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are getting more and more popular by the day and it is a great travel destination for those who love to experience culture and taste local food. Speaking of food, we have a brand new section that will introduce local specialty food from various states that are sold in Klang Valley. This section is a must-read for those who just love Malaysian food. It would be great if any Publisher’s Note of you are willing to share your food hunting adventures with us by dropping us an email at Hello there to all readers and travellers of Klang [email protected]. Valley 4 Locals, as a gratitude to your continuous support we dedicated a small section on Cycling This edition of Klang Valley 4 Locals will have Trail for cycling enthusiasts who also happen to a very strong perspective of a local born be avid travellers. Malaysian who has been staying in the Klang Valley for many years. Have fun reading the This new section will bring you around rural articles and indulge in the nostalgic memories village areas where you can enjoy the more laid back kampung lifestyle. We helped you to of your childhood! arrange routes that will enable you to travel and cycle in a beautiful setting. However, please Publisher be very careful while cycling on trunk roads as vehicles can pose a threat to the safety of -Lyndon Yap- cyclers. Another section I would like to reintroduce to our readers is the accommodation section where there is a list of Homestay venues. Homestays Publisher Lyndon Yap [email protected] Group Chief Operating Offi cer Annie Goh [email protected] Head of Media & Traffi c Elaine Liau [email protected] Asst. Manager-Media Sales Nor Athira Abdullah [email protected] of this publication may be made without written permission. No contents of this publication may be re-produced, copied Sr. Business Exec.-Media Sales or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the Nawal Shakirah Shazi Shaarani [email protected] prior written permission of the publisher. Any person involved in unauthorized acts in relation to this publication Head of Finance & Administration Department may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for Parathi d/o Muniandy damages. While every effort has been made to ensure the [email protected] accuracy of all the information, the publisher can accept no responsibility for any errors or omissions. Writer Jacky Loh For all enquiries related to advertising please contact us at [email protected] [email protected] Mersita Sheila Wasli [email protected] Printer: Designer BHS Book Printing Sdn Bhd (95134K) Abdullah Syakir (Wholly owned by BHS Industries Berhad) [email protected] Lot 17-22 & 17-23, Jalan Satu, Bersatu Industrial Park, Published by: Cheras Jaya,43200 Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. Bluedale Publishing (M) Sdn. Bhd. KDN No. PQ780/904 No. 31-2, Block F2, Level 2 Jalan PJU 1/42A, Dataran Prima 47301 Petaling Jaya, Selangor D. E. (6)03-7886 9219 (6)03-7887 8212 [email protected] www.kazakhstantheguide.com F Find us on Facebookind us on Facebook www.facebook.com/klangvalley4Locals & Follow us at Twitter (@KV4Locals) © Bluedale Publishing (M) Sdn. Bhd. KDN PERMIT # PP15841/04/2013(032086) All rights reserved. No re-production, copy or transmission kztg1.indd 4 1/13/2016 10:29:50 AM

Content Page Entertainment & Sports 111 Introduction Nature & History 112-115 Foreword by Ambassador of Eating Out 116-117 Kazakhstan 3 Accommodation 118-119 Map of Kazakhstan 4-5 Brief History of Kazakhstan 6-7 General Information Getting Started 8 Almaty Metro 120 General Information 9 Transportation 121-122 General Calendar 10-11 Useful Websites 123 The Culture 12-14 Foreign Embassies 124-126 Climate 15 Representative Offices 127 Tertiary Education 16-18 Airlines in Kazakhstan 128 Economy 20 Agriculture 21-22 Highlights Ulytau Mountains 24 Altyn Emel National Park 25-27 Charyn Canyon 28 Travel Tips 29-30 Astana Introduction 31 Map of Astana 32-33 13 Landmarks 34 73 Modern Architecture 35-36 Places of Worship 37-39 Monuments & Memorials 40-41 Culture & Museum 42-47 Nature 48 Sports/ Stadium 49 67 Shopping 50-52 Entertainment 53-55 Eating Out 56-58 Accommodation 59-61 Almaty Introduction 62 128 Landmarks 63 Map of Almaty 64-65 Places of Worship 66-67 Monuments, Memorials & Parks 68-70 Culture, Arts & History 71-78 Recreation & Entertainment 79-83 Nature 84-86 Sports/ Stadiums 87 Shopping 88-91 Eating Out 92-94 Accommodation 95-97 Karagandy Introduction 98 Landmarks 99 Map of Karagandy 100-101 Places of Worship 102 Monuments, Memorials & Parks 103-106 Culture & Museum 107-110 kztg1.indd 5 1/13/2016 10:29:55 AM

Useful Phrases Greetings Hello! Salemetsіz be Good morning! INTRODUCTION Good evening! Rahmet, jaqsi! Qayirli tang! Good day! Qayirli kun! Qayirli kesh! Salem! Hi! How are you doing? Halingiz qalay? Fine, thanks. How are you? Dengsawlighingiz qalay? Thank you, good. Rahmet, jaman emes! Meetings Let me introduce myself. Tanisip qoyayiq I want you to meet (name). Sіzdі (name).-men tanistirayin dep edіm I am pleased to meet you. Ote qyanishtimin. My name is ... Menіn esіmіm... Partings Goodbye! Say boliniz! Bye! Say bol! See you! Kezdeskenshe! See you tomorrow! Erteng kezdeskenshe! It’s a pity you are leaving. Ketetіnіz qanday okіnіshіtі. I have to go! Menіn ketyіm kerek! Questions Can you help me? Magan komektese alasiz ba? Could I talk to (name).? Men (name).-men soylese alamin ba? How do I get to ... ? …qay jetyge boladi? Where can I find ...? …qay jerden tabyga bolad? What’s up? Ne boldi? I’m looking for ... Men... іzdep jurmіn. How much? Qansha turadi? What time is it now? Sagat neshe? Excuse me Keshіrіnіz... May I ask you? Sіzden suraygha bola ma? Could you give me a minute? Maghan bіr minyt waqitingizdi bolmeysіz be? Common Words Yes Ia That’s true Duris I’m sure Men bughan senіmdіmіn Good Jaraydi Certainly Tusіnіktі Of course Arine No Joq I am against it Men qarsimin I don’t know Bіlmeymіn Thank you Rahmet I am very grateful Sіzge o’te ri’’zami’n 6 kztg1.indd 6 1/13/2016 10:29:55 AM

Introduction Foreword from Ambassador of foreign investments to flow into Kazakhstan To Malaysia the country. The development of our abundant oil and gas reserves, Kazakhstan is the world’s ninth- especially in the northern and biggest country and also the most western regions, has steadily economically advanced of all the brought in large amounts of wealth, countries using the suffix ‘-stan’. which in turn are channeled towards INTRODUCTION This is due to its abundant reserves developing the country further. of oil and also most other valuable Currently, we are labeled as a minerals. Our healthy economy middle-income developing country naturally contributes to better and is classified with a high human standards of accommodations, development index. We are looking restaurants and transportation to expand the progress of our vast within the Central Asia region, energy resources and exporting making travelling a more convenient them to world markets. In line with and comfortable affair. this vision, we are currently building an oil pipeline that connects to Our biggest city, Almaty, loosely China. But depending on one source resembles the European form as the sole supply of wealth is never with leafy avenues, chic cafes, a wise choice. Hence, we are aiming glossy shopping centres and a to achieve a sustainable economic vibrant nightlife scene. Our capital growth outside of our oil, gas and Astana, located on the windswept mining sectors while at the same northern steppes, infuses modern time strengthening our relations with and futuristic features into our surrounding states and also other architectures, creating a huge foreign powers. showpiece that displays the bold visions of a 21st-century city. But Our constant flux between the what we have to offer isn’t just historical and the modern indeed confined to our sprawling cities. makes us an interesting visit. While Beyond all the trappings of a city we keep on developing our country lie the greatest outdoor adventures towards the future, we also make the you can possibly imagine. Be it same efforts to preserve our culture, hiking through the high mountains identity and values of what define and green valleys of Tian Shan, Kazakhstan. A visit to Kazakhstan searching for wildlife on the lake- is a peek into the kaleidoscope dotted steppes, or trekking across of human development and this the western deserts to remote kaleidoscope we pass to you in underground mosques, we have a complete package so that your everything an outdoors aficionado travels here will be enjoyable and could possibly wish for. Couple this forever memorable. with our home-spun hospitality in the numerous village guesthouses, you are definitely in for a treat from the best Nature has to offer. Since our independence in 1991, we have opened our doors to allow 7 kztg1.indd 7 1/13/2016 10:29:55 AM

History HISTORY The Brief History of Kazakhstan Kazakhstan was settled by humans Babur, who then went on to found the tens of thousands of years ago. The Mughal Empire in India. By the early area was dominated by a variety 17th century, Kazakhstan frequently of nomadic tribes during this time found itself as war with the powerful span. A look at the DNA evidence Khanate of Bukhara in the south. The suggests that horses may actually two khanates warred over control of have first been domesticated in this Samarkand and Tashkent, the two region. Apples are also evolved here, major cities along the Silk Road in from which they were then spread to Central Asia. other areas by human cultivators. Come mid-18th century and the During the historical times, people Kazakhs faced encroachment from such as the Xiongnu, the Xianbei, Tsarist Russia to the north and the the Kyrgyz, the Gokturk, the Uyghur Qing China in the east. To fend off and also the Karluks, have ruled the threatening Kokand Khanate, the steppes of the country. In 1206, the Kazakhs accepted Russian ‘aid’ the Mongols under the leadership in 1822. The Russians ruled through of Genghis Khan conquered and puppets until the passing of Kenesary ruled over Kazakhstan until 1368. Khan in 1847, and then exerted direct The Kazakh people were eventually power over Kazakhstan. united under the leadership of Janybek Khan and Kerey Khan in The country resisted its colonization 1465, creating a new breed of people. by the Russians. Between 1836 to They exerted their power over the 1838, the Kazakhs rose up under area, naming themselves the Kazakh the leadership of Makhambet Khanate. Utemisuly and Isatay Taymanuly, but were unable to overthrow Russian This Kazakh Khanate persisted domination. An even more serious until 1847. During the early 16th attempt led by Eset Kotibaruli turned century, the people of Kazakh had into an anti-colonial war that would the foresight to ally themselves with last from 1847, when the Russians 8 kztg1.indd 8 1/13/2016 10:29:56 AM

