Hồ Chí Minh toàn tập - Tập 1

["464 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP - V\u00a9ng, ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi c\u00dfn c\u00e3 m\u00e9t cu\u00e9c \\\"n\u00e6i d\u00cby\\\" n\u00f7a do Vua An Nam tr\u00ce tu\u00e6i Duy T\u00a9n ph\u00b8t \u00ae\u00e9ng, ch\u00e8ng l\u00b9i vi\u00d6c \u00ae\u2212a nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai n\u00abng d\u00a9n c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi \u00ae\u00d5n chi\u00d5n tr\u2212\u00eang c\u00f1a Ph\u00b8p. Vua Duy T\u00a9n \u00ae\u00b7 ch\u00b9y, b\u00a9y gi\u00ea \u00abng \u00cay \u00aeang s\u00e8ng l\u2212u vong. H\u00b7y k\u00d3 v\u00d2 \u00abng \u00cay n\u00f7a. \u00a4. Man\u00aeENXTAM B\u00b8o Ogoniok (Li\u00aan X\u00ab), s\u00e8 39, ng\u00b5y 23-12-1923.","465 TR\u00b6 L\u00eaI PH\u00e1NG V\u00caN C\u00f1A PH\u00e3NG VI\u00a3N B\u00b8O L'UNIT\u00b51) ... T\u00abi h\u00e1i anh \u00eb \u00ae\u00a9u \u00ae\u00d5n. - T\u00abi l\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai An Nam - b\u00de Ph\u00b8p cai tr\u00de, h\u00e4c sinh Tr\u2212\u00eang \u00ae\u00b9i h\u00e4c Ph\u2212\u00acng \u00a7\u00abng \u00eb M\u00b8txc\u00acva. T\u00abi t\u00aan l\u00b5 Nguy\u00d4n \u00b8i Qu\u00e8c. - Anh k\u00d3 cho nghe v\u00d2 \u00ae\u00eai h\u00e4c sinh \u00ae\u2212\u00eec kh\u00abng? - \u00a7\u2212\u00eec... Trong n\u2212\u00edc, t\u00abi lao \u00ae\u00e9ng \u00eb n\u00abng th\u00abn, t\u00abi r\u00eai T\u00e6 qu\u00e8c t\u00abi c\u00b8ch \u00ae\u00a9y ba n\u00a8m2). - T\u00b9i sao anh l\u00b9i sang ch\u00a9u \u00a2u? - Tr\u2212\u00edc \u00ae\u00a9y t\u00abi c\u00e3 \u00ae\u00e4c m\u00e9t s\u00e8 t\u00ea b\u00b8o ph\u00b8t h\u00b5nh sang n\u2212\u00edc t\u00abi, m\u00e9t v\u00b5i t\u00ea c\u00e3 t\u00ddnh ch\u00e8ng \u00ae\u00e8i \u00eb An Nam, c\u00e3 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00ddnh l\u00aa d\u2212\u00acng do Po\u00a8ngcar\u00aa g\u00f6i sang \u00ae\u00d3 c\u00b6i hu\u00can. Nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00ddnh l\u00aa d\u2212\u00acng n\u00b5y \u00ae\u00e4c \u00ae\u00f1 th\u00f8. H\u00e4 l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng k\u00ce ch\u00e8ng \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00d2 b\u00b6n ch\u00cat. H\u00e4 cho t\u00abi \u00ae\u00e4c c\u00b8c b\u00b8o Ph\u00b8p. V\u00d7 th\u00d5 t\u00abi n\u00b6y ra \u00fd mu\u00e8n sang xem \\\"m\u00c9u qu\u00e8c\\\" ra sao v\u00b5 t\u00abi \u00ae\u00b7 t\u00edi Pari. Khi Tr\u2212\u00eang \u00ae\u00b9i h\u00e4c Ph\u2212\u00acng \u00a7\u00abng \u00eb M\u00b8txc\u00acva m\u00eb, t\u00abi b\u00ccn xin h\u00e4c. _______________ 1) Tr\u00b6 l\u00eai ph\u00e1ng v\u00can c\u00f1a ph\u00e3ng vi\u00aan Gi\u00abvanni Gi\u00d0cman\u00d0tt\u00ab, \u00ae\u00a8ng tr\u00aan b\u00b8o L'Unit\u00b5 c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng C\u00e9ng s\u00b6n Italia t\u00f5 n\u00a8m 1924. N\u00a8m 1973, \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd Rend\u00ab M\u00b8ctineli, \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan \u00a7\u00b6ng C\u00e9ng s\u00b6n Italia \u00ae\u00b7 t\u00d7m th\u00cay b\u00b5i b\u00b8o n\u00b5y. B\u00b5i b\u00b8o \u00ae\u00b7 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec \u00ae\u00a8ng l\u00b9i tr\u00aan t\u00ea Rinasitta, c\u00ac quan l\u00fd lu\u00cbn c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng C\u00e9ng s\u00b6n Italia (BT). 2) Nguy\u00d4n \u00b8i Qu\u00e8c r\u00eai T\u00e6 qu\u00e8c \u00ae\u00b7 13 n\u00a8m, t\u00f8c l\u00b5 t\u00f5 n\u00a8m 1911 (BT).","466 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP - Tr\u2212\u00eang c\u00e3 \u00ae\u00abng h\u00e4c sinh kh\u00abng? - T\u00cat c\u00b6 c\u00e3 1.025 ng\u2212\u00eai h\u00e4c thu\u00e9c 62 x\u00f8 thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea trong \u00ae\u00e3 c\u00e3 150 g\u00b8i, 895 v\u00b5o \u00ae\u00b6ng c\u00e9ng s\u00b6n. Trong s\u00e8 1.025 ng\u2212\u00eai h\u00e4c 547 l\u00b5 n\u00abng d\u00a9n, kho\u00b6ng 300 l\u00b5 c\u00abng nh\u00a9n, c\u00dfn l\u00b5 tr\u00dd th\u00f8c t\u2212 s\u00b6n. - Anh ngh\u00dc th\u00d5 n\u00b5o v\u00d2 s\u00b8ng ki\u00d5n b\u00abns\u00aav\u00ddch n\u00b5y? - T\u00abi r\u00cat ph\u00can kh\u00ebi \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi s\u00b8ng ki\u00d5n n\u00b5y. T\u00abi \u00ae\u00b7 \u00ae\u00e4c nhi\u00d2u tuy\u00aan b\u00e8 \u00f1ng h\u00e9 v\u00b5 \u00aeo\u00b5n k\u00d5t c\u00f1a nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai ch\u00e8ng \u00ae\u00e8i nh\u2212ng kh\u00abng ng\u2212\u00eai n\u00b5o \u00aeem l\u00b9i cho ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi m\u00e9t s\u00f9 gi\u00f3p \u00ae\u00ec thi\u00d5t th\u00f9c \u00ae\u00d3 tho\u00b8t kh\u00e1i ch\u00d5 \u00ae\u00e9 n\u00ab l\u00d6 m\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng \\\"ng\u2212\u00eai \u00aei gieo r\u00bec v\u00a8n minh\\\" \u00aeang giam h\u00b7m ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi. T\u00abi cho r\u00bbng s\u00b8ng ki\u00d5n n\u00b5y s\u00cf \u00aeem l\u00b9i nh\u00f7ng k\u00d5t qu\u00b6 r\u00cat t\u00e8t. Nhi\u00d2u ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00b7 hi\u00d3u t\u00d7nh tr\u00b9ng k\u00d0m c\u00e1i c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi nh\u2212ng ch\u2212a c\u00e3 ai, tr\u00f5 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b5m c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng Nga, ch\u00d8 cho ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi con \u00ae\u2212\u00eang \u00aei \u00ae\u00d5n gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng. \u00eb Bacu, n\u00a8m 1921, l\u00c7n \u00ae\u00c7u ti\u00aan trong l\u00dech s\u00f6 c\u00f1a giai c\u00cap v\u00ab s\u00b6n, \u00ae\u00b7 h\u00e4p m\u00e9t \u00ae\u00b9i h\u00e9i c\u00f1a c\u00b8c d\u00a9n t\u00e9c ph\u2212\u00acng \u00a7\u00abng v\u00b5 ch\u00ddnh L\u00aanin, \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd Il\u00ddts\u00ac th\u00a9n m\u00d5n c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi, \u00ae\u00b7 n\u00aau l\u00aan nh\u00f7ng \u00ae\u00d2 \u00b8n v\u00b5 h\u2212\u00edng d\u00c9n ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi \u00aei nh\u00f7ng b\u2212\u00edc \u00ae\u00c7u \u00ae\u00d3 l\u00b5m cho ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi c\u00e3 kh\u00b6 n\u00a8ng c\u00efng ti\u00d5n b\u2212\u00edc v\u00edi giai c\u00cap v\u00ab s\u00b6n th\u00d5 gi\u00edi. - Tay anh l\u00b5m sao th\u00d5? - Kh\u00abng sao, anh tr\u00b6 l\u00eai. T\u00abi mang v\u00dfng hoa c\u00f1a h\u00e4c sinh vi\u00d5ng L\u00aanin, v\u00d7 th\u00d5 hai ng\u00e3n tay t\u00abi b\u00de t\u00aa c\u00e3ng. L\u00aanin th\u2212\u00acng ti\u00d5c! - C\u00b8c anh c\u00e3 bao nhi\u00aau gi\u00b8o s\u2212? Ch\u2212\u00acng tr\u00d7nh c\u00e3 nh\u00f7ng m\u00abn g\u00d7? - Ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi c\u00e3 150 gi\u00b8o s\u2212 d\u00b9y c\u00b8c m\u00abn: khoa h\u00e4c x\u00b7 h\u00e9i, to\u00b8n, duy v\u00cbt l\u00dech s\u00f6, l\u00dech s\u00f6 phong tr\u00b5o c\u00abng nh\u00a9n, khoa h\u00e4c t\u00f9 nhi\u00aan, l\u00dech s\u00f6 c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng, kinh t\u00d5 ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de h\u00e4c, v.v.. Tr\u2212\u00eang \u00ae\u00b9i h\u00e4c c\u00e3 m\u00e9t ph\u00dfng chi\u00d5u b\u00e3ng, m\u00e9t th\u2212 vi\u00d6n 47.000 cu\u00e8n s\u00b8ch. M\u00e7i d\u00a9n t\u00e9c c\u00e3 m\u00e9t th\u2212 vi\u00d6n ri\u00aang g\u00e5m s\u00b8ch, b\u00b8o, t\u00b9p ch\u00dd. N\u00aan bi\u00d5t l\u00b5 ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi thu\u00e9c 62 d\u00a9n t\u00e9c m\u00b5 \u00aeo\u00b5n k\u00d5t v\u00edi nhau nh\u2212 anh em ru\u00e9t th\u00det. Ng\u2212\u00eai h\u00e4c t\u00f9 vi\u00d5t l\u00cay b\u00b8o h\u00bbng tu\u00c7n. Ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi c\u00e3 m\u00e9t nh\u00b5 an d\u2212\u00ecng \u00eb Crim\u00aa v\u00b5 hai nh\u00b5 ngh\u00d8 h\u00cc, m\u00e9t trong hai nh\u00b5 \u00ae\u00e3 tr\u2212\u00edc c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng l\u00b5 l\u00a9u \u00ae\u00b5i c\u00f1a m\u00e9t Qu\u00cbn c\u00abng. Anh h\u00b7y h\u00d7nh dung l\u00b5 \u00eb tr\u00aan \u00ae\u00d8nh ng\u00e4n th\u00b8p c\u00f1a l\u00a9u \u00ae\u00b5i, g\u00c7n","tr\u00b6 l\u00eai ph\u00e1ng v\u00can c\u00f1a ph\u00e3ng vi\u00aan... 467 con qu\u00b9, bi\u00d3u t\u2212\u00eeng c\u00f1a \u00ae\u00d5 ch\u00d5, ph\u00cap ph\u00edi l\u00b8 c\u00ea \u00ae\u00e1 v\u00b5 \u00eb trong ph\u00dfng kh\u00b8ch, thay v\u00b5o ng\u00b5i Qu\u00cbn c\u00abng, l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai n\u00abng d\u00a9n Tri\u00d2u Ti\u00aan ho\u00c6c \u00b8cm\u00aani n\u00ab \u00ae\u00efa v\u00edi nhau. - Ai n\u00cau cho c\u00b8c anh \u00a8n? - Ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi thay phi\u00aan nhau l\u00b5m b\u00d5p. Ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi c\u00f2ng thay phi\u00aan nhau l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c \u00eb th\u2212 vi\u00d6n, \u00eb c\u00a9u l\u00b9c b\u00e9, gi\u00c6t gi\u00f2. Ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c th\u00b5nh c\u00abng x\u00b7. C\u00abng x\u00b7 h\u00e4p m\u00e9t tu\u00c7n m\u00e9t l\u00c7n \u00ae\u00d3 th\u00b6o lu\u00cbn ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de, v\u00b5 t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c c\u00b8c bu\u00e6i bi\u00d3u di\u00d4n ngh\u00d6 thu\u00cbt, gi\u00b6i tr\u00dd. Nh\u00f7ng s\u00f9 sai ph\u00b9m s\u00cf do m\u00e9t \\\"to\u00b5 \u00b8n\\\", do c\u00abng x\u00b7 b\u00c7u ra n\u00d5u th\u00cay c\u00c7n thi\u00d5t, x\u00d0t x\u00f6. - Khi h\u00e4c xong, anh d\u00f9 \u00ae\u00denh l\u00b5m g\u00d7? - D\u00dc nhi\u00aan l\u00b5 t\u00abi s\u00cf tr\u00eb v\u00d2 T\u00e6 qu\u00e8c t\u00abi \u00ae\u00d3 \u00ae\u00cau tranh cho s\u00f9 nghi\u00d6p c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi. \u00eb b\u00aan ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi c\u00e3 nhi\u00d2u vi\u00d6c ph\u00b6i l\u00b5m l\u00bem. Ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi ch\u00bcng c\u00e3 quy\u00d2n g\u00d7 c\u00b6, tr\u00f5 quy\u00d2n \u00ae\u00e3ng thu\u00d5 cho \\\"m\u00c9u qu\u00e8c\\\" Ph\u00b8p, cho b\u00e4n ch\u00f1 b\u00b6n x\u00f8. S\u00f9 vi\u00d6c n\u00e6i b\u00cbt nh\u00cat l\u00b5 nh\u2212 th\u00d5 n\u00b5y: ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00de \u00ae\u00ab h\u00e9, nh\u2212 \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd bi\u00d5t, ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng d\u00a9n t\u00e9c \\\"h\u00b9 \u00ae\u00bcng\\\", v\u00b5 v\u00d7 th\u00d5 ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi kh\u00abng c\u00e3 quy\u00d2n \u00f8ng c\u00f6, b\u00c7u c\u00f6. \u00eb n\u2212\u00edc Nga, \u00eb c\u00b8i n\u2212\u00edc c\u00f1a nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai d\u00b7 man - giai c\u00cap t\u2212 s\u00b6n d\u00a9n ch\u00f1 g\u00e4i c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd Nga nh\u2212 th\u00d5 -, ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi c\u00e3 \u00ae\u00c7y \u00ae\u00f1 nh\u00f7ng quy\u00d2n nh\u2212 c\u00abng d\u00a9n Nga. Th\u00cbt v\u00cby, nh\u00f7ng \u00ae\u00b9i bi\u00d3u c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi do X\u00abvi\u00d5t c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi b\u00c7u ra theo \u00ae\u00f3ng k\u00fa h\u00b9n, \u00ae\u00b7 c\u00efng h\u00e9i h\u00e4p v\u00edi c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00b9i bi\u00d3u c\u00abng, n\u00abng, binh. \u00a7\u00e3, anh \u00ae\u00b7 th\u00cay r\u00e2 s\u00f9 \u00ae\u00e8i x\u00f6 kh\u00b8c nhau c\u00f1a ch\u00d5 \u00ae\u00e9 d\u00a9n ch\u00f1 t\u2212 s\u00b6n v\u00b5 ch\u00d5 \u00ae\u00e9 d\u00a9n ch\u00f1 c\u00abng nh\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi! Ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi \u00ae\u00b7 \u00aeau kh\u00e6 nhi\u00d2u v\u00b5 ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi c\u00dfn ph\u00b6i \u00aeau kh\u00e6 n\u00f7a. Nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai \\\"khai ho\u00b8\\\" c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi kh\u00abng \u00ae\u00d3 ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi t\u00f9 do. Nh\u2212ng ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi ti\u00d5p t\u00f4c \u00aei theo con \u00ae\u2212\u00eang C\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng Th\u00b8ng M\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00b7 v\u00b9ch ra, ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi s\u00cf v\u00cbn d\u00f4ng v\u00b5o th\u00f9c ti\u00d4n nh\u00f7ng b\u00b5i h\u00e4c \u00ae\u00b7 h\u00e4c \u00ae\u2212\u00eec. C\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd c\u00f1a t\u00abi l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c ph\u00can kh\u00ebi, tin t\u2212\u00ebng, nghi\u00aam t\u00f3c. Nhi\u00d2u ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00dfn r\u00cat tr\u00ce \u00ae\u00b7 c\u00e3 m\u00e9t tr\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00e9 m\u00b8cx\u00ddt \u00ddt c\u00e3 th\u00d3 t\u2212\u00ebng t\u2212\u00eeng l\u00b5 c\u00e3 th\u00d3 c\u00e3 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec v\u00b5o tu\u00e6i \u00ae\u00e3. Ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi hi\u00d3u r\u00e2 l\u00b5 ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi c\u00e3 tr\u00b8ch nhi\u00d6m r\u00cat n\u00c6ng n\u00d2, v\u00b5","468 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP t\u2212\u00acng lai c\u00f1a c\u00b8c d\u00a9n t\u00e9c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea tu\u00fa thu\u00e9c v\u00b5o s\u00f9 tuy\u00aan truy\u00d2n v\u00b5 tinh th\u00c7n hy sinh c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi. \u00eb ph\u2212\u00acng \u00a7\u00abng, t\u00f5 Xyri \u00ae\u00d5n Tri\u00d2u Ti\u00aan t\u00abi ch\u00d8 n\u00e3i c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea v\u00b5 n\u00f6a thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea, c\u00e3 m\u00e9t di\u00d6n t\u00ddch r\u00e9ng m\u00aanh m\u00abng v\u00edi h\u00acn 1.200 tri\u00d6u d\u00a9n. C\u00b6 v\u00efng r\u00e9ng l\u00edn n\u00b5y n\u00bbm d\u2212\u00edi \u00b8ch th\u00e8ng tr\u00de c\u00f1a ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca \u00ae\u00d5 qu\u00e8c t\u2212 b\u00b6n ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca. C\u00b8c d\u00a9n t\u00e9c \u00eb \u00ae\u00e3 kh\u00abng bao gi\u00ea c\u00e3 th\u00d3 ng\u00c8ng \u00ae\u00c7u l\u00aan \u00ae\u2212\u00eec n\u00d5u kh\u00abng g\u00ben b\u00e3 v\u00edi giai c\u00cap v\u00ab s\u00b6n th\u00d5 gi\u00edi. Nh\u00f7ng ngh\u00de quy\u00d5t c\u00f1a ph\u00b8i x\u00b7 h\u00e9i d\u00a9n ch\u00f1 t\u00e1 c\u00b6m t\u00d7nh d\u00ef n\u00e5ng nhi\u00d6t \u00ae\u00d5n \u00ae\u00a9u c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng c\u00e3 s\u00f8c n\u00c6ng. Vi\u00d6c th\u00b5nh l\u00cbp tr\u2212\u00eang \u00ae\u00b9i h\u00e4c b\u00abns\u00acv\u00ddch \u00ae\u00b7 m\u00eb ra m\u00e9t th\u00eai \u00ae\u00b9i m\u00edi trong l\u00dech s\u00f6 c\u00b8c d\u00a9n t\u00e9c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea \u00eb ph\u2212\u00acng \u00a7\u00abng, v\u00b5 nh\u00b5 tr\u2212\u00eang \u00ae\u00b7 d\u00b9y ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi nguy\u00aan l\u00fd \u00ae\u00cau tranh giai c\u00cap, v\u00b5 nh\u00b5 tr\u2212\u00eang \u00ae\u00b7 \u00ae\u00c6t m\u00e8i li\u00aan h\u00d6 gi\u00f7a ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi v\u00edi c\u00b8c d\u00a9n t\u00e9c ph\u2212\u00acng T\u00a9y v\u00b5 trang b\u00de cho ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi - nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai n\u00ab l\u00d6, kh\u00b6 n\u00a8ng ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng ch\u00c6t ch\u00cf. - Kh\u00dd h\u00cbu n\u2212\u00edc Nga th\u00d5 n\u00b5o, c\u00e3 c\u00f9c l\u00bem kh\u00abng? - C\u00e3... T\u00abi ch\u2212a quen tuy \u00ae\u00b7 \u00eb hai n\u00a8m. Nh\u2212ng kh\u00abng sao, t\u00abi s\u00cf kh\u00bec ph\u00f4c \u00ae\u2212\u00eec. T\u00abi \u00aei th\u00a8m m\u00e9t c\u00abng x\u00b7 n\u00abng nghi\u00d6p. Th\u00abi ch\u00b5o anh. B\u00b8o L'Unit\u00b5, ng\u00b5y 15-3-1924. B\u00b8o Nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n, s\u00e8 6961, ng\u00b5y 18-5-1973.","469 Nh\u00f7ng b\u00b5i k\u00fd t\u00aan chung Y\u00a3U S\u00b8CH C\u00f1A NH\u00a2N D\u00a2N AN NAM T\u00f5 ng\u00b5y \u00a7\u00e5ng minh th\u00beng tr\u00cbn, t\u00cat c\u00b6 c\u00b8c d\u00a9n t\u00e9c b\u00de l\u00d6 thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00d2u ch\u00f8a chan hy v\u00e4ng r\u00bbng theo nh\u00f7ng l\u00eai cam k\u00d5t ch\u00ddnh th\u00f8c v\u00b5 tr\u00denh tr\u00e4ng m\u00b5 c\u00b8c c\u2212\u00eang qu\u00e8c \u00a7\u00e5ng minh \u00ae\u00b7 tuy\u00aan b\u00e8 v\u00edi to\u00b5n th\u00d5 gi\u00edi, trong cu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00cau tranh c\u00f1a V\u00a8n minh ch\u00e8ng D\u00b7 man, th\u00d7 ti\u00d2n \u00ae\u00e5 m\u00e9t th\u00eai \u00ae\u00b9i c\u00abng l\u00fd v\u00b5 ch\u00ddnh ngh\u00dca nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh l\u00b5 ph\u00b6i \u00ae\u00d5n v\u00edi h\u00e4. Trong khi ch\u00ea cho nguy\u00aan t\u00bec d\u00a9n t\u00e9c s\u00cf t\u00f5 l\u00dcnh v\u00f9c l\u00fd t\u2212\u00ebng chuy\u00d3n v\u00b5o l\u00dcnh v\u00f9c hi\u00d6n th\u00f9c do ch\u00e7 quy\u00d2n t\u00f9 quy\u00d5t thi\u00aang li\u00aang c\u00f1a c\u00b8c d\u00a9n t\u00e9c \u00ae\u2212\u00eec th\u00f5a nh\u00cbn th\u00cbt s\u00f9, nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n n\u2212\u00edc An Nam tr\u2212\u00edc kia, nay l\u00b5 x\u00f8 \u00a7\u00abng - Ph\u00b8p, xin tr\u00d7nh v\u00edi c\u00b8c qu\u00fd Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 trong \u00a7\u00e5ng minh n\u00e3i chung v\u00b5 v\u00edi Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 Ph\u00b8p \u00ae\u00b8ng k\u00ddnh n\u00e3i ri\u00aang, nh\u00f7ng y\u00aau s\u00b8ch khi\u00aam t\u00e8n sau \u00ae\u00a9y: 1. T\u00e6ng \u00a9n x\u00b8 cho t\u00cat c\u00b6 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00b6n x\u00f8 b\u00de \u00b8n t\u00ef ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de; 2. C\u00b6i c\u00b8ch n\u00d2n ph\u00b8p l\u00fd \u00eb \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng b\u00bbng c\u00b8ch cho ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00b6n x\u00f8 c\u00f2ng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec quy\u00d2n h\u2212\u00ebng nh\u00f7ng \u00ae\u00b6m b\u00b6o v\u00d2 m\u00c6t ph\u00b8p lu\u00cbt nh\u2212 ng\u2212\u00eai \u00a2u ch\u00a9u; xo\u00b8 b\u00e1 ho\u00b5n to\u00b5n c\u00b8c to\u00b5 \u00b8n \u00ae\u00c6c bi\u00d6t d\u00efng l\u00b5m c\u00abng c\u00f4 \u00ae\u00d3 kh\u00f1ng b\u00e8 v\u00b5 \u00b8p b\u00f8c b\u00e9 ph\u00cbn trung th\u00f9c nh\u00cat trong nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n An Nam; 3. T\u00f9 do b\u00b8o ch\u00dd v\u00b5 t\u00f9 do ng\u00abn lu\u00cbn; 4. T\u00f9 do l\u00cbp h\u00e9i v\u00b5 h\u00e9i h\u00e4p; 5. T\u00f9 do c\u2212 tr\u00f3 \u00eb n\u2212\u00edc ngo\u00b5i v\u00b5 t\u00f9 do xu\u00cat d\u2212\u00acng; 6. T\u00f9 do h\u00e4c t\u00cbp, th\u00b5nh l\u00cbp c\u00b8c tr\u2212\u00eang k\u00fc