puchta_herbert_stranks_jeff_lewisjones_peter_think_students

3 VOCABULARY Read the article again. Find words or 10 KEEP H E A L T H Y phrases with the following meaning. 4 SPEAKING Discuss these questions with 0 an organization that gives money, food or help to people a partner. who need it (part 1) ch a n ty • Would any of the sports events in the article 1 happening once every year (part 1) -------- on page 98 attract your interest? W h y (not)? 2 to succeed in controlling a problem (part 2 ) _________ 3 not far away (part 3 ) __________ • W hat other fun sports events have you 4 liked by many people (part 3) -------- heard of? 5 showing no fear of dangerous or difficult things (part 3) • W hat do you do to stay fit and healthy? • W hat do you think you should do more of? W R ITIN G 3 Read the story again and answer the questions. A story 1 Which past tenses does the writer use in the 1 Read Lily's story below. Answer these first paragraph and why? questions. 2 The story has four paragraphs. Which of them ... 1 W h y weren’t Lily and her friends happy at • sets the scene? (who? where? when?) lunchtime on the last day of their holiday? • explains the group's plan for that day? • talks about a dramatic situation? 2 W h y do you think Pete said they couldn't • tells about the solution to the problem? go on the mountain? 4 Choose a sports event and think of a real or imagined 3 W hat do you think Lily and her friends story. Make a plan that helps you to tell the story in four learned from the experience? paragraphs. Make notes about ideas for each of them. 2 Which of the words in bold in the story 5 W rite your story (in about 200 words). Use Lily's story are used to: to help you. - talk about the time when things happened? • Make sure your story is well structured. - talk about the order in which things • W hen you have finished, check the tenses you have used. • Find a title that you think makes people want to read happened? - make the story more interesting? your story. A big mistake Last summer I was staying at a holiday camp with some friends. On the last day, we wanted to go up a mountain near the camp. But it was already lunchtime, and it had been raining all morning. So Pete, our guide, said, ‘Sorry, guys, the weather is just too bad. We can’t go.’ We had all been looking forward to this mountain trip for days. At first, we were really disappointed. Then one of my friends had an idea. ‘Why don’t we go anyway?’ he said. ‘Pete won’t notice, and we’ll be back before it gets dark’. Five minutes later we were ready to leave. We made good progress. ‘We’ll be at the top of the mountain in an hour,’ we thought. But then the weather changed. It became foggy, and the rain became much stronger. Suddenly, we realised that we had lost our way. Luckily, I had my mobile phone on me. We phoned Pete at the camp. He told us to stay where we were. When he found us, it was already dark. We were really sorry. We had made a big mistake.

CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH • Prelliminary • I THiNK EXAMS READING , Part 4: Four-option multiple choice 1 Read the text and questions below. For each question, mark the correct letter А, В, C or D. Somewhere in Africa Seventeen-year-old Nadia Clarke talks difficult th eir lives c an be. B ut I w a s profession. I sa w so m e truly aw ful things about her African experience. also a m az e d at h o w positively p eo p le go in th e h o sp ital, b u t n o n e of th e m c h a n g e d a b o u t th eir e v e ry d a y lives. T h e w a y th ey m y m ind ab o u t being a doctor. In fact, Last su m m e r I got th e ch an ce to c o m e to g e th e r a n d h elp e a c h o th e r is a they only m a d e m e m o re d eterm in ed to s p e n d a m o n th h e lp in g o u t in a h o sp ita l in real inspiration, an d so m eth in g I think a do m edicine! A frica. I h ad o n e y e a r left at school, an d lot of u s h e re in th e U K h a v e fo rg o tte n . I I w a s in te re s te d in s tu d y in g m e d ic in e a t t h in k m a n y o f u s d o n ’t r e a l i s e h o w lu c k y W h e n I finish, I k n o w exactly w h at u n iv ersity . I th o u g h t it w a s th e p e rfe c t w e are. I’m g oing to do: I w a n t to w o rk fo r an ch an ce to g et so m e ex p erien ce an d to in tern a tio n a l o rg a n isa tio n like th e R ed s e e if I re a lly w a n t e d to b e a d o c to r. M y w o rk in th e h o sp ita l w a s h a rd . I C ross or M edecins san s Frontieres and sp e n t a lot of tim e clean in g floors an d s p e n d m y life h elp in g p e o p le o v e rs e a s It w as a m onth that changed m y changing bed sh eets, but I also got w h o h a v e n ’t b e e n a s lu c k y in life a s m e . life. I w a s in tro d u c e d to a w o rld th a t is to sp en d so m e tim e looking after the I c a n ’t w a i t t o g e t s t a r t e d . v e ry d iffe ren t to m in e in s o m a n y w a y s . patients. A nd I got the ch an ce to talk to I w a s horrified at h o w p o o r so m any so m e doctors and ask them about the of the fam ilies over th ere a re an d how 1 W hat is Nadia doing in the text? LISTENING A Describing how to get work in a hospital. Part 3: Gap fill В Comparing hospitals in the UK and Africa. C Giving advice to people who want to be doctors. 2 Z M B S You will hear a man talking about D Talking about an amazing experience she had. summer jobs at the local newspaper. For each question, fill in the missing information in the 2 W hat did Nadia notice most about people there? numbered space. A How little money all of them had. В How friendly the people were to her. 1 C How well they looked after each other. The Daily Post D How much they needed medical help. 3 How has the trip changed Nadia's ideas about her SUMMER HOLIDAY JU N IO R POSITIONS own future? A She doesn't want to be a doctor any more. • Tvvojournalists В Now she definitely wants to be a doctor in the UK. C It's made her change a lot of her opinions. • Two [ 1 ] __________ D Now she really knows what she wants to do with • One editor her life. Working week 4 W hat might Nadia write home to her parents? A The doctors have been really kind here, but I'm • Mondays and [ 2 ] __________- 1 pm to 6 pm not so sure it's what I want to do anymore. В The people are very friendly and I’ve made 1• Tuesdays and Thursdays - 8 am - pm some really good friends. C It’s been difficult, but I really want to work • [3] free! somewhere like this when I'm a doctor. D Sweeping floors and cleaning beds! I want to • £5an hour spend more time with the patients. Other info 100 Jo b is for four weeks starting on Monday [4] Application forms on website or in [5] - this week only! Phone Robin on [6] for more information.

TEST YOURSELF U N IT S 9 6c 10 VOCABULARY /10 1 Complete the sentences with the words in the list. There are two extra words. as soon as until then as career notice challenging take feel in make training 1 If you aren't sleeping very well, perhaps you should__________more exercise. 2 M y brother's working _________ a secretary for the summer. 3 Have you ever thought about a __________in marketing? 4 The job’s OK, but it isn't v e ry __________, so sometimes I don't enjoy it much. 5 At the beginning, we got lots of on-the-job ........ ....so we could do it properly. 6 M y mum used to be a teacher, but now she w orks_________ the travel industry. 7 She hated the job, so after a month, she gave in her___________ 8 I’m going to keep trying........ ....... I find the answer! 9 I don't feel well. I'm going to phone the doctor an d __________an appointment. 10 I'll call you _________I get home. GRAMMAR /12 2 Complete the sentences. Use the correct form of the verbs in the list. build (x2) invite (x2) work (x2) 1 After I left school, I __________in a shop. 2 Our school__________in 1965. 3 W e _ _ _ _ _ _ _ to a party next Saturday, but I don’t know if we can go. 4 M y mum _________ in the bank for 20 years when she left her job there. 5 Every year, my sister__________to talk at a conference, and she always says 'Yes.' 6 They__________their house in only six months! 3 Find and correct the mistake in each sentence. 1 Millions of hamburgers eat every day. 2 W hen we got to London, we had being travelling for a long time. 3 Hundreds of houses have damaged by the hurricane. 4 The baby was very ill, so they were taken her to hospital. 5 Last week, I hurt in a car accident. 6 W hen she left school, she was a student there for eight years. FUNCTIONAL LANGUAGE MY SCORE l Ш 4 W rite the missing words. Choose from the words in the list. about afraid better feeling hurts see together would 1 A M y leg__________really badly. В Oh, really? Perhaps you should go and__ ______ a doctor. 2 A Joanna, how __________ coming to the cinema tonight? В Well, yes, that__________be great. Thanks. 3 A I haven't b een _____ _well all week. В Oh, I’m sorry to hear that. Hope you g e t__________soon. 4 A I thought we could do something__________tomorrow. В I'm really sorry, but I'm ___ ______ I can’t.

