8B-Paakhie-Sceince-2020-Presentation:Agricultural Practices (KAvsUT)

Agricultural Practices State: Karnataka and Uttarakhand SCIENCE PT-3 PSBB-LLA PAAKHIE BHANDARI / CLASS-8B / ROLL NO-21 BLR

Agricultural Practices – Crops Cultivated Karnataka Uttarakhand ❑ The main crops grown are Rice, Ragi, Jowar (sorghum), maize, ❑ Basmati rice, wheat, soybeans, groundnuts, coarse cereals, and pulses (Tur and gram) in addition to oilseeds and a number pulses, and oil seeds are the most widely grown crops. of other cash crops. ❑ Sugarcane is the main cash crop of Uttarakhand. ❑ Cashews, coconut, arecanut, cardamom, chillies, cotton, ❑ Fruits like apples, oranges, pears, peaches, litchis, and plums sugarcane and tobacco are also produced. are widely grown and important to the large food ❑ Karnataka is the largest producer of coarse cereals, coffee, and processing industry. tomatoes among the states in India. ❑ Dry and wet rice, taro, pumpkins, beans, corn, ginger, chili, cucumbers, leafy vegetables, and tobacco are also grown. Potatoes ❑ Karnataka is the major silk producing state in the country. have become an important cash crop, growing in areas unsuitable ❑ Karnataka ranks fifth in India in terms of total area under for other plants. ❑ Herbs, and medicinal plants are other important things grown horticulture and it generates 40% of agriculture income and 17% in Uttarakhand. Many medicinal plants like belladonna and of the state's GDP. germanium were first introduced in this region by Kumaun. ❑ In floriculture, Karnataka occupies the second position in India in terms of production. PAAKHIE BHANDARI / CLASS-8B / ROLL NO-21

Agricultural Practices – Crops Cultivated Karnataka Uttarakhand PAAKHIE BHANDARI / CLASS-8B / ROLL NO-21

Agricultural Practices – Methods of Cultivation Karnataka Uttarakhand ❑ Traditionally, farming was carried out using bullock power and ❑ The regions are relatively infertile land with poor irrigation human labour. However, increasing cost of maintaining bullock facilities, difficulties in using modern technology, and little use of pair and shortage of labour for farm operations induced farmers to modern inputs; and this is because of both their unsuitability and adopt mechanization. A large number of farm equipment and non-availability. machinery are used in farming like tractors, reapers, threshers, harvestors, and many more. ❑ Terrace/Mountain farming is practiced in Uttarakhand. ❑ Organic farming is the manifestation of the traditional ❑ The use of inputs such as high-yielding crop varieties, chemical fertilizers, plant protection chemicals as well as environment stewardship of the people of Uttarakhand (Chipko farm machinery in agriculture has resulted in increased crop Movement), providing a meaningful expression in the form of production. economic growth. ❑ Techniques such as “Baranaja” are adopted:’ in which 12 crops are ❑ Availability and access to quality seeds are key factors in grown simultaneously in the same field. This practice ensures improving productivity and production of crops. supply of food round the year as different crops are harvested at different times. This unique method provides security against drought and crop failure. PAAKHIE BHANDARI / CLASS-8B / ROLL NO-21

Agricultural Practices – Methods of Cultivation Karnataka Uttarakhand PAAKHIE BHANDARI / CLASS-8B / ROLL NO-21

Agricultural Practices – Irrigation Karnataka Uttarakhand ❑ Agriculture in Karnataka is heavily dependent on the ❑ Uttarakhand has a larger number of river systems originating from southwest monsoon. the Himalayas like - Ganga basin, Yamuna Basin and the Kali ❑ Karnataka is blessed with many river systems like Krishna - System. Tungabhadra, Cauvery, Godavari and Pennar. Rivers annually produce on an average, approximately 3,475 Thousand Million Cubic ❑ Traditional irrigation methods in the hill area have made use of the Feet of water in Karnataka. topography of the region – the steep slopes – and have relied on ❑ Among the irrigation sources - wells canals and tanks were the gravity for watering the fields. These irrigation canals dug along the contours of the fields to maintain the flow of water are locally major sources of irrigation till 1980’s. However, the use of tube/bore called guls. wells in the total irrigated area started increasing phenomenally after ❑ Rainwater harvesting to prevent water running off is also being practices extensively for recharge underground water and to stop early 1990’s. soil erosion. ❑ Drip and Sprinkler irrigation systems are gaining popularity ❑ Traditional methods and practices of irrigation are being reinstated under Micro-Irrigation schemes – specially for the horticulture crops, as they are highly scientific and safe/ because of Huge water savings - no evaporation, no run off, no waste. 100% land utilization. PAAKHIE BHANDARI / CLASS-8B / ROLL NO-21

Agricultural Practices – Irrigation Karnataka Uttarakhand PAAKHIE BHANDARI / CLASS-8B / ROLL NO-21

Agricultural Practices – Harvest Karnataka Uttarakhand ❑ Pongal, Onam and Ugadi are the famous harvest festivals of ❑ Phool Dei & Bissu Mela (Chaitra), and Ghee Sankranti (Bhado) South India. These are celebrated in different regions across are the some of the harvest festivals of Uttarakhand. Harela & Karnataka based on ethnicity. Puthari is Kodagu's harvest Bhitauli are another set of harvest festivals are celebrated thrice a festival. All these festivals help one knows about the culture of year. South India. ❑ • PAAKHIE BHANDARI / CLASS-8B / ROLL NO-21

Agricultural Practices State: Karnataka and Uttarakhand SCIENCE PT-3 THANK YOU PSBB-LLA PAAKHIE BHANDARI / CLASS-8B / ROLL NO-21 BLR