TERM 2 - CLASS 5 - PRIME YEARS

1. Samourin - Kings of Kozhikode were called by that name 2. Cape of Good Hope - Southern-most tip of Africa 3. Indigo - A plant that produced a dye for clothes 4. Elite - Upper class. 5. Execute - Death sentence given by a ruler, or a government 6. Kozhikode - An important port in present Kerala 7. Doctrine of Lapse - In the days of the British Rule in India, if a king did not have a son, he used to adopt a heir. Doctrine of Lapse was intended to put an end to this adoption. The doctrine stated that if the king did not have his own biological son, the kingdom became part of the British empire after his death. 8. Annex - Forcefully attach property to one’s own. 1. Why did the Europeans want to find a sea route to India? 2. How did the Portuguese set up trade centres in India? 3. Which were the trade centres of the English East India Company? 4. How did the EEIC become rulers of Bengal? 5. What were the causes of the revolt of 1857? 6. What were the reasons for the failure of the revolt of 1857? 7. Who were the extremists and who were moderates in the Indian National Congress? 1. Imagine that you are Mangal Pandey. Write an account of the revolt of 1857 from his point of view. 2. Write an account of the voyage to India in Vasco da Gama’s words. 201

1. Who are the following? a. Robert Clive b. Siraj-ud-Dowla c. Vasco da Gama d. Sir Thomas Roe e. A.O.Hume f. Mir Jafar 1. Sketch the route followed by Vasco da Gama to reach India in the outline political map of the world. 2. On the map of India, mark the following places: a. Meerut b. Awadh c. Kozhikode d. Delhi e. Chennai 3. Complete the following by writing major events in sequential order. 1. Vasco da Gama landed at Kozhikode. 2. ______________________________________________________ 3. ______________________________________________________ 4. ______________________________________________________ 5. ______________________________________________________ 6. ______________________________________________________ 7. ______________________________________________________ 8. ______________________________________________________ 9. ______________________________________________________ 10. Formation of Indian National Congress 1. A conversation between Robert Clive and Siraj-ud-Dowla. 2. Mangal Pandey’s inspiring speech to the soldiers, prompting them to revolt. Do this as a group activity. 202

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Indian National Congress There was a split in Congress in the 1906 session. After the split, two groups were formed – the moderates, and the extremists. The moderates, guided by Gopalakrishna Gokhale, Dadabhai Nauroji and Pheroze Shah Mehta, submitted proposals to the British Government to involve Indians in governance and allow self rule at least in some provinces. However, there was no positive response from the government. The extremists, under Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Lala Lajpat Rai and Bipin Chandra Pal, embarked on a mission to make the freedom movement of India a mass movement. They adopted open protests like strikes and boycotts in order to force the British government to grant India its independence. Partition of Bengal (1905) The British realized that the only way to crush the freedom movement was to break the unity of the Hindus and the Muslims. They realized that once the two started fighting, they will not have time or energy to fight against the British government. This is called the divide and rule policy (in Panchatantra, it is called ‘mitra bhedam’). Lord Curzon, the then Viceroy of India, proposed to divide Bengal into West Bengal, which had a majority Hindu population, and East Bengal, which had a majority Muslim population. The Congress showed its anger at the proposal by starting the Swadeshi and boycott movement. By this time, the Muslim League was formed. 205

Swadeshi and boycott movement The Congress gave a call to the nation to boycott British goods and use only goods made in India. People burnt British goods in public places. At some places, the mob even turned violent and set fire to shops that sold foreign goods. The slogan ‘Vande Mataram’ was first used in the Swadeshi movement. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi enters Indian political arena Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born in Porbandar in Gujarat in the year 1869. He was born in a middle class family. After graduation, he went to London to study Law. After his return from London, he was invited to go to South Africa as a legal advisor for a firm owned by Indians. While working in South Africa, the apartheid policy of the South African government disturbed him. In fact, he himself was a victim of this policy, which discriminated against people with dark skin. He mobilized people of Indian origin and native Africans to fight against the government and the apartheid law. He knew it was not possible to bring about a change in the government’s mindset by declaring war or other means of protest. The swadeshi and boycott movement left many Indian traders penniless. They had bought foreign goods from wholesale dealers. When all the goods were taken out from their shop and burnt, the poor traders suffered huge losses. Such things always tend to happen with mob fury. A mob is a group with herd mentality that lacks foresight and common sense. The situation is the same even now. 206