MAKING THE O BJECTIVES NEWS fu n c tio n s: reporting what someone has said; expressing feelings: anger GRAMMAR: reported statements; verb patterns: object + infinitive v o c a b u l a r y : fun; more verbs with object + infinitive; expressions with make READING 4 On April Fool's Day in many English-speaking countries, people play jokes on others. Journalists 1 Tick (/ ) the qualities you need to be a news are usually serious, but sometimes they play jokes, journalist. too. Do you have a similar day in your country? □ funny intelligent brave 5L Read and listen to the article. Which photo charming talented □ confident active cheerful relates to each story? Write the dates of the stories [ I positive serious on the pictures to match them. warm adventurous 6 Read the article again. Which story are these people talking about? M JM a iiM Work in pair*:. W hat othpr adjectives can you think of? 1 'I saw that. I think they were in the middle of making a nature programme.’ 3 В 2 Я Я Ш Э Would you like to be ajournalist? Say why or why not. 2 'What a great way to get people interested in your product.’ I'd like to be ajournalist because I like finding out things.I 3 'They said the mistake happened because of a bad translation.’ I wouldn't like to be a journalist because I’m not adventurous. 4 'It definitely doesn't come from a plant. I think it's made with flour and water.’ 5 'I think people believed the story because he was such an intelligent person.' pril Fool’s Day I n 1957 t h e B B C n e w s p r o g r a m m e P a n o r a m a t o l d i t s v i e w e r s th a t S w iss fa rm e rs w ere enjoying a really g o o d y e a r for their sp ag h etti crop. T h ey sh o w e d a film o f th e fa rm e rs picking th e p a sta fro m their trees. M a n y people believed th e story a n d so m e of th em even p h o n ed u p the BB C to ask h o w they could g ro w th eir o w n s p a g h e tti tree. T h e d a te, o f co u rse, w a s A pril 1st, o r A p r i l F o o l ’s D a y - t h e d a y w h e n p e o p l e i n m a n y c o u n t r i e s a c ro ss th e w o rld like to p la y jo k e s o n e a c h o th er. A pril 1st se e m s to be very p o p u la r w ith journalists. T h ey h av e the extrem ely im p o rtan t job o f reporting the new s to us. For 3 6 4 d ay s a y ear they need to be serious. B ut for o n e d a y a y e a r th ey allow th em selv es to forget this responsibility for a few m in u te s a n d h a v e a bit o f fu n trying to fool their read ers o r view ers.

11 MA K I N G THE NE WS There are many great examples of funny April Fool’s Day jokes from the newspapers and TV. For example, in 2008 BBC News claimed that penguins could fly. It said that their cameraman had seen this happen while filming at the South Pole. He said that, luckily, he had filmed the event, and they showed some video of penguins taking offand flying through the air. Of course, the BBC later admitted they had made up the whole story and used special effects to createthefilm. In 1981 the Daily Mail had a story about a Japanese runner in the London marathon. The man was still running days after the race had finished. The story explained that the athlete had misunderstood the rules ofthe race. Instead of running for 26 miles, he believed he needed to run for 26 days. The paper said that he was lost somewhere in the middle ofthe British countryside. And there’s certainly nothing new about these types of stories. Back in 1878 The Daily Graphic newspaper in the USA had a story about the famous scientist Thomas Edison. It told its readers that Edison had invented a food machine that would feed the human race. It didn’t explain how the machine worked, just that it would make any kind offood using air, water and earth. Many people believed the story and Edison got letters from people all over the country. It’s notjustjournalists who enjoy trying to fool us. Many big companies havejoined in the fun over the years. In 1998 a famous fast food restaurant used a whole page advert in one ofthe daily newspapers to tell us that it was going to sell a hamburger for left-handed people. It said that the new burger was just the same as the normal burger, but they had turned all the ingredients 180° in the bun. They said it would be easier for left-handed people to eat. Thousands of people went to restaurants to try and buy one. So when people tell you not to believe everything you read in the newspapers, they might be right - especially on April 1st! ■ THINK VALUES 2 Work in pairs. Think of a time when you were the target of a joke. How Being able to laugh at yourself did you feel? Do you feel differently about it now? шшш1 Three people were told about the I remember once my friend ... spaghetti trees. They all believed the story. Here's At the time I felt / 1didn't think... what they said when they found out the truth. In pairs, Now I... discuss each reaction. Whose reaction do you like most? W hy? 3 SPEAKING Discuss in pairs. 1 Think of a time when a joke went wrong. 1 'How could I believe that? I feel really stupid and W h at was it and why did it go wrong? embarrassed.’ 2 W h y do you need to be careful when thinking about playing a joke? 2 'It’s a really great story. I think it’s funny that I believed it.’ 3 'It is funny, but I do feel a bit silly for believing it.’ 103 Number 1is too serious. It wasjust a sillyjoke. It's not important...

GRAMMAR Rewrite these quotes as reported speech. Reported statements 0 'I work really hard.’ (He said ...) 1 Look at the article on pages 102-03 again. How are these statements reported? W rite down He sa id th a t he w orked really hard. how the underlined words change. Then use the example sentences to complete the rules. 1 'I flew back from Africa on Friday.' (She told ...) 0 Swiss farmers are enjoying a really good year 2 ’W e've met lots of interesting people.' for their spaghetti crop, w ere enjoying (They said ...) 1 Penguins can fly__________ 3 'I'm going to write a book one day.' (He told ...) 2 Our cameraman saw this happen at the South Pole. 4 'I can work for two days without sleeping.' 3 He is lost somewhere in the middle of the British countryside. (You said ...) 4 Edison has invented a food machine that will feed 5 'W e ll call you from the airport.' (They told ...) the human race............... 6 'I'm working on a really interesting story.' 5 The restaurant is going to sell a hamburger for (Shesaid ...) left-handed people................ 7 'I need a holiday.' (He told ...) 6 It will be easier for left-handed people to eat. 8 'I wanted to see the movie on opening night.1 (She to ld ...) >. m .ll!l.l.l.l!um i,lf W hen we report what people say, we VOCABULARY often change the verb tenses: Fun • present simple —* pa st simple • present continuous -♦_________ W ork in pairs. Cover sentences a-h. Read • past simple —* __ ___ __ sentences 1-8 and think of a sentence to follow • present perfect —►_________ each one to explain the meaning of the word in italics. • am /is/a re g o in g to —►___________ • can /can 't —►___________ 1 The party was fun. • w ill/w on't —►________ _ 2 I love Steve. He's hilarious. W e often use the verbs say and tell to report. 3 W h y is everyone laughing at me? After tell, use an object (me, her, them, etc.). After 4 I don’t get thatjoke. say, don’t use an object. 5 W e played ajo ke on him. 6 I'm rubbish at tellingjokes. 2 Complete the sentences with say or tell. 7 I'm not sure she liked you making fun of her. 8 That’s not funny at all. 0 My dad told me that he wanted me to tidy my room. a Did I say something silly? 1 The teacher __________ us that we could go home b I always forget the endings, early. c She seems quite upset, 2 l__________that I was going to phone you when d W e had a really great time, I got home. e Please don’t do it again, 3 The weatherman__________that it would be sunny f I mean he's really, really funny, later. g But I’m not sure he thought it was funny, 4 S h e __________him that she hadn’t forgotten his h Can someone explain it to me? birthday. 2 Match sentences 1-8 with the sentences a-h. 5 They -__ ______ that they were visiting their grandparents on Saturday. 3 SPEA K IN G Discuss in pairs. 6 He that he had left the books at the 1 Who's the funniest person you know? 2 Are you good at telling jokes? W h y or why not? front desk for me. 3 Do you always get jokes? W hat do you do when 7 D ad __________us we could stay at the party you don’t understand? until eleven. 4 Have you ever played a good joke on someone? 8 He ..that someone was following him, W hat was it? 5 W h at’s the funniest thing you have ever done? but I __________him he was imagining it.

W RITING 11 M A K I N G T H E N E W S A news report 3 С ТЯИ 1 Listen again. Choose the correct picture Choose one of the headlines below and write and put a tick ( / ) in the box below it. a short news report for it. Try to include two 1 How did he escape from the river when he was 12? examples of reported speech. 2 What danger did he escape from with his father Found- theworld'sfunniestjoke when he was a child? GOOD JOKE GOES WRONG Fun for everyone at school party LISTENING Which of these words do you associate with the extreme weather conditions in the photos? snow wind ice rain 3 Which of these photos gave Faidley his lucky break? 4 Which of these is the charity that Faidley has started? flood hailstorm 2 С Ш Ш Warren Faidley is an extreme weather journalist. Listen and tick (/ ) the types of weather in Exercise 1 that he reports on. Then answer the question. What is the difference between a weatherman and a weather journalist? ■ THiNK SELF-ESTEEM Giving an award 1 You want to create an international prize called the Warren Faidley Award. W ho will this prize be given to? □ A very brave journalist A great photographer A weather scientist 2 Think of people you admire and create an award in their name. They can be famous people or people you know. W ho should receive the award? The M iss Allen A w a rd The Michelle Obam a A w a rd is for someone is for the b est teacher. who has done som ething special for women.

