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1ee9, b\u00e8n x\u00e9 hai trang v\u1ec1 \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u00e1ch: \\\"Tam tr\u1ea7n c\u1eedu qu\u00e1i\\\" trong Kinh D\u1ecbch h\u1ec7 t\u1eeb, gi\u1eaft \u0111em v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110\u1ea7u b\u00e0i v\u0103n s\u00e1ch y\u1ebft ra, h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1edb thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ebft. Ch\u1ea5m xong, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u0103m quy\u1ec3n d\u00e2ng l\u00ean ch\u00faa Tr\u1ecbnh xem, th\u00ec quy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 An V\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n L\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u1ed5 v\u0103n \u0111\u1ec1u h\u01a1n c\u1ea3, \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111o\u1ea1n kim v\u0103n h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c khu x\u1eed c\u00f5i Nam th\u00ec trong quy\u1ec3n Nguy\u1ec5n L\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 c\u00e2u \\\"s\u00e1i nh\u00e2n t\u1ea5t vi ng\u00f4\\\". Ch\u00faa Tr\u1ecbnh c\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 r\u1eb1ng: \\\"Quy\u1ec3n n\u00e0y, h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n th\u00ec \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, nh\u01b0ng v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi cu\u1ed9c th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c am hi\u1ec3u, h\u00e3y \u0111\u00e1nh h\u1ecfng \u0111i \u0111\u1ec3 cho t\u00e0i tr\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e0 d\u1eb7n\\\". C\u00f2n b\u1ed1n quy\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o tr\u00fang c\u00e1ch l\u00e0: Ph\u1ea1m Tr\u1ecdng Huy\u1ebfn, Chu Do\u00e3n L\u1ec7, Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u00ec, \u0111\u1ec1u l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed7 v\u1ec1 kim v\u0103n c\u1ea3. Quy\u1ec3n \u00f4ng Ninh T\u1ed1n th\u00ec kim v\u0103n am luy\u1ec7n (7), c\u1ed5 v\u0103n c\u00f3 \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00ean \\\"Tam tr\u1ea7n c\u1eedu qu\u00e1i\\\" r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, duy \u0111o\u1ea1n d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u1ea1i s\u00f3t m\u1ea5t qu\u1ebb Ki\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0\u1eddng ngh\u0129a s\u00e1ch. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00ec x\u00e9 hai trang m\u00e0 h\u1ee5t m\u1ea5t \u0111o\u1ea1n d\u01b0\u1edbi. Sau Ninh T\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ed7 H\u1ed9i nguy\u00ean, Th\u1ea1ch \u0110\u1ed9ng Ph\u1ea1m c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1eebng c\u00e2u th\u01a1 n\u00f4m b\u1ee1n r\u1eb1ng: \u201cSinh \u0111\u1ed3 ba chu\u00f4i nh\u1edd h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea5t, Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 n\u1eeda c\u00e2u c\u1eady b\u1ea3ng tr\u1eddi\u201d, l\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u00fd","\u00e1m ch\u1ec9 v\u1eady. X\u00e9t \u0111\u1eddi x\u01b0a tuy\u1ec3n h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 \u1edf trong nh\u00e0 h\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ecdc, k\u00e9n ch\u1ecdn l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ea1nh v\u1edbi v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7, th\u00ec v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 v\u1eabn th\u1ee9 y\u1ebfu. \u0110\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 H\u00e1n, thi tuy\u1ec3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec1n l\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1edbi l\u1ea5y v\u0103n t\u1eeb l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 ra v\u0103n thi h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea1i ngh\u0129a trong kinh truy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 tri \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ed5 kim, c\u00f9ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 \u00fd theo \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ed5. V\u1eady n\u00ean th\u1eddi \u1ea5y c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec1n l\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0110\u1ed5ng, h\u1ecd Gi\u1ea3, h\u1ecd L\u01b0u, h\u1ecd D\u01b0\u01a1ng (8) \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1edd v\u0103n h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng. T\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi T\u00f9y, \u0111\u1eddi \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 sau, b\u1ecf s\u00e1ch lu\u1eadn m\u00e0 thi b\u1eb1ng th\u01a1 ph\u00fa. H\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 \u0111\u1eddi \u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0m ch\u00e2u nh\u1ea3 ng\u1ecdc, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 s\u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea3. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111em ra d\u1ee5ng th\u1ebf th\u00ec v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 l\u1ea1i chia ra l\u00e0m hai. \u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi T\u1ed1ng, kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m Hi Ninh, \u00f4ng V\u01b0\u01a1ng An Th\u1ea1ch l\u1ea1i l\u1ea5y s\u00e1ch lu\u1eadn thi h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2. \u0110\u1eddi \u1ea5y s\u0129 t\u1eadp \u0111\u00e3 quen r\u1ed3i, h\u1ecd cho r\u1eb1ng thi s\u00e1ch lu\u1eadn l\u00e0 m\u1edbi l\u1ea1, n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u n\u1ed5i l\u00ean b\u00e0i b\u00e1c. Nh\u01b0ng sau c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i theo, d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n m\u1edbi kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i l\u1ed1i thi s\u00e1ch lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1eddi nh\u00e0 H\u00e1n. \u00d4ng Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ed3ng Ph\u1ee7 khi v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i s\u00e1ch ch\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00ecnh, vua Hi\u1ebfu T\u00f4ng khen l\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u00e1i h\u1ecdc kinh bang t\u1ebf th\u1ebf, l\u1ea5u l\u00ean cho l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9c Ph\u00e1n quan \u0111\u1ea5t Ki\u1ebfn Khang. \u00d4ng V\u0103n Thi\u00ean T\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 b\u00e0i s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i, c\u00e1c quan \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i khen r\u1eb1ng v\u0103n \u00f4ng \\\"c\u1ed5 ngh\u1ecb nh\u01b0 qui gi\u00e1m, trung can nh\u01b0 thi\u1ebft th\u1ea1ch\\\" (9), m\u1eebng l\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec1n. V\u00ec l\u1ed1i v\u0103n s\u00e1ch lu\u1eadn, phi ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t c\u1ea3 kinh truy\u1ec7n, bao h\u00e0m c\u1ea3 c\u1ed5 kim, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ea5u t\u1ee9 m\u00e0 h\u1ea1 b\u00fat vi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. T\u1eeb khi thi h\u00e0nh ph\u00e9p khoa c\u1eed m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3ng ph\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i \u00fd c\u1ed5 nh\u00e2n l\u1ea5y h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2, th\u00ec duy c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t khoa \u1ea5y m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. \u0110\u1eddi L\u00ea, n\u0103m Thu\u1eadn Thi\u00ean (10), \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e9p khoa c\u1eed, l\u1ea5y th\u1ec3 v\u0103n s\u00e1ch lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 thi h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2. T\u1eeb n\u0103m Thi\u1ec7u B\u00ecnh (11) tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 sau, k\u00e9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec1n t\u00e0i l\u1eafm. Ta th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u1eefng v\u0103n \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a V\u00f5 Du\u1ec7 (12), L\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u1ebf Vinh (13), l\u1ed1i v\u0103n r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i m\u00f4ng m\u00eanh, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb s\u0129 n\u00f4ng n\u1ed5i \u0111\u1eddi sau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. T\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi Trung h\u01b0ng tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 sau, ph\u00e9p thi c\u00e0ng thi\u00ean l\u1ec7ch m\u00e3i \u0111i. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea7u b\u00e0i v\u0103n s\u00e1ch thi H\u1ed9i, thi H\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ef1 trong S\u00fay ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0a ra. Nguy\u00ean trong S\u00fay ph\u1ee7 ph\u1ea3i m\u1eadt tri\u1ec7u v\u00e0i quan v\u0103n th\u1ea7n v\u00e0o ph\u1ee5ng so\u1ea1n, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ng\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec1; c\u00e1c quan so\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 ra nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u hi\u1ec3m h\u00f3c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho kh\u00f3. B\u00e0i v\u0103n ch\u1ebf s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i th\u00ec sai quan \u0110\u1ed3ng Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 ph\u1ee5ng so\u1ea1n. Quan so\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed7 cu\u1ed1i h\u00e0ng tam gi\u00e1p th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n cho ai h\u01a1n m\u00ecnh, n\u00ean ra \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec1 th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ea5t hi\u1ec3m h\u00f3c. B\u1edfi v\u1eady, h\u00e0ng tam kh\u00f4i l\u00e0 Tr\u1ea1ng nguy\u00ean, B\u1ea3ng nh\u00e3n, Th\u00e1m hoa th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee7, c\u00f3 khi ch\u1ec9 l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ebfn Nh\u1ecb gi\u00e1p ho\u1eb7c Tam gi\u00e1p m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. \u00d4i! C\u00e1i t\u1ec7 khoa c\u1eed \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf l\u00e0 c\u00f9ng! V\u0103n v\u1eadn v\u1edbi th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng k\u00e9m, th\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e1ng than thay! Th\u1ea1ch \u0110\u1ed9ng Ph\u1ea1m c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e2u th\u01a1 n\u00f4m r\u1eb1ng: \u201cSinh \u0111\u1ed3 ba chu\u00f4i nh\u1edd h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea5t, Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 n\u1eeda c\u00e2u c\u1eady b\u1ea3ng tr\u1eddi\u201d (14). \u0110\u1eddi L\u00ea c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7t ra khoa \u0110\u00f4ng c\u00e1c. C\u1ee9 l\u1ec7 th\u00ec t\u1eeb quan tam ph\u1ea9m tr\u1edf xu\u1ed1ng, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed7 \u0111\u00ecnh nguy\u00ean, h\u1ed9i nguy\u00ean, h\u01b0\u01a1ng nguy\u00ean, m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o thi khoa \u0110\u00f4ng c\u00e1c. Ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed7 tam nguy\u00ean th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o c\u00f3 thi \u0111\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 khoa c\u00f3 ng\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec1 tuy\u1ec3n c\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ea1i khoa, c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi khoa \u0110\u00f4ng c\u00e1c. \u00c2n \u0111i\u1ec3n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi \u0111\u1ed7 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n h\u1eadu h\u01a1n ch\u1ebf khoa ti\u1ebfn s\u0129, th\u1ef1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khoa \u0111\u1eb7c c\u00e1ch v\u1eady. V\u00f5 Tr\u1ea5n, khi ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ed7, th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ed9ng th\u1ea5y ra xem y\u1ebft b\u1ea3ng \u1edf Qu\u1ea3ng V\u0103n \u0110\u00ecnh, th\u1ea5y h\u00e0ng tr\u00ean c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u00ean, n\u00e9t ch\u1eef r\u1eadm qu\u00e1, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u1edb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c; \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ean th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 V\u00f5 Tr\u1ea5n, th\u1ee9 ba l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ebf[25]. V\u00f5 Tr\u1ea5n ngh\u0129 m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t anh h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 \u00e1o v\u1ea3i, m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ea3ng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec3n qu\u00ed, t\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u1ea5y, n\u00ean trong b\u1ee5ng ngh\u0129 v\u01a1 v\u1ea9n, ch\u1ec9 th\u1edf d\u00e0i m\u00e0 b\u1ecf qua. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m B\u1ea3o Th\u00e1i (15) Gi\u00e1p Th\u00ecn (1724), V\u00f5 Tr\u1ea5n thi \u0111\u1ed7 \u0110\u1ed3ng tam gi\u00e1p ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 xu\u1ea5t th\u00e2n, \u00f4ng m\u1edbi c\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00e1i m\u1ed9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 h\u00e3o huy\u1ec1n. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m B\u1ea3o Th\u00e1i th\u1ee9 ch\u00edn (1728) ch\u00faa Tr\u1ecbnh Hi T\u1ed5 (Tr\u1ecbnh C\u01b0\u01a1ng) c\u00f3 b\u00e0n m\u1edf khoa thi \u0110\u00f4ng c\u00e1c. B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ebf v\u1ec1 tri\u1ec1u m\u00e0 \u1ee9ng th\u00ed \u0110\u00f4ng c\u00e1c. V\u00f5 Tr\u1ea5n thu\u1eadt l\u1ea1i c\u00e1i m\u1ed9ng ng\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1eebng. Sau qu\u1ea3 nhi\u00ean khoa thi \u1ea5y l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed7 ba ng\u01b0\u1eddi: m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00fang c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 Ph\u1ea1m Khi\u00eam \u00cdch (16), ch\u1ee9c L\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 t\u1ea3 th\u1ecb lang Thu\u1eadt qu\u1eadn c\u00f4ng; hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eefa tr\u00fang c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 V\u00f5 Tr\u1ea5n, ch\u1ee9c Binh b\u1ed9 c\u1ea5p s\u1ef1 trung th\u1ef1","H\u00e0n l\u00e2m vi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u th\u1ea3o v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ebf, ch\u1ee9c T\u1ef1 khanh ki\u00eam T\u1ebf t\u1eedu. Xem th\u1ebf th\u00ec bi\u1ebft khoa gi\u00e1p v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 v\u1eady. L\u1ec7 c\u0169 ai \u0111\u1ed7 khoa \u0110\u00f4ng c\u00e1c, khi vinh qui c\u1ea3 d\u00e2n b\u1ea3n t\u1ed5ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ee5c d\u1ecbch; l\u00e0m nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 th\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng g\u1ed7 lim, l\u1ee3p ng\u00f3i, \u0111\u1ed9 ba gian, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 d\u00e2n phu trong b\u1ea3n t\u1ed5ng, b\u1ea3n huy\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ee5c d\u1ecbch. Khi Ph\u1ea1m Khi\u00eam \u00cdch \u0111\u1ed7 khoa \u0110\u00f4ng c\u00e1c v\u1ec1 vinh qui, \u00f4ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0ng t\u1ed5ng ngh\u00e8o c\u00f9ng, n\u00ean mi\u1ec5n cho kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft ch\u1ecbu c\u00e1i ph\u00ed t\u1ed5n l\u00e0m nh\u00e0 n\u1eefa. Ai c\u0169ng l\u1ea5y l\u00e0m c\u1ea3m \u01a1n, sau t\u00f4n \u00f4ng l\u00e0m h\u1eadu th\u1ea7n, th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u0103m xu\u00e2n thu c\u00fang t\u1ebf, m\u1ed5 tr\u00e2u v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e1m, b\u00e1o c\u00e1i \u01a1n \u0111\u1ee9c \u1ea5y. Sau khi nh\u00e0 L\u00ea m\u1ea5t, h\u1eadu th\u1ea7n c\u00e1c l\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecf kh\u00f4ng c\u00fang t\u1ebf n\u1eefa, duy c\u00f3 gi\u1ed7 h\u1eadu Ph\u1ea1m c\u00f4ng th\u00ec l\u00e0ng v\u1eabn l\u1ea5y l\u1ee3n thay tr\u00e2u b\u00f2 c\u00fang t\u1ebf , kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m b\u1ecf. Xem th\u1ebf m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft c\u00e1i \u01a1n di \u00e1i (17) \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta v\u1eabn nh\u1edb m\u00e3i kh\u00f4ng qu\u00ean. Tri\u1ec1u L\u00ea \u0111\u00e3i h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 r\u1ea5t h\u1eadu, n\u00e0o l\u00e0 tr\u00e2m, h\u1ed1t, hoa b\u00e0o, du nhai, t\u1ee9 y\u1ebfn (18), l\u1ea1i phong cho cha m\u1eb9, \u1ea5m cho con ch\u00e1u, vinh qui \u00e1o g\u1ea5m v\u1ec1 l\u00e0ng, r\u1ea5t vinh d\u1ef1. H\u1eadu \u0111\u00e3i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 r\u1ed3i. C\u00f2n \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 l\u00e0m nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 th\u1ea5t, ph\u1ee5c d\u1ecbch vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed5 v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00e2n c\u1ea3, th\u00ec d\u00e2n h\u00e0ng t\u1ed5ng ch\u1ecbu l\u00e0m sao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ea1i khoa, m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 h\u00e0ng t\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ee5c d\u1ecbch, l\u00e0m nh\u00e0 c\u1eeda cho m\u00ecnh, l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i m\u1edf y\u1ebfn ti\u1ec7c khao m\u1eebng, \u0111\u00e3i d\u00e2n h\u00e0ng t\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng lao, th\u1ebf t\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i xoay x\u1edf \u0111i vay m\u01b0\u1ee3n cho xong vi\u1ec7c. