Effingham_KVN August 2017

HEY! THIS PAPER BELONGS TO: ©© Effingham County’s Fun Family Newspaper • August 2017GENETICS AND YOU INSIDE: Kids movie reviews Community Calendar Puzzles & More! F REE

I’m NOT scared of shots! Going to the doctor to get a shot doesn’t 3. You can distract yourself for a minute! If you’re nervoushave to be scary! Here’s what you need to about getting your shot, talk to your parents about somethingknow about shots so you can be brave at else. It will help keep you calm and take your mind off the shot.the doctor’s office: 4. Smile! It’s hard to be scared or nervous if you’re smiling. So 1. Shots are good for you! Shots are just a way to make sure even if you’re really scared about getting the shot, just keep smil-your body has the medicine it needs to help fight off diseases. The ing and it will help you be brave.small needle puts the medicine under your skin so your body canbuild up strength against diseases. 5. Talk to your parents! If you’re really scared, tell your par- ents about it before you go to the doctor. Maybe you want to hold 2. They don’t take long! When the doctor or nurse sticks you your parent’s hand while you are getting your shot, or bring a fa-with the needle it will hurt a little bit, but only for a minute and vorite toy or game to hold and look at. Work out a plan together.then the pain will go away. The next time you go to the doctor to get a shot, you can surprise your parents and the nurses by staying calm and being brave. 445599HHwwyy111199 SSoouutthh •• SSpringfield, GA ((991122)) 7754-6451 wwwwww..EEffffiinngghhaamHealth.orgPAGE 2 EFFINGHAM COUNTY KIDSVILLE NEWS! AUGUST 2017

A FUN FAMILY NEWSPAPER Hi, Kids! EDITOR tcIfao“atwosrohrCdencwctfeaa.oaiu“ddarsetHCRynseesnea.tieunadnottainnlevniegntsdidaerucmttmmuioetsrhsyiarxasoooihewicllannnursaiCnbieetgstvticuoesh”nheotevnshtgnossleihnmeeencutrpieciaiResnemewectraseagintonsooneinnspcoenndoastellndoie.disf!rksseeapbT”osaebrainefhliechinsodyreakdacttaenihliielnawaenrl.abrsgafhacDsrsoroboataeuoaruioltnsmrgonfttumadio.rntatml,Mh.ecagtthRgiihhokaosteeeeueohnniniassgoinyRsddihsueenospritvsnmnefeaetaacegthrnnonhieiaesdcoredncseedchatrwsr,eaendtkuoalblaciielrrngniosectkniiiuaotsaqsthtotdtunursaniesdaettsseis?tiIt,w.tantsoAfaWreafrlttoirleihahaeomrdernistelp.eeolrmafsniattdse Truman yliClseHbsoeparueaaooIertrrbmSn-cwhnMosciioieeunuimnpeaesmgti.ngenodsaUnmtraoyhibeossoemeuoitnaunsrfmueab!gaaatmoaonrrgtunefehdieltstewynehHgsa.neoereNnotjoroitmddkecuhyiiapioosinfnnnfastgeeghdgmrlrsteieeeokprrnscetlcfgttehiiuHnrgseaos,rdnol.uosttmh“cupiasWoepsortynessiiHlnn.haodearontvecbhpietlieeliloeoist”fno,tshese [email protected] Subscribe “Free” online at w w w.kidsvillenews.com/Cumberland SALES & MARKETING BArnigtytaenMi Hororiwsoelnl bahmoowrreisllo@[email protected] Christy Scroggs [email protected] Kim Dennis [email protected] PUBLISHER Bill Bowman [email protected] NATIONAL EDITOR Janice Butler [email protected] ASSOCIATE EDITOR Stephanie Crider [email protected] For advertising information, please call (912) 826-5012©Copyright 2008 Kidsville News! Inc., All Rights Reserved.Truman is a service mark of Kidsville News! Inc., and theKidsville News! logo is a registered trademark of KidsvilleNews! Inc. No part of this issue of Kidsville News! may bereproduced in whole or in part in any form without permis-sion of the publisher or the copyright holder. Neither par-ticipating advertisers nor the publishers will be responsible orliable for misinformation, misprints, or typographical errors.The publishers reserve the right to edit any submitted mate-rial. Kidsville News! Inc. is not responsible for unsolicitedmanuscripts, artwork, or other material. Children's submis-sions should include name, address, telephone number, andpermission to publish signed by a parent or guardian. Gee,Thanks! According to WorldAtlas. KDindoYwou? com, the largest city park in the world is Bosque de la Primavera in Guadalajara, Mexico. At 74,132 acres, Bosque de la Primavera is more than 14,000 acres larger than the world’s second largest city park, Table Mountain in Cape Town, South Africa. Bosque de la Primavera features the Rio Caliente, a geothermal river, and is home to a massive nature preserve inhabited by wild animals. The largest city park in the United States and fifth largest such park in the world is the McDowell Sonoran Preserve in Scottsdale, Arizona. The McDowell Sonoran Preserve includes 180 miles of hiking trails within its 27,800 acres. And while it might be one of the most recognizable city parks in the world, New York City’s Central Park is not counted among the world’s 20 largest city parks, despite estimates that it draws more than 40 million visitors each year. However, it is one of the most visited places in the United States.AUGUST 2017 EFFINGHAM COUNTY KIDSVILLE NEWS! PAGE 3

