3 For Age Group 7 to 9 years COMPUTER BOOK Computer Education Series Concept by: Composed by: Contributed by: Gagan Agarwal David S. Gareema Balwani Hitesh Saini Founder M.D. CLDP, MCA,15 yrs exp. with NIIT Jameel Khan
SAFE COMPAUNTDINHGAPPINESS INTERNET USAGE DONT’S 1. Don't give anyone your password & other details as well as any information about your family. 2. Don't talk to strangers on the Internet. 3. Don't agree to meet any of your online friends in person. 4. Don't fill in any form online that asks for details like address or phone number. 5. Don't visit any online chat room without elder’s or parent's permission. 6. Don't watch online any stuff that you think your parents won't like. 7. Don't post family and personal pictures without your parents' knowledge. 8. Don't download/install anything on your PC without your parents' permission. 9. If you have any doubts, ask your parents, teachers or elders. 10. If anyone cyberbullies, get in touch with your teachers and parents. CYBERBULLYING Cyberbullying is bullying that takes place over digital devices like cell phones, computers, and tablets. Cyberbullying includes sending, posting, or sharing negative, harmful, false, or mean content about someone else. How to keep safe? Don't respond to any emails or messages sent by anyone who cyberbullies you. Don't cyberbully others online. Respect everyone’s privacy and rights. Save the messages and screen-shots of the messages as an evidence of cyberbullying. If you are being bullied, inform your elders immediately.
1 Introduction to Windows GUI Dear Teacher, Yes Students, We want to learn We Shall explore about the Desktop Desktop and and other useful Windows programs under Accessories in Accessories in this chapter. Windows. Dear Children, When you switch on the computer, which software loads very first on its own? The operating system! Yes, operating system loads on the computer as soon as we switch it on. Loading of operating system in computer’s memory is called booting. There are various operating systems namely Windows, Linux, MacOS etc. We are using Windows operating system, so when you switch on the computer, Windows is seen on the monitor. Operating System An Operating System is a software that helps us to use or work on the computer system. It manages and controls the different parts of a computer system and makes them work together. It acts as an interface between the computer and the us. We click on various options to do our work. There are various types of operating systems. Some examples of operating system are MS-DOS, IBM-DOS, Windows 95, Windows XP, Windows 7, Windows 10, Mac OS, Linux etc. MS Windows The MS Windows is a popular operating system (OS). It was developed by Microsoft Corporation, USA. There are various versions of Windows namely Windows 95, Windows XP, Windows 7, Windows 8, Windows 10 etc. 4
MS Windows displays a Graphical User Interface (GUI) which is easy to use. GUI is made of various graphical parts like Start button, icons, menus, and task bar etc. In this chapter, we shall learn about Windows 7. Windows Desktop Once the computer is started, the screen which appears on the monitor is called the Desktop. Various components of a desktop are: 1. Wallpaper 2. Icons 3. Gadgets 4. Taskbar Icons Wallpaper Gadgets Taskbar Let us discuss about these parts one by one. Wallpaper: The wallpaper is the background picture on the desktop. Icons: The small pictures on the screen are called the icons. Gadgets: Gadgets are the small and helpful objects in a computer. They have their specific functions. They are used to watch time, calender, weather, world time, etc. on a computer. 5
Taskbar: This is a horizontal bar at the bottom of the desktop. Now, let us learn about the various parts of the taskbar. Start Button: The Start button is found on the left side of the taskbar. When we click on the Start button, a menu appears which is known as the Start menu. We can find and open all the programs from the Start menu. Middle Section: The middle section shows the programs and files we have opened and allows us to quickly switch between them. Quick Launch toolbar: The Quick Launch toolbar provides a fast and easy access to our favourite programs. These programs can be opened in single-click. System Tray: The system tray is used to show the date, time and various other notifications. Desktop Icons In your school's computer room, you must have seen that some icons are commonly present on all the computers. For example, Computer, Network and Recycle Bin. Now, let us know about these icons. 1. Computer It allows you to access all the files and folders on a computer. Computer Window Network Window 6