History imposed direct control, through became a (non-autonomous) Soviet 1858. Groups of nomadic Kazakh republic in 1936. warriors fought running skirmishes During World War II, the Soviets with the Russian Cossacks, as well used Kazakhstan as a dumping as with other Kazakhs allied with ground for potentially subversive HISTORY Tsar forces. This war took hundreds minorities such as Germans from of Kazakh lives, civilians as well as the Western edge of Soviet Russia, warriors but Russia did make some Crimean Tatars, Muslims from the concessions to Kazakh demands in Caucasus and Poles. As they tried 1858 for peace settlement. to fee all these new-comers, the already dwindling food supplies of By the 1890s, the government of the Kazakhs were stretched again. Russia began to settle thousands Almost half of these deportees of their own farmers onto Kazakh eventually died of starvation or land, and as a result, breaking up disease. the pasture and interfered with traditional nomadic patterns of life. After the World War II, the country Come 1912 and there were more than became the least-neglected among 500,000 Russia owned farms dotting Central Asian Soviet Republics. Kazakh lands and displacing the Ethnic Russians flooded the nomads, causing mass starvation. country to work in industry, and In 1916, Tsar Nicholas II ordered Kazakhstan’s coal mines helped in the conscription of all Kazakh and supplying energy to all of USSR. The also other Central Asian men to Russians also built one of their major join the fi ght in World War I. This space program sites, the Baikonur conscription sparked the Central Cosmodrome, in Kazakhstan. Asian Revolt which saw thousands of Kazakhs and other Central Asians During 1989, an ethnic-Kazakh being killed, and tens of thousands politician by the name Nursultan fled to Western China or Mongolia Nazarbayev became the General for refuge. Secretary of the Communist Party of Kazakhstan, replacing an ethnic- Amidst the chaos following the Russian. On December 16, 1991, the Communist takeover of Russia Republic of Kazakhstan declared in 1917, the Kazakhs took the its independence from the rubble of opportunity to claim their Soviet Union. Today, the Republic of independence and established Kazakhstan has a budding economy the short-lived Alash Orda, an thanks to its huge reserves of fossil autonomous government. But the fuels. Soviets were able to retake control of Kazakhstan in 1920. Five years later, they set up the Kazakh Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (Kazakh SSR), with the capital at Almaty. It 9 kztg1.indd 9 1/13/2016 10:29:56 AM

Getting Started 1. Copy of the first two pages of Travel Season: their passport, a valid passport (or international travel document), GETTING STARTED the right preparation and logistics, 2. a copy of their Kazakhstan visa Although it is alright to travel to Kazakhstan any time of year with support (invitation letter) with a travellers should keep in mind notification of their visa support that Kazakhstan has hot summers number by the DCS of the MFA (or the and very cold winters. The most original individual invitation issued comfortable months to travel are by the Police), from May to September, though July, August and September are best for trekking in the south-eastern and 3. the completed visa application form (pdf) and eastern mountains. 4. 1 passport-size photo; Visa Requirements: In general, all foreign nationals are 5. Fee, payable on collection of visa required to have business or tourist visas to enter Kazakhstan. To obtain 6. For 5 days transit visas, the visa of a Kazakhstan visa, foreign citizens the destination country and onward should apply to a Kazakhstan ticket (or a reservation) is required. diplomatic/consular institution in their country of residence. 7. Hotel booking confirmation 8. International flight booking confirmation Documents required for visa: 10 kztg1.indd 10 1/13/2016 10:29:57 AM

Introduction INTRODUCTION The passport should not expire Spain, Portugal, Singapore, the earlier than six months after the USA, Switzerland, Sweden, Finland, validity term of the requested visa. France, the Republic of Korea. Other necessary documents will be Citizens of the following countries determined by the consul at the time do not need entry Kazakhstan of application. visa to visit Kazakhstan: Armenia, Visas are issued within 7 calendar Azerbaijan, Byelorussia, Georgia, days from the day of presenting all Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Mongolia, documents. Documents are accepted Russian Federation, Tajikistan, with a visa support letter from the Turkey, Uzbekistan and Ukraine. Diplomatic-consular service of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan. In order to get single entry official, private, tourist or business visa to Kazakhstan, nationals of the following countries do not need letter of invitation (Kazakhstan visa support): Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Great Britain, Greece, Denmark, Italy, Ireland, Iceland, Germany, Japan, Liechtenstein, Luxemburg, Malaysia, Monaco, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, 11 kztg1.indd 11 1/13/2016 10:29:57 AM

General Info GENERAL INFO General Information Official name: Republic of Agency, Organisation of Islamic Kazakhstan Cooperation Demonym: Kazakhstani Declared independence: 16th Capital: Astana (previously known as December 1991 Akmola) Finalised independence: 25th Government: Presidential republic December 1991 President: Nursultan Nazarbayez Population: 17,948,816 (July 2014 Prime Minister: Karim Massimov estimate) Official languages: Kazakh, Russian Area: 2,724,900 km2 (9th largest in (official in public institutions) the world) Ethnic groups: Kazakh (63.6%), Administrative divisions: Almaty, Russian (23.3%), Uzbek (2.9%), East Kazakhstan, Pavlodar, Akmola, Ukrainian (2%), Uyghur (1.4%), Tatar North Kazakhstan, Kostanay, (1.2%), German (1.1%), others (4.5%) Aktobe, West Kazakhstan, Atyrau, Mangystau, Kyzylorda, South Currency: Tenge (KZT) Kazakhstan, Zhambyl, Karagandy. Calling Code: +7-6xx, +7-7xx Climate: Continental Time difference: UTC +5 (West)/ UTC Terrain: vast flat steppe extending +6 (East) from the Volga in the west to the Altai Drives on the: Right Mountains in the east, and from the plains of western Siberia in the north Electricity: 220V–240V, 50Hz, type C to oases and deserts of Central Asia or type F power sockets in the south International organization participation: United Nations, Commonwealth of Independent States, International Atomic Energy 12 kztg1.indd 12 1/13/2016 10:29:58 AM

General Calendar New Year’s Day – 1st January The most favourite holiday for the Father Frost comes in New Year Kazakhstanis. Their celebration and presents children with gifts of the New Year traditionally brought in a bag behind his begins from the night of 31st back. He is often represented in December. During this time, cities a dark-blue, silver or red fur coat and villages will host open-air embroidered with ornaments merrymakings and the coming- wearing a cap (not a hood) on his GENERAL CALENDAR in of New Year is ushered with head with a long white beard and salute. One can meet Father Frost a stick in his hand. He moves by and Snow Maiden in the streets. a three-horsed sledge or goes on The Kazakh call Father Frost foot. as Ayaz Ata which is literally translated as “Father Frost”. One of the main attributes of New Year worldwide is a festive New Father Frost is a fairy personage Year tree. In many countries it of Slavonic folklore. He is decorated for Christmas day impersonates winter frosts in and called a Christmas tree. The Slavonic mythology. The Father Kazakh also observe this tradition Frost’s prototype was St. Nikolai that is why there is a lovely New (Santa Claus) and also more Year tree in every house. ancient minor divinities Zimnik and Korochun. 13 kztg1.indd 13 1/13/2016 10:29:58 AM

General Calendar Orthodox Christmas Day – 7th January Orthodox Christians in GENERAL CALENDAR 7 to remember Jesus Christ’s The Kazakh celebrate Nauryz Kazakhstan annually celebrate Christmas Day on or near January birth, described in the Christian Bible. This date works to the Julian calendar that pre-dates the Gregorian calendar, which is in the same manner as other commonly observed. own individualities. The main Men’s Day – 23th February dish of the holiday is Nauryz-koje Previously, this day was oriental people but they have their or Nauryzdyk which consists of celebrated as the official Soviet seven ingredients symbolizing Army Day in the Soviet Union. vital elements. The number 7 Now it is famous as Men’s day is a fortunate number for the and they usually receive gifts Kazakh that is why many festive from women. ceremonies are connected with it. International Women’s Day – 8th March As a rule, Nauryz began with a Many organizations hold competition – a game between a festive events devoted to girl and djigit, which represented women. Historically this day a symbolic struggle between was celebrated as the Day of winter and spring. Different kinds working women’s solidarity in the of games and competitions were struggle for the equality of rights organized during the three days and emancipation. of the holiday where adults and the youth, children and women Nauryz (spring holiday) – 21st took an active part. March Nauryz is a very important During the celebration of Nauryz, holiday for Kazakhs, which marks the Kazakh visit their friends and the beginning of a new year. It is relatives; you can often watch celebrated several days starting people saying “Koktem Tudy” – from 21st of March, the day Congratulations on Spring Day! of the spring equinox. Nauryz Absolutely unknown people are symbolizes goodness and greeting you wishing well-being. wealth, happiness and love and Contest of folk singers – akyns great friendship. who glorify Nauryz in their songs are also held during the holiday celebration in Kazakhstan. 14 kztg1.indd 14 1/13/2016 10:29:59 AM