Genetics Why I have green eyes What makes a rose red rather than pink? A dog’s tail short rather than long? A person’s eyes brown rather than blue? All these factors (and many more) are decided by genetics. Why I’m 5”6 Why I Why my have hair never acne behavesWhat makes a rose red rather than pink? genetically modify plants, not just track traits. In they are vulnerable to certain illnesses and see 1983, a farmer inserted an antibiotic-resistant where their ancestors originated! Someday, weA dog’s tail short rather than long? A person’s gene into a tobacco plant. This was the beginning may be able to use genetics to help keep peopleeyes brown rather than blue? All these factors of genetically engineered plants. Now, it is healthier so they can live longer lives.(and many more) are decided by genetics. Every common to do this, so crops become resistant toorganism is made of cells, and it is inside these certain pests and diseases. Some plants can be While genetic engineering is a relatively newcells that the genetic material lives. modified in other ways, too. In China, researchers science, farmers have been using genetics for have figured out a way to genetically modify rice. tens of thousands of years. Breeding plants and In the 1850s and ‘60s, Gregor Mendel used By inserting nutrients into the developing seed, animals to bring out desired traits is nothing new.pea plants to track traits like plant height, pod they’ve produced rice that could potentially That’s how people domesticated animals. Thereshape and color, seed shape and color and flower decrease the risk of certain cancers as well as heart is evidence dating back to 9000 BCE that suggestsposition and color. He tracked changes from disease and other illnesses. this is when people domesticated sheep, cows,generation to generation. By doing this, Mendel pigs and goats. It’s how people developed cropsnoticed that certain traits were dominant and Scientists are applying this knowledge to human thousands of years ago, too. Around 10,500 BCE,others were recessive. Mendel is now considered genetics, too. With a flake of skin, a drop of blood, villages in Southwest Asia appear to be the firstthe founder of the science of genetics. a piece of hair or a sample of saliva, they can to have planned and harvested plants that were explain why someone has physical traits, see if previously found only in the wild. The study of genetics has come a long waysince then. Scientists have figured out how to Source Images © by jonnyc4 and anderpup - Vecteezy.comPAGE 4 EFFINGHAM COUNTY KIDSVILLE NEWS! AUGUST 2017

Homo Habilis Homo Erectus Homo Homo Neanderthalensis Sapiens Hominids Kingdom: Animalia Suborder: Haplorhini Phylum: Chordata Family: Hominidae Class: Mammalia Genus: Homo Order: Primates Species: H. sapiens HumansarescientificallyclassifiedasHomo • Neanderthals are named after the town where • Their brains were larger than ours, so manysapiens. This means that humans are part of the the first fossils were found, Neander Valley. believe they were intelligent.Hominidaefamily.Thousandsofyearsago,there • They went extinct in 30,000 BCE. • They made tools and lived in complicated socialwereothermembersoftheHominidaefamilyalive • Scientists are not sure why they went extinct. groups.aswell. • Some modern humans have Neanderthal DNA • Scientists think that they may have used Fossils are classified into species like Homo and ancestors. language.Habilis, Cro-Magnon, Homo erectus and • The first Neanderthal fossil was found in 1856 • They also made cave art and buried their deadNeanderthal. These other members of the in Germany. with ceremonies.Hominidae family are often called early man; • They have thicker bones than modern-day • Neanderthals ate mostly meat and used toolsmany scientists refer to members of this family humans and were shorter. like axes and spears to hunt large animals.asHominids.TheseotherHominidssharesome • They were much stronger than modern humanssimilaritieswithus. Forexample,theyoftenwalked are. Studying these fossils is important because it canupright,survivedashunter-gatherersandusedtools • Males were usually 5’5”, and females were tellscientistsalotaboutcurrenthumans.Scientistsand fire. Neanderthals, or Homo Neandertalensis, 5’1”. are comparing DNA from Neanderthals and modernaretheclosestextinctrelativestohumans.Theyare • They lived in Europe and southwestern to humanstodeterminewhatmakesusunique.believedtohavemadethefirstexamplesofmodern Central Asia. Another important question is why these earlyhuman fossils ever found. hominids went extinct. There are many different theories like climate change, conflict with modern For more information visit the following sites: humans and being more vulnerable to famine. Even http://www.teenink.com/nonfiction/academic/article/365903/Animals-In-Ancient-Mesopotamian-Life/ though life was very different for Neanderthals than https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/domestication/ it is for us now, their past can help us in our future. https://sites.google.com/site/1ancientcivilizationsforkids/ancient-iraq-mesopotamiaAUGUST 2017 EFFINGHAM COUNTY KIDSVILLE NEWS! PAGE 5