Control Buttons Minimize button: It reduces the window to a small icon on the taskbar. Maximize/Restore button: It helps us to either maximize or display the window in its normal size on the screen (monitor). Close button: It helps us to close the window of the program. Windows Accesories The Windows operating system comes along with some useful application programs referred to as Accessories. It contains useful applications such as Calculator, Notepad, Paint, WordPad, etc. 3 To access any of these applications, click on Start → All Programs → Accessories. 24 1 Calculator The Windows Calculator looks like a regular calculator that we use at our homes and offices. It has number keys, memory keys, and standard maths operation keys. You can use the Calculator with the help of a keyboard or a mouse. In a Calculator, you enter numbers and operator signs like +, -, *, / by clicking on the buttons on the screen keypad (you can also use the keyboard to enter data). 8
Fun Zone Use the following Accessories with the help of your teacher. Math Input Panel Command Prompt Snipping Tool Sound Recorder Sticky Notes (Hint: Click on Start → All Programs → Accessories). Quick Review Loading of operating system in computer’s memory is called booting. Operating system helps us to work on the computer system. Operating system manages and controls the different parts of a computer. Operating system acts as an interface between the computer and the us. Wallpaper, Icons, Gadgets, Desktop etc. are parts of Windows. A window is a rectangular area/box that shows the contents of a program, file or folder. Calculator, Notepad, Paint,WordPad are some common Windows accessories. Fun Activity Complete the crossword given on next page with correct words. Across Down 1. The ____________ is the 5. Horizontal bar at the bottom of the background picture on the desktop is called _____________. desktop. 6. Microsoft ________ is a painting 2. Clicking on _______ button program. displays Start menu. 7. ___________ bin temporarily stores 3. The small pictures on the the deleted items. screen are called the _______. 8. ________ button reduces the window 4. Windows 7 is an __________ to a small icon on the taskbar. System. 10
1 6P 7R W 8M 5 T 3I 2S 4O A. Choose the correct answer. 1. Loading of operating system in computer’s _____________ is called booting. a) Memory b) Desktop c) Recycle bin d) Screen 2. An Operating System manages different parts of a __________________. a) Window b) Desktop c) Computer system d) Program 3. _________________ is a component of the desktop. a) Wallpaper b) System tray c) Microsoft Paint d) All of these 11
4. To close a window, click on _____________ button. a) Maximize b) Minimize c) Close d) Start 5. The __________ of a window displays the name of the program opened. a) Title bar b) Taskbar c) Work Area d) Menu bar B. Fill in the blanks. Accessories, Workspace, Interface, Desktop, Gadget 1. The horizontal bar at the bottom of the _________ is the Taskbar. 2. Operating system acts as an _________________ between the computer and the user. 3. Microsoft Paint and Notepad are the examples of _____________. 4. _____________ is the area where we work in a program. 5. Calendar is an example of a ____________. C. Match the following. Column-I Column-II a 1. Calculator b. 2. Recycle bin icon c. 3. Clock Gadget d. 4. System tray e. 5. Start Button 12
D. Answer the following questions. 1. What is Windows 7? ______________________________________________________________ 2. What is an icon? ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 3. What is a Taskbar? ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 4. Name any 4 accessories in Windows 7. ______________________________________________________________ A. With the help of your teacher explore various parts of Windows 7 in the computer. B. Open Calculator and MS Paint. Try adding some numbers on Calculator and some drawing tools in MS Paint. Teacher's Signature : __________________ Teacher's Remark : WEB https://edu.gcfglobal.org/en/windows7/ https://www.free-computer-tutorials.net/windows-7.html LINKS Teacher’s Corner Dear Teachers, discuss some other operating systems briefly also like Android, Linux and MacOS for additional knowledge of the students. 13
5. Type the required text and press the Enter key. The cursor will move down one line. 4 1 2 3 Typing the text with difference appearance Note If you click elsewhere while the text entry is still active, the current line of text moves to that location. You can continue typing text. The Magic Tool This tool is used to add magical effects in a drawing. This tool provides various tools to add predefined patterns, images and graphical effects. Steps to use the Magic tool are: 1. Click on the Magic tool from the toolbar. 2. Select the required tool pattern from the selector (Magic pane). 3. In the canvas, click and drag the mouse over the drawing area where you want to apply the effect. 15