R E A D IN G 4 R ead the article again. Put th e events in th e o rd er th e y h a p p en ed . W r ite 1-8 in th e boxes. 1 Imagine you are going to be interview ed by a journalist on a T V programme for teenagers Mr Goma gives his opinion about downloading about a subject you know a lot about. Think music. about the questions and make notes. Mr Goma is taken to a reception area. The T V presenter suspects she's got the 1 What is your specialist subject? wrong man. Arsenal Mr Goma is asked his first name. Mr Goma is taken to a studio. 2 What do you know about it? Mr Goma has hisjob interview. all the players, the history o f the club Mr Goma arrives at the BBC television centre. Mr Goma says he is surprised about the 2 Е З Е И З П 0 W o r k in pairs. Tell yo u r p a rtn er court case. about your specialist subject and what you can say a b o u t it. My s p e c ia lis t s u b je c t is A rse n a l. I can te ll y o u about all the players. I can tellyou w here they a re fro m , h o w o U th e y a r e ... Read the article. M atch the people with the descriptions. 1 GuyGoma a an expert 2 Guy Kewney b a candidate for a job 3 Karen Bowerman c ajournalist A tale of two Guys When Guy Goma went for a job Mr Goma later described the Guy Goma a t BBC Television Centre interview at the BBC he was very interview as being 'very stressful' surprised by the questions the but he did his best to answer the The video of Mr Goma was quickly interviewer was asking him. He'd questions from the BBC business uploaded onto YouTube, where it applied for a job in the computing journalist Karen Bowerman. At first, immediately went viral. department. Why did the woman Mr Goma looked very nervous, want him to answer questions but after a while he seemed to Twenty minutes after his TV about a big legal case involving be enjoying himself. When Karen appearance, Mr Goma finally got a famous music company? He asked him to talk about the result to his real interview. Unfortunately, was even more surprised when of the court case, he said that it he did not get the job. he found that he was answering was 'a big surprise'. He then went these questions live on on to say that more and more television. people were downloading music from the Internet because it was Mr Goma had been waiting very easy. At that point Karen in a reception room at Television Bowerman appeared to realise Centre when an assistant came something was wrong and very up and asked him if he was Guy. professionally ended the interview When he said 'yes', she told him after only three questions. to follow her to a TV studio. The next thing he knew, he was on Afterwards, Mr Goma said his national television. At the same interview had been very short time, Guy Kewney, the editor of but that he'd be happy to come Newswireless.net, sat in another back any time in the future to talk reception room wondering why he on national television. However, was waiting so long. he asked to be given a few more minutes to 'get ready' next time. 106

11 M A K I N G T H E N E W S GRAMM AR VOCABULARY More verbs with object + infinitive Verb patterns: object + infinitive 1 Read what the people say. Match each one with 1 Put the words in order to make sentences from a verb from the list. the text. Then complete the rule. persuade encourage warn invite 1 her / him /She /to /told /follow remind allow want 2 the court case / Karen /him /to talk about /asked / 0 'W e think you'll arrive by eight o'clock.’ expect the result of 1 ‘Slowdown. You're going to crash.' _________ 2 'Don't forget to watch the programme.’ _________ 3 questions /wanted /woman / answer / him /to / 3 'OK, you can go to the party.'_________ The 4 'You should definitely enter the talent show. • You’re a really good singer.’ _________ RUL Some verbs (ask, w an t, tell) are followed 5 'Take me to the One Direction concert - please. by an object (noun or personal1________ ) and the 2_________ form of the verb. I'll be really good. I promise. You will? Oh, thank Mum asked m e to tidy my room. y o u !'_________ 6 'I've chosen you to play in the school tennis team.' 7 'Would you like to go to the cinema?’ ............... 2 Rewrite the sentences in Exercise 1 with the verbs you matched to each one. They expected me to arrive by eight o'clock. iw u m w iM fr Look at pictures 1-4. W hat does the teacher ask SPEAKING the students to do? W rite sentences. 1 Think about these things. Make notes about 1 Canyou put the books over there please? them. 2 ______________________________________________ 1 Two things your parents allow you to do. 2 Two things your parents expect you to do. 3 _________________________________________________ 3 Two things your parents warn you not to do. 4 _________________________________________________ 2 Work in pairs. Talk about your thoughts from 3 Work in pairs. Take turns to report the sentences Exercise 1. in Exercise 2. Use tell and ask. My parents allow me to She asked him to carry her books. watch TV until 4 pm. 3 Now discuss these things with your partner. 1 Two things you expect your parents to do for you. 2 Two things you don’t expect your parents to do for you any more. 3 Two things you expect your parents to do your whole life-even if you don't want them to. Pronunciation Intonation: rude or polite? Go to page 121. 107

PH O TO STO RY: episode 6 Look at the photos and answer the questions W h y is Megan cross? W h a t are the tw o newspaper stories about? n Now read and listen to the photostory. Check your answers. LUKE What's up, Megan? You don’t look too OLIVIA It makes me so angry when I read headlines happy. like this. MEGAN I’m not. Check this out. ‘Teenagers in LUKE Don’t get too angry, guys. It’s not worth it. graffiti disgrace - Local teenagers vandalise RYAN Sorry, Luke, I don’t agree. We're talking about town centre once again.’ this journalist, what’s his name, Nigel Forsyth, OLIVIA What!? Let me see. who doesn't like teenagers. MEGAN Do you see that? ‘Once again’!! Like it OLIVIA That’s right. My dad heard him on the radio once, and he was like: Oh, teenagers, all they do is happens every day! make trouble. LUKE I'm just saying that we can’t really do anything about it, that's all. MEGAN Hmm! Citizen A WEEK LATER MEGAN One person does something stupid and MEGAN You’re not going to believe this. we’re all criminals. RYAN What now? MEGAN Nigel Forsyth’s latest story: ‘Wild RYAN I know what you mean. It's just, well, infuriating. teenagers out of control - Park buildings ruined by spray paint.’ Someone sprays a little MEGAN Nigel Forsyth! Hah! Well, that’s paint on one old wall, and this is how he tells enough! I’m going to have a word with him. the story. I’m going to make sure that he knows one OLIVIA Yeah, and it was probably just one person, thing: the young people of this town are not but he’s talking about ‘wild teenagers’, plural. wild criminals! I don’t believe it. 108

11 MAKING THE NEWS DEVELOPING SPEAKING 3 W ork in pairs. Discuss what happens next in the W ordW ise story. W rite down your ideas. Expressions with m ake We think M egan is going to write to the paper a n d complain. 1 Complete the expressions from the unit so far with a word from the list. 4 С Ш З а Watch to find out how the story continues. fun friends angry up sure difference 5 Decide if the statements are correct ( / ) or 1 The BBC m ade__________ the story about the incorrect (X). flying penguins. 1 Megan wants to turn the bad things into 2 She didn't like you making _.......... of her. good things. 3 It makes me so 4 I'm going to make__________that he knows 2 Ryan asks Megan why she never tells them anything. that most young people are not criminals. 5 Together we can make a ___________ 3 Mr Lane gives them permission to go ahead 6 Megan made__________with Nigel Forsyth. with the project. Complete the sentences with make +another 4 Megan speaks in a school assembly. word. 5 Not many kids help. 6 Megan is happy with the story about their 1 W hen you go out,____________________ that the door's locked, O K? work. 7 Nigel Forsyth is now Megan's friend. 2 Doing a lot of exercise can _____ ___ _ a __________to your health. PHRASES FOR FLUENCY 3 W hen you move to a new school, it can be 1 Find these expressions in the story. W h o says difficult t o ____________________ with people. them? How do you say them in your language? 4 It isn’t very nice t o ____________________ of 1 Check [this] out__________ other people. 2 It's not worth it__________ 3 We're talking about___________ 5 Is that story really true? O r did y o u ______ 4 He was like ...[direct speech]_________ i t __________ ? 5 I'mjust saying ... 6 have a word [with someone]_________ 6 Those newspaper stories are not accurate. They really__________m e___________ 2 Use the expressions in Exercise 1 above to complete the dialogues. 1 A Why don't you askjames to help you? FUNCTIO NS Expressing feelings: anger В James? 1_________ a guy who just does whatever he wants! 1 Complete the expressions with the words in the box. A Yes, but you never know. cross makes hate so В 2__________He never listens to anything I say. 2 A Did you talk to Alex about the match? В Yes. But3_________ : 'Noway, you can't play 1 I get _ — angry and that's that.’ 2 It_____ me really angry when A Really? That's bad. Should I 4 him? 3 I _________ it В No, it's OK, thanks. 4 It makes me really 3 A H e y , 5____________ It's a n e w m o b ile p h o n e, Make a list of the top three things that make you angry. W rite sentences using the phrases above. and it’s brilliant. I get so angry when my brother takes my things. В I really d o n ’t care. ш у ХЫДМ W ork in pairs. Tell each other about the things on your lists. A Well, you don't need to be rude. В Oh, I'm sorry. 6_________ that I’m not interested in phones. 109

