Hồ Chí Minh toàn tập - Tập 1

["214 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP 3) y\u00aau c\u00c7u Ban nghi\u00aan c\u00f8u thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea cung c\u00cap t\u00b5i li\u00d6u cho ph\u00a9n b\u00e9 thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea v\u00b5 c\u00f8 hai ho\u00c6c ba th\u00b8ng m\u00e9t, b\u00b8o c\u00b8o c\u00abng t\u00b8c c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh v\u00edi ph\u00a9n b\u00e9; 4) \u00eb nh\u00f7ng n\u00aci \u00ae\u00b7 th\u00b5nh l\u00cbp ph\u00a9n b\u00e9 thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea th\u00d7 khuy\u00d5n kh\u00ddch c\u00b8c ph\u00a9n b\u00e9 n\u00b5y t\u00a8ng c\u2212\u00eang c\u00abng t\u00b8c tuy\u00aan truy\u00d2n v\u00b5 tuy\u00d3n th\u00aam ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00b6n x\u00f8; 5) tr\u00aan t\u00cat c\u00b6 b\u00b8o ch\u00dd c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng, m\u00eb m\u00e9t m\u00f4c vi\u00d5t v\u00d2 thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea \u00ae\u00d3 l\u00b5m cho \u00ae\u00e9c gi\u00b6 l\u00b5m quen v\u00edi c\u00b8c v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea; 6) n\u00e3i \u00ae\u00d5n c\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea trong h\u00d5t th\u00b6y c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00b9i h\u00e9i, m\u00ddt tinh ho\u00c6c h\u00e9i ngh\u00de c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng; 7) c\u00f6 c\u00b8c ngh\u00de s\u00dc \u00aei th\u00a8m c\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea, m\u00e7i khi n\u00d2n t\u00b5i ch\u00ddnh c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng cho ph\u00d0p; 8) t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c nh\u00f7ng nghi\u00d6p \u00aeo\u00b5n ho\u00c6c th\u00b5nh l\u00cbp c\u00b8c nh\u00e3m t\u2212\u00acng t\u00f9 \u00eb c\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea. M\u00b8txc\u00acva, th\u00b8ng 7 n\u00a8m 1923 Nguy\u00d4n \u00b8i Qu\u00e8c T\u00b5i li\u00d6u vi\u00d5t tay, ti\u00d5ng Ph\u00b8p, l\u2212u t\u00b9i C\u00f4c L\u2212u tr\u00f7 V\u00a8n ph\u00dfng Trung \u2212\u00acng \u00a7\u00b6ng.","215 T\u00d6 \u00ae\u00e9c \u00aeo\u00b8n \u00eb \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng - Ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u2212\u00eec b\u00b6o h\u00e9 v\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai \u00aei b\u00b6o h\u00e9 \u00a4ng C\u00c8m \u00a7\u00b5 L\u00b9t (Trung K\u00fa) c\u00e3 m\u00e9t c\u00b8ch hi\u00d3u vai tr\u00df khai ho\u00b8 c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00d5n l\u00b5 hay. M\u00e9t h\u00abm, ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00e9ng t\u00b8c r\u00cat x\u00f8ng c\u00f1a \u00abng Xar\u00ab n\u00b5y c\u00c7n \u00ae\u00d5n v\u00b8n g\u00e7. \u00a4ng ta sai ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00d5n ki\u00d5m v\u00b8n \u00eb nh\u00b5 m\u00e9t ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00b6n x\u00f8 l\u00b5m ngh\u00d2 bu\u00abn b\u00b8n. Nh\u00b5 bu\u00abn n\u00b5y \u00ae\u00dfi ph\u00b6i tr\u00b6 ti\u00d2n r\u00e5i m\u00edi \u00ae\u2212\u00eec mang h\u00b5ng \u00aei. Nghe l\u00eai y\u00aau c\u00c7u n\u00b5y, \u00abng C\u00c8m n\u00e6i gi\u00cbn, ph\u00b8i ngay l\u00f9c l\u2212\u00eeng v\u00f2 trang \u00ae\u00d5n v\u00edi nghi\u00aam l\u00d6nh l\u00b5 d\u00ef \\\"s\u00e8ng hay ch\u00d5t\\\" c\u00f2ng ph\u00b6i b\u00bet cho \u00ae\u2212\u00eec t\u00aan An Nam \u00ae\u00e3 v\u00d2 s\u00eb. \u00a7\u00d3 tr\u00b8nh c\u00acn gi\u00cbn c\u00f1a v\u00de \u00ae\u00b9i di\u00d6n cho n\u2212\u00edc b\u00b6o h\u00e9, nh\u00b5 bu\u00abn kh\u00abng k\u00d3 g\u00d7 \u00aeang \u00e8m c\u00f2ng \u00ae\u00b5nh ph\u00b6i b\u00e1 c\u00b6 nh\u00b5 c\u00f6a, qu\u00aa h\u2212\u00acng l\u00b8nh sang t\u00d8nh kh\u00b8c. M\u00e9t th\u00c7y thu\u00e8c ng\u2212\u00eai \u00a2u ch\u00f8ng ki\u00d5n t\u00can tr\u00df k\u00d3 tr\u00aan \u00ae\u00b7 can thi\u00d6p \u00ae\u00d3 b\u00aanh v\u00f9c nh\u00b5 bu\u00abn b\u00b6n x\u00f8. V\u00f4 can thi\u00d6p \\\"ch\u2212\u00edng tai gai m\u00bet\\\" n\u00b5y l\u00b5m cho vi\u00aan th\u00c7y thu\u00e8c b\u00de \u00ae\u00e6i \u00aei, b\u00de \u00ae\u00b5y l\u00aan Kon Tum, m\u00e9t n\u00aci n\u2212\u00edc \u00ae\u00e9c m\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai \u00a2u r\u00cat s\u00ee. Ch\u00ddnh \u00ae\u00cay l\u00b5 n\u00aci m\u00b5 vi\u00aan th\u00c7y thu\u00e8c \u00ae\u00e3 \u00aeang \u00ae\u00d2n c\u00b8i t\u00e9i th\u00a9n ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00b6n x\u00f8 c\u00f1a \u00abng. Trong khi \u00cay th\u00d7 b\u00e4n \u00a7\u00b8cl\u00ac, B\u00ab\u00aeoanh v\u00c9n ung dung ph\u00cc ph\u00ecn trong vinh d\u00f9 v\u00b5 kho\u00b8i l\u00b9c. K\u00ce m\u00bec c\u00b8i t\u00e9i x\u00f3c ph\u00b9m uy t\u00ddn k\u00d3 tr\u00aan l\u00b5 b\u00b8c s\u00dc H\u00abngxtarich. Ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi xin t\u00e1 t\u00cam c\u00b6m t\u00d7nh c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi \u00abng \u00cay. C\u00dfn nh\u00b5 bu\u00abn An Nam th\u00d7 sau ra sao? Anh ta b\u00de ghi t\u00aan v\u00b5o s\u00e6 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00de t\u00d7nh nghi, li\u00d6t v\u00b5o h\u00b9ng \\\"ch\u00e8ng T\u00a9y\\\", v\u00b5o s\u00e8 nh\u00f7ng k\u00ce c\u00c7n theo d\u00e2i. M\u00e9t b\u00c7y m\u00cbt th\u00b8m Ph\u00b8p v\u00b5 An Nam b\u00b8m ri\u00d5t theo","216 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP g\u00e3t anh ta. Nhi\u00d6m v\u00f4 c\u00f1a b\u00e4n n\u00b5y l\u00b5 ghi t\u00f5ng gi\u00ea t\u00f5ng ph\u00f3t m\u00e4i h\u00b5nh \u00ae\u00e9ng c\u00f6 ch\u00d8 c\u00f1a anh ta, v\u00b5 t\u00ab \u00aeen t\u00cat c\u00b6 m\u00e4i \u00fd \u00ae\u00denh c\u00f1a anh. C\u00abng cu\u00e9c theo d\u00e2i n\u00b5y \u00ae\u2212\u00eec ti\u00d5n h\u00b5nh m\u00e9t c\u00b8ch kh\u00b8 l\u00e9 li\u00d4u \u00ae\u00d3 l\u00b5m cho b\u00b9n b\u00cc quen thu\u00e9c c\u00f1a ng\u2212\u00eai An Nam n\u00b5y ph\u00b6i ch\u00efn l\u00b9i kh\u00abng d\u00b8m lai v\u00b7ng nh\u00b5 anh n\u00f7a, \u00ae\u00d5n n\u00e7i \u00ae\u00eai s\u00e8ng c\u00f1a anh tr\u00eb n\u00aan h\u00d5t s\u00f8c kh\u00e3 kh\u00a8n. B\u00cat c\u00f8 th\u00d5 n\u00b5o c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng m\u00e9t ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00b6n x\u00f8 n\u00b5o d\u00b8m \u00ae\u00d5n nh\u00b5 anh. Ho\u00b5n to\u00b5n b\u00de c\u00ab l\u00cbp v\u00edi \u00ae\u00e5ng b\u00b5o c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh, nh\u00b5 bu\u00abn n\u00b5y ch\u00d8 c\u00dfn c\u00e3 hai con \u00ae\u2212\u00eang: ho\u00c6c \u00aei \u00a8n c\u2212\u00edp, ho\u00c6c \u00aei \u00a8n m\u00b5y. Nh\u2212ng c\u00b8i ngh\u00d2 th\u00f8 hai n\u00b5y c\u00e3 th\u00d3 l\u00b9i l\u00b5m cho anh c\u00b5ng \u00ae\u00b8ng kh\u00b6 nghi h\u00acn v\u00d7 ki\u00d5p s\u00e8ng lang thang. Nguy\u00d4n \u00b8i Qu\u00e8c B\u00b8o Le Paria, s\u00e8 16, th\u00b8ng 7-1923.","217 \u00b8ch \u00b8p b\u00f8c kh\u00abng t\u00f5 m\u00e9t ch\u00f1ng t\u00e9c n\u00b5o V\u00abr\u00e8pxki, ph\u00b8i vi\u00aan c\u00f1a n\u2212\u00edc Nga c\u00abng n\u00abng \u00ae\u00b7 b\u00de b\u00e4n ph\u00b8t x\u00ddt \u00b8m s\u00b8t \u00eb Th\u00f4y S\u00dc. Kh\u00abng m\u00e9t ph\u00b8i vi\u00aan n\u00b5o c\u00f1a c\u00b8c c\u2212\u00eang qu\u00e8c r\u00cat v\u00a8n minh v\u00b5 r\u00cat s\u00efng \u00ae\u00b9o Thi\u00aan ch\u00f3a \u00aeang h\u00e4p \u00eb L\u00abdann\u00ac h\u00b9 c\u00e8 \u00aei \u00ae\u2212a \u00ae\u00b8m. Ch\u00d8 c\u00e3 ph\u00b8i \u00aeo\u00b5n Th\u00e6 Nh\u00dc K\u00fa do Ixm\u00d5t Pasa d\u00c9n \u00ae\u00c7u \u00ae\u00b7 \u00ae\u00d5n nghi\u00aang m\u00d7nh tr\u2212\u00edc thi h\u00b5i ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00de s\u00b8t h\u00b9i. Ben Ra\u00aeia, m\u00e9t c\u00abng nh\u00a9n, qu\u00aa \u00eb Tuynidi \u00ae\u00b7 b\u00de c\u00b6nh s\u00b8t gi\u00d5t \u00eb Pari ng\u00b5y 1 th\u00b8ng 5. C\u00b8c t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c c\u00abng nh\u00a9n \u00eb Pari \u00ae\u00b7 t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c m\u00e9t \u00ae\u00b8m tang l\u00edn. H\u00b5ng m\u00cay ngh\u00d7n c\u00abng nh\u00a9n \u00ae\u00b7 ngh\u00d8 vi\u00d6c ng\u00b5y h\u00abm \u00ae\u00e3 \u00ae\u00d3 \u00aei \u00ae\u2212a ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd b\u00b6n x\u00f8 c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh t\u00edi n\u00aci an ngh\u00d8 cu\u00e8i c\u00efng. T\u00cat c\u00b6 nh\u00f7ng li\u00d6t s\u00dc c\u00f1a giai c\u00cap c\u00abng nh\u00a9n, ng\u2212\u00eai \u00eb L\u00abdann\u00ac c\u00f2ng nh\u2212 \u00eb Pari, nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai Havr\u00ac c\u00f2ng nh\u2212 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai \u00eb M\u00b8ctin\u00ddch, \u00ae\u00d2u l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng n\u00b9n nh\u00a9n c\u00f1a m\u00e9t k\u00ce gi\u00d5t ng\u2212\u00eai: ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca t\u2212 b\u00b6n qu\u00e8c t\u00d5. V\u00b5 h\u2212\u00acng h\u00e5n c\u00f1a nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00de hy sinh n\u00b5y lu\u00abn t\u00d7m th\u00cay ngu\u00e5n an \u00f1i cao c\u00b6 nh\u00cat \u00eb l\u00dfng tin v\u00b5o s\u00f9 nghi\u00d6p gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng nh\u00f7ng anh em c\u00f1a h\u00e4 b\u00de \u00b8p b\u00f8c - kh\u00abng ph\u00a9n bi\u00d6t ch\u00f1ng t\u00e9c hay x\u00f8 s\u00eb. Sau nh\u00f7ng b\u00b5i h\u00e4c \u00aeau \u00ae\u00edn n\u00b5y, nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00de \u00b8p b\u00f8c \u00eb t\u00cat c\u00b6 c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc h\u00bcn ph\u00b6i hi\u00d3u \u00ae\u00a9u l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai anh em th\u00cbt s\u00f9 v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00a9u l\u00b5 k\u00ce th\u00ef c\u00f1a h\u00e4. Nguy\u00d4n \u00b8i Qu\u00e8c B\u00b8o Le Paria, s\u00e8 17, th\u00b8ng 8-1923.","218 \u00a7\u00e9i qu\u00a9n ch\u00e8ng c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng Ch\u00f3ng ta \u00ae\u00d2u bi\u00d5t r\u00bbng s\u00f9 tranh gi\u00b5nh thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea l\u00b5 m\u00e9t trong nh\u00f7ng nguy\u00aan nh\u00a9n ch\u00ddnh c\u00f1a chi\u00d5n tranh \u00ae\u00d5 qu\u00e8c ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca n\u00a8m 1914-1918. \u00a7i\u00d2u m\u00b5 t\u00cat c\u00b6 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai Ph\u00b8p \u00ae\u00d2u kh\u00abng th\u00d3 kh\u00abng bi\u00d5t \u00ae\u00d5n l\u00b5 vi\u00d6c \u00ae\u2212a nh\u00f7ng \u00ae\u00e9i qu\u00a9n vi\u00d4n chinh sang c\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea \u00ae\u00b7 l\u00b5m cho d\u00a9n s\u00e8 gi\u00b6m s\u00f3t m\u00e9t c\u00b8ch tr\u00c7m tr\u00e4ng m\u00b5 hi\u00d6n nay \u00ae\u00cat n\u2212\u00edc h\u00e4 \u00aeang ph\u00b6i ch\u00deu \u00ae\u00f9ng. N\u00d5u \u00ae\u00e4c c\u00b8c b\u00b6n th\u00e8ng k\u00aa nh\u00f7ng s\u00f9 t\u00e6n th\u00cat qu\u00a9n s\u00f9 v\u00d2 ng\u2212\u00eai ch\u00d5t v\u00b5 b\u00de th\u2212\u00acng \u00eb c\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea, th\u00d7 ng\u2212\u00eai ta s\u00cf ph\u00b6i kinh kh\u00f1ng v\u00d2 s\u00f9 hao h\u00f4t m\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng s\u00f9 t\u00e6n th\u00cat \u00ae\u00e3 \u00ae\u00b7 g\u00a9y ra cho m\u00e9t d\u00a9n s\u00e8 \u00aeang m\u00e7i ng\u00b5y m\u00e9t gi\u00b6m s\u00f3t nh\u2212 d\u00a9n s\u00e8 n\u2212\u00edc Ph\u00b8p. T\u00f5 th\u00b8ng 1 \u00ae\u00d5n th\u00b8ng 6-1923, ri\u00aang \u00eb Mar\u00e8c c\u00f2ng \u00ae\u00b7 c\u00e3 840 binh l\u00ddnh b\u00de gi\u00d5t hay b\u00de th\u2212\u00acng \u00ae\u00d3 mang l\u00b9i quang vinh cho Th\u00e8ng ch\u00d5 Li\u00abt\u00a9y! \u00a7i\u00d2u m\u00b5 giai c\u00cap c\u00abng nh\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p kh\u00abng th\u00d3 kh\u00abng bi\u00d5t \u00ae\u00d5n l\u00b5 ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca t\u2212 b\u00b6n d\u00f9a v\u00b5o thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea \u00ae\u00d3 ch\u00e8ng l\u00b9i t\u00cat c\u00b6 m\u00e4i phong tr\u00b5o gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng m\u00b5 giai c\u00cap c\u00abng nh\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p \u00ae\u00denh m\u2212u \u00ae\u00e5. Kh\u00abng ho\u00b5n to\u00b5n tin t\u2212\u00ebng nh\u00f7ng binh l\u00ddnh ng\u2212\u00eai da tr\u00beng n\u00f7a v\u00d7 h\u00e4 \u00ddt nhi\u00d2u c\u00f2ng \u00ae\u00b7 ti\u00aam nhi\u00d4m t\u2212 t\u2212\u00ebng v\u00d2 giai c\u00cap, b\u00e4n qu\u00a9n phi\u00d6t Ph\u00b8p l\u00cay nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00b6n x\u00f8 \u00eb ch\u00a9u Phi v\u00b5 ch\u00a9u \u00b8 \u00ae\u00d3 thay th\u00d5 h\u00e4. Trong s\u00e8 150 trung \u00aeo\u00b5n c\u00f1a qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i Ph\u00b8p, c\u00e3 10 trung \u00aeo\u00b5n ng\u2212\u00eai da tr\u00beng \u00eb c\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea, ngh\u00dca l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai n\u00f6a b\u00b6n x\u00f8; 30 trung \u00aeo\u00b5n ng\u2212\u00eai ch\u00a9u Phi v\u00b5 39 trung \u00aeo\u00b5n ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00b6n x\u00f8 c\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea kh\u00b8c. Nh\u2212 v\u00cby, m\u00e9t n\u00f6a s\u00e8 qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i Ph\u00b8p l\u00b5 tuy\u00d3n m\u00e9 \u00eb c\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea.","\u00ae\u00e9i qu\u00a9n ch\u00e8ng c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng 219 M\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai An Nam ph\u00b6i t\u00dfng qu\u00a9n 4 n\u00a8m, ng\u2212\u00eai Angi\u00aari 3 n\u00a8m; th\u00d5 l\u00b5 theo s\u00f9 t\u00ddnh to\u00b8n c\u00f1a b\u00e4n qu\u00a9n phi\u00d6t Ph\u00b8p th\u00d7 gi\u00b8 tr\u00de 2 ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00ddnh b\u00b6n x\u00f8 g\u00c7n b\u00bbng 5 ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00ddnh Ph\u00b8p. H\u00acn n\u00f7a, v\u00d7 kh\u00abng hi\u00d3u ti\u00d5ng n\u00e3i v\u00b5 ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de trong n\u2212\u00edc, kh\u00abng c\u00e3 m\u00e9t m\u00e8i quan h\u00d6 n\u00b5o r\u00b5ng bu\u00e9c h\u00e4 v\u00edi d\u00a9n c\u2212 ch\u00ddnh qu\u00e8c, t\u2212\u00ebng r\u00bbng t\u00cat c\u00b6 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai da tr\u00beng \u00ae\u00d2u c\u00efng gi\u00e8ng v\u00edi nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00e3c l\u00e9t h\u00e4, v\u00b5 cu\u00e8i c\u00efng, do nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai da tr\u00beng c\u00cap tr\u00aan c\u00f1a h\u00e4 th\u00f3c \u00ae\u00c8y, n\u00aan ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00ddnh b\u00b6n x\u00f8 c\u00e3 th\u00d3 ngoan ngo\u00b7n v\u00b5 m\u00ef qu\u00b8ng b\u2212\u00edc v\u00b5o ch\u00e7 m\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00ddnh Ph\u00b8p, gi\u00b8c ng\u00e9 h\u00acn, c\u00e3 th\u00d3 t\u00f5 ch\u00e8i kh\u00abng ch\u00deu b\u2212\u00edc. Nguy hi\u00d3m l\u00b5 \u00eb ch\u00e7 \u00ae\u00e3. Ng\u2212\u00eai ta t\u00f9 h\u00e1i v\u00d7 l\u00fd do g\u00d7 m\u00b5 31 trung \u00aeo\u00b5n trong s\u00e8 nh\u00f7ng trung \u00aeo\u00b5n ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00b6n x\u00f8 s\u00cf \u00ae\u00e3ng l\u00b9i tr\u00aan l\u00b7nh th\u00e6 Ph\u00b8p. H\u00e4 s\u00cf \u00ae\u2212\u00eec d\u00efng \u00ae\u00d3 l\u00b5m g\u00d7? Ph\u00b6i ch\u00a8ng ng\u2212\u00eai ta s\u00cf d\u00efng nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00b6n x\u00f8 \u00ae\u00e3 \u00ae\u00d3 khai ho\u00b8 cho ng\u2212\u00eai Ph\u00b8p? Nh\u2212 v\u00cby l\u00b5 \u00fd \u00ae\u00denh c\u00f1a ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca t\u2212 b\u00b6n Ph\u00b8p \u00ae\u00b7 r\u00e2 r\u00b5ng. C\u00abng nh\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p c\u00e3 nhi\u00d6m v\u00f4 ph\u00b6i h\u00b5nh \u00ae\u00e9ng. H\u00e4 ph\u00b6i k\u00d5t t\u00d7nh anh em v\u00edi binh l\u00ddnh b\u00b6n x\u00f8. H\u00e4 ph\u00b6i l\u00b5m cho binh l\u00ddnh b\u00b6n x\u00f8 hi\u00d3u r\u00bbng c\u00b6 c\u00abng nh\u00a9n \u00eb ch\u00ddnh qu\u00e8c l\u00c9n binh l\u00ddnh \u00eb thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea, \u00ae\u00d2u c\u00efng b\u00de chung m\u00e9t b\u00e4n ch\u00f1 \u00b8p b\u00f8c v\u00b5 b\u00e3c l\u00e9t, do \u00ae\u00e3, h\u00e4 \u00ae\u00d2u l\u00b5 anh em c\u00efng m\u00e9t giai c\u00cap v\u00b5 khi t\u00edi l\u00f3c ph\u00b6i chi\u00d5n \u00ae\u00cau, th\u00d7 c\u00b6 hai b\u00aan \u00ae\u00d2u ph\u00b6i c\u00efng \u00ae\u00b8nh b\u00e4n ch\u00f1 chung c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh, ch\u00f8 anh em kh\u00abng n\u00aan \u00ae\u00b8nh l\u00c9n nhau. Nguy\u00d4n \u00b8i Qu\u00e8c B\u00b8o La Vie Ouvri\u00ccre, ng\u00b5y 7-9-1923.","220 B\u00b8o c\u00b8o g\u00f6i Qu\u00e8c t\u00d5 C\u00e9ng s\u00b6n1) \u00a7\u00a4NG D\u00a6\u00a5NG, T\u00e3M T\u00beT Ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de Kh\u00abng c\u00e3 ch\u00ddnh \u00ae\u00b6ng: \u00a7\u00cat n\u2212\u00edc b\u00de cai tr\u00de theo c\u00b8ch nh\u2212 sau: Nam K\u00fa v\u00b5 B\u00bec K\u00fa b\u00de cai tr\u00de tr\u00f9c ti\u00d5p b\u00ebi c\u00b8c nh\u00b5 c\u00c7m quy\u00d2n Ph\u00b8p v\u00edi nh\u00f7ng thu\u00e9c h\u00b9 ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00b6n x\u00f8. Trung K\u00fa v\u00b5 Campuchia c\u00e3 Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 b\u00b6n x\u00f8 c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh m\u00b5 th\u00f9c t\u00d5 ch\u00d8 l\u00b5 th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh c\u00b8c m\u00d6nh l\u00d6nh c\u00f1a c\u00b8c nh\u00b5 cai tr\u00de Ph\u00b8p. Kinh t\u00d5 X\u00dd nghi\u00d6p, \u00ae\u00e5n \u00aei\u00d2n, h\u00c7m m\u00e1, giao th\u00abng v\u00cbn t\u00b6i v\u00b5 th\u2212\u00acng nghi\u00d6p l\u00edn, t\u00cat c\u00b6 \u00ae\u00d2u \u00eb trong tay ng\u2212\u00eai Ph\u00b8p. Th\u2212\u00acng nghi\u00d6p h\u00b9ng v\u00f5a c\u00e3 th\u00d3 n\u00e3i l\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai Trung Qu\u00e8c n\u00bem \u00ae\u00e9c quy\u00d2n. Ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00b6n x\u00f8 ch\u00d8 c\u00e3 th\u2212\u00acng nghi\u00d6p \u00ae\u00dea ph\u2212\u00acng nh\u00e1. X\u00b7 h\u00e9i D\u00a9n c\u2212 h\u00eep th\u00b5nh x\u00b7, nh\u00f7ng x\u00b7 h\u00eep th\u00b5nh t\u00e6ng, nh\u00f7ng t\u00e6ng th\u00b5nh huy\u00d6n, nh\u00f7ng huy\u00d6n th\u00b5nh t\u00d8nh. D\u00a9n c\u2212 b\u00c7u l\u00cay l\u00fd tr\u2212\u00ebng, nh\u00f7ng l\u00fd tr\u2212\u00ebng b\u00c7u l\u00cay ch\u00b8nh t\u00e6ng. Cu\u00e9c b\u00c7u c\u00f6 c\u00f1a nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n d\u00f5ng l\u00b9i \u00eb \u00ae\u00cay. Nh\u00f7ng huy\u00d6n v\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng t\u00d8nh th\u00d7 c\u00b8c quan cai tr\u00de do Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 ch\u00d8 \u00ae\u00denh. _______________ 1) \u00a7\u00c7u b\u00b5i do ban bi\u00aan t\u00cbp \u00ae\u00c6t. Tr\u00aan \u00ae\u00c7u t\u00b5i li\u00d6u ghi 21\/IX\/23. M\u00cbt (BT).","B\u00b8o c\u00b8o g\u00f6i qu\u00e8c t\u00d5 c\u00e9ng s\u00b6n 221 Tri\u00d2u \u00ae\u00d7nh v\u00b5 quan ch\u00f8c l\u00d6 thu\u00e9c tuy\u00d6t \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00b5o ch\u00ddnh quy\u00d2n Ph\u00b8p. H\u00e4 b\u00de ch\u00f1 Ph\u00b8p c\u00f1a h\u00e4 khinh b\u00d8 v\u00b5 nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n An Nam gh\u00d0t. Thi\u00d3u s\u00e8 c\u00b8c nh\u00b5 nho hay l\u00b5 c\u00b8c nh\u00b5 tr\u00dd th\u00f8c l\u00b5 c\u00b8c nh\u00b5 c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng d\u00a9n t\u00e9c ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca. Ch\u00ddnh h\u00e4 \u00ae\u00b7 kh\u00ddch \u00ae\u00e9ng m\u00e4i cu\u00e9c n\u00e6i d\u00cby trong qu\u00b8 kh\u00f8. C\u00abng nh\u00a9n c\u00e3 th\u00d3 l\u00b5 2% trong d\u00a9n s\u00e8, kh\u00abng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec h\u00e4c h\u00b5nh, kh\u00abng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c. Do v\u00cby h\u00e4 kh\u00abng c\u00e3 m\u00e9t l\u00f9c l\u2212\u00eeng ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de n\u00b5o. Ti\u00d3u t\u2212 s\u00b6n kh\u00abng nhi\u00d2u, l\u00b5 m\u00e9t ph\u00c7n t\u00f6 b\u00cap b\u00aanh. N\u00e3 ch\u00deu s\u00f9 chi ph\u00e8i b\u00ebi nhi\u00d2u th\u00f8 tri\u00d5t l\u00fd, nh\u2212 l\u00b5 n\u00e3 h\u2212\u00edng v\u00b5o phong tr\u00b5o d\u00a9n t\u00e9c r\u00cat v\u00e9i v\u00b7. N\u00e3 nh\u00f3t nh\u00b8t. Qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng n\u00abng d\u00a9n b\u00de b\u00e3c l\u00e9t nh\u00cat v\u00b5 c\u00efng kh\u00e6 nh\u00cat, r\u00cat y\u00aau n\u2212\u00edc. Tuy\u00aan truy\u00d2n t\u00e8t trong n\u00abng d\u00a9n v\u00b5 t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c t\u00e8t trong c\u00abng nh\u00a9n n\u00d5u ch\u00f3ng ta l\u00b5m t\u00e8t \u00ae\u2212\u00eec \u00aei\u00d2u \u00ae\u00e3 th\u00d7 t\u2212\u00acng lai thu\u00e9c v\u00d2 ch\u00f3ng ta. cH\u00a6\u00a5NG TR\u00d7NH HO\u00b9T \u00a7\u00e9NG 1\/ Xu\u00cat b\u00b6n m\u00e9t t\u00ea b\u00b8o nh\u00e1 ti\u00d5ng Vi\u00d6t. 2\/ T\u00cbp h\u00eep nh\u00f7ng ph\u00c7n t\u00f6 d\u00a9n t\u00e9c c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng. 3\/ C\u00e8 g\u00beng \u00ae\u2212a nh\u00f7ng thanh ni\u00aan ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00b6n x\u00f8 \u00aei M\u00b8txc\u00acva. 4\/ X\u00a9y d\u00f9ng d\u00a9y li\u00aan l\u00b9c M\u00b8txc\u00acva - \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng - Pari. H\u00eeP T\u00b8C a\/ \u00a7i\u00d2u g\u00d7 m\u00b5 \u00a7\u00b6ng c\u00e3 th\u00d3 l\u00b5m th\u00d7 \u00ae\u00b7 li\u00d6t k\u00aa trong th\u2212 g\u00f6i cho n\u00e3 do Ban ph\u2212\u00acng \u00a7\u00abng chuy\u00d3n. b\/ T\u00e6ng C\u00abng h\u00e9i th\u00e8ng nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00b7 h\u00f8a l\u00b5m h\u00d5t s\u00f8c m\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00d3 2 ho\u00c6c 3 \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd ng\u2212\u00eai Ph\u00b8p c\u00e3 th\u00d3 sang \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng \u00ae\u00d3 t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c c\u00abng nh\u00a9n. c\/ Thanh ni\u00aan c\u00e9ng s\u00b6n Ph\u00b8p ph\u00b6i l\u00eei d\u00f4ng ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca qu\u00a9n phi\u00d6t \u00ae\u00d3 \u00ae\u2212a nh\u00f7ng th\u00b5nh vi\u00aan ch\u00bec ch\u00ben nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00a8ng l\u00ddnh v\u00b5o \u00ae\u00e9i","222 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP qu\u00a9n thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea \u00ae\u00d3 d\u00bet d\u00c9n s\u00f9 tuy\u00aan truy\u00d2n trong nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00b6n x\u00f8. 2\/ S\u00f9 gi\u00f3p \u00ae\u00ec c\u00f1a Thanh ni\u00aan c\u00e9ng s\u00b6n Trung Qu\u00e8c l\u00b5 tuy\u00d6t \u00ae\u00e8i c\u00c7n thi\u00d5t cho s\u00f9 ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng \u00eb \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng. M\u00e9t cu\u00e9c th\u00b6o lu\u00cbn gi\u00f7a nh\u00f7ng \u00ae\u00b9i bi\u00d3u c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng, c\u00f1a T\u00e6ng c\u00abng h\u00e9i th\u00e8ng nh\u00cat, c\u00f1a Thanh ni\u00aan v\u00b5 c\u00f1a Ban Ph\u2212\u00acng \u00a7\u00abng c\u00e3 th\u00d3 l\u00e3 ra nhi\u00d2u \u00b8nh s\u00b8ng kh\u00b8c. T\u00b5i li\u00d6u vi\u00d5t tay, ti\u00d5ng Ph\u00b8p, b\u00b6n ch\u00f4p l\u2212u t\u00b9i Vi\u00d6n H\u00e5 Ch\u00dd Minh.","223 Kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca qu\u00a9n phi\u00d6t \u00ae\u00a9u, nh\u2212ng... \u00a4ng Cl\u00aam\u00a8ngx\u00ab \u00ae\u00b7 ch\u00f8ng minh r\u00cat r\u00b5nh r\u00e4t cho th\u00d5 gi\u00edi n\u00e3i chung, v\u00b5 cho ng\u2212\u00eai M\u00fc n\u00e3i ri\u00aang r\u00bbng n\u2212\u00edc Ph\u00b8p kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i l\u00b5 m\u00e9t n\u2212\u00edc qu\u00a9n phi\u00d6t, c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i l\u00b5 m\u00e9t n\u2212\u00edc \u00ae\u00d5 qu\u00e8c ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca, ho\u00b5n to\u00b5n ch\u00bcng ph\u00b6i th\u00d5 \u00ae\u00a9u nh\u00d0! Th\u00d5 nh\u2212ng \u00abng \u00b8csimb\u00ab l\u00b9i v\u00f5a m\u00edi l\u00b5m cho ti\u00aau m\u00cat \u00ae\u00abi ch\u00f3t c\u00b8i v\u00ce m\u00fc mi\u00d2u c\u00f1a nh\u00f7ng l\u00eai n\u00e3i c\u00f1a \\\"\u00a4ng C\u00e4p\\\", khi \u00abng \u00b8csimb\u00ab vi\u00d5t trong b\u00b6n b\u00b8o c\u00b8o v\u00f5a r\u00e5i c\u00f1a \u00abng ta v\u00d2 ng\u00a9n s\u00b8ch thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea r\u00bbng: N\u00a8m 1914, qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i chi\u00d5m \u00ae\u00e3ng g\u00e5m c\u00e3 1.852 s\u00dc quan, 17.290 h\u00b9 s\u00dc quan v\u00b5 l\u00ddnh ng\u2212\u00eai \u00a2u, 42.099 ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00b6n x\u00f8; l\u00b9i ph\u00b6i th\u00aam v\u00b5o s\u00e8 \u00ae\u00e3 1.979 ng\u2212\u00eai trong c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e9i c\u00b6nh v\u00d6 b\u00b6n x\u00f8 c\u00f1a \u00a7ah\u00abm\u00a9y, Ghin\u00aa v\u00b5 B\u00ea Bi\u00d3n Ng\u00b5, hi\u00d6n nay nh\u00f7ng \u00ae\u00e9i l\u00ddnh n\u00b5y \u00ae\u00b7 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec thay th\u00d5 b\u00bbng nh\u00f7ng \u00ae\u00e9i qu\u00a9n ch\u00ddnh quy. T\u00e6ng c\u00e9ng qu\u00a9n s\u00e8 l\u00b5 63.220 ng\u2212\u00eai. T\u00f5 sau chi\u00d5n tranh, ng\u2212\u00eai ta \u00ae\u00b7 ph\u00b6i thi\u00d5t l\u00cbp t\u00b9i c\u00b8c khu v\u00f9c u\u00fb tr\u00de, T\u00abg\u00ab v\u00b5 Cam\u00acrun, nh\u00f7ng tr\u00b9i l\u00ddnh m\u00b5 qu\u00a9n s\u00e8 l\u00aan t\u00edi 1.712 ng\u2212\u00eai. Ngo\u00b5i ra, c\u00dfn ph\u00b6i th\u00b5nh l\u00cbp, nh\u00cat l\u00b5 t\u00b9i T\u00a9y Phi thu\u00e9c Ph\u00b8p, nh\u00f7ng \u00ae\u00acn v\u00de \u00ae\u00c6c bi\u00d6t \u00ae\u00d3 tuy\u00d3n m\u00e9, \u00ae\u00a8ng k\u00fd nh\u00cbp ng\u00f2 v\u00b5 hu\u00can luy\u00d6n s\u00e8 binh l\u00ddnh ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00b6n x\u00f8 ph\u00f4c v\u00f4 \u00eb Ph\u00b8p ho\u00c6c \u00eb n\u2212\u00edc ngo\u00b5i. C\u00b8c \u00ae\u00acn v\u00de \u00ae\u00e3 \u00ae\u00b7 thu h\u00f3t 2.237 ng\u2212\u00eai, trong \u00ae\u00e3 c\u00e3 271 s\u00dc quan v\u00b5 h\u00b9 s\u00dc quan ng\u2212\u00eai \u00a2u. Sau h\u00d5t, con s\u00e8 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00b6n x\u00f8 ph\u00f4c v\u00f4 \u00eb Ph\u00b8p ho\u00c6c \u00eb n\u2212\u00edc ngo\u00b5i, v\u00b5 do c\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea tr\u00f9c thu\u00e9c B\u00e9 Thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea cung c\u00cap, l\u00b5 45.000 ng\u2212\u00eai.","224 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP N\u00d5u ch\u00f3ng ta n\u00e3i th\u00aam r\u00bbng, ch\u00d8 ri\u00aang \u00eb \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng, chi ph\u00dd v\u00d2 qu\u00a9n s\u00f9 n\u00a8m 1921, c\u00f2ng \u00ae\u00b7 h\u00acn 35.600.000 phr\u00a8ng, trong khi \u00ae\u00e3 ng\u00a9n s\u00b8ch gi\u00b8o d\u00f4c c\u00e3 kh\u00abng \u00ae\u00c7y 350 ngh\u00d7n \u00ae\u00e5ng b\u00b9c v\u00b5 ng\u00a9n s\u00b8ch v\u00d2 y t\u00d5 kh\u00abng \u00ae\u00c7y 65 ngh\u00d7n \u00ae\u00e5ng b\u00b9c th\u00d7 s\u00cf th\u00cay ngay t\u00cat c\u00b6 s\u00f9 t\u00e8t \u00ae\u00d1p c\u00f1a ch\u00d5 \u00ae\u00e9 th\u00f9c d\u00a9n c\u00f1a c\u00b8i n\u2212\u00edc C\u00e9ng ho\u00b5 Ph\u00b8p r\u00cat nh\u00a9n t\u00f5 v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b7 t\u00b5i gi\u00b6m qu\u00a9n b\u00de n\u00b5y. Nguy\u00d4n \u00b8i Qu\u00e8c B\u00b8o L'Humanit\u00d0, ng\u00b5y 28-9-1923.","225 Ph\u00b8t bi\u00d3u t\u00b9i H\u00e9i ngh\u00de l\u00c7n th\u00f8 nh\u00cat Qu\u00e8c t\u00d5 N\u00abng d\u00a9n36 N\u00abng d\u00a9n trong c\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea c\u00f1a Ph\u00b8p b\u00de hai t\u00c7ng b\u00e3c l\u00e9t: v\u00f5a nh\u2212 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai v\u00ab s\u00b6n, v\u00f5a nh\u2212 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00de m\u00cat n\u2212\u00edc. \u00eb Angi\u00aari, nh\u00f7ng \u00ae\u00cat \u00aeai m\u00b5u m\u00ec \u00ae\u2212\u00eec d\u00b5nh cho ng\u2212\u00eai Ph\u00b8p; c\u00dfn nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai n\u00abng d\u00a9n th\u00d7 b\u00de d\u00e5n v\u00b5o s\u00e8ng trong v\u00efng n\u00f3i l\u00b5 n\u00aci \u00ae\u00cat \u00aeai c\u00bbn c\u00e7i v\u00b5 kh\u00abng th\u00d3 canh t\u00b8c \u00ae\u2212\u00eec. \u00eb \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng, h\u00d4 ng\u2212\u00eai Ph\u00b8p \u00ae\u00d5n l\u00b5 Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 c\u00cap cho anh ta c\u00b6 nhi\u00d2u l\u00b5ng tr\u00e4n v\u00d1n. Nh\u2212ng ng\u2212\u00eai n\u00abng d\u00a9n, kh\u00abng ch\u00d8 b\u00c7n n\u00abng m\u00b5 c\u00b6 trung n\u00abng \u00ae\u00d2u b\u00de b\u00bet bu\u00e9c ph\u00b6i r\u00eai b\u00e1 qu\u00aa h\u2212\u00acng c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh ho\u00c6c l\u00b5m \u00ae\u00b5y t\u00ed cho \u00abng ch\u00f1 ng\u2212\u00eai n\u2212\u00edc ngo\u00b5i. Th\u2212a c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd, khi c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd \u00ae\u2212\u00eec t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c l\u00b9i, c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd c\u00c7n ph\u00b6i n\u00aau g\u2212\u00acng cho ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi, gi\u00f3p \u00ae\u00ec ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi, dang r\u00e9ng c\u00b8nh tay anh em \u00ae\u00e3n ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi \u00ae\u00d3 ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi c\u00f2ng c\u00e3 th\u00d3 b\u2212\u00edc v\u00b5o gia \u00ae\u00d7nh v\u00ab s\u00b6n qu\u00e8c t\u00d5. T\u00b5i li\u00d6u ti\u00d5ng Ph\u00b8p, b\u00b6n ch\u00f4p l\u2212u t\u00b9i C\u00f4c L\u2212u tr\u00f7 V\u00a8n ph\u00dfng Trung \u2212\u00acng \u00a7\u00b6ng.","226 Ph\u00b8t bi\u00d3u t\u00b9i H\u00e9i ngh\u00de l\u00c7n th\u00f8 nh\u00cat qu\u00e8c t\u00d5 n\u00abng d\u00a9n \u00eb c\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea Ph\u00b8p, c\u00abng ngh\u00d6 v\u00b5 th\u2212\u00acng m\u00b9i ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n r\u00cat k\u00d0m. Trong s\u00e8 55.571.000 d\u00a9n b\u00b6n x\u00f8 th\u00d7 c\u00e3 95% l\u00b5 n\u00abng d\u00a9n. H\u00e4 b\u00de b\u00e3c l\u00e9t h\u00d5t s\u00f8c th\u00cbm t\u00d6. Xin n\u00aau m\u00e9t v\u00b5i v\u00dd d\u00f4: \u00eb \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng, do chi\u00d5n tranh, n\u00abng d\u00a9n b\u00de \u00aeu\u00e6i \u00aei, b\u00de coi l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng \u00ae\u00e8i t\u2212\u00eeng th\u00ef \u00ae\u00dech, nh\u2212ng n\u00abng d\u00a9n v\u00c9n ph\u00b6i b\u00b8m l\u00cay l\u00b5ng x\u00e3m, ru\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00cat, m\u00c6c d\u00ef n\u00e3 \u00ae\u00b7 b\u00de nh\u00f7ng t\u00aan \u00ae\u00c6c quy\u00d2n th\u00f5a l\u00d6nh qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i chi\u00d5m gi\u00f7. Nhi\u00d2u khi ng\u2212\u00eai ta l\u00b9i c\u00dfn ban ra c\u00b8c quy\u00d2n h\u00b9n \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi c\u00b8c khu v\u00f9c m\u00b5 \u00eb \u00ae\u00e3 n\u00abng d\u00a9n \u00ae\u00b7 c\u2212 tr\u00f3 v\u00b5 c\u00cay tr\u00e5ng h\u00b5ng tr\u00a8m n\u00a8m nay. N\u00abng d\u00a9n An Nam \u00ae\u00b7 nh\u00cbn th\u00cay c\u00b6nh bu\u00e9c ph\u00b6i l\u00b5m n\u00ab l\u00d6 c\u00b5y c\u00cay cho nh\u00f7ng t\u00aan ch\u00f1 m\u00edi xa l\u00b9 tr\u00aan m\u00b6nh ru\u00e9ng c\u00f2 c\u00f1a h\u00e4. Nh\u00f7ng t\u00aan \u00ae\u00c6c quy\u00d2n ng\u2212\u00eai Ph\u00b8p kh\u00abng ch\u00d8 chi\u00d5m \u00aeo\u00b9t ru\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00cat t\u00efy ti\u00d6n, \u00ae\u00b7 chi\u00d5m kho\u00b6ng 20 \u00ae\u00d5n 25 ngh\u00d7n h\u00d0cta, m\u00b5 c\u00dfn c\u00e3 nh\u00f7ng \u00ae\u00c6c quy\u00d2n b\u00e3c l\u00e9t theo kh\u00b6 n\u00a8ng cho ph\u00d0p, ch\u00bcng h\u00b9n nh\u2212 b\u00e3c l\u00e9t s\u00f8c lao \u00ae\u00e9ng \u00eb n\u00abng th\u00abn. B\u00aan c\u00b9nh vi\u00d6c cai tr\u00de theo l\u00e8i c\u2212\u00edp b\u00e3c l\u00b5 gi\u00edi t\u00abn gi\u00b8o b\u00dep b\u00eem. Qua c\u00b8c vi\u00d6c l\u00b5m x\u00cau xa, kh\u00b6 \u00e8, cho vay n\u00c6ng l\u00b7i, \u00ae\u00b9o thi\u00aan ch\u00f3a gi\u00b8o \u00eb Nam K\u00fa \u00ae\u00b7 c\u2212\u00edp m\u00e9t ph\u00c7n t\u2212 di\u00d6n t\u00ddch canh t\u00b8c \u00eb thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea n\u00b5y. N\u00abng d\u00a9n An Nam \u00ae\u00b7 b\u00de c\u2212\u00edp b\u00e3c b\u00bbng h\u00d7nh th\u00f8c th\u00abng qua nh\u00f7ng t\u00aan m\u00d6nh danh l\u00b5 b\u00b6o v\u00d6 th\u00d5 gi\u00edi, b\u00b6o v\u00d6 tinh th\u00c7n v\u00b5 ch\u00bcng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec h\u2212\u00ebng m\u00e9t ch\u00f3t quy\u00d2n y\u00aan th\u00a9n t\u00e8i thi\u00d3u c\u00dfn l\u00b9i. Thu\u00d5 \u00aei\u00d2n \u00ae\u00dea \u00ae\u00b7 t\u00a8ng 3 l\u00c7n trong nh\u00f7ng n\u00a8m g\u00c7n \u00ae\u00a9y. Ngo\u00b5i ra, khi b\u00e4n cai","Ph\u00b8t bi\u00d3u t\u00b9i h\u00e9i ngh\u00de l\u00c7n th\u00f8 nh\u00cat... 227 tr\u00de c\u00c7n ti\u00d2n, l\u00b9i s\u00f6 d\u00f4ng c\u00b8i b\u00b6o b\u00e8i \u00ae\u00e9c quy\u00d2n ru\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00cat \u00ae\u00d3 t\u00a8ng thu\u00d5 \u00ae\u00b8nh v\u00b5o \u00ae\u00c7u n\u00abng d\u00a9n An Nam. Ngo\u00b5i vi\u00d6c b\u00de c\u2212\u00edp ru\u00e9ng v\u00b5 ch\u00deu c\u00b8c g\u00b8nh n\u00c6ng thu\u00d5 kh\u00e3a to l\u00edn v\u00b5 v\u00ab l\u00fd, ng\u2212\u00eai d\u00a9n An Nam c\u00dfn ph\u00b6i \u00aei phu m\u00c6t tr\u00cbn, tr\u00b6 thu\u00d5 th\u00a9n, thu\u00d5 mu\u00e8i, ph\u00b6i vay m\u2212\u00een c\u2212\u00ecng b\u00f8c v\u00b5 ch\u00deu c\u00b8c h\u00e9i h\u00cc b\u00bet bu\u00e9c v.v.. \u00eb Angi\u00aari, Tuynidi v\u00b5 Mar\u00e8c, ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca t\u2212 b\u00b6n Ph\u00b8p c\u00f2ng th\u00f9c hi\u00d6n ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch c\u2212\u00edp \u00aeo\u00b9t v\u00b5 b\u00e3c l\u00e9t nh\u2212 v\u00cby. Ng\u2212\u00eai ta \u00ae\u00b7 t\u00dech thu t\u00cat c\u00b6 ru\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00cat m\u00b5u m\u00ec c\u00b5y c\u00cay \u00ae\u2212\u00eec (coi l\u00b5 khu v\u00f9c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea) v\u00b5 \u00aeu\u00e6i d\u00a9n b\u00b6n x\u00f8 l\u00aan n\u00f3i ho\u00c6c c\u00b8c v\u00efng trung du. C\u00b8c c\u00abng ty \u00ae\u00c6c quy\u00d2n, nh\u00f7ng nh\u00b5 \u00ae\u00c7u c\u00ac t\u00ddch tr\u00f7, nh\u00f7ng nh\u00b5 ch\u00f8c tr\u00b8ch cao c\u00cap, t\u00cat c\u00b6 \u00ae\u00b7 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec ph\u00a9n \u00ae\u00c6t ra c\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea. B\u00bbng c\u00b8ch kinh doanh tr\u00f9c ti\u00d5p, gi\u00b8n ti\u00d5p, nh\u00b5 b\u00a8ng Tuynidi, ri\u00aang n\u00a8m 1914, \u00ae\u00b7 l\u00b7i 12.258.000 tri\u00d6u phr\u00a8ng trong khi ti\u00d2n v\u00e8n ch\u00d8 c\u00e3 25 tri\u00d6u. C\u00abng ty Ph\u00b8p Angi\u00aari \u00ae\u00b7 chi\u00d5m 324 ngh\u00d7n h\u00d0cta ru\u00e9ng c\u00b5y c\u00cay lo\u00b9i t\u00e8t, 50 ngh\u00d7n h\u00d0cta khai m\u00e1, ngo\u00b5i ra c\u00dfn c\u00e3 \u00ae\u00c6c quy\u00d2n m\u00e9t khu v\u00f9c 20 tri\u00d6u h\u00d0cta khai m\u00e1 kh\u00b8c. Th\u00f9c d\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p ti\u00d5n h\u00b5nh x\u00e3a b\u00e1 h\u00d7nh th\u00f8c s\u00eb h\u00f7u th\u00abn x\u00b7 thay th\u00d5 n\u00e3 b\u00bbng s\u00eb h\u00f7u c\u00b8 nh\u00a9n. Sau \u00ae\u00e3, x\u00e3a b\u00e1 c\u00b8ch chi\u00d5m h\u00f7u c\u00b8 nh\u00a9n v\u00b5 thay b\u00bbng c\u00b8c x\u00dd nghi\u00d6p \u00ae\u00c6c quy\u00d2n kh\u00e6ng l\u00e5. D\u00a9n \u00ae\u00dea ph\u2212\u00acng \u00ae\u00b7 b\u00de c\u2212\u00edp \u00aei 5 tri\u00d6u h\u00d0cta ru\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00cat. Trong v\u00dfng 15 n\u00a8m, ng\u2212\u00eai ta \u00ae\u00b7 c\u2212\u00edp c\u00f1a n\u00abng d\u00a9n Kabylia1) 192 ngh\u00d7n h\u00d0cta ru\u00e9ng. T\u00f5 n\u00a8m 1913, n\u00abng d\u00a9n Mar\u00e8c \u00ae\u00b7 m\u00cat b\u00d7nh qu\u00a9n m\u00e7i n\u00a8m l\u00b5 12 ngh\u00d7n h\u00d0cta. Di\u00d6n t\u00ddch b\u00d7nh qu\u00a9n n\u00b5y l\u00aan t\u00edi 14.540 h\u00d0cta khi n\u2212\u00edc Ph\u00b8p \u00ae\u00b7 th\u00beng trong \\\"cu\u00e9c chi\u00d5n tranh ch\u00ddnh ngh\u00dca\\\". Hi\u00d6n t\u00b9i, 1.070 ng\u2212\u00eai Ph\u00b8p \u00ae\u00b7 chi\u00d5m 100.000 h\u00d0cta ru\u00e9ng c\u00f1a Mar\u00e8c. N\u00e7i kh\u00e6 c\u00f9c c\u00f1a n\u00abng d\u00a9n b\u00b6n x\u00f8 th\u00cbt \u00ae\u00b8ng s\u00ee. Ngay gi\u00f7a m\u00efa g\u00c6t t\u00e8t, n\u00abng d\u00a9n ph\u00b6i tranh nhau v\u00edi ch\u00e3 \u00ae\u00d3 b\u00edi c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e8ng r\u00b8c. Xin _______________ 1) Kabylia: v\u00efng n\u00f3i cao \u00eb ph\u00dda b\u00bec Angi\u00aari (BT).","228 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP l\u2212u \u00fd, khi m\u00efa h\u00d5t, nh\u00f7ng th\u00a9n h\u00d7nh gi\u00ac x\u2212\u00acng c\u00f1a h\u00e4 l\u00b9i k\u00d0o l\u00aa tr\u00aan c\u00b8c... \u00ae\u2212\u00eang s\u00b8. \u00eb T\u00a9y v\u00b5 Trung Phi, t\u00d7nh c\u00b6nh n\u00abng d\u00a9n c\u00dfn \u00ae\u00e3i h\u00acn. Ng\u2212\u00eai ta xu\u00cat c\u00b6ng n\u00abng d\u00a9n v\u00b5 c\u2212\u00ecng b\u00f8c h\u00e4 l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c trong c\u00b8c c\u00abng ty \u00ae\u00c6c quy\u00d2n. B\u00aan c\u00b9nh h\u00d6 th\u00e8ng c\u2212\u00ecng b\u00f8c, ph\u00b6i k\u00d3 \u00ae\u00d5n h\u00d6 th\u00e8ng cai qu\u00b6n. C\u00b8ch th\u00f8c nh\u2212 sau: ng\u2212\u00eai ta t\u00e8ng giam ng\u2212\u00eai gi\u00b5, ph\u00f4 n\u00f7 v\u00b5 tr\u00ce em nh\u2212 nh\u00f7ng Geise1). H\u00e4 b\u00de qu\u00b6n th\u00f3c \u00eb Barakken, b\u00de ng\u2212\u00eec \u00ae\u00b7i, b\u00de l\u00b5m nh\u00f4c, l\u00b9i \u00ae\u00e3i kh\u00b8t v\u00b5 th\u00cbm ch\u00dd b\u00de gi\u00d5t. \u00eb nh\u00f7ng khu v\u00f9c nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh, ng\u2212\u00eai ta lu\u00abn lu\u00abn gi\u00f7 m\u00e9t s\u00e8 l\u2212\u00eeng Geise ph\u00ef h\u00eep v\u00edi s\u00e8 l\u2212\u00eeng c\u00abng nh\u00a9n \u00ae\u00d3 h\u00e4 ng\u00a8n c\u00b6n s\u00f9 ch\u00b9y tr\u00e8n. N\u00d5u ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00b6n x\u00f8 tr\u00e8n \u00ae\u2212\u00eec l\u00aan r\u00f5ng th\u00d7 l\u00b5ng x\u00e3m h\u00e4 s\u00cf b\u00de ti\u00aau h\u00f1y, nh\u00b5 h\u00e4 b\u00de \u00ae\u00e8t, ru\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00cat b\u00de b\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00dea. H\u00d6 th\u00e8ng t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c n\u00ab l\u00d6 n\u00b5y \u00ae\u00b7 l\u00b5m tan t\u00b8c c\u00b8c t\u00d8nh, \u00ae\u00b7 l\u00b5m m\u00cat t\u00ddnh d\u00a9n v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b7 g\u00a9y n\u00aan ch\u00d5t ch\u00e3c. C\u00c7n ph\u00b6i n\u00e3i th\u00aam l\u00b5 \u00eb m\u00e9t s\u00e8 thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea, nh\u2212 Ma\u00aeag\u00b8txca, R\u00aauyni\u00abng, Angi\u00aari, d\u00a9n b\u00b6n x\u00f8 ch\u00ddnh th\u00e8ng \u00ae\u00b7 b\u00de ch\u00d5t \u00ae\u00e3i. Ng\u2212\u00eai ta \u00ae\u00b7 thay th\u00d5 tr\u00e5ng ng\u00f2 c\u00e8c b\u00bbng c\u00b8c th\u00f8 c\u00a9y kh\u00b8c c\u00c7n thi\u00d5t cho n\u00d2n c\u00abng nghi\u00d6p Ph\u00b8p v\u00b5 c\u00e3 l\u00eei cho nh\u00f7ng ch\u00f1 \u00ae\u00e5n \u00aei\u00d2n. Nhi\u00d6m v\u00f4 c\u00f1a Qu\u00e8c t\u00d5 l\u00b5 ph\u00b6i t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c nh\u00f7ng n\u00abng d\u00a9n b\u00cat h\u00b9nh \u00ae\u00e3 l\u00b9i, l\u00b5 cung c\u00cap l\u00b7nh t\u00f4 cho h\u00e4, l\u00b5 ch\u00d8 ra cho h\u00e4 con \u00ae\u2212\u00eang c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng v\u00b5 con \u00ae\u2212\u00eang gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng. T\u00b9p ch\u00dd Th\u2212 t\u00ddn qu\u00e8c t\u00d5, ti\u00d5ng \u00a7\u00f8c, s\u00e8 96, tr.122. _______________ 1) C\u00e3 th\u00d3 l\u00b5 t\u00f5 Geibe t\u00f8c con d\u00aa (BT).","229 Ph\u00b8t bi\u00d3u t\u00b9i phi\u00aan h\u00e4p th\u00f8 b\u00b6y H\u00e9i ngh\u00de l\u00c7n th\u00f8 nh\u00cat Qu\u00e8c t\u00d5 N\u00abng d\u00a9n Th\u2212a c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd, T\u00cat c\u00b6 c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd \u00ae\u00d2u \u00ae\u00b7 n\u00e3i v\u00d2 t\u00d7nh h\u00d7nh c\u00f1a n\u00abng d\u00a9n trong \u00ae\u00cat n\u2212\u00edc c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd. T\u00abi s\u00cf kh\u00abng l\u00b5m tr\u00dfn b\u00e6n ph\u00cbn c\u00f1a t\u00abi n\u00d5u c\u00e3 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec quy\u00d2n \u00ae\u00d5n \u00ae\u00a9y v\u00edi c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd m\u00b5 t\u00abi l\u00b9i kh\u00abng n\u00e3i m\u00e9t \u00ae\u00abi l\u00eai v\u00d2 t\u00d7nh c\u00b6nh c\u00f1a n\u00abng d\u00a9n t\u00b9i \u00ae\u00cat n\u2212\u00edc t\u00abi. \u00a7\u00d3 minh ho\u00b9 v\u00edi c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd t\u00d7nh c\u00b6nh c\u00f1a n\u00abng d\u00a9n \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng, t\u00abi ph\u00b6i \u00ae\u2212a ra m\u00e9t s\u00f9 so s\u00b8nh: m\u00e9t b\u00aan l\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai n\u00abng d\u00a9n Nga v\u00b5 m\u00e9t b\u00aan n\u00f7a l\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai n\u00abng d\u00a9n \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng. N\u00abng d\u00a9n Nga gi\u00e8ng nh\u2212 m\u00e9t ng\u2212\u00eai ng\u00e5i ch\u00d4m ch\u00d6 trong chi\u00d5c gh\u00d5 b\u00b5nh, c\u00dfn n\u00abng d\u00a9n An Nam l\u00b9i gi\u00e8ng nh\u2212 m\u00e9t ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00de tr\u00e3i v\u00b5o m\u00e9t chi\u00d5c c\u00e9t, \u00ae\u00c7u ng\u2212\u00eec xu\u00e8ng \u00ae\u00cat. N\u00e3i th\u00d5 kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i l\u00b5 n\u00e3i ph\u00e3ng \u00ae\u00b9i \u00ae\u00a9u, sau \u00ae\u00a9y c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd s\u00cf th\u00cay r\u00e2. Khi c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd \u00aei qua H\u00e5ng tr\u2212\u00eang, c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd th\u00cay c\u00e3 kh\u00bec m\u00e9t d\u00dfng ch\u00f7 \\\"Nh\u00b5 th\u00ea l\u00b5 thu\u00e8c phi\u00d6n c\u00f1a th\u00d5 gi\u00edi\\\"; nh\u2212ng ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi, nh\u00ea n\u00d2n v\u00a8n minh ph\u2212\u00acng T\u00a9y m\u00b5 ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi c\u00e3 c\u00b6 nh\u00b5 th\u00ea l\u00c9n thu\u00e8c phi\u00d6n. V\u00d2 thu\u00e8c phi\u00d6n, t\u00abi s\u00cf xin ch\u00d8 k\u00d3 l\u00b9i v\u00edi c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd r\u00bbng m\u00e7i n\u00a8m ch\u00ddnh quy\u00d2n Ph\u00b8p \u00eb thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea \u00ae\u00b7 b\u00b8n cho d\u00a9n An Nam g\u00e5m 20 tri\u00d6u ng\u2212\u00eai, tr\u00aan 400 tri\u00d6u \u00ae\u00abla1) thu\u00e8c phi\u00d6n. V\u00b5 m\u00c6t kh\u00b8c, _______________ 1) S\u00e8 li\u00d6u n\u00b5y ch\u2212a \u00ae\u2212\u00eec ki\u00d3m tra l\u00b9i. Ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi d\u00dech \u00ae\u00f3ng theo b\u00b6n ti\u00d5ng Ph\u00b8p (BT).","230 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP ng\u2212\u00eai ta \u00ae\u00b7 t\u00ddnh ra r\u00bbng c\u00f8 1.000 ty b\u00b8n r\u2212\u00eeu v\u00b5 thu\u00e8c phi\u00d6n th\u00d7 kh\u00abng c\u00e3 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec l\u00cay 10 tr\u2212\u00eang h\u00e4c. \u00a7\u00cay l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng s\u00f9 th\u00cbt. B\u00a9y gi\u00ea, t\u00abi xin n\u00e3i v\u00ben t\u00bet v\u00edi c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd v\u00d2 chuy\u00d6n nh\u00b5 th\u00ea. T\u00abi \u00ae\u00b7 n\u00e3i v\u00edi c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd r\u00bbng nh\u00f7ng t\u00aan th\u00f9c d\u00a9n \u00ae\u00b7 t\u2212\u00edc \u00aeo\u00b9t ng\u2212\u00eai An Nam nh\u2212 th\u00d5 n\u00b5o. B\u00a9y gi\u00ea, t\u00abi xin n\u00e3i \u00ae\u00d3 c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd bi\u00d5t nh\u00b5 th\u00ea Kit\u00ab \u00ae\u00b7 t\u2212\u00edc \u00aeo\u00b9t n\u00abng d\u00a9n nh\u2212 th\u00d5 n\u00b5o. Trong cu\u00e9c x\u00a9m chi\u00d5m \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng th\u00d7 ch\u00ddnh nh\u00f7ng nh\u00b5 truy\u00d2n \u00ae\u00b9o Thi\u00aan ch\u00f3a \u00ae\u00b7 \u00aei do th\u00b8m \u00ae\u00d3 b\u00b8o cho \u00ae\u00e9i qu\u00a9n chi\u00d5m \u00ae\u00e3ng bi\u00d5t nh\u00f7ng k\u00d5 ho\u00b9ch ph\u00dfng th\u00f1 c\u00f1a n\u2212\u00edc ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi. C\u00f2ng ch\u00ddnh nh\u00f7ng nh\u00b5 truy\u00d2n \u00ae\u00b9o \u00ae\u00b7 d\u00c9n \u00ae\u2212\u00eang nh\u00f7ng \u00ae\u00e9i qu\u00a9n t\u00can c\u00abng, c\u00f2ng ch\u00ddnh l\u00b9i l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng nh\u00b5 truy\u00d2n \u00ae\u00b9o \u00ae\u00b7 l\u00eei d\u00f4ng t\u00d7nh tr\u00b9ng l\u00e9n x\u00e9n c\u00f1a \u00ae\u00cat n\u2212\u00edc \u00ae\u00d3 \u00a8n c\u00bep nh\u00f7ng v\u00a8n b\u00b6n ch\u00f8ng nh\u00cbn quy\u00d2n s\u00eb h\u00f7u ru\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00cat c\u00f1a ng\u2212\u00eai n\u00abng d\u00a9n n\u00b5y n\u00e4 hay c\u00f1a m\u00e9t l\u00b5ng n\u00b5o \u00ae\u00e3. Khi ho\u00b5 b\u00d7nh \u00ae\u2212\u00eec l\u00cbp l\u00b9i, n\u00abng d\u00a9n tr\u00eb v\u00d2 th\u00d7 t\u00cat c\u00b6 ru\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00cat \u00ae\u00d2u \u00ae\u00b7 b\u00de c\u00b8c nh\u00b5 truy\u00d2n \u00ae\u00b9o n\u00bem \u00ae\u2212\u00eec c\u00b8c v\u00a8n b\u00b6n n\u00e3i tr\u00aan, chi\u00d5m m\u00cat. Ch\u00ddnh b\u00bbng c\u00b8ch \u00ae\u00e3, m\u00b5 \u00eb Nam K\u00fa nh\u00f7ng nh\u00b5 truy\u00d2n \u00ae\u00b9o Thi\u00aan ch\u00f3a c\u00e3 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec tr\u00aan m\u00e9t ph\u00c7n t\u2212 nh\u00f7ng \u00ae\u00cat \u00aeai c\u00b5y c\u00cay \u00ae\u2212\u00eec. \u00eb Campuchia, c\u00b8c nh\u00b5 truy\u00d2n \u00ae\u00b9o n\u00bem tr\u00aan m\u00e9t ph\u00c7n ba ru\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00cat; \u00eb B\u00bec K\u00fa, ch\u00d8 ri\u00aang \u00eb th\u00f1 ph\u00f1, trong th\u00b5nh ph\u00e8 H\u00b5 N\u00e9i, c\u00b8c nh\u00b5 truy\u00d2n \u00ae\u00b9o c\u00e3 nh\u00f7ng b\u00cat \u00ae\u00e9ng s\u00b6n r\u00e9ng bao la. H\u00e4 c\u00e3 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec c\u00f1a c\u00b6i v\u00b5 chi\u00d5m h\u00f7u ru\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00cat c\u00f1a n\u00abng d\u00a9n kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i ch\u00d8 b\u00bbng c\u00b8ch \u00ae\u00e3. C\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd \u00ae\u00d2u bi\u00d5t r\u00bbng trong c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc ven bi\u00d3n, nh\u00cat l\u00b5 trong nh\u00f7ng n\u2212\u00edc \u00eb Vi\u00d4n \u00a7\u00abng, th\u2212\u00eang x\u00b6y ra gi\u00abng b\u00b7o v\u00b5 l\u00f4t l\u00e9i l\u00b5m cho m\u00efa m\u00b5ng th\u00cat b\u00b8t; c\u00b8c nh\u00b5 truy\u00d2n \u00ae\u00b9o l\u00eei d\u00f4ng nh\u00f7ng d\u00dep \u00ae\u00e3 \u00ae\u00d3 \u00f8ng tr\u2212\u00edc ti\u00d2n cho n\u00abng d\u00a9n v\u00edi nh\u00f7ng t\u00fb su\u00cat l\u00b7i r\u00cat n\u00c6ng v\u00b5 m\u00e9t th\u00eai h\u00b9n r\u00cat ng\u00ben. Bi\u00d5t r\u00e2 r\u00b5ng l\u00b5m nh\u2212 v\u00cby th\u00d7 n\u00abng d\u00a9n kh\u00abng bao gi\u00ea c\u00e3 th\u00d3 tr\u00b6 n\u00ee \u00ae\u2212\u00eec, n\u00aan c\u00b8c nh\u00b5 truy\u00d2n \u00ae\u00b9o \u00ae\u00dfi n\u00abng d\u00a9n ph\u00b6i \u00aeem ru\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00cat ra b\u00b6o \u00ae\u00b6m. Th\u00d5 l\u00b5 khi \u00ae\u00d5n th\u00eai h\u00b9n tr\u00b6 n\u00ee, th\u00d7 to\u00b5n b\u00e9 ru\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00cat c\u00f1a n\u00abng d\u00a9n \u00ae\u00d2u r\u00aci v\u00b5o tay c\u00b8c nh\u00b5 truy\u00d2n \u00ae\u00b9o. C\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd \u00ae\u00b7 th\u00cay b\u00e4n th\u00f9c d\u00a9n b\u00e3c l\u00e9t n\u00abng d\u00a9n nh\u2212 th\u00d5 n\u00b5o v\u00b5 c\u00b8c gi\u00b8o s\u00dc t\u2212\u00edc \u00aeo\u00b9t n\u00abng d\u00a9n nh\u2212 th\u00d5 n\u00b5o.","Ph\u00b8t bi\u00d3u t\u00b9i phi\u00aan h\u00e4p th\u00f8 b\u00b6y... 231 B\u00a9y gi\u00ea, c\u00dfn c\u00e3 nh\u00f7ng k\u00ce b\u00e3c l\u00e9t kh\u00b8c n\u00f7a, ch\u00bcng h\u00b9n nh\u2212 Nh\u00b5 n\u2212\u00edc. D\u00ef m\u00efa m\u00b5ng c\u00e3 x\u00cau \u00ae\u00d5n m\u00f8c n\u00b5o \u00aei n\u00f7a, n\u00abng d\u00a9n An Nam v\u00c9n c\u00f8 ph\u00b6i \u00ae\u00e3ng thu\u00d5; \u00ae\u00d3 \u00ae\u00e3ng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec thu\u00d5, n\u00abng d\u00a9n ph\u00b6i b\u00b8n m\u00efa m\u00b5ng c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh \u00aei; \u00ae\u00d3 kh\u00e1i b\u00de b\u00e1 t\u00ef (h\u00d4 \u00ae\u00e3ng thu\u00d5 ch\u00cbm l\u00b5 h\u00e4 b\u00de b\u00e1 t\u00ef), h\u00e4 ph\u00b6i b\u00b8n non m\u00efa m\u00b5ng c\u00f1a h\u00e4, ngh\u00dca l\u00b5 b\u00b8n tr\u2212\u00edc khi g\u00c6t; h\u00e4 b\u00b8n cho b\u00e4n l\u00b8i bu\u00abn theo c\u00b8ch \u2212\u00edc l\u2212\u00eeng b\u00bbng m\u00bet. B\u00bbng c\u00b8ch \u00ae\u00e3 b\u00e4n l\u00b8i bu\u00abn mua \u00ae\u2212\u00eec l\u00f3a tr\u2212\u00edc khi g\u00c6t b\u00bbng m\u00e9t gi\u00b8 r\u00cat r\u00ce v\u00b5 sau \u00ae\u00e3 \u00aeem b\u00b8n l\u00b9i r\u00cat \u00ae\u00bet. Nh\u2212 v\u00cby l\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai n\u00abng d\u00a9n An Nam kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i ch\u00d8 b\u00de tr\u00e3i v\u00b5o m\u00e9t chi\u00d5c c\u00e9t nh\u2212 t\u00abi \u00ae\u00b7 tr\u00d7nh b\u00b5y v\u00edi c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd, m\u00b5 h\u00e4 b\u00de \u00ae\u00e3ng \u00aeinh c\u00a9u r\u00f3t b\u00ebi b\u00e8n th\u00d5 l\u00f9c li\u00aan h\u00eep l\u00b5: Nh\u00b5 n\u2212\u00edc, t\u00aan th\u00f9c d\u00a9n, nh\u00b5 th\u00ea v\u00b5 t\u00aan l\u00b8i bu\u00abn. Ch\u00bec l\u00b5 c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd s\u00cf h\u00e1i r\u00bbng t\u00b9i sao n\u00abng d\u00a9n An Nam kh\u00abng t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c nhau l\u00b9i, kh\u00abng l\u00b5m nh\u2212 c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd l\u00b5 th\u00b5nh l\u00cbp h\u00eep t\u00b8c x\u00b7. Ch\u00d8 l\u00b5 v\u00d7 h\u00e4 kh\u00abng c\u00e3 th\u00d3 l\u00b5m nh\u2212 v\u00cby \u00ae\u2212\u00eec. T\u00abi ph\u00b6i n\u00e3i v\u00edi c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd r\u00bbng ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi b\u00de cai tr\u00de b\u00ebi m\u00e9t ch\u00d5 \u00ae\u00e9 n\u00ab l\u00d6. Ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi kh\u00abng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec quy\u00d2n xu\u00cat b\u00b6n b\u00b8o. Ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi kh\u00abng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec quy\u00d2n t\u00f9 do \u00aei l\u00b9i; ch\u00bcng h\u00b9n nh\u2212 ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi kh\u00abng th\u00d3 \u00aei t\u00f5 M\u00b8txc\u00acva \u00ae\u00d5n P\u00aat\u00acr\u00abgr\u00b8t \u00ae\u2212\u00eec, ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi ph\u00b6i xin \u00ae\u2212\u00eec m\u00e9t t\u00ea gi\u00cay th\u00abng h\u00b5nh, n\u00d5u kh\u00abng h\u00e4 s\u00cf b\u00bet gi\u00f7 v\u00b5 n\u00d0m ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi v\u00b5o t\u00ef. C\u00f2ng v\u00cby, ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi kh\u00abng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec quy\u00d2n h\u00e9i h\u00e4p ngh\u00dca l\u00b5 ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi kh\u00abng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec quy\u00d2n h\u00e4p v\u00edi nhau tr\u00aan 4 ho\u00c6c 5 ng\u2212\u00eai n\u00d5u kh\u00abng c\u00e3 m\u00e9t gi\u00cay ph\u00d0p \u00ae\u00c6c bi\u00d6t c\u00f1a c\u00ac quan cai tr\u00de Ph\u00b8p. T\u00abi c\u00f2ng xin nh\u00bec l\u00b9i r\u00bbng c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd \u00ae\u00b7 l\u00aan ti\u00d5ng ch\u00e8ng chi\u00d5n tranh, \u00ae\u00dfi ho\u00b5 b\u00d7nh; c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd \u00ae\u00b7 n\u00e3i \u00ae\u00d5n m\u00e9t ch\u00ddnh quy\u00d2n v\u00ab s\u00b6n v\u00b5 vi\u00d6c l\u00cbt \u00ae\u00e6 ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca t\u2212 b\u00b6n. Nh\u2212ng t\u00cat c\u00b6 nh\u00f7ng \u00aei\u00d2u c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd n\u00e3i \u00eb \u00ae\u00a9y s\u00cf tr\u00eb th\u00b5nh v\u00ab \u00ddch, n\u00d5u c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd qu\u00aan m\u00cat c\u00b8i y\u00d5u t\u00e8 qu\u00a9n phi\u00d6t th\u00f9c d\u00a9n. C\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd \u00ae\u00d2u bi\u00d5t nh\u00f7ng s\u00f9 ki\u00d6n. Trong chi\u00d5n tranh th\u00d5 gi\u00edi, ch\u00d8 ri\u00aang \u00eb n\u2212\u00edc Ph\u00b8p, ng\u2212\u00eai ta \u00ae\u00b7 \u00ae\u2212a t\u00f5 c\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea v\u00d2 g\u00c7n m\u00e9t tri\u00d6u ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00b6n x\u00f8 \u00ae\u00d3 tham gia chi\u00d5n tranh. Trong nh\u00f7ng n\u00a8m 1916-1917, ng\u2212\u00eai ta \u00ae\u00b7 ch\u00eb v\u00d2 2","232 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP t\u00fb t\u00can ng\u00f2 c\u00e8c1), trong khi nh\u00f7ng d\u00a9n b\u00b6n x\u00f8 \u00eb ch\u00a9u Phi v\u00b5 \u00eb \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng \u00aeang ch\u00d5t \u00ae\u00e3i. Th\u2212a c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd, \u00ae\u00d3 k\u00d5t th\u00f3c, t\u00abi ph\u00b6i nh\u00bec l\u00b9i v\u00edi c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd r\u00bbng Qu\u00e8c t\u00d5 c\u00f1a c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd ch\u00d8 tr\u00eb th\u00b5nh m\u00e9t qu\u00e8c t\u00d5 th\u00cbt s\u00f9 khi m\u00b5 kh\u00abng nh\u00f7ng n\u00abng d\u00a9n ph\u2212\u00acng T\u00a9y, m\u00b5 c\u00b6 n\u00abng d\u00a9n \u00eb ph\u2212\u00acng \u00a7\u00abng, nh\u00cat l\u00b5 n\u00abng d\u00a9n \u00eb c\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00de b\u00e3c l\u00e9t v\u00b5 b\u00de \u00b8p b\u00f8c nhi\u00d2u h\u00acn c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd, \u00ae\u00d2u tham gia Qu\u00e8c t\u00d5 c\u00f1a c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd (v\u00e7 tay). Ph\u00b8t bi\u00d3u chi\u00d2u 13-10-1923. T\u00b5i li\u00d6u ti\u00d5ng Ph\u00b8p, b\u00b6n ch\u00f4p l\u2212u t\u00b9i C\u00f4c L\u2212u tr\u00f7 V\u00a8n ph\u00dfng Trung \u2212\u00acng \u00a7\u00b6ng. _______________ 1) S\u00e8 li\u00d6u n\u00b5y ch\u2212a \u00ae\u2212\u00eec ki\u00d3m tra l\u00b9i. Ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi d\u00dech \u00ae\u00f3ng theo b\u00b6n ti\u00d5ng Ph\u00b8p (BT).","233 \\\"Ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch th\u00f9c d\u00a9n\\\" Anh Ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca t\u2212 b\u00b6n Anh, tuy th\u00ccm mu\u00e8n c\u00f1a c\u00b6i v\u00ab t\u00cbn c\u00f1a Trung Qu\u00e8c, nh\u2212ng v\u00d7 t\u00f5 tr\u2212\u00edc \u00ae\u00d5n gi\u00ea, v\u00c9n \u00ae\u00b5nh ch\u00d8 chi\u00d5m H\u2212\u00acng C\u00b6ng37 l\u00b5m thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea v\u00b5 th\u00f9c hi\u00d6n tr\u00aan n\u00e9i \u00ae\u00dea Trung Qu\u00e8c ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch m\u00eb c\u00f6a, m\u00e9t ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch gi\u00f3p cho h\u00e4 c\u00e3 th\u00d3 b\u00e3c l\u00e9t \u00ae\u00cat n\u2212\u00edc n\u00b5y m\u00b5 kh\u00abng l\u00b5m cho nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n n\u00e6i d\u00cby. Ng\u00b5y nay, \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi h\u00e4 nh\u2212 th\u00d5 kh\u00abng \u00ae\u00f1 n\u00f7a. H\u00e4 mu\u00e8n l\u00b5m h\u00acn th\u00d5 n\u00f7a kia: h\u00e4 mu\u00e8n chi\u00d5m c\u00b6 Trung Qu\u00e8c l\u00b5m thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea. L\u00eei d\u00f4ng chuy\u00d6n r\u00bec r\u00e8i \u00eb L\u00a9m Th\u00b5nh38, v\u00b5 vin c\u00ed b\u00b6o \u00ae\u00b6m an ninh cho \u00ae\u00e5ng b\u00b5o c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh, \u00ae\u00b9i s\u00f8 Anh \u00eb B\u00bec Kinh v\u00f5a m\u00edi ti\u00d5n h\u00b5nh giai \u00aeo\u00b9n \u00ae\u00c7u ti\u00aan c\u00f1a ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch th\u00f9c d\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e3. \u00a4ng ta b\u00bet \u00ae\u00c7u t\u00f5 \u00ae\u2212\u00eang s\u00bet. \u00a7\u00a9y l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng \u00aei\u00d2u \u00abng ta \u00ae\u00d2 ngh\u00de v\u00edi Trung Qu\u00e8c: 1. T\u00cat c\u00b6 nh\u00f7ng con \u00ae\u2212\u00eang x\u00a9y d\u00f9ng b\u00bbng v\u00e8n c\u00f1a Anh, ho\u00c6c v\u00cbt li\u00d6u mua c\u00f1a Anh m\u00b5 hi\u00d6n nay ch\u2212a tr\u00b6 h\u00d5t, \u00ae\u00d2u s\u00cf \u00ae\u00c6t d\u2212\u00edi s\u00f9 ki\u00d3m so\u00b8t c\u00f1a Anh; 2. \u00a7\u00cat \u00aeai v\u00efng l\u00a9n c\u00cbn nh\u00f7ng con \u00ae\u2212\u00eang \u00ae\u00e3 c\u00f2ng \u00ae\u00d2u s\u00cf thu\u00e9c ph\u00b9m vi ki\u00d3m so\u00b8t \u00cay; 3. Ngo\u00b5i ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch \u00ae\u2212\u00eang s\u00bet ra, n\u2212\u00edc Anh c\u00dfn c\u00e3 quy\u00d2n can thi\u00d6p v\u00b5o ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch \u00ae\u00e8i n\u00e9i c\u00f1a Trung Qu\u00e8c; 4. Trong tr\u2212\u00eang h\u00eep x\u00b6y ra nh\u00f7ng v\u00f4 xung \u00ae\u00e9t v\u00f2 trang gi\u00f7a c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00b6ng ph\u00b8i ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de Trung Qu\u00e8c, ng\u2212\u00eai Anh c\u00e3 quy\u00d2n \u00ae\u00e5ng \u00fd hay t\u00f5 ch\u00e8i cho \u00ae\u00b6ng ph\u00b8i n\u00b5y hay \u00ae\u00b6ng ph\u00b8i n\u00e4 s\u00f6 d\u00f4ng nh\u00f7ng con \u00ae\u2212\u00eang \u00cay;","234 