ไฟล์หนังสือเรียนภาษาอังกฤษสำหรับวิธีชีวิตสมัยใหม่

Exercise: Choose the best answers. 1. Why is the story called Malcom’s Special Day? (A) Debbie has forgotten his birthday. (B) It’s his birthday. (C) He’s lying in bed at 7 a.m. (D) He’s going to the dentist. 2. Why does he think Debbie has forgotten his birthday? (A) She tells him to get up. (B) She’s still asleep at 7 a.m. (C) She doesn’t say anything about it. (D) She thinks today is a special day. 3. When Debbie says “Do you forgive me,” she means: (A) Are you still angry with me? (B) Are you upset? (C) Do you like me? (D) Are you excited? Blended Learning with EDO ใหผูเรียนฝกทักษะดานการอาน (Reading) และการเขียน (Writing) จากแบบฝกหัดและแบบทดสอบ ใน Lesson 2 (Malcolm’s Special Day) ของ Unit 6 ในโปรแกรมฯ EDO ระดับ Basic 3 97

Listening & Speaking Skill Practice: There’s Tom Preview: Listen to the conversation. (Photo by Ben White on Unsplash; https://unsplash.com/photos/4Bs9kSDJsdc) Exercise: Choose the best answer. 1. Who are the speakers discussing? (A) Their children (B) A famous actor (C) A person they know (D) Their employer 2. What is the problem? (A) The first speaker feels unwell. (B) The second speaker is angry. (C) The first speaker feels shy. (D) The second speaker is worried. 98

3. Why is the first speaker worried? (A) She’s afraid Tom will like her. (B) She’s afraid Tom won’t want to talk to her. (C) She’s afraid of meeting new people. (D) She doesn’t know what to say to Tom. Blended Learning with EDO ใหผูเรียนฝกทักษะดานการฟง (Listening) และการพูดโตตอบ (Conversation) จากแบบฝกหัดและ แบบทดสอบใน Lesson 3 (There’s Tom) ของ Unit 6 ในโปรแกรมฯ EDO ระดบั Basic 3 Grammar Focus: Past Progressive – Statements Past progressive - Statements: form We use was/were + the -ing form of the verb. Affirmative (+) form I, she, he, it was working. you, we, they were working. (full form) Negative (-) form I, she, he, it was not you, we, they were not I, she, he, it (short form) you, we, they wasn’t weren’t (Source: Cambridge Dictionary; https://dictionary.cambridge.org/grammar/british-grammar/past- continuous-i-was-working?q=Past+continuous%3A+form) 99

Preview: Listen to the conversation. (Photo by NeoSiam 2021 on Pexels) Exercise: Review the grammar point and do the tasks that follow. 1. Kathy __________, so her mother turned it off. (A) isn't watching the TV (B) doesn’t watch the TV (C) didn’t watch the TV (D) wasn’t watching the TV 2. Barbara __________ at the library last Saturday. She was at the movies with her boyfriend. (A) isn't studying (B) won’t study (C) doesn’t study (D) wasn’t studying 100

3. Jim got up and left the house very early. His parents ___________. (A) will still sleep (B) still slept (C) were still sleeping (D) still sleep Blended Learning with EDO ใหผูเรียนฝกทักษะดานไวยากรณ (Grammar) จากแบบฝกหัดและแบบทดสอบใน Lesson 4 (Past progressive: Statements) ของ Unit 6 ในโปรแกรมฯ EDO ระดบั Basic 3 Grammar Focus: Past Progressive – Questions and Answers Past progressive – Questions and Answers: form Affirmative question Was I, she, he, it working? (?+) form Were you, we, they Negative question (?-) (full form) form Was I, she, he, it not working? Were you, we, they (short form) I, she, he, it Wasn’t you, we, they Weren’t (Source: Cambridge Dictionary; https://dictionary.cambridge.org/grammar/british-grammar/past- continuous-i-was-working?q=Past+continuous%3A+form) 101

Preview: Listen to the conversation. (Photo by NeONBRAND on Unsplash; https://unsplash.com/photos/y_6rqStQBYQ) Exercise: Review the grammar point and do the tasks that follow. 1. James: I tried to call you, but the line was busy. _____________. Joel: Tom called. We talked for about an hour. (A Who do you talk to? (B Who did you talk to? (C Who are you talking to? (D Who were you talking to? 2. Emma: I saw you and Jerry near the cinema. Were you going to the movies? Kathy: _______________________. (A Yes, we did. (B Yes, we are. (C Yes, we do. (D Yes, we were. 102

