, ™}•Xl} XZ• ™¶•A`I ®C , BC£O•{A ´{k B¶X•}k iwa¶ u•a £ Hs .™{BR{A §Y° ßs ZBay A ®C £{ NXR¶ Ωs £¶{k• C Bهﻮاء زﺟﺎج ﻗﺮﻳﻨﺘﻪ A 1.5 :5 ·¶Z}K{Asin(30)=1,5 sin(i2) i2=19,5° ، α= 180-(60+90-19.5)=49,5°1,5 sin(90-49,5)= sin(i3) i3= 77°
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1 = 1 + 1 OA' − 60 40 OA' = 240cm : £ }•™aXl{A ·k XlIK• ™¶w¶wR ©Z•e{A ·C ®C , JO•} ZAXw} •°• .B¢t{U• ZK} 2.4 ZAXw}I : XO γ = AB = OA : ™vΩl{A x¶IiKI A' B' OA' γ = 2 = − 0.6 A' B' 2.4 A' B' = −8cm : XO £ }• .™I•{w}• ™¶w¶wR ©Z•e{A ·C ®C , J{Ba ZAXw} •°•B O f’ A’Af B’ :9 ·¶Z}K{A . OA =-20cm ·Hs ,ßw¶wR ~aO{A ·C B}I .OA’<0 ·Hs ,™¶}°• ~aO{A ©Z•e ·C B}I• . γ = +3 : Z¶IyK{A ·•y¶ £ }• γ = OA' = OA' = +3 : ®C OA − 0.2 . OA’ = -0.6m : XO £ }•
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.Yº•t{A ßs ZcK K ™¶K•e ™O•} -Q .≠A•¢{A ßs ZcK K ™¶Æ•g ™O•} -X . 3x105km/s≠A•¢{A ßs ≠•g{A ™kZa ·DI B}{k . ≠A•¢{A ßs ZcK K ™¶K•e ™O•} ß{A•}{A ·B¶I{A |M}¶ -4 .™¶K•e{A ™O•}{A §Y° ™la• ZKA•K• Z•X ·B¶I{A ·} XO•C -C v = ≠A•¢{A ßs L•e{A ™kZa ·DI B}{k , ™O•}{A |•i PK KaC -J . 340m/s ?AYB}{ ?L•e{A AY° m}aK ·C ™¶XBl{A ™¶ZcI{A ·Yø{ ·y}¶ |° -Q cm s 2cm 2x10-3s£KX°Bc} ·} ™¶ BM 0.1XlI XkZ{A L•e ,Zi}} •O ßs,fUc m}a¶-5 .xZI{{XkZ{A nB}a• xZI{A ©X°Bc} ·¶I ß }`{A xZt{A X•O• JIa •° B} -1 ?£ k ~OB {A ?fUc{A• ©XkAZ{A ™IBRa{A ·By} ·¶I ™{eBt{A ™sBa}{A ß° B}-2·k ZXBe{A XkZ{A L•e fUc{A AY° m}a¶ ·}`{A ·} ~y XlI -3 ? 50km™sBa}I £ k XlIK ©XkAZ ™IBRa
2 |BaZ¬A ™¶ÆB¶`¶t{A ~•{l{A ™ta{s• JAXE ®• BM 2 ßKAY{A S¶ReK{A ™I•OC -1|ÆA•a{A ßs ®C ,™¶XB}{A iBa•æA ßs ZcK ¶• rAZt{A ßs L•e{A ZcK ¶ º -C .™I{e{A ~BaOæA• LA`Bp{A• .©XB}{_{ |BwK A NXR¶ º• ™vBi{_{ |BwK A NXR¶ ™¶K•e ™O•} ZBcK A X k -Jßs ia•{A LBƶ`O ™yZR ´R } B¢¶s ·•y¶ ßK{A ™O•}{A ß° ™¶{•i{A ™O•}{A -Q™yZR ´R } B¢¶s ·•y¶ ßK{A ™O•}{A ß° ™¶gZl{A ™O•}{A• ,ZBcK ºA ´R } ™¢O .ZBcK ºA ´R } ´{k B¶X•}k ia•{A LBƶ`O :™¶K•e LºBO} ™MΩM zB ° -X .`KZ¶°20000 ·} ZIyC ZKA•K{A ~¶v £¶s ·•yK• ßl}a{A x•s |BO}* .`KZ¶°20000•15·¶I ©Z•eR} ZKA•K{A ~¶v £¶s ·•yK• ßl}a |BO}* .BI¶ZwK`KZ¶°15 ·} ZpeC ZKA•K{A ~¶v £¶s ·•yK• ßl}a{A LRK |BO}* -2 .·}`{A / ™sBa}{A = ™kZa{A :·DI ~{l V = X/t = 1531m/s ZRI{A ≠B} = 5050m/s ; VYº•s= 340m/s ; V≠A•°V :·•y¶ £¶{k• :≠A•°V = 340m/s N¶R , ≠A•¢{A |OC ·} - 29.4s = = 10000/340 t : Yº•sV = 5050m/s N¶R ,Yº•t{A |OC ·} - 173
2 |BaZ¬A ™¶ÆB¶`¶t{A ~•{l{A ™ta{s• JAXE ®• BM 2 2s = = 10000/5050 t :ZRI{A ≠B}V = 1531m/sN¶R ,ZRI{A ≠B} |OC ·} - t = 10000/1531 = 6.5s -3:ß{BK{By ia• |y JaR ZBcK ºA ·}`{A ·•y¶ , 10.20km ß° ™sBa}{A ·G N¶R :≠A•°V = 340m/s N¶R , ≠A•¢{A |OC ·} - t = 10200/340 =30s : Yº•sV = 5050m/s N¶R ,Yº•t{A |OC ·} - t = 10200/5050 = 2s :ZRI{A ≠B}V = 1531m/sN¶R ,ZRI{A ≠B} |OC ·} - t = 10200/1531 = 6.66s :≠•gV = 300000km/s ™¶Æ•g ™O•} |OC ·} - t = 10200/300000 = 0.34 s -4cm :™ }`æA Z•R} ´{k ·B¶I{A ·} CZw -C s T = 1x2x10-3 :XO T= 2x10-3s :®C2cm T x¶IiKI ZKA•K{A ™}¶v XBO¶G ·y}¶ - s32x10- f = 1/T : ™vΩl{A f = 1/ 2x10-3: XO s . f = 500Hz : ®C 174
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