Thus, he tried ways that could change the mindset of the people. Peaceful protests and Satyagraha were the methods he adopted to bring about a change.Through his constant efforts, he could bring about some transformation, although the apartheid policy could not be wiped out completely. In 1915, he returned to India. The Indian political scene was no better than that of South Africa. Thus, he decided to fight the British in a non-violent manner. The first thing he did was to tour the entire country and learn the problems of the common people. He identified himself as one among them and inspired them to raise their voice against the misdeeds of the government. The Indian National Congress offered a platform for him to convey his ideals to the masses. He came to be known as Gandhiji. He was not a politician. His fight was not to gain any political advantage for himself, but to get social and economic freedom for the masses. He came to the help of the poor farmers at Champaran who were fighting an year-long 207

battle against growing indigo. Naturally, Congress membership was open to him. Rowlatt Act (1919) The British introduced the Rowlatt Act, according to which the police could arrest and confine any person in police custody without court order. Gandhiji organized a nationwide protest against this Act. As a result, many Congress leaders and common people were imprisoned. Jalianwala Bagh Massacre (1919) A public meeting was held at Jalianwala Bagh in Amritsar to protest against the Rowlatt Act. While people were peacefully convening a meeting, General Reginald EH Dyre opened fire on the crowd without notice. He ordered to close both the gates of the park so that no one 208

could get away. It was the most brutal act in the history of mankind. Thousands of people, including women and children, were killed in the incident. British crown had honoured many Indians with titles like ‘Sir’, ‘Rao Bahadur’ etc. Many of them, including Rabindarnath Tagore, returned their tiles as a sign of protest against the brutal killing at Jalianwala Bagh. Non-co-operation movement (1920) Gandhiji soon became the leader of the Congress party. He launched the Non-Cooperation Movement after the Jalianwala Bagh incident. He asked people to resign from government jobs, not to pay taxes, and not to obey government rules. The movement spread across the nation. However, an unfortunate incident forced Gandhiji to withdraw the movement. In a place called Chauri Chaura in Bihar, a violent mob set fire to a police station, killing the policemen inside. Gandhiji and many other leaders were arrested after the incident. Gandhiji was awarded three years of imprisonment. General Dyre perhaps overplayed his role in his enthusiasm to show his loyalty to the British Crown. The incident shocked even the British government. The Hunter committee appointed by the government found him guilty. However, he was unapologetic till the very end. He was deported back to Britain. When he reached England, everyone shunned him. He led a lonely life till he breathed his last. 209

The Congress session held at Lahore in 1929 passed the Poornaswaraj resolution. The resolution stated that nothing less than complete independence was acceptable to Congress. “Swaraj is my birthright and I shall have it” declared Tilak. There was protest against the Simon Commission, which arrived to examine the possibilities of involving Indian representatives in the government in 1930. In 1930, Gandhiji went to London to attend the Round Table Conference. At the conference, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill commented on Gandhiji’s dress, calling him a ‘half naked fakir’. In 1942, Gandihji started the Civil Disobedience Movement. He marched from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi and made salt, thus breaking the salt law. The slogan ‘Quit India’ echoed throughout the country during this time. The revolutionaries The Congress, under Gandhiji, followed the peaceful path of fighting for freedom. However, there were others who believed that all this talk of non-violence and truth was not going to yield any result. These men and women, mostly youngsters, believed in openly fighting with Division of India was the outcome of the political ambitions of two people – Jawaharlal Nehru and Mohammed Ali Jinnah. Both of them wanted to become Prime Ministers. In order to fulfill their ambition, they agreed to divide the nation. the British, and terrorizing them. They were the revolutionaries. Veer Savarkar, Arabindo Ghosh, and Ajit Singh were the early revolutionaries. Revolutionaries had organizations set up abroad to help them with money and weapons. Bhagat Singh, Rajguru, Sukhdev, and Chandrasekhar Azad were some other youngsters who joined the revolutionaries later. Bhagat Singh and his group were arrested and hanged for killing 210