General Calendar Victory Day – 9th May The Day of Victory over fascist Germany in World War II of 1941-45 is one of the holidays, most respected in the world. This holiday is a day off in many countries and in particular in Kazakhstan. GENERAL CALENDAR Victory Day is celebrated on 9 May because it was the day when the act of unconditional German surrender was signed at 01:00 Moscow time. This holiday was celebrated for the first time in 1945 when Moscow organized the Victory Parade in the Red Independence Day – 16th Square. From this moment every December year solemn military parades and The holiday marks the marches are held on 9 May in all independence of Kazakhstan cities and states of post-Soviet following the collapse of the countries. Soviet Union. Kazakhstan Independence People of Kazakhstan pay a great Day is marked by festivities attention to this holiday since this in the presidential palace and date symbolizes the protection of many Kazakhs will dress up the Motherland and people from in traditional clothes. Kurts enemies. Furthermore, a lot of (traditional tents) will be set up Kazakh people died defending in many villages where local their Motherland. delicacies will be served. 15 kztg1.indd 15 1/13/2016 10:30:00 AM

Clothes Women’s Clothes: Men’s Apparel: Koylek Borik Women wear a shirt-like garment This is a type of traditional THE CULTURE different fabrics depending on rounded warm cap, trimmed known as a koylek. It is sewn from headgear for men. It is a the purpose - from inexpensive with astrakhan otter, marten or fabrics for daily use to more raccoon fur. expensive ones for festive wear. The dress is made by folding an Shalbar integral piece of fabric in half and In the 18th century, the top sewing the sides laterally from trousers or shalbar were sewn the armpits to the bottom hem. from homespun camel-hair fabric and skin. They bore embroidered silk patterns in designs shaped like vegetables, the ends quite often sheathed by an ornate band, lace, and edged with fur. Shapan One of the main articles of clothing of the Kazakh was the shapan or chapan - a spacious long dressing gown. Shapan are sewn from various fabrics, easy and dense, in various colours although in the main monochrome or dark. These are lined with a layer of wool or cotton wool. Festive shapan are sewn from velvet and decorated Trousers with applique, brushes, and gold Kazakh girls wear trousers sewn embroidery. Such a dressing from a sheepskin, homespun gown was part of the clothing of cloth, and dense cotton fabrics. rich Kazakhs. Trousers may be short (shalbar) or long (dalbar). Ton A Ton or sheepskin coat is Shapan a common article of winter A shapan is a wide dressing gown clothing for Kazakhs. Tons are with long sleeves while a wedding made by sewing together tanned gown is often a shapan made of sheepskins and contain wool on expensive red fabric. the inside. Prosperous Kazakhs wear tons made from the skins of Kupe four-to-five month old lambs. A kupe is warm women’s clothing typically made of fox fur, and is rarely made from goat skin. 16 kztg1.indd 16 1/13/2016 10:30:00 AM

Cuisine THE CULTURE Kazakh cuisine Traditional Kazakhstan cuisine is focused on mutton and horse meat, as well as various milk products. For hundreds of years, Kazakhs were herders who raised fat-tailed sheep, Bactrian camels, and horses, relying on these animals for transportation, clothing, and food. The cooking techniques and major ingredients have been strongly influenced by the nation’s nomadic way of life. For example, most cooking techniques are aimed at long- term preservation of food. There is large practice of salting and drying meat so that it will last, and there is a preference for sour milk, as it is easier to save in a nomadic lifestyle. Meat in various forms has always been the primary ingredient of Kazakh cuisine, and traditional Kazakh cooking is based on boiling. Horse and mutton are the most popular forms of meat and are most often served in large uncut pieces, which have been boiled. 17 kztg1.indd 17 1/13/2016 10:30:01 AM

Music THE CULTURE Traditional Music (mainly performed by women), or as part of a feast. Here we When referring to traditional might divide into sub genres: Kazakh music, authentic epic singing, containing not only folklore must be separated from historical facts, but as well the “folklorism”. The latter denotes tribe’s genealogy, love songs, music executed by academically didactic verses; and as a special trained performers who aim at form, the composition of two or preserving the traditional music more singers in public (Aitys), of for coming generations. As far as dialogue character and usually can be reconstructed, the music unexpectedly frank in content. of Kazakhstan from the period before a strong Russian influence Embroidery art is well-known consists of following genres: in Kazakhstan from ancient • Instrumental music, with the times. Embroidered ornament pieces (“Küy”) being performed is comprised of great multi- by soloists. Text is often seen in coloured threads exquisitely the background (or “program”) embellished with glass beads, for the music, as a lot of Küy titles bugles, pearls, precious stones refer to stories. fastened onto cloth, leather, • Vocal music, either as part of felt and other materials. a ceremony such as a wedding Essentially, there are four types 18 kztg1.indd 18 1/13/2016 10:30:01 AM

Arts & Craft of embroidery: a chain-stitch (byz keste), a satin-stitch (basta), a two-row stitch (albyr keste), and a canvas-stitch (kenebe). Of these, most widespread is chain- stitch made by either a crocket book or special needle. THE CULTURE Fancy fretwork that refers to traditional types of arts and crafts in Kazakhstan is also widely used in decorating articles of every-day life (table-ware, furniture) as well as in decorating architectural structures. In fretwork they traditionally resort to wood, stone or bone. Not infrequently, it is combined with colour toning, painting, with bone or metal incrustations. Very often fretted bone goes hand in hand with wooden fretwork. Carpet weaving is inseparable from ancient crafts of Kazakhs. From time immemorial to this day syrmak, a traditional hand-made carpet decorates the interiors of the Kazakh houses. 19 kztg1.indd 19 1/13/2016 10:30:03 AM

4 Seasons White Winter 46°C in the south with relatively November is when the winter low humidity. Expect strong naturally starts with continuous winds and thunderstorms in early CLIMATE snow fall coming from the north summer. Weather in the western of the country and can last as steppes during summer is mostly long as 5 months up till March. dry and hot while it is very rainy The snow cover from winter can and warm in the plains towards reach as thick as 30cm. Winter the east. is at its coldest in Kazakhstan during January. The lowest Temperature is at its warmest in temperatures are characteristic July, with average temperature for the north-eastern parts from reaching 19°C in the north and where frosts reach as low as -54°C 28°C to 30°C in the south. Late while the southern temperatures springs and early autumns in the are rare to fall below -30°C. northern region doesn’t really leave summer much time to shine Vibrant Spring itself to its fullest. Spring starts as early as February from the southern areas and then Yellow Autumn slowly spreading up to the north. By September, autumn arrives The amount of time Spring takes and slowly spreads down to fully reach the northern parts towards the southern region. It is around one to one and a half is at its fullest by October. During month. A telltale sign of spring this time, weather is more cloudy, coming is that people start rainy and windy in most parts of working in the fields. But while the the country. Semi-desert zones south is busy planting the land, will experience the first freezing the north can still be covered with weathers in October. The desert ice and still experiencing winter plains might still experience blizzards. sunny, hot and dry weather in October and November. Autumn Spring lasts a maximum of in the mountainous areas is 2 months in most areas with usually rainy and misty and snow southern daily temperatures falls early here. reaching 16-18°C. Night frosts stops around May in the north and in April in the south. Sundrenched Summer Summer starts around May from the south and lasts around five months. During this season, temperatures can go as high as 38°C in the north and a scorching 20 kztg1.indd 20 1/13/2016 10:30:04 AM

Education EDUCATION Universities in Kazakhstan follow the The top two universities in Russian system, with focus being on Kazakhstan are the al-Farabi Kazakh the teaching and lesser on research National University in Almaty and engagements. Accepted university the L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National students at any level apply under a University in Astana. The Karaganda specific major, with the curriculum State University is also well- being set by the university in regarded. accordance to the State legislation for each major. As an example, There are also a number of economics majors will all study the international universities such as same courses in the same order KIMEP, which run a joint program. separately from English majors who 40% of these programs are owned are having a different curriculum. by the government of Kazakhstan though the educated in modelled on Currently, the government is looking the Western system. The Kazakh- to pursue a program to adopt the British Technical University and also credit-system which allows students the Kazakh-American University to study more easily internationally are representations of these joint and also to add the possibility of projects between Kazakhstan and a curriculum with electives and the UK and the USA, respectively. student-chosen courses. The language of instruction for all three institutions is English. In Kazakhstan, there are 4 levels of tertiary education: Private universities, particularly 1. Bachelors Degree — a four-year for-profit institutions, are subjected degree 2. Specialist Degree — a five-year degree and more intensive than Bachelors degree 3. Masters Degree — a two-year degree, roughly corresponding to the Western Masters 4. Doctoral Degree — a five-year program 21 kztg1.indd 21 1/13/2016 10:30:04 AM

Education to the same regulations regarding Al-Farabi Kazakh National University its curriculum though they 71, Al-Farabi Avenue, Almaty, Kazakhstan. are free to set up tuition and EDUCATION salaries however they deem www.kaznu.kz/en +7 (727) 377 3365 fit. Public universities are also Kainar University tied to the same regulations government-owned other as bodies, not only in regards to its fees and salaries, but also its administrative structure, contracting and subcontracting, and the ownership of properties. State owned universities receive funding if their total enrolment reaches 86, 000 students 7A, Satpaev Street, or 34%. A small quantity of Almaty, Kazakhstan. +7 (727) 255 8458 universities is financed through +7 (727) 255 83 43 the Republic’s budget line, such http://en.kainar-edu.kz as art academies or international universities. Karaganda Economic University 9, Akademicheskaya Street, Karagandy, Kazakhstan. Kazakhstan joined the European +7 (7212) 441 612 Higher Education Area in 2011 www.keu.kz/en and is participating in the Karaganda State University Bologna Process, which aims to standardize tertiary education provisions and principles across this area. Mukanov Street, Kazybek Bi District, Karagandy, Kazakhstan. +7 (7212) 770 389 www.ksu.kz 22 kztg1.indd 22 1/13/2016 10:30:07 AM