2 1 3 Before using the magic tool After using the magic tool The Stamp Tool This tool is like a set of rubber stamp or stickers. It lets us paste certain pre-drawn images in the drawing. Steps to use the Stamp tool are: 1. Click on the Stamp tool from the toolbar. 2. Select the required stamp from the selector. 3. Click on the canvas (where you Note want to put the stamp). 1. There are numerous categories 1 of stamps (e.g., plants, vehicles, 3 animals, etc.). 2 2. You can use the Left and Right Using the stamp tools arrows to select the category. 3. Stamps can be shrunk and expanded. 4. Some stamps can be flipped vertically, or displayed as a mirror-image using and buttons respectively. 16
Other Tools Let's learn about some other tools. Undo This tool will undo the last (drawing) action. You can undo more than one action. Redo This tool will redo the (drawing) action you just undid with the ‘Undo' button. Open This button shows a list of all the drawing (files) that you have saved. A. To open a file: or double- click Click on a picture and then click on the green Open button on the picture's icon. B. To erase a file: Click on a picture and then click on the red Erase button . C. To slideshow the files: Click on the Slide button . D. To return to the drawing: Click on the Back button to cancel and go back to the drawing canvas. Print button is used to print Note The Print Dear children, print your drawing the drawing. with the help of your teacher only. 17
Add more colours in Color palette , a color box appears. Steps to add a colour in the Color palette are: 1. Click on the last button on the color palette 2. Move the mouse cursor over the required colour and click on it. OR Click on the Back button to go back without selecting any colour. Quick Review Text tool is used to type the text on the canvas. Magic tool is used to add magical effects to the drawing. Stamp tool is used to insert pre-drawn images in the drawing. Fun Zone Make the following drawing in Tux Paint. (Hint: Use Paint, Magic and Stamp tools) 18
A. Choose the correct answer. 1. button in text tool is used to ___________ the size of the text. a) Increase b) Decrease c) Italic d) Bold 2. ______________ is used to type the text on the canvas. a) Text b) Magic c) Stamp d) All of these 3. _____________ is not a property of the text tool. a) Font type b) Font size c) Font colour d) None of these 4. Stamp tool lets us paste pre-drawn __________ in a drawing. a) Text b) Images c) Drawing d) All of these 5. ________ tool will redo the action we just undid with the undo tool. a) Redo b) Undo c) Open d) Magic 6. _________ tool shows a list of drawing that we have saved. a) Undo b) Redo c) Save d) Open B. Fill in the blanks. Slide, Magic tool, Erase button, Undo tool, Print button 1. ______________ tool is used to add magical effect to a drawing. 2. _______________________ is used to erase a file. 3. _______________________ will undo the last drawing action. 19
3 1 2 Using the Color Picker tool Magnifier Tool The Magnifier tool is used to zoom in and out on a part of the drawing. The steps to use the magnifier tool are: 1. On the Home tab, in the Tools group, click on the Magnifier tool. 2. Move the magnifier, and left- click to zoom in on the part of the drawing. 1.Select the Note Note Magnifier tool. Right-click the magnifier to zoom out on a drawing. 2. Click the box pointer on the area which you want to magnify. Selection Tool Selection tools are used to select drawing or a part of drawing and perform various operations on the selected part like cut, copy, resize and rotate/ flip. Rectangular Selection Tool This tool is used to select a rectangular shaped area of an image. 22
The steps to use the Rectangular selection tool are: 1. On the Home tab, in the Image group, click on the arrow on Select. Select the Rectangular selection option from the list. 2. Click and drag over the area of the drawing (which you want to select). You can see a dotted box around the selected area. 1. Select the 2. Drag the mouse Rectangular to select the part of selection tool. the drawing. The defined area is called the cutout. Free- Form Selection Tool The Free-form selection tool is used to select an irregular area of a drawing. The steps to use the Free-form selection tool are: 1. On the Home tab, in the Image group, click on the arrow on Select. Select the Free-form selection option from the list. 2. Click and drag the mouse irregularly over the area of the drawing (which you want to select). 23