3. Anne: Why did Helen take so much luggage? Kate: Because she ________________ by plane. (A) was traveling (B) were traveling (C) travel (D) traveling Blended Learning with EDO ใหผูเรียนฝกทักษะดานการอาน (Reading) และการเขียน (Writing) จากแบบฝกหัดและแบบทดสอบ ใน Lesson 5 (Past Progressive: Questions and Answers) ของ Unit 6 ในโปรแกรมฯ EDO ระดับ Basic 3 Vocabulary: Adjectives Read and listen to each item in the vocabulary list. bored adj. feeling unhappy because you don't find something interesting or you have nothing to do calm adj. I'm bored with this game, let's play something else. excited adj. not feeling excited, shocked, angry or afraid lonely adj. He was scared before, but now he's calm. nervous adj. happy because something good is going to happen patient adj. I'm excited about my birthday party. relaxed adj. unhappy because nobody is with you smart adj. He's lonely because he has no friends. surprised adj. feeling worried He's always nervous at the dentist's office. staying calm and not getting angry for a long time The patient teacher answered all his questions. staying calm and resting I'm relaxed on the weekends because I don't have to work. intelligent, knowing a lot She is very smart and always gets good grades in school. the feeling when something not expected happens He was surprised by the phone call so late at night. 103

tired adj. wanting to rest or sleep He's always tired in the mornings because he goes to sleep very late. Exercise: smart patient Choose the correct answer/s into place. lonely bored excited Julie always gets 100 on her tests. She is a very ______________ girl. The problem is she is _______________ in class. She can't get _______________ about the lessons. All the other students are studying hard and Julie feels _______________. \"Why can't I be like everyone else?\" thinks Julie. \"I guess I'll just have to be _______________!” Blended Learning with EDO ใหผูเรียนฝกทักษะดานคําศัพท (Vocabulary) จากแบบฝกหัดและแบบทดสอบใน Lesson 6 (Adjectives) ของ Unit 6 ในโปรแกรมฯ EDO ระดบั Basic 3 104

Unit 7 Making Excuses (Photo by Icons8 Team on Unsplash; https://unsplash.com/photos/r-enAOPw8Rs) This unit is about people making excuses and declining invitations. In this unit you will... • Listen to a voice mail message from a woman apologizing for not being able to attend a party. • Read a story about a man who has forgotten that he promised to help his wife prepare for a party. • Listen to and take part in a dialogue in which a woman doesn’t accept a lunch invitation from a colleague. • Identify and use infinitives after adjectives. • Identify and use infinitives after objects. • Identify and use gerunds as the subject of a sentence. • Identify and practice words and phrases on the topic of health.

Listening Skill Practice: Family Preview: Listen to the recording. (Photo by Tatiana Syrikova on Pexels) Exercise: Listen to Susan’s message to her mother, and answer the questions. 1. Why is Susan calling her mother? (A) to invite her mother to Aunt Carol’s party (B) to find out what time the party is (C) to say she’s sick and wants her mother to come over (D) to say she might not go to Aunt Carol’s party 2. Which sentence is true according to the message? (A) Susan wants her mother to come and take care of her. (B) Susan is going to sleep and doesn’t want anyone to call. (C) Susan will call her mother again later. 106

Blended Learning with EDO ใหผูเรียนฝกทักษะดานการฟง (Listening) จากแบบฝกหัดและแบบทดสอบใน Lesson 1 (Family) ของ Unit 7 ในโปรแกรมฯ EDO ระดบั Basic 3 Reading Skill Practice: The Party Preview: Read the story. The Party After a long, busy day at work, Jason was finally going home. He was tired. He wasn’t thinking about anything special. \"Perhaps I should go into the supermarket in our neighborhood, and pick up a couple of pounds of strawberries,\" Jason thought. While Jason was driving to the store, his phone rang. It was his wife, Jenny. 107

\"Jason, where are you? Last night you promised to come home early to help me prepare the food and decorate the house. You know that we're having a party tonight.\" \"Oh, no!\" Jason said. \"I had so much work today that I forgot about the party.\" \"I know it's always a good idea to remind you to come home early, even when you promise,\" said Jenny. \"However, this time I expected you to remember.\" At first, Jason didn't understand what Jenny was talking about, but then he remembered: Jenny was having a party for him that night. It was his fiftieth birthday! Photo Credit: by Libby Penner on Unsplash; https://unsplash.com/photos/idCCZpDD7qQ) Exercise: Choose the correct answer. 1. Why did Jason forget about the party? (A) He doesn’t like birthday parties. (B) He wanted to buy strawberries. (C) He had a long, busy day. (D) He went for a long drive. 2. What happed while Jason was driving home? (A) He decided to buy his wife a birthday present. (B) He ate some strawberries. (C) He remembered he had to go home. (D) His wife called on the phone. 3. Why did Jenny expect Jason to remember to come home early? (A) They were having a party for Jason’s birthday. (B) He was going to help decorate the house. (C) He usually remembered to come home early when necessary. (D) He always came home early. 108

Blended Learning with EDO ใหผูเรียนฝกทักษะดานการอาน (Reading) จากแบบฝกหัดและแบบทดสอบใน Lesson 2 (The Party) ของ Unit 7 ในโปรแกรมฯ EDO ระดับ Basic 3 Listening & Speaking Skill Practice: Lunch Preview: Listen to the conversation. Exercise: Choose the correct answer. 1. Listen and select the statement that best describes what you see in the picture. (A) A man and a woman are sitting at their desk. (B) A woman is holding a coffee cup. (C) A man is putting on his tie. (D) A man and a woman are laughing. 2. Where does the conversation most likely take place? (A) In an office (B) At home (C) On the street (D) In a coffee shop 109