thu\u00cbt v\u00b5 chuy\u00aan nghi\u00d6p \u00eb t\u00cat c\u00b6 c\u00b8c t\u00d8nh cho ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00b6n x\u00f8; 7. Thay ch\u00d5 \u00ae\u00e9 ra c\u00b8c s\u00bec l\u00d6nh b\u00bbng ch\u00d5 \u00ae\u00e9 ra c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00b9o lu\u00cbt;","470 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP 8. \u00a7o\u00b5n \u00ae\u00b9i bi\u00d3u th\u2212\u00eang tr\u00f9c c\u00f1a ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00b6n x\u00f8, do ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00b6n x\u00f8 b\u00c7u ra, t\u00b9i Ngh\u00de vi\u00d6n Ph\u00b8p \u00ae\u00d3 gi\u00f3p cho Ngh\u00de vi\u00d6n bi\u00d5t \u00ae\u2212\u00eec nh\u00f7ng nguy\u00d6n v\u00e4ng c\u00f1a ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00b6n x\u00f8. \u00a7\u2212a ra nh\u00f7ng y\u00aau s\u00b8ch tr\u00aan \u00ae\u00a9y, nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n An Nam tr\u00abng c\u00cby v\u00b5o ch\u00ddnh ngh\u00dca th\u00d5 gi\u00edi c\u00f1a t\u00cat c\u00b6 c\u00b8c c\u2212\u00eang qu\u00e8c v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00c6c bi\u00d6t tin v\u00b5o l\u00dfng r\u00e9ng l\u2212\u00eeng c\u00f1a nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p cao c\u00b6, t\u00f8c l\u00b5 c\u00f1a nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai \u00aeang n\u00bem v\u00cbn m\u00d6nh c\u00f1a nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n An Nam, c\u00f1a nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai, do ch\u00e7 n\u2212\u00edc Ph\u00b8p l\u00b5 m\u00e9t n\u2212\u00edc C\u00e9ng ho\u00b5, n\u00aan \u00ae\u2212\u00eec coi l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00b6o h\u00e9 cho nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n An Nam. Khi nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n An Nam nh\u00bec \u00ae\u00d5n s\u00f9 \\\"b\u00b6o h\u00e9\\\" c\u00f1a nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p, th\u00d7 kh\u00abng l\u00cay th\u00d5 l\u00b5m h\u00e6 nh\u00f4c ch\u00f3t n\u00b5o m\u00b5 tr\u00b8i l\u00b9i c\u00dfn l\u00cay l\u00b5m vinh d\u00f9: v\u00d7 nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n An Nam bi\u00d5t r\u00bbng nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p \u00ae\u00b9i bi\u00d3u cho t\u00f9 do v\u00b5 c\u00abng l\u00fd, v\u00b5 kh\u00abng bao gi\u00ea t\u00f5 b\u00e1 l\u00fd t\u2212\u00ebng cao c\u00b6 c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh l\u00b5 t\u00d7nh b\u00b8c \u00b8i to\u00b5n th\u00d5 gi\u00edi. V\u00d7 th\u00d5, nghe theo ti\u00d5ng n\u00e3i c\u00f1a nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00de \u00b8p b\u00f8c, l\u00b5 nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p s\u00cf l\u00b5m tr\u00dfn nhi\u00d6m v\u00f4 c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi n\u2212\u00edc Ph\u00b8p v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi Nh\u00a9n lo\u00b9i. Thay m\u00c6t nh\u00e3m nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai y\u00aau n\u2212\u00edc An Nam NGUY\u00d4N \u00b8I QU\u00e8C T\u00b5i li\u00d6u ti\u00d5ng Ph\u00b8p, b\u00b6n ch\u00f4p l\u2212u t\u00b9i Vi\u00d6n H\u00e5 Ch\u00dd Minh.","471 TH\u00a6 G\u00f6I T\u00e6NG TH\u00e8NG M\u00fc1) Pari, ng\u00b5y 18-6-1919 K\u00ddnh g\u00f6i Ng\u00b5i T\u00e6ng th\u00e8ng C\u00e9ng ho\u00b5 H\u00eep ch\u00f3ng qu\u00e8c, \u00a7\u00b9i bi\u00d3u \u00eb H\u00e9i ngh\u00de Ho\u00b5 b\u00d7nh. Th\u2212a Ng\u00b5i, Nh\u00a9n d\u00dep chi\u00d5n th\u00beng c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00e5ng minh, ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi xin m\u00b9n ph\u00d0p g\u00f6i \u00ae\u00d5n Ng\u00b5i, k\u00ccm theo \u00ae\u00a9y b\u00b6n ghi c\u00b8c y\u00aau s\u00b8ch c\u00f1a nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n An Nam. Tin t\u2212\u00ebng \u00eb \u00ae\u00e9 l\u2212\u00eeng cao c\u00b6 c\u00f1a Ng\u00b5i, ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi mong Ng\u00b5i \u00f1ng h\u00e9 tr\u2212\u00edc nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00e3 th\u00c8m quy\u00d2n. Xin Ng\u00b5i vui l\u00dfng nh\u00cbn s\u00f9 bi\u00d3u th\u00de l\u00dfng k\u00ddnh tr\u00e4ng s\u00a9u s\u00bec c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi. Thay m\u00c6t nh\u00e3m nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai y\u00aau n\u2212\u00edc An Nam NGUY\u00d4N \u00b8I QU\u00e8C 56, ph\u00e8 M\u00acxi\u00ac L\u00ac Pranhx\u00ac, Pari Th\u2212 \u00ae\u00b8nh m\u00b8y, ti\u00d5ng Ph\u00b8p, b\u00b6n ch\u00f4p l\u2212u t\u00b9i Vi\u00d6n H\u00e5 Ch\u00dd Minh. _______________ 1) Th\u2212 n\u00b5y \u00ae\u2212\u00eec g\u00f6i k\u00ccm v\u00edi b\u00b6n Y\u00aau s\u00b8ch c\u00f1a nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n An Nam \u00ae\u00e5ng th\u00eai t\u00edi tr\u2212\u00ebng \u00aeo\u00b5n c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc tham d\u00f9 H\u00e9i ngh\u00de V\u00d0cx\u00a9y (BT).","472 VI\u00d6T NAM Y\u00a3U C\u00c7U CA \\\"R\u00bbng nay g\u00c6p h\u00e9i Giao ho\u00b5, Mu\u00abn d\u00a9n h\u00ccn y\u00d5u g\u00c7n xa vui t\u00d7nh. C\u00cby r\u00bbng c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc \u00a7\u00e5ng minh, \u00a7em g\u2212\u00acng c\u00abng l\u00fd gi\u00d5t h\u00d7nh d\u00b7 man. M\u00cay phen c\u00abng b\u00e8 r\u00e2 r\u00b5ng, D\u00a9n n\u00b5o r\u00e5i c\u00f2ng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec trang b\u00d7nh quy\u00d2n. Vi\u00d6t Nam x\u2212a c\u00f2ng oai thi\u00aang, M\u00b5 nay \u00ae\u00f8ng d\u2212\u00edi thu\u00e9c quy\u00d2n Lang Sa. L\u00dfng th\u00b5nh t\u00e1 n\u00e7i s\u00f3t sa, D\u00b8m xin \u00ae\u00b9i qu\u00e8c soi qua ch\u00f3t n\u00b5o. M\u00e9t xin tha k\u00ce \u00ae\u00e5ng b\u00b5o, V\u00d7 ch\u2212ng ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de m\u00bec v\u00b5o t\u00ef giam. Hai xin ph\u00d0p lu\u00cbt s\u00f6a sang, Ng\u2212\u00eai T\u00a9y ng\u2212\u00eai Vi\u00d6t hai ph\u2212\u00acng c\u00efng \u00ae\u00e5ng. Nh\u00f7ng to\u00b5 \u00ae\u00c6c bi\u00d6t b\u00cat c\u00abng, D\u00b8m xin b\u00e1 d\u00f8t r\u00e9ng dung d\u00a9n l\u00b5nh. Ba xin r\u00e9ng ph\u00d0p h\u00e4c h\u00b5nh, M\u00eb mang k\u00fc ngh\u00d6, l\u00cbp th\u00b5nh c\u00abng th\u2212\u00acng. B\u00e8n xin \u00ae\u2212\u00eec ph\u00d0p h\u00e9i h\u00b5ng, N\u00a8m xin ngh\u00dc ng\u00eei n\u00e3i b\u00b5n t\u00f9 do. S\u00b8u xin \u00ae\u2212\u00eec ph\u00d0p l\u00dech du, B\u00e8n ph\u2212\u00acng m\u00c6c s\u00f8c, n\u00a8m ch\u00a9u m\u00c6c t\u00d7nh.","vi\u00d6t nam y\u00aau c\u00c7u ca 473 B\u00b6y xin hi\u00d5n ph\u00b8p ban h\u00b5nh, Tr\u00a8m \u00ae\u00d2u ph\u00b6i c\u00e3 th\u00c7n linh ph\u00b8p quy\u00d2n. T\u00b8m xin \u00ae\u2212\u00eec c\u00f6 ngh\u00de vi\u00aan, Qua T\u00a9y thay m\u00c6t gi\u00f7 quy\u00d2n th\u00e6 d\u00a9n. T\u00b8m \u00aei\u00d2u c\u00b9n t\u00e1 xa g\u00c7n, Ch\u00f8ng nh\u00ea v\u00b9n qu\u00e8c c\u00abng d\u00a9n x\u00d0t t\u00d7nh. Ri\u00aang nh\u00ea d\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p c\u00abng b\u00d7nh, \u00a7em l\u00dfng \u00aeo\u00b8i l\u00b9i c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh trong tay. Ph\u00b8p d\u00a9n n\u00f8c ti\u00d5ng x\u2212a nay, \u00a7\u00e5ng b\u00b5o, b\u00b8c \u00b8i s\u00b8nh t\u00c7y kh\u00abng ai! N\u00ec n\u00b5o ng\u00b6nh m\u00c6t ng\u00ac tai, \u00a7\u00d3 cho m\u00cay \u00f8c tri\u00d6u ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00ac v\u00ac. D\u00a9n Nam m\u00e9t d\u00b9 \u2212\u00edc m\u00ac, L\u00a9u nay t\u00f5ng n\u00f3p b\u00e3ng c\u00ea t\u00f9 do. R\u00e9ng xin d\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p x\u00d0t cho, Trong ph\u00df ti\u00d5ng n\u2212\u00edc, sau ph\u00df l\u00cf c\u00abng. D\u00dech m\u00cay ch\u00f7 qu\u00e8c \u00a9m b\u00b5y t\u00e1. \u00a7\u00d3 \u00ae\u00e5ng b\u00b5o l\u00edn nh\u00e1 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec hay. Ho\u00b5 b\u00d7nh may g\u00c6p h\u00e9i n\u00b5y, T\u00abn s\u00efng c\u00abng l\u00fd, \u00aeo\u00b9 \u00ae\u00b5y d\u00b7 man. Nay g\u00c6p h\u00e9i kh\u00b6i ho\u00b5n h\u00d8 h\u00b6, Ti\u00d5ng vui m\u00f5ng kh\u00bep c\u00b6 \u00ae\u00e5ng - d\u00a9n. T\u00a9y vui ch\u00bec \u00ae\u00b7 m\u2212\u00eai ph\u00c7n, L\u00cf n\u00b5o Nam l\u00b9i ch\u00deu th\u00a9n t\u00abi \u00ae\u00dfi. H\u00bdng m\u00eb m\u00bet m\u00b5 soi cho r\u00e2. N\u00b5o Ai Lan, \u00can \u00a7\u00e9, Cao Ly, X\u2212a, h\u00ccn ph\u00b6i b\u2212\u00edc suy vi, Nay, g\u00c7n \u00ae\u00e9c l\u00cbp c\u00f2ng v\u00d7 d\u00a9n kh\u00abn Hai m\u2212\u00aci tri\u00d6u qu\u00e8c h\u00e5n Nam Vi\u00d6t Th\u00d5 cu\u00e9c n\u00b5y ph\u00b6i bi\u00d5t m\u00b5 lo. \u00a7\u00e5ng b\u00b5o, b\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00bcng, t\u00f9 do, X\u00d0t m\u00d7nh r\u00e5i l\u00b9i \u00aeem so m\u00cay ng\u2212\u00eai.","474 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP Ng\u00e6n ngang l\u00eai v\u00ben \u00fd d\u00b5i, Anh em \u00ae\u00b7 th\u00cau l\u00dfng n\u00b5y cho ch\u2212a. NGUY\u00d4N \u00b8I QU\u00e8C T\u00b5i li\u00d6u vi\u00d5t tay, ti\u00d5ng Vi\u00d6t, b\u00b6n ch\u00f4p l\u2212u t\u00b9i Vi\u00d6n H\u00e5 Ch\u00dd Minh.","475 B\u00b8O C\u00b8o1) D\u00f9 TH\u00b6o Pari, ng\u00b5y 20-11-1921 Ti\u00d3u ban \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng thu\u00e9c Ph\u00b8p trong Ban nghi\u00aan c\u00f8u thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea60 c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng C\u00e9ng s\u00b6n \u00ae\u2212\u00eec giao tr\u00b8ch nhi\u00d6m ph\u00b8t bi\u00d3u \u00fd ki\u00d5n v\u00d2 ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng c\u00c7n ti\u00d5n h\u00b5nh \u00eb Vi\u00d4n \u00a7\u00abng nh\u00bbm t\u00b9o ra v\u00b5 ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n m\u00e9t phong tr\u00b5o c\u00e9ng s\u00b6n c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng, xin tr\u00d7nh b\u00b5y: 1. Ti\u00d3u ban b\u00b8c b\u00e1 m\u00e4i ki\u00d5n ngh\u00de v\u00d2 kinh t\u00d5 ho\u00c6c ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de nh\u00bbm c\u00b6i thi\u00d6n, c\u00b6i c\u00b8ch ho\u00c6c \u00ae\u00b9t m\u00e9t ti\u00d5n b\u00e9 n\u00b5o \u00ae\u00e3, \u00aei\u00d2u n\u00b5y, trong ch\u00d5 \u00ae\u00e9 t\u2212 b\u00b6n, ch\u00d8 ph\u00f4c v\u00f4 ch\u00ddnh quy\u00d2n hi\u00d6n nay v\u00b5 gi\u00f3p v\u00b5o s\u00f9 c\u00f1ng c\u00e8 n\u00e3. 2. Nh\u00cbn th\u00cay r\u00bbng c\u00b8c giai c\u00cap th\u00e8ng tr\u00de coi c\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea Ph\u00b8p kh\u00abng ch\u00d8 l\u00b5 m\u00e9t kho v\u00ab t\u00cbn nguy\u00aan li\u00d6u, ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00b6n x\u00f8 thu\u00c7n tu\u00fd l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng con v\u00cbt k\u00d0o n\u00c6ng s\u00b6n xu\u00cat ra nh\u00f7ng th\u00f8 \u00ae\u00e3, m\u00b5 b\u00e4n k\u00ce th\u00ef giai c\u00cap c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng ta c\u00dfn coi nh\u00f7ng n\u2212\u00edc h\u00b6i ngo\u00b9i \u00ae\u00e3 l\u00b5 ngu\u00e5n cung c\u00cap nh\u00f7ng \u00ae\u00e9i qu\u00a9n ph\u00b6n c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng. Do \u00ae\u00e3, c\u00abng t\u00b8c tuy\u00aan truy\u00d2n c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng v\u00b5 ch\u00e8ng qu\u00a9n phi\u00d6t c\u00c7n \u00ae\u2212\u00eec ti\u00d5n h\u00b5nh d\u2212\u00edi s\u00f9 l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00abn \u00ae\u00e8c c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng, trong t\u00cat c\u00b6 c\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea c\u00f1a Ph\u00b8p v\u00b5 x\u00f8 g\u00e4i l\u00b5 b\u00b6o h\u00e9. _______________ 1) T\u00b5i li\u00d6u \u00ae\u00b8nh m\u00b8y, ti\u00d5ng Ph\u00b8p, kh\u00abng k\u00fd t\u00aan, l\u2212u tr\u00f7 t\u00b9i CAOM, SLOTFOM, S\u00d0rie III, c\u00c6p s\u00e8 3, h\u00e5 s\u00ac c\u00f1a H\u00e9i li\u00aan hi\u00d6p thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea (Ph\u00b8p) (BT).","476 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP C\u00abng t\u00b8c tuy\u00aan truy\u00d2n n\u00b5y th\u00f9c hi\u00d6n: a) b\u00bbng c\u00b8c b\u00b8o ch\u00dd xu\u00cat b\u00b6n \u00eb Ph\u00b8p. b) b\u00bbng di\u00d4n \u00ae\u00b5n c\u00f1a c\u00b8c \u00a7\u00b9i h\u00e9i c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng ta v\u00b5 khi c\u00c7n, b\u00bbng di\u00d4n \u00ae\u00b5n c\u00f1a ngh\u00de vi\u00d6n. c) b\u00bbng c\u00b8c h\u00e9i ngh\u00de. d) b\u00bbng m\u00e4i ph\u2212\u00acng th\u00f8c th\u00ddch h\u00eep v\u00edi \u00ae\u00e8i t\u2212\u00eeng, v\u00edi tr\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00e9 gi\u00b8o d\u00f4c v\u00b5 v\u00a8n minh c\u00f1a qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng b\u00b6n x\u00f8 \u00eb c\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea. B\u00b6n tr\u00d7nh b\u00b5y s\u00ac l\u2212\u00eec tr\u00aan \u00ae\u00a9y ch\u00d8 l\u00b5 m\u00e9t th\u00abng b\u00b8o b\u2212\u00edc \u00ae\u00c7u. Ban nghi\u00aan c\u00f8u thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea c\u00f1a ph\u00a9n b\u00e9 Ph\u00b8p c\u00f1a Qu\u00e8c t\u00d5 C\u00e9ng s\u00b6n cho r\u00bbng vi\u00d6c nghi\u00aan c\u00f8u c\u00b8c v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea t\u00f5 nay v\u00d2 sau ph\u00b6i l\u00b5 b\u00e9 ph\u00cbn kh\u00abng t\u00b8ch r\u00eai c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00d2 c\u2212\u00acng \u00ae\u2212a l\u00aan Qu\u00e8c t\u00d5 C\u00e9ng s\u00b6n, v\u00d7 c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng c\u00e9ng s\u00b6n ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca kh\u00abng ch\u00d8 c\u00e3 m\u00f4c \u00ae\u00ddch \u00eb ch\u00a9u \u00a2u m\u00b5 c\u00dfn \u00eb to\u00b5n th\u00d5 gi\u00edi. V\u00d7 v\u00cby, kh\u00abng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec \u00ae\u00d3 m\u00e9t n\u00aci n\u00b5o tr\u00aan th\u00d5 gi\u00edi, do c\u00c8u th\u00b6 ho\u00c6c kh\u00abng am hi\u00d3u v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2, l\u00e4t ra ngo\u00b5i nh\u00f7ng ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng c\u00e3 \u00ddch cho m\u00f4c \u00ae\u00ddch c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng c\u00e9ng s\u00b6n ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca. In trong s\u00b8ch H\u00e5 Ch\u00dd Minh, Nh\u00f7ng b\u00b5i vi\u00d5t 1914 - 1969, do Alain Ruscio bi\u00aan so\u00b9n, Pari, 1990, tr.40 - 41.","477 D\u00f9 TH\u00b6O NGH\u00de QUY\u00d5T V\u00d2 CH\u00f1 NGH\u00dcA C\u00e9NG S\u00b6N V\u00b5 C\u00b8C THU\u00e9C \u00a7\u00dea1) \u00a7\u00b9i h\u00e9i l\u00c7n th\u00f8 II c\u00f1a Qu\u00e8c t\u00d5 C\u00e9ng s\u00b6n h\u00e4p v\u00b5o th\u00b8ng 8-1920 \u00ae\u00b7 tuy\u00aan b\u00e8 trong nh\u00f7ng lu\u00cbn c\u2212\u00acng c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b9i h\u00e9i v\u00d2 nh\u00f7ng v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea r\u00bbng: \\\"\u00a7\u00b9i chi\u00d5n \u00eb ch\u00a9u \u00a2u v\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng k\u00d5t qu\u00b6 c\u00f1a n\u00e3 \u00ae\u00b7 ch\u00d8 r\u00e2 r\u00bbng qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng \u00eb nh\u00f7ng n\u2212\u00edc ph\u00f4 thu\u00e9c ngo\u00b5i ch\u00a9u \u00a2u g\u00ben b\u00e3 v\u00edi phong tr\u00b5o v\u00ab s\u00b6n ch\u00a9u \u00a2u m\u00e9t c\u00b8ch tuy\u00d6t \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00e3 l\u00b5 h\u00cbu qu\u00b6 kh\u00abng th\u00d3 tr\u00b8nh \u00ae\u2212\u00eec do s\u00f9 t\u00cbp trung c\u00f1a ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca t\u2212 b\u00b6n th\u00d5 gi\u00edi... \\\"Qu\u00e8c t\u00d5 C\u00e9ng s\u00b6n ph\u00b6i m\u00eb r\u00e9ng ph\u00b9m vi ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh. Nhi\u00d6m v\u00f4 c\u00f1a n\u00e3 l\u00b5 t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c giai c\u00cap c\u00abng nh\u00a9n to\u00b5n th\u00d5 gi\u00edi \u00ae\u00d3 l\u00cbt \u00ae\u00e6 n\u00d2n th\u00e8ng tr\u00de t\u2212 b\u00b6n ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca v\u00b5 thi\u00d5t l\u00cbp ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca c\u00e9ng s\u00b6n\\\". Nh\u00f7ng ch\u00d8 th\u00de \u00ae\u00e3 l\u00b5 c\u00c7n thi\u00d5t h\u00b5ng \u00ae\u00c7u \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi \u00a7\u00b6ng C\u00e9ng s\u00b6n Ph\u00b8p, b\u00ebi v\u00d7 giai c\u00cap t\u2212 s\u00b6n n\u2212\u00edc n\u00b5y th\u00e8ng tr\u00de nh\u00f7ng thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea m\u00b5 d\u00a9n s\u00e8 c\u00e3 t\u00edi 40 tri\u00d6u ng\u2212\u00eai. Nh\u00f7ng thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea b\u00de c\u00b8c giai c\u00cap th\u00e8ng tr\u00de coi l\u00b5 kho ch\u00f8a nguy\u00aan li\u00d6u c\u00ac b\u00b6n m\u00b5 \u00ae\u00d3 l\u00b5m ra ch\u00f3ng, d\u00a9n b\u00b6n x\u00f8 b\u00de ng\u2212\u00eai ta coi _______________ 1) T\u00b9i \u00a7\u00b9i h\u00e9i l\u00c7n th\u00f8 I \u00a7\u00b6ng C\u00e9ng s\u00b6n Ph\u00b8p h\u00e4p \u00eb M\u00b8cx\u00a9y, phi\u00aan h\u00e4p th\u00f8 9, bu\u00e6i chi\u00d2u th\u00f8 n\u00a8m, ng\u00b5y 29-12-1921, sau khi Phr\u00e8txa ph\u00b8t bi\u00d3u, Ch\u00f1 t\u00e4a gi\u00edi thi\u00d6u Nguy\u00d4n \u00b8i Qu\u00e8c l\u00aan \u00ae\u00e4c b\u00b6n D\u00f9 th\u00b6o ngh\u00de quy\u00d5t n\u00b5y (BT).","478 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng con v\u00cbt k\u00d0o xe, nh\u2212 l\u00b5 n\u00aci ti\u00aau th\u00f4 d\u00b5nh ri\u00aang cho th\u2212\u00acng nghi\u00d6p ch\u00ddnh qu\u00e8c; v\u00b5 c\u00f2ng l\u00b5 ngu\u00e5n cung c\u00cap cho ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca qu\u00a9n phi\u00d6t binh l\u00ddnh cho nh\u00f7ng cu\u00e9c chi\u00d5n tranh s\u00bep t\u00edi do s\u00f9 \u00ae\u00e8i kh\u00b8ng gi\u00f7a ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca \u00ae\u00d5 qu\u00e8c k\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00dech c\u00f1a nh\u00f7ng n\u2212\u00edc kh\u00b8c nhau \u00aeang chu\u00c8n b\u00de. H\u00b5ng ch\u00f4c ngh\u00d7n ng\u2212\u00eai d\u00a9n thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea \u00ae\u00b7 ch\u00d5t trong cu\u00e9c chi\u00d5n tranh ch\u00a9u \u00a2u. H\u00b5ng ch\u00f4c ngh\u00d7n ng\u2212\u00eai kh\u00b8c c\u00dfn ph\u00b6i l\u00b5m n\u00ab l\u00d6 cho ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca qu\u00a9n phi\u00d6t Ph\u00b8p; trong su\u00e8t th\u00eai k\u00fa \\\"ho\u00b5 b\u00d7nh \u00eb t\u00d7nh tr\u00b9ng chi\u00d5n tranh\\\" n\u00e3 ph\u00b8i h\u00e4 sang \u00a7\u00f8c, Xilixi, Xyri, v\u00edi kh\u00dd h\u00cbu \u00ae\u00e9c h\u00b9i nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00d5n ch\u00d5t ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi nh\u00f7ng con ng\u2212\u00eai x\u00f8 n\u00e3ng \u00cay. Ng\u2212\u00eai ta \u00ae\u2212a ng\u2212\u00eai ch\u00ddnh qu\u00e8c v\u00b5o qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i v\u00edi danh ngh\u00dca qu\u00e8c ph\u00dfng: chi\u00aau b\u00b5i n\u00b5y ch\u00d8 c\u00e3 th\u00d3 d\u00efng \u00eb nh\u00f7ng thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea m\u00edi b\u00de th\u00abn t\u00ddnh; \u00eb \u00ae\u00cay, ng\u2212\u00eai ta tuy\u00d3n nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai ch\u00a9u Phi v\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai ch\u00a9u \u00b8 b\u00bbng nh\u00f7ng l\u00eai h\u00f8a d\u00e8i tr\u00b8 cho ti\u00d2n b\u00b9c hay cho chi\u00d5n l\u00eei ph\u00c8m, b\u00bbng r\u2212\u00eeu, b\u00bbng s\u00f9 chuy\u00aan ch\u00d5 h\u00b5nh ch\u00ddnh, ho\u00c6c l\u00b5 (khi nh\u00f7ng ph\u2212\u00acng s\u00b8ch \u00ae\u00e3 th\u00cat b\u00b9i) b\u00bbng b\u00b9o l\u00f9c, kh\u00f1ng b\u00e8 v\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng s\u00f9 h\u00b5nh quy\u00d5t l\u00b5m g\u2212\u00acng. Qua mi\u00d6ng M\u00a8nggianh, ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca qu\u00a9n phi\u00d6t Ph\u00b8p khoe khoang h\u00e4 s\u00f6 d\u00f4ng 400.000 l\u00ddnh b\u00b6n x\u00f8; v\u00d2 th\u00f9c t\u00d5 v\u00b5 b\u00bbng nh\u00f7ng ph\u2212\u00acng s\u00b8ch duy\u00d6t th\u00aam, n\u00e3 c\u00e3 th\u00d3 \u00ae\u2212a l\u00aan m\u00e9t ho\u00c6c hai tri\u00d6u ng\u2212\u00eai ch\u00a9u Phi v\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai ch\u00a9u \u00b8. Nh\u2212 th\u00d5, n\u00e3 hy v\u00e4ng c\u00e3 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec nh\u00f7ng v\u00cbt hy sinh d\u00d4 b\u00b6o h\u00acn l\u00b5 c\u00abng nh\u00a9n v\u00b5 n\u00abng d\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p, v\u00b5 c\u00f2ng l\u00b5 s\u00f6 d\u00f4ng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec nh\u00f7ng l\u00f8a qu\u00a9n d\u00dech thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea, nh\u00f7ng c\u00abng c\u00f4 m\u00ef qu\u00b8ng \u00ae\u00d3 \u00b8p b\u00f8c v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00cc b\u00d1p giai c\u00cap v\u00ab s\u00b6n ch\u00a9u \u00a2u. Ngo\u00b5i s\u00f9 c\u00c7n thi\u00d5t ch\u00e8ng l\u00b9i nguy c\u00ac \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi phong tr\u00b5o gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng v\u00ab s\u00b6n l\u00b5 s\u00f9 can thi\u00d6p tuy\u00d6t \u00ae\u00e8i c\u00f1a ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca t\u2212 s\u00b6n ch\u00ddnh qu\u00e8c \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi d\u00a9n c\u2212 b\u00b6n x\u00f8 b\u00de \u00d0p v\u00b5o tr\u00b9i l\u00ddnh, c\u00c7n ph\u00b6i th\u00cay \u00ae\u2212\u00eec r\u00bbng trong m\u00e9t th\u00eai k\u00fa c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng, giai c\u00cap t\u2212 s\u00b6n s\u00f6 d\u00f4ng nh\u00f7ng thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea l\u00b5m n\u00aci tr\u00e8n tr\u00b8nh c\u00f1a l\u00f9c l\u2212\u00eeng ph\u00b6n c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng hay \u00ddt nh\u00cat c\u00f2ng d\u00f9a v\u00b5o \u00ae\u00cay \u00ae\u00d3 t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c ra n\u00e3. Ngay t\u00f5 b\u00a9y gi\u00ea ch\u00f3ng ta ph\u00b6i d\u00f9 ph\u00dfng s\u00b8ch l\u2212\u00eec n\u00b5y v\u00b5 mu\u00e8n v\u00cby ch\u00f3ng ta ph\u00b6i c\u00e8 g\u00beng tranh th\u00f1 c\u00b6m t\u00d7nh c\u00f1a qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng b\u00b6n x\u00f8 v\u00b5 gi\u00b8o d\u00f4c h\u00e4 b\u00bbng","d\u00f9 th\u00b6o ngh\u00de quy\u00d5t... 479 c\u00b8ch ch\u00d8 ra r\u00bbng nh\u00f7ng n\u00e7i \u00aeau kh\u00e6 c\u00f1a h\u00e4 c\u00f2ng c\u00e3 c\u00efng nguy\u00aan nh\u00a9n v\u00edi \u00aeau kh\u00e6 c\u00f1a giai c\u00cap c\u00abng nh\u00a9n \u00eb ch\u00ddnh qu\u00e8c. \u00a7\u00d2 ra nhi\u00d6m v\u00f4 n\u00b5y ch\u2212a ph\u00b6i l\u00b5 t\u00cat c\u00b6 m\u00b5 c\u00dfn ph\u00b6i d\u00e8c l\u00dfng l\u00b5m nh\u00f7ng nhi\u00d6m v\u00f4 th\u00f9c ti\u00d4n ph\u00b8t sinh t\u00f5 \u00ae\u00e3. \u00a7i\u00d2u \u00ae\u00e3 kh\u00abng d\u00d4, v\u00d7 nhi\u00d2u l\u00cf: a\/ Th\u00f8 nh\u00cat, \u00eb trong \u00a7\u00b6ng C\u00e9ng s\u00b6n c\u00dfn ch\u2212a c\u00e3 truy\u00d2n th\u00e8ng v\u00f7ng v\u00b5ng v\u00d2 m\u00c6t ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea. Qu\u00e8c t\u00d5 th\u00f8 hai g\u00c7n nh\u2212 ho\u00b5n to\u00b5n th\u00ea \u00ac v\u00edi vi\u00d6c t\u00b9o ra \u00eb thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea phong tr\u00b5o \u00ae\u00e8i kh\u00b8ng ch\u00e8ng l\u00b9i ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca t\u2212 b\u00b6n m\u00b5 b\u00bbng l\u00dfng v\u00edi vi\u00d6c \u00ae\u2212a ra nh\u00f7ng b\u00b6n tuy\u00aan b\u00e8 c\u00f1a ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca c\u00b6i l\u2212\u00acng l\u00cbp l\u00ea v\u00b5 v\u00ab hi\u00d6u qu\u00b6. V\u00cby ng\u00b5y nay \u00a7\u00b6ng C\u00e9ng s\u00b6n ph\u00b6i t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c t\u00cat c\u00b6. b\/ \u00a7i\u00d2u l\u00b5m cho ph\u00f8c t\u00b9p v\u00b5 kh\u00e3 kh\u00a8n c\u00f1a s\u00f9 nghi\u00d6p n\u00b5y c\u00f2ng ch\u00ddnh l\u00b5 s\u00f9 kh\u00b8c nhau c\u00f1a c\u00b8c lo\u00b9i thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea h\u00eep th\u00b5nh l\u00b7nh th\u00e6 thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea Ph\u00b8p. V\u00d7 th\u00d5, nh\u00f7ng ph\u2212\u00acng s\u00b8ch ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng kh\u00abng gi\u00e8ng nhau v\u00b5 ph\u00b6i thay \u00ae\u00e6i theo t\u00f5ng nh\u00e3m thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea l\u00edn. V\u00d2 \u00ae\u00b9i th\u00d3, ng\u2212\u00eai ta c\u00e3 th\u00d3 chia c\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea l\u00b5m 5 lo\u00b9i nh\u2212 sau: B\u00bec Phi, T\u00a9y Phi v\u00b5 ch\u00a9u Phi x\u00ddch \u00ae\u00b9o, \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng, Ma\u00aeag\u00b8txca, c\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea c\u00f2. c\/ M\u00e9t kh\u00e3 kh\u00a8n kh\u00b8c l\u00b5 thi\u00d5u kh\u00b6 n\u00a8ng t\u00f9 gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng \u00eb h\u00c7u h\u00d5t nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00b6n x\u00f8. H\u00e4 kh\u00abng c\u00e3 qu\u00b8 kh\u00f8 c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng; trong nhi\u00d2u thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea h\u00e4 quen th\u00e3i n\u00ab l\u00d6 v\u00b5 c\u00dfn ch\u2212a nh\u00cbn kh\u00b6 n\u00a8ng t\u00f9 gi\u00b6i tho\u00b8t kh\u00e1i c\u00b6nh \u00ae\u00e3. N\u00e7 l\u00f9c c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng ta nh\u00bbm gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng h\u00e4 v\u00b5 d\u00bet d\u00c9n h\u00e4, v\u00b5 qua \u00ae\u00e3, h\u00b5nh \u00ae\u00e9ng c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng ta s\u00cf kh\u00abng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec h\u00e4 \u00f1ng h\u00e9 nghi\u00aam ch\u00d8nh, \u00ddt ra l\u00b5 l\u00f3c b\u00bet \u00ae\u00c7u \u00eb nh\u00f7ng n\u2212\u00edc c\u00e3 ch\u00d5 \u00ae\u00e9 chuy\u00aan ch\u00d5 \u00ae\u00e9c \u00aeo\u00b8n. B\u00bbng b\u00cat c\u00f8 c\u00b8ch n\u00b5o nh\u00f7ng kh\u00e3 kh\u00a8n \u00ae\u00e3 c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng th\u00d3 bi\u00d6n minh cho vi\u00d6c \u00a7\u00b6ng C\u00e9ng s\u00b6n t\u00f5 b\u00e1 m\u00e9t ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea th\u00f9c t\u00d5 v\u00b5 c\u00e3 k\u00d5t qu\u00b6. N\u00d5u ch\u00f3ng ta n\u00aau ra nh\u00f7ng \u00aei\u00d2u \u00ae\u00e3 c\u00e8t ch\u00d8 ra \u00ddch l\u00eei c\u00f1a m\u00e9t t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c \u00ae\u00c6c bi\u00d6t chuy\u00aan lo tuy\u00aan truy\u00d2n c\u00e9ng s\u00b6n th\u00b5nh c\u00abng. T\u00e6 ch\u00f8c \u00ae\u00c6c bi\u00d6t n\u00b5y, Ban l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o \u00ae\u00b7 chu\u00c8n b\u00de l\u00cbp m\u00e9t Ban nghi\u00aan c\u00f8u thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea trong tr\u00f4 s\u00eb \u00a7\u00b6ng. Ban n\u00b5y l\u00b5 m\u00e9t c\u00ac quan t\u2212 v\u00can tuy\u00d3n ng\u2212\u00eai trong s\u00e8 c\u00b8c","480 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP chuy\u00aan gia, ngh\u00dca l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan c\u00e3 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t v\u00d2 c\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea \u00ae\u00d3 \u00ae\u00d5n \u00ae\u00e3 sinh s\u00e8ng. N\u00e3 c\u00e3 nhi\u00d6m v\u00f4 thu th\u00cbp t\u00b5i li\u00d6u v\u00d2 thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea, cung c\u00cap cho c\u00b8c \u00a7\u00b9i h\u00e9i \u00ae\u00b6ng v\u00b5 trong th\u00eai gian gi\u00f7a hai \u00ae\u00b9i h\u00e9i, cho Ban l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o nh\u00f7ng k\u00d5t lu\u00cbn c\u00e3 th\u00d3 cho ph\u00d0p ra nh\u00f7ng quy\u00d5t \u00ae\u00denh th\u00ddch h\u00eep v\u00d2 m\u00c6t h\u00e4c thuy\u00d5t, tuy\u00aan truy\u00d2n v\u00b5 s\u00b8ch l\u2212\u00eec. Ban nghi\u00aan c\u00f8u thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea \u00ae\u00b7 th\u00b6o m\u00e9t b\u00b6n t\u2212\u00eang tr\u00d7nh v\u00d2 t\u00d7nh h\u00d7nh hi\u00d6n nay c\u00f1a c\u00b8c nh\u00e3m thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea kh\u00b8c nhau, x\u00b8c \u00ae\u00denh r\u00e2 r\u00b5ng nh\u00f7ng y\u00aau c\u00c7u ch\u00f1 y\u00d5u v\u00d2 lo\u00b9i kinh t\u00d5, ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de, v\u00b5 x\u00b7 h\u00e9i m\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00b6n x\u00f8 c\u00f2ng nh\u2212 ng\u2212\u00eai lao \u00ae\u00e9ng ch\u00ddnh qu\u00e8c s\u00e8ng \u00eb thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea c\u00b6m nh\u00cbn th\u00cay. T\u00f5 s\u00f9 ki\u00d3m ch\u00f8ng nh\u00f7ng nhu c\u00c7u \u00ae\u00e3, Ban \u00ae\u00b7 r\u00f3t ra nh\u00f7ng k\u00d5t lu\u00cbn, nh\u00f7ng quy t\u00bec s\u00b8ch l\u2212\u00eec th\u00ddch h\u00eep qua vi\u00d6c v\u00cbn d\u00f4ng ch\u00f3ng, \u00ae\u00d3 g\u00a9y n\u00aan \u00eb thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea m\u00e9t phong tr\u00b5o \u00ae\u00e8i l\u00cbp ch\u00e8ng ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca t\u2212 b\u00b6n v\u00b5 phong tr\u00b5o g\u00a9y c\u00b6m t\u00d7nh v\u00edi c\u00e9ng s\u00b6n. V\u00d7 ch\u2212\u00acng tr\u00d7nh ngh\u00de s\u00f9 c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b9i h\u00e9i M\u00b8cx\u00a9y qu\u00b8 n\u00c6ng n\u00aan b\u00b8o c\u00b8o n\u00b5y c\u00f1a Ban nghi\u00aan c\u00f8u thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea, \u00ae\u00b8ng ti\u00d5c l\u00b5 kh\u00abng th\u00d3 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec xem x\u00d0t v\u00b5 th\u00b6o lu\u00cbn \u00eb \u00ae\u00e3 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec. Nh\u2212ng \u00aei\u00d2u m\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai ta c\u00e3 th\u00d3 tr\u00abng \u00ae\u00eei \u00eb \u00a7\u00b9i h\u00e9i M\u00b8cx\u00a9y, tr\u2212\u00edc h\u00d5t l\u00b5 \u00a7\u00b9i h\u00e9i t\u00b8n th\u00b5nh nguy\u00aan t\u00bec th\u00b5nh l\u00cbp m\u00e9t c\u00ac quan \u00ae\u00c6c bi\u00d6t ph\u00f4 tr\u00b8ch ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch v\u00d2 thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng, ti\u00d5p \u00ae\u00e3 l\u00b5 u\u00fb quy\u00d2n cho Ban l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o th\u00cay r\u00e2: 1\/ Ti\u00d5p t\u00f4c v\u00b5 m\u00eb r\u00e9ng nhi\u00d6m v\u00f4 chu\u00c8n b\u00de \u00ae\u00b7 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec kh\u00ebi \u00ae\u00c7u. 2\/ Tr\u00d7nh b\u00b5y \u00eb \u00a7\u00b9i h\u00e9i sau c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng m\u00e9t lu\u00cbn c\u2212\u00acng v\u00d2 thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea \u00ae\u00b7 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec nghi\u00aan c\u00f8u nghi\u00aam t\u00f3c \u00ae\u00d3 \u00a7\u00b9i h\u00e9i th\u00b6o lu\u00cbn \u00ae\u00d5n n\u00aci \u00ae\u00d5n ch\u00e8n sao cho t\u00f5 \u00ae\u00e3 \u00a7\u00b6ng c\u00e3 m\u00e9t ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea r\u00e2 r\u00b5ng, c\u00e3 ph\u2212\u00acng ph\u00b8p v\u00b5 thi\u00d5t th\u00f9c. B\u00ebi v\u00cby, ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi \u00ae\u00d2 ngh\u00de \u00a7\u00b9i h\u00e9i th\u00abng qua ngh\u00de quy\u00d5t d\u2212\u00edi \u00ae\u00a9y: \\\"\u00a7\u00b9i h\u00e9i l\u00c7n th\u00f8 I c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng C\u00e9ng s\u00b6n Ph\u00b8p, h\u00e4p \u00eb M\u00b8cx\u00a9y sau khi nghe b\u00b6n b\u00b8o c\u00b8o do Ban l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o thay m\u00c6t Ban nghi\u00aan c\u00f8u thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea tr\u00d7nh b\u00b5y, ch\u00d8 ra s\u00f9 c\u00c7n thi\u00d5t trong th\u00eai gian ng\u00ben nh\u00cat ph\u00b6i t\u00b9o ra m\u00e9t phong tr\u00b5o \u00ae\u00e8i kh\u00b8ng mang tinh th\u00c7n c\u00e9ng s\u00b6n, ch\u00e8ng ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca t\u2212 b\u00b6n v\u00b5 hai h\u00d7nh th\u00f8c \u00ae\u00c6c bi\u00d6t c\u00f1a n\u00e3 l\u00b5 ch\u00f1","d\u00f9 th\u00b6o ngh\u00de quy\u00d5t... 481 ngh\u00dca \u00ae\u00d5 qu\u00e8c, ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca qu\u00a9n phi\u00d6t v\u00b5 ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca ph\u00b8o thuy\u00d2n \u00eb c\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea. \\\"X\u00d0t t\u00ddnh ph\u00f8c t\u00b9p c\u00f1a v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea, v\u00d7 c\u00e3 s\u00f9 kh\u00abng thu\u00c7n nh\u00cat c\u00f1a c\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea v\u00b5 x\u00d0t s\u00f9 ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n v\u00d2 kinh t\u00d5, ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de v\u00b5 x\u00b7 h\u00e9i th\u2212\u00eang ch\u00cbm ch\u00b9p c\u00f1a d\u00a9n b\u00b6n x\u00f8, \u00ae\u00e5ng th\u00eai x\u00d0t \u00ae\u00d5n s\u00f8c m\u00b9nh c\u00f1a ch\u00d5 \u00ae\u00e9 chuy\u00aan ch\u00d5 h\u00b5nh ch\u00ddnh m\u00b5 h\u00e4 l\u00b5 n\u00b9n nh\u00a9n. \\\"Chu\u00c8n y nguy\u00aan t\u00bec l\u00cbp th\u00b5nh m\u00e9t c\u00ac quan \u00ae\u00c6c bi\u00d6t chuy\u00aan nghi\u00aan c\u00f8u v\u00b5 s\u2212u t\u00cbp t\u2212 li\u00d6u v\u00d2 thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea l\u00b5 c\u00ac quan t\u2212 v\u00can, \u00ae\u00c6t d\u2212\u00edi quy\u00d2n ki\u00d3m tra c\u00f1a Ban l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o. \\\"Giao cho Ban n\u00b5y b\u00bbng m\u00e4i ph\u2212\u00acng s\u00b8ch c\u00c7n thi\u00d5t nh\u00bbm t\u00ddch c\u00f9c tuy\u00aan truy\u00d2n ngay t\u00f5 b\u00a9y gi\u00ea v\u00d2 thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea trong khi ch\u00ea \u00ae\u00eei m\u00e9t d\u00f9 \u00b8n ho\u00b5n ch\u00d8nh v\u00b5 chi ti\u00d5t v\u00d2 ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea \u00ae\u2212\u00eec th\u00b6o lu\u00cbn \u00eb \u00a7\u00b9i h\u00e9i t\u00edi c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng. \\\"\u00a7\u00c6c bi\u00d6t \u00a7\u00b9i h\u00e9i \u00ae\u00d2 ngh\u00de Ban l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o d\u00b5nh m\u00e9t m\u00f4c \u00ae\u00d3 nghi\u00aan c\u00f8u v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 n\u00b5y tr\u00aan b\u00b8o L'Humanit\u00d0 v\u00b5 trong c\u00b8c s\u00b8ch, b\u00b8o v\u00b5 \u00can ph\u00c8m c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng. \\\"\u00a7\u00b9i h\u00e9i \u00ae\u00d2 ngh\u00de c\u00b8c ban n\u00e3i chung, \u00ae\u00c6c bi\u00d6t l\u00b5 c\u00b8c ban t\u00e5n t\u00b9i \u00eb c\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea hay \u00eb nh\u00f7ng th\u00b5nh ph\u00e8 c\u00e3 quan h\u00d6 th\u2212\u00eang xuy\u00aan v\u00edi c\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea \u00ae\u00e3 c\u00f2ng nh\u2212 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00e9ng s\u00b6n bi\u00d6t l\u00cbp thu\u00e9c m\u00e4i ch\u00f1ng t\u00e9c, h\u00eep t\u00b8c ngay t\u00f5 b\u00a9y gi\u00ea v\u00edi Ban nghi\u00aan c\u00f8u thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea\\\". Th\u00b8ng 12 n\u00a8m 1921 BAN NGHI\u00a3N C\u00f8U THU\u00e9C \u00a7\u00deA T\u00b5i li\u00d6u ti\u00d5ng Ph\u00b8p, b\u00b6n ch\u00f4p l\u2212u t\u00b9i Vi\u00d6n H\u00e5 Ch\u00dd Minh.","482 H\u00e9I LI\u00a3N HI\u00d6P THU\u00e9C \u00a7\u00deA \u00a7\u00e5ng b\u00b5o th\u00a9n m\u00d5n, N\u00d5u c\u00a9u ph\u2212\u00acng ng\u00abn \\\"\u00a7o\u00b5n k\u00d5t l\u00b5m ra s\u00f8c m\u00b9nh\\\" kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i l\u00b5 m\u00e9t c\u00a9u n\u00e3i su\u00abng, N\u00d5u \u00ae\u00e5ng b\u00b5o mu\u00e8n gi\u00f3p \u00ae\u00ec l\u00c9n nhau, N\u00d5u \u00ae\u00e5ng b\u00b5o mu\u00e8n b\u00aanh v\u00f9c cho quy\u00d2n l\u00eei c\u00f1a b\u00b6n th\u00a9n m\u00d7nh, c\u00f2ng nh\u2212 quy\u00d2n l\u00eei c\u00f1a t\u00cat c\u00b6 \u00ae\u00e5ng b\u00b5o \u00eb c\u00b8c x\u00f8 thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea, H\u00b7y gia nh\u00cbp H\u00e9i li\u00aan hi\u00d6p thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea. \u00a7I\u00d2U L\u00d6 TR\u00ddCH Y\u00d5U \u00a7i\u00d2u 2 - M\u00f4c \u00ae\u00ddch c\u00f1a H\u00e9i l\u00b5 t\u00cbp h\u00eep v\u00b5 h\u2212\u00edng d\u00c9n cho m\u00e4i ng\u2212\u00eai d\u00a9n c\u00b8c x\u00f8 thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea hi\u00d6n s\u00e8ng tr\u00aan \u00ae\u00cat Ph\u00b8p \u00ae\u00d3; soi s\u00b8ng cho nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai d\u00a9n \u00eb thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea v\u00d2 t\u00d7nh h\u00d7nh m\u00e4i m\u00c6t \u00eb n\u2212\u00edc Ph\u00b8p nh\u00bbm m\u00f4c \u00ae\u00ddch \u00aeo\u00b5n k\u00d5t h\u00e4; th\u00b6o lu\u00cbn v\u00b5 nghi\u00aan c\u00f8u t\u00cat c\u00b6 nh\u00f7ng v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de v\u00b5 kinh t\u00d5 c\u00f1a thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea. \u00a7i\u00d2u 4 - T\u00cat c\u00b6 h\u00e9i vi\u00aan ph\u00b6i \u00ae\u00e3ng h\u00e9i ph\u00dd 3 th\u00b8ng m\u00e9t k\u00fa l\u00b5 9 phr\u00a8ng. \u00a7i\u00d2u 10 - T\u00cat c\u00b6 h\u00e9i vi\u00aan b\u00cat k\u00fa l\u00f3c n\u00b5o, \u00ae\u00d2u c\u00e3 th\u00d3 g\u00f6i th\u2212 \u00ae\u00d5n tr\u00f4 s\u00eb c\u00f1a H\u00e9i \u00ae\u00d3 y\u00aau c\u00c7u nh\u00f7ng \u00aei\u00d2u l\u00eei \u00ddch m\u00b5 H\u00e9i d\u00b5nh ri\u00aang cho c\u00b8c h\u00e9i vi\u00aan c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh.","h\u00e9i li\u00aan hi\u00d6p thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea 483 \u00a7i\u00d2u 131) - H\u00e9i s\u00bdn s\u00b5ng gi\u00f3p \u00ae\u00ec v\u00b5 c\u00f8u tr\u00ee cho m\u00e4i h\u00e9i vi\u00aan c\u00f1a c\u00b8c nh\u00e3m \u00ae\u00b7 gia nh\u00cbp H\u00e9i. \u00a7i\u00d2u 142) - Trong ph\u00b9m vi t\u00b5i ch\u00ddnh s\u00bdn c\u00e3, H\u00e9i c\u00e3 th\u00d3 cung c\u00cap cho t\u00cat c\u00b6 h\u00e9i vi\u00aan nh\u00f7ng b\u00b8o ch\u00dd v\u00b5 t\u00b5i li\u00d6u c\u00e3 li\u00aan quan \u00ae\u00d5n sinh ho\u00b9t c\u00f1a c\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea, ho\u00c6c chuy\u00aan lo b\u00aanh v\u00f9c cho c\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea. BAN CH\u00caP H\u00b5NH: \u00a7\u00b9i di\u00d6n: \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng: Nguy\u00d4n \u00b8i Qu\u00e8c (th\u00ee s\u00f6a \u00b6nh) \u00a7\u00b6o R\u00aauyni\u00abng: B\u00b8ck\u00ddtx\u00ab (tr\u00b9ng s\u2212) \u00a7ah\u00abm\u00a9y: M.Bl\u00abngcua (tr\u00b9ng s\u2212) Goa\u00ae\u00acl\u00f3p: Gi\u00a8ng B\u00b8ptixt\u00ac (nh\u00b5 bu\u00abn) Qu\u00c7n \u00ae\u00b6o \u00a1ngti\u00ac: M\u00abranh\u00ae\u00ac (nh\u00b5 bu\u00abn) M\u00b8ctin\u00ddch: M\u00abngn\u00d0cvin (\u00ae\u00b9i di\u00d6n th\u2212\u00acng m\u00b9i) Guyan: \u00a4n\u00abri\u00a8ng (Ch\u00f1 nhi\u00d6m), Gi\u00b8m \u00ae\u00e8c H\u00e9i ch\u00f7 th\u00cbp \u00ae\u00e1. \u00a7\u00e5ng b\u00b5o h\u00b7y g\u00f6i \u00ae\u00acn xin v\u00b5o h\u00e9i cho M\u00abngn\u00d0cvin, 9, Ph\u00e8 Val\u00d0tt\u00ac, qu\u00cbn 5, Pari; ho\u00c6c cho Nguy\u00d4n \u00b8i Qu\u00e8c, 9, Ng\u00e2 C\u00abngpoanh, qu\u00cbn 17, Pari. T\u00b5i li\u00d6u ti\u00d5ng Ph\u00b8p, b\u00b6n ch\u00f4p l\u2212u t\u00b9i Vi\u00d6n H\u00e5 Ch\u00dd Minh. _______________ 1), 2) C\u00e3 b\u00b6n ch\u00f4p c\u00b8c \u00aei\u00d2u 13 v\u00b5 14 tr\u00aan \u00ae\u00a9y, nh\u2212ng \u00ae\u00b8nh s\u00e8 l\u00b5 \u00aei\u00d2u 15 v\u00b5 19, n\u00e9i dung c\u00b8c \u00aei\u00d2u \u00ae\u00d2u gi\u00e8ng nhau (BT).","484 L\u00eaI K\u00a3U G\u00e4I C\u00f1A BAN NGHI\u00a3N C\u00f8U THU\u00e9C \u00a7\u00deA C\u00f1A \u00a7\u00b6NG C\u00e9NG S\u00b6N PH\u00b8P Ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi hi\u00d3u n\u00e7i \u00aeau kh\u00e6 c\u00f1a c\u00b8c b\u00b9n, nh\u2212ng c\u00b8c b\u00b9n ch\u2212a hi\u00d3u n\u00e7i \u00aeau kh\u00e6 c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi. C\u00e3 l\u00cf c\u00b8c b\u00b9n cho r\u00bbng t\u00cat c\u00b6 m\u00e4i ng\u2212\u00eai \u00eb Ph\u00b8p \u00ae\u00d2u c\u00e3 quy\u00d2n h\u00b5nh v\u00b5 ai c\u00f2ng mu\u00e8n gi\u00f7 c\u00b8c b\u00b9n trong v\u00dfng n\u00ab l\u00d6. Th\u00cbt ra nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai g\u00a9y ra s\u00f9 l\u00c7m than cho c\u00b8c b\u00b9n v\u00b5 gi\u00f7 c\u00b8c b\u00b9n trong c\u00b6nh kh\u00e6 \u00ae\u00e3 \u00ae\u00d3 l\u00eei d\u00f4ng ch\u00d8 l\u00b5 m\u00e9t s\u00e8 \u00ddt, ch\u00f3ng c\u00e3 quy\u00d2n h\u00b5nh v\u00d7 ch\u00f3ng gi\u00b5u. Ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi l\u00b5 s\u00e8 \u00ae\u00abng v\u00b5 \u00aeang \u00ae\u00cau tranh ch\u00e8ng l\u00b9i ch\u00f3ng v\u00d7 ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi c\u00f2ng nh\u2212 c\u00b8c b\u00b9n l\u00b5 n\u00b9n nh\u00a9n s\u00f9 t\u00b5n b\u00b9o c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng. C\u00b8c anh em ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00b6n x\u00f8 th\u00cay r\u00e2 ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi c\u00efng v\u00edi anh em c\u00e3 chung m\u00e9t k\u00ce th\u00ef l\u00b5 b\u00e4n ch\u00f1 c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi. Ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi th\u00b5nh l\u00cbp \u00eb \u00ae\u00a9y m\u00e9t ch\u00ddnh \u00ae\u00b6ng l\u00edn \u00ae\u00cau tranh \u00ae\u00d3 gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai kh\u00abng c\u00e3 quy\u00d2n h\u00b5nh \u00eb ch\u00ddnh qu\u00e8c v\u00b5 c\u00f2ng mu\u00e8n \u00ae\u00cau tranh \u00ae\u00d3 gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00b6n x\u00f8 \u00eb thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea b\u00de b\u00bet l\u00b5m n\u00ab l\u00d6. Ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi y\u00aau c\u00c7u c\u00b8c b\u00b9n gi\u00f3p \u00ae\u00ec ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi trong nhi\u00d6m v\u00f4 \u00ae\u00e3, v\u00d7 c\u00b8c b\u00b9n v\u00b5 ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi, ch\u00f3ng ta c\u00efng chung m\u00e9t l\u00eei \u00ddch. Ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi y\u00aau c\u00c7u c\u00b8c b\u00b9n coi ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi nh\u2212 b\u00b9n v\u00b5 anh em c\u00f1a c\u00b8c b\u00b9n. Ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi s\u00b8t c\u00b8nh v\u00edi c\u00b8c b\u00b9n trong cu\u00e9c kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00cau tranh c\u00f1a c\u00b8c b\u00b9n ch\u00e8ng s\u00f9 tham t\u00b5n c\u00f1a b\u00e4n th\u00f9c d\u00a9n, s\u00f9 hung b\u00b9o c\u00f1a b\u00e4n cai tr\u00de v\u00b5 binh l\u00ddnh, b\u00e4n n\u00b5y c\u00e3 nh\u00f7ng t\u00aan \u00ae\u00e5ng lo\u00b7 l\u00b5 b\u00e4n quan l\u00b9i b\u00b6n x\u00f8. Ng\u00b5y m\u00b5 ch\u00f3ng ta s\u00cf \u00ae\u2212\u00eec t\u00f9 do nh\u00ea \u00eb th\u00b5nh c\u00abng c\u00f1a s\u00f9 thay","l\u00eai k\u00aau g\u00e4i c\u00f1a ban nghi\u00aan c\u00f8u... 485 \u00ae\u00e6i m\u00b5 ch\u00f3ng ta \u00aeang chu\u00c8n b\u00de \u00ae\u00a9y, s\u00f9 l\u00c7m than kh\u00e6 c\u00f9c c\u00f1a c\u00b8c b\u00b9n s\u00cf ch\u00cam d\u00f8t. L\u00f3c \u00ae\u00e3 c\u00b8c b\u00b9n s\u00cf c\u00e3 th\u00d3 t\u00f9 \u00aei\u00d2u khi\u00d3n l\u00cay c\u00abng vi\u00d6c c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh v\u00b5 k\u00d5t qu\u00b6 lao \u00ae\u00e9ng c\u00f1a c\u00b8c b\u00b9n s\u00cf thu\u00e9c v\u00d2 c\u00b8c b\u00b9n. M\u00e8i quan h\u00d6 gi\u00f7a ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi v\u00edi c\u00b8c b\u00b9n s\u00cf l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng m\u00e8i quan h\u00d6 \u00aeo\u00b5n k\u00d5t v\u00b5 li\u00aan minh. Vi\u00d5t v\u00b5o th\u00b8ng 1-1922. B\u00b8o Nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n, s\u00e8 7691, ng\u00b5y 26-5-1975.","486 B\u00b6N TRUY\u00d2N \u00a7\u00a5N B\u00bbNG TI\u00d5NG VI\u00d6T C\u00f1A BAN NGHI\u00a3N C\u00f8U THU\u00e9C \u00a7\u00deA C\u00f1A \u00a7\u00b6NG C\u00e9NG S\u00b6N PH\u00b8P C\u00b8c b\u00b9n lao \u00ae\u00e9ng b\u00b6n x\u00f8! Nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00e9ng s\u00b6n \u00eb ch\u00ddnh qu\u00e8c hi\u00d3u r\u00e2 n\u00e7i \u00aeau kh\u00e6 c\u00f1a c\u00b8c b\u00b9n... C\u00b8c b\u00b9n b\u00de hai l\u00c7n b\u00e3c l\u00e9t: l\u00b5 lao \u00ae\u00e9ng v\u00b5 l\u00b5 d\u00a9n b\u00b6n x\u00f8. Nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai ch\u00f1 c\u00b8c b\u00b9n t\u00f5 ch\u00ddnh qu\u00e8c \u00ae\u00d5n kh\u00abng h\u00b5nh \u00ae\u00e9ng m\u00e9t m\u00d7nh. Nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai quy\u00d2n th\u00d5 \u00eb n\u2212\u00edc c\u00b8c b\u00b9n, b\u00e4n \u00ae\u00b9i \u00ae\u00dea ch\u00f1 v\u00b5 b\u00e4n c\u00c7m \u00ae\u00c7u mu\u00e8n gi\u00f7 c\u00f1a c\u00b6i v\u00b5 quy\u00d2n h\u00b5nh c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng. \u00a7\u00d3 b\u00e3c l\u00e9t c\u00b8c b\u00b9n, ch\u00f3ng \u00ae\u00b7 c\u00a9u k\u00d5t v\u00edi ch\u00ddnh quy\u00d2n, b\u00e4n th\u00f9c d\u00a9n v\u00b5 c\u00b8c c\u00abng ty ch\u00a9u \u00a2u... Nh\u2212 \u00eb kh\u00bep m\u00e4i n\u00aci tr\u00aan th\u00d5 gi\u00edi, ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi \u00ae\u00b7 l\u00cbp ra m\u00e9t \u00a7\u00b6ng C\u00e9ng s\u00b6n l\u00edn \u00ae\u00cau tranh \u00ae\u00d3 gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng m\u00e4i ng\u2212\u00eai lao \u00ae\u00e9ng. \u00a7\u00b6ng mu\u00e8n ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng \u00f1ng h\u00e9 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai anh em c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh \u00eb thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea. N\u00e3 \u00ae\u00d2 ngh\u00de c\u00b8c b\u00b9n cho bi\u00d5t nh\u00f7ng s\u00f9 \u00ae\u00b5n \u00b8p m\u00b5 c\u00b8c b\u00b9n l\u00b5 n\u00b9n nh\u00a9n. N\u00e3 d\u00b5nh cho c\u00b8c b\u00b9n b\u00b8o ch\u00dd c\u00f1a n\u00e3 v\u00b5 s\u00f9 gi\u00f3p \u00ae\u00ec c\u00f1a nh\u00f7ng nh\u00b5 ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de c\u00f1a n\u00e3. N\u00e3 \u00ae\u00d2 ngh\u00de c\u00b8c b\u00b9n gi\u00f3p \u00ae\u00ec n\u00e3 t\u00ddch c\u00f9c v\u00b5 \u00eb n\u2212\u00edc thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea n\u00b5o c\u00e3 chi b\u00e9 \u00a7\u00b6ng, ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi mong c\u00b8c b\u00b9n coi \u00ae\u00e3 l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng c\u00ac quan b\u00b6o v\u00d6 c\u00b8c b\u00b9n. N\u00e3 \u00ae\u00d2 ngh\u00de c\u00b8c b\u00b9n \u00aeo\u00b5n k\u00d5t l\u00b9i gi\u00f7a nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai lao \u00ae\u00e9ng \u00eb nh\u00b5 m\u00b8y v\u00b5 n\u00abng th\u00abn, b\u00d5n t\u00b5u v\u00b5 c\u00e3 nh\u00f7ng m\u00e8i quan h\u00d6 h\u00f7u ngh\u00de v\u00edi nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai lao \u00ae\u00e9ng t\u00f5 ch\u00ddnh qu\u00e8c t\u00edi ng\u00b5y c\u00b5ng nhi\u00d2u, h\u00e4 thu\u00e9c c\u00efng giai c\u00cap v\u00edi c\u00b8c b\u00b9n.","b\u00b6n truy\u00d2n \u00ae\u00acn b\u00bbng ti\u00d5ng vi\u00d6t... 487 V\u00d7 n\u00d2n ho\u00b5 b\u00d7nh th\u00d5 gi\u00edi, v\u00d7 t\u00f9 do v\u00b5 \u00cam no, nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00de b\u00e3c l\u00e9t thu\u00e9c m\u00e4i ch\u00f1ng t\u00e9c c\u00c7n \u00aeo\u00b5n k\u00d5t l\u00b9i v\u00b5 ch\u00e8ng b\u00e4n \u00b8p b\u00f8c. B\u00b8o Nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n, s\u00e8 7689, ng\u00b5y 24-5-1975.","488 L\u00eaI K\u00a3U G\u00e4I THAM GIA H\u00e9I H\u00eeP T\u00b8C XU\u00caT B\u00b6N B\u00b8O LE PARIA1) Pari, ng\u00b5y 10 th\u00b8ng 2 n\u00a8m 1922 C\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd th\u00a9n m\u00d5n, C\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd \u00ae\u00b7 nh\u00cbn hay s\u00cf nh\u00cbn m\u00e9t b\u00b6n \u00aei\u00d2u l\u00d6 H\u00e9i h\u00eep t\u00b8c c\u00f1a b\u00b8o Le Paria. H\u00e9i n\u00b5y \u00aeang th\u00b5nh l\u00cbp s\u00cf xu\u00cat b\u00b6n m\u00e9t t\u00ea b\u00b8o nh\u2212 t\u00aan \u00ae\u00b7 n\u00aau v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00e3 s\u00cf l\u00b5 m\u00e9t xu\u00cat b\u00b6n ph\u00c8m th\u00cbt s\u00f9 c\u00f1a thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea. Ch\u00bcng c\u00c7n nh\u00can m\u00b9nh \u00ae\u00d5n s\u00f9 kh\u00c8n c\u00cap ph\u00b6i cho ra t\u00ea b\u00b8o n\u00b5y. C\u00b8c b\u00b9n ta \u00eb ch\u00ddnh qu\u00e8c b\u00bet \u00ae\u00c7u c\u00b6m th\u00cay c\u00c7n ph\u00b6i thay \u00ae\u00e6i t\u00d7nh h\u00d7nh hi\u00d6n nay \u00eb c\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea. Nh\u2212ng do ch\u00e7 kh\u00abng c\u00e3 t\u2212 li\u00d6u, h\u00e4 ch\u00ea m\u00b7i m\u00b7i ho\u00c6c h\u00b5nh \u00ae\u00e9ng ch\u00bcng ch\u00bec ch\u00ben g\u00d7. Trong c\u00b6 hai tr\u2212\u00eang h\u00eep, c\u00e3 nguy c\u00ac h\u00e4 l\u00b5m h\u00b9i phong tr\u00b5o chung \u00ae\u00d3 thi\u00d5t l\u00cbp l\u00b9i c\u00abng l\u00fd trong nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n c\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea. V\u00d2 ph\u00dda m\u00d7nh, c\u00b8c d\u00a9n t\u00e9c \u00eb thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea ti\u00d5p t\u00f4c t\u2212\u00ebng r\u00bbng nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p lu\u00abn lu\u00abn l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng vi\u00aan ch\u00f8c ho\u00b9nh h\u00e4e v\u00b5 ch\u00bcng c\u00e3 l\u00dfng x\u00e3t th\u2212\u00acng n\u00b5y hay l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng t\u00aan th\u00f9c d\u00a9n m\u00b5 ch\u2212\u00acng tr\u00d7nh l\u00b5 b\u00e3c l\u00e9t v\u00cbt v\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai \u00eb thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea. Ti\u00d5ng n\u00e3i c\u00f1a nh\u00f7ng c\u00f9u chi\u00d5n binh ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00b6n x\u00f8, \u00ae\u00b7 t\u00f5ng \u00aeau kh\u00e6 b\u00aan c\u00b9nh nh\u00f7ng \\\"ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00abng l\u00b8 x\u00e5m xo\u00b5m\\\" \u00eb Ph\u00b8p, l\u00b9i c\u00b5ng b\u00cat l\u00f9c \u00ae\u00d3 ng\u00a8n h\u00e4 kh\u00e1i tin r\u00bbng m\u00e4i binh s\u00dc c\u00f2 c\u00f1a \\\"\u00ae\u00b9i chi\u00d5n\\\", - d\u2212\u00edi con m\u00bet c\u00b8c v\u00de c\u00e3 ch\u00f8c quy\u00d2n \u00eb _______________ 1) \u00a7\u00c7u \u00ae\u00d2 do ban bi\u00aan t\u00cbp \u00ae\u00c6t.","l\u00eai k\u00aau g\u00e4i tham gia h\u00e9i h\u00eep t\u00b8c... 489 thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea, - l\u00b5 m\u00e9t ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00b8ng ng\u00ea v\u00b5 l\u00b5 m\u00e9t \u00ae\u00e8i t\u2212\u00eeng ph\u00b6i ki\u00d3m so\u00b8t \u00ae\u00c6c bi\u00d6t nghi\u00aam ng\u00c6t. C\u00b8c b\u00b9n \u00eb m\u00c9u qu\u00e8c, c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd \u00eb thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea, v\u00d7 l\u00eei \u00ddch c\u00f1a c\u00abng l\u00fd, ch\u00a9n l\u00fd v\u00b5 ti\u00d5n b\u00e9, c\u00c7n ph\u00b6i xo\u00b8 kho\u00b6ng c\u00b8ch gi\u00b6 t\u00b9o d\u2212\u00eang nh\u2212 chia r\u00cf c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd. T\u00ea Le Paria, l\u00b5 t\u00ea b\u00b8o \u00ae\u00c7u ti\u00aan nh\u00bbm m\u00f4c \u00ae\u00ddch ho\u00b5n th\u00b5nh nhi\u00d6m v\u00f4 \u00cay. Nhi\u00d6m v\u00f4 n\u00b5y ch\u00bcng d\u00d4 d\u00b5ng g\u00d7; \u00ae\u00d3 \u00ae\u00e8i ph\u00e3, v\u00edi hy v\u00e4ng th\u00beng l\u00eei, ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi k\u00aau g\u00e4i s\u00f9 t\u00cbn tu\u00fe c\u00f1a c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd m\u00b5 t\u00abi bi\u00d5t l\u00b5 v\u00ab bi\u00aan. H\u00b7y tham gia h\u00e9i h\u00eep t\u00b8c c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng ta, Le Paria, hay \u00ae\u00c6t mua d\u00b5i h\u00b9n ngay t\u00f5 b\u00a9y gi\u00ea t\u00ea b\u00b8o c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi c\u00efng t\u00aan \u00cay; ho\u00c6c, n\u00d5u \u00ae\u2212\u00eec, c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd h\u00b7y l\u00b5m c\u00b6 hai \u00aei\u00d2u tr\u00aan. S\u00f9 th\u00b5nh c\u00abng c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng ta ph\u00f4 thu\u00e9c v\u00b5o s\u00f9 t\u00cbn tu\u00fe c\u00f1a \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd, v\u00b5 t\u2212\u00acng lai c\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea l\u00b9i ph\u00f4 thu\u00e9c v\u00b5o s\u00f9 th\u00b5nh c\u00abng tr\u00aan; ch\u00f3ng ta d\u00b8m kh\u00bcng \u00ae\u00denh nh\u2212 v\u00cby. C\u00e8 g\u00beng l\u00aan m\u00e9t ch\u00f3t, b\u00bbng c\u00b8ch gi\u00f3p \u00ae\u00ec ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi. C\u00b8c b\u00b9n v\u00b5 c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd, s\u00cf ph\u00f4c v\u00f4 s\u00f9 nghi\u00d6p ho\u00b5 b\u00d7nh v\u00b5 nh\u00a9n lo\u00b9i. R\u00cat th\u00a9n thi\u00d5t. Thay m\u00c6t H\u00e9i \u00ae\u00e5ng qu\u00b6n tr\u00de XT\u00a3PHANY Th\u00f1 qu\u00fc ch\u00ddnh GUT\u00a5NOA \u00a7\u00a5 TURY Th\u00f1 qu\u00fc ph\u00f4 NGUY\u00d4N \u00b8I QU\u00e8C T\u00b5i li\u00d6u \u00ae\u00b8nh m\u00b8y, ti\u00d5ng Ph\u00b8p, b\u00b6n ch\u00f4p l\u2212u t\u00b9i Vi\u00d6n H\u00e5 Ch\u00dd Minh.","490 L\u00eaI K\u00a3U G\u00e4I C\u00b8ch ra b\u00b8o h\u00bbng th\u00b8ng c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi n\u00e3i l\u00aan r\u00bbng: Le Paria ra m\u00bet b\u00b9n \u00ae\u00e4c trong nh\u00f7ng \u00aei\u00d2u ki\u00d6n h\u00d5t s\u00f8c h\u00b9n ch\u00d5 v\u00d2 ph\u2212\u00acng di\u00d6n t\u00b5i ch\u00ddnh. V\u00b5 l\u00eai tuy\u00aan b\u00e8 n\u00b5y gi\u00f3p cho nh\u00f7ng ai c\u00e3 th\u00d3 c\u00dfn ph\u00a9n v\u00a9n v\u00d2 h\u00b5nh \u00ae\u00e9ng xu\u00cat hi\u00d6n \u00eb \u00ae\u00a9y l\u00c7n \u00ae\u00c7u ti\u00aan kh\u00e1i ph\u00b6i m\u00cat c\u00abng t\u00d7m hi\u00d3u v\u00ab \u00ddch. Th\u00f9c v\u00cby, trong l\u00dech s\u00f6 phong tr\u00b5o qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng b\u00b6n x\u00f8 \u00eb c\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea c\u00f1a Ph\u00b8p, ch\u2212a bao gi\u00ea c\u00e3 m\u00e9t t\u00ea b\u00b8o \u00ae\u2212\u00eec l\u00cbp ra \u00ae\u00d3 n\u00e3i l\u00aan n\u00e7i \u00aeau kh\u00e6 v\u00b5 t\u00d7nh tr\u00b9ng c\u00efng kh\u00e8n chung c\u00f1a h\u00e4, b\u00cat k\u00d3 l\u00b5 h\u00e4 thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00cat n\u2212\u00edc v\u00b5 gi\u00e8ng n\u00dfi n\u00b5o. Le Paria ra \u00ae\u00eai do s\u00f9 \u00ae\u00e5ng c\u00b6m s\u00a9u s\u00bec c\u00f1a c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd \u00eb B\u00bec Phi, T\u00a9y Phi thu\u00e9c Ph\u00b8p, Ma\u00aeag\u00b8txca, \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng, \u00a1ngti\u00ac v\u00b5 Guyan. B\u00b8o ra \u00ae\u00eai ch\u00ddnh l\u00b5 v\u00d7 nh\u00f7ng l\u00eai h\u00f8a h\u00d1n d\u00e8i tr\u00b8 v\u00d2 t\u00f9 do v\u00b5 c\u00abng l\u00fd \u00ae\u2212\u00eec \u00ae\u2212a ra trong qu\u00b8 tr\u00d7nh cu\u00e9c ch\u00d0m gi\u00d5t kh\u00f1ng khi\u00d5p nh\u00f7ng n\u00a8m 1914-1918, nh\u2212ng ho\u00b5n to\u00b5n kh\u00abng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec th\u00f9c hi\u00d6n sau khi c\u00acn gi\u00abng t\u00e8 d\u00deu \u00aei. T\u00ea b\u00b8o bi\u00d3u hi\u00d6n \u00fd th\u00f8c t\u00cbp th\u00d3 c\u00f1a nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai v\u00ab s\u00b6n b\u00b6n x\u00f8 hi\u00d3u r\u00cat r\u00e2 r\u00bbng: b\u00e4n b\u00e3c l\u00e9t l\u00eei nhu\u00cbn v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00c6c quy\u00d2n, \u00ae\u00c6c l\u00eei, kh\u00abng mu\u00e8n m\u00cat \u00aei, d\u00ef l\u00b5 m\u00e9t ch\u00f3t quy\u00d2n l\u00f9c v\u00b5 ni\u00d2m ki\u00aau h\u00b7nh c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng. B\u00e4n c\u00c7m quy\u00d2n v\u00f5a m\u00ef, v\u00f5a \u00aei\u00d5c, kh\u00abng mu\u00e8n hi\u00d3u ch\u00f3t g\u00d7 v\u00d2 nh\u00f7ng bi\u00d5n c\u00e8 \u00aeang thai ngh\u00d0n tr\u00aan th\u00d5 gi\u00edi. Le Paria t\u00e8 c\u00b8o nh\u00f7ng s\u00f9 l\u00b9m quy\u00d2n v\u00d2 ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de, l\u00e8i cai tr\u00de \u00ae\u00e9c \u00aeo\u00b8n, t\u00d7nh tr\u00b9ng b\u00de b\u00e3c l\u00e9t v\u00d2 kinh t\u00d5 m\u00b5 nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n c\u00b8c v\u00efng l\u00b7nh th\u00e6 r\u00e9ng l\u00edn \u00eb h\u00b6i ngo\u00b9i \u00aeang l\u00b5 n\u00b9n nh\u00a9n. B\u00b8o k\u00aau g\u00e4i h\u00e4 \u00aeo\u00b5n k\u00d5t l\u00b9i, \u00ae\u00cau tranh cho ti\u00d5n b\u00e9 v\u00d2 v\u00cbt ch\u00cat v\u00b5 tinh th\u00c7n c\u00f1a ch\u00ddnh","l\u00eai k\u00aau g\u00e4i 491 h\u00e4. B\u00b8o k\u00aau g\u00e4i h\u00e4, t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c h\u00e4, nh\u00bbm m\u00f4c \u00ae\u00ddch gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00de \u00b8p b\u00f8c kh\u00e1i c\u00b8c l\u00f9c l\u2212\u00eeng th\u00e8ng tr\u00de, th\u00f9c hi\u00d6n t\u00d7nh y\u00aau th\u2212\u00acng v\u00b5 b\u00b8c \u00b8i. V\u00b5 b\u00a9y gi\u00ea, \u00ae\u00e9i ng\u00f2 \u00ae\u00b7 s\u00bdn s\u00b5ng, c\u00b8c b\u00b9n da v\u00b5ng, da tr\u00beng v\u00b5 da \u00aeen, h\u00b7y \u00ae\u00c6t mua b\u00b8o c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi; h\u00b7y g\u00f6i cho ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi t\u00b5i li\u00d6u; h\u00b7y \u00ae\u00f8ng b\u00aan c\u00b9nh ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi; h\u00b7y ra s\u00f8c \u00f1ng h\u00e9 ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi, d\u00ef cho ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi c\u00e3 g\u00c6p ph\u00b6i nh\u00f7ng lu\u00e5ng