After completion, as you release 1. Select the Free-form the mouse, the irregular selection selection Tool. will convert into a rectangular selection. 2. Click and drag in a irregular way to define the area in the desired shape. Select All Tool The Select all selection tool is used to select the entire drawing. The steps to use the Select all selection tool are: 1. On the Home tab, in the Image group, click on the arrow on Select. Select the Select all selection option from the list. 2. The entire drawing will be selected. 1. Select the Note select all tool. The selected area can be moved, 2. Entire drawing will copied or resized as be selected automatically. required. 24
Moving the selection The selected part can be dragged to a new location. The steps to move the selected part of the drawing are: 1. Select the part of the drawing which is required to be moved. 2. Bring the mouse cursor inside the selection, the mouse cursor converts into four-sided arrows. 3. Drag the selected part to the new location. 1. Select the part 2. Bring the pointer inside of drawing. the selection and drag it to the new position. Copy and Paste the selection The selected part can be copied and pasted to a new location. The steps to copy and paste the selected part of the drawing are: 1. Select the part of the 2 1. Select the part drawing which is required of drawing. to be copied. 2. Click on Copy in the Clipboard group. 3. Selected/copied part is pasted. 4. Bring the pointer inside the selection and drag it to the new position. 25
3. Now, click on the Paste option in the Clipboard group. The selected part of the drawing is pasted on the top left corner of the drawing area. 4. Put the mouse cursor on the pasted part and click and drag it to the (desired) location. Activity Select a part of a drawing, press the Ctrl key, bring the pointer inside the selection and drag it to the new position. This action will copy the selected part and paste it to the new position. Cut and Paste the selection The selected part can be cut and pasted to a new location. The steps to cut and paste the selected part of the drawing are: 1. Select the part of the drawing which is required to be cut. 2. Click on Cut in the Clipboard group. 3. Now, click on Paste in the Clipboard group. The selected part of the drawing is pasted on the top left corner of the drawing area. 2 3 1. Select the part Selected/cut part of drawing. is pasted here. 4. Put the mouse cursor on the 4. Bring the pointer inside pasted part, click and drag it to the selection and drag it the (desired) location. to the new position. 26
Resizing the selection The selected part can be resized (increased or decreased). Resize means to change its actual size. The steps to resize the selected part of a drawing are: 1. Select a part of the 1. Select a part drawing. of drawing. 2. Bring the pointer on 2. Bring the pointer on the correct the corner/edge of the edge of the selection; Click and drag selection. Click and the mouse to resize the selected part. drag the mouse to increase or decrease the selected part. 1 OR 1. Click on Resize in 2. Give numeric values in the Horizontal and Vertical the Image group. The text boxes. Resize and Skew dialog box appears. 3. Click on the OK button. 4. The selected part 2. Give numeric value (as is resized. per your requirement) in the Horizontal and Vertical text boxes. 3. Click on the OK button. 4. The selected part will be resized. 27
Rotate or Flip Tool The Rotate or flip tool is used to rotate the whole drawing or a selected part of a drawing. The steps to rotate or flip a drawing are: 1. Select the image/drawing. 2. Click on the Rotate option in the Image group. 3. Select the required option, e.g. Rotate right 90°. The image will be rotated according to the option. 2. Select the required option. 1. Select the image (or part of image). 3. Rotate Right 90°. How to open a New File 1. Click on the Paint button. 2. Click on the New option. A new blank drawing(white) area appears in the Paint window. Note SHORTCUT Ctrl + N To open a new file: Every new picture has a default name, ‘Untitled'. 28
1 How to Save a File/ Picture 2 1. Click on the Paint button. 3 2. Click on Save. The Save As dialog box appears. 3. Type the file name in the File name box. 4 4. Click on the Save button. How to open a saved File/ Picture 1 4 2 1. Click on the Paint button. 3 2. Click on the Open option. The Open dialog box appears. 3. Select the file name from the list. 4. Click on the Open button. Setting Image/Drawing as Wallpaper In Paint, you can set your drawing as the wallpaper on the desktop. Let's do it practically. 1. Draw a picture. 2. Save your drawing. 3. Click on the Paint button and select the Set as Desktop Background option. 4. Close the Paint window by clicking on the Paint → Exit option. Your drawing appears on the desktop as the wallpaper. 29