Education EDUCATION University 2, Mirzoyana Street, Astana, Kazakhstan. 2, Abay Avenue, +7 (7172) 709 500 Office 115 Dostyk building, www.enu.kz/en Almaty, Kazakhstan. +7 (727) 270 4320 www.kimep.kz/en L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National 28, Ryskulbekov Street, Almaty, Kazakhstan. +7 (727) 309 6330/ +7 (727) 309 6308 Nazarbayez University www.kazgasa.kz/en 53, Kabanbay Batyr Avenue, Astana, Kazakhstan. +7 (7172) 706 688 http://nu.edu.kz Kazakh National Technical University 22A, Satpaev Street, Almaty, Kazakhstan. +7 (727) 292 7301/ +7 (727) 257 7052 Kazakh-America University www.kazntu.kz/en 29, Toraigirov Street, KIMEP University Almaty, Kazakhstan. +7 (727) 226 8000 www.kau.kz/?lang=en Kazakh-British Technical University 59, Tole Bi Street, Almaty, Kazakhstan. +7 (727) 250 4658 www.kbtu.kz Kazakh Leading Architectural and Civil Engineering Academy 23 kztg1.indd 23 1/13/2016 10:30:08 AM

Economy ECONOMY Besides being the largest country Towards the end of 2007, of the former Soviet republics, the global financial markets not including Russia, Kazakhstan crashed and Kazakhstani banks also possesses large reserves of experienced a loss of capital fossil fuel and supplies of other inflows causing a credit crunch. valuable minerals and metals Subsequently, oil and commodity like uranium, cooper and zinc. Its prices experienced a steep fall agricultural sector which focuses in 2008, further aggravating the on livestock and grain production economic situation, leading to is also significant. In 2002, the a recession. Despite this global country became the first of the financial crisis, Kazakhstan former Soviet Union to receive an rebounded well, with aid from investment-grade credit rating. prudent government measures. Rising commodity prices also Kazakhstan’s growth has been helped with recovery. and will continue to be powered by its extractive industries although In spite of firm macroeconomic the country is also looking at indicators, the government diversification strategies. Being a eventually realizes that its landlocked country, Kazakhstan own economy suffered from has limited access to the seas and overreliance on oil and extractive thus relies a lot on neighbouring industries. As a response, countries to export its primary Kazakhstan embarked on products, like oil and grain. Its an ambitious diversification Caspian Sea ports, pipelines and program, aiming to develop rail lines transporting oil have targeted sectors such as been constantly upgraded, but transport, pharmaceuticals, still its civil aviation and roadways t e le c o m mu n ic a t io n s , need improving. Telecoms are petrochemicals and food existent but still needs more processing. By 2010, the country investment injections as does joined the Belarus-Kazakhstan- the information technology Russia Customs Union to boost sectors. The distribution and efforts in promoting foreign supply of electricity is constantly investment and strengthen trade fluxing because of regional relations. dependencies, but Kazakhstan is moving forward with plans to improve its reliability of electricity and gas supply to the population. 24 kztg1.indd 24 1/13/2016 10:30:09 AM

Agriculture Agriculture in Kazakhstan from 13.9 million tonnesin 2013. remains a small scale sector of the country’seconomy. Agriculture’s Other Kazakh minor crops contribution to the GDP is under include barley, cotton, sugar 10% – it was recorded as 6.7%, beets, sunflowers, flax, and rice. and as occupying only 20% of Agricultural lands in Kazakhstan AGRICULTURE labour. At the same time, more were depleted of their nutrients than 70% of its land is occupied during the Virgin Lands in crops and animal husbandry. Campaign during the Soviet Compared to North America, a era. This continues to impact relatively small percentage of production today. Kazakh wine is land is used for crops, with the produced in the mountains east percentage being higher in the of Almaty.In 2011 the country had north of the country. 70% of the achieved record grain harvests agricultural land is permanent of 26.9 million tonnes, exceeding pastureland. the previous record of 21mn tonnes recorded in 2009. For Kazakhstan’s largest crop 2012, the Kazakhstan Agriculture is wheat, which it exports. It Ministry cut the crop forecast to ranks as the sixth largest wheat only 14 million tons because of producer in the world. Kazakh dry weather. milling wheat is typically high in quality and protein. There is a Animals raised in Kazakhstan growing trend for Kazakhstan to include cattle, chickens, sheep, export its grain internationally. In pigs, horses and goats (in 2011, the country netted a record descending order of numbers). crop – nearly 27million tonnes, Meat production in tons which enabled it to set its grain was highest in cows, pork, export target at nearly 15million mutton(meat), chicken, and tonnes for the 2011/2012 “other meat.” Wool, cow milk, and marketing year. Astana forecasts eggs are the other major animal Kazakhstan’s wheat production products of the country. in 2014 at 14.5 million tonnes, up 25 kztg1.indd 25 1/13/2016 10:30:09 AM

Minor Hajj/Pilgrimage Journey The importance of the Hajj dates back to the Prophet Muhammad, who established it as one of the five pillars of Islam and a duty of every Muslim to perform it once in their lifetime. HIGHLIGHT Mecca. Mecca is the site of the Kaaba, where it The pilgrimage is to the holiest city in Islam, is believed that Abraham built the first shrine to God. As the site of the first monotheistic shrine, the Kaaba is treated as the holiest spot in the world. Once the pilgrimages arrived in Mecca, they are expected to visit a number of sites and participate in a number of activities, including: Walking seven times around the Kaaba in a counter clockwise direction; touching the black stone at the site, which is believed to have been dropped there from heaven; visiting Mount Arafat, where Muhammad gave his last sermon; throwing stones at a pile of rocks representing the devil in the village Mina; sacrificing a sheep or goat at Mina in commemoration of the sacrifice Abraham offered to God (many pilgrims now pay someone else to sacrifice the animal for them); and drinking water from the well of Zamzam in the Great Mosque, where it is believed that God provided water for Hajar and Hajj literally means “to set out for a place” and her son. for Muslims, take place in the month of Dhul Hijjah which is the 12 month of the Islamic th lunar calendar. Typically, it is a journey to a shrine or other location of importance to a person’s beliefs and faith though sometimes it can be a metaphorical journey into someone’s own beliefs. Many religions attach spiritual importance to particular places: the place of birth or death of founders or saints, or to the place of their “calling” or spiritual awakening, or of their connection (visual or verbal) with the divine or to locations where miracles were performed or witnessed, or locations where a deity is said to live or be “housed”, or any site that is seen to have special spiritual powers. Such sites may be commemorated with shrines or temples that devotees are encouraged to visit for their own spiritual benefit: to be healed or have questions answered or to achieve some other spiritual benefit. A person who makes such a journey is called a pilgrim. Many Muslims participating in the Hajj choose to forgo some of the rituals and practices, choosing instead a shortened version of the pilgrimage. The shortened version is known as Hajj elfrad, and does not involve the circling of the Kaaba seven times or touching the black stone, but does involve visiting the Kaaba and offering prayers. It is not required to sacrifice an animal if performing this form of the Hajj. In Uzbekistan, there are many historical monuments relating to the origin, pervasion and spread of Zoroastrianism, Buddhism, Judaism, Christianity and Islam, in the 8 century making th Uzbekistan as a sacred country practicing minor pilgrimage. 26 kztg1.indd 26 1/13/2016 10:30:13 AM

Minor Hajj/Pilgrimage Journey AGRICULTURE S amarkand which was founded more than was once the tallest minaret in Central Asia and 2750 years ago is home to fascinating the Lyabi Hauz Architectural Complex which historical monuments. The focus of its beauty is the Registan better known houses a few madrassahs are where pilgrims find peace and quiet is what one needs so much as “Sandy Place.” It is the most magnificent to get closer to God. landmark in Samarkand. It consists of three madrassahs. Besides that, the Bibi Khanum A Minor Haji to sacred land in Uzbekistan begins Mosque and Gur Emir Mausoleum features from Tashkent-Samarkand-Bukhara and will beautiful architecture such as their interior and take at least 4 to 5 days. exterior inscription décor. The Shah-i-Zinda Ensemble is the most important pilgrimage site for both locals and tourists. The same goes to the Iman al-Bukhari Mausoleum which can accommodate more than 1500 worshippers at one time and a visit to this shrine is considered by the Muslims to be equal to a minor Haji. As Samarkand was the centre of commerce, Bukhara on the other hand became the empires’ religious heart. Its cultural and architectural legacy was recognised by UNESCO and the city is inscribed in the World Heritage Listing. The centre of history in Bukhara best seen on foot is ‘The Ark” once a fortified residence of a Bukhara ruler known as “The Shadow of Allah”. The Ismail Samani Mausoleum, a 1000 year old edifice is a real masterpiece by its founder, Ismail Samani, and it has been preserved since the Mongol invasion by Genghis Khan. The Modari-Khan Madrassah and the Abdullah-Khan Madrassah are important religious schools back in the 16th century. The Kalyan Minaret (Short Minaret) Al Bukhari Mausoleum 27 kztg1.indd 27 1/13/2016 10:30:15 AM