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 k\u1ebb ch\u1ec9 d\u00f2m l\u1ea5y con g\u00e1i nh\u00e0 gi\u00e0u m\u00e0 b\u1ecf v\u1ee3 tao khang, ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ecbu ti\u1ebfng lu\u1ed3n l\u1ecfi \u0111i vay l\u00e3i m\u00e0 k\u00fd li\u1ec1u v\u0103n kh\u1ebf. Th\u00f3i quen \u1ea5y t\u00edch t\u1ec7 t\u1eeb l\u00e2u, n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1i ti\u1ebfng \u00f4ng Ngh\u00e8 \u0111eo n\u1ee3, b\u00e0 Ngh\u00e8 mua ch\u1ed3ng; nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf m\u00e0 mong ng\u01b0\u1eddi ra l\u00e0m quan gi\u1eef li\u00eam khi\u1ebft, kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p l\u00e0m c\u00e0n, th\u00ec sao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. X\u00e9t kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m C\u1ea3nh H\u01b0ng, c\u00e1i t\u1ec7 b\u00e0 Ngh\u00e8 mua ch\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 xi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Khoa \u0110inh S\u1eedu (1757), Ph\u1ea1m Ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed7, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00e0 gi\u00e0u g\u1ea3 cho con g\u00e1i, giao \u01b0\u1edbc xin ch\u1ecbu h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng ti\u1ec1n ph\u00ed t\u1ed5n l\u00fac vinh qui. L\u00fac vinh qui, \u1ea3 nh\u00e0 gi\u00e0u c\u1ee9 tranh \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e0 v\u1ee3 c\u1ea3. B\u00e0 v\u1ee3 c\u1ea3 m\u1edbi th\u01b0a v\u00e0o trong tri\u1ec1u, tri\u1ec1u ngh\u1ecb b\u1eaft l\u1ed7i \u00f4ng Ngh\u00e8, \u0111\u00ecnh vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5t nh\u1eafc. Khoa Nh\u00e2m Th\u00ecn (1772), V\u00f5 T\u00f4n Di\u1ec5m, Nguy\u1ec5n B\u00e1 T\u00f4n, hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed7, L\u00ea Qu\u00fd \u0110\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111em ch\u00e1u g\u00e1i g\u1ea3 cho. V\u1ec1 sau, V\u00f5 T\u00f4n Di\u1ec5m, v\u1ee3 c\u1ea3 v\u1ee3 l\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu nh\u01b0\u1eddng nhau, m\u1edbi ph\u00e2n r\u1ebd ra \u1edf l\u00e0m hai nh\u00e0. C\u00f2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ee3 c\u1ea3 Nguy\u1ec5n B\u00e1 T\u00f4n, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ee3 l\u1ebd, t\u1ee9c gi\u1eadn qu\u00e1 th\u00e0nh ch\u1ee9ng \u0111i\u00ean. Cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m C\u1ea3nh H\u01b0ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 truy\u1ec1n ra c\u1ea5m h\u1eb3n. T\u1eeb n\u0103m M\u1eadu Tu\u1ea5t (1778) tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 sau, c\u00e1i t\u1ec7 \u1ea5y m\u1edbi b\u1edbt d\u1ea7n \u0111i. Quan Huy\u1ec7n th\u1eeba t\u00ean l\u00e0 V\u00f5 \u0110\u1ed9, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Y\u00ean Th\u00e1i, d\u00f2ng nh\u00e0 gi\u00e0u; t\u1eeb khi huy\u1ec7n th\u1eeba m\u1ea5t r\u1ed3i, nh\u00e0 c\u0169ng s\u00fat k\u00e9m, c\u00f3 sinh h\u1ea1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t trai m\u1ed9t g\u00e1i. B\u00e0 v\u1ee3 v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec7m ch\u1eaft chiu n\u00ean v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ec1n n\u1ebfp, th\u1ec3 di\u1ec7n, kh\u00f4ng sa s\u00fat m\u1ea5y. N\u0103m \u1ea4t M\u00f9i (1775) \u0111\u1eddi C\u1ea3nh H\u01b0ng, Nguy\u1ec5n Qu\u1ed1c Ng\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ea1i khoa m\u00e0 ch\u01b0a v\u1ee3, b\u00e0 v\u1ee3 Huy\u1ec7n th\u1eeba trong b\u1ee5ng l\u1ea5y l\u00e0m h\u00e2m m\u1ed9, m\u1edbi mua \u01a1n cho vay m\u01b0\u1ee3n gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1, r\u1ed3i nh\u1edd m\u1ee5 m\u1ed1i bu\u1ed9c g\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi con g\u00e1i cho Nguy\u1ec5n c\u00f4ng. Nguy\u1ec5n c\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn, bao nhi\u00eau ti\u1ec1n ph\u00ed t\u1ed5n l\u00fac vinh qui, \u0111\u1ec1u do b\u00e0 t\u00e2n phu nh\u00e2n b\u1ecf ra c\u1ea3. Nguy\u1ec5n c\u00f4ng l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f2n th\u1ee5 ch\u1ee9c khoa c\u1ea5p, vi\u1ec7c quan nh\u00e0n r\u1ed7i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 ti\u00eau. B\u00e0 t\u00e2n phu nh\u00e2n li\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 m\u01b0u t\u00ednh v\u1edbi m\u1eb9, \u0111i vay gi\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1m tr\u0103m quan ti\u1ec1n, ch\u1ea1y ch\u1ecdt \u0111\u00fat l\u00f3t trong n\u1ed9i ph\u1ee7. Quan ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 m\u1edbi ph\u1ee5ng ch\u1ec9 b\u1ed5 cho Nguy\u1ec5n c\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed3ng x\u1ee9 S\u01a1n Nam. \u1ede ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi x\u01b0\u1edbng danh xong, th\u00ec Nguy\u1ec5n c\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1ec7nh ch\u1ebft. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao l\u00e2u, b\u00e0 Huy\u1ec7n th\u1eeba c\u0169ng m\u1ea5t, gia k\u1ebf m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t k\u00e9m. Sau khi nh\u00e0 L\u00ea m\u1ea5t r\u1ed3i, b\u00e0 Ngh\u00e8 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n m\u1eafc n\u1ee3 m\u00e3i. _______ (1) Quang H\u01b0ng (1578 \u2013 1599) l\u00e0 ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u L\u00ea Th\u1ebf T\u00f4ng. (2) Ph\u1ed5 l\u1ea1i t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Ph\u1ea3 L\u1ea1i b\u00e2y gi\u1edd. H\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i l\u00e0 n\u01a1i vua ngh\u1ec9 t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi \u1edf ngo\u00e0i kinh \u0111\u00f4.","(3) Ninh T\u1ed1n (1743 - ?), ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0ng C\u00f4i Tr\u00ec, huy\u1ec7n Y\u00ean M\u00f4, t\u1ec9nh Ninh B\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1eadu ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 n\u0103m 1778. (4) T\u00ean t\u1eadp th\u01a1 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y vi\u1ebft trong b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch. (5) T\u1ee9c Ph\u1ea1m Nguy\u1ec5n Du; Th\u1ea1ch \u0110\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u. (6) T\u00ean s\u00e1ch Lu\u1eadn ng\u1eef kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y vi\u1ebft trong b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch. (7) Theo b\u1ea3n g\u1ed1c. (8) \u00dd n\u00f3i am hi\u1ec3u vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eddi, v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tinh luy\u1ec7n. (9) T\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ed5ng Tr\u1ecdng Th\u01b0, Gi\u1ea3 Ngh\u1ecb, L\u01b0u H\u00e2m, D\u01b0\u01a1ng H\u00f9ng. (10) N\u00f3i v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a V\u0103n Thi\u00ean Tr\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00e0 d\u1eb7n \u0111\u00e1ng l\u00e0m m\u1eabu m\u1ef1c, l\u00f2ng d\u1ea1 th\u00ec trung ngh\u0129a nh\u01b0 s\u1eaft \u0111\u00e1. (11) Thu\u1eadn Thi\u00ean (1428 \u2013 1433) l\u00e0 ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a L\u00ea Th\u00e1i T\u1ed5. (12) Thi\u1ec7u B\u00ecnh (1434 \u2013 1439) l\u00e0 ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a L\u00ea Th\u00e1i T\u00f4ng. (13) V\u00f5 Du\u1ec7 (th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XV), ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0ng Tr\u00ecnh X\u00e1, huy\u1ec7n S\u01a1n V\u0129, t\u1ec9nh S\u01a0n T\u00e2y (nay thu\u1ed9c huy\u1ec7n Thanh S\u01a0n, t\u1ec9nh V\u0129nh Ph\u00fa), \u0111\u1ed7 Tr\u1ea1ng nguy\u00ean n\u0103m 1490, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o H\u00e0n l\u00e2m vi\u1ec7n, l\u00e0m quan \u0111\u1ebfn L\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0. Khi M\u1ea1c \u0110\u0103ng Dung c\u01b0\u1edbp ng\u00f4i, \u00f4ng theo vua v\u00e0o Thanh H\u00f3a, \u0111\u1ebfn Lam S\u01a1n, m\u1eb7c m\u0169 \u00e1o l\u1ea1y l\u0103ng mi\u1ebfu r\u1ed3i t\u1ef1 v\u1eabn. (14) L\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u1ebf Vinh (1441 - ?) ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0ng Cao L\u01b0\u01a1ng, huy\u1ec7n V\u1ee5 B\u1ea3n, t\u1ec9nh Nam \u0110\u1ecbnh. \u0110\u1ed7 Tr\u1ea1ng nguy\u00ean n\u0103m 1463, l\u00e0m quan \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9c H\u00e0n l\u00e2m th\u1ecb Ph\u1ee5, Ch\u01b0\u1edfng vi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1, so\u1ea1n c\u00e1c gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd ngo\u1ea1i giao v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c. (15) \u0110o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y trong b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch. (16) B\u1ea3o Th\u00e1i (1720 \u2013 1729) l\u00e0 ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u L\u00ea D\u1ee5 T\u00f4ng. (17) Ph\u1ea1m Khi\u00eam \u00cdch (1679 \u2013 1741) ng\u01b0\u1eddi huy\u1ec7n Gia B\u00ecnh, t\u1ec9nh B\u1eafc Ninh. (18) Di \u00e1i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi sau c\u00f2n y\u00eau m\u1ebfn m\u00ecnh. (19) Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi \u0111\u1ed7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 vua ban cho tr\u00e2m v\u00e0ng, h\u1ed1t b\u1ea1c, \u00e1o b\u00e0o th\u00eau hoa, r\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i ch\u01a1i ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 y\u1ebfn.","Y H\u1eccC TRUNG HOA Khoa y h\u1ecdc kh\u1edfi th\u1ee7y t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi Vi\u00eam \u0110\u1ebf, Ho\u00e0ng \u0110\u1ebf, l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 L\u00f4i C\u00f4ng, K\u00fd B\u00e1 ph\u00f2 t\u00e1 th\u00eam v\u00e0o. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea5ng th\u00e1nh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1eddi x\u01b0a lo l\u1eafng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 sinh m\u1ea1ng cho nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n r\u1ea5t l\u00e0 chu \u0111\u00e1o. T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5 tr\u1edf xu\u1ed1ng, c\u00e1c b\u1eadc danh y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u0169ng l\u1eafm, l\u00e0m ra s\u00e1ch v\u1edf c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1eb3ng qua c\u00f3 t\u00e1m kinh, t\u00e1m v\u0129 m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. T\u00e1m kinh l\u00e0: ch\u00e2m, bi\u1ebfm, ch\u00edch, thang, ho\u00e0n, t\u00e1n, cao, \u0111\u1ed3. B\u1ec7nh \u1edf ngo\u00e0i da th\u00ec d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c cao, \u0111\u1ed3; b\u1ec7nh \u1edf trong kinh l\u1ea1c, t\u1ea1ng ph\u1ee7, s\u00e2u th\u00ec d\u00f9ng ph\u00e9p ch\u00e2m, bi\u1ebfm, ch\u00edch; c\u1ea1n th\u00ec d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c thang, h\u1ecfa t\u00e1n. Trong t\u00e1m kinh \u1ea5y, mu\u1ed1n d\u00f9ng c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc ch\u00e2m ch\u01b0\u1edbc cho kh\u00e9o. T\u00e1m v\u0129 l\u00e0: v\u1ecdng, v\u0103n, v\u1ea5n, thi\u1ebft, c\u00f4ng, b\u1ed5, b\u00ecnh, t\u00e1n. V\u1ecdng l\u00e0 xem th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 di\u1ec7n m\u1ea1o; v\u0103n l\u00e0 nghe ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i h\u01a1i th\u1edf; v\u1ea5n l\u00e0 h\u1ecfi t\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadn nguy\u00ean \u00fay; thi\u1ebft l\u00e0 \u00e1n xem cho bi\u1ebft m\u1ea1ch l\u1ea1c; c\u00f4ng l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng k\u00edch c\u00e1i b\u1ec7nh ch\u1ee9ng h\u0103ng qu\u00e1; b\u1ed5 l\u00e0 b\u1ed3i b\u1ed5 c\u00e1i kh\u00ed huy\u1ebft y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m; b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec thi\u00ean l\u1ec7ch th\u00ec b\u00ecnh l\u1ea1i cho ngay; t\u00e1n l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o u\u1ea5t ki\u1ebft th\u00ec t\u1ea3n \u0111i cho th\u00f4ng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00e1m kinh, t\u00e1m v\u0129, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1u \u0111i\u1ec1u, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o, m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0\u01a1ng y. C\u00f2n nh\u01b0 ph\u00e9p c\u1eaft da, n\u1ea1o x\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u1ea9y d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y, r\u1eeda ru\u1ed9t, nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch ch\u1eefa nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf r\u1ea5t l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n bi\u1ebfn, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1eadc danh y r\u1ea5t gi\u1ecfi, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn. Th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ta, \u0111\u1eddi x\u01b0a c\u00f3 \u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed5ng Ti\u00ean, \u00f4ng Tr\u00e2u \u00dd l\u00e0 b\u1eadc danh ti\u1ebfng, nh\u01b0ng v\u1ec1 sau th\u1ea5t truy\u1ec1n. Ph\u00e9p ch\u00e2m bi\u1ebfm \u1edf trong t\u00e1m kinh, l\u1ed1i v\u1ecdng v\u0103n \u1edf trong t\u00e1m v\u0129, \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecf kh\u00f4ng ai l\u01b0u \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3. C\u00f2n nh\u01b0 ph\u00e9p ch\u00edch th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u ch\u00ednh huy\u1ec7t \u1edf ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o; ph\u00e9p thi\u1ebft th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft m\u1ea1ch l\u1ea1c \u0111i l\u00e0m sao, th\u00e0nh ra m\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1u b\u00ed quy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 y khoa \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf m\u1ea5t s\u00e1u, l\u1ebd s\u00e2u k\u00edn th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc, ch\u1ec9 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ebd n\u00f4ng c\u1ea1n, \u0111i\u1ec1u tinh th\u00ec qu\u00ean, ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u00f4. H\u1ecdc thu\u1ed1c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf m\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n c\u1ea7m m\u1ec7nh sinh t\u1eed, ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng, c\u1ea7u l\u1ea5y \u00fd ngh\u0129a d\u01b0\u1ee1ng sinh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u01b0a th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u0103ng? Than \u00f4i! D\u00e2n sinh \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eddi Tam \u0110\u1ea1i (1) ph\u00e9p gi\u00e1o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ra g\u00ec, c\u00f2n ph\u00e9p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 sinh m\u1ea1ng c\u0169ng b\u1ecf n\u1ed1t. \u0110\u1ea5ng ti\u00ean nho n\u00f3i \\\"m\u1ec7nh ph\u00f3 cho tr\u1eddi\\\" th\u1ef1c ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1ea7m. N\u00e0o nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea5ng hi\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n qu\u00e2n t\u1eed \u1edf \u0111\u1eddi, m\u00ecnh \u00e1o m\u0169, mi\u1ec7ng nh\u00e2n t\u1eeb, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec1u \u1ea5y cho kh\u00f4ng? Th\u01b0\u01a1ng thay! Y h\u1ecdc b\u00e2y gi\u1edd chia l\u00e0m hai khoa: n\u1ed9i khoa v\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i khoa. Trong ngo\u1ea1i khoa l\u1ea1i chia ra l\u00e0m ba ph\u00e1i: 1 - Ph\u00e1i h\u1ecd Nguy\u1ec5n \u1edf B\u1ea3o T\u1eeb; 2 - Ph\u00e1i h\u1ecd Nguy\u1ec5n \u1edf Ph\u00f9 Ninh; 3 - Ph\u00e1i h\u1ecd Nguy\u1ec5n \u1edf V\u00e2n L\u1ee7ng; ba ph\u00e1i \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u1ed1c gia truy\u1ec1n, thu\u1ed1c cao, thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed3 c\u0169ng hi\u1ec7u nghi\u1ec7m l\u1eafm. C\u00f2n thu\u1ed1c n\u1ed9i \u1ea9m (u\u1ed1ng v\u00e0o trong) th\u00ec x\u01b0a nay v\u1eabn quen th\u00f3i d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c c\u00f4ng ph\u1ea1t, ti\u00eau hao qu\u00e1. Nh\u01b0ng ph\u00e9p ngo\u1ea1i khoa th\u00ec d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c cao, \u0111\u1ed3 nhi\u1ec1u, m\u00e0 d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c n\u1ed9i \u1ea9m \u00edt, d\u1eabu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00fang b\u1ec7nh l\u1eafm, song c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i h\u1ea1i. N\u1ed9i khoa th\u00ec chia l\u00e0m hai ph\u00e1i: ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 m\u1eb7t tr\u1ecb b\u1ed5 th\u00ec coi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1i ho\u00e0ng, ph\u00e1c ti\u00eau nh\u01b0 h\u1eb1n th\u00f9; gi\u00e1 g\u1eb7p ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh h\u01b0 th\u00ec b\u1ed5 c\u00f3 \u00edch; r\u1ee7i g\u1eb7p ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh th\u1ef1c l\u1ea1i d\u00f9ng l\u1ea7m thu\u1ed1c b\u1ed5 v\u00e0o, th\u00ec kh\u00e1c g\u00ec l\u1eeda ch\u00e1y t\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea7u th\u00eam; g\u1eb7p b\u1ec7nh ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ea3m m\u00e0 nh\u1ea7m cho thu\u1ed1c b\u1ebf v\u00e0o, th\u00ec kh\u00e1c g\u00ec n\u01b0\u1edbc ngh\u1ebdn l\u1ea1i \u0111em l\u1ea5p c\u1ed1ng, th\u1ebf th\u00ec h\u1ea1i t\u00ednh m\u1ec7nh con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u1eadm t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n l\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9c. Th\u1ea7y lang n\u00e0o ch\u1ec9 chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng m\u1eb7t b\u1ed5, l\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eafc th\u1ebf m\u1edbi l\u00e0 v\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1o, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i h\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0103n m\u00e3i th\u1ecbt v\u00e0o th\u00ec c\u00e0ng nu\u00f4i to c\u00e1i kh\u1ed1i nh\u1ecdt h\u1ea1ch tr\u1ee9ng \u1edf trong b\u1ee5ng; c\u1ea7m c\u00e1i m\u0169i dao m\u1ea3nh d\u1ebb m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2m v\u00e0o x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee9ng th\u00ec sao v\u1ee1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c g\u00ec nh\u00e2n ngh\u0129a gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a Y\u1ec3n V\u01b0\u01a1ng (2), \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c g\u00e0n c\u1ee7a T\u01b0\u01a1ng C\u00f4ng (3). Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 m\u1eb7t c\u00f4ng t\u00e1n th\u00ec coi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb nh\u00e2n s\u00e2m, nh\u1ee5c qu\u1ebf nh\u01b0 thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9c; n\u1ebfu g\u1eb7p b\u1ec7nh th\u1ef1c, b\u1ec7nh ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ea3m, m\u00e0 d\u00f9ng nh\u1ea7m thu\u1ed1c h\u00e0n l\u01b0\u01a1ng, th\u00ec kh\u00e1c g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 r\u00e9t l\u1ea1i th\u00eam b\u0103ng v\u00e0o, h\u1ed1i h\u1eadn sao k\u1ecbp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c; n\u1ebfu g\u1eb7p b\u1ec7nh h\u01b0 m\u00e0 d\u00f9ng nh\u1ea7m thu\u1ed1c c\u00f4ng t\u00e1n, kh\u00e1c g\u00ec c\u1ea7m \u0111u\u1ed1c ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00f3, c\u1ee9u v\u1edbt sao cho \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c","n\u1eefa. Th\u1ebf m\u00e0 th\u1ea7y lang ch\u1ec9 chuy\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t thu\u1ed1c c\u00f4ng ph\u1ea1t, l\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eafc thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ec7nh th\u00ec c\u00f3 s\u1ee3 g\u00ec. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0111em b\u00faa r\u00ecu m\u00e0 n\u1ec7n v\u00e0o c\u00e2y kh\u00f4, \u0111\u01b0a s\u00f3ng gi\u00f3 m\u00e0 x\u00f4 v\u00e0o thuy\u1ec1n n\u00e1t, c\u1ee9u sao cho \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c g\u00ec Phi Li\u00eam, \u00c1c Lai (4) gi\u00fap vua l\u00e0m s\u1ef1 t\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1ee3c, Th\u00e2n B\u1ea5t H\u1ea1i, Th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01af\u1edfng (5) chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e2y uy danh. Hai ph\u00e1i tr\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng k\u00edch l\u1eabn nhau, d\u1eabu ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao minh c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o cho ph\u1ea3i, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u1ee3p hai ph\u00e1i \u1ea5y l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c (6). Ta th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam suy ngh\u0129 l\u1eddi c\u1ed5 nh\u00e2n d\u1ea1y: \\\"L\u00e0m l\u01b0\u01a1ng y c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c g\u00ec l\u00e0m l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u01b0\u1edbng\\\". L\u01b0\u01a1ng y th\u00ec quan h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh m\u1ec7nh ng\u1ef1\u1eddi ta, m\u00e0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u01b0\u1edbng th\u00ec quan h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 an nguy trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u1ed7i \u0111\u00e0ng m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1o. Tr\u1ecb n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee9c h\u00f3a, c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t, m\u00e0 l\u00e0m th\u1ea7y lang d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c b\u1ed5, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 khi d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c c\u00f4ng (7), kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. B\u1ec7nh n\u00e0o qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 h\u01b0 th\u00ec d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c b\u1ed5, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0m t\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00ean d\u00f9ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ee9c, h\u00e0 t\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t kh\u1eaft khe nh\u01b0 h\u1ecd Th\u00e2n, h\u1ecd H\u00e0n (8). B\u1ec7nh n\u00e0o qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c, th\u00ec d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c c\u00f4ng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0m t\u01b0\u1edbng d\u00f9ng uy l\u1ef1c, h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t, h\u00e0 t\u1ea5t h\u1ea3i phi nh\u00e2n ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ec3 cho b\u1ea3y n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u01b0 h\u1ea7u (9) c\u00e0ng ki\u00eau c\u0103ng l\u1ea5n \u00e1t. B\u1ed3i b\u1ed5 s\u00e1t ph\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i t\u00f9y th\u1eddi cho ph\u1ea3i, ch\u1ee9 ch\u1ea5p n\u00ea l\u00e0m sao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1c r\u1eb1ng \\\"\u00d4ng n\u00f3i v\u1eabn l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0ng bi\u1ebft ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t k\u1ebb n\u00e0o l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh tr\u1ea3 \u01a1n, k\u1ebb n\u00e0o l\u00e0 \u00e1c m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t?