ItalyWhere in the world: Italy is a European country famous • Rome is the biggest city in Italy Neanderthal for many things. It is known for its food, history and art. Italy has a long and has a population of 2.6 DNA history with some of the world’s most powerful societies. The Greeks million. in Italy and Etruscans emerged in Italy around 800 BCE. For hundreds of • Rome is nicknamed “Eternal City.” The people of Italy have played in Italy. The oldest Neanderthal years, Italy was made of small city- • The population of the country is a very important role in human fossil ever found is 200,000 years states. One of these city-states was history. The Greeks and Romans old, but this skeleton is special called Rome. That single city-state 61.6 million. developed different kinds of because scientists have been grew into the Roman Empire, which art, government, philosophy able to extract Neanderthal DNA conquered all the Italian Peninsula • The money is the euro. and science. Italy was also the from the right shoulder blade. and much more land beyond. After • The language is Italian. heart of the Renaissance and The skeleton was originally found Rome fell in 395 A.D., Italy was • The area of the country is revolutionized philosophy, in 1993, but technology has only divided and ruled by foreign tribes. It science and art. A recent recently been able to extract reunited into a single country 116,324 square miles. discovery from Italy may change the DNA, making this the oldest in 1861. the way we think about human Neanderthal DNA ever extracted. • There are four major rivers: Po, history again. Researchers found This skeleton is also one of the • On a map, Italy looks like a boot a 130,000 to 170,000-year-old most intact ever found. Adige, Arno and Tiber. Neanderthal skeleton in a cave kicking a small ball. • The top of Italy is in the Alps For more information, visit the following sites: • The small ball is the island of https://www.livescience.com/50458-oldest-neanderthal-dna-found.html mountain range. http://kids.nationalgeographic.com/explore/countries/italy/#italy-coliseum.jpg Sicily. • The bottom of the boot also has http://www.kids-world-travel-guide.com/italy-facts.html • Italy is a peninsula, which means mountains. They are called The Images © Created by zhaolifang, biggorilla298 - Vecteezy.com water surrounds it on three sides. Apennines. • It is surrounded by the Adriatic • There are three active volcanoes Sea, the Tyrrhenian Sea and the Mediterranean Sea. in Italy: Vesuvius, Etna and • The capital is Rome. Stromboli. • Italy surrounds two of the world’s smallest countries. These two countries are San Marino, the oldest republic in the world, and Vatican City in Rome.PAGE 6 EFFINGHAM COUNTY KIDSVILLE NEWS! AUGUST 2017

a Genealogist?Please tell our readers a little bit about How did you become interested in thisyourself. work? My name is Megan Smolenyak. I’m a self- It was a sixth-grade homework assignment that What is your favorite thingemployed professional genealogist, or as I got me started with genealogy. Our teacher, Mrs. about your job?sometimes say, a “genie.” I mostly work out of my Berkowitz, told us to ask our parents where ourhome in Florida but also love any excuse to travel. surnames were from. When we came back the I get to wake up and solve mysteries for a livingAnd I’m a geek. Libraries and archives are heaven next day, she had a map of the world on the wall every day. How cool is that? I absolutely loveto me! and instructed us to put our names on slips of what I do and consider myself beyond fortunate. paper and tack them up in our country of origin.What does a genealogist do? I remember feeling sorry for my classmates because most of them were crowded around the Many genealogists specialize, but I dabble British Isles, but I (slightly misinformed by myin a lot of areas, so I research, write books and dad) had all of Russia to myself. That was thearticles, work on TV shows and speak at events. first time I realized that there was something aThe research — or sleuthing — is at the heart of it little different about my roots, so that sparked myall. It’s mostly what you might call micro-history curiosity and got me started. And it wasn’t long— that is, I dig into the past, but usually focus before I was obsessed!on just one person or family. I also emphasizestory-telling and especially enjoy sharing the tales Why is this work important?of those who have been overlooked or forgotten.For instance, while working on a documentary, I think we owe it to our ancestors to learn theirI became enchanted with Annie Moore, an Irish stories. Frankly, compared to them, most of usteenager who was the first person to ever arrive at today are wimps. What they endured to give us,Ellis Island. I discovered that experts had latched their descendants, the opportunities we haveon to another girl named Annie Moore, so had her today is amazing, and there’s no such thinglife story completely wrong. It took me years, but as a boring family. So if you dig, you will findI tracked down the real Annie and found out what something fascinating!happened to her. Another example is my workwith the Army. I help with the “no man left behind What is one thing you wish everyoneefforts” to identify soldiers who are still missing knew about genealogy and/orfrom World War I, World Ware II, Korea and history?Vietnam, and since I’m an Army brat, this work isvery meaningful to me. They’re American heroes Can I make it two things? First, genealogy isand deserve to be remembered. addicting because it’s your own personal history mystery. You know that feeling you get when your favorite show leaves you with a cliffhanger and you can’t stand waiting for the next season to find out what happened? Genealogy pulls you in the same way. You find one clue, then another, and before you know it, you can’t stop. On the flip side, it’s not quite as easy as the TV shows and commercials make it look. I’ve worked on all the celebrity roots shows, and many are surprised to learn that a typical episode involves 300-1,000 hours of research. Getting it right takes a lot of effort, but that’s fine because it’s so fun! Source Image © Created by/inspired by twilightmoon - Vecteezy.comAUGUST 2017 EFFINGHAM COUNTY KIDSVILLE NEWS! PAGE 7