a police officer, and throwing a bomb in the Parliament House. Madam Cama, the editor of a newspaper published from Geneva, titled ‘Vande Mataram’, was a supporter of these revolutionaries. However, Gandhiji was not in favour of the ideology of the revolutionaries. Netaji and Indian National Army Subhash Chandra Bose was another person who did not believe in Gandhiji’s way of ahimsa and Satyagraha. He firmly believed that the British could be driven out of the country only by fighting a battle. He mobilized youngsters to form the Indian National Army. Surprisingly, Subhas chandra Bose it had a women’s wing also. Captain Lakshmi Menon was the leader of the women’s wing. He went to Malaysia and Sri Lanka to gather people for his army and trained them. He sought the help of Japan too to help him fight the British. It was the time of the Second World War, when Japan was fighting Britain. In 1945, on his way to Japan, his plane crashed, killing him in the incident. “Give me blood, I will give you freedom” was his most famous quote. 211 • There are doubts about what actually happened to Netaji. A few years back, his relatives filed a suit to probe the so- called plane crash incident. • They doubt about a conspiracy to murder Netaji.

Freedom at last When the Second World War ended, it left Britain a pauper. Britain found it difficult to manage its various colonies. Churchill lost the election and the Labour party which came to power was not in favour of keeping the colonies, particularly India, because of the freedom struggle going on there. Clement Atlee became the new Prime Minister of Britain. He deputed Lord Mountbatten as Viceroy of India to plan the procedure of giving independence to India in 1947. However, despite gaining freedom from British policy, the British policy of divide and rule yielded fruit. Hindus and Muslims wanted separate nations. The Congress and the Muslim League wanted a partition after India gained its independence. They insisted on dividing India into two parts. Gandhiji was against partition, but the Congress did not pay heed to his advice. Gandhiji was not interested in the political game. However, the partition was necessitated by Hindu-Muslim riots. Thousands were killed, women were raped, and lakhs of people lost their properties. Vexed by the politics of the riot, Gandhiji kept himself out of all this. When India was declared independent on 15 August 1947 and the th national tri-colour was hoisted on the Red Fort by Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, Gandhiji was nowhere in the scene. At that time, he was at Naukhali near Kolkata, consoling the victims of the Hindu-Muslim riots. He undertook fast unto death to bring peace between the two communities, and finally, peace prevailed. 212

1. Boycott - Refuse to take; keep out 2. Quit India - Leave India 3. Revolutionaries - Those who believe in sudden change. 1. Name the leaders of the extremists and moderates. 2. Why was Bengal divided? 3. How was Gandhiji different from other politicians? 4. Why did Gandhiji start the non-cooperation movement? 5. What is apartheid? 6. What was the ideology of the revolutionaries? 7. What was Netaji’s plan to win freedom for India? 8. Why was India partitioned? 9. What do you think of these people? Write in a sentence or two. a. Bal Gangadhar Tilak b. Bhagat Singh c. Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose d. General Dyre e. Lord Curzon f. Clement Atlee g. Lord Mountbatten 213

10. Rewrite the following in the right sequence a. Jalianwalla Bagh massacre b. Gandhiji returned to India c. Quit India movement d. Non-cooperation movement e. Swadeshi and boycott movement f. Partition of India g. Partition of Bengal h. India became independent. Collect photographs of the important events mentioned in the chapter. Make an album out of it and write a sentence about each. 1. Read the biography of Mahatma Gandhi. Write a short essay on his character and his contribution to the freedom struggle. 2. Find out the names of freedom fighters from your state. Collect their photographs and a brief write up about each. 3. Conduct a team quiz in the class based on the lesson. Put up a tableau on the events mentioned in the chapter in sequential order. Do it as a group activity. 214

Social reformers In the long run, many evil practices had crept into the Hindu society. It happened because of the wrong interpretations of the scriptures and because of the so-called tantriks who, in the name of black magic, spread superstition among the people. Some customs were practised as part of social necessity but in due course they turned into blind beliefs. Animal sacrifice in the name of pooja, burning the widow alive along with her dead husband’s body, child marriage, harassing young widows in the name of customs, not allowing girls to get educated, domestic violence in the name of man’s authority and many more. Going on a voyage was prohibited as it will make the men impure. Many people took the initiative to reform the Hindu society. The first names that come to our mind are Raja Ram Mohan Roy and Swami Vivekananda. There were many reformers who confined their work in their region or area of profession. Let us know about a few. Raja Ram Mohan Roy (1772-1833) If the horrible sati practice is abolished today, it is because of him. It is said that when he was a boy, he witnessed his elder brother’s wife being dragged towards his brother’s funeral pyre and being thrown into the blazing flames and loud heart-piercing screams of the woman echoed in his ears forever. He grew up as a rebel who questioned the religious practice. Raja Ram mohan Roy 215

