Fjalori

["149 FJALOR I P\u00cbRGJITHSH\u00cbM I FUSH\u00cbS S\u00cb TELEKOMUNIKACIONIT TRAU (Transcoder and Rate Triple Play\u00a0Service \u2013 Sh\u00ebrbimiAdaption Unit) \u2013 Transkoderi Tresh (i trefisht\u00eb)dhe Nj\u00ebsia e P\u00ebrshtatjes s\u00ebShpejt\u00ebsis\u00eb N\u00eb telekomunikacion \u201ctriple play\u201d \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb term komercial TRAU realizon funksionin e q\u00eb tregon ofrimin e tre llojevetranskodimit p\u00ebr kanalet e z\u00ebrit t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimeve t\u00eb ndryshmedhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatjes s\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsis\u00eb (p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht z\u00eb, t\u00eb dh\u00ebna dhep\u00ebr kanalet e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave. K\u00ebshtu figur\u00eb) n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb mbi nj\u00ebn\u00eb rrjetet PSTN p\u00ebr z\u00ebrin kanali lidhje t\u00eb vetme m\u00eb brez t\u00eb gjer\u00eb. Meduhet t\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb nj\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsi k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb abonenti, n\u00eb linj\u00ebn e64Kbit\/s, nd\u00ebrsa teknikat e sotme vet. mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdor\u00eb internetin m\u00ebb\u00ebjn\u00eb t\u00eb mundur uljen e k\u00ebsaj shpejt\u00ebsi t\u00eb lart\u00eb, t\u00eb shikoj\u00eb kanaletshpejt\u00ebsie (psh. n\u00eb rrjetet GSM televiziv\u00eb si dhe t\u00eb flas\u00eb n\u00eb telefon.realizohet 13Kbit\/s p\u00ebr shpejt\u00ebsi t\u00ebplot\u00eb ose m\u00eb e vog\u00ebl p\u00ebr m\u00ebnyra Trunk \u2013 Qarkt\u00eb tjera). Duke qen\u00eb s\u00eb pajisjetkomutuese (centralet) t\u00eb rrjeteve Zakonisht koncepti qark it\u00eb telekomunikacioneve jan\u00eb t\u00eb referohet rrug\u00ebs lidhj\u00ebse midisprojektuar t\u00eb komutojn\u00eb kanale sistemeve t\u00eb nj\u00eb rrjeti (operatori)64Kbit\/s, athere p\u00ebr t\u00eb mund\u00ebsuar ose midis rrjeteve (operator\u00ebve).komunikimin midis dy rrjeteve M\u00eb thjesht m\u00eb qark n\u00ebnkuptohetduhet q\u00eb t\u00eb realizohet konvertimi elementi lidh\u00ebs midis dynga shpejt\u00ebsi m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebta n\u00eb at\u00eb centraleve (switches). Nj\u00eb qark64Kbps (standrad) dhe e kund\u00ebrta. nuk identifikohet nga nj\u00eb num\u00ebr specifik (si num\u00ebr i abonentit) dhe Triple Band (Tri \u2013 band) \u2013 nuk sh\u00ebrben p\u00ebr t\u00eb lidhur abonentinBanda e Trefisht\u00eb fundor dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb thirrje (gj\u00eb e cila realizohet nga \u201clinja\u201d). Shpesh Zakonisht ju referohet pajisjeve trunk\u2013u cil\u00ebsohet si lidhje midisq\u00eb suportojn\u00eb tre banda (breza) zyrave \u201cinter \u2013 office\u201d.frekuencash t\u00eb ndryshme.Ky term lidhet me rrjetet e Trunked Radio System \u2013telekomunikacioneve t\u00eb l\u00ebvizshme Sistemi me Qarqe Radio(mobile) dhe tregon ato pajisje(apo telefona) t\u00eb cilat jan\u00eb aft\u00eb t\u00eb \u201cTrunked Radio Sytem\u201dpunojn\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebto tri breza (p.sh. n\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebson nj\u00eb rrjet radio ku sistemetbrezin 900 Mhz, n\u00eb 1800Mhz dhe operojn\u00eb s\u00eb bashku n\u00eb frekuenca t\u00ebn\u00eb 2100Mhz). ndryshme (q\u00eb i p\u00ebrkasin s\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebs T","FJALOR I P\u00cbRGJITHSH\u00cbM 150I FUSH\u00cbS S\u00cb TELEKOMUNIKACIONITband\u00eb (brez) frekuencash), t\u00eb t\u00eb kalendarit, librit t\u00eb adresave, list\u00ebskontrolluar n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb komjuterike s\u00eb veprimeve apo t\u00eb p\u00ebrkujtesaveme q\u00ebllim p\u00ebrdorimin e tyre nga (alarmeve) n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje m\u00ebagjenci\/institucione t\u00eb ndryshme. ndryshimet n\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre t\u00ebNga pikpamja e shfryt\u00ebzimit dh\u00ebnave. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundshme siky sistem kompleks radio p\u00ebr pajisjet me tel (fikse) ashtu edhedydrejtim\u00ebshe (t\u00eb kontrolluar me n\u00eb t\u00eb atyre pa tel (wireless).m\u00ebnyr\u00eb komjuterike) b\u00ebn t\u00eb mundurshp\u00ebrndarjen e nj\u00eb numri t\u00eb vog\u00ebl Trunk Cable \u2013 Kabllo Kryesoreqarqesh komunikimi p\u00ebr nj\u00eb num\u00ebr (primare)t\u00eb madh p\u00ebrdoruesish. N\u00eb struktur\u00ebn e nj\u00eb rrjeti, pjesa TRX \u2013 TRX e sistemit kabllor q\u00eb realizon lidhjen e pikave kryesore t\u00eb tij (apo Thjesht tregon qarqet (rrug\u00ebt) kabineteve kryesore t\u00eb rrjetit urban)e transmetimit dhe marrjes s\u00eb m\u00eb sistemet qendrore t\u00eb tij quhensinjalit ose procesin e transmetimit kabllo kryesore ose rrjet primar.dhe marrjes s\u00eb tij. N\u00eb rrjetet e Rjeti kryesor (primar) mund t\u00eb jen\u00ebtelekomunikacioneve t\u00eb l\u00ebvizshme m\u00eb kabllo