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP 5. \u00a6u ti\u00aan \u00ae\u2212\u00eec tr\u00b6 d\u00c7n nh\u00f7ng s\u00e8 ti\u00d2n vay m\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai Anh \u00ae\u00b7 b\u00e1 ra b\u00bbng c\u00b8ch \u00ae\u2212\u00eec s\u00f6 d\u00f4ng nh\u00f7ng s\u00e8 thu nh\u00cbp c\u00f1a ng\u00b5nh \u00ae\u2212\u00eang s\u00bet. Ngo\u00b5i ra \u00abng ta c\u00dfn y\u00aau c\u00c7u: a) \u00a7\u00c6t t\u00b9i B\u00e9 Giao th\u00abng \u00eb B\u00bec Kinh m\u00e9t ph\u00dfng ki\u00d3m so\u00b8t ng\u00b5nh \u00ae\u2212\u00eang s\u00bet, tr\u2212\u00ebng ph\u00dfng l\u00b5 m\u00e9t nh\u00a9n vi\u00aan ng\u2212\u00eai ngo\u00b9i qu\u00e8c (n\u00aan hi\u00d3u: m\u00e9t nh\u00a9n vi\u00aan Anh) c\u00e3 to\u00b5n quy\u00d2n \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi t\u00cat c\u00b6 m\u00e4i ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng c\u00f1a ng\u00b5nh \u00ae\u2212\u00eang s\u00bet tr\u00aan to\u00b5n c\u00e2i Trung Qu\u00e8c; b) Vi\u00d6c qu\u00b6n tr\u00de ng\u00b5nh \u00ae\u2212\u00eang s\u00bet c\u00f2ng ph\u00b6i giao cho c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00b9i di\u00d6n n\u2212\u00edc ngo\u00b5i; c) T\u00e6 ch\u00f8c m\u00e9t \u00ae\u00e9i tu\u00c7n tra ng\u00b5nh \u00ae\u2212\u00eang s\u00bet d\u2212\u00edi s\u00f9 ch\u00d8 huy c\u00f1a c\u00b8c s\u00dc quan n\u2212\u00edc ngo\u00b5i; d) C\u00b8c ch\u00f8c v\u00f4 k\u00d5 to\u00b8n v\u00b5 qu\u00b6n tr\u00de ng\u00b5nh \u00ae\u2212\u00eang s\u00bet \u00ae\u00d2u ph\u00b6i do ng\u2212\u00eai n\u2212\u00edc ngo\u00b5i \u00ae\u00b6m nhi\u00d6m. Ng\u2212\u00eai Anh \u00ae\u00b7 n\u00bem \u00ae\u2212\u00eec thu\u00d5 mu\u00e8i v\u00b5 thu\u00d5 quan Trung Qu\u00e8c, b\u00a9y gi\u00ea h\u00e4 l\u00b9i mu\u00e8n chi\u00d5m l\u00cay \u00ae\u2212\u00eang s\u00bet. Khi ng\u2212\u00eai ta bi\u00d5t r\u00bbng tr\u00f5 nh\u00f7ng con \u00ae\u2212\u00eang Nam M\u00b7n Ch\u00a9u, B\u00bec Kinh - H\u00b8n Kh\u00c8u v\u00b5 L\u00f2ng H\u00b6i ra, - t\u00cat c\u00b6 nh\u00f7ng con \u00ae\u2212\u00eang kh\u00b8c \u00ae\u00d2u \u00ae\u00b7 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec x\u00a9y d\u00f9ng ho\u00c6c b\u00bbng v\u00e8n c\u00f1a Anh, ho\u00c6c b\u00bbng v\u00cbt li\u00d6u mua ch\u00deu c\u00f1a c\u00b8c h\u00b7ng bu\u00abn Anh, ng\u2212\u00eai ta s\u00cf hi\u00d3u r\u00bbng k\u00d5 ho\u00b9ch \u00ae\u00e3 n\u00d5u \u00ae\u2212\u00eec th\u00f9c hi\u00d6n, th\u00d7 s\u00cf l\u00b5m thi\u00d6t h\u00b9i cho Trung Qu\u00e8c nh\u2212 th\u00d5 n\u00b5o. T\u00cat c\u00b6 m\u00e4i ng\u2212\u00eai Trung Qu\u00e8c, kh\u00abng ph\u00a9n bi\u00d6t ch\u00ddnh ki\u00d5n, \u00ae\u00d2u ph\u00b6n \u00ae\u00e8i ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch th\u00f9c d\u00a9n tr\u00b8 h\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00e3. H\u00e9i li\u00aan hi\u00d6p sinh vi\u00aan B\u00bec Kinh \u00ae\u00b7 l\u00aan ti\u00d5ng k\u00aau g\u00e4i giai c\u00cap c\u00abng nh\u00a9n t\u00cat c\u00b6 c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc h\u00b7y d\u00efng \u00b6nh h\u2212\u00ebng c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00d3 ng\u00a8n ch\u00c6n h\u00b5nh \u00ae\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00e3, vi ph\u00b9m t\u00edi n\u00d2n \u00ae\u00e9c l\u00cbp c\u00f1a nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n Trung Qu\u00e8c. Mong r\u00bbng, tr\u2212\u00edc s\u00f9 \u00aee d\u00e4a c\u00f1a ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca t\u2212 b\u00b6n Anh, nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai con c\u00f1a Trung Qu\u00e8c s\u00cf bi\u00d5t \u00aeo\u00b5n k\u00d5t v\u00edi nhau \u00ae\u00d3 ph\u00b6n kh\u00b8ng th\u00beng l\u00eei. Nguy\u00d4n \u00b8i Qu\u00e8c B\u00b8o La Vie Ouvri\u00ccre, ng\u00b5y 9-11-1923.","235 Phong tr\u00b5o c\u00abng nh\u00a9n Theo nh\u00f7ng s\u00e8 li\u00d6u th\u00e8ng k\u00aa cu\u00e8i c\u00efng th\u00d7 s\u00e8 l\u2212\u00eeng nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai v\u00ab s\u00b6n \u00eb Trung Qu\u00e8c l\u00b5 5.050 ngh\u00d7n ng\u2212\u00eai. G\u00c7n 15 t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c th\u00e8ng nh\u00cat giai c\u00cap v\u00ab s\u00b6n \u00eb Trung Qu\u00e8c, t\u00ddnh ra kho\u00b6ng 300 ngh\u00d7n \u00aeo\u00b5n vi\u00aan. H\u00e4 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec ph\u00a9n b\u00e8 nh\u2212 sau: S\u00e8 l\u2212\u00eeng \u00a7o\u00b5n vi\u00aan c\u00abng nh\u00a9n (ngh\u00d7n) c\u00abng \u00aeo\u00b5n (ngh\u00d7n) Ng\u00b5nh c\u00abng nghi\u00d6p \u00aei\u00d6n 100 5 Nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai ph\u00f4c v\u00f4 Ng\u00b5nh c\u00abng nghi\u00d6p m\u00b8y kh\u00a9u 400 8 C\u00abng nh\u00a9n x\u00a9y d\u00f9ng Ng\u00b5nh l\u00b5m mu\u00e8i 300 7 Ngh\u00d2 k\u00d0o xe Ng\u00b5nh in 300 8 Ng\u00b5nh d\u00d6t Ng\u00b5nh l\u00b5m m\u00f2 300 10 Ng\u00b5nh c\u00abng nghi\u00d6p thu\u00e8c l\u00b8 Ng\u00b5nh \u00ae\u00b5o \u00ae\u00cat (th\u00ee \u00ae\u00cau) 200 10 Ng\u00b5nh m\u00e1 Ng\u00b5nh \u00ae\u2212\u00eang s\u00bet 80 10 Ng\u00b5nh giao th\u00abng \u00ae\u2212\u00eang bi\u00d3n Ng\u00b5nh c\u00abng nghi\u00d6p luy\u00d6n kim 180 10 C\u00b8c ng\u00b5nh kh\u00b8c 200 14 100 18 800 30 420 26 100 42 80 45 200 50 -7","236 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP Trong c\u00b8c y\u00aau s\u00b8ch c\u00f1a giai c\u00cap v\u00ab s\u00b6n c\u00e3 t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c c\u00f1a Trung Qu\u00e8c, ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi th\u00cay c\u00e3 nh\u00f7ng \u00aei\u00d3m sau \u00ae\u00a9y: 1. T\u00f9 do h\u00e9i h\u00e4p. 2. Quy\u00d2n t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c c\u00b8c c\u00abng \u00aeo\u00b5n v\u00b5 c\u00b8c cu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00d7nh c\u00abng. 3. Ng\u00b5y lao \u00ae\u00e9ng 8 gi\u00ea cho ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00edn v\u00b5 6 gi\u00ea cho thi\u00d5u ni\u00aan v\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c n\u00c6ng. 4. B\u00b6o v\u00d6 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai ti\u00d3u n\u00abng. 5. C\u00cam l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c qu\u00b8 gi\u00ea trong nh\u00f7ng x\u00dd nghi\u00d6p \u00ae\u00e9c h\u00b9i v\u00b5 c\u00cam s\u00f6 d\u00f4ng lao \u00ae\u00e9ng tr\u00ce em v\u00b5 ph\u00f4 n\u00f7 v\u00b5o vi\u00d6c l\u00b5m ban \u00ae\u00aam. 6. H\u00bbng n\u00a8m c\u00abng nh\u00a9n \u00ae\u2212\u00eec ngh\u00d8 hai tu\u00c7n, \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi ph\u00f4 n\u00f7 l\u00b5m c\u00abng vi\u00d6c n\u00c6ng nh\u00e4c th\u00d7 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec ngh\u00d8 8 tu\u00c7n tr\u2212\u00edc khi \u00ae\u00ce v\u00b5 8 tu\u00c7n sau khi \u00ae\u00ce; 6 tu\u00c7n ngh\u00d8 \u00ae\u00ce \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi ph\u00f4 n\u00f7 l\u00b5m c\u00abng ch\u00f8c v\u00b5 l\u00b5m c\u00b8c c\u00abng vi\u00d6c nh\u00d1. 7. Ban ki\u00d3m tra c\u00f1a c\u00abng nh\u00a9n. 8. Lu\u00cbt b\u00b6o hi\u00d3m \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi c\u00abng nh\u00a9n. 9. Nh\u00b5 n\u2212\u00edc c\u00e3 tr\u00b8ch nhi\u00d6m gi\u00f3p \u00ae\u00ec c\u00b8c t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c c\u00abng nh\u00a9n c\u00f1a nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai lao \u00ae\u00e9ng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec h\u00e4c h\u00b5nh. Ch\u00d8 sau khi chi\u00d5n tranh th\u00d5 gi\u00edi k\u00d5t th\u00f3c, giai c\u00cap v\u00ab s\u00b6n Trung Qu\u00e8c m\u00edi b\u00bet \u00ae\u00c7u \u00ae\u2212\u00eec t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c m\u00e9t c\u00b8ch ch\u00c6t ch\u00cf, song h\u00e4 \u00ae\u00b7 thu \u00ae\u2212\u00eec m\u00e9t s\u00e8 th\u00beng l\u00eei to l\u00edn trong c\u00b8c cu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00d7nh c\u00abng. M\u00c6c d\u00ef b\u00de b\u00e4n qu\u00a9n phi\u00d6t \u00ae\u00b5n \u00b8p v\u00b5 b\u00e4n th\u00e8ng tr\u00de ngo\u00b9i lai c\u00b6n tr\u00eb, c\u00b8c t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c c\u00f1a h\u00e4 v\u00c9n ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n b\u00d7nh th\u2212\u00eang v\u00b5 c\u00e3 th\u00d3 n\u00e3i l\u00b5 nhanh n\u00f7a. Hi\u00d6n nay, nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai thu\u00fb th\u00f1, c\u00abng nh\u00a9n luy\u00d6n kim, c\u00abng nh\u00a9n \u00ae\u2212\u00eang s\u00bet l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng l\u00f9c l\u2212\u00eeng th\u00cbt s\u00f9 m\u00b5 b\u00e4n t\u2212 b\u00b6n bu\u00e9c ph\u00b6i coi tr\u00e4ng. Nguy\u00d4n \u00b8i Qu\u00e8c B\u00b8o La Vie Ouvri\u00ccre, ng\u00b5y 9-11-1923. In trong s\u00b8ch H\u00e5 Ch\u00dd Minh: Nh\u00f7ng b\u00b5i vi\u00d5t v\u00b5 n\u00e3i ch\u00e4n l\u00e4c, ti\u00d5ng Nga, Nxb. Ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de qu\u00e8c gia, M\u00b8txc\u00acva, 1959, tr. 71-72.","237 Nh\u00cbt B\u00b6n HO\u00b9T \u00a7\u00e9NG C\u00b8CH M\u00b9NG Nh\u00f7ng bi\u00d5n c\u00e8 g\u00c7n \u00ae\u00a9y \u00ae\u00b7 l\u00b5m cho c\u00b6 th\u00d5 gi\u00edi ch\u00f3 \u00fd \u00ae\u00d5n Nh\u00cbt B\u00b6n. Ng\u2212\u00eai ta n\u00e3i nhi\u00d2u v\u00d2 s\u00f8c m\u00b9nh c\u00abng nghi\u00d6p c\u00f1a Nh\u00cbt, v\u00d2 vi\u00d6c ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n kinh t\u00d5 tr\u2212\u00edc kia v\u00b5 sau n\u00b5y c\u00f1a n\u00e3. M\u00e4i ng\u2212\u00eai bi\u00d5t r\u00bbng ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca t\u2212 b\u00b6n Nh\u00cbt \u00ae\u00b9t \u00ae\u2212\u00eec m\u00f8c ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n nh\u2212 v\u00cby trong v\u00dfng 20-25 n\u00a8m; \u00ae\u00d3 \u00ae\u00b9t \u00ae\u2212\u00eec m\u00f8c ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n \u00cay, c\u00b8c b\u00b9n \u00ae\u00e5ng nghi\u00d6p c\u00f1a n\u2212\u00edc Nh\u00cbt \u00eb ph\u2212\u00acng T\u00a9y \u00ae\u00b7 m\u00cat t\u00edi tr\u00aan 100 n\u00a8m. C\u00efng v\u00edi s\u00f9 ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n c\u00f1a ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca t\u2212 b\u00b6n \u00eb Nh\u00cbt, c\u00b8c t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c c\u00abng nh\u00a9n c\u00f2ng ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n v\u00edi nh\u00f7ng nh\u00dep \u00ae\u00e9 nhanh ch\u00e3ng. B\u00aan c\u00b9nh phong tr\u00b5o v\u00ab s\u00b6n, c\u00b8c phong tr\u00b5o kh\u00b8c c\u00e3 t\u00ddnh ch\u00cat c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng c\u00f2ng lan r\u00e9ng. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 phong tr\u00b5o Eta. \u00eb \u00ae\u00d5 qu\u00e8c M\u00c6t tr\u00eai m\u00e4c c\u00e3 m\u00e9t lo\u00b9i d\u00a9n n\u00e6i ti\u00d5ng d\u2212\u00edi c\u00b8i t\u00aan Eta. V\u00d2 b\u00d2 ngo\u00b5i th\u00d7 Eta kh\u00abng kh\u00b8c g\u00d7 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai Nh\u00cbt kh\u00b8c. Nh\u2212ng c\u00e3 m\u00e9t c\u00a9u chuy\u00d6n hoang \u00ae\u2212\u00eang l\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai Eta xu\u00cat th\u00a9n t\u00f5 nh\u00f7ng b\u00e9 l\u00b9c n\u00ab l\u00d6 x\u2212a kia t\u00f5 n\u2212\u00edc ngo\u00b5i k\u00d0o v\u00b5o. V\u00d7 v\u00cby, cho n\u00aan hi\u00d6n nay ng\u2212\u00eai ta l\u00b9i \u00ae\u00e8i x\u00f6 v\u00edi h\u00e4 gi\u00e8ng nh\u2212 \u00ae\u00e8i x\u00f6 v\u00edi t\u00e6 ti\u00aan h\u00e4. H\u00e4 bu\u00e9c ph\u00b6i s\u00e8ng trong nh\u00f7ng v\u00efng d\u00b5nh ri\u00aang cho h\u00e4, n\u00aci m\u00b5 kh\u00abng bao gi\u00ea ng\u2212\u00eai Nh\u00cbt \u00ae\u2212\u00eec lui t\u00edi. H\u00e4 kh\u00abng c\u00e3 quy\u00d2n giao thi\u00d6p v\u00edi nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n Nh\u00cbt. H\u00e4 ch\u00d8 c\u00e3 quy\u00d2n quan h\u00d6 v\u00edi ng\u2212\u00eai Nh\u00cbt v\u00edi t\u2212 c\u00b8ch l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai h\u00c7u h\u00b9. H\u00e4 nh\u00cbn l\u00b5m nh\u00f7ng c\u00abng vi\u00d6c n\u00c6ng nh\u00e4c v\u00b5 b\u00c8n th\u00d8u nh\u00cat. B\u00c8n th\u00d8u, th\u00cap h\u00ccn - \u00ae\u00e3 l\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai Eta. Ng\u2212\u00eai Nh\u00cbt","238 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP kh\u00abng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec l\u00cay ph\u00f4 n\u00f7 ng\u2212\u00eai Eta. N\u00e3i t\u00e3m l\u00b9i l\u00b5 h\u00e4 kh\u00abng c\u00e3 m\u00e9t ch\u00f3t quy\u00d2n h\u00b9n x\u00b7 h\u00e9i g\u00d7, v\u00b5 s\u00e8 ph\u00cbn c\u00f1a h\u00e4 l\u00b5m cho ng\u2212\u00eai ta nh\u00ed \u00ae\u00d5n s\u00e8 ph\u00cbn c\u00f1a nh\u00f7ng \u00ae\u00b8m ng\u2212\u00eai \\\"Su\u00aera\\\" \u00eb \u00can \u00a7\u00e9 hay nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai da \u00aeen \u00eb ch\u00a9u Phi. Ng\u2212\u00eai Eta c\u00e3 3 tri\u00d6u ng\u2212\u00eai. Do \u00b6nh h\u2212\u00ebng c\u00f1a nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai v\u00ab s\u00b6n \u00ae\u00b7 gi\u00b8c ng\u00e9, nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai Eta b\u00bet \u00ae\u00c7u \u00ae\u2212\u00eec th\u00f8c t\u00d8nh v\u00b5 c\u00e3 t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c. H\u00e4 th\u00b5nh l\u00cbp m\u00e9t h\u00e9i l\u00cay t\u00aan l\u00b5 \\\"Xuikh\u00a9y\\\" (\\\"B\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00bcng\\\"). M\u00e4i ng\u2212\u00eai nhi\u00d6t t\u00d7nh xin v\u00b5o h\u00e9i v\u00b5 n\u00a8m ngo\u00b8i h\u00e9i ngh\u00de to\u00b5n qu\u00e8c \u00ae\u00c7u ti\u00aan c\u00f1a h\u00e9i n\u00b5y \u00ae\u2212\u00eec tri\u00d6u t\u00cbp. C\u00e3 2.500 \u00ae\u00b9i bi\u00d3u t\u00f5 kh\u00bep n\u00aci trong n\u2212\u00edc v\u00d2 d\u00f9 h\u00e9i ngh\u00de. H\u00e9i ngh\u00de \u00ae\u00b7 n\u00aau kh\u00c8u hi\u00d6u: \\\"Ho\u00b5n to\u00b5n b\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00bcng\\\". Ph\u2212\u00acng ch\u00a9m c\u00f1a h\u00e9i ngh\u00de: \\\"Vi\u00d6c gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng Eta l\u00b5 s\u00f9 nghi\u00d6p c\u00f1a ch\u00ddnh ng\u2212\u00eai Eta\\\". Nh\u00f7ng t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c t\u00f9 do v\u00b5 c\u00f1a Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 lo l\u00beng tr\u2212\u00edc vi\u00d6c xu\u00cat hi\u00d6n m\u00e9t l\u00f9c l\u2212\u00eeng m\u00edi n\u00aan \u00ae\u00denh n\u00bem l\u00cay n\u00e3 d\u2212\u00edi s\u00f9 b\u00b6o h\u00e9 c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh. Nh\u2212ng h\u00e4 \u00ae\u00b7 kh\u00abng th\u00b5nh c\u00abng. Trong khi t\u00cat c\u00b6 c\u00b8c c\u00b8nh c\u00f6a \u00ae\u00d2u \u00ae\u00e3ng ch\u00c6t tr\u2212\u00edc m\u00bet h\u00e4, th\u00d7 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00abng nh\u00a9n Eta l\u00b9i \u00ae\u2212\u00eec nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00abng nh\u00a9n Nh\u00cbt c\u00e3 t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c \u00ae\u00e3n ti\u00d5p m\u00e9t c\u00b8ch h\u00d5t s\u00f8c th\u00a9n t\u00d7nh d\u00f9a tr\u00aan s\u00f9 b\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00bcng ho\u00b5n to\u00b5n. H\u00e4 \u00ae\u00b7 hi\u00d3u r\u00e2 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec s\u00f9 \u00ae\u00e3n ti\u00d5p \u00ae\u00e3. V\u00d7 v\u00cby ng\u00b5y nay, khi t\u00f5 ch\u00e8i m\u00e4i s\u00f9 quan t\u00a9m gi\u00f3p \u00ae\u00ec c\u00f1a nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai t\u00f9 do v\u00b5 c\u00f1a Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1, nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai Eta th\u00f9c hi\u00d6n s\u00f9 nghi\u00d6p chung c\u00efng v\u00edi giai c\u00cap c\u00abng nh\u00a9n Nh\u00cbt B\u00b6n. Phong tr\u00b5o l\u00f3c \u00ae\u00c7u v\u00edi t\u2212 c\u00b8ch l\u00b5 cu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00cau tranh c\u00f1a l\u00edp ng\u2212\u00eai ri\u00aang l\u00ce th\u00d7 hi\u00d6n nay \u00ae\u00b7 tr\u00eb th\u00b5nh cu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00cau tranh giai c\u00cap. Tr\u2212\u00edc khi khai m\u00b9c \u00ae\u00b9i h\u00e9i trong n\u00a8m nay, nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai Eta \u00ae\u00b7 ra m\u00e9t b\u00b6n k\u00aau g\u00e4i \\\"G\u00f6i t\u00cat c\u00b6 nh\u00f7ng d\u00a9n t\u00e9c \u00ddt ng\u2212\u00eai, t\u00cat c\u00b6 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai lao \u00ae\u00e9ng - n\u00b9n nh\u00a9n c\u00f1a t\u2212 b\u00b6n th\u00d5 gi\u00edi v\u00b5 ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca \u00ae\u00d5 qu\u00e8c\\\". Trong l\u00eai k\u00aau g\u00e4i c\u00e3 n\u00e3i v\u00d2 nh\u00f7ng n\u00e7i \u00aeau kh\u00e6 \u00ae\u00b7 tr\u00b6i qua v\u00b5 v\u00d2 s\u00f9 vi\u00d3n v\u00abng c\u00f1a nh\u00f7ng c\u00b6i c\u00b8ch m\u00b5 Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 \u00ae\u00b7 \u00ae\u2212a ra, c\u00e3 nh\u00can m\u00b9nh vi\u00d6c \\\"nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai Eta s\u00bdn s\u00b5ng s\u00b8t c\u00b8nh c\u00efng giai c\u00cap c\u00abng nh\u00a9n Nh\u00cbt l\u00b5m c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng x\u00b7 h\u00e9i v\u00b5 gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng t\u00cat c\u00b6 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00de b\u00e3c l\u00e9t\\\". Trong c\u2212\u00acng l\u00dcnh h\u00b5nh \u00ae\u00e9ng c\u00f1a h\u00e4 c\u00e3 nh\u00f7ng \u00aei\u00d3m \u00ae\u00c6c tr\u2212ng ch\u00f8ng t\u00e1 H\u00e9i c\u00e3 ngh\u00de l\u00f9c v\u00b5 t\u00ddnh ki\u00aan quy\u00d5t:","Nh\u00cbt b\u00b6n 239 A. T\u00f5 ch\u00e8i s\u00f9 gi\u00f3p \u00ae\u00ec t\u00f5 thi\u00d6n trong \u00ae\u00e3 c\u00e3 s\u00f9 gi\u00f3p \u00ae\u00ec c\u00f1a Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1. B. \u00a7\u00b5o t\u00b9o c\u00b8n b\u00e9 cho nh\u00f7ng ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng t\u00ddch c\u00f9c. C. Th\u00b5nh l\u00cbp c\u00b8c c\u00abng \u00aeo\u00b5n c\u00f1a n\u00abng d\u00a9n. D. Th\u00b5nh l\u00cbp c\u00b8c chi b\u00e9 c\u00f1a H\u00e9i cho ph\u00f4 n\u00f7 v\u00b5 thanh ni\u00aan. E. Th\u00b5nh l\u00cbp c\u00b8c th\u2212 vi\u00d6n, b\u00b8o ch\u00dd v\u00b5 c\u00b8c c\u00ac quan b\u00b8o ch\u00dd kh\u00b8c \u00ae\u00d3 ph\u00e6 bi\u00d5n gi\u00b8o d\u00f4c v\u00b5 tuy\u00aan truy\u00d2n t\u2212 t\u2212\u00ebng b\u00b6o v\u00d6 quy\u00d2n l\u00eei c\u00f1a nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai Eta. G. \u00a7\u00dfi t\u00f9 do ho\u00b5n to\u00b5n v\u00d2 ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de v\u00b5 kinh t\u00d5 cho nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai Eta. B\u00a9y gi\u00ea ch\u00f3ng ta chuy\u00d3n sang m\u00e9t l\u00f9c l\u2212\u00eeng c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng kh\u00b8c - n\u00abng d\u00a9n Nh\u00cbt. C\u00a4NG NH\u00a2N N\u00a4NG NGHI\u00d6P Khi n\u00e3i v\u00d2 c\u00abng nh\u00a9n n\u00abng nghi\u00d6p \u00eb Nh\u00cbt B\u00b6n th\u00d7 c\u00c7n ph\u00b6i nghi\u00aan c\u00f8u c\u00b8c t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c c\u00abng nh\u00a9n n\u00abng nghi\u00d6p \u00eb ph\u2212\u00acng T\u00a9y \u00ae\u00d3 so s\u00b8nh. \u00eb ch\u00a9u \u00a2u c\u00e3 1.517.000 c\u00abng nh\u00a9n n\u00abng nghi\u00d6p c\u00e3 t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c, trong \u00ae\u00e3 919.000 ng\u2212\u00eai tham gia Qu\u00e8c t\u00d5 Amxt\u00d0c\u00aeam39 v\u00b5 598.000 ng\u2212\u00eai tham gia Qu\u00e8c t\u00d5 \u00ae\u00e1 c\u00f1a c\u00b8c c\u00abng \u00aeo\u00b5n40. \u00eb n\u2212\u00edc Nga c\u00e3 270.000 c\u00abng nh\u00a9n n\u00abng nghi\u00d6p c\u00e3 t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c \u00ae\u2212\u00eec th\u00e8ng nh\u00cat trong 8.000 nh\u00e3m c\u00abng \u00aeo\u00b5n, tham gia v\u00b5o trong 87 t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c c\u00abng \u00aeo\u00b5n. N\u00abng d\u00a9n Nh\u00cbt chia l\u00b5m b\u00e8n lo\u00b9i: 1. Dixacun\u00ab hay nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai s\u00eb h\u00f7u, lo\u00b9i n\u00b5y c\u00e3 172.241 h\u00e9. 