b\u00b7o t\u00b8p ng\u2212\u00eec chi\u00d2u th\u00d5 n\u00b5o ch\u00a8ng n\u00f7a. Le Paria \u00ae\u00b7 s\u00bdn s\u00b5ng b\u2212\u00edc v\u00b5o cu\u00e9c chi\u00d5n \u00ae\u00cau, m\u00f4c \u00ae\u00ddch c\u00f1a b\u00b8o ch\u00bec ch\u00ben s\u00cf \u00ae\u00b9t \u00ae\u2212\u00eec: \u00ae\u00e3 l\u00b5 gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng lo\u00b5i ng\u2212\u00eai. LE PARIA B\u00b8o Le Paria, s\u00e8 1, ng\u00b5y 1-4-1922.","492 KI\u00d5N NGH\u00de V\u00edI \u00a7\u00b9I H\u00e9I L\u00c7N TH\u00f8 II \u00a7\u00b6NG C\u00e9NG S\u00b6N PH\u00b8P1) Nh\u00cbn th\u00cay r\u00bbng \u00a7\u00b9i h\u00e9i Qu\u00e8c t\u00d5 C\u00e9ng s\u00b6n l\u00c7n th\u00f8 IV s\u00bep t\u00edi b\u00b5n \u00ae\u00d5n v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea v\u00b5 vi\u00d6c \u00ae\u00e3 ph\u00b6i l\u00b5 c\u00abng t\u00b8c h\u00b5ng \u00ae\u00c7u c\u00f1a nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00e9ng s\u00b6n Ph\u00b8p, trong khi giai c\u00cap t\u2212 s\u00b6n h\u00b7m trong v\u00dfng \u00b8p b\u00f8c r\u00cat nhi\u00d2u nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea. Quy\u00d5t \u00ae\u00denh r\u00bbng v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea s\u00cf \u00ae\u2212\u00eec \u00ae\u2212a v\u00b5o ch\u2212\u00acng tr\u00d7nh ngh\u00de s\u00f9 c\u00f1a H\u00e9i ngh\u00de to\u00b5n qu\u00e8c c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng. Trong khi ch\u00ea \u00ae\u00eei, th\u00abng qua l\u00eai k\u00aau g\u00e4i nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea do Ban nghi\u00aan c\u00f8u thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea th\u00b6o v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00d2 ngh\u00de \u00ae\u00a8ng l\u00eai k\u00aau g\u00e4i \u00ae\u00e3 tr\u00aan b\u00b8o L' Humanit\u00d0. Y\u00aau c\u00c7u c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00b6ng b\u00e9 c\u00e9ng s\u00b6n \u00eb thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea t\u00a8ng c\u2212\u00eang c\u00abng t\u00b8c tuy\u00aan truy\u00d2n v\u00b5 k\u00d5t n\u00b9p \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan trong s\u00e8 ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00b6n x\u00f8 v\u00b5 y\u00aau c\u00c7u c\u00f6 c\u00b5ng nhi\u00d2u c\u00b5ng t\u00e8t nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00b6n x\u00f8 \u00aei d\u00f9 H\u00e9i ngh\u00de to\u00b5n qu\u00e8c. Vi\u00d5t v\u00b5o th\u00b8ng 10-1922. B\u00b8o Nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n, s\u00e8 7695, ng\u00b5y 30-5-1975. _______________ 1) B\u00b6n ki\u00d5n ngh\u00de n\u00b5y do Nguy\u00d4n \u00b8i Qu\u00e8c, \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan \u00a7\u00b6ng C\u00e9ng s\u00b6n Ph\u00b8p, c\u00efng m\u00e9t s\u00e8 \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan ng\u2212\u00eai thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea tr\u00d7nh tr\u2212\u00edc \u00a7\u00b9i h\u00e9i \u00a7\u00b6ng (BT).","493 \u00ae\u00b6ng c\u00e9ng s\u00b6n v\u00b5 v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea G\u00f6i ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00b6n x\u00f8 c\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea, H\u00eci nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai lao \u00ae\u00e9ng b\u00b6n x\u00f8! Nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00e9ng s\u00b6n \u00eb ch\u00ddnh qu\u00e8c bi\u00d5t \u00ae\u2212\u00eec n\u00e7i kh\u00e6 c\u00f1a c\u00b8c b\u00b9n. H\u00e4 bi\u00d5t r\u00bbng t\u00f5 ng\u00b5y c\u00b8c x\u00f8 s\u00eb c\u00f1a c\u00b8c b\u00b9n b\u00de nh\u00f7ng qu\u00a9n nh\u00a9n x\u00a9m chi\u00d5m, c\u00b8c b\u00b9n m\u00cat h\u00d5t t\u00f9 do, r\u00bbng ng\u2212\u00eai ta \u00ae\u00b7 s\u00f6 d\u00f4ng nh\u00f7ng bi\u00d6n ph\u00b8p t\u00b5n b\u00b9o \u00ae\u00d3 bu\u00e9c c\u00b8c b\u00b9n ph\u00b6i lao \u00ae\u00e9ng m\u00b5 kh\u00abng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec thu g\u00c6t th\u00b5nh qu\u00b6. Nh\u00f7ng quan cai tr\u00de, d\u00a9n s\u00f9 hay qu\u00a9n s\u00f9, kh\u00f1ng b\u00e8 c\u00b8c b\u00b9n, \u00b8p d\u00f4ng nh\u00f7ng lu\u00cbt l\u00d6 t\u00b5n kh\u00e8c v\u00edi c\u00b8c b\u00b9n. Ch\u00f3ng \u00ae\u00b7 t\u00b9o n\u00aan hai lo\u00b9i to\u00b5 \u00b8n: m\u00e9t cho b\u00b9n th\u00a9n c\u00f1a h\u00e4, hi\u00d2n l\u00b5nh, khoan ho\u00b5, v\u00b5 to\u00b5 \u00b8n kia l\u00b5 cho c\u00b8c b\u00b9n, kh\u00bet khe v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00c9m m\u00b8u. C\u00b8c b\u00b9n b\u00de b\u00e3c l\u00e9t hai l\u00c7n: tr\u00aan t\u2212 c\u00b8ch l\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai lao \u00ae\u00e9ng v\u00b5 tr\u00aan t\u2212 c\u00b8ch l\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00b6n x\u00f8. Ch\u00f1 c\u00f1a c\u00b8c b\u00b9n, xu\u00cat ph\u00b8t t\u00f5 m\u00c9u qu\u00e8c, kh\u00abng h\u00b5nh \u00ae\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00acn \u00ae\u00e9c. Nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00e3 quy\u00d2n l\u00f9c \u00eb n\u2212\u00edc c\u00b8c b\u00b9n, nh\u00f7ng nghi\u00d6p ch\u00f1 l\u00edn v\u00b5 c\u00b8c \u00abng ch\u00f1 mu\u00e8n b\u00b6o v\u00d6 c\u00f1a c\u00b6i v\u00b5 quy\u00d2n th\u00d5 c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh, li\u00aan minh v\u00edi nhau \u00ae\u00d3 b\u00e3c l\u00e9t c\u00b8c b\u00b9n, li\u00aan minh v\u00edi ch\u00ddnh quy\u00d2n, v\u00edi b\u00e4n th\u00f9c d\u00a9n v\u00b5 c\u00b8c c\u00abng ty ch\u00a9u \u00a2u. Trong chi\u00d5n tranh, thanh ni\u00aan n\u2212\u00edc c\u00b8c b\u00b9n b\u00de b\u00f8t ra kh\u00e1i nh\u00b5; ho\u00c6c b\u00bbng c\u00b8c l\u00eai h\u00f8a h\u00b7o, ho\u00c6c b\u00bbng \u00aee do\u00b9 v\u00b5 v\u00f2 l\u00f9c, v\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai ta \u00ae\u00b7 \u00ae\u2212a ch\u00f3ng \u00ae\u00d5n l\u00df m\u00e6 t\u00f8c l\u00b5 chi\u00d5n tranh \u00ae\u00d3 b\u00b6o v\u00d6 l\u00eei quy\u00d2n v\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng h\u00cbn th\u00ef c\u00f1a ch\u00ddnh nh\u00f7ng k\u00ce gi\u00b5u c\u00e3 \u00ae\u00b7 chinh ph\u00f4c \u00ae\u00cat n\u2212\u00edc c\u00b8c b\u00b9n. Nhi\u00d2u ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00b7 b\u00e1 m\u00b9ng, nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai kh\u00b8c b\u00de th\u2212\u00acng t\u00cbt su\u00e8t \u00ae\u00eai. Ng\u2212\u00eai ta kh\u00abng gi\u00f7 l\u00eai h\u00f8a n\u00aau ra trong chi\u00d5n tranh, l\u00b5","494 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP nh\u2212\u00eeng l\u00b9i cho c\u00b8c b\u00b9n nh\u00f7ng quy\u00d2n tr\u00e4n v\u00d1n v\u00d2 con ng\u2212\u00eai v\u00b5 v\u00d2 c\u00abng d\u00a9n. Ngo\u00b5i ra, c\u00b8c \u00abng ch\u00f1 n\u00b5y ti\u00d5p t\u00f4c \u00d0p c\u00b8c b\u00b9n cung c\u00cap cho h\u00e4 binh l\u00ddnh cho m\u00e9t cu\u00e9c chi\u00d5n tranh n\u00e6 ra nay mai th\u00abi m\u00b5 l\u00dfng tham c\u00f1a c\u00b8c \u00abng ch\u00f1 \u00aeang chu\u00c8n b\u00de v\u00b5 v\u00edi hy v\u00e4ng d\u00efng c\u00b8c b\u00b9n \u00ae\u00d3 \u00ae\u00b5n \u00b8p c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng m\u00b5 ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi chu\u00c8n b\u00de \u00ae\u00d3 gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng chung ch\u00f3ng ta. C\u00e3 l\u00cf c\u00b8c b\u00b9n t\u2212\u00ebng r\u00bbng t\u00cat c\u00b6 m\u00e4i ng\u2212\u00eai s\u00e8ng \u00eb Ph\u00b8p c\u00f2ng \u00ae\u00d2u c\u00e3 quy\u00d2n l\u00f9c c\u00b6 v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00d2u \u00ae\u00e5ng t\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00d3 duy tr\u00d7 c\u00b8c b\u00b9n trong v\u00dfng n\u00ab l\u00d6. Kh\u00abng. \u00eb n\u2212\u00edc Ph\u00b8p m\u00c9u qu\u00e8c c\u00f2ng c\u00e3 v\u00b5 c\u00e3 nhi\u00d2u nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai kh\u00b8c ch\u00bcng c\u00e3 t\u00b5i s\u00b6n g\u00d7 c\u00b6, ph\u00b6i lao \u00ae\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00d3 s\u00e8ng, d\u2212\u00edi quy\u00d2n c\u00f2ng nh\u00f7ng \u00abng ch\u00f1 \u00cay, v\u00b5 ch\u00deu \u00ae\u00d3 ng\u2212\u00eai gi\u00b5u b\u00e3c l\u00e9t. Nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai g\u00a9y n\u00aan n\u00e7i th\u00e8ng kh\u00e6 c\u00f1a c\u00b8c b\u00b9n v\u00b5 duy tr\u00d7 n\u00e3 v\u00d7 \u00aei\u00d2u \u00ae\u00e3 c\u00e3 l\u00eei cho h\u00e4, nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai \u00cay l\u00b5 thi\u00d3u s\u00e8 \u00eb m\u00c9u qu\u00e8c, nh\u2212ng h\u00e4 c\u00e3 quy\u00d2n l\u00f9c v\u00d7 h\u00e4 r\u00cat gi\u00b5u; v\u00b5 ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi, l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai thu\u00e9c \u00aea s\u00e8, ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi l\u00b5 n\u00b9n nh\u00a9n c\u00f1a nh\u00f7ng b\u00b9o ng\u2212\u00eec c\u00f1a h\u00e4, ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi \u00ae\u00cau tranh ch\u00e8ng l\u00b9i h\u00e4. H\u00e4 c\u00f2ng \u00ae\u2212a ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi - nh\u2212 c\u00b8c b\u00b9n - ra m\u00c6t tr\u00cbn v\u00b5 h\u00e4 d\u00efng b\u00b9o l\u00f9c b\u00f8t con c\u00b8i ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi ra, bi\u00d5n ch\u00f3ng th\u00b5nh l\u00ddnh tr\u00b8ng \u00ae\u00d3 ch\u00f3ng b\u00b6o v\u00d6 nh\u00f7ng c\u00f1a c\u00b6i kh\u00abng thu\u00e9c v\u00d2 ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi. \u00a7\u2212\u00eec t\u00f9 do ch\u00f3t \u00ddt h\u00acn c\u00b8c b\u00b9n, ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi \u00ae\u00b7 c\u00e3 th\u00d3 li\u00aan hi\u00d6p l\u00b9i \u00ae\u00d3 \u00ae\u00cau tranh ch\u00e8ng l\u00b9i ch\u00f1 c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi v\u00b5 ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi chu\u00c8n b\u00de l\u00cbt \u00ae\u00e6 h\u00e4 \u00ae\u00d3 t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c, ch\u00d8 nh\u00bbm l\u00eei \u00ddch c\u00f1a m\u00e4i ng\u2212\u00eai, m\u00e9t x\u00b7 h\u00e9i to\u00b5n c\u00c7u t\u00f9 do h\u00acn v\u00b5 c\u00abng b\u00bbng h\u00acn, \u00eb \u00ae\u00e3 lao \u00ae\u00e9ng l\u00b5 t\u00e8i cao. V\u00d7 th\u00d5 ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi \u00ae\u00b7 th\u00b5nh l\u00cbp, nh\u2212 \u00eb m\u00e4i n\u00aci tr\u00aan th\u00d5 gi\u00edi, m\u00e9t \u00a7\u00b6ng C\u00e9ng s\u00b6n v\u00dc \u00ae\u00b9i, \u00ae\u00cau tranh \u00ae\u00d3 gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng m\u00e4i ng\u2212\u00eai lao \u00ae\u00e9ng. \u00a7\u00b6ng ch\u00f1 tr\u2212\u00acng n\u00e7 l\u00f9c \u00ae\u00d3 c\u00f8u v\u00edt t\u00cat c\u00b6 nh\u00f7ng anh em \u00eb c\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea, \u00ae\u00b6ng y\u00aau c\u00c7u c\u00b8c b\u00b9n th\u00abng tin cho \u00ae\u00b6ng bi\u00d5t v\u00d2 t\u00cat c\u00b6 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eec \u00ae\u00b7i m\u00b5 c\u00b8c b\u00b9n m\u00e7i l\u00f3c l\u00b9i l\u00b5 n\u00b9n nh\u00a9n; \u00ae\u00b6ng s\u00bdn s\u00b5ng \u00ae\u00d3 c\u00b8c b\u00b9n tuy\u00aan truy\u00d2n tr\u00aan b\u00b8o ch\u00dd c\u00f1a \u00ae\u00b6ng v\u00b5 s\u00bdn s\u00b5ng \u00ae\u00d3 c\u00b8c nh\u00a9n v\u00cbt ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de c\u00f1a \u00ae\u00b6ng gi\u00f3p \u00ae\u00ec c\u00b8c b\u00b9n. \u00a7\u00b6ng y\u00aau c\u00c7u c\u00b8c b\u00b9n th\u00a9n thi\u00d6n v\u00edi \u00ae\u00b6ng v\u00b5, \u00eb trong c\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea m\u00b5 c\u00e3 t\u00e5n t\u00b9i c\u00b8c","\u00ae\u00b6ng c\u00e9ng s\u00b6n v\u00b5 v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea 495 chi nh\u00b8nh c\u00f1a \u00ae\u00b6ng ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi, c\u00b8c b\u00b9n h\u00b7y coi c\u00b8c chi nh\u00b8nh \u00cay l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng c\u00ac quan b\u00b6o v\u00d6 c\u00b8c b\u00b9n. \u00a7\u00b6ng y\u00aau c\u00c7u nh\u00cat l\u00b5 c\u00b8c b\u00b9n \u00aeo\u00b5n k\u00d5t l\u00b9i, gi\u00f7a lao \u00ae\u00e9ng \u00eb x\u00dd nghi\u00d6p, \u00eb n\u00abng th\u00abn... v\u00b5 duy tr\u00d7 nh\u00f7ng quan h\u00d6 anh em v\u00edi nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai lao \u00ae\u00e9ng t\u00f5 m\u00c9u qu\u00e8c \u00ae\u00d5n - ng\u00b5y c\u00b5ng nhi\u00d2u - h\u00e4 c\u00efng giai c\u00cap v\u00edi c\u00b8c b\u00b9n: h\u00e4 l\u00b5 c\u00abng nh\u00a9n, c\u00abng ch\u00f8c, n\u00abng d\u00a9n, ti\u00d3u vi\u00aan ch\u00f8c, thu\u00fb th\u00f1. V\u00d7 ho\u00b5 b\u00d7nh th\u00d5 gi\u00edi, v\u00d7 t\u00f9 do v\u00b5 s\u00f9 no \u00cam c\u00f1a m\u00e4i ng\u2212\u00eai, nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00de b\u00e3c l\u00e9t thu\u00e9c m\u00e4i n\u00dfi gi\u00e8ng, ch\u00f3ng ta h\u00b7y \u00aeo\u00b5n k\u00d5t l\u00b9i v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00cau tranh ch\u00e8ng b\u00e4n \u00b8p b\u00f8c! Ban nghi\u00aan c\u00f8u thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea c\u00f1a ph\u00a9n b\u00e9 ph\u00b8p c\u00f1a qu\u00e8c t\u00d5 c\u00e9ng s\u00b6n 120 ph\u00e8 Phay\u00d0tt\u00ac, Pari. B\u00b8o Le Paria, s\u00e8 8, ng\u00b5y 1-11-1922.","496 TRUY\u00d2N \u00a7\u00a5N C\u00e6 \u00a7\u00e9NG MUA B\u00b8O LE PARIA D\u00f9 ki\u00d5n nh\u00f7ng s\u00f9 ki\u00d6n nghi\u00aam tr\u00e4ng c\u00e3 th\u00d3 x\u00b6y ra ng\u00b5y m\u00e9t ng\u00b5y hai, b\u00b9n \u00ae\u00f5ng \u00ae\u00eei g\u00d7 m\u00b5 ch\u2212a mua b\u00b8o Le Paria v\u00b5 h\u00ab h\u00b5o b\u00b9n b\u00cc mua n\u00e3. T\u00ea b\u00b8o n\u00b5y l\u00b5 t\u00ea b\u00b8o c\u00f1a b\u00b9n, gi\u00f3p b\u00b9n tho\u00b8t kh\u00e1i c\u00b6nh n\u00ab l\u00d6 v\u00b5 s\u00cf ph\u00b8t h\u00b5nh r\u00e9ng r\u00b7i trong t\u00cat c\u00b6 c\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea, nh\u00bbm d\u00bet d\u00c9n m\u00e4i ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00de b\u00e3c l\u00e9t thu\u00e9c m\u00e4i m\u00b5u da \u00aeo\u00b5n k\u00d5t l\u00b9i d\u2212\u00edi l\u00b8 c\u00ea \u00ae\u00e1 b\u00f3a li\u00d2m \u00ae\u00d3 trong m\u00e9t phong tr\u00b5o c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng qu\u00e8c t\u00d5 r\u00e9ng l\u00edn qu\u00d0t s\u00b9ch m\u00e4i k\u00ce b\u00e3c l\u00e9t m\u00b5 ch\u00f3ng ta l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00efng kh\u00e6. Ch\u00d8 c\u00e3 ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca c\u00e9ng s\u00b6n m\u00edi c\u00f8u nh\u00a9n lo\u00b9i, \u00aeem l\u00b9i cho m\u00e4i ng\u2212\u00eai kh\u00abng ph\u00a9n bi\u00d6t ch\u00f1ng t\u00e9c v\u00b5 ngu\u00e5n g\u00e8c s\u00f9 t\u00f9 do, b\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00bcng, b\u00b8c \u00b8i, \u00aeo\u00b5n k\u00d5t, \u00cam no tr\u00aan qu\u00b6 \u00ae\u00cat, vi\u00d6c l\u00b5m cho m\u00e4i ng\u2212\u00eai v\u00b5 v\u00d7 m\u00e4i ng\u2212\u00eai, ni\u00d2m vui, h\u00dfa b\u00d7nh, h\u00b9nh ph\u00f3c, n\u00e3i t\u00e3m l\u00b9i l\u00b5 n\u00d2n c\u00e9ng ho\u00b5 th\u00d5 gi\u00edi ch\u00a9n ch\u00ddnh, x\u00e3a b\u00e1 nh\u00f7ng bi\u00aan gi\u00edi t\u2212 b\u00b6n ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca cho \u00ae\u00d5n nay ch\u00d8 l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng v\u00b8ch t\u2212\u00eang d\u00b5i ng\u00a8n c\u00b6n nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai lao \u00ae\u00e9ng tr\u00aan th\u00d5 gi\u00edi hi\u00d3u nhau v\u00b5 y\u00aau th\u2212\u00acng nhau. T\u00cat c\u00b6 m\u00e4i ng\u2212\u00eai h\u00b7y \u00ae\u00f8ng l\u00aan quanh l\u00b8 c\u00ea \u00ae\u00e1 \u00ae\u00d3 chinh ph\u00f4c th\u00d5 gi\u00edi. Lao \u00ae\u00e9ng t\u00cat c\u00b6 c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc, \u00aeo\u00b5n k\u00d5t l\u00b9i! Vi\u00d5t v\u00b5o \u00ae\u00c7u n\u00a8m 1923. B\u00b8o Nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n, s\u00e8 7695, ng\u00b5y 30-5-1975.","497 K\u00fb NI\u00d6M B\u00b8O LE PARIA M\u00e9t n\u00a8m \u00ae\u00b7 tr\u00abi qua k\u00d3 t\u00f5 khi b\u00b8o Le Paria ra \u00ae\u00eai. C\u00b8c b\u00b9n quan t\u00a9m \u00ae\u00d5n s\u00e8 ph\u00cbn c\u00f1a t\u00ea b\u00b8o ngay t\u00f5 bu\u00e6i \u00ae\u00c7u, nh\u00a9n d\u00dep k\u00fb ni\u00d6m n\u00b5y, c\u00b6m \u00acn t\u00cat c\u00b6 nh\u00f7ng ai \u00ae\u00b7 can \u00ae\u00b6m v\u00edi di\u00d4n \u00ae\u00b5n nh\u00e1 b\u00d0 n\u00b5y, b\u00b6o v\u00d6 nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n c\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea. C\u00b8c b\u00b9n mua d\u00b5i h\u00b9n, c\u00b8c b\u00b9n quy\u00aan g\u00e3p cho b\u00b8o \u00ae\u00d5n s\u00e8 g\u00c7n \u00ae\u00a9y \u00ae\u2212\u00eec 645 phr\u00a8ng1), h\u00b7y nh\u00cbn l\u00cay s\u00f9 bi\u00d5t \u00acn ch\u00a9n th\u00b5nh c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi. Ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi \u00ae\u00b7 kh\u00abng qu\u00b8 l\u00b9c quan \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi nh\u00f7ng \u00aei\u00d2u d\u00f9 \u00aeo\u00b8n tr\u2212\u00edc. Ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi hi\u00d3u r\u00e2 s\u00f9 nghi\u00d6p m\u00b5 ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi theo \u00aeu\u00e6i, \u00ae\u00c6t ra v\u00ab v\u00b5n kh\u00e3 kh\u00a8n. M\u00e9t m\u00c6t, \u00ae\u00abng \u00ae\u00b6o d\u2212 lu\u00cbn ch\u00a9u \u00a2u ch\u2212a \u00ae\u2212\u00eec chu\u00c8n b\u00de \u00ae\u00d3 theo d\u00e2i \u00ae\u00c7y \u00ae\u00f1 quan \u00aei\u00d3m c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng ta. M\u00c6t kh\u00b8c, nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai d\u00a9n thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea \u00eb Ph\u00b8p th\u2212\u00eang ch\u2212a quan t\u00a9m \u00ae\u00d5n t\u00d7nh h\u00d7nh c\u00e3 quan h\u00d6 t\u00edi s\u00e8 ph\u00cbn \u00ae\u00e5ng b\u00b5o h\u00e4 \u00eb c\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea \u00aeang ph\u00b6i \u00ae\u2212\u00acng \u00ae\u00c7u v\u00edi m\u00e4i s\u00f9 phi\u00d2n nhi\u00d4u, v\u00edi b\u00b9o l\u00f9c c\u00f1a nh\u00b5 c\u00c7m quy\u00d2n \u00eb \u00ae\u00dea ph\u2212\u00acng, v\u00edi s\u00f9 b\u00e3c l\u00e9t t\u2212 b\u00b6n ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca c\u00f1a nh\u00f7ng k\u00ce \u00aei khai ho\u00b8. Cu\u00e8i c\u00efng, kho\u00b6ng c\u00b8ch gi\u00f7a Pari v\u00edi ch\u00a9u Phi, ch\u00a9u \u00b8, ch\u00a9u M\u00fc r\u00cat xa. Nh\u00f7ng cu\u00e9c ti\u00d5p x\u00f3c gi\u00f7a ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi v\u00edi nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n c\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea m\u00b5 Le Paria c\u00e3 tr\u00b8ch _______________ 1) B\u00b5i n\u00b5y, t\u00b8c gi\u00b6 vi\u00d5t t\u00f5 tr\u2212\u00edc, n\u00aan vi\u00d5t \u201cc\u00b8c b\u00b9n quy\u00aan g\u00e3p cho b\u00b8o \u00ae\u00d5n s\u00e8 g\u00c7n \u00ae\u00a9y \u00ae\u2212\u00eec 645 phr\u00a8ng\u201d, nh\u2212ng \u00eb c\u00e9t 2, s\u00e8 14, \u00ae\u00a8ng t\u00e6ng s\u00e8 ti\u00d2n quy\u00aan g\u00e3p \u00ae\u2212\u00eec t\u00f5 \u00ae\u00c7u \u00ae\u00d5n l\u00f3c n\u00b5y \u00ae\u2212\u00eec 892 phr\u00a8ng. 645 phr\u00a8ng l\u00b5 t\u00ddnh \u00ae\u00d5n s\u00e8 13 (BT).","498 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP nhi\u00d6m b\u00b6o v\u00d6 l\u00b9i lu\u00abn lu\u00abn b\u00de c\u00b6n tr\u00eb b\u00ebi nh\u00f7ng k\u00ce th\u00e8ng tr\u00de thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea g\u00a9y ra. Nh\u2212ng ph\u00b6i th\u00f5a nh\u00cbn r\u00bbng, ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi \u00aeang \u00ae\u00f8ng tr\u2212\u00edc m\u00e9t \u00aei\u00d2u lo l\u00beng r\u00cat l\u00edn. Ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi \u00ae\u00b7 t\u00ddnh tr\u2212\u00edc r\u00bbng nhi\u00d6m v\u00f4 kh\u00c8n thi\u00d5t c\u00f1a m\u00e9t t\u00ea b\u00b8o nh\u2212 t\u00ea b\u00b8o c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi l\u00b5 ph\u00b6i b\u00b6o v\u00d6 c\u00b8c anh em b\u00b6n x\u00f8. Vi\u00d6c \u00ae\u00e3n nh\u00cbn l\u00cay nhi\u00d6m v\u00f4 \u00ae\u00e3 \u00ae\u00b7 d\u00b5nh cho Le Paria l\u00b5 \u00ae\u00f3ng v\u00edi \u00aei\u00d2u mong mu\u00e8n c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng ta. Sang n\u00a8m th\u00f8 hai, ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi mu\u00e8n th\u00f9c hi\u00d6n nh\u00f7ng vi\u00d6c l\u00b5m t\u00e8t \u00ae\u00d1p h\u00acn. Ph\u00b6i l\u00b5m cho Le Paria xu\u00cat hi\u00d6n trong m\u00e9t th\u00eai k\u00fa v\u00edi nh\u00f7ng k\u00d5t qu\u00b6 r\u00f9c r\u00ec, c\u00e3 nhi\u00d2u ng\u2212\u00eai t\u00d7m \u00ae\u00d5n b\u00b8o, v\u00edi s\u00e8 l\u2212\u00eeng b\u00b6n in t\u00a8ng h\u00acn v\u00b5 s\u00e8 trang nhi\u00d2u h\u00acn tr\u2212\u00edc. T\u00cat c\u00b6 nh\u00f7ng \u00aei\u00d2u \u00ae\u00e3 ch\u00d8 c\u00e3 th\u00d3 th\u00b5nh s\u00f9 th\u00cbt n\u00d5u c\u00e3 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec nh\u00f7ng ngu\u00e5n d\u00f9 tr\u00f7 th\u00ddch \u00ae\u00b8ng. V\u00cby m\u00b5, kh\u00abng th\u00d3 \u00ae\u00dfi h\u00e1i m\u00e9t s\u00f9 c\u00e8 g\u00beng cao h\u00acn n\u00f7a \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi 5, 6 b\u00b9n \u00ae\u00b7 nh\u00cbn nhi\u00d6m v\u00f4 ngay t\u00f5 \u00ae\u00c7u, \u00ae\u00b7 ch\u00deu \u00ae\u00f9ng t\u00f5 12 th\u00b8ng qua. C\u00e3 th\u00d3 n\u00e3i r\u00bbng ri\u00aang nh\u00f7ng vi\u00d6c in v\u00b5 g\u00f6i \u00aei, gi\u00b8 3 phr\u00a8ng m\u00e7i s\u00e8 trong m\u00e9t n\u00a8m l\u00b5 v\u00f5a ph\u00b6i. \u00a7\u00d3 thu\u00cbn ti\u00d6n cho vi\u00d6c tuy\u00aan truy\u00d2n cho t\u00ea b\u00b8o, l\u00f3c n\u00b5y ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi th\u00cay r\u00bbng kh\u00abng th\u00d3 n\u00a9ng gi\u00b8 l\u00aan ngay \u00ae\u2212\u00eec. \u00a7\u00e8i v\u00edi t\u00cat c\u00b6 nh\u00f7ng ai \u00ae\u00e4c b\u00b8o, mu\u00e8n b\u00b8o s\u00e8ng l\u00a9u v\u00b5 l\u00edn m\u00b9nh, hi\u00d3u nhi\u00d6m v\u00f4 c\u00f1a n\u00e3, n\u00aan mua d\u00b5i h\u00b9n cho m\u00d7nh v\u00b5 v\u00cbn \u00ae\u00e9ng nhi\u00d2u ng\u2212\u00eai mua d\u00b5i h\u00b9n b\u00b8o Le Paria. C\u00c7n ph\u00b6i l\u00b5m cho trong v\u00dfng 2 hay 3 th\u00b8ng t\u00edi \u00ae\u00a9y, ch\u00f3ng ta c\u00e3 tr\u00aan 1.000 \u00ae\u00e9c gi\u00b6, tr\u00aan 1.000 ng\u2212\u00eai mua b\u00b8o d\u00b5i h\u00b9n. Ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng ng\u00c7n ng\u00b9i n\u00e3i ra vi\u00d6c quy\u00aan g\u00e3p r\u00cat khi\u00aam t\u00e8n c\u00f2ng l\u00b5 m\u00e9t s\u00f9 gi\u00f3p \u00ae\u00ec r\u00cat qu\u00fd b\u00b8u \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi. Ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi n\u00e3i nh\u00f7ng \u00aei\u00d3m cu\u00e8i c\u00efng v\u00d2 c\u00b8c c\u00e9ng t\u00b8c vi\u00aan. Le Paria l\u00b5 ti\u00d5ng n\u00e3i c\u00f1a qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng b\u00de \u00b8p b\u00f8c. T\u00cat c\u00b6 \u00ae\u00d2u cung c\u00cap t\u2212 li\u00d6u cho ch\u00f3ng ta, \u00ae\u00d2u vi\u00d5t v\u00d2 ch\u00f3ng ta. C\u00b8c b\u00b9n Ph\u00b8p, c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng b\u00b5o \u00eb thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea c\u2212 tr\u00f3 tr\u00aan \u00ae\u00cat Ph\u00b8p, c\u00b8c anh em b\u00b6n x\u00f8 \u00eb c\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea, h\u00b7y \u00ae\u00b8p l\u00b9i l\u00eai k\u00aau g\u00e4i c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi.","k\u00fb ni\u00d6m b\u00b8o le paria 499 H\u00b7y l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c cho Le Paria, cho s\u00f9 di\u00d6t tr\u00f5 ch\u00d5 \u00ae\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9c \u00aeo\u00b8n ch\u00e8ng l\u00b9i b\u00e4n c\u00b8 m\u00cbp th\u00f9c d\u00a9n! S\u00f9 nghi\u00d6p gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00de ng\u2212\u00eec \u00ae\u00b7i mu\u00abn n\u00a8m! S\u00f9 nghi\u00d6p gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n b\u00b6n x\u00f8 mu\u00abn n\u00a8m! LE PARIA B\u00b8o Le Paria, s\u00e8 14, th\u00b8ng 5-1923.","500 t\u00b8c ph\u00c8m c\u00e3 th\u00d3 l\u00b5 c\u00f1a ch\u00f1 t\u00dech h\u00e5 ch\u00dd minh B\u00b8o c\u00b8o v\u00d2 b\u00bec k\u00fa, trung k\u00fa v\u00b5 nam k\u00fa61 1. T\u00d7nh h\u00d7nh ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00e3c l\u00e9t 2. T\u00d7nh h\u00d7nh ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00de b\u00e3c l\u00e9t 3. C\u2212\u00acng l\u00dcnh c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi 4. T\u2212\u00acng lai I T\u00d7nh h\u00d7nh ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00e3c l\u00e9t A. \u00eb thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea 3\/4 ng\u00a9n s\u00b8ch d\u00b5nh \u00ae\u00d3 tr\u00b6 l\u2212\u00acng cho vi\u00aan ch\u00f8c ng\u2212\u00eai \u00a2u. C\u00b8c doanh nghi\u00d6p \u00ae\u2212\u00eec h\u2212\u00ebng \u00ae\u00e9c quy\u00d2n, quy\u00d2n chuy\u00d3n nh\u2212\u00eeng, tr\u00ee c\u00cap v\u00b5 nh\u00a9n l\u00f9c, sau \u00ae\u00a9y l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng con s\u00e8 ng\u00a9n s\u00b8ch n\u00a8m 1923: Ng\u00a9n h\u00b5ng \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng \u2013 Qu\u00fd I l\u00b7i 13.611.377 phr\u00a8ng 23, tr\u00ddch m\u00e9t s\u00e8 ti\u00d2n 1 tri\u00d6u \u00ae\u2212a v\u00b5o qu\u00fc d\u00f9 tr\u00f7 b\u00cat \u00ae\u00e9ng s\u00b6n \u00ae\u00d3 n\u00a9ng cao qu\u00fc n\u00b5y t\u00f5 7 tri\u00d6u l\u00aan 8 tri\u00d6u. Qu\u00fd II l\u00b7i 14.481.680 phr\u00a8ng 97, tr\u00ddch 1.100.000 phr\u00a8ng \u00ae\u2212a v\u00b5o qu\u00fc d\u00f9 tr\u00f7. C\u00abng ty \u00ae\u2212\u00eang s\u00bet - Thu kinh doanh 35.093.717 phr\u00a8ng so v\u00edi 28.248.503 n\u00a8m 1922. C\u00abng ty t\u00c7u \u00aei\u00d6n - L\u00b7i r\u00dfng 933.317 phr\u00a8ng so v\u00edi 889.235. C\u00abng ty than - S\u00b6n l\u2212\u00eeng \u00ae\u00b9t 56.153 t\u00can so v\u00edi 55.891. C\u00abng ty \u00aei\u00d6n - Kh\u00cau hao 375 phr\u00a8ng trong c\u00e6 ph\u00c7n danh ngh\u00dca 500 phr\u00a8ng.","b\u00b8o c\u00b8o v\u00d2 b\u00bec k\u00fa, trung k\u00fa v\u00b5 nam k\u00fa 501 C\u00abng ty cao su - Tr\u00ddch t\u00f5 c\u00b8c lo\u00b9i ph\u00dd v\u00b5 kh\u00cau hao 500.000 phr\u00a8ng, l\u00b7i r\u00dfng l\u00b5 4.157.920 so v\u00edi 1.864.942. C\u00abng ty r\u2212\u00eeu - L\u00b7i 8.452.879 so v\u00edi 7.712.824, H\u00e9i \u00ae\u00e5ng qu\u00b6n tr\u00de \u00ae\u00b7 \u00ae\u00d2 ngh\u00de t\u00b9i \u00ae\u00b9i h\u00e9i b\u00cat th\u2212\u00eang ng\u00b5y 17-6 n\u00a9ng v\u00e8n t\u00f5 11 tri\u00d6u l\u00aan 33 tri\u00d6u. B. \u00eb ch\u00ddnh qu\u00e8c T\u00f5 n\u00a8m 1916 \u00ae\u00d5n n\u00a8m 1918, \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng \u00ae\u00b7 cung c\u00cap 48.922 binh l\u00ddnh v\u00b5 m\u00e9t s\u00e8 t\u2212\u00acng \u00ae\u2212\u00acng th\u00ee; 367.314.634 phr\u00a8ng 60 cho vay; 13.816.117 phr\u00a8ng 60 cho c\u00b8c ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng nh\u00a9n \u00ae\u00b9o qu\u00a9n s\u00f9; 335.882 t\u00can s\u00b6n ph\u00c8m. V\u00d2 m\u00c6t th\u00de tr\u2212\u00eang, \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng \u00ae\u00b7 nh\u00cbp kh\u00c8u th\u00dd d\u00f4 trong n\u00a8m 1923: 1.063 xe h\u00aci, trong \u00ae\u00e3 869 t\u00f5 Ph\u00b8p v\u00b5 121 xe t\u00b6i, trong \u00ae\u00e3 81 t\u00f5 Ph\u00b8p. Citro\u00ccn l\u00b5 m\u00e9t trong nh\u00f7ng nh\u00b5 cung c\u00cap xe v\u00b5 Citro\u00ccn thu\u00aa c\u00abng nh\u00a9n b\u00b6n x\u00f8. C. M\u00b8nh l\u00edi c\u00f1a ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00e3c l\u00e9t \u00ae\u00d3 duy tr\u00d7 t\u00d7nh tr\u00b9ng c\u00f1a h\u00e4 1. Tham nh\u00f2ng - Ch\u00f3ng b\u00b8m v\u00b5o gi\u00edi nh\u00b5 nho \u2212u t\u00f3 c\u00f2 b\u00bbng c\u00b8ch c\u00cap cho h\u00e4 nh\u00f7ng ch\u00f8c quan l\u00b9i, m\u00d2 \u00aeay v\u00b5 nh\u00bem m\u00bet tr\u2212\u00edc nh\u00f7ng v\u00f4 h\u00e8i l\u00e9 truy\u00d2n th\u00e8ng. Ch\u00f3ng khuy\u00d5n kh\u00ddch c\u00b8c v\u00f4 t\u00e8 gi\u00b8c \u00ae\u00aa ti\u00d6n, t\u00abn vinh b\u00e4n ph\u00b6n b\u00e9i, cho ti\u00d2n h\u00c7u h\u00d5t b\u00b8o ch\u00dd. 2. Gi\u00b6 t\u00b9o v\u00d2 ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca t\u00f9 do - Ch\u00f3ng \u00ae\u00b8nh l\u00f5a gi\u00edi tr\u00dd th\u00f8c tr\u00ce \u00ae\u2212\u00eec \u00a2u ho\u00b8 b\u00bbng c\u00b8ch v\u00f5a cho nh\u00cbp qu\u00e8c t\u00dech v\u00f5a cho tr\u00f3ng c\u00f6 nh\u00e1 gi\u00e4t \u00ae\u00d3 g\u00a9y cho h\u00e4 hy v\u00e4ng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec v\u00b5o c\u00b8c ph\u00dfng th\u2212\u00acng m\u00b9i ho\u00c6c n\u00abng nghi\u00d6p, v\u00b5o c\u00b8c h\u00e9i \u00ae\u00e5ng th\u00b5nh ph\u00e8, t\u00d8nh ho\u00c6c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea. 3. Ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca ngu d\u00a9n chung - Ng\u2212\u00eai ta gi\u00b6i th\u00d3 t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c \u00ae\u00b9i h\u00e4c c\u00f2 c\u00e3 c\u00b8c l\u00edp d\u00b9y mi\u00d4n ph\u00dd ch\u00f7 H\u00b8n v\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai ta hy v\u00e4ng l\u00b5m nh\u2212 th\u00d5 c\u00e3 th\u00d3 c\u00bet \u00ae\u00f8t quan h\u00d6 tr\u00dd th\u00f8c v\u00edi nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng Trung Qu\u00e8c v\u00b5 Nh\u00cbt B\u00b6n. V\u00d2 h\u00d7nh th\u00f8c, h\u00e4 th\u00b5nh l\u00cbp m\u00e9t tr\u2212\u00eang trung h\u00e4c duy nh\u00cat trong to\u00b5n qu\u00e8c v\u00b5 m\u00e9t tr\u2212\u00eang g\u00e4i l\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b9i h\u00e4c. Ng\u2212\u00eai ta kh\u00abng khuy\u00d5n kh\u00ddch sinh vi\u00aan sang Ph\u00b8p h\u00e4c, m\u00b5 ch\u00d8 cho 5 ho\u00c6c 6 h\u00e4c b\u00e6ng v\u00b5 l\u00b9i d\u00b5nh cho con \u00abng ch\u00b8u cha ngu d\u00e8t v\u00b5 h\u00ccn h\u00b9.","502 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP 4. Ch\u00d5 \u00ae\u00e9 b\u00b6n x\u00f8 - T\u00f8c l\u00b5 c\u00b8c s\u00bec l\u00d6nh. Th\u00dd d\u00f4: S\u00bec l\u00d6nh ng\u00b5y 14-5-1924 v\u00d2 vi\u00d6c th\u00b5nh l\u00cbp v\u00b5 ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng c\u00f1a c\u00b8c tr\u2212\u00eang t\u2212 th\u00f4c (m\u00e4i ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00d2u bi\u00d5t th\u00d5 n\u00b5o l\u00b5 s\u00bec l\u00d6nh). 5. R\u2212\u00eeu v\u00b5 thu\u00e8c phi\u00d6n cho qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng - C\u00e3 c\u00b6 Thi\u00aan ch\u00f3a gi\u00b8o nh\u2212ng \u00ddt th\u00abi v\u00d7 nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n An Nam may thay kh\u00abng cu\u00e5ng t\u00ddn. Sau chi\u00d5n tranh, \u00ae\u00b9o Tin l\u00b5nh \u00ae\u00b7 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec \u00ae\u2212a v\u00b5o d\u2212\u00edi h\u00d7nh th\u00f8c \u201cH\u00e9i qu\u00b8n sinh vi\u00aan\u201d \u00eb H\u00b5 N\u00e9i, Xar\u00ab \u00ae\u00b7 ra l\u00d6nh kh\u00abi ph\u00f4c c\u00b8c nh\u00b5 ch\u00efa. 6. Duy tr\u00d7 m\u00e9t qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i th\u2212\u00eang tr\u00f9c, m\u00e9t \u00ae\u00e9i t\u00c7u chi\u00d5n, \u00ae\u2212\u00eang giao th\u00abng chi\u00d5n l\u2212\u00eec, v\u00ab tuy\u00d5n \u00aei\u00d6n, m\u00b8y bay v\u00b5 c\u00b6 xe t\u00a8ng. N\u00a8m 1925, ng\u2212\u00eai ta d\u00f9 \u00ae\u00denh s\u00b8p nh\u00cbp 19.000 ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00b6n x\u00f8 \u00eb thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea v\u00b5 15.000 \u00eb Ph\u00b8p. 7. Tho\u00b6 thu\u00cbn qu\u00a9n s\u00f9 th\u2212\u00acng m\u00b9i v\u00edi M\u00fc v\u00b5 Nh\u00cbt B\u00b6n. B\u00bbng ch\u00f8ng, M\u00d0clanh \u00aei T\u00abki\u00ab, m\u00e9t \u00aeo\u00b5n \u00ae\u00b9i bi\u00d3u M\u00fc \u00ae\u00d5n S\u00b5i G\u00dfn. Ngo\u00b5i ra, ch\u00f3ng k\u00ddch \u00ae\u00e9ng ng\u2212\u00eai An Nam ch\u00e8ng Hoa ki\u00d2u \u00eb \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng v\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eec l\u00b9i. B\u00bbng ch\u00f8ng, n\u00a8m 1919, t\u00c8y chay h\u00b5ng Trung Qu\u00e8c, cu\u00e9c t\u00c8y chay do ch\u00ddnh quy\u00d2n x\u00f3i gi\u00f4c. D. N\u00e7 l\u00f9c c\u00f1a ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00e3c l\u00e9t nh\u00bbm ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n t\u00d7nh tr\u00b9ng c\u00f1a h\u00e4 1. Bi\u00d6n ph\u00b8p chung: D\u00f9 \u00b8n v\u00ab li\u00aam s\u00d8 v\u00b5 ngu xu\u00c8n \u201c\u00ae\u00d2 cao\u201d vi\u00d6c th\u00b5nh l\u00cbp Vi\u00d6n h\u00b5n l\u00a9m thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea, th\u00b5nh l\u00cbp c\u00b8c vi\u00d6n thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea \u00eb Pari. M\u00b8cx\u00a9y v\u00b5 Bo\u00e3c\u00ae\u00ab, c\u00b8c v\u00a8n ph\u00dfng thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea, h\u00e9i qu\u00b8n sinh vi\u00aan v\u00b5 lao \u00ae\u00e9ng, t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c tri\u00d3n l\u00b7m thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea \u00eb Pari, th\u00b5nh l\u00cbp m\u00e9t h\u00d6 th\u00e8ng r\u00e9ng l\u00edn v\u00d2 v\u00ab tuy\u00d5n \u00aei\u00d6n, v.v.. 2. \u00a6u \u00ae\u00b7i qu\u00b8 \u00ae\u00b8ng \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi c\u00b8c doanh nghi\u00d6p t\u2212 b\u00b6n - th\u00f9c d\u00a9n. B\u00bbng ch\u00f8ng: Th\u00b5nh l\u00cbp m\u00e9t c\u00abng ty qu\u00b6n l\u00fd Ng\u00a9n h\u00b5ng c\u00abng nghi\u00d6p Trung Hoa, d\u00f9 \u00b8n \u00aeang \u00ae\u2212\u00eec th\u00b6o lu\u00cbn v\u00d2 s\u00f9 \u00ae\u00e9c quy\u00d2n c\u00f1a S\u00b5i G\u00dfn - Ch\u00ee L\u00edn. 3. Tr\u2212ng d\u00f4ng v\u00b5 xu\u00cat kh\u00c8u lao \u00ae\u00e9ng An Nam \u00aei H\u00d0brides v\u00f5a qua ho\u00c6c \u00aei ch\u00ddnh qu\u00e8c.","b\u00b8o c\u00b8o v\u00d2 b\u00bec k\u00fa, trung k\u00fa v\u00b5 nam k\u00fa 503 4. M\u2212u toan t\u2212 b\u00b6n ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi Trung Qu\u00e8c v\u00b5 Xi\u00aam. B\u00bbng ch\u00f8ng: C\u00abng ty xe l\u00f6a V\u00a9n Nam, Ng\u00a9n h\u00b5ng Nga - \u00b8, th\u00b8ng 5 v\u00f5a qua, th\u00b8i t\u00f6 Xi\u00aam Burachatra, cao u\u00fb v\u2212\u00acng qu\u00e8c Xi\u00aam v\u00d2 \u00ae\u2212\u00eang s\u00bet \u00ae\u00d5n Pari. II T\u00d7nh h\u00d7nh ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00de b\u00e3c l\u00e9t A. C\u00b8c giai c\u00cap x\u00b7 h\u00e9i Theo \u00aei\u00d2u tra d\u00a9n s\u00e8 n\u00a8m 1921, s\u00e8 d\u00a9n c\u00f1a to\u00b5n \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng thu\u00e9c Ph\u00b8p l\u00b5 kho\u00b6ng 20 tri\u00d6u, s\u00e8ng tr\u00aan di\u00d6n t\u00ddch g\u00c7n 700 ngh\u00d7n km2. 1. T\u00c7ng l\u00edp \u2212u t\u00f3 bao g\u00e5m m\u00e9t ph\u00c7n c\u00b8c nh\u00b5 nho l\u00edp c\u00f2, k\u00d3 c\u00b6 Cung \u00ae\u00d7nh Hu\u00d5 v\u00b5 m\u00e9t ph\u00c7n, nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai T\u00a9y h\u00e4c tr\u00ce. S\u00e8 ng\u2212\u00eai th\u00f8 nh\u00cat, \u00ae\u00abng nh\u00cat \u00eb Trung K\u00fa v\u00b5 B\u00bec K\u00fa nh\u2212ng \u00ddt h\u00acn; \u00eb Nam K\u00fa, h\u00e4 b\u00de l\u00can d\u00c7n b\u00ebi l\u00edp tr\u00ce \u00aeang c\u00e3 \u00b6nh h\u2212\u00ebng ng\u00b5y c\u00b5ng l\u00edn kh\u00bep trong n\u2212\u00edc. \u00a7\u00d5n t\u00cbn n\u00a8m 1914, ph\u00c7n l\u00edn nh\u00f7ng nh\u00b5 c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng nh\u00b5 nho n\u00e6i ti\u00d5ng v\u00d2 t\u00b5i n\u00a8ng; nh\u00f7ng nh\u00b5 c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng n\u00b5y c\u2212 tr\u00f3 \u00eb Nh\u00cbt B\u00b6n v\u00b5 Trung Qu\u00e8c, ho\u00c6c b\u00de \u00ae\u2212a \u00aei \u00ae\u00b5y ho\u00c6c b\u00de ch\u00c6t \u00ae\u00c7u. C\u00dfn nh\u00f7ng nh\u00b5 nho \u00eb l\u00b9i trong n\u2212\u00edc, th\u00d7 m\u00e9t s\u00e8 \u00ddt n\u00bbm im trong th\u00b8p ng\u00b5; m\u00e9t s\u00e8 kh\u00b8c th\u00d7 c\u00ac h\u00e9i, h\u00ccn nh\u00b8t ho\u00c6c ph\u00b6n b\u00e9i, ngay l\u00f3c n\u00b5y v\u00c9n ph\u00f4c v\u00f4 ch\u00ddnh quy\u00d2n. H\u00e4 l\u00b5m b\u00e9 tr\u2212\u00ebng trong Cung \u00ae\u00d7nh Hu\u00d5, t\u00e6ng \u00ae\u00e8c c\u00b8c t\u00d8nh, v\u00a9n v\u00a9n... Tuy nhi\u00aan, nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai n\u00b5y trung th\u00b5nh v\u00edi th\u00f9c d\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p m\u00b5 \u00aei\u00d3n h\u00d7nh l\u00b5 nh\u00b5 vua hi\u00d6n nay, kh\u00abng c\u00e3 uy t\u00ddn g\u00d7 \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng v\u00b5 c\u00e3 xu h\u2212\u00edng m\u00cat d\u00c7n c\u00efng v\u00edi th\u00d5 h\u00d6 c\u00f2. Ng\u00b5y nay, ch\u00ddnh n\u2212\u00edc \u201cAn Nam tr\u00ce\u201d \u00aeang v\u00c9y v\u00efng trong n\u2212\u00edc. B\u00aan c\u00b9nh l\u00edp thanh ni\u00aan \u2212u t\u00f3 n\u00b5y g\u00e5m c\u00b8c nh\u00b5 tr\u00dd th\u00f8c, ng\u2212\u00eai ta th\u00cay xu\u00cat hi\u00d6n m\u00e9t l\u00edp nh\u00b5 c\u00abng th\u2212\u00acng \u2212u t\u00f3: \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00b6n x\u00f8 c\u00dfn r\u00cat hi\u00d5m \u00ae\u2212\u00eec h\u00e4c \u00eb c\u00b8c tr\u2212\u00eang c\u00f1a \u00ae\u00b9i t\u2212 b\u00b6n hi\u00d6n \u00ae\u00b9i.","504 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP Ngo\u00b5i nh\u00f7ng ph\u00c7n t\u00f6 \u00ae\u00c6c bi\u00d6t \u00ae\u00e3 ra, giai c\u00cap t\u2212 s\u00b6n l\u00edn c\u00e3 \u00ae\u00b9i di\u00d6n l\u00b5 c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00b9i \u00ae\u00dea ch\u00f1, c\u00f4 th\u00d3 l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng quan l\u00b9i t\u00c7ng l\u00edp c\u00f2 ho\u00c6c b\u00e8 m\u00d1 l\u00edp thanh ni\u00aan \u00ae\u00b7 \u00a2u ho\u00b8. 