bakri apo fibra optike.tregon nj\u00eb kanal komunikimi p\u00ebr Shiko \u201cPrimary Network\u201d.vendosjen e bised\u00ebs. TRX (Transceiver) \u2013 Marr\u00ebs \/ TSP (Telecommunication Servicetransmetues Provider) \u2013 Ofrues i Sh\u00ebrbimeve t\u00eb Telekomunikacionit N\u00eb kuptimin e gjer\u00eb tregon nj\u00eb \u201cOfruesi (siguruesi \/ dh\u00ebn\u00ebsi) inj\u00ebsi e cila realizon si transmetimin sh\u00ebrbimeve t\u00eb telekomunikacionit\u201ddhe marrjen e sinjaleve radio ose \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb kompani e licensuar ngaelektrik\u00eb. N\u00eb rastin kur nuk ka qarqe organet p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse p\u00ebr t\u00eb ofruart\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt p\u00ebr transmetim dhe sh\u00ebrbimet e telekomunikacionitmarrje athere kemi pajisjen marr\u00ebse (t\u00eb llojeve dhe tipeve t\u00ebdhe pajisjen dh\u00ebn\u00ebse. ndrysh\u00ebm) p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesit e vet me an\u00eb t\u00eb sistemeve dhe TrueSync \u2013 Sinkronizim i rrjetit q\u00eb ajo ka nd\u00ebrtuar. K\u00ebshtuDrejt\u00eb dallojm\u00eb \u201cofrues sh\u00ebrbimesh t\u00eb telekomunikacioneve\u201d fikse, \u00cbsht\u00eb teknika q\u00eb lejon t\u00eb l\u00ebvizshme (pa tel), lokale,sinkronizimin optimal t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave komb\u00ebtare apo nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, etj.. T","151 FJALOR I P\u00cbRGJITHSH\u00cbM I FUSH\u00cbS S\u00cb TELEKOMUNIKACIONIT TTI (Time Transmission me \u00e7ifte p\u00ebrcjell\u00ebsish t\u00eb p\u00ebrdredhurInterval) \u2013 Intervali i Koh\u00ebs s\u00eb ose thjesht si kabllo telefonie etj.Transmetimit (kjo n\u00eb varesi t\u00eb destinacionit t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimit). N\u00eb k\u00ebto kabllo jo vet\u00ebm Intervali i Koh\u00ebs s\u00eb p\u00ebrcjell\u00ebsat jan\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrdredhur meTransmetimit \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb paramet\u00ebr nj\u00ebri tjetrin por edhe \u00e7iftet (kopjet)i rrjetit UMTS \u2013 Universal Mobile jan\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrdredhur midis tyre.Telecommunications System (si Kjo p\u00ebr t\u00eb zvog\u00ebluar fenomene eedhe i rrjeteve t\u00eb tjera numerike t\u00eb nd\u00ebrhyrjeve elektromagnetike ngatelekomunikacionit) q\u00eb i referohet nj\u00eb linj\u00eb tek nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr.nxjerjes (encapsulation) t\u00eb t\u00ebdh\u00ebnave nga nj\u00eb shtres\u00eb m\u00eb e lart\u00ebe rrjetit dhe krijimit t\u00eb kuadrove(frames) p\u00ebr ti transmetuar ato melidhjet mikrovalore. TTI i referohetkohw zgjatjes se transmetimit n\u00eblidhjen radiorele (mikrovalore)\/llimtransmetimin e tyre. Twisted Pair \u2013 \u00c7ift P\u00ebrcjell\u00eb- Twisted Pair Ethernet \u2013sish t\u00eb P\u00ebrdredhur Ethernet me nj\u00eb \u00c7ift P\u00ebrcjell\u00ebsish t\u00eb P\u00ebrdredhur. \u00c7ift p\u00ebrcjell\u00ebsish t\u00eb p\u00ebrdredhur(n\u00eb telekomunikacion njihet edhe Shiko \u201c10 Base T\u201d.si linj\u00eb ose kopje) n\u00ebnkupton dyp\u00ebrcjell\u00ebs bakri (me diamet\u00ebrzakonisht 0.3mm deri 0.6mmetj., kur ata p\u00ebrdoren n\u00eb rrjetetkabllore urbane) t\u00eb izoluar (psh.m\u00eb nj\u00eb shtres\u00eb polietileni) t\u00eb cil\u00ebtp\u00ebrdridhen me nj\u00ebri tjetrin m\u00eb meq\u00ebllim zvog\u00eblimin e induksionitelektromagnetik midis p\u00ebrcjell\u00ebsve. Twisted Pair Cable \u2013 Kabllo me\u00c7ifte p\u00ebrcjell\u00ebsish t\u00eb P\u00ebrdredhur Grupimi i nj\u00eb num\u00ebr t\u00eb caktuar\u00e7ifte p\u00ebrcjell\u00ebsish t\u00eb p\u00ebrdredhurnwnj\u00eb strukture kabllore njihet si kabllo T","FJALOR I P\u00cbRGJITHSH\u00cbM 152I FUSH\u00cbS S\u00cb TELEKOMUNIKACIONIT U UI (User Interface) \u2013 Nd\u00ebrfaqja e P\u00ebrdoruesit UE (User Equipment) \u2013 Pajisjee P\u00ebrdoruesit Nd\u00ebrfaqja e p\u00ebrdoruesit, n\u00eb fush\u00ebn telekomunikacionit (dhe jo N\u00eb kuptimin e gjer\u00eb me UE vet\u00ebm) \u00ebsht\u00eb elementi (hardwaren\u00ebnkuptojm\u00eb \u00e7do lloj pajisje\/ \/ software) q\u00eb sh\u00ebrben p\u00ebr t\u00eb real-terminal\/sistem t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesit izuar nd\u00ebrveprimit midis njeriut dhefundor t\u00eb rrjetit. K\u00ebshtu nj\u00eb pajisje pajisjes \/ sistemit \/ rrjetit, pra \u00ebsht\u00ebe p\u00ebrdoruesit mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb hap\u00ebsira ku ndodh ky nd\u00ebrveprimi.telefon i thjesht\u00eb, nj\u00eb kompjuterose nj\u00eb sistem m\u00eb i nd\u00ebrlikuar q\u00eb i U \u2013 Interface ISDN \u2013 Nd\u00ebrfaqjash\u00ebrben atij p\u00ebr t\u00eb komunikuar. Pra, U \u2013 ISDNUE mund ta konsiderojm\u00eb pajisjenterminale\/fundore t\u00eb rrjetit, e cila N\u00eb rrjetin numerik t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbi-b\u00ebn t\u00eb mundur gjenerimin, mbajtjen meve t\u00eb integruara ISDN (Inte-dhe p\u00ebrfundimin e thirrjeve. grated Services Digital Network) nd\u00ebrfaqja