Quick Review The Magnifier tool is used to view a picture in the magnified form. The Rectangular Selection Tool is used to select a rectangular area of an image. The Free-form Selection Tool s used to select a part or the complete drawing in a 'free-form shape'. You can move, copy or resize the selected image. Fun Zone A. Draw the following pictures as per the instruction given below. 1. Draw a flower, colour it with proper colours. 2. Copy the flower with the Free-form selection tool and paste it at different locations. 3. Click on the Color fill tool and fill different colours in the flowers. See the figures for reference. B. 1. Draw a colourful hut. 2. Copy the hut with the Rectangular selection tool and paste it at the different locations. 3. Click on the Color fill tool and fill different colours in the huts. See the figures for reference. 30
A. Choose the correct answer. 1. The ________ tool is used to select a rectangle-shaped area in an image. a) Rectangular selection b) Free-form selection c) Select all d) None of these 2. The ___________ tool is used to select a drawing or part of a drawing. a) Colors b) Select c) Rotate and flip d) None of these 3. Click on Paint button → _________ to open a drawing in MS Paint. a) New b) Save c) Open d) Selection 4. If you want to rotate the selection by 180°, which option is used? a) Flip vertical b) Rotate 180° c) Rotate 90° d) Flip horizontal 5. We can flip an image or a part of it by using the ___________ tool. a) Text b) Selection c) Rotate and flip d) Magnifier B. Fill in the blanks. Click, Selection, Select all, Tools 1. The Color picker tool is available in _________________ section. 2. To select the whole drawing in Paint, ______________ can be used. 3. To drag the selection in a drawing,__________ and drag the mouse. 4. Free-form selection is a type of ______________________ tool. C. Answer of the following questions. 1. What is the use of the Color picker tool? ___________________________________________________________ 31
2. What is the use of Rotate tool? ______________________________________________________________ 3. What is the use of the Magnifier tool? ______________________________________________________________ D. Distinguish between the following. 1. Rectangular Selection and Free-form Selection. ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 2. Cut & Paste and Copy & Paste the selection. ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 3. Opening a new file and Opening a saved file. ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 1. Draw a small red rose. Select and copy the rose, paste it at different locations in the drawing area. Now, use the Color fill tool and fill yellow and pink colours in some of the roses. 2. Draw a beautiful Jungle scene. Save the drawing and set it as the wallpaper on the desktop. Teacher's Signature : __________________ Teacher's Remark : WEB http://stutzfamily.com/mrstutz/Paint/paintcommands.htm LINKS Teacher’s Corner Dear teacher, you can give some more assignments using the Resizing, Selection and Rotate & flip tools. 32
4 Know Your Computer Dear Teacher, Yes Students, In this chapter we We wonder what all is computer will get to know more about a made of and how computer system and its various does it perform all the tasks. components. A computer is a machine which can do a variety of tasks at the same time. This is the reason why computer is being used in different areas. Children, do you agree that a computer can do a variety of tasks? Now, let us check what you can do with your computer: Tick () the type of work that you can do on your computer. 1. Play Games 5. Watch movies 2. Drawing and colouring 6. Send and receive e-mails 3. Type letters 7. Store files 4. Learn about various subjects 8. Make our food What is a computer and how does it work? A computer is an electronic machine that takes data (or instructions) as input, processes it and gives the result as output. A computer works in the following way: 1. You enter the data and instructions into the computer using the input devices (e.g., keyboard or mouse). This is called the input data. Instructions tell the computer about what to do with data. 33
2. The computer works on the input data with the help of the processing unit (e.g., CPU). This is called processing. 3. After processing the data, the computer gives results on the output devices (e.g., monitor, printer, etc.). This is called an output. The above-mentioned steps together forms the Input-Process-Output process (IPO process). Let's understand it with the help of the following examples; 1. Flour : Input Knead : Process Dough : Output 2. 5 15 Instruction: Add +10 Data: 5, 10 Output 15 Input Process Limitations of a Computer 1. A computer is a dumb machine. It cannot do anything on its own, if no command is given to it. 2. A computer, being an electronic device, can work only when electricity is available. The parts of a computer are divided into two categories: Hardware and Software. Let's learn about them. Hardware The physical parts of a computer which you can touch and feel are called the Hardware. For example– mouse, keyboard, monitor, CPU, etc. Hardware parts are further classified into the following categories – a) Input Devices b) Processing Devices c) Output Devices d) Storage Devices 34