He was determined to put an end to the barbaric custom called sati. He raised his voice against it. He insisted on girl’s education, abolition of child marriage and supported widow re-marriage. He had to face harassment from the so-called custodians of Hindu religion. He had graduated from college and was fascinated by the Western education. He believed English education alone would help to wipe out the evils of Hindu society. He went to London by ship against the tradition. He was made an outcast by the Hindu priests. But he was the least bothered. He established an organization of young people called Brahma Samaj to openly fight the evil customs. He sent representation to the British Governor-General William Bentinck requesting him to legally abolish sati and to introduce English education in India. English schools were started in India by 1815. But it took a few more years to get sati abolished. Swami Vivekananda Along with David Hare he established the Hindu College at Calcutta in 1817. He himself maintained an English school. In 1825 he established the Vedanta College which combined the Indian as well as Western social sciences. In London we can see a statue of Raja Ram Mohan Roy. Swami Vivekananda (1863-1902) ‘Brothers and sisters of America’ – the address of the young Indian monk at the parliament of World's religions at Chicago in 1893 made the people of America to look up with a start. Then there was nothing to stop him. Words flew from his 216

mouth like a waterfall. For the people of the West, it was a new experience. For the first time they realized Hindu religion was not what they had seen and experienced. They were captivated by the scientific basis on which the religion was formed. The essence of the Vedas – the unity of mankind, how they interpreted the working of the universe, the interdependence of man and nature as told in the Vedas, the idol-worship – the psychological significance of that – the monk talked about all these, keeping the audience spellbound. The young monk was Swami Vivekananda, a disciple of Sri Ramakrishna Paramahamsa. From childhood a question was haunting him. ‘What is God?’ He asked many people, but could not get a satisfactory answer. Finally, he got his curiosity fulfilled by Sri Ramakrishna and he accepted him as his guru.Swamiji knew Hinduism or the Vedic religion was based on science. But the ignorance of the people did not allow them to realize the truth. They were content with the customs, rituals and traditions without realizing the essence and that was the cause of all evils in the society. He was particularly upset by the social custom called ‘untouchability’. How can a man treat another as untouchable? He was vexed by the caste discrimination. He travelled far and wide, trying to teach the people the true essence of Hindu religion. It is said that he visited the Travancore State which is now part of Kerala. The caste discrimination there was so maddening that he called the state a ‘lunatic asylum’ (country of mad people). He set up institutions called Ramakrishna Matt in different parts of India to spread true spirit of Hinduism and to produce literature to enlighten the masses about religion and human values. He advocated spiritual upliftment along with material pursuit. According to him, ‘Education was to bring out the perfection already existing in man’. He advocated study of Western science along with Indian Vedanta. 217

Dayanand Saraswathi (1824-83) Like Raja Ram Mohan Roy, Swami Dayanand also wanted to rid the Hindu society of its evil customs and blind beliefs. He felt Western education could be the best medium to teach Indian Vedanta and human values. He started the organization called Arya Samaj. The aim of the organization was to spread the essence of Indian Vedanta and to illustrate the significance of the Hindu rituals. Arya Samaj marriages were simple, giving importance only to the significance of marriage. In the present age of pomp and show, a lot of money is wasted in unwanted decorations and shows. Arya Samaj marriages stand a contrast to the senseless wastage of money in the name of marriage. Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar Dayanand Saraswati He had started schools which provided Western knowledge along with Indian values.These were called Dayanand Anglo-vedic Schools (DAV). These schools aimed at character building. They imbibed nationalism, self-respect and self- reliance in the students. Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar (1820-91) His name is connected with girl’s education and widow marriage. He was a teacher in the Sanskrit college and later became its principal. He believed that a man is respected for the values he has, not for the dress he wears or the riches he possesses. He encouraged his 218