U \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nd\u00ebrfaqe UE (User Element) \u2013 Elementi elektrike q\u00eb realizon lidhjen siste-i P\u00ebrdoruesit meve q\u00ebndrore t\u00eb operatorit me p\u00ebrdoruesin. Kjo nd\u00ebrfaqe apliko- het p\u00ebr sh\u00ebrbimin e shpejt\u00ebsis\u00eb baz\u00eb (Basic Rate). N\u00eb rrjetin e telekomunikacioneve Umt\u00eb l\u00ebvizshme (p\u00ebrfshi: UMTS (Uni-versal Mobile Telecommunications \u00cbsht\u00eb nj\u00eb standard p\u00ebrSystem) dhe 3GPP LTE (Long Term nd\u00ebrfaqen ajrore midis BTS (BaseEvolution), \u00a0UE \u00ebsht\u00eb \u00e7do lloj pajisje terminal \/ transceiver station) dheq\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret direkt nga nj\u00eb p\u00ebrdorues MS (Mobile Station) n\u00eb rrjetin efundor p\u00ebr t\u00eb realizuar komunikimin. telekomunikacioneve t\u00eb l\u00ebvizshme GSM. Shiko \u201cair interface\u201d UHF (Ultra \u2013 High Frequency) Um Interface \u2013 Nd\u00ebrfaqja Um\u2013 Frekuenca Ultra t\u00eb Larta Si m\u00eb sip\u00ebr, \u00ebsht\u00eb nd\u00ebrfaqja Jan\u00eb frekuencat q\u00eb shtrihen n\u00eb mes BTS dhe MS. Quhet Um sepsebrezin nga 300 MHz \u2013 3 GHz, sipas ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb nd\u00ebrfaqja midis rrjetit t\u00ebITU (me gjat\u00ebsi vale nga 1m deri1dm) U","153 FJALOR I P\u00cbRGJITHSH\u00cbM I FUSH\u00cbS S\u00cb TELEKOMUNIKACIONITl\u00ebvizsh\u00ebm dhe nd\u00ebrfaqes U \u2013 ISDN Universal Service \u2013 Sh\u00ebrbimi(Integrated Services Digital Net- Universalwork). Shiko \u201cair interface\u201d. Sh\u00ebrbimi universal \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb UMTS (Universal Mobile term ekonomik, legal dhe biznesiTelecommunications System) \u2013 q\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret gjer\u00ebsisht n\u00eb sektor\u00ebtSistemi Universal i Telekomunika- industrial\u00eb dhe t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimit t\u00ebcioneve t\u00eb L\u00ebvizshme (Mobile) cil\u00ebt jan\u00eb t\u00eb kontrolluar dhe rregullohen m\u00eb q\u00ebllim sigurimin eSistemi Universal i nivelit baz\u00eb t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimit p\u00ebr \u00e7do banor\/familje t\u00eb nj\u00eb vendi. K\u00ebshtuTelekomunikacioneve t\u00eb L\u00ebvizshme n\u00eb telekomunikacion sh\u00ebrbimi universal n\u00ebnkupton q\u00eb \u00e7do individ(UMTS) \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb sistem i gjenerat\u00ebs brenda nj\u00eb vendi, pavar\u00ebsisht nga vendndodhja e tyre gjeografike,s\u00eb tret\u00eb (3G) t\u00eb sistemeve t\u00eb duhet t\u00eb ket\u00eb n\u00eb dispozicion sh\u00ebrbimin baz\u00eb t\u00eb telefonit n\u00eb nj\u00ebtelekomunikacioneve t\u00eb l\u00ebvizshme i \u00e7mim t\u00eb pranuesh\u00ebm.zhvilluar n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb standardit GSM. Uplink \u2013 UplinkGjithashtu ky sistem njihet edhe si Uplink (drejtimi i sip\u00ebrm) \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb term i p\u00ebrdorur n\u00eb rrjetet esistemi m\u00eb brez t\u00eb gjer\u00eb dhe b\u00ebn komunikimit (telekomunikacionit, internetit, radio, satelitore etj.) p\u00ebrt\u00eb mundur transmetimin me an\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00eb treguar drejtimin e lidhjes nga p\u00ebrdoruesi fundor drejt pajisjeve\/paketave si t\u00eb teksteve ashtu edhe sistemeve t\u00eb nj\u00eb rrjeti (ose lidhjen e drejtimit nga toka n\u00eb satelit). Thjeshtt\u00eb z\u00ebrit numerik, figur\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb tregon drejtimin e p\u00ebrdorues \u2013 rrjet n\u00eb k\u00ebndv\u00ebshtrimin e lidhjes.dh\u00ebnave multimediale me shpejt\u00ebsi Upstream \u2013 Rrjedha e Sip\u00ebrmem\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb se 2Mbs. (nga p\u00ebrdoruesi fundor n\u00eb pajisje \/ sistemet e rrjetit) Unit Price \u2013 \u00c7mimi Nj\u00ebsi Upstream \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb term i p\u00ebr- \u00cbsht\u00eb \u00e7mimi i dh\u00ebn\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb dorur n\u00eb telekomunikacion q\u00eb tre-element (material apo sh\u00ebrbim) gon l\u00ebvizjen (rrjedh\u00ebn) nj\u00ebdrejtim-t\u00eb vet\u00ebm pjes\u00eb e nj\u00eb projekti,objekti, sh\u00ebrbimi etj. Zakonisht\u00e7mimi total varet nga \u00e7mimi nj\u00ebsidhe sasia. \u00c7mimi nj\u00ebsi (si shkallam\u00eb e lart\u00eb e zb\u00ebrthimit t\u00eb \u00e7mimittotal t\u00eb ofruar) cil\u00ebsohet si nj\u00eb edh\u00ebn\u00eb e domosdoshme, sidomosp\u00ebr periudh\u00ebn pas furnizimit apond\u00ebrtimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb objekti. U","FJALOR I P\u00cbRGJITHSH\u00cbM 154I FUSH\u00cbS S\u00cb TELEKOMUNIKACIONITshe t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave nga p\u00ebrdoruesi dhe fizikisht m\u00eb t\u00eb vogla se disqetfundor n\u00eb drejtim t\u00eb rrjetit. Thjesht optike.tregon drejtimin l\u00ebvizjes s\u00eb trafikutnga p\u00ebrdoruesi n\u00eb rrjet. UPS (Uninterruptible Power USIM (Universal Subscrib-Supply) \u2013 Furnizim me Energji er Identity