PLAYING BY THE OBJECTIVES RULES fu n c t io n s : talking about permission; following and giving simple instructions g r a m m a r : be allo w ed to / let] third conditional v o c a b u l a r y : discipline; consequences and reasons шшя READING 6 Read the article again and complete the sentences. Use between one and three words. 1 Look at this list. Put a tick ( / ) if it's something you can do. Put a cross (X) if it's something 1 Ancient Greek parents had_________ to decide if you can't do. they wanted to keep their babies. stay up late at weekends 2 Unwanted babies often becam e__________ invite friends to your house 3 Unlike Greek girls, Greek boys__________. watch any T V programme you want 4 At military school Greek boys didn't often have wear any clothes you want at home wear any clothes you want to school to eat. use your mobile phone at school 5 __________awaited Aztec children who broke the rules. listen to music in your bedroom 6 Ancient Aztecs thought education___________ hang out with your friends in town 7 Aztec boys and girls__________to the same school. 8 Calmecac schools were for children from __________. 2 W h a t other things can you think of that you can or can't do at home or at school? ■ THiNK VALUES W ork with a partner. W h o has The importance of rules stricter rules in their life? 1 Read the statements a-d. Which one is: 4 Look at the pictures with the article on the next page. In what way did these children 1 a personal rule? 3 a school rule? have a hard life? 2 a family rule? 4 a rule of society? 5 iL 1>Шм Read and listen to the article. Under each picture write Creek, Aztec or both. a You're not allowed to ride bikes on the pavements, b Our parents don’t let us leave the dinner table before 110 everyone has finished. с I make sure that I tidy my room every weekend, d You can’t ask a question unless you put your hand up. W ork in pairs. Think of more rules (at least one each) for the four areas: personal, family, school, society. W h at is the punishment for breaking your rules?

■B*Hard*tirries to be a kid jB 'I'm not allowed to stay out late.' ‘Why do I have to do my homework before I can P j watch T V ?' 'My parents never let me go to parties.' 'Why is it just Mum and Dad who make the rules? Г Life's just not fair.' : D o th e s e c o m p la in ts s o u n d fam iliar? W eil, if y o u th in k У й y o u r 's h a r c */ y o u m '§ h t lik e t o t h i n k a b o u t k i d s Щ in a n c ie n t tim e s. F o r s o m e o f th e m , life w a s really h a rd . If y o u w ere b o rn in a n c ie n t G re e c e , y o u w ere n 't ev en th o u g h t to b e a real p e rso n un til y o u 'd b e e n alive fo r five d ay s. T h at's rig h t - fo r five d a y s a fte r y o u w ere b o rn , y o u r p a re n ts w ere allo w e d to g e t rid o f y o u . If th e y d e c id e d th e y d id n 't w a n t y o u , th ey 'd ju st leave | | | y o u o u tsid e so m e w h e re to die. O f c o u rse, y o u m ig h t Ш g e t lu ck y a n d s o m e o n e else m ig h t pick y o u u p , b u t th e n y o u 'd s p e n d th e re st o f y o u r life a s th e ir slave. p | H o w e v e r, if y o u r p a re n ts d e c id e d th a t th e y w a n te d *• • y o u as p a rt o f th e fam ily, th e n th e re w a s a special I' % cerem ony to w elcom e you. O n ly th e b o y s w ere allow ed to g o to school. G reek girls stay ed at h o m e , w h ere th eir m o th e rs ta u g h t th e m skills like c o o k in g a n d w ea v in g - th in g s th a t w o u ld help th e m find a h u sb an d . A t the age of seven, som e boys w ere sent aw ay to H very strict m ilitary sch o o ls, w h ere th e y w ere tau g h t у h o w to b e c o m e so ld iers. Life w as p re tty h a rd a t th e se schools. F or exam p le, th e kids w ere o ften hungry. T h e tea c h e rs d id n 't let th e m have m u c h fo o d - fo r a reason. T h ey w an ted th e b o y s to learn h o w to survive Р*.г fo r th e m s e lv e s b y ste a lin g fo o d . B u t if th e y g o t c a u g h t, they w ere punished. < A z te c c h ild re n in C e n tra l A m e ric a a lso h a d a difficu lt life in a n c ie n t tim e s. If th e y b ro k e ru le s, th e y c o u ld expect so m e pretty nasty p unishm ents. O n th e g o o d side, A z te c s reaiiy believ ed in th e im p o rta n c e o f sch o o lin g . In th e h o m e , ch ild ren learn ed p ractical skills: d a d s ta u g h t th e ir s o n s h o w to fish a n d farm w hile m o th e rs ta u g h t th eir d a u g h te rs h o m e - A m a k in g skills. G irls a n d b o y s also w e n t to sc h o o l (a lth o u g h th e ad u lts d id n 't let th e m g o to th e sa m e тЩ. s c h o o l s ] . K i d s w e n t t o s c h o o l s c a l l e d telpochcalli. T h e y h a d K : lessons a b o u t history, religion a n d m usic. T h e b o y s also jr h a d lesso n s in h o w to fight. If th e c h ild re n w ere fro m f a m o r e i m p o r t a n t f a m i l y , t h e y w e n t t o a calmecac l y w h ere th ey learned h o w to read an d w rite, to o . A t b o th sch o o ls children had to b e o n their best щ. b e h a v io u r.T h e y k n e w all a b o u t th e p u n i s h m e n t s fo r b e h a v in g b ad ly , a n d life w as h a rd e n o u g h a n y w ay . 111

GRAMMAR VOCABULARY Discipline be allow ed to I let 1 Match the phrases 1-6 with the definitions a-f. 1 Look at the example sentences. Then complete 1 to do what you’re told the rules with be allowed to and let. 2 to behave well 3 to get punished 1 I'm not allowed to stay out late. 4 to break the rules 2 M y parents never let me go to parties. 5 to get into trouble 3 For five days after you were born, your parents 6 to get told off a to be good by acting in the correct way were allowed to get rid of you. b to do something you shouldn't do 4 The teachers didn't let them have much food. c to have problems because you did something wrong RU LE To talk about permission we can use d to follow the rules that others make b e a llo w e d to and let. e to be told that what you did was wrong f to be made to do something you don’t want to W e use 1_________ when there's no need to do because you did something wrong identify who gives (or doesn't give) the permission. The subject of the sentence is the person who 2 Complete the sentences with phrases from receives (or doesn't receive) the permission. Exercise 1, above. Sometimes there is more than one possible answer. • Form this with subject +2_________ (not) +allowed 1 My sister Claire breaks all the school rules, so she to + 3__________ It is a passive construction. always gets___ _____ 2 Kenny always.......... in class. The teacher thinks W e use 4_________ when the subject of the he's perfect. sentence is (or isn't) giving the permission. 3 His Mum and Dad would be a lot happier if sometimes he__________ • Form this with subject +5_________ +[person] 4 My little brother Stan is really naughty. He's always +verb. getting 5 Julia's a rebel. She likes 2 Rewrite the sentence using the words in brackets. 6 If I don’t behave well, I usually get__________ 0 My parents don't let me go out on school nights. 3 Which of the children in Exercise 2 do you think (I /allowed) these pictures show? I'm not allowed to go oat on school nights. Which sentences are true for you? 1 I wasn’t allowed to go to the party. Compare with your partner. (My parents / let) • I always do what I'm told. • I often get told off by my parents and teachers. 2 My mum didn’t let me walk to school on my own • I’m always getting into trouble. until I was 12. (I / allowed) • I never break the rules. I think rules are important! • I think people should get punished for bad 3 W e aren’t allowed to text in class. (The teacher / let) 4 My dad lets me play his electric guitar. (I / allowed) behaviour. 5 M y sister is allowed to stay up until 11 pm on • If you behave well all the time, it’s boring! Saturday nights. (Dad / let) 3 Choose three of the activities in the list and write two true and one false sentence about yourself. • listen to loud music in my bedroom • watch T V before school • use my mobile during dinner • go to the cinema by myself • buy my own clothes • meet my friends on a school night W ork in pairs. Read out your sentences. Can your partner guess which sentence isn’t true? M y parents let me go oat That isn't trae. on a school night. 112