Iwfhaytouwcoouuldlditdelosoigknliykoeu?r DoCwraonwlfloiatgrhifenorrgeyaonCudrowvrerrintyeeoarwpnacroaugnrtarpyh, about it! A DAY IN Truman Truman’s Tricky Picture Find these items!Enjoy theforwtwhVfweuis.nskiotialdounsutdviroiglWnlaemnaenbeewdss!ismt.ecooarmtelSausmt mbeitr!of www.kidsvillenews.com/cumberland KIDSVILLE NEWS 11 JULY 2009 A: 40PAGE 8 EFFINGHAM COUNTY KIDSVILLE NEWS! AUGUST 2017

WRhoenaThurndser WhenThunderRoars,GoIndoors! Here is how to keep yourself safeGo Indoors! 40% Soccer Lightning Fatalities Did you know that if you hear from lightning: 27% Golf for Outdoor Sports 17% Running thunder, you are in danger? Don’t When you hear thunder, even a befooledbyblueskies.Ifyouhear distant rumble, know lightning is likely thunder,lightningiscloseenoughto within striking distance. Lightning poseanimmediatethreat.Thereare threats can extend 10 miles from the about25millionlightningstrikesin storm. You should go to a safe place theUnitedStateseachyear.While immediately, including a house, large lightningisfascinatingtowatch,it’s building or a car with a metal roof, to 10% Basketball importanttorememberthatlightning protect you from lightning. canalsobeverydangerous.About50 When you are inside, stay away peoplearekilledbylightningeachyear from windows and doors and do not 8% Football intheUnitedStates,buthundredsare touch anything that is plugged into an ? 3% Other permanently injured. electrical outlet. Do not use a corded Lightningisagiantsparkofelectricity telephone, but cell phones are safe. thatoccurseitherinacloudorbetween Stay away from sinks and do acloudandtheground.Thunderisthe not take a shower or bath during a Step 1 soundmadebylightningasitheats thunderstorm. the air to as much as 50,000 degrees Leave the field immediately. Fahrenheit. Did you know that is five Never go back outside until 30 minutes after the last sound of timeshotterthanthesurfaceofthe thunder. sun?Thismakeslightingverypowerful Remember, “When Thunder Roars, andveryhazardous.Whenlightning Go Indoors.” If you’re deaf or hard of strikesahome,itcancreateenough hearing, then remember. Step 2 heattoigniteafire.Thereisenough “See A Flash? Dash Inside!” electricity in a flash of lightning to Seek shelter in an enclosed power a 100-watt light bulb for about If you can see a flash of lightning, building or car. three months. So, even if it means there is a chance you’re within you have to take a break from playing, striking distance and should go inside immediately. SCHOOL swimming or working outside, play it safe. No place outside is safe HOME CAR when thunderstorms You can find more facts about lightning and lightning safety and play Leon’s Lightning Safety game at NOAA’s Lightning are in the area. Safety Web Site www.lightningsafety.noaa.govAUGUST 2017 EFFINGHAM COUNTY KIDSVILLE NEWS! PAGE 9

AUGUST 2017 EFFINGHAM COUNTY KIDSVILLE NEWS! PAGE 10 Ten birds, 20 wings, 20 birds, 40 wings. Students may multiplytwo times the number or they may count by 2’s. Students mayenjoy making up their own problems similar to this problem. Students may notice the pattern going across and down and from this figure out the missing square. Some students may find the answer by looking at the empty square and find its features by process of elimination.A bird has two wings.In your Draw the face that ishead, determine how many wings missing from the boxare on 10 birds. How many wings are on 20 birds? MATHTIME