Module) \u2013 Modulielektrike t\u00eb Pand\u00ebrprer\u00eb Universal i Identitetit t\u00eb Abonentit Nj\u00eb pajisje ushqimi q\u00eb siguron USIM \u00ebsht\u00eb emri i zakonsh\u00ebm inj\u00eb furnizim me energji elektrike kart\u00ebs smart (zgjuar) n\u00eb rrjetin 3G(AC) sistemet\/pajisjet elektrike\/ (UMTS) ekuivalente e GSM SIM. Kjoelektronike t\u00eb lidhura n\u00eb t\u00eb n\u00eb n\u00eb kart\u00eb p\u00ebrmban identitetin e abonentitrast t\u00eb nj\u00eb nd\u00ebrprerje t\u00eb energjis\u00eb dhe funksioni primar i saj \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00ebnga rrjeti kryesor. realizoj\u00eb lidhjen e sigurt t\u00eb telefonit mobile me rrjetin si dhe e kund\u00ebrta. USB (Universal Serial Bus) Funksione t\u00eb tjera jan\u00eb programet e\u2013 Shin\u00eb Seriale Universale (p\u00ebr mbrojtjes kund\u00ebr manipulimeve t\u00ebkomunikim) lidhjes (v\u00ebrtetimit \u2013 authentication), identifikimit t\u00eb abonentit (me an\u00eb t\u00eb USB \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb standard PIN) si dhe t\u00eb ruajtjes s\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnavekomunikimi serial q\u00eb b\u00ebn t\u00eb mundur si psh. numrave t\u00eb telefonave etj.lidhjen e disa nj\u00ebsive periferike menj\u00eb kompjuter. Pra \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nd\u00ebrfaqe UTP (Unshielded Twistede jasht\u00ebme seriale, e projektuar p\u00ebr Pair) \u2013 \u00c7ift (kopje) P\u00ebrcjell\u00ebsish t\u00ebt\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar funksionin \u201cplug and P\u00ebrdredhur t\u00eb Paekranizuar.play\u201d, pra lidhjen e pajisjeve dhev\u00ebnien e tyre n\u00eb pun\u00eb pa nevoj\u00ebn e UTP \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb tip kablloje q\u00ebrindezjes s\u00eb kompjuterit. p\u00ebrdoret ne rrjetet LAN si dhe n\u00eb lidhjet telefonike. \u00cbsht\u00eb i nd\u00ebrtuar USB Flash Drive \u2013 Memorie nga \u00e7ifte p\u00ebrcjell\u00ebsish t\u00eb p\u00ebrdredhurUSB por t\u00eb pa ekranizuara. Ky tip kablloje nuk ofron nj\u00eb gjer\u00ebsi bande t\u00eb Nj\u00eb pajisje q\u00eb sh\u00ebrben p\u00ebrruajtjen e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, e cila p\u00ebrfshinnj\u00eb memorie flash t\u00eb integruar menj\u00eb nd\u00ebrfaqe USB. Zakonisht jan\u00ebt\u00eb l\u00ebvizshme, t\u00eb rishkrueshme U","155 FJALOR I P\u00cbRGJITHSH\u00cbM I FUSH\u00cbS S\u00cb TELEKOMUNIKACIONITmadhe dhe nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht nuk ofron (bundling), nga ky i fundit quhetnj\u00eb mbrojtje t\u00eb mir\u00eb nga nd\u00ebrhyrjet ndarje. Psh. ofrimi i sh\u00ebrbimeve(n\u00eb krahasim me kabllon koaksial t\u00eb telekomunikacioneve telefonikeapo me fibr\u00ebn optike). Por duhet lokale n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb diskrete, jo n\u00ebtheksuar se ka kosto m\u00eb t\u00eb lir\u00eb se grup, \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb proces ndarje.t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt. Uu Interface \u2013 Nd\u00ebrfaqja Uu UTRA (UMTS terrestrial radioaccess) \u2013 Radio Aksesi Tok\u00ebsor Nd\u00ebrfaqja Uu \u00ebsht\u00eb nd\u00ebrfaqjan\u00eb UMTS radio midis elementit t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesit (UE) dhe stacionit t\u00eb rrjetit t\u00eb aksesit \u00cbsht\u00eb nj\u00eb standard p\u00ebr sh\u00ebrbimet radio (Node B).e komunikimit n\u00eb rrjetin 3G (3GPP).UTRA \u00ebsht\u00eb aksesi radio n\u00eb rrjetetUMTS. Nd\u00ebrfaqja p\u00ebr transmetiminp\u00ebr tek, dhe nga p\u00ebrdoruesi celularn\u00eb UTRAN quhet UTRA. UTRAN (UMTS terrestrial radioaccess Network) \u2013 Rrjeti i AksesitRadio Tok\u00ebsor n\u00eb UMTS UTRAN \u00ebsht\u00eb emri p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebtq\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret p\u00ebr t\u00eb treguar stacionetterminal\u00eb baz\u00eb (nodeB) dhekontrolluesve t\u00eb rrjetit radio (RNC \u2013Radio Network Controller) n\u00eb rrjetin3G. Ky rrjet mund t\u00eb mbart\u00eb tipe t\u00ebndryshme trafiku, nga ai i komutimqarku n\u00eb ai me komutim paket\u00eb.UTRAN b\u00ebn t\u00eb mundur lidhjen e UE(pajisjes s\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesit) me pjes\u00ebnqendrore t\u00eb rrjetit. Unbundling \u2013 Ndarja (Ve\u00e7imi) Procesi q\u00eb realizon ndarjen ekomponent\u00ebve, pjes\u00eb e nj\u00eb grupimi U","FJALOR I P\u00cbRGJITHSH\u00cbM 156I FUSH\u00cbS S\u00cb TELEKOMUNIKACIONIT V VBR (Variable Bit Rate) \u2013 Shpejt\u00ebsi Transmetimi Variab\u00ebl VAS (Value \u2013 added services)\u2013 Sh\u00ebrbime me Vler\u00eb t\u00eb Shtuar Nj\u00eb gjendje e transmetimit t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave ku shpejt\u00ebsia e transmetimit ndryshon n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb transmetimit nga ana e burimit ose p\u00ebr arsye t\u00eb tjera. VAS \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb term kryesisht VDSL (Very High Bit Ratei p\u00ebrdorur n\u00eb telekomunikacion Digital Subscriber Line) \u2013 Linjadhe tregon sh\u00ebrbimet q\u00eb