students who came forward to marry widows and solemnized the marriages even against their parents’ wishes. Annie Besant (1847-1933) Though a westerner, her stay in India and interaction with Indians prompted her to study the Hindu religion in different perspectives. Like others she too realized that people were ignorant of what the scriptures say. The pathetic state of Hindu society was because of the wrong interpretation of the texts. She established the Theosophical Society of India which encouraged the study of Hinduism in particular and also other world religions. The Theosophical Society set up schools for both boys and girls. She founded the Central High School at Benares which later became the Benares Hindu University. Pandita Ramabai (1858-1922) Pandita Ramabai was one woman in the 1800s who went against all social restrictions to get herself educated. Born in Maharashtra, she went to live in Calcutta. She used her leisure time to learn to read and write. She was the first woman to read the Vedas, in the modern times. She dared to challenge the orthodox elements in the society. She had a book to her credit titled ‘High caste Hindu widow’. In this book, she describes the pathetic conditions of the Hindu widows. Imagine a girl from the age of 8 leading the life of a widow till death comes to her rescue! The young widows were prisoners in their own home. They were not allowed to participate in any family functions. They were restricted from eating sweets or other tasty dishes. Their Annie Besant 219

heads were tonsured and were forced to wear white. All these were just to keep them out of bound of men. Ramabai, through her writings and also personal interactions, tried to bring changes in the widow’s life. Therefore she had to face the wrath of orthodox Hindus. Jyotiba Phule (1827-90) and Savitri Phule (1831-97) The spread of women’s education in Maharashtra was partly due to the efforts of Jyotiba and Savitri Phule. The duo was attacked by the orthodox Hindus. They also waged war against the caste system and untouchability. They dedicated their whole life for the upliftment of widows, girls and lower caste people. He was also famous by the name Mahatma Phule. Savitri Phule was the first woman teacher of India. Sri Narayana Guru 220 The low caste Hindus were not allowed entry into temples. He decided to build a temple for those who were barred entry into the temples. He picked up a stone from the river bank and consecrated it. This was a violation of the rule. Only Brahmins were supposed to consecrate the idols. Later a temple was built around the stone. He put up a plaque there which read: Sri Narayana Guru (1854-1928) He was born in a low caste Hindu family in Kerala. He fought relentlessly against the caste system and the practice of untouchability. ‘Man needs only one God and one religion’ he declared.

There is no discrimination here. Anybody can worship here without any discrimination of caste or religion. Later he established many temples in Kerala. He started an organization called Sri Narayana Dharma Paripalana Yogam (SNDP) to get temple entry for Ezavas and other low caste Hindus and also to abolish the social disparities among the castes. Periyar E.V. Ramasamy race called Dravidians who were actually the Indus valley people. The Aryans had driven them out to the South. This feeling created a rift between North and South. He claimed that Tamil was the root of all world languages. The self-respect movement spread by E.V.Ramasamy has now grown like a banyan tree with its roots firmly entrenched in the Tamil soil. 221 Periyar E.V. Ramasamy (1879-1973) Even from childhood he ridiculed the upper caste Hindus and the priests. He was a rationalist from the beginning. Being a learned man, he could bring out the contradictions in the puranas and the religious scriptures. He tried to arouse self-respect in the subdued low caste Hindus. He started the Dravida Kazhagam (The Dravidian Society or Union). In fact it was the DK that projected the Tamilians as a different

Reforms in the Muslim society Muslim society in the 1800’s was economically backward. Some learned men among Muslims attributed this to the lack of English education. They tried to re-interpret Islam to suit the modern times. Sir Syed Ahmed Khan and Roquia Sakhawat Hussain are prominent among them. Sir Syed Ahmed khan Sir Syed Ahmed khan (1817-98) He was the greatest among Muslim reformers. He tried to re-interpret Islam in the light of modern science. He wanted to create scientific temperament among the Muslims. He set up a scientific society which translated Western scientific works into Urdu. He was the champion of modern education and education for girls. He started many schools. Some of the orthodox Muslims were angered. They called him Kafir, Mulhid, etc. But he went ahead propagating modern education among Muslims. In 1857, he started Mohammedan Anglo Oriental College at Aligarh. It admitted both Hindu and Muslim students. The reform movement started by him came to be known as Aligarh movement. Donations for his schools and college were mainly from the Hindus. The college started by him, in a few years, grew into Aligarh Muslim University. Roquia Sakhawat Hussain (1880-1932) She was an advocate of women’s education. When women were not allowed to come out of their houses, she was instrumental in making women education popular. She believed that education should make a woman self-reliant. 222