AWrounOd thRe LD Have you ever heard of the the constellation Canis Major sun, it was considered the hottest Ferragosto is an Italian “Dog Days of Summer?” tradition that goes back It doesn’t actually have (a dog) was chasing the rabbit part of the summer. In reality, it hundreds of years. anything to do with dogs. It Ferragosto is technically on has to do with the stars — one constellation known as Lepus. was not always the hottest part of August 15. It is a Catholic star, specifically. In ancient celebration of the Assumption Greece, people believed that The saying refers to the star Sirius, the season. This part of summer of Mary. But for many, it is the kickoff of their annual vacation. which is the dog’s nose. was also considered a time of During this time, many Italian families leave town. Stores and In late July/early August, when bad luck and misfortune for the restaurants are closed during this time as well. the dog’s nose rose just before the ancient Greeks and Romans. Ferragosto festivities that takeAUGUST 2017 EFFINGHAM COUNTY KIDSVILLE NEWS! place on Aug. 15 include live dance performances, fireworks displays, pageants and games. PAGE 11

Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday 1 23 45 FIRST

Open House for DAY OF Effingham County SCHOOL!! Elementary Schools, 4-7 p.m.678 9 10 11 12 Dog Days Family Game Time 4:30 p.m. 3 p.m. Rincon Library Springfield Library13 14 15 16 17 18 19 What’s the Buzz, 11 a.m. Rincon Library Eclipse 101, 3 p.m. Springfield Library20 21 22 23 24 25 2627 28 29 30 31 www

Become a sponsor and support education and literacy!Thanks to sponsors like you, Kidsville News! is available to educators, parents, andstudents in Effingham County FREE of charge. Our monthly publication is availableat libraries, schools, recreation centers, and businesses throughout the county.Parents and educators love Kidsville News!, because it’s about educationand literacy! Every edition contains activities that support: • Character-building • Math • Cultural Connections • Science • Social Studies • Language Skills CCoonntatcatcAt nBgryiettManoirHrisoown ealtl(9a1t2()981226)-5802162.5fo0r1m2otroe ilnefaorrnmmatioorne.. SSppeecicailalAAsssisgingmnmenetnt for AUugGuUst:ST: Draw us a picture of your favorite summer time activity! (DDeaedaldinlien:eA: AUuGgUusStT1615)[email protected] 14 EFFINGHAM COUNTY KIDSVILLE NEWS! AUGUST 2017

Cultural Connections • Renaissance means rebirth.Italy is known as the birthplace of the Renaissance. • The movement started The Renaissance is a ideas started in Italy and in Florence.period that started in the then spread across Europe. • Wealthy Italian familieslate 14th century and lasted The Renaissance started would support artists tountil the 17th century. This in Italy and then spread show off their wealthperiod is famous for its art. because all the trading that and power.Instead of only focusing happened in Italy. Trading • People supportingon religious stories and made the Italian people artists were calledfigures, artists started to wealthy and made it easy patrons.focus on individual humans for ideas to travel around • Painters startedand human emotions. The the world. Some of the most to capture humanphilosophy that changed famous artists in human emotions in their workand encouraged art was history came from the and made their paintscalled Humanism. These Italian Renaissance. brighter. • Being an artist was The Renaissance lasted for 500 years, but the movement was at highly competitive.its peak in the late 15th and early 16th centuries; this is called the They would competeHigh Renaissance. The most famous and popular artists at the time for jobs.were Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo and Raphael. They are still • Many artists were alsothe most famous Renaissance artists, but the genius da Vinci may scientists, philosophers,be the most famous. As painter, he was famous for being able to inventors andcapture light and shadows in his paintings, but he was not just an mathematicians.artist. He was also known for his interest in medicine, science, math • One of the mostand philosophy. His notebooks show that he designed, but never famous works of artmade, inventions like a parachute, a diving suit and a helicopter. from this period is Michelangelo’s “LastFor more information, visit the following sites: Judgment.” It washttp://www.encyclopedia.com/literature-and-arts/art-and-architecture/european-art-1599/italian-art painted on the Sistinehttp://www.history.com/topics/renaissance-art Chapel in the Vatican.http://www.ducksters.com/history/renaissance.php • The Catholic Church was one of the biggest patrons of the arts. • Renaissance art came in many different mediums, like paintings, sculpture, drawings and architecture. • Greece and Rome inspired many Renaissance artists.AUGUST 2017 EFFINGHAM COUNTY KIDSVILLE NEWS! PAGE 15