nuk jan\u00eb Numerike me Shpejt\u00ebsi Shum\u00eb t\u00ebpjes\u00eb e sh\u00ebrbimeve baz\u00eb\/standard Lart\u00eb p\u00ebr Abonentinq\u00eb operatoret e telefonis\u00eb ofrojn\u00eb.K\u00ebshtu, ne konsiderojm\u00eb sh\u00ebrbim Nj\u00eb teknologji numerike (pjes\u00ebbaz\u00eb at\u00eb t\u00eb thirrjeve telefonike e familjes DSL \u2013 Digital Subscriberapo at\u00eb t\u00eb faksit, sh\u00ebrbime t\u00eb tjera Line) q\u00eb mund\u00ebson transmetiminsi ai i mesazheve (SMS, MMS), e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave m\u00eb t\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsileximi i pagesave, lodra, muzik\u00eb, m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb se ADSL n\u00eb linjat meetj. konsiderohen si sh\u00ebrbime kabllo bakri. Shpejt\u00ebsia arin mbime vler\u00eb t\u00eb shtuar. Zakonisht, 100 Mbps p\u00ebr downstream dhek\u00ebto sh\u00ebrbime ofrohen kundrejt upstream n\u00eb versionin VDSL 2.nj\u00eb pagese shtes\u00eb. Theksojm\u00eb Duhet t\u00eb theksohet q\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsiase VAS jan\u00eb nj\u00eb nga parametrat e transmetimit varet nga gjat\u00ebsiakryesor\u00eb q\u00eb tregojn\u00eb diferenc\u00ebn e linj\u00ebs si dhe parametrat elektrik\u00ebmidis rrjeteve t\u00eb operator\u00ebve t\u00eb t\u00eb saj. Modemi q\u00eb vendoset tekndrysh\u00ebm. Sh\u00ebrbimet me vler\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesi njihet si modem VDSL.shtuar jan\u00eb prezent\u00eb si p\u00ebr rrjetete telekomunikacioneve fikse ashtu VHE (Virtual Home Envi-edhe p\u00ebr ato t\u00eb l\u00ebvizshme ronment) \u2013 Ambienti i Sht\u00ebpis\u00eb Virtuale N\u00eb rrjetet e l\u00ebvizshme VHE \u00ebsht\u00eb koncepti q\u00eb tregon se rrjeti i l\u00ebvizsh\u00ebm mb\u00ebshtet dhe i v\u00eb n\u00eb dispozicion p\u00ebrdoruesit t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin ambient (n\u00eb k\u00ebndv\u00ebshtrimin e sh\u00ebrbimeve) q\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesi ka n\u00eb sht\u00ebpin\u00eb apo zyr\u00ebn e tij. V","157 FJALOR I P\u00cbRGJITHSH\u00cbM I FUSH\u00cbS S\u00cb TELEKOMUNIKACIONIT VHF (Very High Frequency) \u2013 q\u00eb ai ka n\u00eb shoq\u00ebri (ne hierarkin\u00ebFrekuenc\u00eb Shum\u00eb e Lart\u00eb shtet\u00ebrore, n\u00eb kontributin q\u00eb ai jep n\u00eb fusha t\u00eb ndryshme (kultur\u00eb, Jan\u00eb frekuencat q\u00eb shtrihen shkenc\u00eb, sport etj.). P\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsishtn\u00eb brezin nga 30 MHz \u2013 300 MHz, p\u00ebr k\u00ebta klient\u00eb tregohet nj\u00eb kujdessipas ITU (me gjat\u00ebsi vale nga 10m i ve\u00e7ant\u00eb dhe trajtohen me prioritet.deri 1m). P\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsisht p\u00ebrdoren n\u00ebtransmetimet radio FM dhe TV n\u00eb VLAN (Virtual Local Areakanalet VHF. Network) Video Telephony \u2013 Video VLAN \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb grup logjikTelefonia i p\u00ebrdorueseve (kompjuter\u00ebve), server\u00ebve, si dhe pajisjeve t\u00eb tjera Nj\u00eb komunikim n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet t\u00eb cilat duken sikur jan\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00ebsistemeve telefonike ku p\u00ebrve\u00e7 z\u00ebrit LAN pavar\u00ebsisht nga shp\u00ebrndarja\u00ebsht\u00eb presente edhe figura. gjeografike e tyre. Kjo b\u00ebn t\u00eb mundur q\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesit t\u00eb komunikoj\u00eb midis tyre duke simuluar ekzistenc\u00ebn e tyre n\u00eb nj\u00eb LAN. VLR \u2013 (Visitor Location Register) \u2013 Baza Aktive e t\u00eb Dh\u00ebnave Video Conference \u2013 Video VLR (quhet edhe \u201cregjistri i t\u00ebKonferenc\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb abonent\u00ebve aktiv\u00eb) \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash e rrjetit t\u00eb Nj\u00eb komunikim me figur\u00eb ku telekomunikacioneve t\u00eb l\u00ebvizshmenj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht marrin pjes\u00eb m\u00eb e cila ruan \u201cp\u00ebrkoh\u00ebsisht\u201d t\u00eb dh\u00ebnatshum\u00eb se dy abonent\u00eb. (informacioni) e abonent\u00ebve, t\u00eb dh\u00ebna k\u00ebto q\u00eb i nevojiten MSC VIP (Very Important Person) (Mobile Switching Center) p\u00ebr tjuCustomer \u2013 Klient \u201cPerson shum\u00eb sh\u00ebrbyer abonent\u00ebve vizitor\u00eb. Kyi R\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm\u201d informacion \u00ebsht\u00eb i nevojsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb drejtuar nj\u00eb telefonat\u00eb n\u00eb stacionin Nj\u00eb klient VIP dallohet nga e duhur. Gjithmon\u00eb VLR \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00ebklient\u00ebt e tjer\u00eb pik\u00ebrisht p\u00ebr pozicioni lidhje me MSC dhe ka vendndodhjen e sakt\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb abonent\u00ebve V","FJALOR I P\u00cbRGJITHSH\u00cbM 158I FUSH\u00cbS S\u00cb TELEKOMUNIKACIONITcelular\u00eb q\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb pranish\u00ebm n\u00eb Voice \u2013 Z\u00ebzon\u00ebn e sh\u00ebrbimit t\u00eb MSC. K\u00ebshtu,kur nj\u00eb abonent hyn n\u00eb nj\u00eb zone t\u00eb N\u00eb telekomunikacion me \u201cvoice\u201dre athere VLR e lidhur me at\u00eb MSC n\u00ebnkuptohet nj\u00eb sinjal analog (osekerkon t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat n\u00eb HLR p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb i konvertuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb sinjal numerik),abonent. Kjo ben t\u00eb mundur q\u00eb VLR i cili mbart komunikimet zanore q\u00ebt\u00eb jet\u00eb e p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsuar dhe n\u00eb rast s\u00eb realizohen midis p\u00ebrdoruesve t\u00eb rr-ky abonent do t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb nj\u00eb thirrje nuk jetit. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb kontekst i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm\u00ebsht\u00eb e n\u00ebvojshme t\u00eb pyetet p\u00ebrs\u00ebri \u00ebsht\u00eb brezi i frekuencave i nevo-HLR. N\u00eb VLR q\u00ebndrojn\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e jsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr mbartjen e tij, i cili \u00ebsht\u00ebt\u00eb gjith\u00eb abonent\u00ebve q\u00eb jan\u00eb aktiv\u00eb pranuar t\u00eb jet\u00eb 3100Hz (nga 300dhe k\u00ebto t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb abonentit Hz n\u00eb 3400 Hz), ose nj\u00eb sinjal nu-fshihen kur ai le zon\u00ebn e sh\u00ebrbimit. merik me shpejt\u00ebsi 64Kbps (i aft\u00eb t\u00eb suportoj\u00eb brezin telefonik) ne tekni- Vocoder (Voice Coder) \u2013 ken TDM.Kodues Z\u00ebri Voice Mail (VM) \u2013 Post\u00eb \/ Nj\u00eb Vocoder \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb sistem i Mesazh Zanoranaliz\u00ebs\/sintez\u00ebs dhe p\u00ebrpunimit t\u00ebz\u00ebrit i p\u00ebrdorur p\u00ebr t\u00eb riprodhuar fjal\u00ebt \u00cbsht\u00eb nj\u00eb sh\u00ebrbim q\u00eb i ofrohete fol\u00ebsve. Gjithashtu vocoder \u00ebsht\u00eb abonent\u00ebve t\u00eb rrjetit t\u00eb nj\u00eb operato-nj\u00eb procesor audio i cili merr element\u00ebt ri p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb e d\u00ebgjuar mesazhetkarakteristike t\u00eb nj\u00eb sinjali p\u00ebr t\u2019i hyr\u00ebse zanore si dhe p\u00ebr t\u2019ju p\u00ebrg-p\u00ebrdorur n\u00eb nj\u00eb sinjal tjet\u00ebr audio. jigjur k\u00ebtyre mesazheve duke i reg- jistruar dhe d\u00ebrguar ato n\u00eb drejtimin VoD (Video on Demand) \u2013 respektiv. Sistemet VM p\u00ebrdorin za-Video Sipas K\u00ebrkes\u00ebs konisht p\u00ebrgjigje interaktive zanore (IVR \u2013 Interactive Voice Response), VoD \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb sh\u00ebrbim q\u00eb teknologji kjo q\u00eb ka q\u00ebllim t\u00eb ori-ofrohet nga operatoret televizive (si entoj\u00eb abonent\u00ebt p\u00ebr opsionet q\u00ebedhe nga ata t\u00eb telekomunikacionit ky sistem ka. Sistemet VM ofrojn\u00ebn\u00eb rastin e sh\u00ebrbimit IPTV) i cili sh\u00ebrbime t\u00eb p\u00ebrparuara, t\u00eb cilat nukkrijon mund\u00ebsin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb par\u00eb disponohen nga pajisje standarde.programe televizive (si filma, sportetj.) n\u00eb momentin q\u00eb ata d\u00ebshirojn\u00eb Voice Quality Assurance (VQA)(pra n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00ebs s\u00eb \u2013 Siguria e Cil\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb Z\u00ebrit.tyre), pa u kusht\u00ebzuar nga koha etransmetimit. Teknika q\u00eb b\u00ebn t\u00eb mundur procesimin e z\u00ebrit p\u00ebr ta p\u00ebrcjell\u00eb n\u00eb V","159 FJALOR I P\u00cbRGJITHSH\u00cbM I FUSH\u00cbS S\u00cb TELEKOMUNIKACIONITqendrat e kontaktit t\u00eb operator\u00ebve Wduke zbuluar dhe eliminuarparaprakisht nd\u00ebrhyrje q\u00eb mund t\u00ebprishin cil\u00ebsin\u00eb e z\u00ebrit quhet VQA. VoIP (Voice over Internet WAN (Wide Area Network) \u2013Protocol) \u2013 Z\u00ebri mbi Internet Rrjet Zonal Z\u00ebri (apo nj\u00eb bised\u00eb telefonike) i Rrjeti zonal (WAN) \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00ebcili mbartet nga rrjeti IP (njihet thjesht rrjet kompjuterik, i cili shtrihet n\u00ebVoIP) \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb teknik\u00eb q\u00eb b\u00ebn t\u00eb nj\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb zon\u00eb relativisht t\u00eb madhemundur shk\u00ebmbimin e informacionit (nj\u00eb rrjet i till\u00eb mund t\u00eb mbuloj\u00eb mez\u00eb duke u bazuar n\u00eb protokollin IP, sh\u00ebrbimet e vet nj\u00eb rajon brendakonkretisht n\u00eb rrjetin internet si psh. nj\u00eb vendi, gjith\u00eb vendin ose edheme aplikacionin Skype.. m\u00eb shum\u00eb). WAN \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb rrjet i cili p\u00ebrfshin m\u00eb shum\u00eb se dy LAN VPN (Virtual Private Network) (Local Area Network). P\u00ebrdoruesit\u2013 Rrjet Privat Virtual (kompjuter\u00ebt) e rrjetit WAN lidhen me nj\u00ebri tjetrin duke p\u00ebrdorur VPN \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb rrjet i cili rrjetin publik (psh. at\u00eb telefonik)p\u00ebrdor infrastruktur\u00ebn publike t\u00eb si dhe linja