Silk Road The start of the Silk Road is dated 2nd century BC when Chinese ambassador Zhang Qian visited the countries of Central Asia with diplomatic mission. Until the 2nd century BC the HIGHLIGHT of China because the great ranges of Asia, the way from Europe to Asia stopped at the borders Tien Shan, the Kun-Lun, the Karakorum, the Hindu Kush, and the Himalayas, protected the ancient Chinese civilization from the rest of the world. It was by accident that the richest western direction was opened. One of nomadic tribes, who were allies with China, was driven out by another tribe, openly hostile to China. Silk Road J ourney The former ally left to the West and Zhang Qian found the former allies in the oases of Central Asia. Zhang Qian was amazed by what he saw and when he came back to China, he told the emperor about the countries lying to the West from China, about how rich they were. Soon the embassies were sent to Central Asia and among the gifts they brought were Chinese silk. That was how ancient civilizations of Central Asia and China and later, of Mediterranean and India met. One went from the West, from the countries of the Mediterranean to Central Asia, explored and travelled by Greeks during Alexander the Great campaigns and the other, leading from the East, from Hang empire to Central Asia, explored by Zhang Qian who travelled that land from the north to the south the mountains of Central Asia. There was even via Davan, Kangyui, Soghd, and Bactria. the so-called “Lazurite Way” which was used for taking that stone from Central Asia to Iran, However, before that, there had been several Mesopotamia and even to Egypt. At the same roads which were used for trade between time “Nephrite Way” connected Khotan and the East and the West. Those were separate Yarkand with Northern China. Besides that, sectors of the future way Silk Road. The rise carnelian was taken out to the countries of of commercial relations was promoted by Westerns Asia from Sogdiana and Bactria, and extraction of semiprecious stones such as turquoise - from Khoresm. All those routes, lazurites, nephrites, carnelians, turquoises in eventually, joined the Silk Road. 28 kztg1.indd 28 1/13/2016 10:30:20 AM

Silk Road HIGHLIGHT G olden Ageof the reat Silk Road In the 1 – 3 centuries AD the Silk Road However, the political situation changed. Only st rd connected the four most powerful ancient Byzantium left from the Roman Empire, the empires – European Roman Empire, the Parthian Parthian Empire was replaced by the state Empire in the Near and Middle East, the Kushan of Sassanids, the Kushan and Hang empires Empire in the south of Central Asia, Afghanistan broke up into a number of states conflicting and Chinese Hang Empire in the Far East. with each other. The break in the functioning of Although they struggled for the domination over the Silk Road lasted until the 6 century when th the key points of trade, it was possible for all of new strong regional powers started to appear them to provide caravan routes stability. in Eurasia. International trade intensified. China received from Central Asia woollen fabrics, carpets, jewellery, lazurites and thoroughbred horses, and exported silk fabrics, iron, nickel, furs, teas, paper, and gunpowder. India exported spices and fragrances. Via Iran Rome imported Chinese silk which was worth its weight in gold there. Via Khoresm caravans went to Eastern Europe. The main road passed through Dunhuan, Khami, Turfan, Kashgar, Uzgen, Osh, Khiva, Andizhan, Kokand, Samarkand, Bukhara and Merv. In Merv (now Mary in Turkmenistan) the Silk Road split. One branch went via Khoresm to Volga, to Eastern Europe. That made it possible to deliver goods China, India, Central Asia to Russia: Kiev, Novgorod, and later –Moscow. Another branch went via Balkh and the lands of modern Afghanistan to India. The third went to Bagdad and further to the Mediterranean Sea. There the goods were loaded on ships and delivered to Egypt, Byzantium, and Italy. 29 kztg1.indd 29 1/13/2016 10:30:23 AM

Silk Road HIGHLIGHT Decline of the Silk Road In 1200 onwards, the Mongols under the rule of Genghis Khan took over a vast majority of the area hence establishing “Pax Mongolica” or “Mongol Peace”. During this era, paper money were introduced and the famous Marco Polo travelled the area, recording his memoirs. The era lasted a good two centuries before the Turkish Ottoman Empire gained power. Tamerlane also began conquering certain parts of Asia such as Persia, parts of southern Russia and northern India. Unfortunately, in the 1400s, the Silk Road in its heyday also carried a bubonic plague known as The Black Plague which in turn triggered the decline of the route. Amidst the downfall, rose the Chinese Ming Dynasty. The Ming Dynasty however, caused further decline by reducing the traffic and trade of silk due to fear of the power of Uighurs. In 1600, Uzbek Turks began settling in what is known today as Uzbekistan. After a devasting earthquake in the 1700s, the Silk Road continued its growth with new explorations such as the Muztagh Pass and other buried cities. The modern day Silk Road still retain its charms and history of which most of it can be found in the architecture and monuments in Uzbekistan. Also, it should be noted that all of the monuments are recognised and protected by UNESCO as a World Genghis Khan Statue Heritage Site. 30 kztg1.indd 30 1/13/2016 10:30:28 AM

Silk Road The Registan Square, paved with fi red bricks and cobbles, and the architectural ensemble of its three edifi ces, masterpieces of medieval Islamic architecture, have been UNESCO World Heritage Sites since 2001. The central building of the ensemble is Tilla-Qori Madrasah, Ulugbek Madrasah and Sher-Dor Madrasah stand to the left and right of it respectively. HIGHLIGHT The madrasahs date from different times. Ulugbek Madrasah, the earliest of them, was built in 1417 - 1420 by order of Ulugbek, Tamerlane’s grandson. Two centuries later, Located in the center of Samarkand, the by order of Samarkand governor Yalangtush Registan Square with its medieval edifi ces is Bahadur, Sher-Dor Madrasah and Tilla-Qori certainly one of the most impressive squares in Madrasah were built. Each of the madrasahs the world. features unique decorations: fascinating tile The legend has it that the square was a place of mosaics, delicate stone carvings and splendid public executions from the 15 to the early 20 gilt ceilings. th th centuries, and they strew it with sand to absorb Today various festivals, holidays and shows are the blood shed there. Therefore, the square was held in the square. There are a number of shops named Registan: reg (‘sand’) and stan (‘place’) - offering local handicrafts housed in them. ‘a sand place’. It was also a place where people, summoned with trumpets, gathered to listen to government decrees announced. Initially, at the beginning of the 15th century, the square did not have the grand madrasahs standing on its three sides today. (A madrasah is an Islamic college; also spelled madrasa, madarasaa, medresa, madrassa, madraza, madarsa, medrese.) They were built later, in the 15 and the 17 centuries. th th REGISTAN SQUARE 31 kztg1.indd 31 1/13/2016 10:30:41 AM

Silk Road Internet Throughout Central Asia, internet cafes can be found without much difficulty. HIGHLIGHT Clothing A moderate dress code is essential. Money Foreign exchanges are available in most towns. Bring a combination of Cash (USD/Euros), Credit Card and Travellers Cheque to cover eventuality. ATMs (Bankomats) ATMs are largely available and would accept foreign ATM cards but some charge a service fee of around 2% (varies for different bank). Credit Card You cannot truly rely on credit card for your travel finances as most of the places in Uzbekistan do not accept credit card except for hotels and high-end restaurants. Travellers Cheque All cheques are required to be declared on your customs declaration form or you would not be Health able to cash them in any of the capital banks. Ask your doctor for an International Certificate of Vaccination or better known as Yellow Booklet. Cash Uzbekistan requires HIV testing 2 months prior US Dollars and Euros are the easiest to exchange. to entering the country. Certain foreign test are accepted but be sure to check with embassy before travelling. Travel Insurance When buying travel insurance, you are World Health Organisation (WHO) recommends buying some peace of mind – both for you the following vaccinations for travelers to while you travel and also for your family Central Asia: and friends back home. However, be aware  Adult Diphtheria & Tetanus of the following;  Hepatitis A & B Dangerous activities  Measles, Mumps and Rubella  Many insurers consider motorcycling,  Polio diving, parachuting, hot-air ballooning  Typhoid and many other largely safe activities  Varicella as hugely dangerous pursuits. Country exclusions Photography  Check if the insurance covers Uzbekistan. Video cameras are required to be declared at Working exclusions your customs declaration form. Always ask  Will you be working during your trip? politely to photograph people in Uzbekistan  Maximum amount per item as Central Asians are more conservative as  Maximum payout per item if goods are compared to any other countries, so they may stolen be sensitive towards photography. Excessive excess  Excess is the amount you have to pay to lodge a travel insurance claim (eg. excess of $100 and you have a camera worth $120 stolen, you must pay the first $100) 32 kztg1.indd 32 1/13/2016 10:30:42 AM

Silk Road S amarkand HIGHLIGHT Samarkand is one of the most ancient cities Samarkand on the world map. The majority of of the world and is a famous city of modern architectural monuments which are well-known Uzbekistan. Founded about 700 years BC, today were built by Timur and his descendants. formerly the city was known as Afrasiab and Within less than 100 year, Samarkand turned into Marakanda. It was the capital of Sogdiana in an incredibly beautiful city with breath-taking the territory of ancient Turan. In 329 BC it was turquoise domes and magnificent minarets. conquered by Alexander the Great and became In 1925-1929 Samarkand was the capital of the the key trading centre on the Silk Road between Uzbek SSR. But even after the capital was moved China and the Mediterranean. to Tashkent, Samarkand continued playing an In the 6-13 centuries the city was one of the important role in the cultural and economic th major political and cultural centres of Central life of the region. After Uzbekistan declared its Asian states. In different periods it defended independence in 1991, Samarkand became an itself from conquest of Persians, Greeks important industrial, cultural and tourist centre (Selevkids) and Arabs. During the 6-13 centuries of the country. Today any visitor of Samarkand th Samarkand was included in the Turkic Kaganate can enjoy the beauty of its unique architectural as the capital of Sogd. After the conquest of the masterpieces, which are as splendid and well- city by the Arab Caliphate in the beginning of the known as the greatest monuments of India, 8th century, Samarkand became an important Egypt, Greece and ancient Rome. centre of Muslim culture. In 2001 Samarkand was inscribed on the World However, in 1220 the city was plundered and Heritage List. The 2,750 anniversary of the city, th almost entirely destroyed by the Mongols. During contemporary of Rome, was celebrated on an the reign of Timur and the Timurids (1370- international scale under the aegis of UNESCO 1499) Samarkand was the capital of the empire in 2007. and enjoyed peace and prosperity. Timur put 33 kztg1.indd 33 1/13/2016 10:30:43 AM