3. Why can’t the woman have lunch with the man? (A) She just ate lunch. (B) She is on a diet. (C) She never eats lunch. (D) She is too busy. Blended Learning with EDO ใหผูเรียนฝกทักษะดานการฟง (Listening) และการพูดโตตอบ (Conversation) จากแบบฝกหัดและ แบบทดสอบใน Lesson 3 (Lunch) ของ Unit 7 ในโปรแกรมฯ EDO ระดับ Basic 3 Grammar Focus: Infinitive – After Adjectives Below is a list of the most common adjectives followed by infinitives. amazed eager pleased afraid fortunate proud angry funny relieved awkward generous ridiculous careful glad rude careless happy sad certain hard selfish clever horrified silly crazy impossible sorry delighted lucky strange difficult kind stupid disappointed nice surprised easy odd wise 110

Preview: Listen to the conversation. (Photo by LinkedIn Sales Navigator on Unsplash; https://unsplash.com/photos/W3Jl3jREpDY) Exercise: Review the grammar point and do the tasks that follow. 1. The architect’s plans for the new building weren’t easy __________, but he managed to explain them clearly. (A) to understand (B) understanding (C) for understanding (D) understood 2. Tom’s company made him a manager. His boss is happy to __________ from within the company. (A) promoted (B) promotes (C) promote (D) promoting 111

3. Let’s get out of here. This street isn’t safe ___________ down at night. (A) walking (B) walk (C) to walk (D) for a walk Blended Learning with EDO ใหผูเรียนฝกทักษะดานการไวยากรณ (Grammar) จากแบบฝกหัดและแบบทดสอบใน Lesson 4 (Infinitives: After Adjectives) ของ Unit 7 ในโปรแกรมฯ EDO ระดบั Basic 3 Grammar Focus: Infinitives – After Objects Many English verbs are followed by object + infinitives. advise hate permit allow help prefer ask instruct recommend beg intend remind cause invite request command leave teach compel like tell encourage love tempt expect mean trouble forbid need want force oblige warn get order wish Example: I don’t want him to go. (NOT I don’t want that he goes.) We don’t allow people to smoke in the kitchen. I asked him to pay for the meal. I advised him to stop smoking. 112

He taught us to forgive. I requested him to help me. We expect them to turn up in time. My parents always encouraged me to explore newer horizons. Some verbs are followed by object + infinitive without to. Examples are: let, make, see, hear, feel, watch, notice, have etc. Why don’t you let me go? (NOT Why don’t you let me to go?) I heard her sing a lovely song. (NOT I heard her to sing a lovely song.) Note that many of the verbs listed above can also be followed by an –ing form or a that-clause. Some verbs cannot be followed by object + infinitive. Example: suggest. I suggested that she should consult a doctor. (NOT I suggested her to consult a doctor.) (Source: English Grammar; https://www.englishgrammar.org/verbs-object-infinitive/) Preview: Listen to the conversation. (Photo by Mohammad Asadi on Unsplash; https://unsplash.com/photos/NZKguqMG_u8) 113

Exercise: Review the grammar point and do the tasks that follow. 1. The teacher usually reminds _______ for tests the day before we have them. (A) us about study (B) us to study (C) to study us (D) us studying 2. Barry is thinking about inviting Mary Anne _______ to dance with him, but he’s afraid to ask her. (A) go (B) goes (C) going (D) to go 3. Tom: Few soldiers want to go to war. Jess: But they must if their government orders _______________. (A) them to fight (B) them fighting (C) them fight (D) they fight (E) they are fighting Blended Learning with EDO ใหผูเรียนฝกทักษะดานไวยากรณ (Grammar) จากแบบฝกหัดและแบบทดสอบใน Lesson 5 (Infinitives: After Objects) ของ Unit 7 ในโปรแกรมฯ EDO ระดับ Basic 3 114

Grammar Focus: Gerunds – As Subject A gerund can take on a variety of parts in a sentence: it can act as the subject of a sentence, as the object of a preposition, or as the object of a verb. Subject of a verb Here is an example sentence from Suzanne Collins’ The Hunger Games: Being in the woods is rejuvenating. Here, the prepositional phrase in the woods describes the gerund being. Together, the words form a gerund phrase (being in the woods) that acts as the subject of the sentence. What is rejuvenating? Being in the woods. As demonstrated in the example above, gerunds are often used as the subject of a sentence to talk about activities, behaviors, or opinions. Gerunds are always singular, and when they’re used as the subject of a sentence, the verb that follows always takes the third-person singular form. Examples of gerunds as the subject of a verb Exercising is good for your body. Exercising is a gerund that functions as the subject of the sentence. Is, the verb that follows, is in the third-person singular form. (Source: Thesaurus.com; https://www.thesaurus.com/e/grammar/whats-a-gerund/) 115