Input Devices Input devices are used to feed data or instructions (input) into a computer. Some examples of input devices are given below. Mouse Keyboard Scanner Web camera Joystick Microphone Activity Take your previous class report card and scan it with the help of your teacher/ parent then save it on your computer. (Hint: Use a Scanner) Processing Device (CPU) A CPU processes the data or instruction given by the user and generates the desired output. It is the main processing device and also known as “brain” of the computer system. The CPU is located inside the system unit, which is a rectangular box placed on or underneath your desk. It is made of three main parts— 1. Memory Unit (MU) 2. Control Unit (CU) 3. Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU) 35
Output Devices The Output devices are used to get the output from a computer, after processing the input data. Let's have a look at some of these devices. Monitor Printer Speakers Headphone Storage Devices Storage devices are used to store data. For example, Hard Disk, DVD, Pen drive, RAM, ROM, etc. There are two types of storage devices; 1. Primary or Internal storage 2. Secondary or External storage 1. Primary storage device Primary storage devices are primarily used by the CPU. Primary storage consists of two different memory devices: ROM and RAM. ROM: It stands for Read Only Memory. It stores the basic instructions to boot (start) the computer. It stores the data permanently. RAM: It stands for Random Access Memory. It is also known as the computer memory. It stores the data temporarily. The CPU uses it to store the supporting files of the programs which are currently running on the computer. 2. Secondary storage device A secondary storage device is used to store the work done (file) on a computer permanently. Some examples of the secondary storage devices are given below. 36
The Hard Disk The Hard Disk is the main secondary storage device of a computer. It is located inside the system unit. All the work you do on a computer, by default gets stored in the hard disk. The CD (Compact Disc) A CD is a bright round disk that can store information like video, audio, text, images, etc. In a CD we can store data up to 700 MB. The DVD (Digital Versatile Disc) DVD A DVD looks similar to a CD but it can store more data than a CD. In a DVD we can store data up to 4.7 GB. The Pen Drive A Pen Drive is an easy-to-use, small-sized storage device. It is plugged into the USB port of a computer. Pen Drives are very popular external storage devices and are common now-a-days. Presently, in a Pen Drive we can store up to 64 GB data. Software The software is a set of instructions or program that tells a computer hardware what to do and how to do. A computer is useless machine without software. For example– Windows 10, Windows 7, Tux Paint, WordPad, etc. There are two major categories of software– 1. System Software 2. Application Software 1. System Software It controls the overall functionality of a computer. Operating system is a type of system software which provides the platform to use a computer. For example - Windows 7, Window 10, Linux, macOS, etc. 37
Amazing Fact Some more examples of an operating system are Ubuntu, Simplified Linux Setup; IRIX, SGI Dogfight; Unix, The Shell Terminal, etc. 2. Application Software An application software helps us to perform specific tasks or run specific applications on a computer. For example - Tux Paint, WordPad, MS Paint, etc. Activity Search the internet and try to find out some more categories of software. How to use Portable Storage Devices DVD (Digital Versatile Disc) Combo Drive This device is used to read the contents of a CD/DVD. Using a CD/DVD To use a CD/DVD, follow the steps given below: 1. Press the DVD Combo Drive button, a tray will come out. 2. Put the disk on the tray. 3. Again, press the DVD Combo Drive button, the tray will go inside. 4. Now, open the Computer window and double- click on the DVD Drive. 5. Select any file or folder and double-click on it to open it. 38