Aeropuerto de Samarkanda Al Mausoleo Rudaki a 6 km. Daniyar HIGHLIGHT Samarkand Dakhbed Bulungur Rudaki N Mezquita de Historia AFROSIAB a Museo d j i m i t d i Tashkent K u b Bayaut n Khazret Khizr Afrosiab r o Shah-i-zinda Mezquita Chorrakhar Ogakhi Makhmud Kashgari Kurchadov Birlik Khodja Zudmurod Chorrakhar Mezquita Shakbi-Zinda Davlabad Stadio Yalangfush Sharafm Rashidov Temirchilar d e Imon Al-Bukhori K Bibi Khanum o s h Dynamo Iglesia Khusain Baykaro Estadio Spartak b h k a Mirzo Ulugbek K h a Estación Pushkin D Mezquita u z de Tren Mustakillik Iglesia Kosk Khauz Bibi Khanum Tashkent Pastargom Mirzo Ulugbek Chelek Plaza de la REGISTAN Artesanos Khudzhum Sinagoga Mercado Correos Independencia Chorsu Meros Shark Cubierto Dakhbed Madrasa Madrasa Temur Malik Pochtoyaya Tillya Kari Sher-Dor Bukhara Museo Provincial Ak Saray Madrasa Museo de Arte Museo Lutfi Regional Amir Temur Plaza Kok Ulugbek Sadriddin y Cultura Saray Bosmakhon Ayni Registan Vabkent Gijduvan Yakhi Afzali Telefon Tor Kamol Otaturk Museo de la Paz Galería Registan Umarov Museo Estudio Vabkent Amir Temur y Solidaridad Teatro de arte Mausoleo Khayam R. Temurov Muynak Memorial Omar Iglesia Meros Teatro Rukhabad Rukhabad Labigar Mekhnat Kammekh Kasan Djami Firdousi Puppet Shahrukh Mirzo Mausoleo Suzangaran Adjzi Saidakhmad Lutfi Guri Amir Pendzhijent Mausoleo Ustabaev Firdousi Mustakillik Ak Sarai Sharaf Rashidov Makhmud Kashgan Firdousi Bulok Isaev Kamol Otaturk Iglesia Iglesia Universitet Bulvari Galaba Kahramon Umarov Yusuf Khas Khadgiba Museo de Zoología Bulok Abutyunov Isaev Bobur Mirzo Orzi Makhmudov Museo Bakhtiyor Khamidov Suzangaran Ishrat Djami Akad. Akbar Atakhodjaev Nurabad Alisher Navoi Mukimi Khana Complejo Khodja Prof. Abdulla Khamroev Abdi Darun Chekhov Sinagoga Sadridin Aynio Yakhye Gulmov Kabul Ashurov 34 kztg1.indd 34 1/13/2016 10:30:44 AM

Aeropuerto de Samarkanda Al Mausoleo Rudaki a 6 km. Daniyar Samarkand Dakhbed N AFROSIAB a Museo HIGHLIGHT d j i m t Bulungur Rudaki i Mezquita de Historia d Khazret Khizr Afrosiab i Tashkent n K u r Bayaut b o Shah-i-zinda Mezquita Chorrakhar Ogakhi Makhmud Kashgari Kurchadov Birlik Khodja Zudmurod Chorrakhar Mezquita Shakbi-Zinda Davlabad Stadio Yalangfush Sharafm Rashidov Temirchilar d e Imon Al-Bukhori K Bibi Khanum o s h Dynamo Iglesia Khusain Baykaro Estadio Spartak b h k a Mirzo Ulugbek K h a Estación Pushkin D Mezquita u z de Tren Mustakillik Iglesia Kosk Khauz Bibi Khanum Tashkent Pastargom Mirzo Ulugbek Chelek Plaza de la REGISTAN Artesanos Khudzhum Sinagoga Mercado Correos Independencia Chorsu Meros Shark Cubierto Dakhbed Madrasa Madrasa Temur Malik Pochtoyaya Tillya Kari Sher-Dor Bukhara Museo Provincial Ak Saray Madrasa Museo de Arte Museo Regional Amir Temur Plaza Kok Ulugbek Sadriddin y Cultura Lutfi Saray Bosmakhon Ayni Registan Vabkent Gijduvan Yakhi Afzali Telefon Tor Kamol Otaturk Museo de la Paz Galería Registan Umarov Museo Estudio Vabkent Amir Temur y Solidaridad Teatro de arte Mausoleo Khayam R. Temurov Muynak Memorial Omar Iglesia Meros Teatro Rukhabad Rukhabad Labigar Mekhnat Kammekh Kasan Djami Firdousi Puppet Shahrukh Mirzo Mausoleo Suzangaran Adjzi Saidakhmad Lutfi Guri Amir Pendzhijent Mausoleo Ustabaev Firdousi Mustakillik Ak Sarai Sharaf Rashidov Makhmud Kashgan Firdousi Bulok Isaev Kamol Otaturk Iglesia Iglesia Universitet Bulvari Galaba Kahramon Umarov Yusuf Khas Khadgiba Museo de Zoología Bulok Abutyunov Isaev Bobur Mirzo Orzi Makhmudov Museo Bakhtiyor Khamidov Suzangaran Ishrat Djami Akad. Akbar Atakhodjaev Nurabad Alisher Navoi Mukimi Khana Complejo Khodja Prof. Abdulla Khamroev Abdi Darun Chekhov Sinagoga Sadridin Aynio Yakhye Gulmov Kabul Ashurov 35 kztg1.indd 35 1/13/2016 10:30:45 AM

Historic Sites Ulugbek Madrassah Built in 1417, both in Samarkand and Bukhara, was a large urabna project incorporating several mosques, caravanserais and bazaars altogether. However, only Ulugbek Madrassah (largest Madrassah in Samarkand) HIGHLIGHT Square directly. The madrassah operated until the late 17th century, survived after so many centuries. This madrassah faced the Registan before it was transformed into grain storage for more than a century. Teaching fucntions were then resumed in the early 20 century. th Afrosiab Settlement “Everything I have heard about Samarkand is true, except for the fact that it is more beautiful than I could imagine.” said Greek King Alexander the Great who invaded Samarkand in 329 B.C. The ancient settlement of Afrosiab is situated on the spurs of Chupan-Ata hills to the northeast of the present-day Samarkand. According to legends, it was here, on the banks of the river Siab, that Turanian king and hero Afrosaib, a character of the folk epic ‘Shahnama’, founded the town that then became the capital of Sogdiana. The Afrosiab site appeared as gloomy yellowish hills. Its panoramic view can be viewed from the citadel’s top. Location: Tashkent Road, Samarkand Coordinates: 39° 40’ 10.70” N 66° 59’ 15.25” E 36 kztg1.indd 36 1/13/2016 10:30:47 AM

Historic Sites Sher-Dor Madrassah Sher-Dor or “Lion” Madrassah was built in the 17 Century. Only the sons of wealthy th families studied there, and they came from all over Central Asia. Training could last from ten to twenty years. The only subject students HIGHLIGHT were required to take was the Koran, all the other subjects were optional and could be selected by the students according to their interests. The Madrassah was considered as radical in its uses of animal figures (the two figures in the corners are lions) which are usually prohibited in Islamic law. Tilya-Kori Madrasah Tilya-Kori (“Gilded”) Madrassah was built 10 years after Sher-Dor Madrassah. It was not only a place for training students but it also played the role of a grand mosque. The two-storied façade decorated with beautiful patterns, the dormitory building surrounding the vast courtyard and the abundantly gilded ornaments in the mosque’s main hall are among the stunning highlights of the madrassah which also were fundamental in naming the mosque, Til-Kori. 37 kztg1.indd 37 1/13/2016 10:30:50 AM

Historic Sites Gur-Emir Mausoleum - Tomb of the King from marble, only Temur’s headstone is from The Gur-e Amir (also Gur Emir) is the mausoleum HIGHLIGHT as Temur) in Samarkand (now in Uzbekistan). and put on Temur’s grave. nephritis, it was brought by order of Ulugbek of the Asian conqueror Tamerlane (also known Gur-Emir means “Grave of Emir”. The Gur- In June 1941, Samarkand was part of the Emir Mausoleum was built in 1404 for Temur’s Soviet Union, and Soviet scientists came to grandson Muhammad Sultan. He was the heir the mausoleum and opened the sarcophagus apparent of throne after Timur, but in 1404 he to study the body of Temur and found the died and Temur ordered to buid big mausoleum inscription: for his beloved grandson. “Whosoever opens my tomb shall unleash an In 1405, Temur died in Otrar city and his invader more terrible than I am”. sons decided to move his body and bury him near his favourite grandson. From that time Location: Bustansaroy Street, Samarkand on, this mausoleum was called the “burial- Coordinates: 39° 38’ 54.34” N 66° 58’ 8.35” E vault of Temurids”. Every headstone is made Mausoleum of Ak-Saray One of the most mysterious buildings in Samarkand is the Mausoleum of Ak-Saray. Externally, there is no attractive exterior decoration and the dome was not completed. However, the inner interior does not conform to the outer design - large richly gilded fragments of ornamental paintings in the “kundal” style (laying paints with gold covers on the relief ornament) remain on its walls, sails, and dome. The relief, gold and wide colour gamut of vegetative patterns remind of rich carpet fabrics. Locals say some headless person is buried in the special niche by the eastern wall. It might be a tomb of Ulugbek’s son Abdul Latif who was executed for murder of his father. Location: Registan Street, Samarkand 38 kztg1.indd 38 1/13/2016 10:30:52 AM