Preview: Listen to the conversation. (Photo by Yolanda Sun on Unsplash; https://unsplash.com/photos/7niGqACEMvE) Exercise: Review the grammar point and do the tasks that follow. 1. ___________ isn’t at all difficult. (A) Paints (B) Painting (C) I’m painting (D) Paint 2. __________ new words in the dictionary is a good way to learn them. (A) Is looking up (B) Look up (C) Looking up (D) Looked up 116

3. ___________ is a problem Bill needs to do something about. (A) No getting up on time (B) Not getting up on time (C) Not to get up on time (D) Not get up on time Blended Learning with EDO ใหผูเรียนฝกทักษะดานไวยากรณ (Grammar) จากแบบฝกหัดและแบบทดสอบใน Lesson 6 (Gerunds: As subject) Unit 7 ในโปรแกรมฯ EDO ระดับ Basic 3 Vocabulary: Health Read and listen to each item in the vocabulary list. brush your teeth to clean your teeth with a toothbrush expression He brushes his teeth in the morning and at night. dentist n. a person who takes care of teeth as a job I go to the dentist every six months to keep my teeth fever n. healthy. when the temperature of your body is higher than normal and have a cold you feel sick expression He has a fever so he can't go out. headache n. to be sick with a runny nose and sneezing operate v. He has a cold so he is staying at home. pain n. when your head hurts pill n. Please be quiet because my mother has a headache. temperature n. to cut into the body for medical reasons The doctor is operating on the man to fix his knee. a feeling that something in your body hurts I have a pain in my leg and I need to sit down. medication that makes you feel better My doctor says I need to take this pill every morning. how hot the body is The nurse took the man's temperature and it was very high. 117

tooth n. a hard-white object in your mouth for biting and chewing food I bit into an apple and broke my tooth! Exercise: Fill in the blank/s with the correct answer/s Woman: I have a 1 and I am sneezing all the time. I think I have a 2 . Man: Did you take a 3 ? Woman: Yes. It didn’t help. Man: Perhaps you have a 4 . You should take your 5 . Woman: That’s a good idea. 1. (A) pill (B) fever (C) headache 2. (A) pill (B) tooth (C) cold 3. (A) pill (B) temperature (C) cold 4. (A) fever (B) pill (C) headache 5. (A) pill (B) teeth (C) temperature 118

(Photo by Spencer Backman on Unsplash; https://unsplash.com/photos/1KdD2iBlnRI) Blended Learning with EDO ใหผูเรียนฝกทักษะดานคําศัพท (Vocabulary) การฟง (Listening) และการพูด (Speaking) จาก แบบฝกหดั และแบบทดสอบใน Lesson 7 (Health) ของ Unit 7 ในโปรแกรมฯ EDO ระดับ Basic 3 119

Unit 8 Tickets, Please! (Photo by Denys Nevozhai on Unsplash; https://unsplash.com/photos/N6t14kV_X68) This unit deals with situations in which we have to buy tickets. In this unit you will... • Watch a video clip of an actor and his agent discussing an audition for a part in a play. • Read an article about theater ushers. • Listen to and take part in a dialogue in which a man is showing his ticket and passport to a flight check-in clerk. • Identify and use adverbs of frequency. • Differentiate between gerunds and infinitives and practice using them correctly. • Identify and practice using impersonal statements. • Identify and practice words and phrases on the topic of entertainment.

Listening Skill Practice: The Audition Preview: Watch the video. Exercise: Choose the correct answer. 1. Where are Michael and Barry? (A) In an office (B) In a library (C) At the theater (D) At a show 2. What is the problem? (A) Michael cannot make the auditions today. (B) Michael doesn’t get the part. (C) Barry can’t find any auditions for Michael. (D) Barry wants Michael to get a different agent. 3. Who is organizing the auditions? (A) Michael’s friends (B) The cat on a Hot Tin Roof (C) The Franklin Theater (D) An actor Barry knows 122

Blended Learning with EDO ใหผูเรียนฝกทักษะดานการฟง (Listening) และการเขียน (Writing) จากแบบฝกหัดและแบบทดสอบ ใน Lesson 1 (The Audition) ของ Unit 8 ในโปรแกรมฯ EDO ระดบั Basic 3 Reading Skill Practice: Tickets, Please! Preview: Read the article. Tickets, Please! by Lily Macbeth Ushers in theaters and concert halls around the world see performances and plays for free, and never have to wait in line for tickets. What is it like to be an usher? \"People often think that being an usher is an easy job, but it isn't,\" says Peter Sullivan, an usher at the Palladium Theater. \"It's difficult to stand so much! When I'm tired, I sit in an aisle seat during intermission, but my boss could fire me for that.\" 123