t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb marratelekomunikacioneve (si p.sh. me qira. Mundet q\u00eb rrjeti internetinternetin) p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar p\u00ebr t\u00eb konsiderohet si rrjeti WAN mep\u00ebrdorues t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm (q\u00eb i shtrirje m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe.p\u00ebrkasin nj\u00eb institucioni apo nj\u00ebbiznesi) nj\u00eb lidhje t\u00eb sigurt n\u00eb rrjetin WAP (Wireless Access Point)e tyre privat. K\u00ebshtu VPN \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb \u2013 Pik\u00eb Aksesi Pa Telrrjet privat q\u00eb nuk ka infrastruktur\u00ebne vet, por p\u00ebrdor at\u00eb publike, duke u Nj\u00eb pik\u00eb aksesi pa tel (WAP)mbivendosur dhe duke e shfryt\u00ebzuar \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb pajisje q\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret n\u00ebat\u00eb. nj\u00eb rrjet LAN (por jo vet\u00ebm) p\u00ebr t\u00eb vendosur lidhjen midis pajisjeve pa VQA (Voice Quality Assur- tel (wireless) t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesve meance) \u2013 Sigurimi i Cil\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb Z\u00ebrit rrjetin fiks (me tel) bazuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb standard t\u00eb komunikimit pa tel. Wap VQA ofron mund\u00ebsi t\u00eb ndryshme \u00ebsht\u00eb e pajisur m\u00eb antena p\u00ebr t\u00ebp\u00ebr p\u00ebrpunimin e z\u00ebrit me q\u00ebllim q\u00eb realizuar lidhjet radio m\u00eb pajisjet pat\u00eb rritet cil\u00ebsia e tij. tel (psh. pajisjeve t\u00eb ndryshme WiFi\/ Bluetooth, kompjuter\u00ebve, printerave etj.). Zakonisht WAP \u00ebsht\u00eb e W","FJALOR I P\u00cbRGJITHSH\u00cbM 160I FUSH\u00cbS S\u00cb TELEKOMUNIKACIONITintegruara me nj\u00eb router me 4 porta WARC (World Administrationose edhe me nj\u00eb modem ADSL. Radio Conference) \u2013 \u00cbsht\u00eb nj\u00eb konferenc\u00eb teknike e ITU (International Telecommunica- tion Union) ku delegat\u00ebt e vendeve an\u00ebtare t\u00eb ITU diskutojn\u00eb dhe rishi- kojn\u00eb rregullat e p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb radio komunikimit p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjitha sh\u00ebrbimet e telekomunikacioneve n\u00eb shkall\u00eb bot\u00ebrore WAP (Wireless Access WCDMA (Wideband CDMA) \u2013Protocol) \u2013 Protokolli i Aksesit CDMA me Band\u00eb t\u00eb Gjer\u00ebWireless (pa tel) WCDMA (Wideband Code Divi- WAP \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb grup protokollesh sion Multiple Access) \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb te-komunikimin p\u00ebr t\u00eb standardizuar knologji e standardizuar e rrjetevelidhjen (aksesimin) e pajisjeve pa 3G q\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret n\u00eb rrjetet GSM m\u00ebtel (si p.sh. telefonat celulare apo q\u00ebllim rritjen e shpejt\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb trans-kompjuter\u00ebt) n\u00eb rrjetin internet ose metimit t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave n\u00eb k\u00ebto rr-n\u00eb nj\u00eb rrjet tjet\u00ebr komunikimi. jete. Kjo realizohet duke p\u00ebrdorur nd\u00ebrfaqen CDMA n\u00eb vend t\u00eb asaj WAP (wireless acces point) TDMA. WCDMA \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb teknolog-Server \u2013 Serveri WAP (pik\u00eb aksesi ji q\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret gjithashtu n\u00eb rrjetetpa tel) UMTS. WCDMA \u00ebsht\u00eb adaptuar si nj\u00eb standard i ITU dhe njihet me em- Nj\u00eb server WAP \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb komp- rin \u201cIMT\u20132000 direct spread\u201djuter i cili mund t\u00eb marr\u00eb, t\u00eb proceso-j\u00eb dhe t\u00eb d\u00ebrgoj\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb p\u00ebrdorues WDM (Wavelength divisionfundor k\u00ebrkes\u00ebn p\u00ebr informimi ose multiplexing) \u2013 Multipleksim mep\u00ebr p\u00ebrpunim informacioni. Ndarje n\u00eb Gjat\u00ebsi Vale WAP (wireless access point) \u00cbsht\u00eb nj\u00eb teknik\u00eb multipleksimiBrowser \u2013 Browser WAP e destinuar p\u00ebr tu p\u00ebrdorur n\u00eb rrjetin me fibra optike. Kjo Nj\u00eb WAP brouser \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb teknik\u00eb mund\u00ebson transmetiminbrouser webi destinuar p\u00ebr pajisjet e nj\u00ebkohsh\u00ebm t\u00eb shum\u00eb sinjalevee l\u00ebvizshme (mobile) t\u00eb cilat duke (informacioneve) me gjat\u00ebsi vale t\u00ebp\u00ebrdorur protokollin WAP realizojn\u00eb ndryshme brenda nj\u00eb fibre t\u00eb vetme.lidhjen me internetin (rrjetin). Kjo teknik\u00eb mund\u00ebson komunikimin W","161 FJALOR I P\u00cbRGJITHSH\u00cbM I FUSH\u00cbS S\u00cb TELEKOMUNIKACIONITdy drejtim\u00ebsh mbi nj\u00eb fije fibre, si pa tel (wireless), ku p\u00ebrdoruesitdhe shum\u00ebfishimin e kapacitetit t\u00eb (kompjuter\u00ebt dhe pajisjet e tjera)saj. realizojn\u00eb lidhjen m\u00eb rrjetin m\u00eb an\u00eb t\u00eb radio val\u00ebve. Zakonisht Web Browser frekuencat e pun\u00ebs t\u00eb Wi\u2013Fi jan\u00eb 2.4GHz (UHF) dhe 