Historic Sites Imam al-Bukhari Mausoleum The mausoleum of Imam al-Bukhari in Samarkand is a very impressive sight. It is a masterpiece of modern Uzbek architecture based on traditional oriental style. The mausoleum of Imam al-Bukhari lies straight ahead. Inside the mausoleum of Imam al-Bukhari there is a marble tomb, but the real AGRICULTURE burial site of Imam al-Bukhari is actually below that tomb. The rectangular tomb is cased in polished marble of many colours, and before it, is the gravestone, Arabic words carved upon it briefly summarizing the Imam’s life. Location: Northeast of M-37, Samarkand Coordinates: 39.8149545785 66.9447555604 Khodja Akhror Ensemble This site is the grave for the “Naqshbandiyya” Sufi order’s leader. “He is the Khodja of Khodjas” the person who knows the importance of the people. Khodja Akhror was buried near Samarkand, white stone and epitaphs were on the grave of Khodja. It is an important pilgrimage place as it was believe to be one of the sacred cemeteries of Muslims. Nodir Divan Begi, one of the rulers of Samarkand in 1630, ordered to construct a madrassah and mosque, now being reconstructed as the Ayvan and Minaret. Location: Rudakiy Street M-37, Samarkand 39 kztg1.indd 39 1/13/2016 10:30:54 AM

Historic Sites Ishrat-Khan Mausoleum Ishrat-khan which means “House of Joy” is a remarkable monument in the second half HIGHLIGHT a burial place for women of aristocratic or of the 14 century. Legends told that it was th a family burial place. The place was never renovated after the earthquake on 19th century when Tamerlane’s grandson Ulugbek rushed into the hall forcing everyone to leave the hall, in accordance with horoscope, his grandfather Amir Temur is in danger during the feast in Ishrat-khan. Not long after they left, earthquake ruined part of the mausoleum. Although the monument was never renovated, you will still be impressed with their architectural harmony. Location: Southeast of Registan Square, Samarkand Ruhabad Mausoleum Sheikh Burkhan ad-Din Sagardji who was highly respected by contemporaries of Temur, his wife Bibi-Halifa and their ten children were buried here. Burkhan ad-Din Sagardji had a righteous mode of life and was respected for his high moral qualities. He was married to a Chinese Princess and died in China. The body of the saint was brought to Samarkand and buried here with his children. It was Sagardji who personally asked to bury him in Samarkand which he called “the city of God”. Legend says that under the dome there is a box containing seven hairs of the Prophet Mohammed. The laconic domed Ruhabad mausoleum (“The Abode of Spirit”) is located near the Gur-Emir mausoleum. Location: Registan Street, Samarkand Coordinates: 39° 39’ 3.14” N 66° 58’ 5.69” E 40 kztg1.indd 40 1/13/2016 10:30:56 AM

Historic Sites Bibi Khanum Mosque After his Indian campaign in 1399, Temur decided to undertake the construction of a gigantic mosque in his new capital, Samarkand. The Bibi Khanum mosque, dedicated to his wife Bibi, was built using precious stones captured during Amir Temur’s conquest in India. This immense edifice was once the largest structure ever built using unfired, un-reinforced mud AGRICULTURE brick. Bibi was buried in a tomb located in a madrassah complex just across the main road which leads from the old city of Afrosiab to the center of the Temurid city at the Registan. (The tomb is currently being restored) As Blair and Bloom suggest, “Temur’s mosque was designed not only to continue Iranian imperial tradition, but also to symbolize his conquest of the world.” Location: Tashkent Road, Samarkand Coordinates: 39° 39’ 38.84” N 66° 58’ 44.85” E Shah-I-Zinda Ensemble The Shah-I-Zinda, meaning “The living king” in the northeastern part of the ensemble. This is a world famous necropolis which includes unique complex of Shah-I-Zinda was formed th th mausoleums and other ritual buildings of the over nine (from 11 till 19 ) centuries and now 9th, 14 and 19 centuries. It is not only the includes more than twenty buildings. th th oldest monument in Islamic architecture it is also an important pilgrimage site in Samarkand Location: Rudakiy Road, M-37, Samarkand for both locals and tourist. Contact: (+998 71) 2335382 Coordinates: 39° 39’ 47.01” N 66° 59’ 16.83” E The main body of Kusam-ibn-Abbas is situated 41 kztg1.indd 41 1/13/2016 10:30:57 AM

Historic Sites Hazrati (Hizr) Mosque One of the oldest and most legendary HIGHLIGHT HIGHLIGHT built on the hill diagonal to the Bibi Khanum mosques in Uzbekistan is the Hazrati Hizr Mosque in Samarkand. This mosque was Mosque in the 18th century. It was said that Hazrati Hizr was the god of water. Saint Hizr was very famous among the population of Central Asian oases including settled and nomadic people. He was considered to be a giver of good luck, abundance and a kind patron of good people, workers and travellers. The mosque for Hazrati Hizr was erected in Samarkand in the medieval period. Location: Rudakly Road, Samarkand Coordinates: 39° 39’ 47.01” N 66° 59’ 16.83” E Ulugbek Observatory After Mirzo Ulugbek’s death, the observatory With amazing accuracy, the length of a star year was destroyed. Only in 1908, archaeologist by Ulugbek’s calculation is equal to 365 days 6 Vyatkin found the very first document where hours 10 minutes 8 seconds whereas the actual the observatory’s location was mentioned. length by modern data is 365 days 6 hours 9 Unfortunately, only underground parts of the minutes 9.6 seconds. The deviation is only less sextant and basis of the building were saved. than a minute despite not having any advanced optical instruments. The Observatory of Ulugbek has been so famous because of the publishing of the “Ulugbek Zidj”, Location: Tashkent Road, Samarkand a book that consists of a theoretical description Contact: (+98866) 2350345 and drawings of about 1,000 celestial bodies. Coordinates: 39° 40’ 30.02” N 67° 0’ 20.41” E 42 kztg1.indd 42 1/13/2016 10:31:02 AM

Museum HIGHLIGHT Samarkand Museum of History The museum is situated on the site of the ancient settlement of Afrasiab, on the road leading from the mosque of Hazrati Hizr to the bridge across the Siab river. The museum displays exhibits illustrating the various periods of the city’s ancient history: ossuary, fragments of ancient swords, knifes, arrows, coins, ceramics and unique frescos th from the 7-8 century palace of the Ilshid of fighting against predators, as well as boats with Samarkand. men and women can be seen on northern wall. Excavated in 1965 in the center of the medieval The eastern wall instead shows young men city behind the third fortification, the palace swimming in the sea, birds and animals. The occupied more than 1 hectare. The roof of its wall behind the llshid’s throne portrays a throne hall was supported by wooden columns, parade of the Chinese, Chaganian, Chach and and its southern wall decorated with paintings East Turkistan embassies. The palace was of a wedding embassy to llshid Varkhuman reconstructed several times and destroyed in which is from the second half of the 7 century. the century. th 8th The parade is led by the bride - the Chaganian Address: Samarkand, Tashkentskaya str. Governor’s daughter - riding on a white elephant Phone:(+998 66) 235-53-36 and accompanied by friends and dignitaries Working hours: from 09:00 a.m. to 05:00 p.m. on camels and horses. Scenes of horsemen Samarkand Picture Gallery Samarkand Picture Gallery shows the fine art collection with a Quail’ by Usto Mumin (1897- consisting of about 4,000 paintings, graphic works and 1957) shows a mixture of influences sculptures. from the east, the Italian Renaissance and Russian icons. The exhibits include works by well-known Russian artists such as Alexander Nikolaev, better known as Usto Mumin, In the early works of Boore (1897- as well as Boore, Dudin, Karazin, Nikitin and Vereshaghin, 1943), of which there are about 400 in whose works depict the history and life of the people of the museum, we can see the historic Central Asia. neighbourhoods and architectural monuments of Bukhara and The collections of the museum include seven works by Samarkand and ethnographic studies, Vereshchaghin (1842-1904): ‘Steppe landscape’, ‘Native Uzbek painting of the 20th century Jew’, ‘Singer with dutar’, ‘Steppe hunters’, ‘The Mulfah is represented by works by Benkov, at a School’, ‘Mirza-bek, Envoy of the Bukhara Amir’ and Kovafevskaya, Ahmedov, Djalolov, ‘The Palace of the Amir, Samarkand’. Isaev, Kalonov and Chariev. Dudin’s (1863-19-29) painting ‘The Dervish’ is an Address: Art Gallery, Central Park ethnographic representation of a Muslim ascetic of the beginning of the 20 century. The symbolic painting ‘Boy Tel.: (+ 998 662) 33 51 43 th 43 kztg1.indd 43 1/13/2016 10:31:03 AM

Museum HIGHLIGHT HIGHLIGHT Samarkand Paper Work Shop Uzbek writer and scholar, Alisher Navoi called paper “wings that spread around the thoughts of wise men”. Here, as many centuries ago, one can see with one’s own eyes the process of manually producing the famous Samarkand paper in accordance with the old technology. In 650, the soldiers who escaped Chinese captivity created the first paper. The first paper mill in Baghdad appeared only half a century after paper production was started in Samarkand. Samarkand paper with its high quality forced out from the markets the various kinds of Egyptian paper and leather. Location: Konigil village (10km away from the centre of Samarkand, on the way to Bukhara) Coordinates:39.6675911929, 67.0075108206 Museum of History and Art of Uzbek People The Samarkand Museum of History and Art of the Uzbek People is one of the oldest and largest museums in Central Asia. Opened in 1896, it is situated in a separate building next to the Registan square since 1978. The museum houses around 200,000 exhibits, including collections of archaeology, numismatics, ethnography, manuscripts and historical documents covering the history and culture of the region from the early and middle Paleolithic ages to the beginning of the 20 century. th Location: Mahmud Qashqariy Ko’chasi, Samarkand Coordinates: 39.6545082737, 66.951399008 44 kztg1.indd 44 1/13/2016 10:31:04 AM