Ushers usually stand at the entrance to the auditorium. They give people programs look at their tickets, and show them their seats. Ushers must keep the audience quiet, especially after the curtain goes up. It isn't always easy. \"Last night one man was talking in a loud voice while the orchestra was playing,\" says Xavier Marcos. \"I told him to be quiet, but he didn't stop talking. Some people were very angry, but there was nothing I could do.\" Actors and musicians sometimes work as ushers, too. Samantha Page studies acting and is also an usher. \"I won't be an usher forever,\" she explains. \"I'm going to be famous one day. But I'll always remember beginning my career as an usher!\" Photo Credit: by Pixabay on Pexels) Exercise: Read the article again and do the tasks that follow. 1. What is the main idea in the article? (A) The advantages and disadvantages of being an usher (B) Being an actor ad working as an usher (C) What happens in theaters and concert halls around the world (D) Being an usher is an easy job 2. What can happen if an usher sits down during a performance? (A) He can be told to leave his job. (B) The audience will make a lot of noise. (C) He can be asked to buy a ticket. (D) The audience can get very angry. 3. Who is “he” in “he didn’t stop talking”? (A) The man talking in a loud voice (B) Xavier Marcos (C) An actor (D) Perter Sullivan 124

Blended Learning with EDO ใหผูเรียนฝกทักษะดานการอาน (Reading) และการเขียน (Writing) จากแบบฝกหัดและแบบทดสอบ ใน Lesson 2 (Tickets, Please!) ของ Unit 8 ในโปรแกรมฯ EDO ระดบั Basic 3 Listening & Speaking Skill Practice: Excuse Me Preview: Listen to the conversation. (Photo by CardMapr on Unsplash; https://unsplash.com/photos/LVA3S6isNYQ) Exercise: Choose the correct answer. 1. Where does this conversation most likely take place? (A) In an office (B) In a theater (C) In an airport (D) At a party 125

2. Why does the second speaker say “Excuse me?” (A) He’s angry (B) He wants to get by (C) He didn’t understand (D) He’s sorry Blended Learning with EDO ใหผูเรียนฝกทักษะดานการฟง (Listening) และการสนทนา (Conversation) จากแบบฝกหัดและ แบบทดสอบใน Lesson 3 (Excuse Me) ของ Unit 8 ในโปรแกรมฯ EDO ระดับ Basic 3 Grammar Focus: Adverbs – Frequency Adverbs Adverbs are one of the four major word classes, along with nouns, verbs and adjectives. We use adverbs to add more information about a verb, an adjective, another adverb, a clause or a whole sentence and, less commonly, about a noun phrase We use some adverbs to describe how frequently we do an activity. These are called adverbs of frequency and include: Frequency Adverb of Frequency Example Sentence 100% always I always go to bed before 11 p.m. 90% usually I usually have cereal for breakfast. 80% normally / generally I normally go to the gym. 70% often / frequently I often surf the internet. 50% sometimes I sometimes forget my wife’s birthday. 30% occasionally I occasionally eat junk food. 10% seldom I seldom read the newspaper. 5% hardly ever / rarely I hardly ever drink alcohol. 0% never I never swim in the sea. 126

These are also known as Adverbs of INDEFINITE frequency as the exact frequency is not defined. The position of the adverb in a sentence An adverb of frequency goes before a main verb (except with To Be). Subject + adverb + main verb I always remember to do my homework. He normally gets good marks in exams. An adverb of frequency goes after the verb To Be. Subject + to be + adverb They are never pleased to see me. She isn’t usually bad tempered. When we use an auxiliary verb (have, will, must, might, could, would, can, etc.), the adverb is placed between the auxiliary and the main verb. This is also true for to be. Subject + auxiliary + adverb + main verb She can sometimes beat me in a race. I would hardly ever be unkind to someone. They might never see each other again. They could occasionally be hard laughing. We can also use the following adverbs at the start of a sentence: Usually, normally, often, frequently, sometimes, occasionally • Occasionally, I like to eat Thai food. BUT we cannot use the following at the beginning of a sentence: Always, seldom, rarely, hardly, ever, never. 127

We use hardly ever and never with positive, not negative verbs: • She hardly ever comes to my parties. • They never say 'thank you'. We use ever in questions and negative statements: • Have you ever been to New Zealand? • I haven't ever been to Switzerland. (The same as 'I have never been Switzerland'). Adverbs of Definite Frequency We can also use the following expressions when we want to be more specific about the frequency: • every day • once a month • twice a year • four times a day • every other week • daily • monthly (Source: Woodward English; https://www.grammar.cl/Basic/Adverbs_Frequency.htm) 128

Preview: Listen to the conversation. (Photo by Reynier Carl on Unsplash; https://unsplash.com/photos/kqZH-B7IX7o) Exercise: Review the grammar point and do the tasks that follow. 1. Gerry says that __________ the day he met his girlfriend. (A) never will he forget (B) he will never forget (C) forget he never will (D) will he never forget 2. Thieves _________________ houses during the day when no one is at home. (A) enter (B entering (B) often (C) never Blended Learning with EDO ใหผูเรียนฝกทักษะดานไวยากรณ (Grammar) จากแบบฝกหัดและแบบทดสอบใน Lesson 4 (Adverbs: Frequency) ของ Unit 8 ในโปรแกรมฯ EDO ระดับ Basic 3 129