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ComeOut&Play Bocce Ball [bow-chay] as in bow tieBocce Ball is an ancient gamethat can be traced back thousandsof years. It is widely consideredthe oldest sport in world history. Here is how to play: must be based on the skill of the players.There is evidence of the gamerecorded as early as 5200 BCE. The • Rulescanbeadjustedfordifferentlevelsof • TeamsthentaketurnsthrowingthelargeBocceGreeks started playing a similargame between 800 and 600 BCE players. Balls at the Pallina.after they learned the game fromthe Egyptians. The Romans learned the game from • Thereshouldbetwoteams. • ThegoalistogettheBocceBallsasclosetothe • Eachteamcanhavefromonetofour Pallina as possible. players, but the teams must have the same number of players. • Theballsmustbethrownunderhand. • Fourballsshouldbedivided • Youcanknockopponent’sballsawayfromthethe Greeks and were the first to play Bocce as we evenly between the players of a team;recognize it today. With the Romans, anyone could there should be eight balls total. Pallina.play the game just about anywhere. It became sopopular that rulers across Europe were worried that • Thereshouldalsobeonesmallerballcalleda • Toscore,theteamwiththeclosestballgetsonethe game was dangerous because it distracted people Pallina. point for every ball that is closer to the Pallinafrom their work. In 1319 A.D., only the nobility could than the other team’s closest ball.play the game. This restriction meant that the game • Theballsforthetwoteamsshouldbedifferentlost popularity. Bocce ball gained and lost popularity so that they can be told apart. • Ifnooneiscloser,thennopointswillbegiven.over the centuries, but it became and stayed an • Repeatthegameuntiloneteamhasscored16international sport after the 1896 Bocce Olympiad. • Thegamecanbeplayedinthedirt,grassoronThe very first Bocce clubs were started in Italy, and points.Italian immigrants brought the game to America. a court. For more information, visit the following sites: • Thelargerthecourt,theharderthegamewill http://worldbocce.org/bocce-history.htm http://usbf.us/history-of-bocce.html be. http://www.backyardbocce.com/basic-rules/ • Thefirstteam,asdecidedbywhowinsthecoin http://worldbocce.org/how-to-play-bocce.htm http://worldbocce.org/how-to-play-bocce.htm toss, should throw the Pallina on to the court. Images © Created by insanity100 and kevenodes - Vecteezy.com • RulescanchangeonhowfarawaythePallinaAUGUST 2017 EFFINGHAM COUNTY KIDSVILLE NEWS! PAGE 17

“Cars 3” is a sponsor (Nathan Fillion), and McQueen is great new chapter not going down without a fight. in the Cars series. While it doesn’t My favorite character in “Cars 3” is Cruz soar to the heights Ramirez. The reveal of a new car being of other Pixar added to Lightning’s crew is exciting. This films, it still is the character’s glowing positivity is a nice best Cars film yet. contrast to McQueen’s snarky pessimism. Cristela Alonzo brings a lot of enthusiasm, but “Cars 3” also plays the deeper sides of this character sees Lightning very well and engages you in the evolution of McQueen (Owen Cruz Ramirez throughout the movie. Wilson) undergo a series of losses The animation in “Cars 3” is great. No message. It’s one of my favorite Pixar shorts and then a near other film succeeds in making everyday to date. I recommend “Cars 3” for ages 5 to fatal crash. His objects feel truly human as well as this 12. The scene where Lightning McQueen fellow racers are franchise does. This gives it a sense of crashes is quite intense and could scare dropping out and realism and puts me more in tune with younger children. I give this film 4 out being replaced by characters’ emotions and makes me care of 5 stars. new, high-tech more about them in the process. The cars like his rival Jackson Storm (Armie backgrounds in this film are gorgeous. Hammer). McQueen realizes during his They’re detailed, picturesque and really recovery that the game has changed, and reflect the quality of Pixar’s animation. The he’s not the sharp rookie he used to be. He total effect makes me envy the characters knows he needs to train harder than he and wish I could visit them in their rich, ever has to keep doing what he loves. With colorful world. the help of trainer Cruz Ramirez (Cristela Alonzo), McQueen plans to beat Storm at Preceding “Cars 3” is the short film an upcoming race in Florida to start off the “Lou” about a creature made out of objects season. This is his last chance to prove his from a school lost-and-found bin. It’s an worth to his fans and his new corporate interesting concept and carries an importantPAGE 18 EFFINGHAM COUNTY KIDSVILLE NEWS! AUGUST 2017