USB (Universal Serial Bus) Ports This port is used to connect an external device to a computer. Using a Pen Drive To use a Pen Drive, follow the steps given below: 1. Insert the Pen Drive in any of the USB ports on the System Unit. 2. Open the Computer window and click on the newly created drive other than the permanent drives. 3. The contents of the pen drive will be displayed. Quick Review A computer is an electronic machine that takes data, process it and gives the result. A computer works on the concept of I-P-O process. A computer has two major components: hardware and software. The physical parts of a computer which can be seen and touched are called the hardware. Input devices are used to give data or instructions (input) to a computer. Processing device processes the input data or instructions and generates the output. 39
Output devices are used to get output from a computer. Storage devices are used to store data. There are two types of memory: primary storage and secondary storage. A software is a set of instructions or program that tells the hardware what to do and how to do. The two major categories of software are the system software and the application software. Fun Activity A. Some of the parts of a computer are given below. Write them in their respective categories. RAM, Keyboard, Mouse, Hard Disk, Scanner, ROM, Joystick, Headphone, Speakers, Pen Drive, Monitor, Printer, DVD, Web camera Input Devices Output Devices Storage Devices _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ 40
B. Identify the following parts of a computer. A. Choose the correct answer. 1. __________ devices are used to feed data into a computer. a) Input b) Output c) Processing d) Storage 2. ___________ is also known as primary storage device. a) ROM b) RAM c) Both a) and b) d) DVD 3. Which of the following works can be done on a computer? a) Play games b) Watch movies c) Listen songs d) All of these 4. A CD can store data up to ___________. a) 4.7 GB b) 700 MB c) 1 TB d) None of these 5. DVD Combo Drive is used to read the contents of __________. a) DVD b) CD c) Both a) & b) d) Pen drive 41
B. Fill in the blanks. CPU, Hard Disk, Hardware, Pen Drive, ROM 1. ________________ stores the commands to boot the computer. 2. ____________ is the main secondary storage device of a computer. 3. The _____________ is the main processing device of a computer. 4. ______________________ is a popular external storage device. 5. The physical parts of a computer are known as ______________. C. Tick () the correct statement and cross () out the wrong one. 1. RAM is the primary storage device. 2. We can store data in a Pen Drive up to 64 GB. 3. Printer is an output device. 4. WordPad is a system software. 5. USB port is used to run a DVD on a computer. D. Answer the following questions. 1. What is a computer? ______________________________________________________________ 2. The parts of a computer are divided into two categories. Name them. ______________________________________________________________ 3. Name any two output devices. ______________________________________________________________ 4. Name any two storage devices. ______________________________________________________________ 5. What is a software? ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 42
E. Write down the steps for the following. 1. To use a Pen drive in a computer. ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 2. To open a CD on a computer. ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 1. Search on the internet about some more examples of input devices, output devices and storage devices with a small description to each (that are not given in this chapter). 2. Collect the information about the different types of printers and memory drives (pen drive and optical disk) from the newspapers/internet. Teacher's Signature : __________________ Teacher's Remark : WEB http://people.bu.edu/baws/computer%20fundamental.html http://teachmecomputers.tripod.com/ LINKS Teacher’s Corner Dear teachers, please introduce the various parts of a computer to the students so that they can understand them in a better way. 43
5 Fun with LOGO Dear Teacher, Yes Students, What is a LOGO is a basic programming programming language. language? Is there It is a very easy and any interesting interesting language. programming We will learn about its language for kids? basic commands. Introduction Hi children, do you know how can you talk to a computer? A computer does not understand any of the languages that you speak. You need to instruct the computer in a special language to make it understand your requirements. There are various computer languages. LOGO is one such language which is used to interact with a computer. It is a very simple computer language through which various functions like: -drawing pictures, displaying text, doing calculations, etc. can be performed. Various versions of LOGO are available. In this courseware you will learn about MSW LOGO. Starting MSW LOGO The steps to start MSW LOGO are: 1. Click on the Start button. 23 4 1 2. Click on All Programs. 3. Click on Microsoft Windows Logo folder. 4. Click on Microsoft Windows Logo option. 44