Grammar Focus: Gerunds – Gerund or Infinitive Verbs followed by a to-infinitive Some verbs can be followed immediately by a to-infinitive: afford demand like pretend agree fail love promise arrange forget manage refuse ask hate mean (=intend) remember begin help need start chose hope offer try continue intend plan want decide learn prefer Example: I can’t afford to go on holiday. It began to rain. She hopes to go to university next year. My mother never learnt to swim. Did you remember to ring Nigel? Verbs followed by -ing -ing but not to-infinitive Some verbs are normally followed by the -ing form, not the to-infinitive: admit deny finish mind avoid dislike give up miss (can’t) help enjoy imagine practise (can’t) stand fancy involve put off consider feel like keep (on) risk 130

Example: I always enjoy cooking. Not: I always enjoy to cook. We haven’t finished eating yet. Not: We haven’t finished to eat. She keeps changing her mind about the wedding. (Source: Cambridge Dictionary; https://dictionary.cambridge.org/grammar/british-grammar/verb- patterns-verb-infinitive-or-verb-ing) Preview: Listen to the conversation. (Photo by Fares Hamouche on Unsplash; https://unsplash.com/photos/S9V9Nmlg8aM) 131

Exercise: Review the grammar point and do the tasks that follow. 1. Gloria is trying _______ Portuguese but it’s very difficult for her. (A) for learning (B) to learn (C) learning (D) for learn 2. Mr. Stanfield stopped _______ two years ago, and he’s much healthier now. (A) smoked (B) to smoke (C) smoking (D) to smoked 3. I have a terrible cold and I forgot _________ some medicine. (A) to buy (B) buying (C) buys (D) buy Blended Learning with EDO ใหผูเรียนฝกทักษะดานไวยากรณ (Grammar) จากแบบฝกหัดและแบบทดสอบใน Lesson 5 (Gerunds: Gerund or Infinitive) ของ Unit 8 ในโปรแกรมฯ EDO ระดบั Basic 3 Grammar Focus: Impersonal Statements – Empty Subject Detached impersonal style Formal styles are common in English writing. There are many different kinds of formal style, and choice of grammar and vocabulary is important. Formal styles commonly contain few personal pronouns; noun phrases and the passive voice are commonly used. The more formal the style, the more likely it is that it will appear detached and impersonal. 132

Few personal pronouns Pronouns are replaced by impersonal constructions with it and there. Compare more personal more detached and impersonal We suggest that you leave the building It is suggested that you leave the after 8 pm. building after 8 pm. I should like to note a number of There are a number of things here. things here. Noun phrases Noun phrases, rather than verb phrases are common in detached impersonal styles. This process is sometimes called nominalisation. Compare more personal more detached and impersonal She will retire as company director in Her retirement as company director May next year. will be in May next year. Passive voice The passive voice is common in detached impersonal styles. It is also common in academic writing. The passive voice allows the writer to concentrate on processes, rather than on the actions of the human subject. Compare more personal more detached and impersonal In this book I discuss and analyse the In this book the literature of the 1990s literature of the 1990s. is discussed and analysed. (Source: Cambridge Dictionary; https://dictionary.cambridge.org/grammar/british- grammar/detached-impersonal-style) 133

Preview: Listen to the conversation. (Photo by Elizeu Dias on Unsplash; https://unsplash.com/photos/RN6ts8IZ4_0) Exercise: Review the grammar point and do the tasks that follow. 1. Few people in the early 1900s knew how to driver. _______ to own a car. (A) It was unusual (B) It is unusual (C) Was unusual (D) Were unusual 2. Thanks again for dinner. ___________ to see you! (A) I was great (B) Was great (C) It was great 134

3. ___________ matter what time you call. I’ll answer the telephone. (A) It’s no (B) It doesn’t (C) Isn’t (D) It’s not Blended Learning with EDO ใหผูเรียนฝกทักษะดานไวยากรณ (Grammar) จากแบบฝกหัดและแบบทดสอบใน Lesson 6 (Impersonal Statements: Empty Subject) ของ Unit 8 ในโปรแกรมฯ EDO ระดับ Basic 3 Vocabulary: Entertainment Read and listen to each item in the vocabulary list. aisle seat n. seat at the end of a row in the theater audition n. He likes the aisle seat because he has long legs. a short performance to see if you are good enough to be in a auditorium n. play or movie curtain n. He had an audition yesterday to be in the new play. the part of the theater where the audience sits famous adj. The concert will be in the new auditorium. musician n. piece of cloth which covers the stage in a theater, we use the orchestra n. expression \"the curtain goes up\" to say that a performance is part n. starting The curtain goes up in ten minutes. well-known Her father is a famous actor. someone who performs or writes music The musician gave a great concert last night. a large group of musicians playing different instruments He plays the violin in the national orchestra. a role in a play or a movie The actor got a part in the play. 135

program n. a document that tells you about a play usher n. The names of the actors are in the theater program. a person who checks tickets and shows you to your seat in a theater The usher is taking us to our seats. Exercise: Fill in the blank/s with the correct answer/s usher aisle seat orchestra program musician auditorium Ellen arrived at the theater. She entered the _________________ and showed the _________________ her ticket. \"Can you help me find my seat?\" she asked. \"Yes, you have an _________________. Here it is in the front row,\" said the man. \"Oh, I am close to the _________________,\" said Ellen. \"My friend is a _________________ in the orchestra. I can see him!\" Ellen sat down in her seat and looked at her _________________. \"This is going to be a good show,\" she thought. Blended Learning with EDO ใหผูเรียนฝกทักษะดานคําศัพท (Vocabulary) การฟง (Listening) และการพูด (Speaking) จาก แบบฝกหัดและแบบทดสอบใน Lesson 7 (Entertainment) ของ Unit 8 ในโปรแกรมฯ EDO ระดับ Basic 3 136