WHAT CAN WE LEARN FROM LIGHT? By Teagan Wall Different types of light have different frequencies. Radio waves are very low frequency waves, while gamma rays and X-rays are very high frequency waves. Visible light — the kind of light that we can see with our eyes — falls in the middle of the spectrum. Image credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech When you look up at the night sky and see stars, what you’re seeing is light produced by those stars many years ago. Because this is how we study the stars, it helps to know a few cool things about light. For example, light always travels at a constant speed, called the speed of light. It doesn’t matter if the star giving off light is moving towards us or away from us. This is different than most things. Think of riding a skateboard while throwing a baseball. If the skateboard is moving toward the target when you throw the ball, the speed of the skateboard and the speed of the thrown ball combine. This means that the ball travels faster than it would have if you just threw the ball while standing still. But, if the skateboard is traveling away from the target when you throw the ball, the ball travels slower than it would have if you threw it while standing still. With light, though, it doesn’t matter how fast the skateboard is moving; the light will always travel at the same speed. Another fun fact about light is that it is made out of waves — kind of like the waves in the ocean — and those waves can come in different frequencies. The frequency measures how many peaks of a wave pass a certain point within a set amount of time. To understand how this works, think of a beach. If only one wave washes up on shore every minute, that’s pretty slow, or a low frequency. If one wave washes up every second, that’s more frequent. We’d say that those waves have a higher frequency. With light, the frequency determines the color or type of light. We can see the colors of the rainbow: red through violet. Red is low frequency light and violet is higher frequency. There are also types of light that we can’t see that have a higher or lower frequency than the waves of visual light. We can use special telescopes to “see” these types of light coming from space, too! And these telescopes help NASA scientists to understand the stars and universe! Learn more about light! Visit the NASA Space Place: https://spaceplace.nasa.gov/photon-pileup Photo by Christopher MorseAUGUST 2017 EFFINGHAM COUNTY KIDSVILLE NEWS! PAGE 19

Kidsville KitchenA “knuckle sandwich” worth eatingDessert means different things todifferent people. Some may prefer apiece of cake, while others consider acup of coffee to be the ideal capper to adelicious meal.Sandwiches may not be the first thingto come to mind when the dessert trayis rolled out, but this delicious recipefor a “Knuckle Sandwich” from BobBlumer’s “Surreal Gourmet Bites” issure to please dessert lovers who wantto expand their horizons. Knuckle Sandwich Yields 12 bites 1/2 cup whole hazelnuts, ideally blanched (skinned) 2 tablespoons butter 2 pears, skin on, cut into 1⁄8-inch-thick slices, then cored 1 store-bought pound cake 6 tablespoons Nutella or other chocolate-hazelnut spread Preheat oven to 350 0 F. Put hazelnuts on a baking sheet and bake for 12 minutes or until they begin to brown. If hazelnuts are still in their skins, bake until skins begin to darken, or for blanched nuts, until they turn golden. Remove from oven and let cool. If hazelnuts are still in their skins, place nuts in the center of a clean dish towel, fold the towel around the nuts and rub vigorously between both hands for 15 seconds to release the skins. Discard skins and reserve the nuts. In a sauté pan over medium heat (err on the low side of medium), melt butter and sauté pear slices for approximately 5 minutes per side or until they begin to brown. Reserve. Cut six slices of pound cake, 1⁄4-inch thick. Toast the pound cake in a toaster oven or on a baking sheet in a 3000 F oven. (It will fall apart in an upright toaster.) Smear three cake slices with Nutella or chocolate-hazelnut spread. Cover entire Nutella/spread surface with hazelnuts, and then press them into the Nutella/spread. Top with a layer of pear slices and cover with second slice of pound cake. Secure each knuckle sandwich with four toothpicks, and cut into four pieces.PAGE 20 EFFINGHAM COUNTY KIDSVILLE NEWS! AUGUST 2017

BEGINNER READS 1-2-3: A Child's First Counting A Couple of Boys Have the Best Week Book Ever By Alison Jay By Marla Frazee For ages 0-3 For ages 4-7 Each page represents a number and James and his friend Eamon spend a also offers delightful hidden surprises. week with Eamon's grandparents, Bill and Every page is a scavenger hunt with Pam. Each day Bill drives them to camp tons of little details tucked into the where they seem underwhelmed by the nooks and crannies of the illustrations activities. Bill, an Antarctica buff, wants that reinforce that page's number. to take the boys to the penguin exhibit at Children (and their parents) will enjoy the Natural History Museum, but they'd recognizing characters they know well. rather stay home and watch TV.PAGETURNERS Hero By Mike Lupica Kate and the Beanstalk For ages 8-12 By Mary Pope Osborne For ages 5-9 Fourteen-year-old Zach Harriman knows he has a pretty amazing dad. He Like Jack of old, Kate sets out to sell accepts that his dad’s job as a govern- the cow and ends up trading it for a ment agent with a high security clear- handful of magic beans. She tosses the ance means that Zachary must be kept beans out the window, and overnight, a in the dark about much of what he beanstalk grows. Here's where the does. When Zach’s father dies, Zach story takes a turn. Climbing up the learns just how many secrets his dad beanstalk, Kate meets an old woman had, including his super-hero powers. who tells her how the fine castle above What is more surprising to Zach is that the clouds once belonged to a noble these powers are hereditary! knight until a monstrous giant killed him and took it over. Chomp By Carl HiaasenADVANCED READS For ages 10-12 Gilda Joyce, Psychic Investigator Meet the Cray family of Florida: Wahoo By Jennifer Allison Cray’s dad, Mickey, is a professional animal For ages 10 & Up wrangler, and the family’s backyard is a pretty wild place; it’s a real zoo! However, Thirteen-year-old Gilda Joyce has been over the years, his dad’s unpredictable be- interested in surveillance ever since havior and terrible business sense have led reading Harriet the Spy. Her favorite to a steady decline in income, and when possession is the old manual typewriter Wahoo’s mom is forced to take a long term her father gave her before he died. She job in China in order to pay the bills, likes to imagine that her father's spirit Wahoo is left to help manage the animals is inside, encouraging her to write. After AND his temperamental dad. announcing to her class that she will be going to San Francisco for the summer and writing a novel, Gilda must figure out a way to make that happen.AUGUST 2017 EFFINGHAM COUNTY KIDSVILLE NEWS! PAGE 21