MSW LOGO WIndow MSW LOGO screen has 2 parts: Graphic Screen and Commander Window. 1. Graphic (Main) Screen: The blank space in the Note middle of the window is the Main or Graphic Screen, where you can see the drawn pictures. The turtle is a small triangular structure. The triangle ∆ present on the screen is called the turtle. You can give instructions or commands to the turtle for the movements. Menu Bar Turtle Graphic Screen Command Recall List Box Control input box Buttons 2. Commander Window: Just under the Main or Graphic Screen you will find the Commander Window. The different components of the Commander Window are as follows: A. Recall List Box It is the grey section that stores all the commands given to LOGO. It also displays an error message, which is the result of a wrong command. It will record all the outputs including what you type in the input box. B. Command Input Box The text box below the Recall List Box is known as the Command Input Box. This is where you type all the commands. 45
C. Control Buttons The buttons on the right side of the Recall List Box are called the Control Buttons. They are used to perform their specific tasks. Halt button : It immediately stops the LOGO from processing any further command. Trace button : The Trace button traces all the mistakes while giving commands to LOGO for debugging of a program. Pause button : It holds LOGO so that you can check the commands you have entered and make the corrections. Status button : It opens the Status Window which shows the current settings in LOGO. Reset button : It clears the Main screen and places the turtle back at the center of the screen. Execute button : It is used to run a command entered in the Command Input Box. Edall button : It is used to add the procedures or change the existing procedures. Basic Commands The instructions that you give to a computer are called commands. These commands are also called Primitives and they do special kind of tasks. Let's learn about some of the basic commands. Forward Command (FD) The FORWARD or FD command is used to move the turtle forward in the direction in which it is pointing. It needs the number of steps to move forward. For example, FD 50. The steps to use FORWARD command are: 1. Put the mouse cursor (by clicking) in the command input box. 46
2. Type FD, press Spacebar and type any number. For example, 50. 3. Press the Enter key or click on the Execute button. The turtle moves forward by 50 points in the direction in which it is pointing. Note If you give a large number, e.g. FD 900, the turtle will first move upto the top of the screen and because it cannot move forward, it will go around the screen and start drawing from the bottom of the screen. Back Command (BK) The BACK or BK command is used to move the turtle in the direction opposite to which it is pointing. It needs the number of steps to move backward. For example, BK 50. The steps to use the BACK command are: 1. Put the mouse cursor (by clicking) in the command input box. 2. Type BK, press Spacebar and type any number. For example, 50. 3. Press the Enter key or click on the Execute button. The turtle moves backward by 50 points in the direction opposite to which it is pointing. Right Command (RT) The RIGHT or RT command is used to turn the turtle towards its right side. It needs a number of degree to know the angle of turn. For example, RT 45. The steps to use RIGHT command are: 47
1. Put the mouse cursor (by clicking) in the command input box. 2. Type RT, press Spacebar and type any number. For example, 45. 3. Press the Enter key or click on the Execute button. The turtle turns right by 45 degrees. Rotating the Turtle : The following figure will help you to understand how the turtle can be rotated. Left Command (LT) The LEFT or LT command is used to turn the turtle towards its left side. It needs a number of degree to know the angle of turn. For example, LT 45. The steps to use the LEFT command are: 1. Put the mouse cursor (by clicking) in the command input box. 2. Type LT, press Spacebar and type any number. For example, 45. 3. Press the Enter key or click on the Execute button. The turtle turns left by 45 degrees. 48
Fun Activity Draw the following diagrams using the FD, BK, RT, LT and Home commands. Home Command The HOME command is used to bring the turtle back to its starting/center position. Note The HOME command does not erase the lines already drawn. It draws a line as the turtle moves. Before using After using the HOME Command the HOME Command Clearscreen Command (CS) The CLEARSCREEN or CS command clears the contents or drawing on the screen and brings the turtle back to the home/center/starting position. Note The RESET button in the control buttons section is used for the same purpose. 49
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