2. Dixacun\u00ab lo\u00b9i hai, hay nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai s\u00eb h\u00f7u nh\u00e1, - 1.507.341 h\u00e9. 3. Khandixacun\u00ab: n\u00f6a ch\u00f1, n\u00f6a th\u00ee, - 2.244.126 h\u00e9. 4. C\u00abxacunin, ho\u00c6c nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai t\u00b8 \u00aei\u00d2n, - 1.557.847 h\u00e9. T\u00f5 n\u00a8m 1916 \u00ae\u00d5n n\u00a8m 1922 s\u00e8 l\u2212\u00eeng Dixacun\u00ab \u00ae\u00b7 t\u00a8ng th\u00aam 7.035 h\u00e9, c\u00dfn C\u00abxacunin, - th\u00aam 32.858 h\u00e9 do s\u00f9 ph\u00a9n ho\u00b8 hai nh\u00e3m trung gian. \u00a7i\u00d2u \u00ae\u00e3 kh\u00bcng \u00ae\u00denh l\u00b9i m\u00e9t l\u00c7n n\u00f7a t\u00ddnh ch\u00cat","240 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP \u00ae\u00f3ng \u00ae\u00ben c\u00f1a h\u00e4c thuy\u00d5t M\u00b8c v\u00d2 s\u00f9 thu h\u00f3t v\u00b5 v\u00ab s\u00b6n ho\u00b8 c\u00b8c t\u00c7ng l\u00edp trung gian. T\u00e6 ch\u00f8c c\u00abng nh\u00a9n n\u00abng nghi\u00d6p c\u00f1a Nh\u00cbt \u00ae\u2212\u00eec th\u00b5nh l\u00cbp c\u00b8ch \u00ae\u00a9y m\u00edi \u00ae\u2212\u00eec ba n\u00a8m, nh\u2212ng n\u00e3 ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n nhanh v\u00b5 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec c\u00f1ng c\u00e8. C\u00e3 hai c\u00abng \u00aeo\u00b5n: c\u00abng \u00aeo\u00b5n ph\u00dda \u00ae\u00abng v\u00b5 c\u00abng \u00aeo\u00b5n ph\u00dda t\u00a9y. C\u00abng \u00aeo\u00b5n ph\u00dda \u00ae\u00abng c\u00e3 trung t\u00a9m c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh l\u00b5 T\u00abki\u00ab, c\u00dfn ph\u00dda t\u00a9y l\u00b5 \u00a4xaca v\u00b5 C\u00abb\u00aa. T\u00cat c\u00b6 c\u00e3 85 chi nh\u00b8nh c\u00b8c c\u00abng \u00aeo\u00b5n, 196 nh\u00e3m, t\u00e6ng c\u00e9ng t\u00cat c\u00b6 120 ngh\u00d7n \u00aeo\u00b5n vi\u00aan. N\u00a8m 1922 \u00eb c\u00abng \u00aeo\u00b5n ph\u00dda \u00ae\u00abng c\u00e3 15 ngh\u00d7n \u00aeo\u00b5n vi\u00aan, c\u00dfn c\u00abng \u00aeo\u00b5n ph\u00dda t\u00a9y 91 ngh\u00d7n. N\u00a8m nay h\u00e4 c\u00e3 18 ngh\u00d7n \u00aeo\u00b5n vi\u00aan c\u00abng \u00aeo\u00b5n ph\u00dda \u00ae\u00abng v\u00b5 102 ngh\u00d7n \u00aeo\u00b5n vi\u00aan c\u00abng \u00aeo\u00b5n ph\u00dda t\u00a9y, c\u00e3 ngh\u00dca l\u00b5 s\u00e8 l\u2212\u00eeng c\u00f1a h\u00e4 t\u00a8ng l\u00aan 14 ngh\u00d7n trong m\u00e9t n\u00a8m. \u00a7i\u00d2u \u00ae\u00e3 c\u00e3 ngh\u00dca l\u00b5 \u00eb Nh\u00cbt B\u00b6n \u00aeang x\u00b6y ra m\u00e9t qu\u00b8 tr\u00d7nh ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n ng\u2212\u00eec l\u00b9i v\u00edi qu\u00b8 tr\u00d7nh ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n c\u00f1a c\u00b8c t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c c\u00abng nh\u00a9n n\u00abng nghi\u00d6p \u00eb c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc ch\u00a9u \u00a2u (tr\u00f5 \u00a7\u00f8c v\u00b5 Nga), n\u00aci c\u00e3 s\u00e8 l\u2212\u00eeng h\u00e9i vi\u00aan \u00aeang gi\u00b6m xu\u00e8ng ch\u00f8 kh\u00abng t\u00a8ng l\u00aan. Nh\u2212 ch\u00f3ng ta \u00ae\u00b7 th\u00cay \u00eb tr\u00aan, c\u00abng \u00aeo\u00b5n ph\u00dda t\u00a9y c\u00e3 s\u00e8 l\u2212\u00eeng nhi\u00d2u h\u00acn nhi\u00d2u c\u00abng \u00aeo\u00b5n ph\u00dda \u00ae\u00abng, nh\u2212ng nh\u00ea tinh th\u00c7n ti\u00aan ti\u00d5n c\u00f1a c\u00b8c \u00aeo\u00b5n vi\u00aan c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh v\u00b5 nh\u00ea h\u00e4 c\u00e3 ngh\u00de l\u00f9c n\u00aan c\u00abng \u00aeo\u00b5n ph\u00dda \u00ae\u00abng c\u00e3 \u00b6nh h\u2212\u00ebng l\u00edn h\u00acn c\u00abng \u00aeo\u00b5n ph\u00dda t\u00a9y. H\u00c7u nh\u2212 c\u00abng \u00aeo\u00b5n ph\u00dda \u00ae\u00abng bao gi\u00ea c\u00f2ng l\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00d2 x\u2212\u00edng ra cu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00cau tranh ch\u00e8ng l\u00b9i ch\u00f1. \u00a7\u00c6c \u00aei\u00d3m \\\"ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de - \u00ae\u00dea l\u00fd\\\" \u00cay c\u00e3 th\u00d3 th\u00cay c\u00b6 trong nh\u00f7ng c\u00abng nh\u00a9n c\u00abng nghi\u00d6p. C\u00abng \u00aeo\u00b5n ph\u00dda t\u00a9y \u00abn ho\u00b5, c\u00e3 s\u00e8 l\u2212\u00eeng \u00ae\u00abng b\u00de l\u00abi k\u00d0o theo \u00aeu\u00abi c\u00abng \u00aeo\u00b5n ph\u00dda \u00ae\u00abng ti\u00aan ti\u00d5n c\u00e3 s\u00e8 l\u2212\u00eeng \u00ddt. Nh\u00f7ng y\u00aau s\u00b8ch c\u00ac b\u00b6n c\u00f1a c\u00abng nh\u00a9n n\u00abng nghi\u00d6p l\u00b5 x\u00b7 h\u00e9i ho\u00b8 t\u00cat c\u00b6 \u00ae\u00cat \u00aeai canh t\u00b8c, s\u00b8ch l\u2212\u00eec ph\u00e6 bi\u00d5n nh\u00cat c\u00f1a cu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00cau tranh l\u00b5 kh\u00abng \u00aei l\u00b5m trong th\u00eai gian thu ho\u00b9ch m\u00efa m\u00b5ng. N\u00a8m 1920 \u00ae\u00b7 ghi nh\u00cbn l\u00b9i \u00ae\u2212\u00eec 408 cu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00d7nh c\u00abng, v\u00b5 n\u00a8m 1922 - l\u00aan t\u00edi 1.398.","Nh\u00cbt b\u00b6n 241 V\u00b5o th\u00b8ng 1 \u00ae\u00b7 c\u00e3 quy\u00d5t \u00ae\u00denh th\u00e8ng nh\u00cat hai c\u00abng \u00aeo\u00b5n n\u00b5y, C\u00abng \u00aeo\u00b5n m\u00edi \u00ae\u2212\u00eec g\u00e4i l\u00b5 \\\"Nikh\u00acnn\u00abminkhai\\\". Vi\u00d6c th\u00e8ng nh\u00cat n\u00b5y l\u00b5m cho giai c\u00cap v\u00ab s\u00b6n n\u00abng nghi\u00d6p \u00eb Nh\u00cbt B\u00b6n t\u00a8ng th\u00aam s\u00f8c m\u00b9nh v\u00b5 l\u00b5 m\u00e9t m\u00e8i lo ng\u00b9i l\u00edn \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi b\u00e4n ch\u00f1. N.A.Q. B\u00b8o La Vie Ouvri\u00ccre, ng\u00b5y 9-11-1923. In trong s\u00b8ch H\u00e5 Ch\u00dd Minh: Nh\u00f7ng b\u00b5i vi\u00d5t v\u00b5 n\u00e3i ch\u00e4n l\u00e4c, ti\u00d5ng Nga, Nxb. Ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de qu\u00e8c gia, M\u00b8txc\u00acva, 1959, tr.73-76.","242 T\u00d7nh h\u00d7nh \u00eb Trung Qu\u00e8c C\u2212\u00acng l\u00dcnh c\u00f1a c\u00b8c sinh vi\u00aan c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng Nguy\u00aan nh\u00a9n c\u00f1a t\u00d7nh h\u00d7nh t\u00e5i t\u00d6 hi\u00d6n nay \u00eb Trung Qu\u00e8c c\u00e3 r\u00cat nhi\u00d2u. Tr\u2212\u00edc h\u00d5t Trung Qu\u00e8c b\u00de y\u00d5u v\u00d7 s\u00f9 m\u00a9u thu\u00c9n gi\u00f7a mi\u00d2n B\u00bec v\u00b5 mi\u00d2n Nam. Sau \u00ae\u00e3, t\u00ddnh ch\u00cat th\u00f1 c\u00f9u c\u00f1a ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca ngh\u00de tr\u2212\u00eang b\u00bet ch\u2212\u00edc theo ki\u00d3u ph\u2212\u00acng T\u00a9y v\u00b5 tham v\u00e4ng m\u00ef qu\u00b8ng c\u00b8 nh\u00a9n c\u00f1a ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca qu\u00a9n phi\u00d6t bi\u00d3u hi\u00d6n \u00eb m\u00f8c \u00ae\u00e9 n\u00b5y hay m\u00f8c \u00ae\u00e9 kh\u00b8c d\u00f9a v\u00b5o n\u2212\u00edc ngo\u00b5i \u00aeang ph\u00b8 ho\u00b9i Trung Qu\u00e8c. V\u00b5 cu\u00e8i c\u00efng l\u00b5 do nh\u00f7ng c\u2212\u00eang qu\u00e8c t\u2212 b\u00b6n ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca t\u00f5ng ph\u00f3t m\u00e9t, c\u00e8 \u00fd g\u00a9y ra s\u00f9 r\u00e8i lo\u00b9n b\u00aan trong \u00ae\u00d3 k\u00d7m h\u00b7m th\u00cbm ch\u00dd c\u00b6 nh\u00f7ng c\u00b6i c\u00b8ch kh\u00abng \u00ae\u00b8ng k\u00d3. Th\u00d5 nh\u2212ng r\u00cat may m\u00ben l\u00b5 ti\u00d5ng vang c\u00f1a c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng Nga h\u00d7nh nh\u2212 \u00ae\u00b7 th\u00f8c t\u00d8nh th\u00d5 h\u00d6 m\u00edi c\u00f1a Trung Qu\u00e8c. L\u00f9c l\u2212\u00eeng tr\u00ce m\u00edi ra \u00ae\u00eai c\u00e3 \u00ae\u00c7y nhi\u00d6t t\u00d7nh v\u00b5 s\u00f8c s\u00e8ng. \u00a7i\u00d2u n\u00b5y th\u00d3 hi\u00d6n \u00ae\u00c6c bi\u00d6t r\u00e2 r\u00d6t nh\u00cat l\u00b5 H\u00e9i sinh vi\u00aan c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng. H\u00e9i c\u00e3 kho\u00b6ng 100 ngh\u00d7n h\u00e9i vi\u00aan trong c\u00b6 n\u2212\u00edc Trung Hoa. H\u00e9i xu\u00cat b\u00b6n nhi\u00d2u t\u00ea b\u00b8o, m\u00e7i t\u00d8nh c\u00e3 m\u00e9t ho\u00c6c hai t\u00ea. N\u00a8m 1919, H\u00e9i \u00ae\u00b7 khuy\u00aan \u00aeo\u00b5n \u00ae\u00b9i bi\u00d3u Trung Qu\u00e8c t\u00f5 ch\u00e8i k\u00fd Hi\u00d6p \u2212\u00edc V\u00d0cx\u00a9y. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai tham gia vi\u00d6c t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c t\u00c8y chay Nh\u00cbt B\u00b6n. \u00eb B\u00bec Kinh, sinh vi\u00aan \u00ae\u00b7 thi\u00aau hu\u00fb nh\u00f7ng l\u00a9u \u00ae\u00b5i xa hoa c\u00f1a hai b\u00e9 tr\u2212\u00ebng b\u00b8n cho t\u2212 b\u00b6n Nh\u00cbt, bu\u00e9c nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai n\u00b5y t\u00f5 ch\u00f8c v\u00b5 c\u00e3 nh\u00f7ng l\u00eai c\u00b6nh c\u00b8o x\u00b8c \u00ae\u00b8ng tr\u2212\u00edc \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi h\u00e4. T\u00b9i \u00a7\u00b9i h\u00e9i to\u00b5n qu\u00e8c l\u00c7n th\u00f8 t\u2212, H\u00e9i \u00ae\u00b7 th\u00abng qua c\u2212\u00acng l\u00dcnh ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de, m\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng \u00aei\u00d3m c\u00ac b\u00b6n c\u00f1a n\u00e3 l\u00b5: Ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch \u00ae\u00e8i n\u00e9i. Ngh\u00de vi\u00d6n v\u00b5 Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 ph\u00b6i th\u00f9c hi\u00d6n trung th\u00f9c \u00fd ch\u00dd c\u00f1a nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n.","t\u00d7nh h\u00d7nh \u00eb trung qu\u00e8c 243 Ho\u00b5n to\u00b5n t\u00f9 do t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c, h\u00e9i h\u00e4p, ng\u00abn lu\u00cbn v\u00b5 b\u00b8o ch\u00dd. Quy\u00d2n \u00ae\u00d7nh c\u00abng cho c\u00abng nh\u00a9n. \u00a7\u00dea v\u00de \u00ae\u00e9c l\u00cbp c\u00f1a to\u00b5 \u00b8n. Quan h\u00d6 qu\u00e8c t\u00d5. Quy\u00d2n t\u00f9 quy\u00d5t c\u00f1a c\u00b8c d\u00a9n t\u00e9c. \u00a7\u00cau tranh ch\u00e8ng ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca \u00ae\u00d5 qu\u00e8c. V\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 ph\u00f4 n\u00f7. B\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00bcng v\u00d2 gi\u00b8o d\u00f4c ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de v\u00b5 kinh t\u00d5 cho c\u00b6 nam v\u00b5 n\u00f7. Thi h\u00b5nh h\u00d6 th\u00e8ng tr\u2212\u00eang h\u00e4c th\u00e8ng nh\u00cat - t\u00f8c l\u00b5 th\u00b5nh l\u00cbp c\u00b8c tr\u2212\u00eang h\u00e4c trong \u00ae\u00e3 con trai v\u00b5 con g\u00b8i c\u00efng h\u00e4c. Tr\u00b6 c\u00abng nh\u2212 nhau cho lao \u00ae\u00e9ng nh\u2212 nhau. Quy\u00d2n ngh\u00d8 ng\u00aci v\u00b5 ti\u00d2n tr\u00ee c\u00cap cho tr\u2212\u00eang h\u00eep \u00aeau \u00e8m v\u00b5 s\u00b6n ph\u00f4. H\u00e9i \u00f1ng h\u00e9 t\u00cat c\u00b6 c\u00b8c y\u00aau s\u00b8ch c\u00f1a c\u00abng nh\u00a9n. H\u00e9i c\u00e3 m\u00f4c \u00ae\u00ddch: \u00f1ng h\u00e9 t\u00cat c\u00b6 nh\u00f7ng y\u00aau s\u00b8ch v\u00b5 m\u00e4i phong tr\u00b5o c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng c\u00f1a n\u00abng d\u00a9n, c\u00abng nh\u00a9n v\u00b5 ti\u00d3u th\u2212\u00acng. H\u00e9i k\u00aau g\u00e4i t\u00cat c\u00b6 nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n lao \u00ae\u00e9ng v\u00b5 sinh vi\u00aan ti\u00d5n h\u00b5nh m\u00e9t cu\u00e9c tu\u00c7n h\u00b5nh chung to\u00b5n qu\u00e8c \u00ae\u00d3 t\u2212\u00ebng nh\u00ed nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00abng nh\u00a9n \u00ae\u2212\u00eang s\u00bet b\u00de t\u2212\u00edng Ng\u00ab B\u00e9i Phu gi\u00d5t ch\u00d5t trong th\u00eai gian \u00ae\u00d7nh c\u00abng tr\u00aan \u00ae\u2212\u00eang s\u00bet B\u00bec Kinh - H\u00b8n Kh\u00c8u1). H\u00e9i coi vi\u00d6c gi\u00f3p \u00ae\u00ec c\u00abng nh\u00a9n n\u00b9n nh\u00a9n c\u00f1a cu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00cau tranh, l\u00b5 ngh\u00dca v\u00f4 c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh, v\u00b9ch tr\u00c7n v\u00b5 l\u00aan \u00b8n tr\u2212\u00edc to\u00b5n qu\u00e8c h\u00b5nh \u00ae\u00e9ng t\u00e9i \u00b8c c\u00f1a Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 v\u00b5 b\u00cc l\u00f2 qu\u00a9n phi\u00d6t c\u00f1a n\u00e3 trong th\u00eai gian \u00ae\u00d7nh c\u00abng. Ch\u00f3ng ta c\u00f2ng n\u00e3i th\u00aam l\u00b5 Li\u00aan \u00aeo\u00b5n sinh vi\u00aan c\u00dfn y\u00aau c\u00c7u Trung Qu\u00e8c nhanh ch\u00e3ng kh\u00abi ph\u00f4c quan h\u00d6 v\u00edi n\u2212\u00edc Nga. Nguy\u00d4n \u00b8i Qu\u00e8c B\u00b8o L'Humanit\u00d0, ng\u00b5y 4-12-1923. _______________ 1) Cu\u00e9c t\u00e6ng b\u00b7i c\u00abng c\u00f1a c\u00abng nh\u00a9n \u00ae\u2212\u00eang s\u00bet B\u00bec Kinh - H\u00b8n Kh\u00c8u b\u00bet \u00ae\u00c7u ng\u00b5y 4-2-1923. Cu\u00e9c t\u00b5n s\u00b8t di\u00d4n ra ng\u00b5y 7-2, l\u00b5m 37 ng\u2212\u00eai ch\u00d5t, h\u00acn 200 ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00de th\u2212\u00acng (BT).","244 Phong tr\u00b5o c\u00abng nh\u00a9n \u00eb Th\u00e6 Nh\u00dc K\u00fa41 V\u00edi l\u00dfng d\u00f2ng c\u00b6m v\u00b5 tinh th\u00c7n hy sinh \u00ae\u00b8ng kh\u00a9m ph\u00f4c, nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n Th\u00e6 Nh\u00dc K\u00fa \u00ae\u00b7 x\u00d0 tan c\u00b8i Hi\u00d6p \u2212\u00edc Xev\u00acr\u00ac42 gh\u00aa t\u00ebm v\u00b5 gi\u00b5nh l\u00b9i \u00ae\u2212\u00eec n\u00d2n \u00ae\u00e9c l\u00cbp c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh. H\u00e4 \u00ae\u00b7 \u00ae\u00b8nh b\u00b9i b\u00e4n \u00ae\u00d5 qu\u00e8c c\u00efng l\u00cbp m\u2212u v\u00edi nhau, v\u00b5 l\u00cbt \u00ae\u00e6 ngai v\u00b5ng c\u00f1a b\u00e4n vua ch\u00f3a. T\u00f5 m\u00e9t n\u2212\u00edc ki\u00d6t qu\u00d6, b\u00de chia c\u00bet, gi\u00b5y x\u00d0o, h\u00e4 \u00ae\u00b7 d\u00f9ng l\u00aan m\u00e9t n\u2212\u00edc c\u00e9ng ho\u00b5 th\u00e8ng nh\u00cat v\u00b5 m\u00b9nh m\u00cf. H\u00e4 \u00ae\u00b7 l\u00b5m xong cu\u00e9c c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng c\u00f1a h\u00e4. Nh\u2212ng, c\u00f2ng gi\u00e8ng nh\u2212 t\u00cat c\u00b6 c\u00b8c cu\u00e9c c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng t\u2212 s\u00b6n, cu\u00e9c c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng Th\u00e6 Nh\u00dc K\u00fa ch\u00d8 c\u00e3 l\u00eei ri\u00aang cho m\u00e9t giai c\u00cap: giai c\u00cap c\u00e3 c\u00f1a. Giai c\u00cap v\u00ab s\u00b6n Th\u00e6 Nh\u00dc K\u00fa, ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00b7 \u00ae\u00e3ng g\u00e3p r\u00cat nhi\u00d2u v\u00b5o cu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00cau tranh gi\u00b5nh \u00ae\u00e9c l\u00cbp d\u00a9n t\u00e9c th\u00d7 t\u00f5 b\u00a9y gi\u00ea \u00ae\u00b7 th\u00cay b\u00bet bu\u00e9c ph\u00b6i ti\u00d5n h\u00b5nh m\u00e9t cu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00cau tranh kh\u00b8c: cu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00cau tranh giai c\u00cap. Trong cu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00cau tranh n\u00b5y, giai c\u00cap c\u00abng nh\u00a9n c\u00f1a Th\u00e6 Nh\u00dc K\u00fa g\u00c6p nhi\u00d2u tr\u00eb l\u00f9c. \u00eb Th\u00e6 Nh\u00dc K\u00fa kh\u00abng c\u00e3 nh\u00f7ng c\u00abng \u00aeo\u00b5n gi\u00e8ng nh\u2212 \u00eb ph\u2212\u00acng T\u00a9y. \u00eb \u00ae\u00a9y ch\u00d8 c\u00e3 nh\u00f7ng nghi\u00d6p \u00aeo\u00b5n, ho\u00c6c nh\u00f7ng h\u00e9i t\u2212\u00acng t\u00d5 t\u00cbp h\u00eep c\u00abng nh\u00a9n c\u00efng ng\u00b5nh, sinh s\u00e8ng trong c\u00efng m\u00e9t th\u00b5nh ph\u00e8. C\u00dfn c\u00abng nh\u00a9n c\u00b8c ng\u00b5nh kh\u00b8c nhau trong c\u00efng m\u00e9t th\u00b5nh ph\u00e8 v\u00b5 c\u00abng nh\u00a9n c\u00efng ng\u00b5nh trong c\u00b8c th\u00b5nh ph\u00e8 kh\u00b8c nhau th\u00d7 kh\u00abng c\u00e3 li\u00aan h\u00d6 g\u00d7 v\u00edi nhau. T\u00d7nh h\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00e3 l\u00b5m tr\u00eb ng\u00b9i m\u00e4i ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng chung v\u00b5 c\u00e3 hi\u00d6u qu\u00b6. M\u00c6c d\u00ef nh\u2212 v\u00cby, su\u00e8t n\u00a8m v\u00f5a qua ng\u2212\u00eai ta c\u00f2ng \u00ae\u00b7 nhi\u00d2u l\u00c7n","Phong tr\u00b5o c\u00abng nh\u00a9n \u00eb th\u00e6 nh\u00dc k\u00fa 245 th\u00cay nh\u00f7ng ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng s\u00abi n\u00e6i c\u00f1a c\u00abng nh\u00a9n. Nhi\u00d2u cu\u00e9c b\u00b7i c\u00abng \u00ae\u00b7 n\u00e6 ra \u00eb C\u00abngxt\u00a8ngtin\u00e8p, \u00eb S\u00f5ng V\u00b5ng1), \u00eb Aidin, v.v.. C\u00abng nh\u00a9n in, c\u00abng nh\u00a9n \u00ae\u2212\u00eang s\u00bet, nh\u00a9n vi\u00aan th\u2212\u00acng thuy\u00d2n, c\u00abng nh\u00a9n c\u00b8c kho d\u00c7u l\u00f6a v\u00b5 c\u00b8c x\u2212\u00ebng ch\u00d5 r\u2212\u00eeu bia \u00ae\u00b7 ti\u00d5n h\u00b5nh \u00ae\u00cau tranh. \u00a7\u00b7 c\u00e3 t\u00edi m\u00e9t v\u00b9n c\u00abng nh\u00a9n tham gia phong tr\u00b5o. Sau nh\u00f7ng kinh nghi\u00d6m n\u00b5y, c\u00abng nh\u00a9n Th\u00e6 Nh\u00dc K\u00fa \u00ae\u00b7 hi\u00d3u r\u00bbng mu\u00e8n th\u00beng l\u00eei th\u00d7 h\u00e4 c\u00c7n ph\u00b6i c\u00e3 t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c v\u00b5 k\u00fb lu\u00cbt. \u00a7\u00b9i h\u00e9i C\u00abngxt\u00a8ngtin\u00e8p th\u00b5nh l\u00cbp h\u00e9i Bi\u00d5cl\u00ddch2) M\u00edi \u00ae\u00a9y, m\u00e9t \u00ae\u00b9i h\u00e9i c\u00abng nh\u00a9n \u00ae\u00b7 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec tri\u00d6u t\u00cbp \u00eb C\u00abngxt\u00a8ngtin\u00e8p. Hai tr\u00a8m n\u00a8m m\u2212\u00aci \u00ae\u00b9i bi\u00d3u tham gia \u00ae\u00b9i h\u00e9i. H\u00e4 thay m\u00c6t cho 19.000 c\u00abng nh\u00a9n C\u00abngxt\u00a8ngtin\u00e8p, 15.000 c\u00abng nh\u00a9n m\u00e1 than \u00eb D\u00abnggun\u00ae\u00bec v\u00b5 10.000 ng\u2212\u00eai lao \u00ae\u00e9ng c\u00b6 c\u00b8c m\u00e1 ch\u00d7 c\u00e3 b\u00b9c \u00eb Balyacarai\u00aein. \u00a7\u00b9i h\u00e9i \u00ae\u00b7 quy\u00d5t \u00ae\u00denh t\u00cbp h\u00eep 34 \u00a7\u00d0cn\u00d5ch3) hi\u00d6n c\u00e3 th\u00b5nh m\u00e9t Bi\u00d5cl\u00ddch, t\u00f8c l\u00b5 m\u00e9t li\u00aan minh. Ngh\u00de quy\u00d5t m\u00b9nh d\u00b9n \u00ae\u00e3 \u00ae\u00b7 l\u00b5m cho Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 ph\u00b6i s\u00ee h\u00b7i kh\u00abng d\u00b8m c\u00abng nh\u00cbn Bi\u00d5cl\u00ddch. N\u00aan ch\u00f3 \u00fd l\u00b5 th\u00b8i \u00ae\u00e9 c\u00f1a Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi c\u00abng nh\u00a9n \u00ae\u00b7 thay \u00ae\u00e6i nhi\u00d2u. Khi chi\u00d5n tranh k\u00d5t th\u00f3c, khi v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 \u00ae\u00c6t ra l\u00b5 ph\u00b6i \u00aeu\u00e6i c\u00e6 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai n\u2212\u00edc ngo\u00b5i th\u00d7 Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 lu\u00abn lu\u00abn t\u00e1 ra d\u00d4 d\u00b7i v\u00edi c\u00abng nh\u00a9n, nh\u2212ng khi \u00ae\u00f4ng \u00ae\u00d5n v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c c\u00abng nh\u00a9n th\u00d7 Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 t\u00e1 ra c\u00f2ng ph\u00b6n \u00ae\u00e9ng nh\u2212 t\u00cat c\u00b6 m\u00e4i ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 t\u2212 b\u00b6n ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca kh\u00b8c. Do \u00ae\u00e3, s\u00f9 ph\u00f1 quy\u00d5t c\u00f1a Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 kh\u00abng l\u00b5m ai ng\u00b9c nhi\u00aan c\u00b6. V\u00b6 l\u00b9i, m\u00e4i ng\u2212\u00eai bi\u00d5t r\u00bbng t\u00f5 khi k\u00fd Ho\u00b5 \u2212\u00edc L\u00abdann\u00ac43 th\u00d7 b\u00e4n t\u2212 b\u00b6n Th\u00e6 Nh\u00dc K\u00fa \u00ae\u00b7 \u00a8n c\u00b8nh v\u00edi b\u00e4n t\u2212 b\u00b6n n\u2212\u00edc ngo\u00b5i, - b\u00e4n n\u00b5y sau khi \u00ae\u00b7 t\u00b5n s\u00b8t h\u00b5ng v\u00b9n ng\u2212\u00eai Hy L\u00b9p v\u00b5 Th\u00e6 Nh\u00dc K\u00fa kh\u00e6 s\u00eb nh\u2212ng v\u00c9n kh\u00abng \u00ae\u00c6t \u00ae\u2212\u00eec \u00b8ch th\u00f9c d\u00a9n l\u00aan Th\u00e6 Nh\u00dc K\u00fa, th\u00d7 nay l\u00b9i x\u00a9m nh\u00cbp m\u00e9t c\u00b8ch ho\u00b5 b\u00d7nh v\u00b5o \u00ae\u00cat n\u2212\u00edc Tr\u00a8ng l\u2212\u00eci li\u00d2m. _______________ 1) Corne d\u2019or: B\u00b7i bi\u00d3n B\u00abxpho \u00eb Ixtambun, gi\u00b8p bi\u00d3n \u00a7en (BT). 