Unit 9 Saving Energy (Photo by Brina Blum on Unsplash; https://unsplash.com/photos/s5-NmxNA-7c) This unit is about saving energy. In this unit you will... • Become familiar with words and phrases related to the topic, and identify and use different conditional (if) sentences to talk about saving energy. • Learn and practice the comprehension strategy of making predictions, read an article about how to save energy at home and talk about what you do to save energy at home. • Watch a video about a mother and son discussing how to save energy in the home, and write a dialogue continuing the discussion. • Watch and take part in a video conversation about buying an appliance in an appliance store, and take part in a branching conversation about buying an electrical appliance in an appliance store. • Read an article about how people's movements can produce energy and write about a way of using movement to make energy. • Watch a slide show on renewable energy and summarize the lecture for a friend.

Vocabulary: Saving Energy This topic contains a list of words and phrases that you will use in this unit. Read the list and the example sentences. Do you know how to say these words? Listen to the recordings and practice saying the words. electrical appliance machine in the home that uses electricity (form of energy) n. to do a certain job The store sells many electrical appliances such as washing machines and dryers. electricity bill n. statement showing how much money you need to pay for the electricity you used (electricity - form of energy that powers machines) Jake, turn off the heat. Our electricity bill is really high this month! energy efficient adj. using less energy to complete a task Our energy efficient dishwashers use less water and electricity. fossil fuel n. fuel (such as coal, oil, or natural gas) that is created in the earth from dead plants or animals, and produces heat or power when it burns We use fossil fuels to power our cars and heat our homes. lightbulb n. glass object that creates light when electricity flows through it You'll save energy and money on lightbulbs if you turn them off when you leave the room. renewable energy natural source of power, such as the sun, wind, or water n. which does not run out Renewable energy, like solar power, will not run out or cause pollution. save energy to use less energy expression If you keep stovetop burners clean, they work better and save energy. thermostat n. device that controls the temperature in a building or room At night, the thermostat in the room was set at 19◦ C. 138

unplug v. remove an electrical appliance from its power supply by waste v. taking the plug out of an electric socket Please turn off the computer and unplug it from the socket in the wall. use more of something than you need to When you leave the lights on all day, you waste energy. Blended Learning with EDO ใหผูเรียนฝกทักษะดานคําศัพท (Vocabulary) จากแบบฝกหัดและแบบทดสอบใน Lesson 1 (Saving Energy) ของ Unit 9 ในโปรแกรมฯ EDO ระดับ Basic 3 Grammar Focus: Conditionals We use conditional sentences to talk about probable or possible outcomes that are the result of other actions. Most conditional sentences use the word if, however, some also use when. In this unit we will learn about zero conditional and first conditional sentences. Condition clauses and result clauses A conditional sentence has two parts: the 'condition clause' (the action) and the 'result clause' (result of the action). In a conditional sentence the result clause can also come before the condition clause. The meaning stays the same. Zero conditionals We use zero conditionals to talk about an action that always has the same result. Zero conditionals talk about facts, things that are true all the time, and not just in one particular situation. • If you heat ice, it melts. • When you leave unused appliances plugged in, you waste energy. With zero conditionals, both clauses are in the Present Simple. 139

First conditionals We use first conditionals to talk about a specific action that will most likely happen. • If you install a solar panel, your electricity bills will be much lower. • When I need a new dryer, I will buy an energy efficient one. With first conditionals, the 'condition clause' is in the Present Simple and the 'result clause' is in the Future Simple (will + base verb). Condition Result When you leave the lights on all day, … you waste energy. If you install a solar panel, … your electricity bills will be much lower. (Photo by ConvertKit on Unsplash; https://unsplash.com/photos/RvPiAVE-zWo) Blended Learning with EDO ใหผูเรียนฝกทักษะดานไวยากรณ (Grammar) เร่ือง Conditionals จากแบบฝกหัดและแบบทดสอบ ใน Lesson 1 (Saving Energy) ของ Unit 9 ในโปรแกรมฯ EDO ระดบั Basic 3 140

Grammar Focus: Predictions When we make a prediction, we use the information we have in a text to think about what the text is about or what is likely to happen next. We make predictions about what we read and hear by examining context clues like the title, subtitles, pictures, or certain information in a text. When you use clues like these, it is easier to understand what you will read or hear. Before you listen or read: Ask yourself these questions to help you predict what the text will be about: • What kind of text is this? Is it a newspaper article, an e-mail between friends, or a business letter? • What information do I expect from this kind of text? • What does the title of the text tell me? • What does the picture(s) tell me? After you finish listening or reading: Think about what might happen next and ask yourself the following questions: 1. What does the last sentence tell me? 2. What will the speakers do next? 3. What will the main characters do next? (Photo by Thomas Kolnowski on Unsplash; https://unsplash.com/photos/gqsY28obvH8) 141