\\\". Ta \u0111\u00e1p l\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng: \\\"Tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i t\u00e1m kinh, t\u00e1m v\u0129, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 khuy\u1ebft m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0o, ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch N\u1ed9i kinh, T\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n (10) cho t\u01b0\u1eddng, l\u1ea1i tham b\u00e1c c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch y th\u01b0 cho r\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u1eebng c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5p n\u00ean c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch C\u1ea3ng nh\u1ea1c, Ph\u00f9ng th\u1ecb qu\u00e1 m\u00e0 gh\u00e9t thu\u1ed1c c\u00f4ng ph\u1ea1t, \u0111\u1eebng c\u00f3 chuy\u00ean tr\u1ecb pho Y h\u1ecdc h\u1ed3i xu\u00e2n qu\u00e1, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c t\u1ea9m b\u1ed5. H\u1ecdc cho tinh, l\u00e0m cho ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, d\u1eabu l\u00e0m l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eefa l\u00e0 l\u00e0m l\u01b0\u01a1ng y\\\". N\u01b0\u1edbc ta v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eddi L\u00ea c\u00f3 hai \u00f4ng danh y. M\u1ed9t l\u00e0 \u00f4ng L\u00ea L\u00e3n \u00d4ng (11), ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0ng Li\u00eau X\u00e1, ng\u1ee5 c\u01b0 \u1edf Ngh\u1ec7 An, ch\u00faa Tr\u1ecbnh T\u0129nh V\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3n v\u1ec1 kinh \u0111\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh. \u00d4ng c\u00f3 l\u00e0m ra b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch L\u00e3n \u00d4ng to\u00e0n t\u1eadp, M\u1ed9ng trung gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch Ch\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ea5u chu\u1ea9n th\u1eb1ng, h\u1ecdc l\u1ef1c th\u00e2m th\u00fay, ngh\u1ecb lu\u1eadn x\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1ng, song c\u0169ng \u00edt d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c c\u00f4ng t\u00e1n. H\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd v\u1eabn cho \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi ch\u00e2u ng\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch ng\u00f4n. Ti\u1ebfc r\u1eb1ng ta ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem h\u1ebft b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. Ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u00f4ng l\u00e0 con L\u00ea H\u1eefu Ki\u1ec1u, song ch\u01b0a x\u00e9t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00f5. Hai l\u00e0 quan Th\u1ecb tr\u00e0, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Xu\u00e2n D\u1ee5c, t\u00ean Nguy\u1ec5n Qu\u00fd, tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n Gi\u00e1m sinh, Tri huy\u1ec7n Ti\u00ean Minh. \u00d4ng h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y thu\u1eadt ch\u00ednh truy\u1ec1n, \u00e1n m\u1ea1ch r\u1ea5t tinh, ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh r\u1ea5t th\u1ea7n hi\u1ec7u, \u0111\u1eddi Tr\u1ecbnh T\u0129nh V\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u0103ng cho l\u00e0m H\u00e0m ngh\u1ecb x\u1ee9 An Qu\u1ea3ng. Ta th\u1ea5y khi \u00f4ng l\u00e3o b\u1ea3y m\u01b0\u01a1i, c\u00f3 d\u00e1n c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i r\u1eb1ng: \u201cNh\u00e2n d\u1ee5c v\u00f4 nhai, nh\u00e2n kh\u1edfi n\u0103ng vi thi\u00ean t\u00ednh gi\u1ea3 \u2013 Thi\u00ean d\u01b0 h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n, thi\u00ean qu\u1ea3 t\u1ea5t l\u00f2ng nh\u00e2n nguy\u1ec7n h\u1ed3\u201d; ngh\u0129a l\u00e0: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00f2ng d\u1ee5c v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00e1i t\u00ednh tr\u1eddi sao th\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u2013 Tr\u1eddi ph\u00e2n cho c\u00f3 h\u1ea1n, tr\u1eddi chi\u1ec1u \u00fd ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e3i th\u1ebf ch\u0103ng? L\u1ea1i c\u00f3 c\u00e2u: \u201cTr\u00ed th\u1ee7y nh\u00e2n s\u01a1n, th\u00edch \u00fd nguy\u1ec7n hi qu\u00e2n t\u1eed l\u1ea1c \u2013 Thi\u00ean ni\u00ean qu\u1ed1c l\u1ed9c, l\u00f2ng t\u00e2m nh\u00e0n d\u01b0\u1ee1ng th\u00e1i b\u00ecnh th\u00e2n\u201d; ngh\u0129a l\u00e0: N\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ed non nh\u00e2n, th\u00edch \u00fd \u0111\u00f9a vui c\u00f9ng b\u1ea1n kh\u00e1 \u2013 Tu\u1ed5i tr\u1eddi l\u1ed9c n\u01b0\u1edbc, th\u1ecfa l\u00f2ng y\u00ean ngh\u1ec9 c\u00e1i th\u00e2n nh\u00e0n. Xem th\u1ebf th\u00ec bi\u1ebft \u00f4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00e0n t\u1ea3n, phong l\u01b0u, c\u00f3 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng L\u00e3o Trang, t\u00ednh r\u1ea5t vui v\u1ebb. Anh h\u1ecd ta l\u00e0 Ph\u1ea1m T\u00f4n Ki\u1ec7u, nh\u00e2n v\u1ee3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee9ng s\u1ea3n h\u1eadu, \u0111au b\u1ee5ng, huy\u1ebft th\u1ed1ng th\u00e0nh h\u00f2n, \u00f4ng b\u1ea3o s\u1eafc m\u1ed9t l\u1ea1ng to\u00e0n qui, m\u00e0i ba \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ee5c qu\u1ebf, u\u1ed1ng kh\u1ecfi li\u1ec1n. H\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 h\u1ecfi \u00f4ng sao kh\u00f4ng l\u1eadp ra th\u00e0nh b\u00e0i? \u00d4ng b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng \\\"Huy\u1ebft ng\u1ed9 h\u00e0n th\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecdng l\u1ea1i, g\u1eb7p n\u00f3ng th\u00ec n\u00f3 tan ra, ch\u1ec9 hai v\u1ecb l\u00e0 kh\u1ecfi, c\u1ea7n g\u00ec ph\u1ea3i l\u1eadp th\u00e0nh b\u00e0i\\\". Anh th\u1ee9 ta nh\u00e2n khi v\u1ee3 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh, u\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea7m ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1i ho\u00e0ng, b\u1ee5ng ph\u00e1t tr\u01b0\u1edbng, kh\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ea1i ti\u1ec3u","ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ebf t\u1eafc. M\u1eddi \u00f4ng \u00e1n m\u1ea1ch, \u00f4ng b\u1ea3o kh\u00f4ng can chi, ch\u1ec9 cho u\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea1ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u00e2m, n\u0103m \u0111\u1ed3ng ng\u01b0u t\u1ea5t, ba \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u1ee5 t\u1eed, u\u1ed1ng xong l\u00e0 ti\u00eau ngay. Nho sinh Nguy\u1ec5n Vi\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee9ng ph\u00f9 th\u0169ng, \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t m\u00ea s\u1ea3ng, \u00f4ng cho u\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t thang \\\"ph\u1ee5 t\u1eed l\u00fd trung\\\" gia \u0111\u1ea1i ho\u00e0ng, cho h\u1ea1 l\u1ee3i, c\u0169ng kh\u1ecfi li\u1ec1n. C\u00f2n nh\u01b0 xem m\u1ea1ch cho \u00f4ng Gi\u00e1m sinh Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ea3ng \u1edf Th\u1ea1ch Kh\u00f4i (12), \u00f4ng bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng sang n\u0103m t\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i b\u1ec7nh to; xem m\u1ea1ch cho anh th\u1ee9 ta, bi\u1ebft ba n\u0103m n\u1eefa th\u00ec ch\u1ebft, sau qu\u1ea3 nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ebft c\u1ea3. C\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u n\u1eefa, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 xi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Xem \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec bi\u1ebft \u00f4ng \u00e1n m\u1ea1ch r\u1ea5t tinh. _______ (1) Tam \u0111\u1ea1i: Ba \u0111\u1eddi H\u1ea1, Th\u01b0\u01a1ng, Chu (nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eddi th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c). (2) \u0110\u1eddi M\u1ee5c V\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e0 Chu, Y\u1ec3n V\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1ea3 nh\u00e2n gi\u1ea3 ngh\u0129a l\u1ea5y l\u00f2ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ph\u1ea3n nh\u00e0 Chu. (3) \u0110\u1eddi Chi\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c, T\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u1edbc T\u1ed1ng gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, khi th\u1eafng tr\u1eadn, kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft ng\u01b0\u1eddi hai th\u1ee9 t\u00f3c (ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0) \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng m\u00e0 gi\u00e0nh ng\u00f4i b\u00e1 ch\u1ee7. (4) Phi Li\u00eam, \u00c1c Lai l\u00e0 b\u00e2y t\u00f4i vua Tr\u1ee5 nh\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u01a1ng. (5) Th\u00e2n b\u1ea5t H\u1ea1i, Th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01af\u1edfng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi Chi\u1ebfn Qu\u1ed1c. (6) C\u00e2u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y trong b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch. (7) T\u1ee9c d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ecb. (8) B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch vi\u1ebft l\u00e0 h\u1ecd Th\u01b0\u01a1ng. (9) B\u1ea3y n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u01b0 h\u1ea7u l\u00e0 T\u1ea7n, S\u1edf, Y\u00ean, T\u1ec1, H\u00e0n, Tri\u1ec7u, Ng\u1ee5y \u1edf cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi nh\u00e0 Chu b\u00ean Trung Hoa. (10) B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch vi\u1ebft thi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ch T\u1ed1 V\u1ea5n. (11) T\u1ee9c L\u00ea H\u1eefu Tr\u00e1c (1724 \u2013 1791) hi\u1ec7u H\u1ea3i Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng L\u00e3n \u00d4ng. (12) Theo b\u1ea3n g\u1ed1c.","X\u1ee8 H\u1ea2I D\u01af\u01a0NG X\u1ee9 H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ed5 l\u00e0 H\u1ed3ng l\u1ed9 v\u00e0 S\u00e1ch Giang l\u1ed9, khi thu\u1ed9c Minh l\u00e0 ph\u1ee7 Nam S\u00e1ch, \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi trung gian (1) m\u1edbi \u0111\u1eb7t ra b\u1ed1n ph\u1ee7 l\u00e0: Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ed3ng, H\u1ea1 H\u1ed3ng, Kinh M\u00f4n v\u00e0 Nam S\u00e1ch, t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng m\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e1m huy\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00e1i s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i x\u01b0a nay l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Ta th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e9t b\u1ed1n ph\u1ee7 H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nhi\u1ec1u, \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ed5 ch\u1ec9 ph\u00e2n l\u00e0m hai l\u1ed9 ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee7, l\u1edbn nh\u1ecf kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u nhau. X\u00e9t m\u00e3i ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft ngh\u0129a l\u00fd ra th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. Ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc chia ra c\u00e1c qu\u1eadn huy\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, nh\u01b0 l\u00e0ng T\u1eeb Li\u00eam \u0111\u1eddi H\u00e1n t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 m\u1ea5y huy\u1ec7n \u0110an Ph\u01b0\u1ee3ng, T\u1eeb Li\u00eam, Th\u1ecd X\u01b0\u01a1ng, Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u1ee9c, Thanh Tr\u00ec, Thanh Oai v\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u00fac \u0111\u1eddi nay. \u0110\u1eddi Tr\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eddi L\u00fd, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Uy l\u1ed9 t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ph\u1ee7 Qu\u1ed1c Oai v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ee7 Th\u01b0\u1eddng T\u00edn v\u00e0 ph\u1ee7 \u1ee8ng Thi\u00ean (2) \u0111\u1eddi nay. \u0110\u1eddi Minh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u1ee7 Thanh H\u00f3a, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 x\u1ee9 Thanh H\u00f3a th\u1eeba tuy\u00ean b\u00e2y gi\u1edd, chia l\u00e0m b\u1ed1n ph\u1ee7. Xem th\u1ebf th\u00ec bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecba th\u1ebf c\u1ed5 kim ph\u00e2n h\u1ee3p l\u1edbn nh\u1ecf, m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1eddi m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1c. Th\u1ebf th\u00ec x\u1ee9 H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng ta khi x\u01b0a ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 hai l\u1ed9 ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee7, c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng l\u1ea5y g\u00ec l\u00e0m ng\u1edd. Nh\u01b0ng x\u00e9t l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi L\u00fd khi x\u01b0a, c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda ph\u1ea7n t\u1eeb Thu\u1eadn H\u00f3a tr\u1edf v\u00e0o ch\u01b0a thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc ta. \u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi Tr\u1ea7n m\u1edbi g\u1ed3m l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea5t Thu\u1eadn H\u00f3a. C\u00f2n c\u00e1c ph\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 Qu\u1ea3ng Nam, \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi L\u00ea H\u1ed3ng \u0110\u1ee9c m\u1edbi chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00e0m qu\u1eadn huy\u1ec7n. Xem th\u1ebf th\u00ec b\u1edd c\u00f5i \u0111\u1eddi L\u00fd, \u0111\u1eddi Tr\u1ea7n, so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eddi nay ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea3y, t\u00e1m ph\u1ea7n. Th\u1ebf m\u00e0 chia c\u1ea3 to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0m h\u01a1n m\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ed9, x\u1ee9 H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m hai l\u1ed9, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1edd. L\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 khi thu\u1ed9c Minh, c\u00f5i n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00eda nam \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn ph\u1ee7 Th\u0103ng Hoa, x\u00e9t trong b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 m\u01b0\u1eddi l\u0103m x\u1ee9 th\u1eeba tuy\u00ean \u0111\u1eddi H\u1ed3ng \u0110\u1ee9c, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda ph\u1ea7n x\u1ee9 Qu\u1ea3ng Nam th\u1eeba tuy\u00ean l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a m\u1edf mang \u0111\u1ebfn. Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Ph\u1ee5, Ho\u00e0ng Ph\u00fac khi \u1ea5y l\u1ea1i chia n\u01b0\u1edbc ta ra l\u00e0m m\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3y ph\u1ee7, m\u00e0 x\u1ee9 H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng ta ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee7, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 hai \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1edd. Hu\u1ed1ng chi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o S\u01a1n T\u00e2y, Kinh B\u1eafc, Thanh H\u00f3a, Ngh\u1ec7 An, Thu\u1eadn H\u00f3a, Qu\u1ea3ng Nam, c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea7n n\u00fai r\u1eebng l\u1eabn l\u1ed9n, \u1edf \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ed5, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 l\u00e0 l\u00e0ng x\u00f3m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u00e1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ecdi, ho\u1eb7c c\u00f2n l\u00e0 b\u1edd c\u00f5i v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c, sau n\u00e0y m\u1edbi d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n m\u1edf mang thu v\u00e0o b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3. T\u1ef1u trung nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ecba th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng, non s\u00f4ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i, s\u1edbm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp c\u00e1i gi\u00e1o hoa nh\u00e0 Minh, nh\u00e0 Thanh, v\u0103n v\u1eadt c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ea5y. Th\u1ebf th\u00ec c\u00e1i ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1edd c\u00f5i tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f2n th\u00f4 sau m\u1edbi tinh, tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f2n l\u01b0\u1ee3c sau m\u1edbi t\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. X\u1ee9 H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng ta, \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1t nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i s\u1ecfi \u0111\u00e1, \u00edt c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i s\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u1edbc chu\u00f4m ch\u1eb1m, so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u1ea5n kh\u00e1c th\u1ef1c k\u00e9m nhi\u1ec1u. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ecba th\u1ebf ph\u1eb3ng m\u00e0 m\u1ea1ch s\u01a1, n\u01b0\u1edbc chua m\u00e0 h\u01a1i l\u1ea1t, nguy\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00f5i lam ch\u01b0\u1edbng. T\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi T\u1ea7n, H\u00e1n tr\u1edf xu\u1ed1ng, x\u1ee9 H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng ta \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t Long Bi\u00ean, qu\u1eadn Phong Th\u1ee7y (3), \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec5m c\u00e1i phong h\u00f3a Hoa H\u1ea1 (4), th\u1ebf m\u00e0 b\u1ee1 c\u00f5i ph\u00e2n h\u1ee3p khi l\u1edbn, khi nh\u1ecf, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 nghi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Ta sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5t \u1ea5y, h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n c\u1ed5 l\u1eadu, l\u1ea1i g\u1eb7p bu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch, s\u00e1ch v\u1edf tan n\u00e1t, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 k\u00ea c\u1ee9u v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, n\u00ean v\u1eabn \u00e2n h\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eb7p c\u00e1c c\u1ee5 khi x\u01b0a nh\u01b0 c\u1ee5 Ti\u1ec1u \u1ea8n, c\u1ee5 Qu\u1ebf \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng (5) \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t v\u1ea5n. Nh\u1eefng qu\u1eadn huy\u1ec7n n\u01b0\u1edbc ta x\u01b0a nay thay \u0111\u1ed5i, m\u1ed7i l\u00fac m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1c. X\u00e9t nh\u01b0 c\u00e1i ph\u00e9p trong thi\u00ean V\u0169 c\u1ed1ng, c\u1ee9 l\u1ea5y t\u00ean n\u00fai s\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi t\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ebft c\u1ea3. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 x\u1ee9 ta m\u00e0 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00ec h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. C\u1ee9 xem b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 trong n\u1ed9i ph\u1ee7 th\u00ec hai ph\u1ee7 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ed3ng, H\u1ea1 H\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng huy\u1ec7n Th\u1ee7y \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng, An L\u00e3o, An D\u01b0\u01a1ng, Nghi D\u01b0\u01a1ng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ph\u1ee7 Kinh M\u00f4n v\u00e0 huy\u1ec7n Quang Minh (?) thu\u1ed9c ph\u1ee7 Nam S\u00e1ch l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi b\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f4ng. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i b\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f4ng v\u00f2ng quanh \u1edf ph\u00eda ngo\u00e0i, tuy r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 giao th\u00f4ng tri\u1ec1u c\u1ee7ng (6) nh\u01b0ng so v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng x\u1ee9 S\u01a1n Nam, Thanh H\u00f3a, Ngh\u1ec7 An v\u00f2ng quanh nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea5t ru\u1ed9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n th\u00ec kh\u00e1c nhau xa. V\u1ea3 c\u1ed5 nh\u00e2n cho n\u01a1i n\u00e0o \u1edf v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda nam c\u00f3 n\u00fai, ph\u00eda b\u1eafc c\u00f3 s\u00f4ng th\u00ec m\u1edbi g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 d\u01b0\u01a1ng. X\u1ee9 H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng ta \u1edf v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda t\u00e2y b\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f4ng m\u00e0 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 d\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i. C\u00f2n v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda nam li\u1ec1n c\u00f5i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c huy\u1ec7n x\u1ee9 S\u01a1n Nam \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea3, sao l\u1ea1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u1ea3i? Ta t\u1eeb khi l\u1edbn l\u00ean \u0111i h\u1ecdc v\u1eabn c\u00f3 \u00fd nghi ng\u1edd v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ngh\u0129a","\u1ea5y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng x\u00e9t ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, xem s\u00e1ch C\u1ed5 ch\u00ed, m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecba th\u1ebf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta t\u1eeb phia Nam \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ea1y xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebfn x\u1ee9 S\u01a1n Nam, m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng x\u1ee9 H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng, Thanh H\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u00e1p \u1edf b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh, \u0111\u1eddi x\u01b0a c\u1eeda b\u1ec3 c\u00f2n \u1edf v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed1i s\u00f4ng Ho\u00e0ng Giang, c\u00e1ch v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u1eeda b\u1ec3 Di\u00eam H\u1ed9, Tr\u00e0 L\u00fd \u0111\u1eddi nay \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0i tr\u0103m d\u1eb7m. Xem th\u1ebf th\u00ec x\u1ee9 H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng ta \u1edf v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ed5, ph\u00eda nam c\u0169ng g\u1ea7n b\u1ec3, ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u1edf ph\u00eda b\u1eafc b\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f4ng \u01b0? N\u00ean g\u1ecdi t\u00ean l\u00e0 H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1eebng c\u0169ng l\u1ea5y v\u1ec1 ngh\u0129a \u1ea5y ch\u0103ng? \u0110\u1ebfn nay, nh\u01b0 x\u00e3 Qu\u1ea7n Anh \u1edf x\u1ee9 S\u01a1n Nam h\u1ea1, nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1eb7n \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea7n bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh ru\u1ed9ng d\u00e2u, m\u1ed7i n\u0103m \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng v\u00e0i tr\u0103m m\u1eabu, \u0111\u1ecba th\u1ebf li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u1edbi nhau, th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng. T\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0i tr\u0103m n\u0103m n\u1eefa, nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ebfn b\u1ec3 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fac, c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c g\u00ec Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1ed9, m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u1eeda b\u1ec3 Tr\u00e0 L\u00fd, Di\u00eam H\u1ed9 l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ra \u1edf v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda b\u1eafc c\u1eeda b\u1ec3 Ho\u00e0ng Giang. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 v\u1ec1 sau n\u00e0y c\u00f2n bi\u1ebft l\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 n\u1eefa. Hai ph\u1ee7 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng, H\u1ea1 H\u1ed3ng khi x\u01b0a g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 H\u1ed3ng l\u1ed9 hay l\u00e0 H\u1ed3ng Nh\u00e2n l\u1ed9, Nh\u00e2n H\u00f9ng ph\u1ee7, g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y m\u1edbi g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ed3ng, H\u1ea1 H\u1ed3ng. B\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00f3 con s\u00f4ng H\u1ed3ng Giang t\u1eeb ph\u00eda t\u00e2y b\u1eafc ch\u1ea3y xu\u1ed1ng v\u00f2ng quanh trong kho\u1ea3ng b\u1ea3y huy\u1ec7n, c\u1ed5 nh\u00e2n m\u1edbi nh\u1eadn t\u00ean con s\u00f4ng \u1ea5y m\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0 H\u1ed3ng l\u1ed9. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 Uy l\u1ed9, ph\u1ee7 Qu\u1ed1c Oai, huy\u1ec7n Thanh Oai. T\u1ea3, h\u1eefu, th\u01b0\u1ee3ng, h\u1ea1 Thanh Oai x\u00e3, v\u00ec \u1edf g\u1ea7n con s\u00f4ng Thanh Oai n\u00ean m\u1edbi \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Huy\u1ec7n Gia Ph\u00fac, x\u00e3 H\u1ed3ng Th\u1ecb \u0111\u1eddi nay \u1ea5y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i di t\u00edch H\u1ed3ng L\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f3. Huy\u1ec7n Gia Ph\u00fac khi x\u01b0a g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 huy\u1ec7n Tr\u01b0\u1eddng T\u00e2n (7), H\u1ed3ng l\u1ed9 khi x\u01b0a \u0111\u00f3ng l\u1ecb s\u1edf \u1edf H\u1ed3ng Th\u1ecb. \u0110\u1eddi L\u00fd c\u00f3 \u0110o\u00e0n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ra \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c \u1edf H\u1ed3ng Ch\u00e2u, v\u1ec1 sau ch\u1ed1ng nhau v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eafp th\u00e0nh l\u0169y \u1edf H\u1ed3ng Th\u1ecb. Kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m Quang Thi\u1ec7u, Th\u1ed1ng Nguy\u00ean (8) \u0111\u1eddi L\u00ea, vua L\u00ea ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea1y ra ngo\u00e0i, c\u0169ng l\u1ea5y H\u1ed3ng Th\u1ecb l\u00e0m n\u01a1i h\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i. V\u1ec1 n\u01a1i \u1ea5y, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee7y ch\u00e2u c\u1ea3 v\u00e0o, tr\u00ean th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn x\u1ee9 Kinh B\u1eafc, d\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn x\u1ee9 S\u01a1n Nam, ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng th\u00ec c\u0169ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ph\u1ee7 Nam S\u00e1ch, Kinh M\u00f4n, H\u1ea3i \u0110\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u li\u00ean h\u1ec7 giao th\u00f4ng v\u1edbi nhau, c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f4 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1ed9 v\u1eady. H\u1ed3ng Th\u1ecb, ch\u1eef h\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 b\u00ecnh thanh ti\u1ebfng b\u1eb1ng (9), m\u00e0 H\u1ed3ng Ch\u00e2u th\u00ec ch\u1eef h\u1ed3ng \u1ea5y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecdc l\u00e0 b\u00ecnh thanh ti\u1ebfng b\u1eb1ng. X\u00e9t trong thi t\u1eadp c\u00e1c danh gia \u0111\u1eddi L\u00ea v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00e0i bi\u1ec3u t\u1ea1 \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ed5 th\u00ec ch\u1eef h\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u theo ti\u1ebfng b\u1eb1ng. Nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft c\u00e1i t\u00ean H\u1ed3ng l\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eddi L\u00fd th\u00ec ch\u1eef h\u1ed3ng theo v\u1ec1 ti\u1ebfng n\u00e0o? N\u01a1i \u0111\u00f4 h\u1ed9i \u1edf Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ed3ng, H\u1ea1 H\u1ed3ng th\u00ec huy\u1ec7n Tr\u01b0\u1eddng T\u00e2n l\u00e0 h\u01a1n c\u1ea3. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u00fai, kh\u00f4ng ki\u00eam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3 l\u1ee5c th\u1ee7y danh th\u1eafng, v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, mu\u1ed1n kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf c\u1ea3 mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai l\u1ea7n mi\u1ec1n b\u1ec3, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng huy\u1ec7n Ch\u00ed Linh thu\u1ed9c ph\u1ee7 Nam S\u00e1ch. \u0110\u1eddi Ti\u1ec1n L\u00ea c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7t ra H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed1c Binh s\u1ee9 ty, c\u0169ng l\u1ea5y n\u01a1i \u1ea5y l\u00e0m tr\u1ecb s\u1edf. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00e0 Minh l\u1eadp t\u00f2a \u0110\u00f4 ty c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf Ch\u00ed Linh, l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh m\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng nhau v\u1edbi qu\u00e2n nh\u00e0 L\u00ea, h\u00e0ng n\u0103m kh\u00f4ng h\u1ea1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. M\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn khi t\u00f2a Tam ty \u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0110\u00f4ng Quan gi\u1ea3ng h\u00f2a xong, l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n qu\u00e2n \u0111em v\u1ec1 Trung Hoa. Xem th\u1ebf th\u00ec \u0111\u1ecba l\u1ee3i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n b\u1ed5 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u. \u0110\u1eddi L\u00ea Trung h\u01b0ng c\u0169ng l\u1ea5y n\u01a1i \u1ea5y l\u00e0m n\u01a1i tr\u1ea5n ty tr\u1ecb s\u1edf. Kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m Long \u0110\u1ee9c, V\u0129nh H\u1ef1u (10), Nguy\u1ec5n Tuy\u1ec3n (11) c\u00f3 \u0111em qu\u00e2n l\u1eeba b\u1eaft quan tr\u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1edbng, r\u1ed3i chi\u1ebfm c\u1ee9 l\u1ea5y tr\u1ea5n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ph\u1ea3n. C\u1eadu V\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 B\u00ednh Qu\u1eadn c\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5ng m\u1ec7nh \u0111i \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c, \u0111em b\u1ea3y c\u01a1 binh, b\u1ea3y con voi, m\u00e0 v\u1eabn tr\u00f9 tr\u1eeb \u1edf v\u00f9ng An Nh\u00e2n, An Ph\u00fa, kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m ti\u1ebfn qu\u00e2n l\u00ean, \u0111\u00e0nh b\u1ecf n\u01a1i qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng Mi Th\u1ef1 (12), b\u1ecb gi\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed1t ph\u00e1 t\u00e0n h\u1ea1i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m theo \u0111u\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1nh. Sau \u0111\u00f3, l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i r\u1eddi n\u01a1i tr\u1ea5n l\u1ef5 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0ng Mao \u0110i\u1ec1n thu\u1ed9c huy\u1ec7n C\u1ea9m Gi\u00e0ng, c\u00e1ch kinh \u0111\u00f4 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, ph\u00eda nam l\u00e0 tr\u1ea5n Hoa D\u01b0\u01a1ng, ph\u00eda b\u1eafc l\u00e0 tr\u1ea5n Th\u1ecb C\u1ea7u, c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111i \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, \u00fd l\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n cho g\u1ea7n n\u01a1i vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3, ti\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ea1m cho nhanh ch\u00f3ng m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec3n n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ea5y b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd lo t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i k\u1ebf s\u00e2u xa. M\u00f9a h\u1ea1 n\u0103m B\u00ednh Ng\u1ecd (1786), qu\u00e2n tr\u1ea5n th\u1ee7 H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 Ng\u1ea1n Th\u1ea1ch H\u1ea7u, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m s\u00e1u c\u01a1 binh, l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 kho \u0111\u1ea1n l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ea3, th\u1ebf m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea5n th\u00e0nh, ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecf ch\u1ea1y, van xin ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1ed5 m\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ed5i \u00e1o cho m\u00e0 tr\u1ed1n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u1ec1u c\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 khi\u1ebfp s\u1ee3. \u0110\u1ebfn khi ch\u00f9a Tr\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 Y\u1ebfn \u0110\u00f4 V\u01b0\u01a1ng (13) ch\u1ea1y sang b\u1eafc, vua Chi\u00eau Th\u1ed1ng hai l\u1ea7n ch\u1ea1y sang Trung Hoa, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi T\u00e2y S\u01a1n g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1c quan Tr\u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea5n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1ea1i v\u1eadn","n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00e1c quan ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ecfi, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c tr\u1ea5n th\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 n\u01a1i hi\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu. Ta t\u1eeb khi nh\u1ecf \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i l\u01b0u l\u1ea1c, ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ea5n th\u00e0nh. Th\u00e1ng b\u1ea3y n\u0103m Nh\u00e2m Tu\u1ea5t (1802) c\u00f3 quan Ng\u00f4 h\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi Thanh Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0m Hi\u1ec7p tr\u1ea5n \u1edf \u0111\u00f3, ta m\u1edbi t\u1eeb kinh \u0111\u00f4 v\u1ec1 y\u1ebft ki\u1ebfn. Ta c\u00f3 \u0111i ch\u01a1i xem chung quanh tr\u1ea5n th\u00e0nh, th\u00ec th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng, g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t con s\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf, tr\u00f4ng l\u00ean ph\u00eda B\u1eafc Giang th\u00ec \u0111\u1ecba th\u1ebf cao d\u1ea7n, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c g\u00ec tr\u00ean th\u1ec1m tr\u00f4ng xu\u1ed1ng s\u00e2n, ph\u00eda C\u1ea9m Gi\u00e0ng th\u00ec h\u1eb9p kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 bu\u1ed3m t\u00e0u t\u1ee5 h\u1ecdp. \u00d4i! \u0110\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00f4 \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u1ea5n m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 l\u1ea5y cho g\u1ea7n n\u01a1i thanh vi\u1ec7n (14), ti\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ea1m, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee7 sau n\u00e0y, th\u00ec sao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf s\u01a1n h\u1ea3i, h\u1ed9 v\u1ec7 cho ch\u1ed1n bang k\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ta nh\u00e2n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 c\u00e2u th\u01a1 r\u1eb1ng: H\u1ed3ng l\u1ed9 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng du H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1ea5n, Y y c\u1ed5 th\u00fa \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u00e0n \u0111i\u00eau. \u0110\u1ebf k\u1ef3 v\u1ec7 d\u1ef1c chi\u00eam y c\u1eadn, H\u1ea3i qu\u1ed1c quan h\u00e0 kh\u1ed1ng ng\u1ef1 dao. Lao l\u1ea1c thanh h\u00e0m Mao b\u1ed1 nguy\u1ec7t, H\u1ed3i ho\u00e0n l\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1edbng C\u1ea9m giang ki\u1ec1u. Sa b\u00ecnh d\u00e3 kho\u00e1t nh\u00e0n ng\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ebfu, Di th\u1ed1c t\u00e0n qua t\u00edch v\u1ecb ti\u00eau. D\u1ecbch: Tr\u1ea5n s\u1edf H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ean H\u1ed3ng l\u1ed9, \u0110\u1ed3n canh v\u1eb3ng v\u1eb3ng ti\u1ebfng chu\u00f4ng pha. Kinh vua v\u1ec7 d\u1ef1c (15) \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ea7n d\u1eb7m, M\u1eb7t b\u1ec3 quan h\u00e0 d\u1eb7m th\u1eb3ng xa. B\u00f3ng nguy\u1ec7t x\u00f3m Mao trong v\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9ng, D\u1ecbp c\u1ea7u s\u00f4ng C\u1ea9m th\u1eb3m m\u00f9 qua. C\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng man m\u00e1c khi nh\u00e0n ng\u00f3ng. N\u1ecd cu\u1ed9c can qua d\u1ea5u ch\u1eeda l\u00f2a. _______ (1) T\u1eeb Minh tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 sau.","(2) B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch vi\u1ebft l\u00e0 \u1ee8ng h\u00f2a. (3) B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch vi\u1ebft l\u00e0 Phong Ch\u00e2u. (4) Hoa H\u1ea1: v\u00f9ng trung nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a Trung Hoa. (5) Ti\u1ec1u \u1ea8n t\u1ee9c Chu V\u0103n An, Qu\u1ebf \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ee9c L\u00ea Qu\u00ed \u0110\u00f4n. (6) Tri\u1ec1u c\u1ee7ng l\u00e0 danh t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd, tri\u1ec1u l\u00e0 ch\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, c\u1ee7ng l\u00e0 \u00f4m l\u1ea5y. (7) Nay l\u00e0 huy\u1ec7n Gia L\u1ed9c. (8) Quang Thi\u1ec7u (1516 \u2013 1522) l\u00e0 ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u L\u00ea Chi\u00eau T\u00f4ng, Th\u1ed1ng Nguy\u00ean (1522 \u2013 1527) l\u00e0 ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u L\u00ea Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec7 xu\u00e2n. (9) B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch vi\u1ebft l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng thanh ti\u1ebfng tr\u1eafc. (tducchau) (10) Long \u0110\u1ee9c (1732 \u2013 1735) l\u00e0 ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u L\u00ea Thu\u1ea7n T\u00f4ng. V\u0129nh H\u1ef1u (1735 \u2013 1740) l\u00e0 ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u L\u00ea \u00dd T\u00f4ng. (11) Nguy\u1ec5n Tuy\u1ec3n, Nguy\u1ec5n C\u1eeb l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n n\u0103m 1739. (12) T\u1ee9c Tr\u1ecbnh B\u1ed3ng. (13) B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch vi\u1ebft l\u00e0 M\u00ec Th\u1eef. (tducchau) (14) Thanh vi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n tin ti\u1ebfp \u1ee9ng. (15) V\u1ec7 d\u1ef1c l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1.","T\u00caN HUY\u1ec6N \u0110\u01af\u1edcNG AN C\u00e1i t\u00ean huy\u1ec7n \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng An kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1eb7t ra t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0o? S\u00e1ch \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ee9c T\u00f4ng k\u1ef7 quy\u1ec3n th\u01b0\u1ee3ng (1) ch\u00e9p: \u0111\u1eddi vua \u0110\u1ee9c T\u00f4ng, b\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ch\u00faa \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng An d\u1ef1ng th\u00e1p, quan B\u00ecnh ch\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 Kh\u01b0\u01a1ng C\u00f4ng Ph\u1ee5 h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c can ng\u0103n, tr\u00e1i \u00fd vua ph\u1ea3i b\u00e3i t\u01b0\u1edbng. C\u1ee9 theo ph\u00e9p nh\u00e0 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng, phong hi\u1ec7u cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ch\u00faa, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ea5y t\u00ean huy\u1ec7n, nh\u01b0ng xem s\u00e1ch \u0110\u1ecba l\u00fd ch\u00ed \u0111\u1eddi \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec trong \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc Trung Hoa kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00ean huy\u1ec7n \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng An m\u00e0 khi \u1ea5y n\u01b0\u1edbc ta \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng, ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3 t\u00ean huy\u1ec7n \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng An \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta, \u0111\u1eb7t ra t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1eddi Trinh Nguy\u00ean (2), Ki\u1ebfn Trung ch\u0103ng? S\u00e1ch T\u01b0 k\u00fd c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd V\u00f5 \u1edf M\u1ed9 Tr\u1ea1ch b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng, t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi \u00f4ng V\u00f5 H\u1ed3n m\u1edbi sang kinh l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f5i Giao Nam, v\u00ec y\u00eau m\u1ebfn phong th\u1ee7y danh th\u1eafng \u0111\u1ea5t M\u1ed9 Tr\u1ea1ch m\u1edbi m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea5t d\u1ef1ng \u1ea5y, l\u1ea5y hai ch\u1eef \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng An \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean huy\u1ec7n, Kh\u1ea3 M\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean th\u00f4n. Th\u1ebf th\u00ec t\u00ean huy\u1ec7n \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng An \u0111\u1eb7t ra t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi V\u00f5 H\u1ed3n, c\u0169ng h\u01a1i c\u00f3 l\u1ebd. Nh\u01b0ng V\u00f5 H\u1ed3n sinh ra \u1edf cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eddi vua \u0110\u1ee9c T\u00f4ng xa l\u1eafm. M\u00e0 c\u00e1i t\u00ean hai ch\u1eef \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng An \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c T\u00f4ng r\u1ed3i, th\u1ebf th\u00ec c\u00e1i thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a s\u00e1ch T\u01b0 k\u00fd c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a ch\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i s\u00e1ch gia ph\u1ea3 ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd V\u00f5, t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi V\u00f5 H\u1ed3n m\u1edbi sang kinh l\u01b0\u1ee3c, cho m\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi Tr\u1ea7n, trong kho\u1ea3ng v\u00e0i tr\u0103m n\u0103m, ph\u00e0m nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf th\u1ee9 (3) chi ph\u00e1i (4), quan phong (5), th\u1ee5y hi\u1ec7u (6) \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e9p \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, duy c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c d\u1ef1ng \u1ea5p, \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean huy\u1ec7n, l\u1ea1i ch\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf trong s\u00e1ch T\u01b0 k\u00fd c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi sau, th\u00ec ch\u01b0a ch\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u1eady hay ghi ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec1n tri\u1ebft \u0111\u1eddi sau x\u00e9t \u0111o\u00e1n. _______ (1) B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch vi\u1ebft l\u00e0 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ef7. (2) Tr\u1ecbnh Nguy\u00ean l\u00e0 ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ee9c T\u00f4ng. Ki\u1ebfn Trung l\u00e0 ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u T\u1ed1ng Huy T\u00f4ng. (3) Th\u1ebf th\u1ee9 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. (4) Chi ph\u00e1i l\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh n\u00e0y, ng\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c; ph\u00e1i n\u00e0y, ph\u00e1i kh\u00e1c. (5) Quan phong l\u00e0 quan ch\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1edbc phong. (6) Th\u1ee5y hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 t\u00ean th\u1ee5y (t\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7t sau l\u00fac ch\u1ebft), t\u00ean hi\u1ec7u.","T\u00caN L\u00c0NG CH\u00c2U KH\u00ca Nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i \u1edf H\u1ed3ng Ch\u00e2u ta r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eddi Tr\u1ea7n kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m X\u01b0\u01a1ng Ph\u00f9 (1) c\u00f3 Ch\u00e2u Tung Trinh th\u1ed1ng l\u0129nh qu\u00e2n Tam S\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ea5m binh, ch\u1ed7 l\u00e0ng \u1edf t\u1ee5 h\u1ecdp \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fac, m\u1edbi g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u00f4n Ch\u00e2u X\u00e1. V\u1ec1 sau, nh\u00e2n \u0111inh c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u, n\u00ean bi\u1ec7t l\u1eadp l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t x\u00e3, nh\u00e2n ch\u1eef ch\u00e2u, th\u00eam b\u1ed9 ph\u1ee5 v\u00e0o, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 l\u00e0ng Ch\u00e2u Kh\u00ea, g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y l\u1ea1i vi\u1ebft l\u1ea7m l\u00e0 Tr\u00e2u Kh\u00ea. Quan T\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed3 Tr\u1ea7n Nguy\u00ean \u0110\u00e1n c\u00f3 v\u00ec c\u1eadu c\u00f4ng t\u1eed quan Tam S\u01b0\u01a1ng, so\u1ea1n m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i bia \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m, v\u0103n ngh\u0129a s\u00e2u sa, n\u00e9t ch\u1eef c\u1ed5 k\u00ednh, l\u00e2u ng\u00e0y m\u01b0a sa gi\u00f3 t\u00e1p, nh\u1eefng h\u00e0ng ch\u1eef trong bia c\u0169ng c\u00f3 s\u1ee9t m\u00f2n \u0111i. C\u00e1i bia \u1ea5y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed5 t\u00edch \u1edf huy\u1ec7n ta. X\u00e9t Ch\u00e2u c\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea1t kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m X\u01b0\u01a1ng Ph\u00f9, \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00fac X\u00edch Ch\u1ee7y h\u1ea7u l\u00e0 H\u1ed3 Qu\u00fd Ly c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n ch\u00ednh. C\u00e1c quan trong tri\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o \u0111ua theo \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea1t, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c \u00fd th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef to\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ed9c v\u1ecb. B\u0103ng H\u1ed3 C\u00f4ng, Tr\u1ea7n Nguy\u00ean \u0110\u00e1n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecd nh\u00e0 vua, l\u1ea1i ki\u00eam ch\u1ee9c c\u1ef1u t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00f4n qu\u00ed, c\u00f3 b\u1ee5ng lo ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 vua, \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 ra nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u th\u01a1 c\u00e2u h\u00e1t, th\u1ebf m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i \u00e1y n\u00e1y lo ngh\u0129 vi\u1ec7c sau \u0111\u1eddi m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i \u0111em c\u1ea3 hai con k\u00fd th\u00e1c cho Qu\u00fd Ly. V\u1eady th\u00ec Ch\u00e2u c\u00f4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c h\u1ecd, gi\u1eef qu\u00e2n c\u1ea5m v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ee9ng \u1edf trong tri\u1ec1u, t\u1ea5t c\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed v\u1ec1 ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00ednh, d\u1ecb t\u00ednh \u1ea5y. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111u\u00f4i Ch\u00e2u c\u00f4ng l\u00e0m quan \u1edf trong tri\u1ec1u th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y ch\u00e9p trong s\u1eed, \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e0m truy\u1ec7n k\u00fd c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e9p. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1i bia c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng Tr\u1ea7n Nguy\u00ean \u0110\u00e1n th\u00ec t\u00edch danh, quan t\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a Ch\u00e2u c\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169ng mai m\u1ed9t \u1edf trong \u0111\u00e1m c\u1ecf xanh, \u0111\u00f3m l\u1eeda. N\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi xe ng\u1ef1a ngh\u00eanh ngang, \u00e1o m\u0169 x\u00fang x\u00ednh, ngang nhi\u00ean t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eafc \u1edf tr\u00ean \u0111\u1eddi, m\u1edbi ch\u1edbp m\u1eaft \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111i \u0111\u00e2u m\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, k\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft bao nhi\u00eau! _______ (1) X\u01b0\u01a1ng Ph\u00f9 (1377 \u2013 1389) l\u00e0 ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u Tr\u1ea7n Ph\u1ebf \u0110\u1ebf","\u0110O\u00c0N TH\u01af\u1ee2NG Huy\u1ec7n Tr\u01b0\u1eddng T\u00e2n (1) \u1edf ph\u1ee7 H\u1ea1 H\u1ed3ng ta c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1n th\u1edd \u0110\u00f4ng H\u1ea3i \u0110\u1ea1i V\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u0110o\u00e0n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng. \u00d4ng v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb trung th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eddi nh\u00e0 L\u00fd, \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng ch\u00e9p \u1edf trong s\u00e1ch Tang th\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u1eabu l\u1ee5c. Nay \u1edf c\u00e1c l\u00e0ng An Nh\u00e2n, An Ph\u00fa, huy\u1ec7n \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng H\u00e0o v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u00e0ng H\u1ed3ng Th\u1ecb, huy\u1ec7n Gia Ph\u00fac (2) \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1edd l\u00e0m ph\u00fac th\u1ea7n. L\u1ea1i c\u00f2n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1n th\u1edd T\u00f9ng Giang \u0110\u1ea1i V\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ean l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u1ee5c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0ng \u0110o\u00e0n T\u00f9ng, huy\u1ec7n Tr\u01b0\u1eddng T\u00e2n, nh\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u1edf tr\u00ean s\u00f4ng T\u00f9ng Giang. Kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m H\u1ed3ng \u0110\u1ee9c, \u00f4ng theo qu\u00e2n v\u00e0o Nam chinh, \u0111i \u0111\u1ed1c v\u1eadn qu\u00e2n l\u01b0\u01a1ng, l\u1ee1 sai h\u1eb9n, b\u00e8n xin ch\u1ecbu t\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n ph\u00e1p. Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00e9p \u1edf trong s\u00e1ch \u00d4 Ch\u00e2u c\u1eadn l\u1ee5c (3). Nay \u1edf Thu\u1eadn H\u00f3a c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1n T\u00f9ng Giang th\u1edd l\u00e0m Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1eb3ng ph\u00fac th\u1ea7n. Ch\u1ed7 nh\u00e0 \u1edf c\u0169 tr\u00ean s\u00f4ng T\u00f9ng Giang, nay t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 b\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f2 Th\u00f4ng, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9 ch\u00f4n \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5y. Truy\u1ec1n r\u1eb1ng kh\u1eafp m\u01b0\u1eddi hai c\u1eeda b\u1ec3, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ng\u01b0 h\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1edd l\u00e0m th\u1ea7n, r\u1ea5t linh \u1ee9ng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 b\u00ean Trung Hoa, \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5t Ph\u00fac Ki\u1ebfn, c\u00f3 th\u1edd b\u00e0 L\u00e2m Thi\u00ean Phi. Kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m Qu\u00fd H\u1ee3i (1803) \u0111\u1eddi Gia Long, c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfc thuy\u1ec1n bu\u00f4n gh\u00e9 v\u00e0o b\u1ebfn Tr\u01b0\u1eddng T\u00e2n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong thuy\u1ec1n \u0103n m\u1eb7c n\u00f3i n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u1ed1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ngh\u1ec7. Khi b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng xong, h\u1ecd quay ch\u00e8o v\u1ec1 nam. \u0110\u00eam h\u00f4m \u1ea5y, th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9 th\u1ea7n b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e0o l\u00ean v\u00e0 \u00e1o quan khi\u00eang \u0111i m\u1ea5t. Ch\u1eebng l\u00e0 b\u1ecdn l\u00e1i bu\u00f4n \u1ea5y l\u1ea5y tr\u1ed9m, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 \u00fd l\u00e0m sao. _______ (1) Huy\u1ec7n Tr\u01b0\u1eddng T\u00e2n t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 huy\u1ec7n Gia L\u1ed9c v\u00e0 huy\u1ec7n Thanh Mi\u1ec7n, t\u1ec9nh H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng. (2) Huy\u1ec7n Gia Ph\u00fac t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 huy\u1ec7n Gia L\u1ed9c. (3) \u00d4 ch\u00e2u c\u1eadn l\u1ee5c l\u00e0 s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a D\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0103n An (1513 \u2013 ?) ng\u01b0\u1eddi Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh, l\u00e0m quan \u0111\u1eddi nh\u00e0 M\u1ea1c. T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 V\u0169 trung t\u00f9y b\u00fat c\u00f3 vi\u1ebft cu\u1ed1n \u00d4 ch\u00e2u l\u1ee5c.","PH\u1ea0M T\u1eec H\u01af Trong s\u00e1ch Truy\u1ec1n k\u1ef3 du thi\u00ean t\u00e0o l\u1ee5c c\u00f3 ch\u00e9p truy\u1ec7n \u00f4ng Ph\u1ea1m T\u1eed H\u01b0. \u00d4ng v\u1ed1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0ng Ngh\u0129a L\u01b0, huy\u1ec7n C\u1ea9m Gi\u00e0ng, ph\u1ee7 H\u1ed3ng Ch\u00e2u (1); l\u00e0ng Ngh\u0129a L\u01b0, nay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e0 l\u00e0ng Ngh\u0129a Ph\u00fa. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta truy\u1ec1n r\u1eb1ng sau khi \u00f4ng m\u1ea5t, th\u1ee5y hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 Trung Trinh \u0110\u1ea1i V\u01b0\u01a1ng, nay v\u1eabn th\u1edd l\u00e0m ph\u00fac th\u1ea7n \u1edf ngo\u00e0i b\u1ec3. Nh\u01b0ng trong s\u1eed s\u00e1ch l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y ch\u00e9p, v\u1eady n\u00ean ghi l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e9t. _______ (1) B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch vi\u1ebft l\u00e0 H\u1ea1 H\u1ed3ng.","PH\u1ea0M NG\u0168 L\u00c3O \u00d4ng Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u0169 L\u00e3o, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0ng Ph\u00f9 \u1ee6ng, huy\u1ec7n \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng H\u00e0o, l\u00fac c\u00f2n h\u00e0n vi, th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u1ed3i x\u1ebfp b\u1eb1ng tr\u00f2n \u1edf b\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1i quan, ch\u1ebb tre \u0111an s\u1ecdt. Ch\u1ee3t khi \u1ea5y, H\u01b0ng \u0110\u1ea1o \u0110\u1ea1i V\u01b0\u01a1ng k\u00e9o qu\u00e2n t\u1eeb V\u1ea1n Ki\u1ebfp v\u1ec1 kinh, qu\u00e2n ti\u00ean phong th\u00e9t \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9ng d\u1eady, \u00f4ng c\u1ee9 ng\u1ed3i x\u1ebfp b\u1eb1ng tr\u00f2n m\u00e0 \u0111an, h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng nghe g\u00ec. Qu\u00e2n l\u00ednh l\u1ea5y gi\u00e1o \u0111\u00e2m v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f9i, ng\u1ecdn gi\u00e1o m\u1eafc v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng r\u00fat ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng v\u1eabn c\u1ee9 ng\u1ed3i y\u00ean. Khi v\u00f5ng H\u01b0ng \u0110\u1ea1o V\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ebfn, V\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1edbi h\u1ecfi: \\\"\u0110\u00f9i nh\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u01a1i b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e2m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, sao kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0111au, m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i c\u1ee9 ng\u1ed3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady?\\\". \u00d4ng th\u01b0a r\u1eb1ng: \\\"T\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng ngh\u0129 m\u1ea5y c\u00e2u trong binh th\u01b0, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng nghe th\u1ea5y g\u00ec c\u1ea3\\\". V\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u00e8n d\u1eebng v\u00f5ng l\u1ea1i, h\u1ecfi th\u1eed binh c\u01a1 m\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3c, th\u00ec \u00f4ng \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u00f4i ch\u1ea3y. V\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ea5y l\u00e0m l\u1ea1, cho l\u00ean xe \u0111\u01b0a v\u1ec1, r\u1ed3i g\u1ea3 con g\u00e1i nu\u00f4i cho. Sau, Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u0169 L\u00e3o \u0111i t\u00f2ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c Nguy\u00ean, c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng, th\u0103ng l\u00ean coi qu\u00e2n c\u1ea5m v\u1ec7. Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb v\u1ec7 s\u0129 th\u1ea5y \u00f4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0n vi m\u1edbi hi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea1t th\u00ec l\u1ea5y l\u00e0m khinh, li\u1ec1n xin c\u00f9ng \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00f5. \u00d4ng c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 ngh\u1ec9 v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng, c\u1ee9 ng\u00e0y ng\u00e0y ra c\u00e1i g\u00f2 cao \u1edf l\u00e0ng b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh t\u1eadp nh\u1ea3y, nh\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i s\u1ea1t c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c g\u00f2. H\u1ebft h\u1ea1n ngh\u1ec9 r\u1ed3i, \u00f4ng v\u00e0o tri\u1ec1u, \u0111\u1ea5u v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ec7 s\u0129. B\u1ecdn v\u1ec7 s\u0129 n\u0103m s\u00e1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea7n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5u v\u1edbi \u00f4ng. \u00d4ng tay \u0111\u1ea5m ch\u00e2n \u0111\u00e1, nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 bay. V\u1ec1 sau, n\u01b0\u1edbc Ai Lao v\u00e0o \u0103n c\u01b0\u1edbp, \u0111em voi b\u00e0y tr\u1eadn x\u00f4ng v\u00e0o, kh\u00f4ng ai ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u00d4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ec7nh \u0111em qu\u00e2n \u0111i \u0111\u00e1nh. \u00d4ng sai ch\u1eb7t g\u1ed1c tre v\u1ea1c nh\u1ecdn, d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0i th\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 b\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, r\u1ed3i v\u1eaby cho quan qu\u00e2n lui l\u1ea1i, m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh x\u00f4ng v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e1nh nhau v\u1edbi gi\u1eb7c. Gi\u1eb7c th\u1ea3 voi ra \u0111u\u1ed5i. \u00d4ng c\u1ee9 x\u00f4ng v\u00e0o l\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n tre \u1edf b\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e2m v\u00e0o m\u00f3ng ch\u00e2n voi. Voi \u0111au ph\u1ea3i lui. Tr\u1eadn gi\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea1i lo\u1ea1n. Quan qu\u00e2n x\u00f4ng v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e1nh v\u1ee1 tan. \u1ea4y \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u1eadt s\u1eed c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y ch\u00e9p \u1edf trong s\u1eed. Nay \u0111\u1ec1n th\u1edd \u00f4ng \u1edf ph\u00eda t\u00e2y l\u00e0ng Ph\u00f9 \u1ee6ng, tr\u00f4ng xu\u1ed1ng s\u00f4ng. C\u00f3 hai b\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ch\u00faa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed1i h\u01b0\u1edfng (1). M\u1ed9t b\u00e0 l\u00e0 con g\u00e1i nu\u00f4i H\u01b0ng \u0110\u1ea1o V\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ea5y \u00f4ng khi tr\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u1ed9t b\u00e0 l\u00e0 con g\u00e1i \u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 T\u0129nh Thi, tri\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi truy\u1ec1n r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1edd \u00f4ng l\u00e0m ngay tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n nh\u00e0 c\u0169 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, nguy\u00ean ng\u1ea3nh v\u1ec1 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2y, tr\u00f4ng xu\u1ed1ng ao, \u1edf gi\u1eefa ao c\u00f3 c\u00e1i kim \u1ea5n (2) n\u1ed5i tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ed9 ngo\u00e0i n\u1eeda d\u1eb7m c\u00f3 c\u00e1i gi\u00e1o d\u00e0i (3) l\u00e0m h\u1ed9 v\u1ec7. S\u00f4ng Ph\u1ee7 \u1ee6ng l\u00e0 h\u1ed5 th\u1ee7y ngh\u1ecbch tri\u1ec1u (4), c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 phong th\u1ee7y \u0111\u1ec1u khen l\u00e0 n\u01a1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1ea1ch (5) t\u1ed1t. \u0110\u1eddi L\u00ea, khi m\u1edbi d\u1eb9p y\u00ean gi\u1eb7c Cao B\u00ecnh, trong l\u00e0ng Ph\u00f9 \u1ee6ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t quan v\u0103n th\u1ea7n t\u00ean l\u00e0 V\u00f5 Vinh Ti\u1ebfn, tu\u1ed5i c\u00f2n tr\u1ebb \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m n\u00ean khoa ho\u1ea1n, c\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng binh \u0111\u1ed1c tr\u1ea5n \u1edf Cao B\u00ecnh. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u1ef3 l\u00e3o \u1edf trong l\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec1u ghen gh\u00e9t, vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e8 n\u00e9n kh\u00f4ng cho d\u1ef1. M\u1ed7i khi l\u00e0ng v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e1m, c\u00f3 l\u1ec7 \u0103n u\u1ed1ng, th\u00ec m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u tho\u00e1i th\u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n ng\u1ed3i c\u00f9ng chi\u1ebfu v\u1edbi V\u00f5 c\u00f4ng. V\u00f5 c\u00f4ng sai \u0111em m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m l\u1ea1ng b\u1ea1c v\u00e0 tr\u00e2u, g\u1ea1o t\u1ea1 l\u1ed7i. Ch\u00fang kh\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn, b\u1eaft ph\u1ea3i th\u00e2n v\u1ec1 t\u1eadn n\u01a1i. V\u00f5 c\u00f4ng d\u1eaft tr\u00e2u, \u0111em b\u1ea1c v\u1ec1, lu\u1ed3n l\u1ecdt cho \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecfa l\u00f2ng. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00edt l\u00e2u, c\u00e1i hi\u1ec1m kh\u00edch c\u0169 \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00ean d\u1ea7n, \u00f4ng m\u1edbi b\u00e0n v\u1edbi d\u00e2n xoay mi\u1ebfu th\u1ea7n v\u1ec1 h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1eafc, xong \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u1ea5y, l\u1eadp \u0111\u00e0n chi\u00eau h\u1ed3n, r\u1ed3i nh\u1ea3y xu\u1ed1ng s\u00f4ng m\u00e0 th\u1ec1 r\u1eb1ng: \\\"L\u00e0ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 coi khinh khoa ho\u1ea1n th\u00ec v\u1ec1 sau kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean c\u00f3 n\u1eefa\\\". T\u1eeb khi V\u00f5 c\u00f4ng m\u1ea5t, h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 trong l\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eefa. L\u00e0ng m\u1edbi h\u1ed1i h\u1eadn v\u1ec1 ch\u1ed7 x\u1eed t\u1ec7 v\u1edbi \u00f4ng qu\u00e1. Kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m B\u00ednh Ng\u1ecd, \u0110inh M\u00f9i (1726 \u2013 1727) l\u1ea1i xoay mi\u1ebfu th\u1ea7n v\u1ec1 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2y nh\u01b0 c\u0169, nh\u01b0ng trong l\u00e0ng b\u1ecb d\u1ecbch tai h\u1ea1i, d\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00ean, \u0111\u00e0nh l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1eafc. \u00d4i! Th\u00f3i ch\u1ea5t ph\u00e1c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e0n d\u1ea7n, phong t\u1ee5c c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ki\u00eau b\u1ea1c. C\u00f3 k\u1ebb \u0111i chu du r\u00e1ch n\u00e1t c\u1ea3 \u00e1o, khi tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0, v\u1ee3 v\u1edbi ch\u1ecb d\u00e2u c\u0169ng khinh (6). C\u00f3 k\u1ebb g\u00e1nh c\u1ee7i v\u1eeba \u0111i v\u1eeba h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 b\u1ecb l\u00e0ng x\u00f3m ch\u00ea c\u01b0\u1eddi. \u0110\u1ebfn khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111eo t\u01b0\u1edbng \u1ea5n s\u00e1u n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u01b0\u1ee1i xe quan Th\u00e1i th\u00fa ngh\u00eanh ngang th\u00ec nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb khinh b\u1ea1c gi\u1ec5u c\u1ee3t khi x\u01b0a m\u1edbi l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3n r\u01b0\u1edbc k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng. Xem nh\u01b0 b\u00e0i T\u00fac c\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00fd c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u00c2u D\u01b0\u01a1ng (7) \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i, th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi x\u01b0a c\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch x\u1eed v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u1ea5y; vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i th\u1ec1 nguy\u1ec1n nh\u1ecf m\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec3 chia l\u1ed7i v\u1edbi k\u1ebb h\u1eb9p h\u00f2i \u1ea5y!","_______ (1) Ph\u1ed1i h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1edd c\u00fang. (2) Kim \u1ea5n l\u00e0 danh t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0y \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd g\u1ecdi mi\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ea5t vu\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1i \u1ea5n v\u00e0ng. (3) Gi\u00e1o d\u00e0i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t g\u00f2 \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u00f4ng h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 c\u00e1i gi\u00e1o, ch\u1eef H\u00e1n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tr\u00e0ng can. (4) Trong ph\u00e9p phong th\u1ee7y c\u00f3 chia ra tay long (b\u00ean tr\u00e1i), tay h\u1ed5 (b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i); h\u1ed5 th\u1ee7y nh\u1ecbch tri\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 con s\u00f4ng Ph\u00f9 \u1ee6ng l\u00e0 tay h\u1ed5 ch\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1. (5) C\u0169ng trong ph\u00e9p phong th\u1ee7y c\u00f3 chia ra d\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1ea1ch (nh\u00e0 \u1edf), \u00e2m ph\u1ea7m (m\u1ed9 ch\u00f4n). (6) Nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 t\u00edch T\u00f4 T\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eddi Chi\u1ebfn Qu\u1ed1c. (7) T\u1ee9c \u00c2u D\u01b0\u01a1ng Tu \u0111\u1eddi T\u1ed1ng.","PH\u1ea0M C\u01af S\u0128 \u00d4ng Ph\u1ea1m C\u01b0 S\u0129 ng\u01b0\u1eddi huy\u1ec7n \u0110\u00f4ng Tri\u1ec1u, l\u00e0m m\u01b0u ch\u1ee7 cho qua t\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n \u0110o\u00e0n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng. B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi nh\u00e0 L\u00fd, trong n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1eafp lo\u1ea1n. \u00d4ng khuy\u00ean b\u1ea3o tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110o\u00e0n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ecdp qu\u00e2n \u1edf H\u1ed3ng Ch\u00e2u. V\u1ec1 sau vua Th\u00e1i T\u00f4n nh\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0 Chi\u00eau Ho\u00e0ng truy\u1ec1n ng\u00f4i cho, \u00f4ng \u0110o\u00e0n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00e8n chuy\u00ean gi\u1eef m\u1eb7t t\u1ec9nh \u0110\u00f4ng. Quan Th\u00e1i s\u01b0 nh\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n l\u00e0 Th\u1ee7 \u0110\u1ed9 m\u1edbi b\u00e0y m\u01b0u l\u1ea5y n\u00e0ng c\u00f4ng ch\u00faa Ngo\u1ea1n Thi\u1ec1m g\u1ea3 cho Ho\u00e0i \u0110\u1ea1o, Hi\u1ebfu V\u00f5 v\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n N\u1ed9n, b\u1ea3o \u00f4ng \u1ea5y \u0111em qu\u00e2n t\u1eeb huy\u1ec7n Qu\u1ebf D\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00eda Kinh B\u1eafc, k\u00e9o xu\u1ed1ng ph\u00eda nam \u0111\u00e1nh \u00fap C\u1ea9m Gi\u00e0ng. \u0110o\u00e0n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111em h\u1ebft qu\u00e2n ra m\u1eb7t \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng c\u1ef1. Th\u1ee7 \u0110\u1ed9 b\u00e8n \u0111em \u0111\u1ea1i binh qua s\u00f4ng Nh\u1ecb H\u00e0, k\u00e9o xu\u1ed1ng ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1nh huy\u1ec7n \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng H\u00e0o. \u0110o\u00e0n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng li\u1ec1n sai Ph\u1ea1m m\u01b0u ch\u1ee7 l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i, ch\u1ed1ng gi\u1eef m\u1eb7t C\u1ea9m Gi\u00e0ng, c\u00f2n \u0110o\u00e0n th\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00eda t\u00e2y ch\u1ed1ng nhau v\u1edbi Th\u1ee7 \u0110\u1ed9. V\u1ec1 sau, qu\u00e2n \u0110o\u00e0n b\u1ecb thua \u1edf l\u00e0ng Y\u00ean Nh\u00e2n, to\u00e0n qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ea1m c\u0169ng tan v\u1ee1. Ph\u1ea1m t\u1eeb C\u1ea9m Gi\u00e0ng ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ed1n xu\u1ed1ng ph\u00eda nam \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0ng Ho\u1ea1ch Tr\u1ea1ch th\u00ec v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1eb7ng qu\u00e1 ph\u00e1t ra m\u00e0 ch\u1ebft. Nay l\u00e0ng Ho\u1ea1ch Tr\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1n th\u1edd \u00f4ng Ph\u1ea1m v\u00e0 \u0111em \u00f4ng \u0110o\u00e0n ph\u1ed1i h\u01b0\u1edfng. L\u00e0ng c\u0169 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0110o\u00e0n l\u00e0 H\u1ed3ng Th\u1ecb c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1n th\u1edd \u00f4ng \u0110o\u00e0n v\u00e0 c\u0169ng \u0111em \u00f4ng Ph\u1ea1m ph\u1ed1i h\u01b0\u1edfng, hai n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 n\u01a1i di t\u00edch. \u00d4i! \u0110\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00fac h\u1ecd L\u00fd, h\u1ecd Tr\u1ea7n thay ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ee7, Th\u1ee7 \u0110\u1ed9 \u00e2m m\u01b0u c\u01b0\u1edbp n\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ee9t m\u1ea1ch s\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ee9c Giang, tuy\u1ec7t h\u1ebft t\u00f4ng chi l\u00e0ng C\u1ed5 Ph\u00e1p, chi\u1ebfm l\u1ea5y b\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ch\u00faa Thi\u00ean C\u1ef1c l\u00e0m v\u1ee3, \u0111em g\u1ea3 b\u00e0 Chi\u00eau Ho\u00e0ng cho m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00ec th\u1eadt l\u00e0 nh\u1eabn t\u00e2m qu\u00e1! Th\u1ebf m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi di th\u1ea7n nh\u00e0 L\u00fd \u0111\u1ec1u b\u00f3 tay c\u00fai \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ecbu l\u00e0m b\u1ea7y t\u00f4i. Duy c\u00f3 h\u1ecd \u0110o\u00e0n, h\u1ecd Ph\u1ea1m l\u00e0 k\u1ebb b\u1ea7y t\u00f4i xa x\u00f4i m\u00e0 bi\u1ebft c\u1eaft gi\u1eef l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t ch\u00e2u, li\u1ec1u ch\u1ebft ch\u1ed1ng gi\u1eef, th\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e1ng l\u00e0 k\u1ebb li\u1ec7t tr\u01b0\u1ee3ng phu. Tuy h\u01b0ng vong v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1, s\u1ee9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n d\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00ednh kh\u00ed h\u1ed3n nhi\u00ean v\u1eabn c\u00f2n m\u00e3i v\u1edbi tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea5t. B\u1ecdn Th\u1ee7 \u0110\u1ed9 \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t kia h\u00e1 ch\u1eb3ng th\u1eb9n ch\u1ebft \u0111i \u01b0?","L\u00c0NG H\u1ea0 B\u00cc L\u00e0ng H\u1ea1 B\u00ec \u1edf huy\u1ec7n ta khi x\u01b0a, ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o l\u00e0m n\u00ean quan to. C\u00e1c c\u1ed1 l\u00e3o c\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n r\u1eb1ng: kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m Quang Thi\u1ec7u (1) c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9c Tr\u1ea5n Qu\u1ed1c \u0110\u1ea1i T\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111em \u0111\u1ea1i qu\u00e2n v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf l\u00e0ng, c\u00f3 treo c\u00e1i bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0ng \\\"Tr\u1ea5n Qu\u1ed1c \u0110\u1ea1i T\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n\\\" \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00ecnh B\u00f9i Th\u00f4n. Nh\u01b0ng x\u00e9t trong s\u1eed s\u00e1ch th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y ch\u00e9p, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng x\u00e9t ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ean h\u1ecd. Nay th\u1ea5y trong qu\u1ed1c s\u1eed v\u1ec1 kho\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1eddi Quang Thi\u1ec7u, Th\u1ed1ng Nguy\u00ean, trong n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n (2), vua L\u00ea ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea1y, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eb7t n\u01a1i h\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i (3) \u1edf huy\u1ec7n Tr\u01b0\u1eddng T\u00e2n; t\u01b0\u1edfng khi \u1ea5y nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb h\u00e0o ki\u1ec7t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00f4ng \u1ee9ng m\u1ec7nh c\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebb l\u00e0m n\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng binh, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 l\u1ebd t\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3. \u0110\u1ebfn khi h\u1ecd M\u1ea1c c\u01b0\u1edbp ng\u00f4i, quan l\u00e0m s\u1eed b\u1ecf ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5, kh\u00f4ng ai ch\u00e9p, khi\u1ebfn cho k\u1ebb trung th\u1ea7n li\u1ec7t s\u0129 mai m\u1ed9t, kh\u00f4ng ai bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn. Than \u00f4i, th\u01b0\u01a1ng thay! _______ (1) Quang Thi\u1ec7u (1516 \u2013 1522) l\u00e0 ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u L\u00ea Chi\u00eau T\u00f4ng. (2) C\u00e2u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y trong b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch. (tducchau) (3) Ch\u1ed7 vua d\u1eebng ch\u00e2n ngh\u1ec9 khi \u0111i tu\u1ea7n du.","\u0110\u1ed6 U\u00d4NG \u00d4ng \u0110\u1ed7 U\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0ng \u0110o\u00e0n T\u00f9ng, huy\u1ec7n Tr\u01b0\u1eddng T\u00e2n, khi x\u01b0a c\u00f3 b\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i, g\u00f3a ch\u1ed3ng s\u1edbm, nh\u00e0 ngh\u00e8o, m\u1edf ng\u00f4i h\u00e0ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf b\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. M\u1ed9t h\u00f4m, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa ki\u1ec1u \u0111i \u0111\u00e0o c\u1ee7a v\u1ec1, v\u00e0o ngh\u1ec9, b\u1ecf qu\u00ean m\u1ed9t g\u00f3i b\u1ea1c. M\u1ed9t l\u00e1t, tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i, b\u00e0 l\u00e3o \u0111em \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ed1 b\u1ea1c tr\u1ea3 cho. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa ki\u1ec1u chia m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ec1n \u01a1n, b\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa ki\u1ec1u \u1ea5y c\u1ea3m c\u00e1i cao ngh\u0129a m\u00e0 b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng: \\\"Ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m n\u00ean ch\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng khanh. T\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n l\u1ea5y ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1n \u01a1n b\u00e0\\\". B\u00e0 l\u00e3o b\u00f9i ng\u00f9i m\u00e0 r\u1eb1ng: \\\"Th\u00e2n gi\u00e0 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 con c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00e2u, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n s\u00f3t \u0111\u1ee9a ch\u00e1u ngo\u1ea1i ba \u0111\u1eddi, c\u00f2n mong c\u00f4ng khanh g\u00ec n\u1eefa\\\". Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: \\\"Ch\u00e1u ngo\u1ea1i c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, duy ph\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e2u d\u00e0i m\u00e0 th\u00f4i\\\". B\u00e8n c\u1ed1 n\u00e0i xin \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho b\u00e0 ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1ea5t \u1ea5y. Sau \u0110\u1ed7 U\u00f4ng v\u00e0o thi \u0111\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ed7 B\u1ea3ng nh\u00e3n, l\u00e0m quan nh\u00e0 M\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9c Th\u1ecb lang. \u0110\u1eddi L\u00ea Trung h\u01b0ng, \u00f4ng l\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 L\u00ea, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Nh\u1eef C\u00f4ng Tung, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0ng Nh\u1eef X\u00e1 \u1edf huy\u1ec7n ta, coi gi\u1eef vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd ngo\u1ea1i giao, l\u1ea5y ch\u1ee9c v\u0103n quan \u0111i theo l\u00ean Nam Quan \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00e1m b\u1edd c\u00f5i, giao thi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi Trung Hoa, \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0m quan \u0111\u1ebfn Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00edt l\u00e2u, qu\u00e2n nh\u00e0 M\u1ea1c l\u1ea1i kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, v\u00f9ng T\u1ee9 Tuy\u00ean kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00ean, ch\u00faa Tr\u1ecbnh mu\u1ed1n r\u01b0\u1edbc vua L\u00ea v\u1ec1 An Tr\u00e0ng. \u0110\u1ed7 U\u00f4ng c\u1ed1 can, xin l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ed1 th\u1ee7. Ch\u00faa Tr\u1ecbnh sinh nghi, tay c\u1ea7m gi\u00e1o v\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e2m ch\u1ebft. V\u1ec1 sau, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy phong l\u00e0m ph\u00fac th\u1ea7n. Ta th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0ng \u0110o\u00e0n T\u00f9ng, nh\u00e2n xem c\u00e1i ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t t\u00edch, th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t khu \u0111\u1ea5t l\u1edbn th\u1ee7y h\u00ecnh (1) v\u00f2ng quanh v\u00e0i m\u01b0\u01a1i m\u1eabu, tr\u00ean v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u1ea5y, ch\u1ed7 l\u1ed3i, ch\u1ed7 l\u00f2m, ch\u1ed7 m\u1edf, ch\u1ed7 kh\u00e9p, h\u00ecnh th\u1ebf c\u0169ng \u0111\u1eb9p, ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa n\u1ed5i l\u00ean m\u1ed9t g\u00f2 kim h\u00ecnh (2), ch\u1eebng \u0111\u1ed9 h\u01a1n m\u01b0\u1eddi b\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f2i n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt ch\u1ea3y ngang, r\u1ed3i ch\u1ea3y v\u00f2ng l\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 ch\u1eef \u1ea5t Ki\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea5t Cao V\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00f3i \\\"Th\u1ee7y loan \u1ea5t t\u1ef1\\\" (ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y v\u00f2ng h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef \u1ea5t) ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y ch\u0103ng? \u00d4i! M\u01b0\u1ee3n th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t c\u00f4ng khanh m\u00e0 gh\u00e9p v\u00e0o cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00e1u ngo\u1ea1i, c\u00e1i m\u1eb9o c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa ki\u1ec1u \u1ea5y l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t c\u0169ng k\u1ef3 th\u1eadt! Nh\u01b0ng m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed7 c\u00f4ng sau b\u1ecb tai v\u1ea1, con ch\u00e1u c\u0169ng suy, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng t\u0103m g\u00ec, th\u1ebf th\u00ec c\u00e1i m\u1eb9o c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1i l\u1ebd t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u1ea1o h\u00f3a. C\u00e1c th\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd hay \u0111i b\u1ed1c m\u1ea3 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi, xem \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng n\u00ean t\u1ec9nh ng\u1ed9. Tuy th\u1ebf, trong kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m Di\u00ean Th\u00e0nh, Quang H\u01b0ng (3), nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd v\u1ec1 ngo\u1ea1i giao quan h\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u1ecf, tr\u1eddi m\u1edbi sinh ra ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho xong c\u00e1i vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00e1m b\u1edd c\u00f5i \u1edf tr\u00ean c\u1eeda Nam Quan, v\u1eady