LISTENING 12 P L A Y I N G BY T H E R U L E S 1 Q f f i H Listen to Sam talking about a game F U N C T IO N S called rock, paper, scissors. W hich object or Following and giving simple instructions animal does each of these hand positions show? 1 Think of a simple game you like to play that The ancient game needs two or more people. Answer the questions of mushi-ken and make notes. • What do you need to play? Dice? Cards? 4 • How many players are needed to play the game? • How do the players know when it is their turn to play? • Do the players score points? If yes, how? • What are the players n o t allowed to do? 2 W ork in pairs. Describe to each other how to play the game. Before you start,... Then,... So how do you play? Finally,... First,... The first player to ... 5645*23 ■ T R A IN TO TH iN K Play rock, p a p e r, scissors 1 W h at do you think these hand positions could represent? /think number one could be water. 6 2 Follow the instructions and make a new version of rock, paper, scissors. 2 Е Н Ш Listen again and answer the questions. 1 Think of three things to do battle, e.g. water, fire 1 Which object beats the rock in the modern game and air. and why? 2 Think about how the objects defeat each other. 2 Which object is beaten by the rock in the modern • W ater defeats fire because it puts it out. game and why? • Fire defeats air because it consumes it. • Air defeats water because it dries it. 3 How old is the earliest version of this game? 4 W here was Mushi-ken played? 3 Think of a hand position for each of the things. 5 How do the animals defeat each other in 4 Explain your game to your partner and play it. Mushi-ken? 6 How often do the world championships of the modern game take place?

READ IN G 1 Read the results of a contest carried out by a fiction writing website. Match the pictures with the stories. F - I a l x J !www.FabFiction.co.uk/7fy8d73m Small is beautiful. So every week we invite our readers to send us their (very) short stories. Each story must be exactly 50 words, not a word more, not a word less - just like this introduction. (Words like ‘didn’t ’ count as one word.) And then we publish all our favourites! H ere a re th e b est from la s t w eek’s them e: B reak in g th e R u les 1 The sign clearly said ‘Don’t feed the seagulls’. 3 ‘Never, ever go into the abandoned old house at the end of the Maybe if the seagull had been able to read, road.’ That’s what all the parents told their children. One day it wouldn’t have flown down and stolen my Jack decided to find out what the mystery was all about and sandwich. Unfortunately, it couldn’t read. went into the house. Now there’s a new mystery in town: what It flew down and it stole my lunch. And that’s exactly happened to Jack? why I’m still hungry. Can I have a cheese sandwich, please? Please? 4 The big sign at the park gates said: ‘No ball games. No cycling. No skateboarding. No picnics.’ We stood and looked at it for 2 ‘If we had run, we wouldn’t have missed the a long time. ‘Let’s go in anyway,’ I said. My friend replied: ‘No train,’ she said angrily. way! No fun!’ I smiled. ‘No problem!’ I said, and then took down ‘I don’t like following your orders,’ he the sign. replied, as the 10 pm train was leaving the station. ‘We’ll get the next train.’ 5 If I hadn’t listened to my mother, I wouldn’t have got into ‘That’s no problem,’ said the guard trouble. ‘Always tell the truth,’ she said. So when Miss Green standing nearby. ‘It leaves at eight o’clock asked me why I was yawning, I told her the truth - 1thought tomorrow morning. Good night.’ the lesson was really, really boring. Now I’ve got to explain all this to the headmaster. 2 Match the stories (1-5) to the titles. 4 W hich of the stories are these people talking about? Do you W rite the numbers. There is one title agree with them? you won't need. a 'Sometimes it’s a good idea not to tell the truth.’ a W h e re can we play? b 'I would never go into a place like that.' b A long wait c 'It’s his own fault that he had to wait.’ c A question with no answer d 'W e need to find a way to keep birds away from people.’ d A game with no rules e 'It’s crazy for public places to have so many rules.’ e Birds don’t read f Trouble at school 5 Choose one o f the rules below and use it as a topic for your own 50-word short story. 3 Each o f the stories actually has 52 words. Find two words that you • No running in the school corridors. can take out in each one. (There are • Please pay for your food before you eat it. always more than two possibilities!) • No swimming in the lake. • If you’re the last person to leave the room, please turn off the lights. 114 • No talking during the examination. • Please don't come in unless you are properly dressed.

12 P L A Y I N G BY T H E R U L E S GRAMMAR VOCABULARY Third conditional Talking about consequences and reasons Read the example sentences and answer the questions. Then complete the rules. 1 Match the conversations with the pictures. W rite the numbers 1-4. If we had run, we wouldn't have missed the train. 1 Did they run? Did they miss the train? If I hadn't listened to my mother, I wouldn't have got into trouble. 2 Did he listen to his mother? Did he get into trouble? To talk about unreal situations in the past and their imagined results, we use the third conditional. • Condition clause: If +1__________ • Result clause: would (not) have + 12*34_________ participle. The condition clause can come before or after the result clause. Match the parts of the sentences. 1 A W h y d id you stop playing? В Because it started raining, Mum! 1 If I had studied harder, ___ 2 If I hadn't studied so m uch,___ 2 A So your parents are angry with you again? 3 Would she have been late for school ___ В Yes. It’s because of my bad grades at school. 4 If she hadn't got up when her alarm rang, 5 If we hadn't spent all our money, 3 A I was really hungry when I got hom e from 6 W e wouldn’t have had enough money to school. go to the cinema В That explains why th e re aren 't an y biscuits left in a I wouldn't have passed the test, the cupboard. b if she had got up when her alarm rang? 4 A I forgot to invitejim to my party. c we would have bought him a present, d the test would have been a lot easier for me. В So that's the reason he looks so upset. e if we had spent it all on food, f she wouldn't have had time for breakfast. 2 Complete the sentences with your own ideas. Put the verbs into the correct form to make third 1 A M y football team lost again yesterday. conditional sentences. В That explains why ... 0 If she h a d n 't b een ___ (not be) so rude, I 2 A I've just com e back from a tw o-w eek holiday w ou ld have h elp ed (help) her. in the US. 1 If Paul____________________ (not invite) me to his В That's why ... party, I ____________________ (be) really upset. 3 A It’s m y b est friend 's b irth d a y today. 2 If she___________________ (enter) the competition, I'm sure she____________________ (win) it. В So that’s the reason ... 4 A Is this your favourite computer game? 3 They____________________ (go) in the sea if they ____________________ (not forget) their swimsuits. В That's right. It's because o f... 4 W e ____________________(not win) the game if P r o n u n c ia tio n h e ____________________(not score) that goal. Silent consonants 4 Read the statement. Imagine a different past and Go to page 121. write as many third conditional sentences as you can. Compare your ideas with a partner. My grandparents met each other.

Strange laws around the world 1 Look at the pictures and answer the questions. 1 Each picture is about a strange law. W h a t do you think the law is for each picture? O n e person is not breaking a strange law. Can you guess which one? Read the blog and do the quiz. M ark the sentences T (true) or F (false). 1 If you steal an alligator, you can go to prison for 12 years. 2 The only place that you cannot put a sofa is in the garden. _.... 3 A woman who falls asleep under a hair dryer is breaking the law. 4 It is a crime to give the king a whale. 5 You mustn’t start your car if there are children underneath it. 6 You can't buy a light bulb yourself. G e o r g i e ’s b l o g s p o t Weird Laws The other day someone told me about a very strange law in their country, so I decided to look for more ‘weird laws’. When a country brings in a law, it makes sense at the time. Sometimes, however, the law just stays, even when the reason for it has gone. A lot of different places have laws that we might think are strange. I decided to give you a quiz. Read each law and choose which place (A, В or C) you think the law is from. H ave fun! (The an sw e rs are at the bottom , upside down.) ■I I n .. .............. , stealing an alligator is against the 4 It is illegal to ch ew gum in __________ . If you are law. If you steal one, you could end up in prison caught, you m ay have to pay a lot of m oney - and clean the streets! for as long as ten years. A Singapore В Sam o a C Switzerland A South Africa В Louisiana, U S A C Brazil 2 In _____ , if you own a sofa, you can put it 5 In _ , apparently, yo u ’re not allowed to ride anywhere you w ant - except in the garden. T hat’s a bicycle in a swimming pool. a crime! A Holland В Argentina C California, U S A A Rio, Brazil В Colorado, U S A 6 If yo u ’re walking on the beach in _ ...........__ and C Kyoto, Jap an find a dead whale, you c a n ’t keep it. You have to give it to the queen or king right away. In _ _ ........... _ , if the owner of a w o m en ’s hair salon A Thailand В Spain C Britain lets som eone fall asleep under a hair dryer, they \"7 In __________ , a law says that before you start your are breaking the law. car, you have to ch eck that there are no children asleep underneath it. (W hat if there are adults?) A Britain В Florida, U S A C France A Denmark В India C Australia 8 If you need to change a light bulb in __________ , you have to call an electrician - it’s a crime to do it yourself. A N ew York, U S A В Beijing, China C Victoria, Australia 116 08 m l 0 9 o s m v a e a s a t