Blended Learning with EDO ใหผูเรียนฝกทกั ษะดานไวยากรณ (Grammar) เร่ือง Predictions จากแบบฝกหัดและแบบทดสอบใน Lesson 2 (How to Save Energy) ของ Unit 9 ในโปรแกรมฯ EDO ระดับ Basic 3 Listening Skill Practice: The Electricity Bill Preview: Watch the video on English Discoveries Basic 3, Unit 9, Lesson 3. Exercise: Choose the correct answer. 1. Why is Jake’s mother upset? (A) The electricity bill is very high. (B) Jake didn’t do his homework. (C) The apartment is very messy. (D) She had a bad day at work. 142

2. What does Jake’s mother mean when she says, “Did you try putting on a sweater?” (A) He should change his clothes. (B) He didn’t need to have the heating on so high. (C) He’s not dressed for cold weather. (D) He didn’t need to use the washing machine. 3. What will Jake probably do next? (A) Wash his clothing (B) Take a shower (C) Get dinner ready (D) Turn up the heat Blended Learning with EDO ใหผูเรียนฝกทักษะดานการฟง (Listening) จากแบบฝกหัดและแบบทดสอบใน Lesson 3 (The Electricity Bill) ของ Unit 9 ในโปรแกรมฯ EDO ระดับ Basic 3 Listening Skill Practice: Looking for a Washing Machine Preview: Watch the video on English Discoveries Basic 3, Unit 9, Lesson 4. 143

Exercise: Choose the correct answer. 1. What does the customer want to buy? (A) A dryer (B) A dishwasher (C) A washing machine (D) An air conditioner 2. If a machine has an “ENERGY STAR rating,” that means it… (A) doesn't waste energy. (B) has a lot of room inside. (C) works very well. (D) is not expensive. Blended Learning with EDO ใหผูเรียนฝกทักษะดานการฟง (Listening) และการสนทนา (Conversation) จากแบบฝกหัดและ แบบทดสอบใน Lesson 4 (Looking for a Washing Machine) ของ Unit 9 ในโปรแกรมฯ EDO ระดบั Basic 3 (Photo by Annie Spratt on Unsplash; https://unsplash.com/photos/wy_L8W0zcpI) 144

Reading Skill Practice: Make Your Own Energy Preview: Read the article. People Power Imagine charging your cell phone by walking. This is actually already possible! Companies are finding ways to convert human movement into power. Objects in motion have a certain kind of energy. This energy is called kinetic energy. We can use kinetic energy to make power. [1] . One place where there is a lot of kinetic energy is the gym. At the gym, everyone is in motion. Some gyms decided to use this energy to create power. These gyms have special stationary bikes, treadmills, or other exercise machines. [2] . When people use these special machines, they turn a turbine. The turbine creates electricity. This electricity then helps power the gym. Right now, these gyms only get a small amount of their power from human movement. But as technology improves, this amount will grow. 145

Other places that use kinetic energy for power are train stations, airports and schools. [3] . There is a company that puts special tiles in the floor. The movement of people walking on these tiles makes energy. We can use this energy to power lights and to charge laptops and smartphones. Dancing also creates kinetic energy. Some dance clubs have special dance floors. When people dance, their energy lights up the floor; colorful lights flash on and off. [4] . Dance clubs hope that these special floors will soon make enough electricity to run the whole club. You never know where your energy can be used. So get up and get moving – all the power you need is right there in your feet! Photo Credit: by Meghan Holmes on Unsplash; https://unsplash.com/photos/wy_L8W0zcpI) Exercise: Choose the correct answers 1. What is the text mostly about? (A) New exercise machines (B) Fun dance floors (C) Energy from movement (D) Kinetic energy in train stations 2. What do train stations, airports and schools use to make energy from people moving? (A) Special tiles on the floors (B) Stationary bikes and machines (C) Devices in shoes (D) Turbines in the corridors 3. Select the place in the text where the following sentence best fits. “Many people travel through these places every day.” (A) [1] (B) [2] (C) [3] (D) [4] 146

Blended Learning with EDO ใหผูเรียนฝกทักษะดานการอาน (Reading) จากแบบฝกหัดและแบบทดสอบใน Lesson 5 (Make Your Own Energy) ของ Unit 9 ในโปรแกรมฯ EDO ระดับ Basic 3 Listening Skill Practice: Renewable Energy Preview: Watch the video. (Photo by Matthew T Rader on Unsplash; https://unsplash.com/photos/O88J7BqvrzM) Exercise: Choose the correct answer. 1. What is renewable energy? (A) Energy that is made from fossil fuels. (B) Energy that uses generators. (C) Energy that will not run out. (D) Energy that only powers homes. 147