th\u00ec \u00f4ng \u1ea5y sinh ra l\u00e0 b\u1edfi t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e2u l\u1ea1i, m\u00e0 ch\u1ebft l\u00e0 b\u1edfi t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e2u \u0111i, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00e1i thu\u1eadt nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd c\u00f3 th\u1ebf xoay chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. _______ (1) Th\u1ee7y h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 g\u00f2 \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea1nh g\u00f3c. (2) Kim h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 g\u00f2 \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u00f2n. (3) Di\u00ean Th\u00e0nh (1578 \u2013 1585) l\u00e0 ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u M\u1ea1c M\u1eadu H\u1ee3p. Quang H\u01b0ng (1578 \u2013 1599) l\u00e0 ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u L\u00ea Th\u1ebf T\u00f4ng.","NH\u1eee C\u00d4NG TUNG \u00d4ng Nh\u1eef C\u00f4ng Tung ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0ng Nh\u1eef X\u00e1 huy\u1ec7n ta, \u0111\u1ed7 Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 \u0111\u1eddi nh\u00e0 M\u1ea1c, \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi L\u00ea trung h\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i theo v\u1ec1 L\u00ea, c\u00f3 \u0111i h\u1ed7 t\u1ee5ng ch\u00faa Tr\u1ecbnh l\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00e1m tr\u00ean Nam Quan, sau l\u1ea1i sang s\u1ee9 Trung Hoa, l\u00e0m quan \u0111\u1ebfn Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e0 c\u0169 \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1edbc x\u00f3m ch\u00f9a l\u00e0ng \u1ea5y, r\u1ed9ng ch\u1eebng t\u00e1m ch\u00edn m\u1eabu, gi\u1eefa c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00f2 m\u1ed9 \u00f4ng ch\u00f4n \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5y. Kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m B\u00ednh Ng\u1ecd, \u0110inh M\u00f9i (1786 \u2013 1787) c\u00f3 \u00f4ng Nh\u1eef C\u00f4ng Ch\u00e2n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ho\u1ea1ch Tr\u1ea1ch, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u01a1i l\u00e0ng Nh\u1eef X\u00e1, qua n\u1ec1n nh\u00e0 c\u0169 c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eef C\u00f4ng Tung, c\u00f3 b\u00e0i th\u01a1 r\u1eb1ng: C\u1ed5 t\u1ef1 m\u00f4n ti\u1ec1n th\u1eadp m\u1eabu \u00f4i, Truy\u1ec1n v\u0103n th\u1eeba t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ef1u \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0i. V\u00f4 danh d\u00e3 th\u1ea3o mai u k\u00ednh, B\u1ea5t ph\u1eabn nh\u00e0n hoa l\u1ea1c v\u00e3n \u0111\u00e0i. L\u1ec5 b\u1ed9 tam tri\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea9u tu\u1ea5n, Nam Quan l\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1u h\u1ed3i. C\u00f4ng danh ph\u00fa qu\u00ed kim h\u00e0 t\u1ea1i, T\u1ecbch m\u1ecbch thu phong th\u1ed5 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f4i. D\u1ecbch: M\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eabu quanh ch\u00f9a \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng thay, Nh\u00e0 quan t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u0169 \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y. Ngh\u0129 v\u00f9i c\u1ecf n\u1ed9i n\u00e0o ai bi\u1ebft, R\u00eau l\u1ea5p hoa t\u00e0n n\u1ecd k\u1ebb hay. B\u1ed9 L\u1ec5 ba tri\u1ec1u ng\u00f4i ch\u00f3t v\u00f3t, C\u1eeda quan hai \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ee9 xa kh\u01a1i. C\u00f4ng danh ph\u00fa qu\u00ed c\u00f2n \u0111\u00e2u n\u1eefa, Hiu h\u1eaft h\u01a1i may nu\u1ed1m c\u1ecf d\u00e0y. B\u00e0i th\u01a1 \u1ea5y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u00fd c\u1ea3m kh\u00e1i. \u00d4i ! Nh\u01b0 \u00f4ng Nh\u1eef C\u00f4ng Tung g\u1eb7p bu\u1ed5i th\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi, c\u00f9ng l\u00e0m quan v\u1edbi \u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed7 c\u00f4ng (1) ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110o\u00e0n T\u00f9ng, c\u00f9ng coi vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd ngo\u1ea1i giao, khi\u1ebfn cho Nam B\u1eafc l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1eefu ngh\u1ecb v\u1edbi nhau, th\u1ebf l\u00e0 gi\u00fap n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. Nay \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng t\u1eadp v\u0103n ch\u00e9p \u1edf Ch\u00e2u t\u01b0 t\u00fay bang l\u1ee5c","th\u00ec th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng \u00e1ng v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m r\u1ea1ng r\u1ee1 cho n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0. Th\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1ng khen. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u, \u00f4ng ta l\u00e0m quan v\u1edbi h\u1ecd M\u1ea1c, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 vi\u00ean ng\u1ecdc b\u1ea1ch b\u00edch c\u00f3 t\u00ec v\u1ebft, kh\u00e1 ti\u1ebfc thay! C\u00f2n nh\u01b0 Nh\u1eef C\u00f4ng Ch\u00e2n \u1edf Ho\u1ea1ch Tr\u1ea1ch, g\u1eb7p l\u00fac lo\u1ea1n, gi\u1ea3 c\u00e1ch r\u1ed3 d\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef cho s\u1ea1ch m\u00ecnh, kh\u00f4ng ra l\u00e0m quan, nh\u01a1 m\u1ea5t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, th\u00ec c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac tu\u1ed5i t\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0, l\u1ea1i mu\u1ed1n c\u1ea7u c\u1ea1nh l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t danh m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y S\u01a1n, ch\u1eb3ng hay sau khi xu\u1ed1ng su\u1ed1i v\u00e0ng, Nh\u1eef C\u00f4ng Ch\u00e2n c\u00f3 g\u1eb7p Nh\u1eef C\u00f4ng Tung th\u00ec ngh\u0129 sao? _______ (1) T\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ed7 U\u00f4ng.","L\u00dd \u0110\u1ea0O T\u00c1I Huy\u1ec1n Quang thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 l\u00e0 L\u00fd \u0110\u1ea1o T\u00e1i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0ng V\u1ea1n Ti, huy\u1ec7n Gia \u0110\u1ecbnh, l\u00e0 b\u1eadc khoa b\u1ea3ng m\u00e0 b\u1ecf \u0111i tu, chuy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00e9p \u1edf Tr\u00fac l\u00e2m truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u0103ng l\u1ee5c. G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4 c\u00f3 so\u1ea1n b\u00e0i Huy\u1ec1n Quang h\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef, trong c\u00f3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec7n n\u00e0ng B\u00edch, nh\u01b0ng truy\u1ec7n \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y ch\u00e9p trong s\u1eed, ta th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ea5y l\u00e0m ng\u1edd. C\u00f2n nh\u1edb khi m\u1edbi l\u00ean b\u1ea3y t\u00e1m tu\u1ed5i, th\u01b0\u1eddng theo b\u00e0 ti\u00ean cung nh\u00e2n ta sang h\u1ea7u b\u00e0 c\u00f4 h\u1ecd ngo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 b\u00e0 ch\u00ednh th\u1ea5t quan Thi\u00eam s\u1ef1 V\u00f5 c\u00f4ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0ng M\u1ed9 Tr\u1ea1ch. Khi c\u00e1c b\u00e0 ng\u1ed3i r\u1ed7i n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n, c\u00f3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00e0ng B\u00edch, ta m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y th\u1eadt. B\u00e0 phu nh\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: M\u1ed9 n\u00e0ng B\u00edch \u1edf l\u00e0ng Ho\u1ea1ch Tr\u1ea1ch; bu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m C\u1ea3nh H\u01b0ng, c\u00f3 k\u1ebb \u0111\u00e0o l\u00ean th\u00ec th\u1ea5y quan t\u00e0i v\u1eabn c\u00f2n s\u01a1n son y nguy\u00ean, m\u1edf ra xem, quan t\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea7y n\u01b0\u1edbc trong veo, h\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01a1m ng\u00e1t m\u0169i, r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1eady l\u1ea1i li\u1ec1n (1). Sau \u00f4ng Nh\u1eef C\u00f4ng Ch\u00e2n c\u00f3 c\u00e2u th\u01a1 r\u1eb1ng: Giai nh\u00e2n l\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ecba \u1ee7y kim \u0111i\u1ec1u. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0: Giai nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e0y \u0111\u1ecda r\u1ee5ng b\u00f4ng v\u00e0ng. L\u1ea1i c\u00f3 c\u00e2u: T\u1eb1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u00eau ph\u00f2ng khoa y\u1ec3u \u0111i\u1ec7u, Kh\u01b0\u1edbc lai s\u01a1n t\u1ef1 b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng thi\u1ec1n. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0: Ph\u00f2ng ti\u00eau thu\u1edf tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eebng khoe \u0111\u1eb9p, Ch\u00f9a n\u00fai sau n\u00e0y t\u1ef1a c\u1ea3nh kh\u00f4ng. B\u00e0i th\u01a1 \u1ea5y toan \u0111em \u0111i kh\u1eafc bia \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00f4n tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9, nh\u01b0ng sau l\u1ea1i th\u00f4i. Ta ti\u1ebfc r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1edb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n b\u00e0i. _______ (1) C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 sau: Huy\u1ec1n Quang l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 \u0111\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea1o. N\u0103m \u00f4ng 60 tu\u1ed5i, vua Anh T\u00f4n sai n\u00e0ng \u0110i\u1ec3m B\u00edch \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eed \u00f4ng. \u0110i\u1ec3m B\u00edch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cung nh\u00e2n. Th\u1ecb B\u00edch \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00f9a, xin \u1edf l\u1ea1i tu h\u00e0nh, t\u1ed1i t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch ch\u1ecdc gh\u1eb9o \u00f4ng, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, ngh\u0129 ra c\u00e1ch l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e9n v\u00e0ng nh\u00e0 vua ban cho \u00f4ng, r\u1ed3i tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 t\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 c\u00e1m d\u1ed7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00f4ng. Sau m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt. S\u00e1ch Tam t\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1o l\u1ee5c c\u00f3 ch\u00e9p b\u00e0i th\u01a1 n\u00f4m n\u00e0ng \u0110i\u1ec3m B\u00edch l\u00e0m gh\u1eb9o \u00f4ng: V\u1eb1ng v\u1eb7c tr\u0103ng mai \u00e1nh n\u01b0\u1edbc, Hiu hiu gi\u00f3 tr\u00fac ng\u00e2n sinh. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00f2a t\u01b0\u01a1i t\u1ed1t c\u00e0nh h\u00f2a l\u1ea1","M\u00e2u Th\u00edch Ca n\u00e0o thu\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh.","V\u00d5 TH\u00c1I PHI B\u00e0 V\u00f5 Th\u00e1i phi nguy\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0ng Mi Th\u1eef, huy\u1ec7n ta, t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u1eed D\u01b0\u01a1ng, huy\u1ec7n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u00fac. Cha \u0111i \u0103n tr\u1ed9m, b\u1ecb ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0ng \u0111em gi\u1ebft \u0111i. Khi \u1ea5y, b\u00e0 m\u1edbi ba b\u1ed1n tu\u1ed5i, m\u1eb9 xu\u1ed1ng t\u1ec9nh H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0m th\u1ee3 c\u1ea5y thu\u00ea \u1edf nh\u00e0 V\u00f5 c\u00f4ng l\u00e0ng Mi Th\u1eef. V\u00f5 c\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t h\u00f4m ra ngo\u00e0i ru\u1ed9ng, b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd m\u00f9a h\u00e8 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1eafng, Phi theo m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean b\u1edd ru\u1ed9ng, h\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ee9ng ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o th\u00ec c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y theo che r\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ea5t, kh\u00f4ng sai b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o. V\u00f5 c\u00f4ng l\u1ea5y l\u00e0m l\u1ea1, b\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 cho Phi l\u00e0m con g\u00e1i nu\u00f4i. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00edt l\u00e2u, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 \u0111i l\u00e0m thu\u00ea n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft, Phi m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed5i theo h\u1ecd V\u00f5. Khi Phi l\u1edbn l\u00ean, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o h\u1ea7u ch\u00faa Tr\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 Hi T\u1ed5 Nh\u00e2n V\u01b0\u01a1ng (Tr\u1ecbnh C\u01b0\u01a1ng) \u0111\u1ebb ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi con l\u00e0 D\u1ee5 T\u1ed5 (Tr\u1ecbnh Giang) v\u00e0 Ngh\u1ecb T\u1ed5 (Tr\u1ecbnh Doanh). D\u1ee5 T\u1ed5 sau ti\u1ebfn phong cho b\u00e0 l\u00e0 Th\u00e1i phi. B\u00e0 Th\u00e1i phi v\u1ec1 sau d\u1eb9p y\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed9i lo\u1ea1n, l\u1eadp ch\u00faa Ngh\u1ecb T\u1ed5 l\u1ea5y hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 Th\u00e1i T\u00f4ng (1), b\u00e0 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia phong t\u00f4n hi\u1ec7u. B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, h\u1ecd h\u00e0ng b\u00e0 \u1edf l\u00e0ng T\u1eed D\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ai c\u1ea3, n\u00ean m\u1edbi nh\u1eadn h\u1ecd V\u00f5 \u1edf l\u00e0ng Mi Th\u1eef l\u00e0m qu\u1ed1c th\u00edch. Em ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ec7 l\u00e0 B\u00ednh Trung (2) l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 l\u1eadp nh\u00e0 ch\u00faa, t\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1eedu ph\u1ea9m. Con ch\u00e1u h\u1ecd h\u00e0ng \u1ef7 th\u1ebf l\u00e0m c\u00e0n, b\u1eaft d\u00e2n \u0111i phu l\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e1 v\u1ec1 l\u00e0m nh\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 b\u1ed1n ph\u1ee7 thu\u1ed9c t\u1ec9nh H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111i cung c\u1ea5p phu d\u1ecbch khi\u00eang v\u00e1c, h\u1ec5 anh \u0111i th\u00ec em m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1. Ba huy\u1ec7n \u1edf ph\u1ee7 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ed3ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu phu d\u1ecbch r\u1ea5t n\u1eb7ng, d\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kham \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u1ec1 sau, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ninh X\u00e1 huy\u1ec7n Ch\u00ed Linh l\u00e0 con \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n M\u1ea1i, t\u1ee9c Nguy\u1ec5n C\u1eeb, Nguy\u1ec5n Tuy\u1ec3n th\u1eeba th\u1ebf l\u00e0m lo\u1ea1n, gh\u00e9p tre l\u00e0m n\u00f3n d\u1ea5u (3), v\u00f3t n\u1ee9a l\u00e0m gi\u00e1o, k\u00e9o qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed1t ph\u00e1 nh\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ngo\u1ea1i ph\u1ee7 \u1edf l\u00e0ng Mi Th\u1eef. \u1ea4y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 h\u1ed3i lo\u1ea1n kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m Canh Th\u00e2n \u2013 T\u00e2n D\u1eadu (1740 \u2013 1741). Nay t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1 t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ee9t n\u1ebb ra, s\u1ee5t c\u1ea3 xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t, g\u1ea7n ch\u1ea5m m\u00e1i, khi n\u00e0o m\u01b0a to th\u00ec n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y r\u00f3t v\u00e0o trong, g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y v\u1eabn c\u00f2n tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y m\u00e1i nh\u00e0. H\u1ed3i lo\u1ea1n n\u0103m Canh Th\u00e2n, T\u00e2n D\u1eadu, t\u1ec9nh H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng ta ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c binh \u0111ao \u0111\u1ebfn m\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e1m n\u0103m, ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t h\u1ea7u th\u00e0nh r\u1eebng r\u1eadm. Gi\u1ed1ng g\u1ea5u ch\u00f3, l\u1ee3n l\u00f2i sinh t\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ea7y c\u1ea3 ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed3ng. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t ph\u1ea3i \u0111i b\u00f3c v\u1ecf c\u00e2y, b\u1eaft chu\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u00e0 \u0103n. M\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu ru\u1ed9ng ch\u1ec9 b\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i b\u00e1nh n\u01b0\u1edbng. T\u1ed5ng Minh Lu\u00e2n ta c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0 c\u1ee5 g\u00f3a m\u00e0 gi\u00e0u, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0ng b\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 l\u00e0m h\u1eadu th\u1ea7n (4). V\u00ec ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 c\u1ee5 ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 n\u00fai, n\u00ean t\u1ee5c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u00e0 \\\"h\u1eadu n\u00fai\\\". G\u1eb7p n\u0103m m\u1ea5t m\u00f9a, nh\u00e0 h\u1ebft c\u1ea3 th\u00f3c \u0103n, b\u00e0 mang n\u0103m bao b\u1ea1c \u0111i \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00f3c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3i \u1edf b\u00ean x\u00f3m ch\u00f9a B\u00ecnh \u0110\u00ea. B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, l\u00e0ng ta b\u1ecf hoang r\u1eadm r\u1ea1p ng\u1eadp m\u1eaft. \u0110\u1ebfn khi lo\u1ea1n l\u1ea1c \u0111\u00e3 y\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0ng m\u1edbi t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1n kinh \u0111\u00f4 l\u1ee5c t\u1ee5c k\u00e9o v\u1ec1, ch\u1eb7t tranh ph\u00e1 c\u1ecf, \u0111i t\u00ecm nh\u1eadn l\u1ea5y n\u1ec1n nh\u00e0 c\u0169, thu nh\u1eb7t nh\u1eefng x\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e0n \u0111em ch\u00f4n. Nay \u1edf ph\u00eda nam \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t khu ngh\u0129a trang, h\u00e0ng n\u0103m c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebfn r\u1eb1m th\u00e1ng b\u1ea3y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0ng \u0111em c\u1ed7 b\u00e0n ra c\u00fang vi\u1ebfng th\u1ea7n S\u01a1n H\u1eadu, t\u1ee5c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u00e0 H\u1eadu n\u00fai (5). C\u00e1c c\u1ee5 nh\u00e0 nho l\u00e0ng ta ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a, nh\u01b0 \u00f4ng nho sinh Ph\u1ea1m Di\u00ean B\u00e1, th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi ta r\u1eb1ng, \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00fac lo\u1ea1n l\u1ea1c, \u00f4ng \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ec1 t\u1ec9nh \u0110\u00f4ng, c\u00f3 v\u00e0o ngh\u1ec9 nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng c\u01a1m b\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u1ea5y m\u00f9i th\u1ecbt r\u1ea5t tanh, tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e1t canh n\u1ed5i sao l\u00ean nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh b\u00e1n nguy\u1ec7t. H\u1ecfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0ng c\u01a1m th\u00ec h\u1ecd n\u00f3i \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1ecbt l\u1ee3n l\u00f2i. Khi \u0103n \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1eeda ch\u1eebng, th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 con r\u1eadn ch\u1ebft \u1edf tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t b\u00e1t, m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 th\u1ecbt ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u1ed9i v\u00e0ng ch\u1ea1y ra m\u00f3c c\u1ed5 th\u1ed5 ra. \u00d4i ! \u0110\u1eddi x\u01b0a b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng \\\"th\u00fa \u0103n th\u1ecbt ng\u01b0\u1eddi\\\" c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i qu\u00e1 t\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf! Sau lo\u1ea1n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0ng ta m\u1edbi tr\u1edf v\u1ec1, ph\u1ea3i l\u1ea5y l\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed1t s\u1ea1ch ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed3ng, tr\u00f4ng ra man m\u00e1c. Trong l\u00e0ng ch\u01b0a k\u1ecbp l\u00e0m nh\u00e0 \u1edf, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f9ng nhau qu\u00e2y qu\u1ea7n chung quanh n\u1ec1n \u0111\u00ecnh mi\u1ebfu, k\u1ebft k\u1ebb s\u01a1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n, c\u00f9ng tr\u00f4ng nom gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 l\u1eabn nhau, \u1ed1m \u0111au c\u00f9ng ph\u00f9 tr\u00ec, t\u1eed t\u00e1ng c\u00f9ng vi\u1ebfng th\u0103m. V\u1ec1 sau, c\u1ee9 theo th\u00f3i \u1ea5y th\u00e0nh ra m\u1ed9t h\u1ecd B\u00ecnh Ninh (t\u1ee5c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u1ecd Nghi (6)), c\u0169ng theo \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i \u00fd c\u1ed5 nh\u00e2n ra v\u00e0o gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 l\u1eabn nhau. Cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m C\u1ea3nh H\u01b0ng, trong l\u00e0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft, trai tr\u00e1ng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0, c\u00f2n nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean m\u1edbi l\u1edbn l\u00ean, l\u1ea1i sinh ra th\u00f3i tr\u00e1 ng\u1ee5y, c\u00e1i \u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169 \u1ea5y m\u1edbi b\u1ecf \u0111i. G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n k\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdp b\u1ea1n v\u1edbi nhau, nh\u01b0ng ho\u1eb7c th\u1ea5y l\u1ee3i m\u00e0 tranh nhau, ho\u1eb7c t\u1ee9c kh\u00ed m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh nhau, v\u1eeba h\u1ecdp l\u1ea1i","tan ngay. Th\u1ebf th\u00ec l\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1eef trung t\u00edn, n\u1ebft l\u00e0m \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1eef ngay th\u1eb3ng, l\u00e0m sao m\u00e0 thi h\u00e0nh \u1edf ch\u1ed1n l\u00e0ng x\u00f3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. B\u1eadc th\u00e1nh nh\u00e2n d\u1ea1y nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i l\u1eafm. Ta th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c c\u1ee5 t\u00f4n tr\u01b0\u1edfng h\u1ecd B\u00ecnh Ninh t\u1ee5c g\u1ecdi h\u1ecd Nghi (7) n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n r\u1eb1ng l\u00e0ng ta ch\u1ec9 n\u1ec1n \u0111\u00ecnh l\u00e0 cao nh\u1ea5t, th\u1ee9 hai \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ec1n Th\u1ed5 S\u01a1n, sau n\u1eefa m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ec1n l\u00e0ng \u0110\u1ed1ng Th\u1ed5. Ta v\u1eabn l\u01b0u \u00fd nghi\u1ec7m xem th\u00ec qu\u1ea3 nhi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng sai. T\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi Chi\u00eau Th\u1ed1ng, n\u0103m K\u1ef7 D\u1eadu (1789) tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 sau, ta ph\u1ea3i \u0111i ki\u1ebfm \u0103n b\u1ed1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, m\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m \u0110inh T\u1ef5 (1797) m\u1edbi tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 l\u00e0ng, ra t\u1ea3n b\u1ed9 quanh ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed3ng, th\u00ec th\u1ea5y Th\u1ed5 S\u01a1n, \u0110\u1ed1ng S\u01a1n c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng th\u1ea5p, n\u1ec1n \u0111\u00ecnh c\u0169ng v\u1eady, m\u00e0 x\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ed3ng L\u1ea1c, M\u1ea3 N\u00f4m so v\u1edbi c\u0169 l\u1ea1i cao g\u1ea5p m\u1ea5y. M\u1edbi bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecba m\u1ea1ch c\u0169ng c\u00f3 khi thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng. Ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00e0ng ta c\u00f3 c\u00e1i qu\u00e1n \u0110\u1ed9 t\u1eed, truy\u1ec1n r\u1eb1ng t\u1eeb n\u0103m Canh Th\u00e2n (1740) \u0111\u1eddi C\u1ea3nh H\u01b0ng tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0ng ai ch\u1ebft n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0a ma v\u1ec1 th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o trong l\u00e0ng, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1o quan ngo\u00e0i qu\u00e1n \u1ea5y m\u00e0 l\u00e0m ma, nh\u00e2n th\u1ebf m\u1edbi th\u00e0nh t\u00ean l\u00e0 qu\u00e1n \u0110\u1ed9 t\u1eed. Sau khi lo\u1ea1n l\u1ea1c \u0111\u00e3 y\u00ean, t\u1ee5c \u1ea5y m\u1edbi b\u1ecf \u0111i. Quan Thi\u00eam s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 L\u00ea \u0110\u00ecnh T\u1ed1n li\u1ec1n quy\u00ean ti\u1ec1n s\u1eeda sang l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m n\u01a1i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i c\u00e0y c\u1ea5y ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i, b\u1ecf ch\u1eef t\u1eed \u0111i, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eef \u0110\u1ed9, th\u00e0nh t\u00ean l\u00e0 qu\u00e1n \u0110\u1ed9. Qu\u00e1n \u1ea5y ch\u00ednh \u1edf v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda t\u00e2y nh\u00e0 ta, m\u1ed7i khi m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi g\u1ea7n x\u1ebf chi\u1ec1u, l\u0169 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111u\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e0n tr\u00e2u tr\u1edf v\u1ec1, ngh\u1ec9 ch\u01a1i \u1edf \u0111\u00f3, ti\u1ebfng h\u00e1t ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ecbch v\u00e9o von nghe c\u0169ng th\u00fa v\u1ecb. Ta nh\u00e2n l\u00fac thong th\u1ea3 c\u0169ng ra ch\u01a1i qu\u00e1n \u1ea5y, \u0111i d\u1ea1o tr\u00ean c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u00f4ng m\u00eanh, t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00f3ng kho\u00e1ng th\u1ea3nh th\u01a1i. Nay c\u00e1i qu\u00e1n \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed5 n\u00e1t, ta th\u00ec c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i l\u01b0u l\u1ea1c ch\u01b0a tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 l\u00e0ng, \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00e1ch qu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u00eam khuya ng\u1eabm ngh\u0129, kh\u00f4n xi\u1ebft b\u1ed3i h\u1ed3i! _______ (1) Theo b\u1ea3n g\u1ed1c. (2) B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch ch\u00e9p l\u00e0 B\u00ednh Trung C\u00f4ng. (tducchau) (3) N\u00f3n d\u1ea5u l\u00e0 n\u00f3n c\u1ee7a l\u00ednh. (4) Theo t\u1ee5c x\u01b0a, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 con th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111em ru\u1ed9ng n\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i c\u00fang v\u00e0o \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u00f9a \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e2n l\u00e0ng th\u1edd c\u00fang sau khi ch\u1ebft, c\u00fang v\u00e0o \u0111\u00ecnh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u1eadu th\u1ea7n, c\u00fang v\u00e0o ch\u00f9a g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u1eadu Ph\u1eadt. (5) \u0110o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y trong b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch. (6) Nghi l\u00e0 theo b\u1ea3n g\u1ed1c, b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch ch\u00e9p l\u00e0 Ngh\u00e8. (tducchau) (7) Theo b\u1ea3n g\u1ed1c.","\u0110\u1ec0N TH\u1edc L\u00c0NG TU\u1ea4N KI\u1ec6T L\u00e0ng Tu\u1ea5n Ki\u1ec7t huy\u1ec7n ta, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1n th\u1edd hai v\u1ecb ph\u00fac th\u1ea7n: m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 v\u1ecb Ph\u00f2 m\u00e3 tri\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 L\u00fd, hai l\u00e0 v\u1ecb c\u00f4ng ch\u00faa tri\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 L\u00fd, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft con vua n\u00e0o, kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u c\u1edb sao m\u00e0 th\u1edd. Ta xem s\u00e1ch s\u1eed \u0111\u1eddi nh\u00e0 L\u00fd, c\u00f3 l\u1ec7 chia phong th\u1ef1c \u1ea5p cho c\u00e1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng ch\u00faa; \u00fd ch\u1eebng c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u1ea5y c\u00f3 th\u00e1i \u1ea5p \u1edf \u0111\u00f3, n\u00ean d\u00e2n m\u1edbi ph\u1ee5ng th\u1edd. Ta ch\u1ec9 th\u1ea5y t\u1edd s\u1eafc c\u0169 bao phong c\u00f3 c\u00e2u \\\"\u0110\u1ec9nh an Nam ph\u1ee5c chi ki\u1ec1n kh\u00f4n, c\u00e1ch gia t\u00e2y duy chi mi\u1ebfu v\u0169\\\". Hai ch\u1eef t\u00e2y duy trong c\u00e2u \u1ea5y, ch\u01b0a hi\u1ec3u ngh\u0129a ra l\u00e0m sao, h\u00e3y ghi l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e9t.","C\u00c1I TH\u00d3I KI\u00caNG NG\u00c0Y TR\u00d9NG TANG, TR\u00d9NG PH\u1ee4C \u0110\u1eddi truy\u1ec1n r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 tang hay ki\u00eang ng\u00e0y tr\u00f9ng tang, tr\u00f9ng ph\u1ee5c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o ch\u1ebft g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i ng\u00e0y \u1ea5y th\u00ec nh\u00e0 \u1ea5y hay m\u1eafc tr\u00f9ng tang, ph\u1ea3i m\u1eddi th\u1ea7y ph\u00f9 th\u1ee7y v\u1ec1 l\u00e0m ph\u00e9p th\u01b0 ph\u00f9 li\u1ec7m tang (1). Ta x\u00e9t trong \u0111i\u1ec3n l\u1ec5, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft t\u1ea1i c\u1edb g\u00ec, b\u1ee5ng v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng cho l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i. C\u00f2n nh\u1edb b\u00e0 ti\u00ean cung nh\u00e2n ta c\u00f3 n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n: \u1edf l\u00e0ng Ho\u1ea1ch Tr\u1ea1ch huy\u1ec7n ta, c\u00f3 \u00f4ng l\u00e0m Huy\u1ec7n th\u1eeba huy\u1ec7n An Th\u1ebf; th\u1eddi \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng chu\u1ed9ng khoa m\u1ee5c, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m t\u00e1, nho, l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ra l\u00e0m quan. \u00d4ng th\u1eeba \u1ea5y m\u1edbi l\u1ea5y ngh\u1ec1 s\u0103n b\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec3 vui ch\u01a1i \u0111i kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng. G\u1eb7p khi tr\u1eddi g\u1ea7n x\u1ebf chi\u1ec1u, th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t con chim l\u1edbn b\u1eb1ng con v\u1ecbt, s\u1eafc l\u00f4ng m\u00e0u h\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1eadm, bay t\u1eeb tr\u00ean tr\u1eddi sa xu\u1ed1ng. N\u00f3 \u0111\u1eadu tr\u00ean c\u00e1i m\u1ea3 m\u1edbi m\u00e0 m\u1ed5 m\u00e3i, v\u00e0 nghe trong m\u1ea3 c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng kh\u00f3c hu hu. \u00d4ng th\u1eeba gi\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u00fang nh\u1eb1m b\u1eafn; con chim ch\u1ebft; ti\u1ebfng kh\u00f3c trong m\u1ea3 c\u0169ng im. Ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m sau, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ebfu t\u1eed (2) \u0111em x\u00f4i l\u1ee3n \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn nh\u00e0 b\u00e1i t\u1ea1. \u00d4ng th\u1eeba l\u1ea5y l\u00e0m l\u1ea1 m\u1edbi h\u1ecfi, th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ebfu t\u1eed th\u01b0a r\u1eb1ng: \\\"Cha m\u1ea5t g\u1eb7p ng\u00e0y tr\u00f9ng tam, n\u00ean trong nh\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5y c\u00e1i tang li\u1ec1n. \u0110\u00eam h\u00f4m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, th\u1ea5y vong h\u1ed3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi cha b\u00e1o m\u1ed9ng b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng: c\u00e1i con hung s\u00e1t \u1ea5y n\u00f3 l\u00e0m kh\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00f4ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng, tr\u1eeb \u0111i r\u1ed3i, v\u1eady n\u00ean g\u1ecdi ch\u00fat l\u1ec5 m\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec1n \u01a1n\\\". Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y \u1edf v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m Canh Th\u00e2n (1740), nh\u01b0ng nh\u00e0 nho ta v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng tin. _______ (1) L\u00e0m b\u00f9a l\u00e0m d\u1ea5u cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ecf v\u00e0o \u00e1o quan. (2) Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 tang cha hay m\u1eb9.","KH\u00c1CH \u0110\u1ec2 C\u1ee6A N\u01b0\u1edbc ta c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ed7 Hoa ki\u1ec1u (1) \u0111\u00e0o h\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a. Ta th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch Thuy\u1ebft ki\u1ec1m kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m Ho\u1eb1ng Nguy\u00ean, V\u0129nh L\u1ecbch (2), qu\u00e2n Trung Hoa k\u00e9o sang n\u01b0\u1edbc ta, c\u00e1c quan th\u00fa l\u1ecbnh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng nam th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u01a1 v\u00e9t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng mang v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u00dd ch\u1eebng h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd. L\u00e0ng ta, \u1edf g\u00f2 \u0110\u1ed1ng Th\u1ed5, v\u1eabn truy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a. K\u1ebb n\u00f4ng phu \u0111i \u0111\u00eam l\u00e0m ru\u1ed9ng ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed3ng, th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y t\u1eebng \u0111\u00e0n g\u00e0 v\u00e0ng, v\u1ecbt v\u00e0ng ra \u0103n, li\u1ec1n ch\u1ea1y l\u1ea1i \u0111u\u1ed5i, th\u00ec \u0111\u00e0n g\u00e0 v\u1ecbt \u1ea5y ch\u1ea1y v\u1ee5t \u0111\u1ebfn g\u00f2 \u0110\u1ed1ng Th\u1ed5, bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t. Ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 trung \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ta ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i ao nh\u1ecf, n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111en, m\u00f9i tanh. G\u1eb7p khi \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ea1n (3), gi\u1ebfng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u c\u0169ng c\u1ea1n h\u1ebft, duy c\u00e1i ao \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea1n, g\u1eb7p khi tr\u1edf tr\u1eddi m\u01b0a n\u1eafng, th\u00ec n\u01b0\u1edbc ao th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00f4i l\u00ean, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed3ng xanh n\u1ed5i ra, l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 b\u00e0n tay. Nu\u00f4i c\u00e1 th\u00ec s\u1eaft l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng b\u00e9o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, tr\u1ed3ng sen th\u00ec l\u1ea1i t\u1ed1t. Ng\u00f5 nam l\u00e0ng ta c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i ao, truy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a. Kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m C\u1ea3nh H\u01b0ng, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn \u1edf tr\u1ecd, xu\u1ed1ng ao v\u1edbt b\u00e8o, th\u1ea5y ti\u1ec1n \u1edf trong n\u01b0\u1edbc phun ra li\u1ec1n \u0111em th\u00f9ng x\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111em v\u1ec1, r\u1ed3i g\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00e0 ra xem th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y g\u00ec n\u1eefa. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 \u1ea5y nh\u00e2n th\u1ebf l\u00e0m n\u00ean gi\u00e0u, r\u1ed3i \u0111em c\u1ea3 nh\u00e0 \u0111i n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0i n\u0103m l\u1ea1i ngh\u00e8o s\u00fat nh\u01b0 x\u01b0a. L\u1ea1i c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 n\u1eefa \u0111i ch\u1ee3 s\u1edbm, qua g\u00f2 \u0110\u1ed1ng Th\u1ed5, th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 nh\u00e0 c\u1eeda ch\u1eefng ch\u1ea1c, \u0111\u00e8n l\u1eeda s\u00e1ng tr\u01b0ng, trong c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u1ed3i d\u1ec7t c\u1eedi. Th\u1ebf th\u00ec truy\u1ec1n r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ed7 \u1ea5y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng sai. _______ (1) Theo b\u1ea3n g\u1ed1c. (2) Ho\u00e0ng Nguy\u00ean, V\u0129nh L\u1ecbch l\u00e0 ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a Thanh Th\u1ebf T\u1ed1, th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVII. (3) B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch ghi l\u00e0 h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n. (tducchau)","C\u1ed4 T\u00cdCH T\u1ec9nh H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng ta nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i c\u1ed5 t\u00edch, nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 am T\u1eed Ti\u00ean, ch\u00f9a V\u00e2n Y\u00ean, ch\u00f9a H\u01b0\u01a1ng H\u1ea3i, ch\u00f9a Qu\u1ef3nh L\u00e2m, \u0111\u1ed9ng Huy\u1ec1n Thi\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec7n L\u01b0u Trung, qu\u00e1n Trung T\u00e2n, nh\u00e0 Truy Vi\u1ec5n (1) v.v... T\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi L\u00fd, Tr\u1ea7n tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 sau, nh\u1eefng v\u0103n t\u1ef1 c\u1ed5 c\u00f2n s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean chu\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, bia \u0111\u00e1, ho\u1eb7c ch\u00e9p \u1edf trong truy\u1ec7n k\u00fd, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ea5y. Ta v\u00ec ngh\u00e8o c\u00f9ng l\u1ea1i g\u1eb7p gian tru\u00e2n nhi\u1ec1u, n\u00ean nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i danh th\u1eafng ch\u1ed1n c\u1ed1 h\u01b0\u01a1ng, kh\u00f4ng \u0111i xem h\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, ch\u1ec9 n\u1eb1m m\u00e0 du l\u1ecbch b\u1eb1ng tinh th\u1ea7n, ph\u1ea3ng ph\u1ea5t tr\u00ean t\u1edd gi\u1ea5y m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Ta th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i bia \u1edf th\u00e1p n\u00fai D\u1ee5c Th\u00fay c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u0103ng Ph\u1ee7 (2) c\u00f3 c\u00e2u \\\"Th\u1eafng c\u1ea3nh qu\u00ea l\u00e0ng ta, ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i ch\u01a1i \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ea7n kh\u1eafp\\\" th\u00ec trong \u00fd ta v\u1eabn th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u01a1 \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i ch\u01a1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. \u1ede huy\u1ec7n ta, tr\u1eeb c\u00e1i bia \u1edf tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n nh\u00e0 c\u0169 quan Tam s\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0ng Ch\u00e2u Kh\u00ea ra, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u00e1i bia n\u00e0o c\u1ed5 n\u1eefa. Khi nh\u1ecf, ta c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn huy\u1ec7n Tr\u01b0\u1eddng T\u00e2n, qua ch\u01a1i ch\u1ee3 Th\u00f4ng, ng\u1ed3i ngh\u1ec9 tr\u00ean c\u1ea7u Ph\u00fa C\u1ed1c l\u00e0ng \u0110o\u00e0n T\u00f9ng, truy x\u00e9t l\u1ea1i c\u00e1i di t\u00edch \u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed7 U\u00f4ng so\u1ea1n ra, d\u00e0i \u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0i tr\u0103m l\u1eddi n\u00f3i, trong b\u00e0i bia v\u1eeba t\u1ef1 s\u1ef1, v\u1eeba ngh\u1ecb lu\u1eadn, d\u00f9ng c\u1ea3 l\u1ed1i v\u0103n ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 nh\u00e0 nho, l\u1ed1i v\u0103n L\u00e3o Trang, c\u00f9ng thuy\u1ebft b\u00e1o \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt, h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t thi\u00ean. V\u0103n th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eddi Ti\u1ec1n L\u00ea \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n bi\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n. Nh\u01b0ng l\u1eddi v\u0103n c\u1ee9ng c\u00e1t, so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u0103n gia t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi Quang H\u01b0ng tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 sau, kh\u00e1c n\u00e0o m\u1ed9t v\u1ef1c m\u1ed9t tr\u1eddi. B\u00e0i v\u0103n bia \u1ea5y hi\u1ec7n c\u00f2n ch\u00e9p \u1edf trong Ngh\u1ec7 uy\u1ec3n phi anh t\u1eadp. _______ (1) B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch vi\u1ebft l\u00e0 Trung Vi\u1ec5n. (2) T\u1ee9c Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng H\u00e1n Si\u00eau (? \u2013 1354)."]