12 P L AY I NG BY T H E RULES 4 Е23ЭИПИ Which of the laws do you think is the funniest? Compare with others in the class. 5 VOCABULARY There are eight words and phrases in bold in the texts. Match them with these meanings. 1 doing something that is not allowed _________ 5 arrive (in a place or situation) because o f something 2 with the top part at the bottom __________ you did __________ 3 have something that is yours __________ 4 something a person does that is not allowed by the 6 a place where criminals are put and they cannot leave government o f a c o u n t r y __________ 7 but not 8 against the law __ ________ W R ITIN G A set of rules 1 Martha wrote a set of rules for her house and her 3 Find the phrases and sentences in Martha's rules family for weekends. What does she say about: that show she isn’t 100% serious. 1 food? 5 her sister? 4 Choose one of the sets of rules to write about. 2 sleep? 6 school and teachers? Make notes about what you want to include in 3 her room? 7 TV? the rules. (You don't have to be serious, but don't 4 homework? 8 herself? be unkind!) 2 Put the words in the correct order to make • A set of rules for your family for the weekend. sentences from Martha's rules. What do the • A set of rules for your family for the school sentences tell you about how she feels about homework, her sister and football? holidays. • A set of rules for you and your family when you go 1 allowed /ask / no one / me /is / homework /about /to out together (e.g. to the cinema or to a restaurant). • A set of rules for you and your family when you go 2 all / isn’t /she /at / room /come /allowed /into / to / my somewhere on holiday together. • A set of rules fo r... anything you like! 3 watch / no one / programme / time / at / other / can / any / that 5 Write the set of rules you chose in Exercise 4. Write about 150-180 words. Give them a title. Add some drawings if you want to. Rules -for th e w eekend a t Home 1 . A fter scHool fincsHes on F rid a * , Mum a n d D *A a r e no t allowed, to talk to a,e about school or te a ch e rs. i. Between seven o'ctock on F rid a * evened a n d nine o'clock on S u n d a * e v e n » ,,, no one со ' * u » e d to ask me about Homework. (A t otHer tim es, th e * can И ф me c f trie* w a n t.) 3 . No n o ise b efo re 10 am on S a tu r d a * . S a tu r d a * Is m* morncng fo r sleefcng. 4 For b r e a k fa s t on S u n d a y I ca n e a t anything I w ant. AnjjtHcng a t a ll! И (And that includes ice-crea m !) , 5 Mu s is t e r J u lia n a us not allow ed to u s e my computer - in -fact, s h e i s n t allow ed to come into my room a t a d . (W ed, only of s h e brings ch o co late.) G. My room - I wid tid y i t la te on Su n d ay , but be-fore th en : keep out! 7 . I f th e re Is a -footbad m atch on TV with my team , no one can w atch any other programme a t t h a t tim e. 8 . And la stly - I am not allow ed to be boring about ru les 1 -7 ! MARTHA (th e b o ss!) 117

C A M BR ID G E ENGLISH: Preliminary IT rtiN K EXAMS R E A D IN G Part 1: Three-option multiple choice 1 Look at the text in each question. W h at does it say? Choose the correct letter A, В or C. Park opening hours 9 am - sunset A You can play tennis here. Dogs must be on a lead В Dogs are not allowed here. No ball games C The park closes before it gets dark. 2 Mary tells James A to phone Dave. HI James, Dove c o lle d <x y\\<L asked, If В to talk to Dave urgently. you wonted to meet up with him a t the C to meet Dave at the weekend. weekend. Please co ll Him bock when you con. Thanks, Могу A This medicine is to help you sleep. В It can be dangerous to take this medicine before Warning: T his m edicine m ay m a k e you feel sleepy. D o not doing some activities. C Take this medicine if you feel tired at work. tak e before driving a c a r or usin g m ach in es. A You have to go to the post office to get your parcel. Sonyyou weren’t there when we called. В The postman has left your parcel with your Ifyou’d been in, we'd have left the parcel. Please collect it from the post office or neighbour. arrange redelivery on our website. C You can go online to find a new delivery date. Free to a good home. We have six The puppies gorgeous Labrador puppies ready for A can be taken home now. collection in two weeks. Interested in В don’t cost anything. one or two? - Phone Jane on 0203023 C can all go to the same person. LISTENING 3 How did Lucy feel when she did the forecast? Part 2: Multiple choice A very excited В excited and a little bit worried 2 Ш Ш You will hear a girl called Lucy talking on C very nervous a T V breakfast show. For each question, choose the correct answer A, В or C. 4 W hat was the weather like in the forecast Lucy gave? 1 To enter the competition, Lucy had to A There was a variety of types of weather. В It was mainly good for most of the country. A make a video o f herself and then phone someone. C It was cold and snowy. В w rite a letter and practise reading the w eather 5 W hat job does Lucy want to do one day? forecast. A She'd like to be on TV. C explain w h y she w a n te d to w in in a le tte r an d send В She'd like to read the weather. C She wants to be a teacher. it w ith a vid e o o f herself. 2 What time did Lucy do her weather forecast? A three o'clock В four o'clock C five o'clock 118

TEST YOURSELF U N I T S 11 8c 12 VOCABULARY 1 Complete the sentences with the words in the list. There are two extra words. encouraged because because of explains fun told expected reason warned trouble funny behaved 1 I came home late and I g o t__________off by my parents. 2 W e couldn't go o u t__________it was raining. 3 I really didn't like that jo ke- it just wasn’t --------- 4 I didn't want to do music lessons, but my parents_________ me to give them a try, so I did. 5 Oh, you missed the bus. That__________why you were late. 6 I’m not surprised you feel ill. I _________ you not to leave the milk out of the fridge! 7 He has lots of problems at school, and he's always getting into----- --- 8 I was surprised when England won. I __________them to lose. 9 It rained the whole time, so the picnic really wasn’t a lot o f--------- 10 I couldn't hear our teacher__________the noise outside. GRAMMAR 2 Complete the sentences. Use the correct form of the verbs in the list. go ( x 2 ) l allow ] let | not eat (x2) 1 I __________to the concert if I’d had a ticket. 2 I wanted to go, but my dad didn't me. 3 You would have been OK if you_________ a second hamburger. 4 W hen I was little, I wasn't to watch T V after eight o’clock. 5 If I’d known it was fish, I it. 6 If everyone to the party, we’d have had a lot more fun. 3 Find and correct the mistake in each sentence. 1 They said me to stay in the house. 2 Why didn't they let me to go home? 3 They wanted me answer some questions. 4 I reminded him to giving me back my book. 5 If I would have known, I wouldn’t have told anyone. 6 W e hadn’t won the game if Graham hadn't played. FU NCTIO NAL LANGUAGE 4 W rite the missing words. 1 A I don’t understand. Why won't you me read my book? В _________ it’s nearly midnight, and you have to go to sleep! 2 A It __ ______me really angry when people don’t tell the truth. В I see. So that explains_________you were cross with Jim. m 3 A W e aren't_________ to take our mobile phones into class. В Oh. So that’s the_________ why you didn’t phone me. 4 A I _________ it when people shout at me. It’s horrible! В Well, I wouldn't ____ _____ shouted if you had listened MY SCORE to me the first time!