Avoid back injuries bychoosingtheright backpack Finding the right store.Employeesatcampingand • Consider shopping at a sporting goods backpack is essential.It sporting goods retailers understand how to fit backpacks for hikers and is a valuable component of back-to-school outdoor adventurers. They can help shopping. Children may have their own measure a student and find a pack that ideas of what’s in style, but parents should will fit his or her body frame. Also, these look for backpacks that are functional before retailers may have a wider selection factoring in style. Marrying form and function of backpacks than some other stores, together can be challenging, but it’s necessary increasing the chances of finding the to prevent students from developing back right fit. problems.Butparentsmustgiveconsideration • Select a pack with a waist strap. to more than just the size of their children’s According to the American Chiropractic backpacks. Association, the body is not designed According to the U.S. Consumer Product to carry items hanging from shoulders. Safety Commission, at least 14,000 children By using the waist strap in conjunction are treated for backpack-related injuries every with taut shoulder straps, students can year. The American Academy of Orthopedic distribute the weight in their backpacks Surgeons says that the weight of a backpack over their hip bones instead of the should not exceed 10 to 15 percent of a child’s shoulders. The padded and adjustable body weight. But many students pack their shoulder straps should be at least two bags with much more weight than that. inches wide. All straps should be used • Choose a streamlined model. Select each time the pack is worn. a backpack that will get the job done • Backpacks should be loaded properly. without much added bulk. Many Heavy items should be near the center backpacks have been designed to hold bottom to distribute the load, rather technological devices as more and more than placed on top. Students should schools integrate technology into the only carry what is necessary, visiting classroom. A less bulky bag might be lockers or desks as needed to lighten lighter and easy to carry. their packs.PAGE 22 EFFINGHAM COUNTY KIDSVILLE NEWS! AUGUST 2017

HowMusic & Singing BenefitChildren Music is everywhere: Music is an integral part of cultures all over the world. Music can express emotions not on the radio, in movies and television shows and easily conveyed otherwise. It also provides a as a backdrop when shopping or celebrating sense of community and belonging and can help milestones. unite the divided. Playing musical instruments or singing has a number of benefits. From the earliest days after Inaddition,singingandengaginginmusical their birth, children can be calmed by music. appreciationsharpensone’sabilitytocommunicate. Music helps people work out their feelings and Learningapieceofinformationattachedtoa can be uplifting and comforting when people need tunewillmorereadilyembedthatinformationin a boost. While many people are familiar with the thebrain.Forexample,manychildrenlearnthe mood-enhancing benefits of music, they may not alphabetviasong.Pairinglessonswithsongcan know that music also has developmental benefits. helpanyoneretaininformationmoreeasily. According to Don Campbell, internationally Musicalsoisfun,somuchsothatkidsmaynot known educator and author of “The Mozart realizethey’reactuallylearningwhilesinging. Effect for Children,” music enhances Matthew Freeman, development manager of “Sing intelligence, coordination, emotional up,” a national singing project to help enhance expression, creativity and socialization music in children’s education, states that children skills. Studies have suggested that music and don’tthinkofsingingasworkandmaybemore movement affect all areas of development. willingtoparticipate.Songcanbeusedtoreinforce Music can bolster listening skills, improve motor alldifferentsubjects,fromlanguageartsto skills, assist with problem solving and promote mathematics. spatial-temporal reasoning. Many others say Childrenoradultswhoareapprehensiveabout that music can calm and focus the mind, which meetingnewpeoplecanusemusicasameansto is why it is so often employed by therapists. openthedoortonewfriendships.Joiningachoral In the book, “The Importance of Music,” group will immediately introduce people to others author Ellen Judson cites a 10-year study that whoenjoymusicaswell.Groupsingingisless tracked more than 25,000 middle and high school intimidatingthansingingalone,soittakessome students. The study showed that students in music ofthepressureoffofapersonandcanstaunch classes receive higher scores on standardized performanceanxiety. tests than students with little to no musical Music is beneficial throughout one’s life and can involvement. be an enjoyable way to make learning more fun.AUGUST 2017 EFFINGHAM COUNTY KIDSVILLE NEWS! PAGE 23

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