2) Birlik: Ti\u00d5ng Th\u00e6 Nh\u00dc K\u00fa c\u00e3 ngh\u00dca nh\u2212 m\u00e9t h\u00e9i li\u00aan minh (BT). 3) Dernek: Ti\u00d5ng Th\u00e6 Nh\u00dc K\u00fa c\u00e3 ngh\u00dca l\u00b5 h\u00e9i (BT).","246 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP Vi\u00d6c Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 t\u00f5 ch\u00e8i kh\u00abng c\u00abng nh\u00cbn t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c Bi\u00d5cl\u00ddch, ch\u00bcng kh\u00b8c n\u00b5o m\u00e9t n\u00f4 c\u2212\u00eai duy\u00aan d\u00b8ng d\u00efng \u00ae\u00d3 khuy\u00d5n kh\u00ddch gi\u00edi t\u00b5i ch\u00ddnh qu\u00e8c t\u00d5 m\u00b5 ba ph\u00c7n n\u00a8m l\u00b5 ngu\u00e5n g\u00e8c Ph\u00b8p. Nh\u2212ng giai c\u00cap v\u00ab s\u00b6n Th\u00e6 Nh\u00dc K\u00fa \u00ae\u00b7 ti\u00d5n \u00ae\u2212\u00eec m\u00e9t b\u2212\u00edc \u00ae\u00c7u ti\u00aan. Nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh h\u00e4 s\u00cf c\u00dfn ti\u00d5n n\u00f7a. Nguy\u00d4n \u00b8i Qu\u00e8c B\u00b8o L'Humanit\u00d0, ng\u00b5y 1-1-1924.","247 T\u00d7nh c\u00b6nh n\u00abng d\u00a9n An Nam Ng\u2212\u00eai An Nam n\u00e3i chung, ph\u00b6i \u00cc c\u00e6 ra m\u00b5 ch\u00deu nh\u00f7ng c\u00abng \u00acn b\u00b6o h\u00e9 c\u00f1a n\u2212\u00edc Ph\u00b8p. Ng\u2212\u00eai n\u00abng d\u00a9n An Nam n\u00e3i ri\u00aang, l\u00b9i c\u00b5ng ph\u00b6i \u00cc c\u00e6 ra m\u00b5 ch\u00deu s\u00f9 b\u00b6o h\u00e9 \u00cay m\u00e9t c\u00b8ch th\u00b6m h\u00b9i h\u00acn: l\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai An Nam, h\u00e4 b\u00de \u00b8p b\u00f8c; l\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai n\u00abng d\u00a9n, h\u00e4 b\u00de ng\u2212\u00eai ta \u00a8n c\u00bep, c\u2212\u00edp b\u00e3c, t\u2212\u00edc \u00aeo\u00b9t, l\u00b5m ph\u00b8 s\u00b6n. Ch\u00ddnh h\u00e4 l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai ph\u00b6i l\u00b5m m\u00e4i c\u00abng vi\u00d6c n\u00c6ng nh\u00e4c, m\u00e4i th\u00f8 lao d\u00dech. Ch\u00ddnh h\u00e4 l\u00b5m ra cho l\u00f2 ng\u2212\u00eai \u00a8n b\u00b8m, l\u00f2 ng\u2212\u00eai l\u2212\u00eai bi\u00d5ng, l\u00f2 ng\u2212\u00eai \u00aei khai ho\u00b8 v\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng b\u00e4n kh\u00b8c h\u2212\u00ebng m\u00b5 ch\u00ddnh h\u00e4 th\u00d7 l\u00b9i ph\u00b6i s\u00e8ng c\u00efng kh\u00e6 trong khi nh\u00f7ng t\u00aan \u00aeao ph\u00f1 c\u00f1a h\u00e4 s\u00e8ng r\u00cat th\u00f5a th\u00b7i; h\u00d4 m\u00cat m\u00efa th\u00d7 h\u00e4 ch\u00d5t \u00ae\u00e3i. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 v\u00d7 h\u00e4 b\u00de \u00a8n c\u00bep kh\u00bep m\u00e4i ph\u00dda, b\u00bbng m\u00e4i c\u00b8ch, do c\u00b8c quan cai tr\u00de, do b\u00e4n phong ki\u00d5n t\u00a9n th\u00eai v\u00b5 nh\u00b5 th\u00ea. X\u2212a kia, d\u2212\u00edi ch\u00d5 \u00ae\u00e9 An Nam, ru\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00cat chia th\u00b5nh nhi\u00d2u h\u00b9ng tu\u00fa theo t\u00e8t x\u00cau. Thu\u00d5 \u00ae\u00b8nh theo s\u00f9 ph\u00a9n h\u00b9ng \u00cay. D\u2212\u00edi ch\u00d5 \u00ae\u00e9 thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea hi\u00d6n nay, t\u00cat c\u00b6 nh\u00f7ng c\u00b8i \u00ae\u00e3 \u00ae\u00d2u thay \u00ae\u00e6i. Khi c\u00c7n ki\u00d5m ti\u00d2n c\u00b8c quan cai tr\u00de ng\u2212\u00eai Ph\u00b8p ch\u00d8 vi\u00d6c b\u00bet thay \u00ae\u00e6i h\u00b9ng ru\u00e9ng. Ch\u00d8 m\u00e9t n\u00d0t b\u00f3t th\u00c7n k\u00fa l\u00b5 h\u00e4 bi\u00d5n m\u00e9t \u00ae\u00b8m ru\u00e9ng x\u00cau th\u00b5nh ru\u00e9ng t\u00e8t. Th\u00d5 l\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai d\u00a9n c\u00b5y An Nam bu\u00e9c ph\u00b6i n\u00e9p thu\u00d5 cho \u00ae\u00b8m ru\u00e9ng c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh nhi\u00d2u h\u00acn s\u00e8 h\u00e4 thu ho\u00b9ch \u00ae\u2212\u00eec. Nh\u2212 th\u00d5 v\u00c9n ch\u2212a h\u00d5t. Ng\u2212\u00eai ta c\u00dfn t\u00a8ng di\u00d6n t\u00ddch ru\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00cat m\u00e9t c\u00b8ch gi\u00b6 t\u00b9o b\u00bbng c\u00b8ch r\u00f3t ng\u00ben \u00ae\u00acn v\u00de \u00aeo \u00ae\u00b9c. B\u00bbng c\u00b8ch \u00ae\u00e3, thu\u00d5 l\u00cbp t\u00f8c t\u00a8ng l\u00aan, n\u00aci th\u00d7 m\u00e9t ph\u00c7n ba, n\u00aci th\u00d7 hai ph\u00c7n ba. \u00a7i\u00d2u \u00ae\u00e3 ch\u2212a \u00ae\u00f1 \u00ae\u00d3 tho\u00b6 m\u00b7n l\u00dfng tham kh\u00abng \u00ae\u00b8y c\u00f1a Nh\u00b5 n\u2212\u00edc b\u00b6o h\u00e9 c\u00f8 m\u00e7i n\u00a8m l\u00b9i t\u00a8ng m\u00b7i thu\u00d5 l\u00aan. Th\u00dd d\u00f4, t\u00f5 n\u00a8m 1890 \u00ae\u00d5n","248 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP n\u00a8m 1896, thu\u00d5 \u00ae\u00b7 t\u00a8ng g\u00cap \u00ae\u00abi. T\u00f5 n\u00a8m 1896 \u00ae\u00d5n n\u00a8m 1898 l\u00b9i t\u00a8ng l\u00aan m\u00e9t n\u00f6a v\u00b5 c\u00f8 nh\u2212 th\u00d5 m\u00b5 t\u00a8ng l\u00aan m\u00b7i. Ng\u2212\u00eai An Nam c\u00f8 ch\u00deu r\u00e3c th\u00det m\u00b7i nh\u2212 v\u00cby v\u00b5 c\u00b8c quan l\u00edn b\u00b6o h\u00e9 nh\u00b5 ta th\u00d7 quen \u00a8n b\u00d0n m\u00efi c\u00f8 ti\u00d5p t\u00f4c gi\u00eb tr\u00df xoay x\u00eb m\u00b7i. C\u00e3 khi, t\u00d6 \u00ae\u00e9c \u00aeo\u00b8n \u00aei \u00ae\u00abi v\u00edi t\u00d6 c\u2212\u00edp \u00aeo\u00b9t. Th\u00dd d\u00f4 n\u00a8m 1895, vi\u00aan C\u00abng s\u00f8 m\u00e9t t\u00d8nh \u00eb B\u00bec K\u00fa \u00ae\u00b7 t\u2212\u00edc m\u00cat c\u00f1a m\u00e9t l\u00b5ng n\u00e4 h\u00b5ng bao nhi\u00aau h\u00d0cta ru\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00cat \u00ae\u00d3 \u00aeem c\u00cap cho m\u00e9t l\u00b5ng kh\u00b8c, l\u00b5 m\u00e9t l\u00b5ng theo \u00ae\u00b9o Kit\u00ab. Nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai m\u00cat ru\u00e9ng khi\u00d5u n\u00b9i th\u00d7 ng\u2212\u00eai ta b\u00bet b\u00e1 t\u00ef. C\u00b8c b\u00b9n \u00ae\u00f5ng t\u2212\u00ebng ch\u00d5 \u00ae\u00e9 cai tr\u00de v\u00ab li\u00aam s\u00d8 \u00cay ch\u00d8 c\u00e3 nh\u2212 th\u00d5 th\u00abi. Ng\u2212\u00eai ta c\u00dfn b\u00bet nh\u00f7ng k\u00ce x\u00cau s\u00e8 b\u00de m\u00cat ru\u00e9ng ph\u00b6i n\u00e9p thu\u00d5 cho m\u00b7i \u00ae\u00d5n n\u00a8m 1910, m\u00c6c d\u00ef ru\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00cat c\u00f1a h\u00e4 \u00ae\u00b7 b\u00de t\u2212\u00edc \u00aeo\u00b9t t\u00f5 n\u00a8m 1895! H\u00d5t c\u00b8c quan cai tr\u00de \u00a8n c\u00bep, \u00ae\u00d5n b\u00e4n ch\u00f1 \u00ae\u00e5n \u00aei\u00d2n \u00a8n c\u00bep. Ng\u2212\u00eai ta c\u00cap cho ng\u2212\u00eai \u00a2u nh\u00f7ng \u00ae\u00e5n \u00aei\u00d2n nhi\u00d2u khi v\u2212\u00eet qu\u00b8 20.000 h\u00d0cta; m\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai \u00a2u n\u00b5y th\u00d7 ngo\u00b5i c\u00b8i b\u00f4ng ph\u00d6 v\u00b5 c\u00b8i m\u00b5u da tr\u00beng ra, kh\u00abng c\u00e3 m\u00b6y may ki\u00d5n th\u00f8c g\u00d7 v\u00d2 n\u00abng nghi\u00d6p v\u00b5 k\u00fc thu\u00cbt. Nh\u00f7ng \u00ae\u00e5n \u00aei\u00d2n \u00cay ph\u00c7n nhi\u00d2u \u00ae\u2212\u00eec l\u00cbp ra b\u00bbng l\u00e8i \u00a8n c\u00bep h\u00eep ph\u00b8p ho\u00b8. Trong th\u00eai k\u00fa x\u00a9m l\u2212\u00eec, ng\u2212\u00eai d\u00a9n c\u00b5y An Nam, c\u00f2ng nh\u2212 ng\u2212\u00eai And\u00b8tx\u00ac n\u00a8m 1870, \u00ae\u00b7 b\u00e1 ru\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00cat c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh l\u00b8nh sang nh\u00f7ng v\u00efng c\u00dfn t\u00f9 do. Khi h\u00e4 tr\u00eb v\u00d2 th\u00d7 ru\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00cat c\u00f1a h\u00e4 \u00ae\u00b7 \\\"th\u00b5nh \u00ae\u00e5n \u00aei\u00d2n\\\" m\u00cat r\u00e5i. H\u00b5ng bao nhi\u00aau l\u00b5ng \u00ae\u00b7 b\u00de t\u2212\u00edc \u00aeo\u00b9t \u00aei nh\u2212 th\u00d5, v\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00b6n x\u00f8 l\u00a9m v\u00b5o c\u00b6nh ph\u00b6i lao \u00ae\u00e9ng cho b\u00e4n ch\u00f3a phong ki\u00d5n t\u00a9n th\u00eai, b\u00e4n n\u00b5y chi\u00d5m \u00aeo\u00b9t c\u00e3 khi \u00ae\u00d5n 90% thu ho\u00b9ch. L\u00cay c\u00ed khuy\u00d5n kh\u00ddch vi\u00d6c khai kh\u00c8n thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea, ng\u2212\u00eai ta mi\u00d4n thu\u00d5 \u00aei\u00d2n th\u00e6 cho r\u00cat nhi\u00d2u ch\u00f1 \u00ae\u00e5n \u00aei\u00d2n l\u00edn. \u00a7\u00b7 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec kh\u00abng ru\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00cat r\u00e5i, b\u00e4n ch\u00f1 \u00ae\u00e5n \u00aei\u00d2n l\u00b9i c\u00dfn \u00ae\u2212\u00eec kh\u00abng, ho\u00c6c g\u00c7n nh\u2212 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec kh\u00abng c\u00b6 nh\u00a9n c\u00abng n\u00f7a. B\u00e4n quan cai tr\u00de cung c\u00cap cho h\u00e4 m\u00e9t s\u00e8 t\u00ef kh\u00e6 sai l\u00b5m kh\u00abng c\u00abng, hay d\u00efng uy quy\u00d2n c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng \u00ae\u00d3 m\u00e9 cho b\u00e4n ch\u00f1 \u00ae\u00e5n \u00aei\u00d2n nh\u00f7ng nh\u00a9n c\u00abng l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c v\u00edi m\u00e9t \u00ae\u00e5ng l\u2212\u00acng ch\u00d5t \u00ae\u00e3i. N\u00d5u nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai An Nam \u00ae\u00d5n kh\u00abng \u00ae\u00f1 s\u00e8 ho\u00c6c h\u00e4 kh\u00abng b\u00bbng l\u00dfng th\u00d7 ng\u2212\u00eai ta li\u00d2n d\u00efng \u00ae\u00d5n v\u00f2 l\u00f9c; b\u00e4n ch\u00f1 \u00ae\u00e5n \u00aei\u00d2n li\u00d2n b\u00bet b\u00e4n h\u2212\u00acng l\u00fd, n\u00d6n v\u00b5o c\u00e6 h\u00e4,","T\u00d7nh c\u00b6nh n\u00abng d\u00a9n an nam 249 h\u00b5nh h\u00b9 cho \u00ae\u00d5n khi nh\u00f7ng k\u00ce kh\u00e8n kh\u00e6 n\u00b5y ch\u00deu k\u00fd gi\u00cay cam \u00aeoan n\u00e9p \u00ae\u00f1 s\u00e8 nh\u00a9n c\u00abng c\u00c7n thi\u00d5t m\u00edi th\u00abi. B\u00aan c\u00b9nh c\u00b8i th\u00d5 l\u00f9c ph\u00c7n \u00ae\u00eai \u00cay c\u00dfn c\u00e3 nh\u00f7ng \u00ae\u00cang c\u00f8u th\u00d5 ph\u00c7n h\u00e5n n\u00f7a, c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00cang n\u00b5y trong khi truy\u00d2n b\u00b8 \u00ae\u00f8c ngh\u00cco cho ng\u2212\u00eai An Nam, c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng qu\u00aan t\u00d7m c\u00b8ch l\u00b5m gi\u00b5u b\u00bbng m\u00e5 h\u00abi v\u00b5 m\u00b8u c\u00f1a ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00b6n x\u00f8. \u00eb Nam K\u00fa, ch\u00d8 ri\u00aang H\u00e9i Th\u00b8nh truy\u00d2n gi\u00b8o c\u00f2ng \u00ae\u00b7 chi\u00d5m 1\/5 ru\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00cat trong v\u00efng. M\u00c6c d\u00c7u trong kinh Th\u00b8nh kh\u00abng c\u00e3 d\u00b9y, song th\u00f1 \u00aeo\u00b9n chi\u00d5m \u00aeo\u00b9t nh\u00f7ng \u00ae\u00cat \u00aeai n\u00b5y c\u00f2ng th\u00cbt r\u00cat gi\u00b6n \u00ae\u00acn: \u00ae\u00e3 l\u00b5 th\u00f1 \u00aeo\u00b9n cho vay n\u00c6ng l\u00b7i v\u00b5 h\u00e8i l\u00e9. H\u00e9i Th\u00b8nh l\u00eei d\u00f4ng l\u00f3c m\u00cat m\u00efa \u00ae\u00d3 cho n\u00abng d\u00a9n vay ti\u00d2n v\u00b5 bu\u00e9c h\u00e4 ph\u00b6i c\u00c7m c\u00e8 ru\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00cat. V\u00d7 l\u00eei su\u00cat t\u00ddnh theo l\u00e8i c\u00bet c\u00e6, n\u00aan ng\u2212\u00eai An Nam kh\u00abng th\u00d3 tr\u00b6 n\u00ee \u00ae\u00f3ng h\u00b9n; th\u00d5 l\u00b5 t\u00cat c\u00b6 ru\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00cat c\u00c7m c\u00e8 b\u00de r\u00aci v\u00b5o tay H\u00e9i truy\u00d2n gi\u00b8o. C\u00b8c quan cai tr\u00de c\u00b6 l\u00edn l\u00c9n b\u00d0, \u00ae\u2212\u00eec n\u2212\u00edc m\u00d1 giao v\u00cbn m\u00d6nh x\u00f8 \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng cho, n\u00e3i chung \u00ae\u00d2u l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng b\u00e4n ngu xu\u00c8n v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00d3u c\u00b8ng. H\u00e9i Th\u00b8nh ch\u00d8 c\u00c7n n\u00bem \u00ae\u2212\u00eec trong tay m\u00e9t v\u00b5i gi\u00cay t\u00ea b\u00dd m\u00cbt, thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00eai ri\u00aang, c\u00e3 t\u00ddnh ch\u00cat nguy h\u00b9i \u00ae\u00d5n thanh danh, \u00ae\u00dea v\u00de c\u00f1a c\u00b8c quan, l\u00b5 c\u00e3 th\u00d3 l\u00b5m c\u00b8c quan ho\u00b6ng s\u00ee v\u00b5 ph\u00b6i chi\u00d2u theo \u00fd h\u00e4 mu\u00e8n. Ch\u00ddnh v\u00d7 th\u00d5 m\u00b5 m\u00e9t vi\u00aan To\u00b5n quy\u00d2n \u00ae\u00b7 nh\u2212\u00eang cho nh\u00b5 chung 7.000 h\u00d0cta ru\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00cat sa b\u00e5i c\u00f1a nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00b6n x\u00f8, \u00cay th\u00d5 l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00b6n x\u00f8 n\u00b5y tr\u00eb th\u00b5nh nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai \u00aei \u00a8n xin. Ph\u00b8c qua nh\u2212 th\u00d5, ch\u00f3ng ta th\u00cay r\u00bbng d\u2212\u00edi chi\u00aau b\u00b5i d\u00a9n ch\u00f1, \u00ae\u00d5 qu\u00e8c Ph\u00b8p \u00ae\u00b7 \u00aeem v\u00b5o An Nam t\u00cat c\u00b6 c\u00b8i ch\u00d5 \u00ae\u00e9 trung c\u00e6 \u00ae\u00b8ng nguy\u00d2n r\u00f1a, k\u00d3 c\u00b6 ch\u00d5 \u00ae\u00e9 thu\u00d5 mu\u00e8i; r\u00bbng ng\u2212\u00eai n\u00abng d\u00a9n An Nam b\u00de h\u00b5nh h\u00d7nh v\u00f5a b\u00bbng l\u2212\u00eci l\u00aa c\u00f1a n\u00d2n v\u00a8n minh t\u2212 b\u00b6n ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca, v\u00f5a b\u00bbng c\u00a9y th\u00b8nh gi\u00b8 c\u00f1a H\u00e9i Th\u00b8nh \u00ae\u00dc b\u00eem. Nguy\u00d4n \u00b8i Qu\u00e8c B\u00b8o La Vie Ouvri\u00ccre, ng\u00b5y 4-1-1924.","250 T\u00d7nh c\u00b6nh n\u00abng d\u00a9n Trung Qu\u00e8c Trung Qu\u00e8c c\u00a8n b\u00b6n l\u00b5 m\u00e9t n\u2212\u00edc n\u00abng nghi\u00d6p, 85% s\u00e8 d\u00a9n l\u00b5 n\u00abng d\u00a9n. C\u00e3 th\u00d3 chia h\u00e4 ra l\u00b5m b\u00e8n h\u00b9ng: \u00ae\u00dea ch\u00f1 h\u00b9ng l\u00edn, \u00ae\u00dea ch\u00f1 h\u00b9ng v\u00f5a, ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00e3 \u00ddt ru\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00cat, b\u00c7n n\u00abng v\u00b5 c\u00e8 n\u00abng. Trong n\u2212\u00edc c\u00e3 t\u00f5 250 \u00ae\u00d5n 300 \u00ae\u00b9i \u00ae\u00dea ch\u00f1 h\u00b9ng l\u00edn c\u00e3 h\u00acn 10.000 m\u00c9u1) ru\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00cat. Ph\u00c7n nhi\u00d2u l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng quan to hay qu\u00fd t\u00e9c. Ch\u00f5ng \u00ae\u00e9 30.000 \u00ae\u00dea ch\u00f1 c\u00e3 h\u00acn 1.000 m\u00c9u v\u00b5 300.000 c\u00e3 h\u00acn 100 m\u00c9u. \u00a7\u00dea v\u00de x\u00b7 h\u00e9i c\u00f1a nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai ch\u00f1 s\u00eb h\u00f7u nh\u00e1 c\u00e3 t\u00f5 10 \u00ae\u00d5n 100 m\u00c9u th\u00d7 kh\u00b8 ph\u00f8c t\u00b9p v\u00b5 thay \u00ae\u00e6i lu\u00abn. C\u00f2ng c\u00e3 ch\u00f5ng \u00cay ru\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00cat, m\u00e9t ng\u2212\u00eai n\u00abng d\u00a9n c\u00e3 th\u00d3 l\u00b5 k\u00ce b\u00e3c l\u00e9t, l\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00de b\u00e3c l\u00e9t, ho\u00c6c l\u00b5 \\\"trung gian\\\". N\u00d5u gia \u00ae\u00d7nh c\u00e3 kh\u00b8 \u00ae\u00abng ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00d3 c\u00b5y c\u00cay l\u00cay ru\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00cat, th\u00d7 ng\u2212\u00eai n\u00abng d\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e3 tr\u00eb th\u00b5nh l\u00edp \\\"trung gian\\\". N\u00d5u gia \u00ae\u00d7nh neo ng\u2212\u00eai, ng\u2212\u00eai n\u00abng d\u00a9n \u00ae\u00b5nh bu\u00e9c ph\u00b6i cho thu\u00aa r\u00cf s\u00e8 ru\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00cat m\u00b5 anh ta kh\u00abng th\u00d3 l\u00b5m \u00ae\u2212\u00eec; th\u00d5 l\u00b5 anh tr\u00eb th\u00b5nh k\u00ce b\u00e3c l\u00e9t. N\u00d5u gia \u00ae\u00d7nh qu\u00b8 \u00ae\u00abng ng\u2212\u00eai m\u00b5 mu\u00e8n \u00ae\u00f1 chi d\u00efng, th\u00d7 ngo\u00b5i ru\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00cat c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh ra, ng\u2212\u00eai n\u00abng d\u00a9n c\u00dfn b\u00bet bu\u00e9c ph\u00b6i thu\u00aa th\u00aam ru\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00cat c\u00f1a ng\u2212\u00eai kh\u00b8c; th\u00d5 l\u00b5 anh ta b\u00de v\u00ab s\u00b6n ho\u00b8 v\u00b5 chuy\u00d3n th\u00b5nh ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00de b\u00e3c l\u00e9t. Theo t\u00b5i li\u00d6u c\u00f1a B\u00e9 Canh n\u00abng, th\u00d7 n\u00a8m 1918 c\u00e3 43.935.478 gia \u00ae\u00d7nh \u00eb trong t\u00d7nh tr\u00b9ng kh\u00abng \u00e6n \u00ae\u00denh \u00ae\u00e3. _______________ 1) C\u00b8c ch\u00f7 \u201cm\u00c9u\u201d trong nguy\u00aan b\u00b6n vi\u00d5t b\u00bbng ti\u00d5ng Vi\u00d6t (BT).","T\u00d7nh c\u00b6nh n\u00abng d\u00a9n trung qu\u00e8c 251 C\u00e3 hai l\u00e8i l\u00cay t\u00ab: t\u00ab \u00aeong v\u00b5 t\u00ab r\u00cf. Theo l\u00e8i th\u00f8 nh\u00cat, ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00e3 \u00ddt ru\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00cat hay ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00c7n n\u00abng l\u00dcnh canh ru\u00e9ng v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00e3ng m\u00e9t s\u00e8 ti\u00d2n t\u00ab n\u00b5o \u00ae\u00e3 trong m\u00e9t th\u00eai gian nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh. N\u00d5u \u00ae\u2212\u00eec m\u00efa th\u00d7 ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00dcnh canh c\u00f2ng ch\u00bcng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec d\u00abi ra l\u00b5 bao, v\u00d7 ng\u2212\u00eai ch\u00f1 ru\u00e9ng t\u00ddnh r\u00cat s\u00b8t v\u00b5 kh\u00abng bao gi\u00ea ch\u00deu thi\u00d6t c\u00b6. Tr\u00b8i l\u00b9i, n\u00d5u m\u00cat m\u00efa, th\u00d7 ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00dcnh canh b\u00de ho\u00b5n to\u00b5n ph\u00b8 s\u00b6n, c\u00dfn ng\u2212\u00eai ch\u00f1 th\u00d7 ch\u00bcng m\u00cat g\u00d7 c\u00b6. V\u00edi l\u00e8i l\u00cay t\u00ab r\u00cf, ng\u2212\u00eai ch\u00f1 ru\u00e9ng thu t\u00f5 35 \u00ae\u00d5n 50% hoa l\u00eei c\u00f1a m\u00e7i v\u00f4. V\u00d7 ch\u00d5 \u00ae\u00e9 ru\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00cat Trung Qu\u00e8c l\u00b5 ch\u00d5 \u00ae\u00e9 ph\u00a9n t\u00b8n t\u00f5ng m\u00b6nh, cho n\u00aan h\u00c7u h\u00d5t t\u00cat c\u00b6 m\u00e4i ng\u2212\u00eai n\u00abng d\u00a9n d\u00ef ngh\u00cco \u00ae\u00d5n \u00ae\u00a9u \u00aei n\u00f7a th\u00d7 tr\u2212\u00edc kia c\u00f2ng \u00ae\u00d2u c\u00e3 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec m\u00e9t m\u00b6nh \u00ae\u00cat \u00ae\u00d3 c\u00e3 th\u00d3 \\\"ki\u00d5m l\u00cay n\u00d0n h\u2212\u00acng c\u00f3ng t\u00e6 ti\u00aan\\\". Song, ng\u00b5y nay, r\u00cat nhi\u00d2u ng\u2212\u00eai tuy\u00d6t \u00ae\u00e8i kh\u00abng c\u00e3 g\u00d7, th\u00cbm ch\u00dd kh\u00abng c\u00e3 l\u00cay \\\"m\u00e9t mi\u00d5ng \u00ae\u00cat \u00ae\u00d3 c\u00bem d\u00efi\\\" n\u00f7a. H\u00e4 ch\u00d8 c\u00e3 hai c\u00b8nh tay kh\u00abng th\u00abi. Mu\u00e8n ki\u00d5m l\u00cay b\u00b8t c\u00acm, h\u00e4 \u00aei \u00eb hay \u00aei l\u00b5m m\u00efa. Nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai \u00aei l\u00b5m m\u00efa kh\u00abng c\u00e3 c\u00abng s\u00b8 nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh, c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng c\u00e3 vi\u00d6c l\u00b5m th\u2212\u00eang xuy\u00aan: h\u00d5t v\u00f4 g\u00c6t, h\u00e4 ra th\u00b5nh th\u00de l\u00b5m hay \u00aei ch\u00b5i l\u2212\u00edi. Nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00edn \u00aei \u00eb th\u00d7 h\u00bbng n\u00a8m ki\u00d5m \u00ae\u2212\u00eec m\u00e9t s\u00e8 ti\u00d2n t\u00ddnh ra kho\u00b6ng t\u00f5 25 \u00ae\u00d5n 40 \u00ae\u00abla, c\u00acm nu\u00abi v\u00b5 \u00b8o m\u00c6c; c\u00b8c tr\u00ce em \u00aei \u00eb ch\u00a8n tr\u00a9u b\u00df th\u00d7 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec t\u00f5 3 \u00ae\u00d5n 5 \u00ae\u00abla m\u00e9t n\u00a8m. S\u00f9 th\u00a9m nh\u00cbp c\u00f1a ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca t\u2212 b\u00b6n n\u2212\u00edc ngo\u00b5i l\u00b5m m\u00cat th\u00a8ng b\u00bbng gi\u00b8 c\u00b6 gi\u00f7a c\u00b8c h\u00b5ng ch\u00d5 bi\u00d5n v\u00b5 n\u00abng s\u00b6n ph\u00c8m. Ng\u2212\u00eai n\u00abng d\u00a9n lu\u00abn lu\u00abn b\u00bet bu\u00e9c ph\u00b6i b\u00b8n r\u00ce th\u00e3c l\u00f3a hay khoai c\u00f1a h\u00e4 \u00ae\u00d3 mua nh\u00f7ng d\u00f4ng c\u00f4 hi\u00d6n nay \u00ae\u00bet h\u00acn tr\u2212\u00edc kia r\u00cat nhi\u00d2u. Ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca t\u2212 b\u00b6n c\u00f2ng l\u00b5m cho ng\u2212\u00eai ch\u00f1 ru\u00e9ng m\u00cat c\u00b8i \u00ae\u00c7u \u00e3c t\u00cbp truy\u00d2n v\u00b5 gia tr\u2212\u00ebng v\u00b5 \u00aeem thay b\u00bbng t\u00ddnh h\u00b8m l\u00eei r\u00cat d\u00f7 t\u00een. C\u00e8 noi theo g\u2212\u00acng c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng nghi\u00d6p c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng \u00eb th\u00b5nh th\u00de, b\u00e4n \u00ae\u00dea ch\u00f1 t\u00d7m c\u00b8ch \u00ae\u00d3 ng\u00b5y c\u00b5ng n\u00bem \u00ae\u00e9c quy\u00d2n ru\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00cat. Nhi\u00d2u c\u00abng ty khai kh\u00c8n \u00ae\u00b7 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec th\u00b5nh l\u00cbp, bao g\u00e5m nh\u00f7ng \u00ae\u00cat \u00aeai v\u00ab c\u00efng r\u00e9ng l\u00edn, v\u00b5 h\u00cat m\u00e9t s\u00e8 l\u00edn ti\u00d3u n\u00abng ra ngo\u00b5i. Nh\u00f7ng c\u00abng ty nh\u2212 C\u00abng ty h\u00f7u h\u00b9n Phulilan c\u00e3 h\u00acn 300.000 m\u00c9u ru\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00cat.","252 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP L\u00f4t l\u00e9i, b\u00b7o t\u00b8p, n\u00b9n \u00ae\u00e3i, n\u00e9i chi\u00d5n \u00ae\u00d2u g\u00a9y ra c\u00b6nh c\u00efng kh\u00e6 cho n\u00abng d\u00a9n. B\u00e4n quan li\u00aau tham nh\u00f2ng c\u00f1a ch\u00d5 \u00ae\u00e9 quan l\u00b9i c\u00f2ng ch\u00deu ph\u00c7n tr\u00b8ch nhi\u00d6m g\u00a9y ra c\u00b6nh \u00ae\u00e3i kh\u00e6 \u00cay. Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 \u00ae\u00b7 l\u00cbp nh\u00f7ng tr\u00b9m th\u00dd nghi\u00d6m \u00ae\u00d3 t\u00d7m c\u00b8ch c\u00b6i ti\u00d5n n\u00abng nghi\u00d6p. Nh\u00f7ng c\u00ac quan \u00cay v\u00f5a th\u00b5nh l\u00cbp ra l\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b7 tr\u00eb ngay th\u00b5nh nh\u00f7ng mi\u00d5ng ph\u00e3 m\u00b8t cho b\u00e4n quan l\u00b9i, ch\u00f8 kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng c\u00ac quan \u00ae\u00d3 ph\u00f4c v\u00f4 nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n. M\u00e9t tai ho\u00b9 kh\u00b8c n\u00f7a l\u00b5 ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca qu\u00a9n phi\u00d6t. T\u00cat c\u00b6 b\u00e4n t\u2212\u00edng t\u00b8 l\u00edn nh\u00e1, ki\u00d3u Nap\u00abl\u00aa\u00abng, \u00ae\u00d2u l\u00b5m gi\u00b5u cho b\u00b6n th\u00a9n h\u00e4, l\u00b5m gi\u00b5u cho b\u00cc \u00ae\u00b6ng v\u00b5 cho b\u00e4n tay ch\u00a9n c\u00f1a h\u00e4, b\u00bbng m\u00e5 h\u00abi n\u2212\u00edc m\u00bet c\u00f1a n\u00abng d\u00a9n l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai h\u00b5ng n\u00a8m ph\u00b6i \u00ae\u00e3ng v\u00b5o kho\u00b6ng 225.000.000 \u00ae\u00abla. S\u2212u thu\u00d5 \u00ae\u00cc l\u00aan ng\u2212\u00eai ti\u00d3u n\u00abng n\u00c6ng n\u00d2 h\u00acn b\u00e4n gi\u00b5u c\u00e3, v\u00d7 b\u00e4n n\u00b5y ph\u00c7n nhi\u00d2u l\u00b5 vi\u00aan ch\u00f8c v\u00b5 b\u00b9n b\u00cc c\u00f1a b\u00e4n vi\u00aan ch\u00f8c. Sau h\u00d5t, ph\u2212\u00acng ph\u00b8p l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c c\u00e6 s\u00ac v\u00b5 n\u00d2n gi\u00b8o d\u00f4c l\u00b9c h\u00cbu l\u00b9i c\u00dfn l\u00b5m cho \u00ae\u00eai s\u00e8ng c\u00f1a qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng c\u00c7n lao c\u00b5ng th\u00aam c\u00f9c kh\u00e6. N\u00a8m 1918, h\u00acn 15.500.000 n\u00abng d\u00a9n v\u00b5 th\u00ee thuy\u00d2n \u00ae\u00b7 b\u00e1 n\u00abng th\u00abn ra th\u00b5nh th\u00de, l\u00b5m cho s\u00e8 ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00de b\u00e3c l\u00e9t v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b9o qu\u00a9n th\u00cat nghi\u00d6p \u00eb th\u00b5nh th\u00de t\u00a8ng l\u00aan. Mu\u00e8n xo\u00b8 b\u00e1 t\u00cat c\u00b6 nh\u00f7ng \u00aei\u00d2u \u00ae\u00e3, c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd Trung Qu\u00e8c c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng ta ph\u00b6i ti\u00d5n h\u00b5nh m\u00b9nh m\u00cf m\u00e9t cu\u00e9c v\u00cbn \u00ae\u00e9ng kh\u00c8n tr\u2212\u00acng \u00ae\u00d3 gi\u00b8o d\u00f4c qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng, l\u00b5m cho qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng th\u00cay th\u00cbt r\u00e2 s\u00f8c m\u00b9nh c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh, quy\u00d2n l\u00eei c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh, v\u00b5 c\u00e3 \u00ae\u00f1 kh\u00b6 n\u00a8ng th\u00f9c hi\u00d6n \u00ae\u2212\u00eec kh\u00c8u hi\u00d6u \\\"T\u00cat c\u00b6 ru\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00cat v\u00d2 tay n\u00abng d\u00a9n\\\". Nguy\u00d4n \u00b8i Qu\u00e8c B\u00b8o La Vie Ouvri\u00ccre, ng\u00b5y 4-1-1924.","253 Phong tr\u00b5o c\u00abng nh\u00a9n \u00eb Vi\u00d4n \u00a7\u00abng \u00a4xaca l\u00b5 m\u00e9t trong nh\u00f7ng trung t\u00a9m c\u00abng nghi\u00d6p l\u00edn c\u00f1a n\u2212\u00edc Nh\u00cbt, kh\u00abng b\u00de thi\u00d6t h\u00b9i g\u00d7 trong n\u00b9n \u00ae\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00cat v\u00f5a qua. Tai h\u00e4a c\u00f1a nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai Nh\u00cbt kh\u00b8c \u00ae\u00b7 t\u00b9o n\u00aan h\u00b9nh ph\u00f3c cho b\u00e4n ch\u00f1 nh\u00b5 m\u00b8y \u00eb th\u00b5nh ph\u00e8 n\u00b5y, hi\u00d6n nay ch\u00f3ng \u00aeang ph\u00b8t t\u00b5i ch\u2212a t\u00f5ng th\u00cay. Th\u00d5 m\u00b5 ti\u00d2n l\u2212\u00acng c\u00f1a c\u00abng nh\u00a9n v\u00c9n gi\u00f7 nguy\u00aan nh\u2212 m\u00f8c tr\u2212\u00edc khi x\u00b6y ra tai h\u00e4a \u00ae\u00e3, m\u00c6c d\u00ef gi\u00b8 sinh ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00b7 t\u00a8ng l\u00aan kh\u00abng k\u00d0m ph\u00c7n nhanh ch\u00e3ng, \u00b6nh h\u2212\u00ebng n\u00c6ng n\u00d2 \u00ae\u00d5n t\u00f3i ti\u00d2n \u00ddt \u00e1i c\u00f1a c\u00abng nh\u00a9n. B\u00de l\u00a9m v\u00b5o t\u00d7nh c\u00b6nh kh\u00abng th\u00d3 ch\u00deu n\u00e6i \u00cay v\u00b5 tr\u2212\u00edc s\u00f9 t\u00f5 ch\u00e8i c\u00f1a b\u00e4n ch\u00f1 kh\u00abng ch\u00deu th\u00f9c hi\u00d6n nh\u00f7ng y\u00aau s\u00b8ch c\u00b6i thi\u00d6n \u00ae\u00eai s\u00e8ng, c\u00abng nh\u00a9n c\u00b8c x\u2212\u00ebng b\u00abng v\u00b6i \u00ae\u00b7 \u00ae\u00d7nh c\u00abng t\u00f5 cu\u00e8i th\u00b8ng 11. C\u00b8c y\u00aau s\u00b8ch n\u00aau ra l\u00b5: 1. T\u00a8ng l\u2212\u00acng th\u00aam 20%; 2. Gi\u00b6m gi\u00b8 nh\u00f7ng th\u00f9c ph\u00c8m do nh\u00b5 m\u00b8y cung c\u00cap; 3. C\u00b6i thi\u00d6n nh\u00b5 \u00a8n v\u00b5 bu\u00e5ng t\u00bem; 4. Tr\u00b6 n\u00f6a l\u2212\u00acng cho c\u00b8c c\u00abng nh\u00a9n v\u00d7 \u00e8m \u00aeau kh\u00abng \u00aei l\u00b5m \u00ae\u2212\u00eec; 5. Thu nh\u00cbn l\u00b9i nh\u00f7ng c\u00abng nh\u00a9n v\u00f5a m\u00edi b\u00de \u00aeu\u00e6i. Tr\u2212\u00edc \u00ae\u00a9y \u00ddt l\u00a9u, c\u00abng nh\u00a9n c\u00b8c c\u00abng ty \\\"Gai Vi\u00d4n \u00a7\u00abng\\\" v\u00b5 \\\"Nag\u00abxai\\\" do \u00ae\u00d7nh c\u00abng m\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b7 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec t\u00a8ng l\u2212\u00acng. C\u00abng nh\u00a9n \u00eb c\u00abng ty \\\"Xensu\\\" c\u00f2ng \u00ae\u00b7 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec t\u00a8ng l\u2212\u00acng ngay sau khi g\u00f6i b\u00b6n quy\u00d5t ngh\u00de \u00ae\u00d7nh c\u00abng cho ban gi\u00b8m \u00ae\u00e8c. C\u00b8c c\u00abng ty kh\u00b8c th\u00d7 ch\u00e8ng l\u00b9i. H\u00e4 l\u00cay c\u00ed r\u00bbng, tuy c\u00e3 r\u00cat nhi\u00d2u \u00ae\u00acn \u00ae\u00c6t h\u00b5ng \u00ae\u00cay, nh\u2212ng h\u00e4 c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec l\u00eai l\u00b7i g\u00d7 nhi\u00d2u l\u00bem, v\u00d7 gi\u00b8 nguy\u00aan li\u00d6u \u00ae\u00b7 t\u00a8ng l\u00aan; v\u00b5","254 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP n\u00e3i r\u00bbng m\u00c6t kh\u00b8c, v\u00d7 kh\u00abng c\u00e3 \u00ae\u00f1 b\u00abng x\u00ac n\u00aan h\u00e4 ch\u00bcng ch\u00f3t g\u00d7 lo ng\u00b9i \u00ae\u00d7nh c\u00abng c\u00b6. Th\u00f9c ra, h\u00e4 \u00aeang s\u00ee cu\u00e8ng l\u00aan. H\u00e4 \u00ae\u00b7 cho c\u00b6nh s\u00b8t \u00ae\u00dea ph\u2212\u00acng, \u00ae\u00e5ng th\u00eai g\u00e4i c\u00b6 c\u00b6nh s\u00b8t \u00eb c\u00b8c th\u00b5nh ph\u00e8 l\u00a9n c\u00cbn \u00ae\u00d5n \u00ae\u00e3ng ngay trong th\u00b5nh ph\u00e8. H\u00e4 \u00ae\u00b7 cho b\u00bet T\u00e6ng th\u2212 k\u00fd Li\u00aan \u00aeo\u00b5n lao \u00ae\u00e9ng v\u00b5 m\u00e9t s\u00e8 l\u00edn c\u00b8n b\u00e9 c\u00efng nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai \u00aei bi\u00d3u t\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00d3 h\u00dfng l\u00b5m y\u00d5u phong tr\u00b5o. M\u2212u toan c\u00f1a b\u00e4n ch\u00f1 ch\u00bcng \u00ae\u00b9t k\u00d5t qu\u00b6 g\u00d7, v\u00d7 cu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00d7nh c\u00abng v\u00c9n \u00ae\u2212\u00eec l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o ki\u00aan quy\u00d5t nh\u2212 h\u00abm m\u00edi \u00ae\u00c7u, v\u00b5 c\u00abng nh\u00a9n th\u00d7 quy\u00d5t t\u00a9m \u00ae\u00cau tranh \u00ae\u00d5n c\u00efng. Anh em th\u00ee \u00aei\u00d6n v\u00b5 th\u00ee m\u00b8y \u00ae\u00b7 tuy\u00aan b\u00e8 \u00ae\u00d7nh c\u00abng h\u2212\u00ebng \u00f8ng. C\u00abng nh\u00a9n c\u00b8c c\u00abng x\u2212\u00ebng Nh\u00b5 n\u2212\u00edc h\u00f8a s\u00cf d\u00efng \u00ae\u00f1 m\u00e4i c\u00b8ch \u00ae\u00d3 \u00f1ng h\u00e9 c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd c\u00f1a h\u00e4 \u00aeang \u00ae\u00cau tranh. \u00a7\u2212\u00eec \u00f1ng h\u00e9 nh\u2212 th\u00d5, n\u00aan nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00d7nh c\u00abng \u00ae\u00d2u h\u00d5t s\u00f8c h\u00a8ng h\u00b8i v\u00b5 tin ch\u00bec s\u00cf nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh th\u00beng l\u00eei. Trong cu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00cau tranh gi\u00f7a t\u2212 b\u00b6n v\u00b5 lao \u00ae\u00e9ng \u00eb Vi\u00d4n \u00a7\u00abng, c\u00e3 nh\u00f7ng chuy\u00d6n th\u00f3 v\u00de m\u00b5 \u00eb ph\u2212\u00acng T\u00a9y ng\u2212\u00eai ta s\u00cf kh\u00abng hi\u00d3u \u00ae\u2212\u00eec, nh\u2212ng \u00eb \u00ae\u00a9y l\u00b9i l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng chuy\u00d6n ho\u00b5n to\u00b5n c\u00e3 th\u00f9c. Ch\u00bcng h\u00b9n nh\u2212, mu\u00e8n ng\u00a8n c\u00b6n kh\u00abng cho c\u00abng nh\u00a9n li\u00aan k\u00d5t v\u00edi c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd c\u00f1a h\u00e4 \u00aeang \u00ae\u00cau tranh, C\u00abng ty Kisioa\u00aea \u00ae\u00b7 cho kho\u00b8 ch\u00c6t c\u00b8c c\u00f6a ra v\u00b5o. Nh\u00b5 m\u00b8y C\u00acnaoa\u00aea ch\u00d5 t\u00b9o c\u00b8c m\u00b8y \u00aei\u00d6n, kh\u00abng th\u00d3 tho\u00b6 thu\u00cbn \u00ae\u2212\u00eec v\u00edi c\u00abng nh\u00a9n vi\u00aan c\u00f1a h\u00e4 v\u00d2 v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 c\u00abng s\u00b8, n\u00aan \u00ae\u00b7 quy\u00d5t \u00ae\u00denh cho ngh\u00d8 vi\u00d6c. Nh\u2212ng tr\u2212\u00edc khi th\u00b6i c\u00abng nh\u00a9n, nh\u00b5 m\u00b8y \u00ae\u00e3 \u00ae\u00b7 tr\u00b6 h\u00e4 \u00ae\u00f1 b\u00e8n ng\u00b5y c\u00abng v\u00b5 ti\u00d2n ph\u00f4 c\u00cap trong hai tu\u00c7n! \u00a7\u00d7nh c\u00abng ch\u00e8ng ch\u00d5 \u00ae\u00e9 qu\u00a9n phi\u00d6t. \u00a7\u00d3 ph\u00b8 v\u00ec t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c c\u00f1a c\u00abng nh\u00a9n v\u00f5a m\u00edi g\u00a9y d\u00f9ng l\u00aan, b\u00e4n ch\u00f1 c\u00b8c h\u00c7m m\u00e1 \u00eb Suicaosun (Trung Qu\u00e8c), \u00ae\u00b7 cho \u00aei\u00d2u binh l\u00ddnh c\u00f1a t\u2212\u00edng Chao \u00ae\u00d5n. B\u00e4n n\u00b5y v\u00f5a t\u00edi n\u00aci l\u00b5 chi\u00d5m \u00ae\u00e3ng ngay c\u00a9u l\u00b9c b\u00e9 c\u00f1a c\u00abng nh\u00a9n. \u00a7\u00d3 ch\u00e8ng l\u00b9i h\u00b5nh \u00ae\u00e9ng b\u00b9o ng\u2212\u00eec \u00ae\u00e3, ba ngh\u00d7n th\u00ee m\u00e1 \u00ae\u00b7 t\u00f9 \u00ae\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00d7nh c\u00abng. H\u00e4 bao v\u00a9y b\u00e4n l\u00ddnh v\u00b5 t\u00d7m c\u00b8ch t\u2212\u00edc v\u00f2 kh\u00dd c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng. B\u00e4n l\u00ddnh n\u00e6 s\u00f3ng, l\u00b5m b\u00de th\u2212\u00acng nhi\u00d2u","Phong tr\u00b5o c\u00abng nh\u00a9n \u00eb vi\u00d4n \u00ae\u00abng 255 ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00d7nh c\u00abng. T\u00d7nh h\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00b7 di\u00d4n ra qu\u00b8 \u00fd mu\u00e8n c\u00f1a b\u00e4n ch\u00f1 v\u00b5 ch\u00f3ng hi\u00d6n \u00aeang ra c\u00abng d\u00b5n x\u00d5p cho \u00e6n. Nh\u2212ng anh em th\u00ee m\u00e1 \u00ae\u00b7 tr\u00b6 l\u00eai r\u00bbng h\u00e4 ch\u00d8 tr\u00eb l\u00b9i l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c khi n\u00b5o nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00de n\u00b9n \u00ae\u00b7 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec b\u00e5i th\u2212\u00eang v\u00b5 c\u00b8c y\u00aau s\u00b8ch c\u00f1a h\u00e4 - g\u00e5m 9 \u00aei\u00d2u - \u00ae\u00b7 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec tho\u00b6 m\u00b7n. Nguy\u00d4n \u00b8i Qu\u00e8c B\u00b8o La Vie Ouvri\u00ccre, ng\u00b5y 25-1-1924.","256 L\u00aanin v\u00b5 c\u00b8c d\u00a9n t\u00e9c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea \\\"L\u00aanin \u00ae\u00b7 m\u00cat!\\\". Tin n\u00b5y \u00ae\u00d5n v\u00edi m\u00e4i ng\u2212\u00eai nh\u2212 s\u00d0t \u00ae\u00b8nh ngang tai, truy\u00d2n \u00aei kh\u00bep c\u00b8c b\u00d7nh nguy\u00aan ph\u00d7 nhi\u00aau \u00eb ch\u00a9u Phi v\u00b5 c\u00b8c c\u00b8nh \u00ae\u00e5ng xanh t\u2212\u00aci \u00eb ch\u00a9u \u00b8. \u00a7\u00f3ng, nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai da \u00aeen v\u00b5 da v\u00b5ng c\u00e3 th\u00d3 ch\u2212a bi\u00d5t r\u00e2 L\u00aanin l\u00b5 ai, n\u2212\u00edc Nga \u00eb \u00ae\u00a9u. B\u00e4n \u00ae\u00d5 qu\u00e8c th\u00f9c d\u00a9n c\u00e8 \u00fd b\u2212ng b\u00ddt kh\u00abng cho h\u00e4 bi\u00d5t. S\u00f9 ngu d\u00e8t l\u00b5 m\u00e9t trong nh\u00f7ng ch\u00e7 d\u00f9a ch\u00f1 y\u00d5u c\u00f1a ch\u00d5 \u00ae\u00e9 t\u2212 b\u00b6n ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca. Nh\u2212ng t\u00cat c\u00b6 h\u00e4, t\u00f5 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai n\u00abng d\u00a9n An Nam \u00ae\u00d5n ng\u2212\u00eai d\u00a9n s\u00a8n b\u00ben trong c\u00b8c r\u00f5ng \u00a7ah\u00abm\u00a9y, c\u00f2ng \u00ae\u00b7 th\u00c7m nghe n\u00e3i r\u00bbng \u00eb m\u00e9t g\u00e3c tr\u00eai xa x\u00a8m c\u00e3 m\u00e9t d\u00a9n t\u00e9c \u00ae\u00b7 \u00ae\u00b8nh \u00aeu\u00e6i \u00ae\u2212\u00eec b\u00e4n ch\u00f1 b\u00e3c l\u00e9t h\u00e4 v\u00b5 hi\u00d6n \u00aeang t\u00f9 qu\u00b6n l\u00fd l\u00cay \u00ae\u00cat n\u2212\u00edc m\u00d7nh m\u00b5 kh\u00abng c\u00c7n t\u00edi b\u00e4n ch\u00f1 v\u00b5 b\u00e4n to\u00b5n quy\u00d2n. H\u00e4 c\u00f2ng \u00ae\u00b7 nghe n\u00e3i r\u00bbng n\u2212\u00edc \u00ae\u00e3 g\u00e4i l\u00b5 n\u2212\u00edc Nga, r\u00bbng c\u00e3 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai d\u00f2ng c\u00b6m, m\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai d\u00f2ng c\u00b6m nh\u00cat l\u00b5 L\u00aanin. Ch\u00d8 nh\u2212 th\u00d5 c\u00f2ng \u00ae\u00f1 l\u00b5m cho h\u00e4 ng\u2212\u00ecng m\u00e9 s\u00a9u s\u00bec v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00c7y nhi\u00d6t t\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi n\u2212\u00edc \u00ae\u00e3 v\u00b5 l\u00b7nh t\u00f4 c\u00f1a n\u2212\u00edc \u00ae\u00e3. Nh\u2212ng kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i ch\u00d8 c\u00e3 th\u00d5. H\u00e4 c\u00dfn \u00ae\u2212\u00eec bi\u00d5t r\u00bbng ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b7nh t\u00f4 v\u00dc \u00ae\u00b9i n\u00b5y sau khi gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n m\u00d7nh, c\u00dfn mu\u00e8n gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng c\u00b8c d\u00a9n t\u00e9c kh\u00b8c n\u00f7a. Ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00b7 k\u00aau g\u00e4i c\u00b8c d\u00a9n t\u00e9c da tr\u00beng gi\u00f3p \u00ae\u00ec c\u00b8c d\u00a9n t\u00e9c da v\u00b5ng v\u00b5 da \u00aeen tho\u00b8t kh\u00e1i \u00b8ch \u00b8p b\u00f8c c\u00f1a b\u00e4n rumi1), c\u00f1a t\u00cat c\u00b6 b\u00e4n rumi: to\u00b5n quy\u00d2n, c\u00abng s\u00f8, v.v.. V\u00b5 \u00ae\u00d3 th\u00f9c hi\u00d6n m\u00f4c \u00ae\u00ddch \u00cay, Ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00b7 v\u00b9ch ra m\u00e9t c\u2212\u00acng l\u00dcnh c\u00f4 th\u00d3. L\u00f3c \u00ae\u00c7u h\u00e4 t\u2212\u00ebng l\u00b5 tr\u00aan \u00ae\u00eai kh\u00abng th\u00d3 c\u00e3 m\u00e9t ng\u2212\u00eai nh\u2212 th\u00d5 _______________ 1) Ti\u00d5ng Ar\u00cbp, ngh\u00dca l\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai n\u2212\u00edc ngo\u00b5i, k\u00ce \u00aei n\u00ab d\u00dech (BT).","L\u00aanin v\u00b5 c\u00b8c d\u00a9n t\u00e9c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea 257 v\u00b5 c\u2212\u00acng l\u00dcnh nh\u2212 th\u00d5 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec. Nh\u2212ng v\u00d2 sau h\u00e4 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec bi\u00d5t tin, tuy l\u00ea m\u00ea v\u00d2 \u00ae\u00b6ng c\u00e9ng s\u00b6n, v\u00d2 t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c g\u00e4i l\u00b5 Qu\u00e8c t\u00d5 C\u00e9ng s\u00b6n \u00aeang \u00ae\u00cau tranh v\u00d7 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00de b\u00e3c l\u00e9t, v\u00d7 t\u00cat c\u00b6 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00de b\u00e3c l\u00e9t, trong \u00ae\u00e3 c\u00e3 c\u00b6 h\u00e4 n\u00f7a, h\u00e4 bi\u00d5t r\u00bbng ch\u00ddnh L\u00aanin l\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c n\u00b5y. V\u00b5 ch\u00d8 nh\u2212 th\u00d5 c\u00f2ng \u00ae\u00f1 \u00ae\u00d3 cho nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00e3 tuy v\u00a8n ho\u00b8 k\u00d0m c\u00e1i nh\u2212ng l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00e3 thi\u00d6n ch\u00dd v\u00b5 bi\u00d5t \u00acn, h\u00d5t l\u00dfng t\u00abn k\u00ddnh L\u00aanin. H\u00e4 coi L\u00aanin l\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng cho h\u00e4. L\u00aanin \u00ae\u00b7 m\u00cat r\u00e5i th\u00d7 ch\u00f3ng ta bi\u00d5t l\u00b5m th\u00d5 n\u00b5o? Li\u00d6u c\u00e3 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai d\u00f2ng c\u00b6m v\u00b5 r\u00e9ng l\u2212\u00eeng nh\u2212 L\u00aanin \u00ae\u00d3 kh\u00abng qu\u00b6n th\u00eai gian v\u00b5 s\u00f8c l\u00f9c ch\u00a8m lo \u00ae\u00d5n s\u00f9 nghi\u00d6p gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng ta kh\u00abng? \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng \u00aei\u00d2u m\u00b5 qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n b\u00de \u00b8p b\u00f8c \u00eb c\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea b\u00a8n kho\u00a8n t\u00f9 h\u00e1i. C\u00dfn ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi, nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00e9ng s\u00b6n, nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai sinh ra \u00eb c\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea, ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi v\u00ab c\u00efng \u00aeau \u00ae\u00edn tr\u2212\u00edc s\u00f9 t\u00e6n th\u00cat kh\u00abng th\u00d3 n\u00b5o \u00ae\u00d2n b\u00ef \u00ae\u2212\u00eec v\u00b5 chia s\u00ce n\u00e7i bu\u00e5n chung c\u00f1a nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc v\u00edi nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai anh ng\u2212\u00eai ch\u00de c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi. Song ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi tin t\u2212\u00ebng r\u00bbng Qu\u00e8c t\u00d5 C\u00e9ng s\u00b6n v\u00b5 c\u00b8c ph\u00a9n b\u00e9 c\u00f1a n\u00e3, trong \u00ae\u00e3 c\u00e3 c\u00b8c chi b\u00e9 \u00eb c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea, s\u00cf th\u00f9c hi\u00d6n \u00ae\u2212\u00eec nh\u00f7ng b\u00b5i h\u00e4c v\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng l\u00eai gi\u00b8o hu\u00can m\u00b5 v\u00de l\u00b7nh t\u00f4 \u00ae\u00b7 \u00ae\u00d3 l\u00b9i cho ch\u00f3ng ta. L\u00b5m nh\u00f7ng \u00aei\u00d2u m\u00b5 Ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00b7 c\u00a8n d\u00c6n ch\u00f3ng ta, \u00ae\u00e3 ch\u00bcng ph\u00b6i l\u00b5 ph\u2212\u00acng ph\u00b8p t\u00e8t nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00d3 t\u00e1 t\u00d7nh y\u00aau m\u00d5n c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng ta \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi Ng\u2212\u00eai hay sao? Khi c\u00dfn s\u00e8ng, Ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai cha, th\u00c7y h\u00e4c, \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd v\u00b5 c\u00e8 v\u00can c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng ta. Ng\u00b5y nay, Ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b5 ng\u00abi sao s\u00b8ng ch\u00d8 \u00ae\u2212\u00eang cho ch\u00f3ng ta \u00aei t\u00edi cu\u00e9c c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng x\u00b7 h\u00e9i. L\u00aanin b\u00cat di\u00d6t s\u00cf s\u00e8ng m\u00b7i trong s\u00f9 nghi\u00d6p c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng ta. Nguy\u00d4n \u00b8i Qu\u00e8c (\u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng) B\u00b8o Prav\u00aea, ti\u00d5ng Nga, ng\u00b5y 27-1-1924.","258 \u00a4ng Anbe Xar\u00ab v\u00b5 b\u00b6n Tuy\u00aan ng\u00abn nh\u00a9n quy\u00d2n Ch\u00ddnh v\u00d7 quy\u00d2n con ng\u2212\u00eai m\u00b5 h\u00b5ng tri\u00d6u con ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00b7 b\u00de gi\u00d5t h\u00b9i trong th\u00eai \u00ae\u00b9i chi\u00d5n. C\u00b8i quy\u00d2n m\u00b5 h\u00e4 \u00ae\u00b7 hy sinh v\u00d7 n\u00e3, c\u00efng v\u00edi nh\u00f7ng x\u00b8c ch\u00d5t th\u00b6m th\u2212\u00acng c\u00f1a h\u00e4, nay b\u00de v\u00efi s\u00a9u v\u00b5o l\u00b7ng qu\u00aan. H\u00e5i \u00ae\u00e3, c\u00b8c ch\u00ddnh kh\u00b8ch c\u00dfn g\u00b5o to h\u00acn c\u00b6 ti\u00d5ng \u00ae\u00b9i b\u00b8c cho kh\u00bep b\u00e8n ph\u2212\u00acng g\u00c7m tr\u00eai nghe: quy\u00d2n! quy\u00d2n! quy\u00d2n! Nh\u2212ng l\u00cbp t\u00f8c, sau khi cu\u00e9c ch\u00d0m gi\u00d5t \u00ae\u00b7 ch\u00cam d\u00f8t, l\u00cbp t\u00f8c sau khi tai ho\u00b9 \u00ae\u00b7 qua, th\u00d7 kh\u00abng c\u00dfn ai nghe th\u00cay n\u00e3i \u00ae\u00d5n c\u00b8i con v\u00cbt \u00cay n\u00f7a. \u00eb V\u00d0cx\u00a9y, \u00eb Gi\u00acnev\u00ac, \u00eb Bul\u00abnh\u00ac c\u00f2ng nh\u2212 \u00eb Oasinht\u00acn quy\u00d2n con ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00b7 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec thay th\u00d5 b\u00bbng than \u00aeen, than \u00ae\u00b8, d\u00c7u ho\u00b6, thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea. M\u00e9t c\u00b8i quy\u00d2n kh\u00b8c ra \u00ae\u00eai, d\u2212\u00edi m\u00e9t d\u00b9ng kh\u00b8c, c\u00dfn x\u00cau xa h\u00acn, gh\u00aa t\u00ebm h\u00acn: quy\u00d2n c\u00f1a k\u00ce m\u00b9nh. B\u00bbng c\u00b8i quy\u00d2n n\u00b5y ng\u2212\u00eai ta mu\u00e8n hu\u00fb di\u00d6t n\u2212\u00edc Nga c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng. B\u00bbng c\u00b8i quy\u00d2n n\u00b5y ng\u2212\u00eai ta mu\u00e8n bi\u00d5n n\u2212\u00edc \u00a7\u00f8c th\u00b5nh m\u00e9t ngh\u00dca \u00ae\u00dea v\u00b5 m\u00e9t b\u00b7i hoang. B\u00bbng c\u00b8i quy\u00d2n n\u00b5y ng\u2212\u00eai ta t\u00d7m c\u00b8ch chia nhau Trung Qu\u00e8c. V\u00b5 c\u00f2ng b\u00bbng c\u00b8i quy\u00d2n n\u00b5y ng\u2212\u00eai ta d\u00d7m th\u00cbt s\u00a9u nh\u00f7ng d\u00a9n c\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea v\u00b5o v\u00dfng n\u00ab l\u00d6, nh\u00f7ng thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea, v\u00d7 b\u00b6o v\u00d6 quy\u00d2n con ng\u2212\u00eai, \u00ae\u00b7 c\u00e8ng hi\u00d5n 978.000 con em m\u00d7nh, trong s\u00e8 \u00ae\u00e3 340.000 \u00ae\u00b7 b\u00e1 m\u00d7nh tr\u00aan chi\u00d5n \u00ae\u00dea, nh\u00f7ng thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea m\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai ta b\u00dfn r\u00f3t \u00ae\u00d5n t\u00cbn x\u2212\u00acng tu\u00fb \u00ae\u00d3 \\\"v\u00b7n h\u00e5i s\u00f9 th\u00denh v\u2212\u00eeng c\u00f1a m\u00c9u qu\u00e8c\\\", nh\u00f7ng thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea m\u00b5 ng\u00b5y nay ng\u2212\u00eai ta c\u00dfn l\u00cay \u00aei 300.000 con em tr\u00ce trung nh\u00cat, tr\u00f4 c\u00e9t c\u2212\u00eang tr\u00b8ng nh\u00cat, \u00ae\u00d3 l\u00b5m m\u00e5i d\u00f9 tr\u00f7 cho \u00ae\u00b9i b\u00b8c trong cu\u00e9c chi\u00d5n tranh r\u00e5i s\u00cf t\u00edi v\u00d7 quy\u00d2n con ng\u2212\u00eai.","\u00abng anbe xar\u00ab v\u00b5 b\u00b6n tuy\u00aan ng\u00abn nh\u00a9n quy\u00d2n 259 D\u00ef r\u00bbng s\u00f9 th\u00f9c \u00aeau l\u00dfng nh\u2212 v\u00cby, nh\u2212ng th\u00d5 gi\u00edi r\u00e5i c\u00f2ng quen \u00aei v\u00edi c\u00b8i tri\u00d5t l\u00fd, c\u00b8i t\u00ddnh tr\u00d7 \u00ae\u00e9n v\u00e8n d\u00dc, m\u00e7i khi ng\u2212\u00eai ta khu\u00cay l\u00aan c\u00b8i t\u2212 t\u2212\u00ebng \u00ae\u00denh m\u00d6nh c\u00f1a n\u00e3. \u00a7\u00b7 th\u00d5, \u00abng Anbe Xar\u00ab, B\u00e9 tr\u2212\u00ebng B\u00e9 Thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea, l\u00b7nh t\u00f4 b\u00b6o v\u00d6 quy\u00d2n ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00b6n x\u00f8 \u00eb thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea, l\u00b9i c\u00dfn, v\u00edi c\u00b8i gi\u00e4ng l\u2212\u00eci b\u00cat kh\u00b6 tri c\u00f1a \u00abng v\u00f5a x\u00edi l\u00aan c\u00b8i t\u00ddnh cu\u00e5ng t\u00ddn c\u00f1a b\u00e4n \\\"m\u00e4i\\\" c\u00f1a \u00abng. Mu\u00e8n cho b\u00b5i di\u00d4n v\u00a8n c\u00f1a \u00abng \u00eb Tr\u2212\u00eang thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea \u00ae\u2212\u00eec n\u00e6i l\u00aan h\u00acn n\u00f7a sau khi \u00ae\u00b7 bi\u00d3u di\u00d4n v\u00c9n nh\u00f7ng m\u00f3a may k\u00dech t\u00ddnh c\u00f1a \u00abng, v\u00c9n c\u00b8i ng\u00abn phong k\u00aau v\u00b5 r\u00e7ng tu\u00d5ch c\u00f1a \u00abng, v\u00c9n nh\u00f7ng s\u00b8o ng\u00f7 c\u00f2 r\u00ddch l\u00c6p \u00aei l\u00c6p l\u00b9i c\u00f1a \u00abng n\u00e3 \u00aei \u00ae\u00d5n ch\u00e7 (...)1) c\u00f1a nh\u00f7ng k\u00ce b\u00e3c l\u00e9t v\u00b5 \u00b8p b\u00f8c t\u2212\u00acng lai \u00eb c\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea. B\u00b6n Tuy\u00aan ng\u00abn nh\u00a9n quy\u00d2n, nh\u00b5 \u00b6o thu\u00cbt tu t\u00f5 h\u00e4c n\u00b5y, h\u00abm \u00ae\u00e3, ch\u00bec l\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b7 ho\u00b5n to\u00b5n lo\u00b9n th\u00c7n kinh. Tr\u2212\u00edc \u00abng v\u00b5 c\u00f2ng nh\u2212 \u00abng th\u00abi, ng\u2212\u00eai ta \u00ae\u00b7 t\u00f5ng che \u00ae\u00cby nh\u00f7ng t\u00e9i \u00b8c, nh\u00f7ng v\u00f4 xo\u00b8y, nh\u00f7ng v\u00f4 t\u00b5n s\u00b8t d\u2212\u00edi c\u00b8i \u00b8o kho\u00b8c khai ho\u00b8 hay d\u2212\u00edi danh ngh\u00dca quy\u00d2n con ng\u2212\u00eai, nh\u2212ng ng\u2212\u00eai ta c\u00dfn l\u00b5m nh\u00f7ng vi\u00d6c \u00ae\u00e3 v\u00edi m\u00e9t s\u00f9 d\u00cc d\u00c6t n\u00b5o \u00ae\u00e3, v\u00edi m\u00e9t ch\u00f3t li\u00aam s\u00d8 n\u00b5o \u00ae\u00e3. \u00a7\u00bbng n\u00b5y c\u00b8i con ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00f1a r\u2212\u00eeu v\u00b5 thu\u00e8c phi\u00d6n \u00cay, c\u00b8i \u00ab che cho nh\u00f7ng b\u00a8ng c\u00f1a Phu\u00e8c v\u00b5 c\u00f1a B\u00ab\u00aeoanh \u00cay, tr\u00ac tr\u00cfn tuy\u00d6t v\u00eai, l\u00b9i \u00ae\u00b7 n\u00e3i \u00ae\u00d5n b\u00b6n v\u00a8n thi\u00aang li\u00aang nh\u00cat, cao qu\u00fd nh\u00cat c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b9i c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng Ph\u00b8p. Kh\u00abng c\u00dfn l\u00b5 m\u00e9t s\u00f9 gi\u00b6 nh\u00a9n gi\u00b6 ngh\u00dca n\u00f7a. \u00a7\u00a9y l\u00b5 m\u00e9t t\u00e9i \u00ae\u00b9i b\u00cat k\u00ddnh. .............................................2) . Ngh\u00dc cho c\u00efng, c\u00e3 khi t\u00abi \u00ae\u00b7 m\u00bec sai l\u00c7m kh\u00abng nh\u00cbn ra t\u00cam l\u00dfng cao c\u00b6 v\u00b5 tinh th\u00c7n qu\u00b6ng \u00ae\u00b9i c\u00f1a ng\u00b5i B\u00e9 tr\u2212\u00ebng c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng ta. Bi\u00d5t \u00ae\u00a9u \u00ae\u00cay, khi nh\u00bec l\u00b9i b\u00b6n Tuy\u00aan ng\u00abn \u00ae\u00b7 l\u00b5m cho C\u00e9ng ho\u00b5 Ph\u00b8p b\u00cat t\u00f6, \u00abng Anbe Xar\u00ab l\u00b9i ch\u00b6 mu\u00e8n d\u00efng m\u00e9t chi\u00d5n thu\u00cbt \u00ae\u2212\u00eang v\u00dfng \u00ae\u00d3 nh\u00bec nh\u00eb d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng c\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea tr\u00eb v\u00d2 v\u00edi _______________ 1) B\u00b8o Le Paria b\u00b6n g\u00e8c, l\u2212u \u00eb Th\u2212 vi\u00d6n qu\u00e8c gia Ph\u00b8p, k\u00fd hi\u00d6u BN.Jo 35859, b\u00de r\u00b8ch m\u00cat m\u00e9t s\u00e8 ch\u00f7 \u00eb 5 d\u00dfng li\u00d2n nhau. Ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi ch\u2212a t\u00d7m \u00ae\u2212\u00eec t\u00ea l\u00b5nh c\u00e3 \u00ae\u00f1 ch\u00f7 \u00ae\u00d3 b\u00e6 sung (BT). 2) D\u00dfng ch\u00cam n\u00b5y l\u00b5 c\u00f1a nguy\u00aan b\u00b6n b\u00b8o Le Paria (BT).","260 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP nh\u00f7ng ngh\u00dca v\u00f4 ch\u00a9n ch\u00ddnh c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh? T\u00f5 \u00ae\u00b9i l\u00e9 Thi\u00aan V\u00a8n \u00a7\u00b5i kh\u00abng ch\u00f5ng ng\u00b5i c\u00e3 \u00fd \u00ae\u00denh, qua l\u00eai n\u00e3i h\u00efng m\u00b9nh c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh, k\u00aau g\u00e4i nh\u00f7ng d\u00a9n t\u00e9c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea h\u00b7y \u00aei theo v\u00d5t ch\u00a9n vinh quang c\u00f1a t\u00e6 ti\u00aan ng\u00b5i m\u00b5 chi\u00d5n \u00ae\u00cau, nh\u2212 t\u00e6 ti\u00aan ng\u00b5i \u00ae\u00b7 chi\u00d5n \u00ae\u00cau cho c\u00abng cu\u00e9c gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng m\u00d7nh v\u00b5 cho quy\u00d2n con ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh. Ng\u2212\u00eai ta sinh ra v\u00b5 m\u00b7i m\u00b7i t\u00f9 do v\u00b5 b\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00bcng v\u00d2 quy\u00d2n. C\u00b8c quy\u00d2n \u00cay l\u00b5: t\u00f9 do, t\u2212 h\u00f7u, an ninh v\u00b5 ch\u00e8ng \u00b8p b\u00f8c. T\u00f9 do, ch\u00e8ng \u00b8p b\u00f8c, \u00ae\u00e3 l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng \u00aei\u00d2u m\u00b5 ng\u00b5i B\u00e9 tr\u2212\u00ebng mu\u00e8n l\u00b5m cho \\\"nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai anh em da m\u00b5u c\u00f1a ng\u00b5i\\\" hi\u00d3u, nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai anh em n\u00b5y tuy \u00aeang b\u00de m\u00e9t \u00ae\u00d5 qu\u00e8c gh\u00aa t\u00ebm nh\u00cat \u00b8p b\u00f8c m\u00e9t c\u00b8ch t\u00b5n t\u00d6 nh\u00cat, nh\u2212ng v\u00c9n c\u00dfn c\u00f8 l\u00dem \u00aei trong m\u00e9t gi\u00cac m\u00aa man tri\u00d2n mi\u00aan. Ch\u00f3ng ta, nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai con c\u00f1a c\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea, ch\u00f3ng ta s\u00cf l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng t\u00aan th\u00cbt h\u00ccn nh\u00b8t, n\u00d5u ch\u00f3ng ta kh\u00abng nh\u00cat t\u00d2 \u00ae\u00b8p \u00f8ng l\u00eai k\u00aau g\u00e4i c\u00f1a \\\"\u00abng anh c\u00b6 c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng ta\\\": c\u00e3 t\u00abi \u00ae\u00a9y! N. B\u00b8o Le Paria, s\u00e8 22, th\u00b8ng 1-1924.","261 Th\u2212 g\u00f6i cho m\u00e9t \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd \u00eb Qu\u00e8c t\u00d5 C\u00e9ng s\u00b6n1) \u00a7\u00e5ng ch\u00dd th\u00a9n m\u00d5n, T\u00abi qu\u00aa qu\u00b8n \u00eb \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng v\u00b5 l\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan \u00a7\u00b6ng C\u00e9ng s\u00b6n Ph\u00b8p. Ch\u00ddnh v\u00edi t\u2212 c\u00b8ch \u00ae\u00e3 m\u00b5 t\u00abi m\u00b9o mu\u00e9i c\u00b6m \u00acn \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd v\u00d2 s\u00f9 ch\u00f3 \u00fd c\u00f1a \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd \u00ae\u00d5n v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea t\u00b9i \u00a7\u00b9i h\u00e9i Li\u00abng. M\u00c6t kh\u00b8c, t\u00abi s\u00cf sung s\u2212\u00edng v\u00d7 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec th\u00b6o lu\u00cbn v\u00edi \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd v\u00d2 v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea n\u00d5u \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd vui l\u00dfng cho g\u00c6p. Do m\u00f2i v\u00b5 c\u00b8c ng\u00e3n tay b\u00de l\u00b9nh c\u00e3ng khi tang l\u00d4 \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd L\u00aanin, t\u00abi kh\u00abng th\u00d3 \u00aei l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c \u00eb Qu\u00e8c t\u00d5 C\u00e9ng s\u00b6n, v\u00cby n\u00aan t\u00abi s\u00cf r\u00cat c\u00b6m \u00acn, n\u00d5u \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd vui l\u00dfng tr\u00f9c ti\u00d5p vi\u00d5t th\u2212 cho t\u00abi \u00ae\u00d5n \u00ae\u00dea ch\u00d8 sau: Kh\u00b8ch s\u00b9n Lu\u00fdch, s\u00e8 176 \u00a7\u00e5ng ch\u00dd th\u00a9n m\u00d5n, xin g\u00f6i \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd l\u00eai ch\u00b5o c\u00e9ng s\u00b6n anh em. Nguy\u00d4n \u00b8i Qu\u00e8c 5-2-24 Th\u2212 vi\u00d5t tay, ti\u00d5ng Ph\u00b8p, b\u00b6n ch\u00f4p l\u2212u t\u00b9i Vi\u00d6n H\u00e5 Ch\u00dd Minh. _______________ 1) Trong th\u2212 kh\u00abng c\u00e3 t\u00aan ng\u2212\u00eai nh\u00cbn. C\u00e3 th\u00d3 l\u00b5 Nguy\u00d4n \u00b8i Qu\u00e8c g\u00f6i cho m\u00e9t \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o c\u00f1a Qu\u00e8c t\u00d5 C\u00e9ng s\u00b6n (BT).","262 Th\u2212 g\u00f6i Ch\u00f1 t\u00dech Qu\u00e8c t\u00d5 C\u00e9ng s\u00b6n M\u00b8txc\u00acva, ng\u00b5y 15 th\u00b8ng 3 n\u00a8m 1924 K\u00ddnh g\u00f6i \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd Din\u00abvi\u00d0p, Ch\u00f1 t\u00dech Qu\u00e8c t\u00d5 th\u00f8 ba, \u00a7\u00e5ng ch\u00dd th\u00a9n m\u00d5n, \u00a7\u00b7 h\u00acn m\u00e9t th\u00b8ng nay, t\u00abi xin \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd vui l\u00dfng ti\u00d5p \u00ae\u00d3 t\u00abi c\u00e3 th\u00d3 th\u00b6o lu\u00cbn v\u00edi \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd v\u00d2 t\u00d7nh c\u00b6nh nh\u00f7ng thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea c\u00f1a Ph\u00b8p. Cho t\u00edi nay, t\u00abi v\u00c9n ch\u2212a \u00ae\u2212\u00eec tr\u00b6 l\u00eai. H\u00abm nay, t\u00abi xin m\u00b9n ph\u00d0p nh\u00bec l\u00b9i s\u00f9 th\u00d8nh c\u00c7u \u00ae\u00e3, v\u00b5 xin \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd nh\u00cbn l\u00eai ch\u00b5o c\u00e9ng s\u00b6n anh em. Nguy\u00d4n \u00b8i Qu\u00e8c Ph\u00a9n b\u00e9 Ph\u00b8p, s\u00e8 33 Qu\u00e8c t\u00d5 C\u00e9ng s\u00b6n Th\u2212 \u00ae\u00b8nh m\u00b8y ti\u00d5ng Ph\u00b8p, b\u00b6n ch\u00f4p l\u2212u t\u00b9i Vi\u00d6n H\u00e5 Ch\u00dd Minh.","263 \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng v\u00b5 Th\u00b8i B\u00d7nh D\u2212\u00acng1) L\u00df l\u00f6a c\u00f1a cu\u00e9c chi\u00d5n tranh th\u00d5 gi\u00edi s\u00bep t\u00edi - N\u2212\u00edc Ph\u00b8p mu\u00e8n khai th\u00b8c c\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea - C\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea Ph\u00b8p s\u00e8ng lay l\u00bet nh\u2212 th\u00d5 n\u00b5o - Ng\u2212\u00eai An Nam b\u00de b\u00e3c l\u00e9t n\u00c6ng n\u00d2 th\u00aam. M\u00edi tho\u00b9t nh\u00d7n, th\u00d7 d\u2212\u00eang nh\u2212 v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng v\u00b5 Th\u00b8i B\u00d7nh D\u2212\u00acng kh\u00abng li\u00aan quan g\u00d7 \u00ae\u00d5n c\u00abng nh\u00a9n ch\u00a9u \u00a2u. Nh\u2212ng n\u00d5u ng\u2212\u00eai ta nh\u00ed l\u00b9i r\u00bbng: a) Trong th\u00eai k\u00fa c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng, c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc \u00ae\u00e5ng minh kh\u00abng t\u00can c\u00abng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec n\u2212\u00edc Nga t\u00f5 ph\u00dda t\u00a9y, \u00ae\u00b7 t\u00d7m c\u00b8ch t\u00can c\u00abng t\u00f5 ph\u00dda \u00ae\u00abng. Th\u00d5 l\u00b5 c\u00b8c c\u2212\u00eang qu\u00e8c \u00eb Th\u00b8i B\u00d7nh D\u2212\u00acng, M\u00fc v\u00b5 Nh\u00cbt, \u00ae\u00b7 cho qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i \u00ae\u00e6 b\u00e9 l\u00aan Vla\u00aeiv\u00abxt\u00e8c, \u00ae\u00e5ng th\u00eai n\u2212\u00edc Ph\u00b8p c\u00f2ng g\u00f6i nh\u00f7ng \u00ae\u00b9o qu\u00a9n ng\u2212\u00eai \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng sang Xib\u00aari \u00ae\u00d3 gi\u00f3p b\u00e4n b\u00b9ch qu\u00a9n. b) Hi\u00d6n nay, t\u00cat c\u00b6 sinh l\u00f9c c\u00f1a ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca t\u2212 b\u00b6n qu\u00e8c t\u00d5 \u00ae\u00d2u l\u00cay \u00eb c\u00b8c x\u00f8 thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 n\u00aci ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca t\u2212 b\u00b6n l\u00cay nguy\u00aan li\u00d6u cho c\u00b8c nh\u00b5 m\u00b8y c\u00f1a n\u00e3, n\u00aci n\u00e3 \u00ae\u00c7u t\u2212, ti\u00aau th\u00f4 h\u00b5ng, m\u00e9 nh\u00a9n c\u00abng r\u00ce m\u00b9t cho \u00ae\u00b9o qu\u00a9n lao \u00ae\u00e9ng c\u00f1a n\u00e3, v\u00b5 nh\u00cat l\u00b5 tuy\u00d3n nh\u00f7ng binh l\u00ddnh ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00b6n x\u00f8 cho c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00b9o qu\u00a9n ph\u00b6n c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng c\u00f1a n\u00e3. Th\u00d5 n\u00b5o r\u00e5i c\u00f2ng c\u00e3 ng\u00b5y n\u2212\u00edc Nga c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng ph\u00b6i \u00ae\u00e4 s\u00f8c v\u00edi ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca t\u2212 b\u00b6n \u00ae\u00e3. _______________ 1) M\u00e9t ph\u00c7n b\u00b5i n\u00b5y \u00ae\u00a8ng l\u00b9i tr\u00aan b\u00b8o Le Paria, s\u00e8 24, th\u00b8ng 4-1924 (BT)."]