5.7GHz (SHF). Nj\u00eb Web Browser \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb aplikim Element\u00ebt e k\u00ebtij rrjeti bazohen n\u00ebsoftware q\u00eb ka p\u00ebr q\u00ebllim t\u00eb marr\u00eb dhe standardet 802.11 t\u00eb zhvilluara ngat\u00eb shfaq\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtjen e WWW (World IEEE dhe p\u00ebrshtatura nga AleancaWide Web), duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb faqet Web, Wi\u2013Fi (Wi\u2013Fi Alliance). Wi\u2013Fi \u00ebsht\u00ebimazhe, video etj. teknologjia baz\u00eb e rrjeteve LAN pa tel (WLAN), aq sa shpesh her\u00eb WLAN WML (Wireless Markup Lan- quhen thjesht rrjeti WiFi. Rrjetiguage) \u2013 Gjuha e Sh\u00ebnimit Pa Tel Wi\u2013Fi p\u00ebrdoret p\u00ebr t\u00eb komunikuar me rrjetin internet me nj\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsi Nj\u00eb gjuh\u00eb e projektuar relativisht t\u00eb lart\u00eb. Shpesh Wi\u2013Fispecifikisht p\u00ebr tu p\u00ebrdorur n\u00eb rreg-ullimin e p\u00ebrmbajtjes s\u00eb WAP. WML lidhet me fjal\u00ebt \u201cwireless fidelity\u201dmund\u00ebson optimizimin e p\u00ebrdorimint\u00eb aft\u00ebsive t\u00eb kufizuara t\u00eb telefonave(ekraneve) celular\u00eb. Wireless Application Protocol) WLAN (Wireless Local Area\u2013 Protokoll i Aplikacionit Pa Tel Network) \u2013 WLAN (Rrjet pa tel i zon\u00ebs lokale) \u00cbsht\u00eb nj\u00eb standard teknik (n\u00ebrang nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar), gjithnj\u00eb n\u00eb \u00cbsht\u00eb nj\u00eb tip LAN (Local Areazhvillim, q\u00eb sh\u00ebrben p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar Network) i cili p\u00ebrdor radio frekuencatkomunikimin me internet (me rrjetin) n\u00eb vend t\u00eb kabllove p\u00ebr t\u00eb realizuarp\u00ebr telefonat celulare, beeper\u2013at, komunikimin midis p\u00ebrdoruesve dheasistent\u00ebt dixhital\u00eb, dhe terminalet pjes\u00ebs tjet\u00ebr t\u00eb rrjetit, si dhe midise tjera pa tel. WAP leht\u00ebson s\u00eb tyre. Ky rrjet shtrihet brenda nj\u00eb zonepari p\u00ebrpunimin dhe shk\u00ebmbimin e t\u00eb kufizuar (p.sh. brenda nj\u00eb shkolle,teksteve, dhe t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat tabelore, por laboratori, sht\u00ebpie etj.). WLAN b\u00ebnmund t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtes\u00eb edhe grafik\u00eb. t\u00eb mundur q\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesit t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorin rrjetin edhe kur ata jan\u00eb n\u00eb l\u00ebvizje, Wi \u2013 Fi sidomos at\u00eb internet. Rrjetet WLAN bazohen n\u00eb standardet 802.11 (q\u00eb Wi\u2013Fi \u00ebsht\u00eb emri popullor i cil\u00ebsohet edhe si standardi Wi\u2013Fi)teknologjis\u00eb se komunikimit (lidhjes) W","FJALOR I P\u00cbRGJITHSH\u00cbM 162 I FUSH\u00cbS S\u00cb TELEKOMUNIKACIONIT Xp\u00ebr t\u00eb realizuar komunikimin merrjetin. WLL (Wireless Local Loop) \u2013 XPIC (Cross PolarizationQark Lokal Pa Tel Interference Cancellation) \u2013 XPIC (Shuarje e Interferencave me WLL \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb teknologji q\u00eb Polarizim t\u00eb kryq\u00ebzuar)realizon lidhjen e abonent\u00ebve m\u00ebsistemet e nj\u00eb rrjeti (konkretisht XPIC \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb teknologji, e cilame sistemet e komutimit) m\u00eb an\u00eb b\u00ebn t\u00eb mundur rritjen e kapacitetitt\u00eb radio linkeve (sisteme pa tel). t\u00eb transmetimit t\u00eb sistemeveKjo n\u00eb analogji t\u00eb plot\u00eb me rrjetet mikrovalore (radio \u2013 releve), duketradicionale fikse ku abonent\u00ebt p\u00ebrdorur t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn frekuenc\u00eb, porlidhen me linja kabllore. t\u00eb polarizuar si n\u00eb drejtimin vertikal ashtu edhe n\u00eb at\u00eb horizontal. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb arrihet nj\u00eb dyfishimi i kapacitetit t\u00eb transmetimi, n\u00eb nj\u00eb lidhje mikrovalore. WWW (World Wide Web) XPIC\u2013 Rrjeti i Gjer\u00eb Global Njihet si WWW, W3 ose\u00a0the\u00a0Webdhe \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktim teknik i t\u00ebgjith\u00eb burimeve dhe p\u00ebrdoruesve t\u00ebrrjetit internet q\u00eb p\u00ebrdorin protokollinHTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol).Duke p\u00ebrdorur HTTP p\u00ebrdoruesimund t\u00eb l\u00ebviz\u00eb nga nj\u00eb faqe tek nj\u00ebtjet\u00ebr thjesht me nj\u00eb klikim. WWW\u00ebsht\u00eb grupi i germave t\u00eb vendosuran\u00eb fillim t\u00eb \u00e7do adrese t\u00eb siteve n\u00ebinternet. X","Ky Fjalor u p\u00ebrgatit nga Divizioni i Marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieve me Publikun dhe Median n\u00eb ALBtelecom. Ekipi zbatues: Alban Tartari, Shpendi Gjana, Ledina Ferhati, Foriana Proko Fal\u00ebnderojm\u00eb p\u00ebr kontributin e tyre t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb: znj. Ay\u015fe \u00d6zden, z. Vahap Yero\u011flu, z. Pandeli Mitre,z. Luan Sula, z. Demirel Bojaxhiu, znj. Merita Demiraj, z. Ermal Murati, z. Luan Kadhe, z. Gjergj Skrame, z. Bledar Tyxhari, z. Ergest Alite","","",""]