UNIT 1 2 Say the words ending in the short /э/ sound. Intonation and sentence stress 3 Г З И С Т Listen and repeat the dialogue. 1 L Ш Л И Read and listen to the dialogue. HENRY I know ... let's learn to su rf! UNIT 4 LUCY That's a g re a t idea! The short /л/ vowel sound HENRY Do you th in k so? LUCY O f course! We'll need lessons. 1 i- i> iM i Read and listen to the poem. HENRY I’ll phone the s u r f sh o p ! LUCY It’ll be fun... we should definitely do it! My little cousin from London's coming on Monday. She's young and lovely - and very funny. 2 Which words show that Lucy likes Henry's idea? She loves the sun and running and jumping. She doesn’t like studying or spending money. 3 Е З И О Listen and repeat the dialogue. 2 Say the words with the /л/ vowel sound in blue. UNIT 2 3 Ш Е Л Listen and repeat the poem. W ord stress UNIT 5 1 С Ш 1 Ы Read and listen to the dialogue. been: strong /bi:n/ and weak /bin/ SARAH Jack, I can’t b e lie v e it! Do you re c o g n is e that 1E Read and listen to the dialogue. man over there? JILL Where have you b ee n ? The party's already started. JA C K I suppose it could be someone we know... PETE Shh! I’ve b e e n hiding in the kitchen. SARAH How could you forget? Think, lack! JILL We've been looking for you everywhere. We JA C K Oh, yeah! Now I remember! He’s on that TV want to play a game. quiz show. PETE Well, I’ve b e e n trying to find a bin to put this SARAH That’s right. It’s called, 'Concentrate'. I wonder sandwich in. It's horrible! what he's doing here? 2 Say the strong and weak forms of been, /Ы:п/ and 2 How many syllables do the blue / red / green /bin/. W h at other word sounds like /bin/? words have? Say these verbs, and stress the correct syllable. 3 п н я Listen and repeat the dialogue. 3 m ue Listen and repeat the dialogue. UNIT 3 UNIT 6 W ords ending in /э/ /f/, /v/ and / Ы consonant sounds 1 c. Read and listen to the dialogue. 1 C M W I Read and listen to the advertisement. JO E Why don’t we go to the cinema? W e can see Visit the beautiful village of Victoria! TESS The Monster in the Computer. Tammy Baker The village is surrounded by forests and farms. JO E plays the monster. There's a fantastic river for fishing. TESS You can buy souvenirs and see very old buildings. Well... there’s also River Adventure. Tom There are buses to the beach from Monday to Friday. Webster's a doctor in it. You’ll never forget your visit to Victoria! I know he’s a better actor than Tammy Baker 2 Say the words with the Д/, /v/ and /Ь/ sounds. but River Adventure is a lot longer. If we see the shorter film we can have dinner after. 3 Е В Ш И Listen and repeat the sentences. Okay; it looks much funnier, too. And let's go to the Super Burger for dinner!

U N IT 7 PRONUNCIATION Intonation of question tags С>>»жп3 Listen and repeat the dialogue. 1M Read and listen to the dialogue. U N IT 10 / t j / and /J/ consonant sounds SAM You do want to come, don't you? M A X I’m not sure,jane's got those big dogs, hasn't she? 1 С Ш Read and listen to the dialogue. SAM Yes, they’re enormous! But they're very friendly. M AX Well I don’t like dogs, do I? PAT Welcome to the show. We're in the kitchen SAM You're not afraid, are you? today with our chef, Mitchell. M A X O f course not! MITCH Hello. In this demonstration I’m making a special Russian dish. 2 Look at the blue question tags. Circle, the PAT Watch carefully as our Chef Mitchell makes correct words in each sentence. the dish you see in this picture. Sam kn ow s / d o e sn 't k n o w the answer to his questions. MITCH Patricia, please put the oven at the right His voice goes u p /d ow n . temperature while I chop the cherries... now we add the sugar - but you shouldn’t use too Now look at the red question tags. Circle the much! And now it's ready to bake. correct words in each sentence. PAT And here’s a finished one! It tastes delicious! Max kn o w s /d o e sn 't k n o w the answer to his questions. His voice goes up /d o w n . 2 Say the words with the /j/ and /tj/ sounds. 3 CT w m Listen and repeat the dialogue. 3 C M Listen and repeat the dialogue. U N IT 8 U N IT 11 The /ju:/ sound Intonation: rude or polite? 1 С Ш Read and listen to the dialogue. 1 c '» » :• ! Read and listen to the dialogue. TEACHER Hello Stewart! How are you? You used to CLERK Could you put that bag down over there, STEWART be one of my best students! please. TEACHER STEWART Hello, Mrsjones. I'm studying music and M R Y O U N G Excuse me. Could you repeat that? computing at university now. CLERK Yes, could you put that bag down over Music and computing! Isn’t that an unusual there! combination? MR YOUNG I mean, could you repeat that p o lite ly ? Not really. In the future I’d like to write music programs for computers. It's really CLERK I'm terribly sorry. Could you put that bag new technology and very exciting. down over there, please. 2 Say the words with t h e /ju:/sound. 2 Which sentences sound rude? W hich polite? 3 t t> **M Listen and repeat the dialogue. 3 E W M Listen and repeat the dialogue. U N IT 9 U N IT 12 / t j / and /с!з/ consonant sounds Silent consonants 1£ Read and listen to the dialogue. 1L Read and listen to the dialogue. CHARLIE If I could be anything, I’d choose to be a GUARD 1 Shh! Listen! Someone’s talking in the next journalist. What about you, Jane? room. JA N E Journalism's a very dangerous job, Charlie. GUARD 2 Yes, and at this hour the castle should be I’m going to be a chess player. empty. CHARLIE You’ve changed your mind! You wanted to GUARD 1 W e should investigate. Or, erm, should we be a Geography teacher. write a report? JA N E Yes. I’ve just joined a chess club. My coach GUARD 2 I can’t answer that. All I know is that we thinks I’ve got a good chance of becoming a mustn't stay here another minute! champion. 2 Say the words with the silent consonants in blue. 2 Say the words with the /tj/ and /d^/ sounds. 3 [Щ Listen and repeat the dialogue.

U N IT 1 Make new sentences in the perfect tense using Present perfect vs. past simple the information given. 0 I started playing the guitar when I was sixyears old. Learners often use the present perfect when the past simple is required. I still play the guitar now. I've played the g u ita r since I w as six y ea rs old. W e use the past simple to talk about events 1 We were friends when we were ten. We are still which have taken place at a specific time. W e friends now. use the present perfect to talk about events where the time is not specified. 2 I saw her when I was five. I did not see her after that. / /went on holiday with my family lastyear. X /have been on holiday with my family lastyear. 3 I started working in the newsagent’s two years ago. I work there now. W rite positive answers to the following questions using the words given in the correct tense. 4 You moved to Madrid six months ago. 0 Have you started your newjob? (last weekend) 5 My family travelled abroad in 2010. They did not Yes, I have. I s ta rted my viewjo b last w eekend. travel abroad after that. 1 Have you seen the latest episode? (yesterday) 6 Have you earned any money recently? (over £100 2 Have you been to France before? (two times) last week) 3 Have you visited your grandparents recently? (a few days ago) 4 Have you seenJohn? (five minutes ago) UNIT 3 Comparatives and than 5 Have you changed your phone? (for a better one) Learners often use the wrong forms of 6 Have you earned any money recently? (over £100 adjectives, trying to use m ore where it is not last week) possible, especially with big g er and cheaper. U N IT 2 For adjectives with one syllable, we add -er for Present perfect with fo r or since the comparative. / in tenyears' time my town will be bigger than now. Learners often use the present simple with for X In tenyears' time my town will be more big than now. or since when the present perfect is required. W e use the present perfect tense with both for For adjectives with two syllables ending in -y, and since referring to an earlier time which is we make the comparative by adding -ier. still relevant now. / /find English easier than French. / I have known him for three months. X /find English more easy than French. X /know him for three months. Learners sometimes use that instead of than. / Sports clubs are much better than the gym. X Sports clubs are much better that the gym. 122

G ET IT RIGHT! Correct the following sentences. 4 On this diet, you must eat healthy food, and you 1 I am much more happy than before. won't I shouldn't drink fizzy drinks. 2 If you go to Europe, the weather will be better in 5 I'll //should meet you there if you like. July that in February. 6 Will /Should we study everything for the test or 3 Which is more old, soccer or rugby? just this unit? 4 The beaches are cleaner in the countryside that in U N IT 5 the city. Present simple or present continuous vs. present perfect continuous 5 It will make you fitter and more healthy. Learners sometimes use the present simple U N IT 4 or the present continuous when the present Any vs. - (no article) perfect continuous is required. Learners often miss out any where it is needed W e use the present perfect continuous to talk in questions and negative statements. about how long we have been doing something. / Do you have any questions? Ifso, please visit me in W e often use it with fo r and since and a time period. my office. / /have been living in this house for three years. X Do you have questions? If so, please visit me in X /live in this house for three years. / /am living in this house for three years. my office. Correct the following sentences. (Circle the correct answer, any or - (no article). 1 I try to do that for ages, but I can't manage it. 1 In the countryside there aren’t any I - discos. 2 I didn’t take any I - notice of it and deleted it again. 2 How long is Michael learning English? 3 I have been doing any/ - homework. 4 W e need any I - time to work on this. 3 I have always been going to work by train, because 5 I have been here for four months and I can’t live I live far away. here any I - longer. 4 His friends laugh every time he is telling that joke - 6 Do you have any /- money I can borrow? I don’t know why. w ill vs. sh o u ld 5 I need to fill in your address - where have you been living? Learners sometimes use will instead o f should. 6 Since last Wednesday I go to karate lessons. W e use should to give advice to someone, or to mean that something is supposed to happen. / In my opinion, the subjectyou should talk about is the environment. X In my opinion, the subjectyou wM talk about is the environment. Circle) the correct answer. 1 In my opinion, you will / should not move schools. 2 If you like the seaside, you will /should go to the south coast. 3 If we do it that way, it will /should be a disaster. 123