Shopping Central Departmental Store Shopping in Registan Square Central Departmental Store has been voted as Plenty of designer shops can be found along the the best departmental store in Samarkand. A stretch. Unique designs of clothing as well as variety of brands in the premise such as Nike, souvenirs are also available. Adidas and other international brands are available here. Location: Mirzo Ulugbek Stree, Samarkand Coordinates: 39.6553012484, 66.9573856985 Location: Mirzo Ulugbek Street, Samarkand HIGHLIGHT Operation Hour: 11am – 8pm Coordinates: 39.6553012484, 66.9573856985 Registan Supermarket This place is well known for their craft products such as ceramic. Textiles and various selection of carved wood are sold as souvenirs. Location: Mirzo Ulugbek Street, Samarkand Operation Hour: 10am – 2pm Coordinates: 39.6553012484, 66.9573856985 Tashkent Street in Samarkand You will find yourself snaking around to find unique antiques as souvenirs along this long stretch of stalls. Location: Tashkent Road, In front of Bibi Kahnum Mosque Coordinates: 39.659269358, 66.9804301648 Samarkand Carpet Workshop At the Registan, look out for the Samarkand Ceramics Workshop, one of the few places still practicing the Samarkand school of ceramic making. Location: Registan Tilla-Kari Medressa, Samarkand Operating Hour: 10am – 3pm Coordinates: 39.6618429425, 66.9922758734 Siyab Bazaar Siyab Bazzar is covered with a dome. Do not be afraid of the communication barrier that you might face, walk down the bazaar to experience the life of the locals. Samarkanids are very friendly. Location: Tashkent Road, Samarkand Operation Hour: 10am – 3pm Coordinates: 39.6622757985, 66.9802155881 45 kztg1.indd 45 1/13/2016 10:31:07 AM

Eating Out Doston House Address: Kokili Kalon Street, Samarkand Contact: (+99865) 223 6787; (+99865) 190 2755 Opening hours: 9am – 6pm HIGHLIGHT Istiqlol Restaurant Address: 157, Amir Temur Street, Samarkand Contact: (+99866) 222 9083 Karimbek Restaurant Address: 194, Gagarina Street, Samarkand Contact: (+99866) 221 2756 Opening hours: 8am – 11pm Astoria Restaurant Address: 14, Amir Temur Street, Samarkand Contact: (+99866) 310 0004 Opening hours: 11am – 12am National House “Muborak Sharipovna” Address: 16, Turon Street, Samarkand Contact: (+99866) 237 4621 Old City Restaurant Address: 100/1, A. Jomiy Street, Samarkand Contact: (+99866) 233 8020 Opening hours: 10am – 11pm Old Arba Restaurant Address: 92, M.Kashgariy, Samarkand Contact: (+99866) 233 0577 Opening hours: 9am – 12am Venezia Restaurant Address: 27, Uzbekistan Street, Samarkand Contact: (+99866) 233 4322 Opening hours: 11am – 11pm Samarkand Restaurant Address: 54, M. Koshgariy Street, Samarkand Contact: (+99866) 233 3591 Opening hours: 10am – 11pm Paradise Land Restaurant Address: 32, Nodira Begim Street, Samarkand Contact: (+99866) 221 1985/ (+99866) 267 4085 Opening hours: 11am – 2am Platan Restaurant Address: 2, Pushkin Street, Samarkand Contact: (+99866) 233 8049 Opening hours: 10am – 11pm Registan Restaurant Address: 5, Registanskaya Street, Samarkand Contact: (+99890) 742 1548 Opening hours: 8am – 11pm 46 kztg1.indd 46 1/13/2016 10:31:08 AM

Accomodation Advantage Hotel Address: 2A, Benkov Street., Samarkand, Uzbekistan HIGHLIGHT Antica B&B Address: 56 - 58 Iskandarov Street, 703012 Samarkand Hotel Samarkand Plaza Central Samarkand Hotel Address: Dagbitskaya Rudaki Street, Address: 1, Kuk-Saray square, Samarkand Samarkand Contact: (+998 66) 2310211, Contact: (+998-66) 2324099 (+998 66) 2334534 Website: www.hotelsamarkand-plaza.com Website: www.hcentral.5u.com E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Orient Star Samarkand Address: 33, Dagbitskaya Street, 703000 Samarkand Contact: (+998-662) 35-27-16 / (+998 66) 35-89-62 E-mail: [email protected] B&B Dilshoda Address: 150, Oksaroy Street, 140104 Samarkand Contact: (+998 66) 235 03 87 Website: www.hotel-dilshoda.com Regal Palace Samarkand Address: Vohid Abdullo Sreet 1, 140130 Samarkand Contact: (+99866) 232 9999 / (+998 66) 233 9999 Website: www.theregalpalace.com E-mail: [email protected] B&B Sevara 1 Hotel Address: 7, Shokirbekova, Samarkand B&B Timur The Great Address: 84, Bukharskaya Street, 703011 Samarkand 47 kztg1.indd 47 1/13/2016 10:31:09 AM

Historic Sites Hotel Grand Samarkand Address: 38, Yalangtush Street, Samarkand Contact: (+998 66) 233-28-80, 233-62-98 Website: www.grand-samarqand.com HIGHLIGHT The Hotel Uzbegim Plaza E-mail: [email protected] Address: 32, Arifbaev Street, 130140 Samarkand Contact: +998662322640 Hotel Dilshoda Address: 150, Oqsaroy Street, 140104 Samarkand Contact: (+998 66) 235-03-87 / (+998 66) 231-03-18 E-mail: [email protected] Sherdor Hotel Address: Koshgari Street 91, 140100 Samarkand Contact: (+998 66) 233-36-33 / (+998 66) 233-28-18 Website: www.sherdor.com E-mail: [email protected] Hotel Asia Samarkand Address: 50, Qosh-Hauz Street, Samarkand Contact: (+99866) 235-82-30 Shaxzoda Lux Hotel Address: 15, Atahodzhaeva Street, 140100 Samarkand Contact: (+99871) 200-4455 48 kztg1.indd 48 1/13/2016 10:31:12 AM

Entertainment Sharq Taronalari This festival has been held since 1997 by the of the best achievements of traditional music, initiative of the President of the Republic of education of the young generation in the Uzbekistan Islam Karimov and under the patronage spirit of continuing national traditions and of UNESCO. further expanding its international creative communications. “Sharq taronalari” takes place biennially under the support of the Ministry of Culture and Sports The programme of “Sharq taronalari” HIGHLIGHT Affairs of Uzbekistan, the Ministry of Foreign festival includes contest of traditional music Affairs of Uzbekistan, National Television performers from different countries, as well Broadcasting Company of Uzbekistan, Pop music as scientific and practical conference with union “Uzbeknavo”, the Union of Composers of musicologists, composers and performers. Uzbekistan, and Samarkand regional government. Location: Registan Square, Samarkand City The main goals and objectives of the festival are: GPS: N 39.39.19 E 66.57.26 wide popularization, preservation and development Regional Puppet Theatre The regional puppet theater of a name of A.Dzhurayev is founded in 1978. There are 65 staff units there in the theater and 53 positions are occupied by art workers and technical specialists. Loved by adults and also children, this theatre is a favourite venue for locals of Samarkand to spend time watching puppet performances with their families. Location: 51 Mustaqillik str, Samarkand Tel: (366) 233 59 59 / 233 09 96 49 kztg1.indd 49 1/13/2016 10:31:15 AM

Intro TASHKENT HIGHLIGHT From ancient times, Tashkent was known complex, the Kaffal Shashi Mausoleums, and the Yunus-Khan Mausoleum. The view of Kulkeldash as “Chach”. Later, the province came to Madrassah demonstrates one of the very prominent be known as Chachkand, meaning ‘Chach features of modern Tashkent with its amazing City’. However, in the mid-7 century under th the Samanid Dynasty, it adopted the name many-sided feature. Binkath. The Arabs however, retained the old name but pronounced it as ‘Al-Shash’. 1966 when a massive earthquake hits vast areas of Eventually, after a string of name changes, However, Tashkent was changed forever in April the name Tashkent was used because it had the town and left 30,000 people homeless. more meaning to the new inhabitants as it meant ‘Stone City’ when translated literally. Since 1991, drastic changes occurred economically, culturally, and architecturally in Tashkent. The Tashkent, central capital of Uzbekistan has largest statue ever erected for Lenin was replaced been playing an important role in Central Asia with a globe at the Amir Timur Complex complete and has been the leading center of the Great with a geographical map of Uzbekistan. Buildings Silk Road linking east to west, north to south. from the Soviet era have been replaced with new, The city used to be famous in the east and modern buildings. One example is the “Downtown west for its scientists, architects and poets. Tashkent” district which includes the 22-storey NBU Bank building, the Intercontinental Hotel, Archaeologists identified some significant the International Business Center, and the Plaza archaeological objects in the territory of Building. Tashkent which are different compared to other regions as they are more commercial Despite their eccentric history, Tashkent today is oriented. Among them are - the Kulkeldash the attractive and vibrant capital of Uzbekistan with Madrassah, the Barak-Khan Madrassah super modern constructions and skyscrapers. 50 kztg2.indd 50 1/13/2016 10:30:57 AM