1. Vedanta - Philosophy. Study of the spiritual aspect of the world. 2. Theosophical - Derived from Theology, the study of religion. 3. Consecrate - To make or declare sacred, fit for worship. 4. Rationalist - One who questions the existence of God and religious practices. 1. Mention a few evil customs that prevailed in the Hindu society. 2. Name of educational institutions started by Raja Ram Mohan Roy. 3. What was the condition of the widows in early Hindu society? 4. What did Sir Syed Ahmed Khan think was the reason for the backwardness of Muslims? 5. Name the organizations started by these personalities: a. Raja Ram Mohan Roy b. Dayand Saraswati c. Sir Syed Ahmed Khan d. Sri Narayana Guru e. E.V. Ramasamy f. Swami Vivekananda 223

Is the Hindu society rid of all the evils now? What do the newspapers say? Express your view in a few lines. • Collect photographs of important social reformers. • Write the contribution of each in a line or two and paste the photograph below. • Make a booklet. • Give it an attractive title. • Put up a dress parade in the class or in the assembly. • Each social reformer (dressed like original) will come on the stage and speak out his ideas and what has he done for the society. 224

Contents 1. Drawing a bar chart ............. 226 2. Microsoft Word – Advanced level ..................... 230 Class 5 Term 2

Drawing a bar chart Task: Draw a bar chart showing the class average in different subjects English – 60 Maths – 65 Science – 70 Social sciences – 68 II language – 54 Computers – 80 226 Steps Step 1 1. Open MS Excel 2. Click on header 1 and type the heading: Class average of IX class in semester I 3. Position the pointer between A & B and drag to widen column A. 4. Click the bold button on the formatting tool bar the selected rows will appear bold. 5. Type the subjects in column A and enter marks in column B. 6. Save it as marks in a file

227 Step 2 1. Click chart wizard button on the standard tool bar. 2. A dialogue box appears. 3. Select the chart sub type. 4. The picture appears. Click on the picture. 5. Click next 6. Click next in the dialogue box that appears 7. Type “Class average semester I 2013” in the chart title. 8. Press next 9. Click “sheet” 1 in the dialogue box or ‘As a new sheet” Task (Assignments) 1. Type this verse in the MS Word. Two little eyes to see around Two little ears to hear the sound One litlte nose to smell the scent One little mouth to kiss mother good night. Two little hands to clap Two little feet to jump Ten little fingers to clasp One little head to think.

2. Copy the first four stages and paste them at the end of the verse. 3. Change the color of the background. 4. Insert a picture of a small child from clip art. Or Mother and child or any suitable pitcure. 5. Change the colour of the text to appear bright. 6. Fill in the picture with color. 228

1. What are the different ways to copy – paste? 2. Outline the steps for copy – paste of a picture? 3. Outline the steps for copy – paste from clipart? 1. Outline the steps to open MS Excel 2. How will you increase the width of a column? 3. How will you save the matter typed? 4. Outline the steps to draw bar chart after entering the data in the MS Excel worksheet. Eng Maths Science Social G.K Computer 229

230 Microsoft Word – Advanced level 1. Copy Paste Steps 1. Select the text to be copied 2. Click edit on the menu bar. A list appears 3. Click copy on the list (or) Press 'Ctrl' and 'C' keys together after selecting the text (or) Right click the mouse and select copy on the list 2. Paste 1. Move the cursor to the location where you want to paste (on the MS Word page) 2. Click edit and click ‘Paste’ in the list or press 'Ctrl and' 'V' keys together (or) Right click the mouse. Select ‘Paste’ in the list.

3. Cutting and pasting a text 1. Select the text 2. Click edit on the menu bar and then click ‘cut’ Or Press ctrl and X keys together Or Right click mouse and select cut. Copy- paste pictures Example : Inserting a picture from clip art or from other texts. l Get the picture on the screen l Bring the cursor on the picture. l Click insert in the tool bar and click picture in the list. Paste 1. Move the pointer to the main screen. 2. Click edit on the menu bar. Select Paste in the list that appears. Or Press ctrl and V together Or Right click the mouse and select Paste 231

Copy-Paste from clipart l Place the cursor on the screen where you want to have the picture. l Click ‘insert’ – then picture – Clipart in the successive lists l There will be a space marked insert clipart l Type the name of the picture in the search box. l Click search. 232 1. Outline the steps involved in copying an image? 2. Outline the steps for painting? 3. Give stepwise instruction for inserting a picture from clipart in a typed matter?