U N IT 6 Question tags Future with w ill Learners sometimes use the wrong verb in the Learners sometimes use the present simple tag question. tense when the future tense is required. W e form question tags by using the same verb / We will m eet at 9 p.m. tomorrow. if the verb is an auxiliary (be, have) or modal X We meet at 9 p.m. tomorrow. verb (can, will, would, etc.), but we use d o with all other verbs. Correct the following sentences. W e use a pronoun which agrees with the 1 W e normally will go there every Wednesday. subject of the verb, and we keep the tense the same. 2 I think I will know what you mean. / He played the whole game, didn't he? X He played the whole game, isn't it? 3 So I see you on the 15th. Correct the following question tags. 4 I'm sure you want to go there when you see these 0 This is a good idea, doesn't it? pictures. This is a g o o d idea, isn't it?_________________ 5 When I will get home, I'll send you a text. 1 He is working on his project, doesn't he? 6 Who wins the next football match? 2 W e have always wanted to travel, don't we? U N IT 7 3 That doesn't sound very interesting, is it? Future forms and time phrases 4 You don't finish work at 6 p.m., are you? Learners sometimes use the wrong word order with time phrases. 5 It would probably be too far to walk there, isn't it? W e put the time phrase after the verbs and object phrases. 6 He's driving much too fast on these wet roads, •/ I hope you will come with m e next year. doesn't he? X /hope you will come nextyear with me. U N IT 8 Correct the following sentences. used to vs. u su a lly 1 He will look this week at my project. Learners sometimes confuse u sed to with 2 I can't straight away help you, but I will as soon as usually. I can. W e use u sed to to indicate an action that was happening regularly in the past but not 3 I'll do immediately what you've suggested. now, while usually means any action that has happened or is happening regularly. 4 Will you by Friday have it finished? / When I have some spare time, I usually go running 5 I will talk now to him. in the park. X When I have some spare time, I used to go running 6 I bet he won't next time do it like that. in the park. 124

G ET IT RIGHT! Complete the sentences with u sed to or usually. U N IT 9 0 W hen I was younger, I u s e d to go skiing with my Present simple passive vs. past simple passive family. 1 If I have time, I __________play computer games in Learners sometimes confuse the present simple passive with the past simple passive. the evening. 2 W hen I was younger I _________ listen to pop W e use the past simple passive to refer to events which took place in the past. music all the time. / /was really surprised when I first read the email. 3 They__________hang out every Saturday night so X /am really surprised when I first read the email. that's when I see them. W e use the present simple passive for events 4 W e ...............buy clothes twice a year, but now which have started and are still going on now. / W ell go to Paris in two weeks - the tickets that we have extra money we go shopping more are booked. often. X W ell go to Paris in two weeks - the tickets 5 Now that I go to the tennis club, I ___ ______ get were booked. home late. 6 I ............go on camping holidays, but that was Correct the following sentences. a long time ago. 1 I always keep shopping until the mall was closed. Second conditional tenses 2 I am born in Britain and have lived here since then. Learners sometimes use the wrong tenses in the clauses of the second conditional. 3 I'm proud that my town is chosen as City of Culture. W e form the second conditional by using the past simple tense in the //\"clause, and the would 4 The hotel was located in front of the beach, so that form in the main clause. will be very convenient. / If I knew what to do, I would do it. X If I would know-what to do, I would do it. 5 Ten minutes later my tent is flooded and I had to leave it because everything was wet. Correct the following sentences. 1 If you answered my email I will be very pleased. 6 I am given a puppy for my last birthday. 2 It would be fantastic if you would come to visit me. U N IT 10 Past perfect vs. past simple 3 If I find your mobile, I would bring it on Monday Learners often confuse the past perfect with 4 I am very grateful if you could meet me at 11 on the past simple. Sunday. W e use the past perfect tense to refer to events 5 If I broke this vase, my parents will be angry. which happened at an earlier point in the past, compared with another past event. W e use 6 I will love it if you could visit me in the holidays. the past simple for an event which occurred generally in the past. / By the time I got there, he had left. X By the time I got there, he left:

Rewrite the sentences using the correct form of 4 I want to say you about this great new □ the verb in brackets. 0 The trip was awesome because I (dream) about it computer game. all my life. 5 I don't know who I can say about this problem. The trip w as aw esom e because I h a d dream ed a b o u t it a ll m y life.______________________________ 6 She asked me to talk about me and my life. □ 1 Our PE teacher taught us the rules of tennis and we (start) to play. 7 Did you say her on what day and at what □ 1 2 I (come) home from school when it happened. time she has to be here? 3 I didn't give the teacher my homework yesterday 8 The customer has made a complaint - he because I (leave) my bag at home. tells that his order hasn't arrived yet. 4 W hen we had finished eating and drinking we (go) U N IT 12 for a walk in the town centre. le t vs. m ake 5 Do you like these jeans? I (buy) them yesterday. Learners often confuse when to use let and when to use m ake. 6 The letter was from Brown University - they (accept) me! W e use let to indicate that someone is allowed to do something. U N IT 11 / She let them have as much ice cream as they sa y vs. te ll wanted. Learners often confuse sa y and tell when X She made them have as much ice cream as they reporting speech. wanted. W e tell someone (something). W e use m a k e to indicate that something or / /told her 1was coming to Italy. someone is the cause of something. / The sweet song m a d e us all cry. X /setId her 1was coming to Italy. X The sweet song let us all cry. W e say something (to someone). Circle the correct answer. / /said 1would go this Summer. 1 You can go ahead - I won't let /make you wait /X told 1would go this Summer. for me. W rite a cross (X) next to the incorrect sentences. 2 Let I Make me ask you something - do you have Then write the correct sentences. any plans for Saturday? 0 He said me to wait, so 1did. И 3 Could you let /make her know I'll be late? He told m e to wait, so 1did. 4 That document really lets /makes you think about 1 M y parents told that you can come along. □ the problems caused by pollution. 5 They can’t let /make us stay late if we don't want to. 6 If you help me tidy the house and prepare the food, I'll let I make you invite your friends to the party, too. i!_112 She told me to order her a pepperoni pizza. 3 As they told, it is a very big sports centre n with a lot of facilities. 126

U N I T 1, P A G E 19 Student A 1 You've got an idea of how to raise money for a charity in India: Students can pay £1 and not wear their school uniform one day next week. But is it really a good idea? You're not too sure. Tell Student В your idea and see what they think. 2 Student В wants to tell you about an idea for a new school club. Listen to the idea and encourage them to do it. Offer help and maybe some ideas of your own. U N IT 5, P A G E 55 Student A 1 You're a bit upset. There's a party at the weekend, but your mum says you can't go. Talk to your friend about the problem. 2 Your friend looks a bit upset. Find out what the problem is and see if you can help. Why don'tyou ... You could ... Can't you ... ? U N I T 9, P A G E 91 Student A 1 You and some friends are going to the cinema. See if Student В wants to come. 2 Student В invites you to do something with a group of friends. You want to do it. 127

U N I T 1, P A G E 19 Student В 1 Student A wants to tell you about an idea to raise money for a charity in India. Listen to the idea and encourage them to do it. Offer help and maybe some ideas of your own. 2 You've got an idea for a new school club: a cooking club that helps students learn how to cook healthy food. But is it really a good idea? You're not too sure. Tell Student В your idea and see what they think. U N IT 5, P A G E 55 ■............... ........................... ■...................... ............1 Student В 1 Your friend looks a bit upset. Find out what the problem is and see if you can help. Why don't you ... You could ... Can't you ... ? 2 You're a bit upset. It's your mum's birthday tomorrow and you haven’t got any money to buy her a present. Talk to your friend about the problem. U N I T 9, P A G E 91 Student В 1 Student A invites you to do something with a group of friends. You can't do it. Say why you can’t. 2 You and some friends are going for a long walk. See if Student A wants to come. 128

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W hether inside or outside the classroom, T H iN K goes beyond building strong language skills to developing the whole learner - with an emphasis on critical thinking, values and self-esteem - ensuring academic and lifelong success. Course components • Presentation Plus DVD: interactive P I CU NaIVmE RbSIrT Yi dPRgESeS whiteboard software with teaching www.cambridge.org •Student's Book resources & Learning Management •Student's Book with Online System access ISBN 9 7 8 -1 -1 0 7 -5 0 9 1 5 -3 Workbook and Online Practice •Digital ebooks 9 781107 509153 > •W orkbook with Online Practice •Teacher's Book Split combo editions are also available. •Class Audio CDs •Video DVD