2. Ti\u00d3u t\u2212 s\u00b6n - nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai s\u00e8ng \u00eb n\u00abng th\u00abn bao g\u00e5m th\u00a9n h\u00b5o, l\u00fd tr\u2212\u00ebng Nh\u00b5 n\u2212\u00edc giao cho thu thu\u00d5 \u00aei\u00d2n th\u00e6, nh\u00f7ng ti\u00d3u ch\u00f1 s\u00e8ng b\u00bbng m\u00e9t m\u00b6nh ru\u00e9ng v\u00b5 t\u00f9 c\u00b5y c\u00cay, nh\u00f7ng ch\u00f1 trang tr\u00b9i qu\u00b6n l\u00fd ru\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00cat cho \u00ae\u00b9i \u00ae\u00dea ch\u00f1 v\u00b5 c\u00e3 tr\u2212\u00eang h\u00eep ch\u00ddnh h\u00e4 c\u00f2ng thu\u00aa n\u00abng d\u00a9n. Ch\u00f1 trang tr\u00b9i v\u00b5 l\u00fd tr\u2212\u00ebng, nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai thu thu\u00d5, l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai trung gian v\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00e3c l\u00e9t n\u00abng d\u00a9n. Tr\u2212\u00edc \u00ae\u00a9y, th\u00a9n h\u00b5o, t\u00f8c l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng u\u00fb vi\u00aan h\u00e9i \u00ae\u00e5ng th\u00b5nh ph\u00e8 v\u00b5 vi\u00aan ch\u00f8c th\u00b5nh ph\u00e8, nh\u00ea c\u00e3 quy\u00d2n t\u00f9 tr\u00de c\u00f1a c\u00b8c x\u00b7, \u00ae\u00b7 l\u00b5m ph\u00c7n \u00ae\u00d6m gi\u00f7a quan l\u00b9i v\u00b5 n\u00abng d\u00a9n. Ng\u00b5y nay, v\u00edi nh\u00cbn th\u00f8c l\u00b9c h\u00cbu v\u00b5 v\u00edi ch\u00ddnh quy\u00d2n Ph\u00b8p, h\u00e4 kh\u00abng c\u00e3 v\u00de tr\u00dd trong qu\u00b8 tr\u00d7nh ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n c\u00f1a \u00ae\u00cat n\u2212\u00edc. Tr\u00b8i l\u00b9i, ti\u00d3u t\u2212 s\u00b6n \u00eb th\u00b5nh th\u00de l\u00b9i tham gia v\u00b5o qu\u00b8 tr\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00e3. H\u00e4 l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng th\u2212\u00acng gia, b\u00b8n h\u00b5ng ho\u00b8 c\u00f1a ch\u00a9u \u00a2u, cho thu\u00aa xe \u00ae\u00b9p v\u00b5 xe h\u00aci, qu\u00b6n l\u00fd c\u00b8c nh\u00b5 h\u00b5ng v\u00b5 kh\u00b8ch s\u00b9n c\u00f1a Ph\u00b8p, s\u00b6n xu\u00cat gi\u00c7y v\u00b5 h\u00dfm \u00ae\u00f9ng \u00ae\u00e5. Giai c\u00cap x\u00b7 h\u00e9i n\u00b5y \u00ae\u00b7 truy\u00d2n b\u00b8 m\u00e9t c\u00b8ch v\u00ab \u00fd th\u00f8c nh\u2212ng r\u00cat nhanh ch\u00e3ng trong nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n n\u00d2n v\u00a8n minh v\u00cbt ch\u00cat c\u00f1a ph\u2212\u00acng T\u00a9y. 3. Qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng bao g\u00e5m h\u00c7u h\u00d5t l\u00b5 n\u00abng d\u00a9n. \u00eb th\u00b5nh ph\u00e8 l\u00b5 phu k\u00d0o xe, b\u00e5i b\u00b5n, phu khu\u00a9n v\u00b8c, phu b\u00d5n xe, b\u00d5n c\u00b6ng, nh\u00b5 ga, d\u00a9n khai hoang, d\u00a9n tr\u00e5ng tr\u00e4t, phu l\u00b5m lao d\u00dech, c\u00abng nh\u00a9n, cu\u00e8i c\u00efng l\u00b5 binh l\u00ddnh. N\u00abng d\u00a9n - d\u00e8t \u00ae\u00c6c, v\u00ab t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c v\u00b5 cam ph\u00cbn. Ch\u00f1 y\u00d5u l\u00b5 l\u00b5m ru\u00e9ng. H\u00e4 l\u00b5m thu\u00aa \u00a8n l\u2212\u00acng ho\u00c6c ch\u00f1 trang tr\u00b9i nh\u00e1, t\u00f8c l\u00b5 h\u00e4 xin tr\u00f9c ti\u00d5p m\u00e9t m\u00b6nh \u00ae\u00cat c\u00f1a m\u00e9t ph\u00f3 n\u00abng ho\u00c6c th\u00abng qua m\u00e9t ch\u00f1 trang tr\u00b9i l\u00edn: H\u00e4 c\u00b5y c\u00cay v\u00b5 chia s\u00b6n ph\u00c8m th\u00b5nh hai ph\u00c7n v\u00edi ch\u00f1 ho\u00c6c trung gian. Ng\u00abi nh\u00b5 l\u00b8 m\u00b5 h\u00e4 v\u00b5 gia \u00ae\u00d7nh \u00eb th\u2212\u00eang kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i c\u00f1a h\u00e4 m\u00b5 t\u00b5i s\u00b6n duy nh\u00cat c\u00f1a h\u00e4 l\u00b5 m\u00e9t con ngh\u00d0. M\u00c6c d\u00c7u t\u00d7nh tr\u00b9ng t\u00b9m b\u00ee \u00ae\u00e3, nh\u2212ng ng\u2212\u00eai \u201cnh\u00b5 qu\u00aa\u201d th\u00ddch s\u00e8ng","b\u00b8o c\u00b8o v\u00d2 b\u00bec k\u00fa, trung k\u00fa v\u00b5 nam k\u00fa 505 trong \u201cc\u00b8i nh\u00b5\u201d v\u00edi m\u00e9t b\u00b8t c\u00acm, \u00ddt mu\u00e8i v\u00b5 \u00ddt c\u00b8 kh\u00ab h\u00acn l\u00b5 ra t\u00d8nh v\u00d7 h\u00e4 s\u00ee l\u00b5m lao d\u00dech. C\u00abng nh\u00a9n - \u00ddt ngu d\u00e8t v\u00b5 cam ph\u00cbn h\u00acn. H\u00e4 b\u00bet \u00ae\u00c7u bi\u00d5t ch\u00e8ng \u00ae\u00e8i. Nh\u2212ng h\u00e4 c\u00dfn ho\u00b5n to\u00b5n thi\u00d5u t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c. Ngo\u00b5i ra, t\u00d7nh tr\u00b9ng thi\u00d5u t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c l\u00b5 ph\u00e6 bi\u00d5n v\u00b5 khi nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00b6n x\u00f8 d\u00ef c\u00e3 bi\u00d5t s\u00f8c m\u00b9nh c\u00f1a t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c c\u00abng \u00aeo\u00b5n th\u00d7 ch\u00ddnh quy\u00d2n c\u00f2ng \u00ae\u00b5n \u00b8p m\u00e4i m\u2212u toan t\u00cbp h\u00eep. \u00eb c\u00b8c c\u00abng x\u2212\u00ebng, ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00abng nh\u00a9n An Nam ho\u00b5n to\u00b5n ch\u00deu d\u2212\u00edi quy\u00d2n \u00ae\u00e9c \u00aeo\u00b8n c\u00f1a c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e8c c\u00abng v\u00b5 ch\u00f1. May thay h\u00e4 kh\u00abng u\u00e8ng r\u2212\u00eeu. B\u00e5i - ki\u00d5m \u00ae\u2212\u00eec nhi\u00d2u ti\u00d2n h\u00acn. H\u00e4 l\u00b5 th\u00b5nh ph\u00c7n nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n \u201chi\u00d6n \u00ae\u00b9i nh\u00cat\u201d, qua ti\u00d5p x\u00f3c h\u00b5ng ng\u00b5y v\u00edi T\u00a9y, nh\u00f7ng t\u00aan m\u00b5 h\u00e4 \u00a8n c\u00bep v\u00b5 khinh r\u00ce. Phu k\u00d0o xe - \u00ae\u00b8ng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec \u00ae\u00c6c bi\u00d6t ch\u00f3 \u00fd. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 b\u00e9 ph\u00cbn \u00ae\u00abng \u00ae\u00b6o v\u00b5 kh\u00e8n kh\u00e6 nh\u00cat. V\u00d7 v\u00cby, h\u00e4 l\u00b5 \u00ae\u00e9i qu\u00a9n l\u00b5m c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng trong t\u2212\u00acng lai. N\u00a8m 1921, 200 culi \u00eb Ch\u00ee L\u00edn \u00ae\u00b7 b\u00bet \u00ae\u00c7u \u00ae\u00d7nh c\u00abng. \u00a7\u00d3 c\u00e3 kh\u00b8i ni\u00d6m v\u00d2 ti\u00d2n c\u00abng c\u00f1a h\u00e4, ch\u00f3ng ta bi\u00d5t \u00eb H\u00b5 N\u00e9i, ti\u00d2n c\u00abng ch\u00ddnh th\u00f8c l\u00b5 kho\u00b6ng 0 \u00ae\u00e5ng 25 = 2 phr\u00a8ng 25 cho gi\u00ea \u00ae\u00c7u ti\u00aan v\u00b5 0 \u00ae\u00e5ng 20 = 2 phr\u00a8ng cho m\u00e7i gi\u00ea ti\u00d5p theo. C\u00f8 cho h\u00e4 k\u00d0o 10 gi\u00ea trong m\u00e9t ng\u00b5y \u00ae\u00aam th\u00d7 h\u00e4 l\u00dcnh \u00ae\u2212\u00eec 2 \u00ae\u00e5ng 25 l\u00b5 t\u00e8i \u00aea (22 phr\u00a8ng 50). Nh\u2212ng xe k\u00d0o l\u00b9i ph\u00b6i thu\u00aa c\u00f1a m\u00e9t \u00abng ch\u00f1 ho\u00c6c m\u00e9t c\u00abng ty v\u00edi gi\u00b8 1 \u00ae\u00e5ng m\u00e9t ng\u00b5y = 10 phr\u00a8ng. Ng\u2212\u00eai culi c\u00dfn l\u00b9i 12 phr\u00a8ng 50. H\u00acn n\u00f7a h\u00e4 kh\u00abng bao gi\u00ea c\u00e3 m\u00e3n l\u00eei b\u00cat ng\u00ea n\u00b5o. Kh\u00abng c\u00e3 ti\u00d2n boa v\u00d7 \u00eb \u00ae\u00a9y kh\u00abng c\u00e3 th\u00abng l\u00d6 \u00ae\u00e3. Khi c\u00e3 ng\u2212\u00eai g\u00e4i th\u00d7 ph\u00b6i ch\u00b9y \u00ae\u00d5n ngay kh\u00abng th\u00d7 b\u00de m\u00beng nhi\u00d5c. \u00eb B\u00bec K\u00fa v\u00b5 nh\u00cat l\u00b5 \u00eb Trung K\u00fa, nhi\u00d2u xe k\u00d0o kh\u00abng c\u00e3 b\u00b8nh xe cao su. Ng\u2212\u00eai ta thu\u00aa v\u00edi gi\u00b8 r\u00ce h\u00acn: 0 \u00ae\u00e5ng 80 thay v\u00d7 1 \u00ae\u00e5ng m\u00e9t ng\u00b5y, v\u00b5 gi\u00b8 c\u00b8c cu\u00e8c xe gi\u00b6m 0 \u00ae\u00e5ng 15 = 1 phr\u00a8ng 50 gi\u00ea \u00ae\u00c7u ti\u00aan v\u00b5 k\u00d0o xe l\u00b9i n\u00c6ng nh\u00e4c h\u00acn v\u00d7 b\u00b8nh xe b\u00bbng g\u00e7 b\u00e4c s\u00bet kh\u00abng c\u00e3 cao su, x\u00e3c nhi\u00d2u h\u00acn khi ch\u00b9y qua nh\u00f7ng h\u00e8 s\u00a9u tr\u00aan \u00ae\u2212\u00eang. Nhi\u00d2u khi kh\u00b8ch ng\u00e5i hai ng\u2212\u00eai tr\u00aan m\u00e9t xe v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00c7y h\u00b5nh l\u00fd \u00ae\u00d3 ti\u00d5t ki\u00d6m. Qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i - \u00a2m m\u2212u \u00ae\u00c7u \u00ae\u00e9c n\u00a8m 1907 v\u00b5 cu\u00e9c n\u00e6i d\u00cby \u00eb","506 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP Th\u00b8i Nguy\u00aan n\u00a8m 1917 ch\u00f8ng t\u00e1 qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i b\u00b6n x\u00f8 l\u00b5 n\u00aci c\u00e3 th\u00d3 cung c\u00cap nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng. L\u00ddnh do c\u00b8c x\u00b7 tuy\u00d3n m\u00e9. H\u00e4 c\u00e3 quy\u00d2n d\u00efng hoa l\u00eei t\u00f5 t\u00b5i s\u00b6n c\u00f1a x\u00b7 \u00ae\u00d3 nu\u00abi binh l\u00ddnh. Trong khi l\u00b5m ngh\u00dca v\u00f4 h\u00e4 c\u00e8 ki\u00d5m \u00ae\u2212\u00eec m\u00e9t c\u00cap b\u00cbc qu\u00a9n s\u00f9 t\u2212\u00acng \u00ae\u2212\u00acng v\u00edi c\u00cap quan l\u00b9i d\u00a9n s\u00f9 \u00ae\u00d3 khi tr\u00eb v\u00d2 c\u00e3 th\u00d3 \u00ae\u00f8ng trong h\u00b5ng ng\u00f2 c\u00b8c th\u00a9n h\u00b5o. H\u00e4 c\u00e3 m\u00e9t \u00ddt \u00b6nh h\u2212\u00ebng d\u00ef kh\u00abng mu\u00e8n, h\u00e4 l\u00b5m n\u00b8o \u00ae\u00e9ng th\u00aam \u00eb n\u00abng th\u00abn do c\u00f6 ch\u00d8 ho\u00b9t b\u00b8t c\u00f1a h\u00e4 sau khi \u00ae\u00b7 s\u00e8ng trong doanh tr\u00b9i v\u00b5 th\u00eai gian \u00eb th\u00b5nh ph\u00e8. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng l\u00f9c l\u2212\u00eeng d\u00f9 b\u00de t\u00e8t cho ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng tuy\u00aan truy\u00d2n trong qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng v\u00b5 cu\u00e8i c\u00efng \u00aei\u00d2u \u00ae\u00e3 \u00ae\u00b7 di\u00d4n ra \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi 50.000 \u201cl\u00ddnh t\u00d7nh nguy\u00d6n\u201d t\u00f5 Ph\u00b8p tr\u00eb v\u00d2. 4. Ph\u00f4 n\u00f7 b\u00bet \u00ae\u00c7u hi\u00d6n \u00ae\u00b9i ho\u00b8 \u00eb c\u00b8c th\u00b5nh th\u00de, c\u00dfn \u00eb n\u00abng th\u00abn h\u00e4 v\u00c9n ngu d\u00e8t, c\u00e3 ph\u00c7n m\u00aa t\u00ddn v\u00b5 ho\u00b5n to\u00b5n v\u00ab t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c v\u00b5 cam ph\u00cbn. \u00eb c\u00b8c th\u00b5nh ph\u00e8, c\u00e3 m\u00e9t s\u00e8 tr\u2212\u00eang h\u00eep n\u00e6i d\u00cby ch\u00e8ng quy\u00d2n l\u00f9c c\u00f1a b\u00e8 m\u00d1 ho\u00c6c c\u00f1a ch\u00e5ng; nh\u2212ng c\u00e3 th\u00d3 n\u00e3i ngay r\u00bbng \u00ae\u00e3 l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng tr\u2212\u00eang h\u00eep \u00ae\u00c6c bi\u00d6t v\u00b5 kh\u00abng bao gi\u00ea v\u2212\u00eet qu\u00b8 m\u00e9t cu\u00e9c b\u00e1 tr\u00e8n m\u00e9t th\u00eai gian r\u00e5i l\u00b9i v\u00d2, m\u00e9t cu\u00e9c b\u00bet c\u00e3c ho\u00c6c ly d\u00de h\u00eep ph\u00b8p. Kh\u00abng h\u00d2 c\u00e3 nh\u00f7ng t\u00e9i \u00b8c gh\u00aa g\u00edm ho\u00c6c t\u00f9 s\u00b8t. V\u00ee c\u00b8c quan l\u00b9i th\u2212\u00eang lui t\u00edi b\u00e4n T\u00a9y. Con g\u00b8i c\u00f1a h\u00e4 c\u00f2ng b\u00bet ch\u2212\u00edc m\u00d1. Ph\u00f4 n\u00f7 ti\u00d3u t\u2212 s\u00b6n th\u00b5nh ph\u00e8 \u00aei h\u00e4c \u00ae\u00d3 l\u00b5m c\u00ab gi\u00b8o ho\u00c6c y t\u00b8 (\u00ae\u00e3 l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng ngh\u00d2 duy nh\u00cat cho ph\u00f4 n\u00f7 b\u00b6n x\u00f8), c\u00dfn m\u00e9t ph\u00c7n l\u00edn tr\u00abng nom c\u00b8c c\u00f6a h\u00b5ng. Ph\u00f4 n\u00f7 ti\u00d3u t\u2212 s\u00b6n \u00eb n\u00abng th\u00abn cai qu\u00b6n c\u00abng vi\u00d6c \u00ae\u00e5ng \u00b8ng, nu\u00abi t\u00bbm, d\u00d6t v\u00b6i, \u00aei ch\u00ee bu\u00abn b\u00b8n th\u00e3c. Ph\u00f4 n\u00f7 th\u2212\u00eang d\u00a9n th\u00d7 l\u00b5m ru\u00e9ng; m\u00e9t s\u00e8 \u00eb th\u00b5nh ph\u00e8 l\u00b5m culi, c\u00abng nh\u00a9n nh\u00b5 m\u00b8y, l\u00b5m v\u00f3 em cho T\u00a9y. \u00eb c\u00b8c th\u00b5nh ph\u00e8 c\u00e3 c\u00b8c tr\u2212\u00eang ti\u00d3u h\u00e4c cho n\u00f7 sinh; \u00eb c\u00b8c trung t\u00a9m th\u00b5nh ph\u00e8 c\u00e3 v\u00b5i k\u00fd t\u00f3c x\u00b8 cho con nh\u00b5 gi\u00b5u, nh\u2212ng \u00eb c\u00b8c t\u00e6ng kh\u00abng c\u00e3 tr\u2212\u00eang cho n\u00f7 sinh nh\u2212 tr\u2212\u00eang cho nam sinh. T\u00abi quen hai n\u00f7 sinh vi\u00aan B\u00bec K\u00fa sang h\u00e4c \u00eb Ph\u00b8p: \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng n\u00f7 sinh vi\u00aan duy nh\u00cat. Hai t\u00d6 n\u00b9n: \u00a7a th\u00aa v\u00b5 m\u00b9i d\u00a9m, nay \u00ae\u2212\u00eec t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c theo ki\u00d3u","b\u00b8o c\u00b8o v\u00d2 b\u00bec k\u00fa, trung k\u00fa v\u00b5 nam k\u00fa 507 ch\u00a9u \u00a2u. \u00a7\u00a9y l\u00b5 \u00ae\u00c6c \u00aei\u00d3m c\u00f1a th\u00f9c d\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p, v\u00d7 \u00eb c\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea Anh, n\u00b9n \u00aea th\u00aa b\u00de hu\u00fb b\u00e1 v\u00b5 n\u00b9n m\u00b9i d\u00a9m b\u00de c\u00cam. Tuy nhi\u00aan, kh\u00abng th\u00d3 gi\u00b6i th\u00ddch r\u00bbng s\u00f9 t\u00e5n t\u00b9i c\u00f1a ch\u00d5 \u00ae\u00e9 \u00aea th\u00aa l\u00b5 do ng\u2212\u00eai ph\u00f4 n\u00f7 ch\u00deu \u00ae\u00d3 \u00ae\u00b5n \u00abng b\u00e3c l\u00e9t t\u00b5n b\u00b9o nh\u2212 \u00eb ng\u2212\u00eai La M\u00b7 v\u00b5 H\u00e5i gi\u00b8o. Lu\u00cbt ph\u00b8p v\u00b5 phong t\u00f4c An Nam h\u00b9n ch\u00d5 quy\u00d2n c\u00f1a ng\u2212\u00eai cha v\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai ch\u00e5ng. Sau \u00ae\u00a9y l\u00b5 m\u00e9t n\u00d0t v\u00d2 m\u00c6t ph\u00b8p l\u00fd c\u00f1a ng\u2212\u00eai ph\u00f4 n\u00f7 An Nam: L\u00fd do ng\u2212\u00eai ta d\u00f9a v\u00b5o \u00ae\u00d3 cho ph\u00d0p \u00aea th\u00aa l\u00b5 \u00ae\u00d3 ki\u00d5m ng\u2212\u00eai k\u00d5 t\u00f4c n\u00d5u ng\u2212\u00eai v\u00ee c\u00b6 kh\u00abng c\u00e3 con trai (n\u00e7i lo kh\u00abng c\u00e3 con trai k\u00d5 t\u00f4c l\u00b5 thi\u00d5t y\u00d5u \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi ng\u2212\u00eai An Nam v\u00d7 vi\u00d6c th\u00ea c\u00f3ng t\u00e6 ti\u00aan v\u00c9n c\u00dfn r\u00cat th\u00denh h\u00b5nh). Tuy nhi\u00aan, \u00aea th\u00aa kh\u00abng ph\u00e6 bi\u00d5n m\u00b5 l\u00b5 m\u00e9t \u00aei\u00d2u sang tr\u00e4ng. Lu\u00cbt \u00ae\u00dfi h\u00e1i ph\u00b6i c\u00e3 s\u00f9 \u00ae\u00e5ng \u00fd c\u00f1a v\u00ee c\u00b6 v\u00b5 b\u00b6o \u00ae\u00b6m quy\u00d2n c\u00f1a v\u00ee c\u00b6 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec qu\u00b6n l\u00fd t\u00b5i s\u00b6n kh\u00abng nh\u00f7ng c\u00f1a con ri\u00aang c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh m\u00b5 c\u00b6 c\u00f1a con v\u00ee hai. Con c\u00b8i v\u00ee hai ph\u00b6i ch\u00deu \u00ae\u00b9i tang 27 th\u00b8ng cho b\u00b5 c\u00b6 v\u00b5 ch\u00d8 ch\u00deu tang m\u00e9t n\u00a8m cho m\u00d1 \u00ae\u00ce. C\u00cam ng\u2212\u00eai ch\u00e5ng kh\u00abng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec h\u00b9 v\u00ee c\u00b6 th\u00b5nh \u201cv\u00ee l\u00cf\u201d v\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eec l\u00b9i. \u00eb n\u2212\u00edc ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi, ph\u00f4 n\u00f7 kh\u00abng \u00eb t\u00b8ch ri\u00aang v\u00edi nam gi\u00edi. S\u00eb d\u00dc t\u00abi ph\u00b6n \u00ae\u00e8i \u00aea th\u00aa v\u00d7 n\u00e3 c\u00b6n tr\u00eb gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng ph\u00f4 n\u00f7 An Nam. Ng\u2212\u00eai ch\u00e5ng kh\u00abng c\u00e3 quy\u00d2n sinh quy\u00d2n s\u00b8t: Ai cho m\u2212\u00een ho\u00c6c b\u00b8n v\u00ee s\u00cf b\u00de \u00ae\u00b8nh 80 roi. Theo lu\u00cbt, ch\u00e5ng c\u00e3 th\u00d3 b\u00e1 v\u00ee nh\u2212ng ph\u00b6i c\u00e3 l\u00fd do, n\u00d5u kh\u00abng c\u00f2ng b\u00de \u00ae\u00b8nh 80 roi. Ngo\u00b5i ra, c\u00cam kh\u00abng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec ly d\u00de n\u00d5u: 1. V\u00ee \u00aeang ch\u00deu tang 27 th\u00b8ng cho ng\u2212\u00eai trong gia \u00ae\u00d7nh c\u00f1a ch\u00e5ng; 2. Sau ng\u00b5y c\u2212\u00edi, gia \u00ae\u00d7nh tr\u00eb n\u00aan gi\u00b5u c\u00e3; 3. N\u00d5u v\u00ee kh\u00abng c\u00e3 n\u00aci n\u2212\u00acng t\u00f9a kh\u00b8c ngo\u00b5i n\u00aci \u00eb c\u00f1a hai v\u00ee ch\u00e5ng. Ch\u00e5ng qu\u00b6n l\u00fd t\u00b5i s\u00b6n c\u00f1a v\u00ee, nh\u2212ng kh\u00abng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec chuy\u00d3n nh\u2212\u00eeng n\u00d5u v\u00ee kh\u00abng \u00ae\u00e5ng \u00fd. S\u00f9 th\u00cbt ng\u2212\u00eai v\u00ee An Nam c\u00e3 nhi\u00d2u \u2212u \u00ae\u00b7i (m\u00b5 ph\u00f4 n\u00f7 ch\u00a9u \u00a2u kh\u00abng c\u00e3), n\u00bem \u201cch\u00d7a kho\u00b8 c\u00f1a gia \u00ae\u00d7nh\u201d v\u00b5 qu\u00b6n l\u00fd t\u00b5i s\u00b6n c\u00f1a gia \u00ae\u00d7nh. Khi go\u00b8 ch\u00e5ng, v\u00ee v\u00c9n gi\u00f7 nguy\u00aan c\u00b8i quy\u00d2n \u00ae\u00e3, \u00ae\u2212\u00eec h\u2212\u00ebng gia","508 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP t\u00b5i v\u00b5 khi b\u00b5 v\u00ee go\u00b8 c\u00dfn s\u00e8ng th\u00d7 con c\u00b8i kh\u00abng c\u00e3 quy\u00d2n \u00ae\u00dfi ph\u00c7n c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh, tr\u00f5 phi c\u00e3 di ch\u00f3c c\u00f1a cha cho chia ph\u00c7n. Khi t\u00b8i gi\u00b8, ng\u2212\u00eai v\u00ee m\u00cat h\u00d5t c\u00b8i quy\u00d2n n\u00e3i tr\u00aan v\u00b5 theo lu\u00cbt th\u00d7 tr\u00eb th\u00b5nh ho\u00b5n to\u00b5n xa l\u00b9. Ng\u2212\u00eai v\u00ee An Nam kh\u00abng c\u00e3 quy\u00d2n \u00aei ki\u00d6n, nh\u2212ng c\u00e3 th\u00d3 nh\u00ea b\u00e8 m\u00d1 ki\u00d6n h\u00e9. 5. Ng\u2212\u00eai Hoa \u00eb \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng - \u00eb th\u00b5nh ph\u00e8 n\u00b5o \u00eb \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng c\u00f2ng th\u00cay ng\u2212\u00eai Hoa. Ph\u00c7n l\u00edn b\u00b8n h\u00b5ng. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 t\u2212 s\u00b6n th\u00b5nh th\u00de v\u00b5 trung l\u2212u. H\u00e4 r\u00cat h\u00a8ng h\u00b8i, \u00ae\u00e3ng g\u00e3p v\u00b5o s\u00f9 ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n kinh t\u00d5 \u00eb \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng. Nh\u2212ng \u00eb \u00ae\u00a9y c\u00f2ng c\u00e3 t\u00c7ng l\u00edp t\u2212 s\u00b6n Hoa ki\u00d2u l\u00edp tr\u00aan, g\u00e5m nh\u00f7ng nh\u00b5 c\u00abng nghi\u00d6p v\u00b5 t\u00b5i ch\u00ddnh m\u00b9nh v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00abng h\u00acn \u00ae\u00e5ng nghi\u00d6p ng\u2212\u00eai An Nam v\u00b5 theo ki\u00d3u t\u2212 b\u00b6n c\u00cbn \u00ae\u00b9i. Trung t\u00a9m c\u00f1a h\u00e4 l\u00b5 Ch\u00ee L\u00edn, m\u00e9t th\u00b5nh ph\u00e8 Nam K\u00fa v\u00edi 138.000 d\u00a9n (trong \u00ae\u00e3 m\u00e9t n\u00f6a l\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai Hoa). H\u00e4 tho\u00b6 hi\u00d6p v\u00edi th\u00f9c d\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p, h\u00e4 th\u00d3 hi\u00d6n kh\u00abng ng\u00c7n ng\u00b9i tinh th\u00c7n d\u00a9n t\u00e9c v\u00b5 ai c\u00f2ng bi\u00d5t vai tr\u00df c\u00f1a h\u00e4 trong Ng\u00a9n h\u00b5ng B.I.C v\u00b5 trong d\u00f9 \u00b8n \u00ae\u00e9c quy\u00d2n c\u00f1a S\u00b5i G\u00dfn. C\u00b8n b\u00e9 tuy\u00aan truy\u00d2n c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi ph\u00b6i ch\u00f3 \u00fd \u00ae\u00d5n nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai n\u00b5y. Tr\u00b8i l\u00b9i, nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai trung l\u2212u c\u00e3 th\u00d3 gi\u00f3p \u00ddch cho ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi. Trong C\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng Trung Qu\u00e8c, nh\u00f7ng th\u2212\u00acng gia kh\u00b8 gi\u00b6 \u00ae\u00b7 t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c c\u00b8c c\u00abng ty b\u00dd m\u00cbt \u00ae\u00d3 gi\u00f3p \u00ae\u00ec v\u00b5 tuy\u00aan truy\u00d2n cho T\u00abn D\u00cbt Ti\u00aan. Trong s\u00e8 \u00ae\u00e3, c\u00e3 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai d\u00a9n ch\u00f1 \u00ae\u00b7 tr\u00eb th\u00b5nh c\u00e9ng s\u00b6n. B. Cu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00cau tranh giai c\u00cap Cu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00cau tranh giai c\u00cap kh\u00abng di\u00d4n ra gi\u00e8ng nh\u2212 \u00eb ph\u2212\u00acng T\u00a9y. - V\u00d2 ph\u00dda ng\u2212\u00eai lao \u00ae\u00e9ng, \u00ae\u00e3 l\u00b5 s\u00f9 kh\u00abng gi\u00b8c ng\u00e9, s\u00f9 nh\u00c9n nh\u00f4c v\u00b5 k\u00d5t qu\u00b6 l\u00b5 thi\u00d5u t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c. V\u00d2 ph\u00dda b\u00e4n ch\u00f1, kh\u00abng c\u00e3 m\u00b8y m\u00e3c, ru\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00e5ng thu\u00e9c s\u00eb h\u00f7u c\u00f1a \u00ae\u00b8m \u00ae\u00abng, nh\u00f7ng \u00ae\u00dea ch\u00f1 h\u00b9ng trung v\u00b5 h\u00b9ng nh\u00e1 v\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng k\u00ce m\u00b5 \u00eb \u00ae\u00e3 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec coi l\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b9i \u00ae\u00dea ch\u00f1 th\u00d7 ch\u00d8 l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng t\u00aan l\u00efn t\u00det b\u00aan c\u00b9nh nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai tr\u00efng t\u00aan v\u00edi h\u00e4 \u00eb ch\u00a9u \u00a2u v\u00b5 ch\u00a9u M\u00fc; kh\u00abng c\u00e3 tri\u00d6u ph\u00f3 ng\u2212\u00eai An Nam. Nh\u00f7ng t\u00aan th\u00cbt gi\u00b5u c\u00e3 \u00eb \u00ae\u00e3 th\u00d7 \u00eb \u00ae\u00a9y ch\u00d8 l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng k\u00ce thu t\u00ab kh\u00b8 gi\u00b6 th\u00abi.","b\u00b8o c\u00b8o v\u00d2 b\u00bec k\u00fa, trung k\u00fa v\u00b5 nam k\u00fa 509 - Cho n\u00aan, n\u00d5u n\u00abng d\u00a9n g\u00c7n nh\u2212 ch\u00bcng c\u00e3 g\u00d7 th\u00d7 \u00ae\u00dea ch\u00f1 c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng c\u00e3 t\u00b5i s\u00b6n g\u00d7 l\u00edn; n\u00d5u n\u00abng d\u00a9n ch\u00d8 s\u00e8ng b\u00bbng c\u00b8i t\u00e8i thi\u00d3u c\u00c7n thi\u00d5t th\u00d7 \u00ae\u00eai s\u00e8ng c\u00f1a \u00ae\u00dea ch\u00f1 c\u00f2ng ch\u00bcng c\u00e3 g\u00d7 l\u00b5 xa hoa; n\u00d5u th\u00ee thuy\u00d2n kh\u00abng bi\u00d5t m\u00d7nh b\u00de b\u00e3c l\u00e9t bao nhi\u00aau th\u00d7 ch\u00f1 l\u00b9i kh\u00abng h\u00d2 bi\u00d5t c\u00abng c\u00f4 \u00ae\u00d3 b\u00e3c l\u00e9t c\u00f1a h\u00e4 l\u00b5 m\u00b8y m\u00e3c; ng\u2212\u00eai th\u00d7 ch\u00bcng c\u00e3 c\u00abng \u00aeo\u00b5n, k\u00ce th\u00d7 ch\u00bcng c\u00e3 t\u00acr\u00edt. Ng\u2212\u00eai th\u00d7 cam ch\u00deu s\u00e8 ph\u00cbn c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh, k\u00ce th\u00d7 v\u00f5a ph\u00b6i trong s\u00f9 tham lam c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh. S\u00f9 xung \u00ae\u00e9t v\u00d2 quy\u00d2n l\u00eei c\u00f1a h\u00e4 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec gi\u00b6m thi\u00d3u. \u00a7i\u00d2u \u00ae\u00e3, kh\u00abng th\u00d3 ch\u00e8i c\u00b7i \u00ae\u2212\u00eec. Nh\u2212ng ng\u2212\u00eai ta s\u00cf b\u00b6o: Th\u00d5 l\u00b5 ch\u00f3ng ta \u00eb th\u00eai Trung c\u00e6 \u00b5? \u00e5! S\u00cf l\u00b5 qu\u00b8 \u00ae\u00b8ng n\u00d5u so s\u00b8nh ng\u2212\u00eai \u201cnh\u00b5 qu\u00aa\u201d1) v\u00edi ng\u2212\u00eai n\u00abng n\u00ab. An Nam ch\u2212a bao gi\u00ea c\u00e3 t\u00a8ng l\u00f7 v\u00b5 thu\u00d5 m\u2212\u00eai ph\u00c7n tr\u00a8m \u00ae\u00e3ng cho Gi\u00b8o h\u00e9i. Ho\u00b5ng \u00ae\u00d5 tr\u00de v\u00d7 nh\u2212ng ch\u00bcng lo cai tr\u00de g\u00d7. T\u00cat nhi\u00aan l\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b7 c\u00e3 quan l\u00b9i r\u00e5i. Nh\u2212ng c\u00e3 th\u00d3 so s\u00b8nh h\u00e4 v\u00edi ch\u00f3a phong ki\u00d5n kh\u00abng? Kh\u00abng. Tr\u2212\u00edc h\u00d5t, quan l\u00b9i \u00ae\u2212\u00eec tuy\u00d3n l\u00f9a theo con \u00ae\u2212\u00eang d\u00a9n ch\u00f1: Con \u00ae\u2212\u00eang thi c\u00f6, m\u00eb r\u00e9ng cho m\u00e4i ng\u2212\u00eai v\u00b5 m\u00e4i ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00e3 th\u00d3 chu\u00c8n b\u00de thi m\u00b5 ch\u00bcng t\u00e8n k\u00d0m g\u00d7. H\u00acn n\u00f7a, quy\u00d2n l\u00f9c c\u00f1a quan l\u00b9i \u00ae\u2212\u00eec c\u00a9n b\u00bbng b\u00bbng t\u00ddnh t\u00f9 tr\u00de c\u00f1a x\u00b7 th\u00abn. X\u00b7 h\u00e9i \u00can \u00a7\u00e9 \u2013 China \u2013 v\u00b5 t\u00abi c\u00e3 th\u00d3 n\u00e3i: \u00can \u00a7\u00e9 hay Trung Qu\u00e8c v\u00d2 m\u00c6t c\u00cau tr\u00f3c kinh t\u00d5, kh\u00abng gi\u00e8ng c\u00b8c x\u00b7 h\u00e9i ph\u2212\u00acng T\u00a9y th\u00eai Trung c\u00e6, c\u00f2ng nh\u2212 th\u00eai c\u00cbn \u00ae\u00b9i, v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00cau tranh giai c\u00cap \u00eb \u00ae\u00e3 kh\u00abng quy\u00d5t li\u00d6t nh\u2212 \u00eb \u00ae\u00a9y. Mai \u00ae\u00a9y, khi ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca t\u2212 b\u00b6n ph\u2212\u00acng T\u00a9y l\u00b5m \u00ae\u00e6i thay ph\u2212\u00acng \u00a7\u00abng th\u00d7 \u00ae\u00cau tranh giai c\u00cap c\u00e3 tr\u00eb n\u00aan quy\u00d5t li\u00d6t kh\u00abng? \u00a7\u00b9i th\u00d3 l\u00b5 c\u00e3, n\u00d5u x\u00d0t g\u2212\u00acng c\u00f1a Nh\u00cbt B\u00b6n. Th\u00cbt ra l\u00b5 c\u00e3, v\u00d7 s\u00f9 T\u00a9y ph\u2212\u00acng ho\u00b8 ng\u00b5y c\u00b5ng t\u00a8ng v\u00b5 t\u00cat y\u00d5u ph\u2212\u00acng \u00a7\u00abng; n\u00e3i c\u00b8ch kh\u00b8c, ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca M\u00b8c s\u00cf c\u00dfn \u00ae\u00f3ng c\u00b6 \u00eb \u00ae\u00e3. D\u00ef sao th\u00d7 c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng th\u00d3 c\u00cam b\u00e6 sung \u201cc\u00ac s\u00eb l\u00dech s\u00f6\u201d c\u00f1a ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca M\u00b8c b\u00bbng c\u00b8ch \u00ae\u2212a th\u00aam v\u00b5o \u00ae\u00e3 nh\u00f7ng t\u2212 li\u00d6u m\u00b5 M\u00b8c \u00eb th\u00eai m\u00d7nh kh\u00abng th\u00d3 c\u00e3 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec. M\u00b8c \u00ae\u00b7 x\u00a9y d\u00f9ng h\u00e4c thuy\u00d5t c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh tr\u00aan m\u00e9t tri\u00d5t l\u00fd nh\u00cat _______________ 1) Trong nguy\u00aan b\u00b6n nh\u00f7ng ch\u00f7 \u201cnh\u00b5 qu\u00aa\u201d vi\u00d5t b\u00bbng ti\u00d5ng Vi\u00d6t (BT).","510 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP \u00ae\u00denh c\u00f1a l\u00dech s\u00f6, nh\u2212ng l\u00dech s\u00f6 n\u00b5o? L\u00dech s\u00f6 ch\u00a9u \u00a2u. M\u00b5 ch\u00a9u \u00a2u l\u00b5 g\u00d7? \u00a7\u00e3 ch\u2212a ph\u00b6i l\u00b5 to\u00b5n th\u00d3 nh\u00a9n lo\u00b9i. M\u00b8c cho ta bi\u00d5t r\u00bbng s\u00f9 ti\u00d5n tri\u00d3n c\u00b8c x\u00b7 h\u00e9i tr\u00b6i qua ba giai \u00aeo\u00b9n: Ch\u00d5 \u00ae\u00e9 n\u00ab l\u00d6, ch\u00d5 \u00ae\u00e9 n\u00abng n\u00ab, ch\u00d5 \u00ae\u00e9 t\u2212 b\u00b6n; v\u00b5 trong m\u00e7i giai \u00aeo\u00b9n \u00cay, \u00ae\u00cau tranh giai c\u00cap c\u00e3 kh\u00b8c nhau. Ch\u00f3ng ta ph\u00b6i coi ch\u00f5ng! C\u00b8c d\u00a9n t\u00e9c Vi\u00d4n \u00a7\u00abng c\u00e3 tr\u00b6i qua hai giai \u00aeo\u00b9n \u00ae\u00c7u kh\u00abng? T\u00f5 nhi\u00d2u th\u00d5 k\u00fb nay, h\u00e4 ch\u00bcng h\u2212\u00ebng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec th\u00b8i b\u00d7nh hay sao \u00ae\u00d3 \u00ae\u00d5n m\u00f8c l\u00b5m cho ng\u2212\u00eai ch\u00a9u \u00a2u khinh r\u00ce h\u00e4 (l\u2212\u00eai nh\u00b8c, m\u00aa mu\u00e9i h\u00b5ng ngh\u00d7n n\u00a8m, v.v.)? Xem x\u00d0t l\u00b9i ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca M\u00b8c v\u00d2 c\u00ac s\u00eb l\u00dech s\u00f6 c\u00f1a n\u00e3, c\u00f1ng c\u00e8 n\u00e3 b\u00bbng d\u00a9n t\u00e9c h\u00e4c ph\u2212\u00acng \u00a7\u00abng. \u00a7\u00e3 ch\u00ddnh l\u00b5 nhi\u00d6m v\u00f4 m\u00b5 c\u00b8c x\u00abvi\u00d5t \u00ae\u00b6m nhi\u00d6m (Ban Thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi v\u00f5a nh\u00cbn \u00ae\u2212\u00eec th\u2212 m\u00eai ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi tham gia c\u00abng t\u00b8c n\u00b5y). V\u00b5 c\u00b8c x\u00abvi\u00d5t s\u00cf th\u00b5nh c\u00abng; v\u00d7 r\u00bbng, \u00ae\u00f8ng l\u00aan tr\u00aan c\u00b8c th\u00b5nh ki\u00d5n ch\u00f1ng t\u00e9c, h\u00e4 s\u00cf l\u00b5m cho th\u00d5 gi\u00edi \u00ae\u2212\u00eec mi\u00d4n nghe c\u00b8c l\u00eai t\u00c7m ph\u00b5o c\u00f1a nh\u00f7ng Guyxtave L\u00acb\u00abng (Gustave Lebon) v\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng H\u00a8ngri Co\u00e3c\u00aeie (Henri Cordier). C. Cu\u00e9c xung \u00ae\u00e9t gi\u00f7a hai th\u00d5 h\u00d6 v\u00b5 hai n\u00d2n v\u00a8n minh Cu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00cau tranh giai c\u00cap c\u00e3 th\u00d3 t\u00e5n t\u00b9i khi n\u00e3 b\u00de ngu\u00fe trang v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00c8y l\u00efi b\u00ebi cu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00cau tranh gi\u00f7a hai th\u00d5 h\u00d6: Th\u00d5 h\u00d6 nh\u00f7ng nh\u00b5 nho c\u00f2 v\u00b5 th\u00d5 h\u00d6 thanh ni\u00aan An Nam \u00ae\u00b7 \u00a2u ho\u00b8. Ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi \u00ae\u00b7 n\u00e3i, th\u00beng l\u00eei thu\u00e9c v\u00d2 thanh ni\u00aan; ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi b\u00e6 sung th\u00aam r\u00bbng cu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00cau tranh gi\u00f7a hai th\u00d5 h\u00d6 kh\u00abng c\u00e3 g\u00d7 kh\u00b8c cu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00cau tranh gi\u00f7a hai n\u00d2n v\u00a8n minh: N\u00d2n v\u00a8n minh ch\u00a9u \u00a2u, do th\u00f9c d\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p th\u00a9m nh\u00cbp v\u00b5o b\u00cat k\u00d3 t\u00e8t hay x\u00cau, v\u00b5 n\u00d2n v\u00a8n minh Trung Hoa... Th\u00cbt l\u00b9 l\u00efng khi theo d\u00e2i nh\u00f7ng chi ti\u00d5t r\u00cat nh\u00e1 cu\u00e9c s\u00e8ng c\u00f1a nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n, nh\u00f7ng bi\u00d5n c\u00e8 c\u00f1a cu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00cau tranh \u00ae\u00e3... T\u00abi \u00ae\u00b7 tham d\u00f9 m\u00e9t \u00ae\u00b8m tang; ng\u2212\u00eai An Nam c\u00e3 phong t\u00f4c t\u00c6ng cho vong h\u00e5n ng\u2212\u00eai ch\u00d5t m\u00e9t c\u00b8i nh\u00b5 b\u00bbng gi\u00cay b\u00bbng c\u00b8ch \u00ae\u00e8t \u00aei \u00eb n\u00aci c\u00e3 ng\u00abi m\u00e9 sau \u00ae\u00b8m tang: C\u00a8n nh\u00b5 t\u00abi th\u00cay c\u00e3 m\u00b8i theo ki\u00d3u c\u00f1a ng\u2212\u00eai An Nam, nh\u2212ng c\u00f6a s\u00e6 theo ch\u00a9u \u00a2u v\u00b5 m\u00e9t b\u00e9 xal\u00abng Pari, l\u00b5m n\u00aci \u00eb cho \u00ae\u00abi v\u00ee ch\u00e5ng.","b\u00b8o c\u00b8o v\u00d2 b\u00bec k\u00fa, trung k\u00fa v\u00b5 nam k\u00fa 511 Th\u00beng l\u00eei thu\u00e9c v\u00d2 l\u00edp tr\u00ce An Nam v\u00d7 \u00ae\u00e3 l\u00b5 hi\u00d6n th\u00a9n c\u00f1a l\u00edp tr\u00ce ch\u00a9u \u00a2u, th\u00beng l\u00eei \u00ae\u00e3 c\u00e3 l\u00eei cho nhi\u00d6m v\u00f4 c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi. \u00a7\u00e8i v\u00edi ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi, vi\u00d6c ng\u2212\u00eai An Nam v\u00b5o h\u00e4c tr\u2212\u00eang Ph\u00b8p v\u00d7 bu\u00e9c ph\u00b6i v\u00b5o ho\u00c6c v\u00d7 c\u00e3 \u00fd \u00ae\u00e5 ch\u00e8ng k\u00ce th\u00e8ng tr\u00de c\u00e3 hi\u00d6u qu\u00b6 h\u00acn, l\u00b5 \u00aei\u00d2u kh\u00abng quan tr\u00e4ng. D. Ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca d\u00a9n t\u00e9c Ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca d\u00a9n t\u00e9c l\u00b5 \u00ae\u00e9ng l\u00f9c l\u00edn c\u00f1a \u00ae\u00cat n\u2212\u00edc. Ch\u00ddnh n\u00e3 \u00ae\u00b7 g\u00a9y n\u00aan cu\u00e9c n\u00e6i d\u00cby ch\u00e8ng thu\u00d5 n\u00a8m 1908, n\u00e3 d\u00b9y cho nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai culi bi\u00d5t ph\u00b6n \u00ae\u00e8i, n\u00e3 l\u00b5m cho nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai \u201cnh\u00b5 qu\u00aa\u201d ph\u00b6n \u00ae\u00e8i ng\u00c7m tr\u2212\u00edc thu\u00d5 t\u00b9p d\u00dech v\u00b5 thu\u00d5 mu\u00e8i. C\u00f2ng ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca d\u00a9n t\u00e9c \u00ae\u00b7 th\u00f3c \u00ae\u00c8y c\u00b8c nh\u00b5 bu\u00abn An Nam c\u00b9nh tranh v\u00edi ng\u2212\u00eai Ph\u00b8p v\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai Trung Qu\u00e8c; n\u00e3 \u00ae\u00b7 th\u00f3c gi\u00f4c thanh ni\u00aan b\u00b7i kho\u00b8, l\u00b5m cho nh\u00f7ng nh\u00b5 c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng tr\u00e8n sang Nh\u00cbt B\u00b6n, l\u00b5m vua Duy T\u00a9n m\u2212u t\u00ddnh kh\u00ebi ngh\u00dca n\u00a8m 19171). - Chi\u00d5n tranh \u00ae\u00b7 l\u00b5m thay \u00ae\u00e6i ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca d\u00a9n t\u00e9c: 1. Ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca d\u00a9n t\u00e9c \u00ae\u00b7 hi\u00d6n \u00ae\u00b9i ho\u00b8 khi chuy\u00d3n t\u00f5 gi\u00edi th\u2212\u00eeng l\u2212u n\u00b5y sang gi\u00edi th\u2212\u00eeng l\u2212u kh\u00b8c. Ch\u00ddnh thanh ni\u00aan An Nam ng\u00b5y nay \u00aeang ch\u00d8 \u00ae\u00b9o n\u00e3. 2. Ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca d\u00a9n t\u00e9c \u00a8n s\u00a9u v\u00b5o qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng nh\u00ea s\u00f9 ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n c\u00f1a c\u00b8c ph\u00c7n t\u00f6 th\u00b5nh th\u00de v\u00b5 nh\u00cat l\u00b5 nh\u00ea s\u00f9 tuy\u00d3n m\u00e9 v\u00b5 tr\u00eb v\u00d2 c\u00f1a \u201cl\u00ddnh t\u00d7nh nguy\u00d6n\u201d. 3. Trong ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca d\u00a9n t\u00e9c c\u00e3 c\u00b6 l\u00dfng c\u00a8m gh\u00d0t b\u00e4n x\u00a9m l\u2212\u00eec Trung Qu\u00e8c v\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai \u00can \u00a7\u00e9 sinh c\u00ac l\u00cbp nghi\u00d6p \u00eb tr\u00aan \u00ae\u00cat n\u2212\u00edc n\u00b5y. 4. N\u00e3 c\u00e3 xu h\u2212\u00edng h\u00eep ph\u00b8p ho\u00b8 c\u00b8c h\u00d7nh th\u00f8c bi\u00d3u hi\u00d6n v\u00b5 y\u00aau s\u00b8ch c\u00f1a n\u00e3. M\u00e9t m\u00c6t, ch\u00ddnh quy\u00d2n nh\u2212\u00eeng b\u00e9. M\u00c6t kh\u00b8c, l\u00edp thanh ni\u00aan t\u00f5 b\u00e1 ph\u2212\u00acng ph\u00b8p ti\u00d5n h\u00b5nh nh\u00f7ng cu\u00e9c n\u00e6i d\u00cby b\u00e9t ph\u00b8t c\u00f1a l\u00edp ng\u2212\u00eai \u00aei tr\u2212\u00edc, v\u00b5 ng\u00b5y nay, ng\u2212\u00eai ta thi\u00aan v\u00d2 chi\u00d5n thu\u00cbt c\u00f1a nh\u00f7ng nh\u00b5 c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng ch\u00a9u \u00a2u: Tuy\u00aan truy\u00d2n, t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c v\u00b5 kh\u00ebi ngh\u00dca qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng. Trong khi l\u00edp ng\u2212\u00eai gi\u00b5 mu\u00e8n \u00ae\u00e9c l\u00cbp _______________ 1) Cu\u00e9c m\u2212u kh\u00ebi ngh\u00dca di\u00d4n ra n\u00a8m 1916 (BT).","512 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP ngay th\u00d7 l\u00edp tr\u00ce y\u00aau s\u00b8ch nh\u00f7ng thi\u00d5t ch\u00d5 chu\u00c8n b\u00de cho \u00ae\u00e9c l\u00cbp (t\u00ea La Tribune indig\u00ccne62: C\u00ac quan c\u00f1a ph\u00b8i l\u00cbp hi\u00d5n). - Trung t\u00a9m c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng 1. \u00eb Trung K\u00fa, c\u00e3 th\u00d3 k\u00d3 c\u00b8c t\u00d8nh Ngh\u00d6 An, H\u00b5 T\u00dcnh v\u00b5 C\u00e8 \u00ae\u00ab Hu\u00d5. \u00eb Hu\u00d5, ngay trong Cung \u00ae\u00d7nh, c\u00f2ng c\u00e3 nh\u00f7ng \u201cng\u2212\u00eai theo ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca ch\u00ddnh th\u00e8ng\u201d ph\u00b8i c\u00f1a vua Duy T\u00a9n, ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00de b\u00bet \u00aei \u00ae\u00b5y \u00eb R\u00aauyni\u00abng v\u00d7 \u201cch\u00e8ng Ph\u00b8p\u201d. V\u00d7 Trung K\u00fa do c\u00b8c nh\u00b5 nho gi\u00b5 th\u00e8ng tr\u00de v\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng tr\u00dd th\u00f8c \u00eb r\u00b6i r\u00b8c trong nh\u00f7ng th\u00b5nh ph\u00e8 nh\u00e1 v\u00b5 th\u00abn x\u00b7, n\u00aan c\u00b8c trung t\u00a9m c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng kh\u00abng th\u00cay r\u00e2 nh\u2212 \u00eb B\u00bec K\u00fa v\u00b5 Nam K\u00fa. 2. \u00eb B\u00bec K\u00fa, tr\u2212\u00edc h\u00d5t ph\u00b6i n\u00e3i \u00ae\u00d5n bi\u00aan gi\u00edi v\u00edi V\u00a9n Nam l\u00b5 n\u00aci \u00aei l\u00b9i ho\u00c6c c\u2212 tr\u00f3 c\u00f1a nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai \u201cngo\u00b5i ph\u00b8p lu\u00cbt\u201d n\u00aan t\u00d8nh Lai Ch\u00a9u l\u00b5 b\u00e9 ph\u00cbn ho\u00c6c \u00ae\u00dea ph\u2212\u00acng b\u00b6o h\u00e9 cu\u00e8i c\u00efng c\u00f1a Ph\u00b8p. L\u00b7nh ch\u00f3a c\u00f1a t\u00d8nh n\u00b5y, ch\u2212a bao gi\u00ea \u00ae\u00e9c l\u00cbp, \u00ae\u00b7 ch\u00b9y qua bi\u00aan gi\u00edi c\u00efng v\u00edi gia \u00ae\u00d7nh v\u00b5 tay ch\u00a9n, ch\u00d8 ch\u00ea c\u00e3 d\u00dep \u201ctr\u00eb xu\u00e8ng\u201d. R\u00e5i \u00ae\u00d5n \u00ae\u00e5ng b\u00bbng \u201cs\u00abng H\u00e5ng\u201d, c\u00e3 Th\u00f1 \u00ae\u00ab H\u00b5 N\u00e9i, n\u00aci m\u00b5 b\u00b8o ch\u00dd b\u00b6n x\u00f8 ho\u00b5n to\u00b5n \u00ae\u2212\u00eec tr\u00ee c\u00cap, nh\u2212ng l\u00b9i l\u00b5 n\u00aci tr\u2212\u00eang trung h\u00e4c, tr\u2212\u00eang \u00ae\u00b9i h\u00e4c, c\u00b8c t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c t\u2212\u00acng t\u00d5, c\u00b8c h\u00e9i th\u00d3 thao v\u00b5 th\u2212\u00acng m\u00b9i, c\u00b8c nh\u00b5 h\u00b8t \u00ae\u00d2u b\u00de ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca d\u00a9n t\u00e9c th\u00a9m nh\u00cbp. C\u00e3 th\u00d3 k\u00d3 c\u00b6 H\u00b6i Ph\u00dfng, h\u00b6i c\u00b6ng v\u00b5 Nam \u00a7\u00denh, t\u00d8nh c\u00e3 nhi\u00d2u tr\u2212\u00eang h\u00e4c nh\u00cat tr\u2212\u00edc khi hu\u00fb b\u00e1 c\u00b8c tr\u2212\u00eang Trung Hoa, t\u00cat nhi\u00aan \u00eb \u00ae\u00e3 nhi\u00d2u nh\u00b5 nho c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng sinh s\u00e8ng. Nh\u2212ng nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai n\u00b5y c\u00f2ng gi\u00e8ng \u00ae\u00e5ng nghi\u00d6p c\u00f1a h\u00e4 \u00eb Trung K\u00fa b\u00bet con m\u00d7nh h\u00e4c tr\u2212\u00eang Ph\u00b8p. 3. Trong s\u00e8 c\u00b8c trung t\u00a9m c\u00f1a phong tr\u00b5o \u201cAn Nam tr\u00ce\u201d th\u00d7 \u00ae\u00f8ng \u00ae\u00c7u l\u00b5 S\u00b5i G\u00dfn. B\u00b8o ch\u00dd \u00ae\u00dea ph\u2212\u00acng b\u00bbng ti\u00d5ng Ph\u00b8p ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n. M\u00e9t tr\u2212\u00eang trung h\u00e4c cho con trai v\u00b5 nhi\u00d2u h\u00e9i th\u00d3 thao \u00ae\u00b7 m\u00e4c l\u00aan. 4. T\u00abki\u00ab, B\u00bec Kinh, Qu\u00b6ng Ch\u00a9u v\u00b5 bi\u00aan gi\u00edi Trung Hoa l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng n\u00aci tr\u00f3 \u00c8n c\u00f1a nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng. 5. Ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi kh\u00abng qu\u00aan nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00de \u00aei \u00ae\u00b5y \u00eb Nouvelle Cal\u00d0donie v\u00b5 C\u00abn \u00a7\u00b6o.","b\u00b8o c\u00b8o v\u00d2 b\u00bec k\u00fa, trung k\u00fa v\u00b5 nam k\u00fa 513 6. Cu\u00e8i c\u00efng, \u00eb Ph\u00b8p, l\u00b5 m\u00e9t nh\u00e3m nh\u00e1 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00e9ng s\u00b6n v\u00b5 c\u00b6m t\u00d7nh \u00eb Pari, M\u00b8cx\u00a9y, Bo\u00e3c\u00ae\u00ab, M\u00abnt\u00acpeli\u00ac v\u00b5 L\u00ac Havr\u00ac. III C\u2212\u00acng l\u00dcnh c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi Ph\u2212\u00acng h\u2212\u00edng chung Ph\u00b8t \u00ae\u00e9ng ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca d\u00a9n t\u00e9c b\u00b6n x\u00f8 nh\u00a9n danh Qu\u00e8c t\u00d5 C\u00e9ng s\u00b6n. Kh\u00c8u hi\u00d6u n\u00b5y, do M\u00b8txc\u00acva tung ra, \u00ae\u00b8nh v\u00b5o c\u00b8c nh\u00b5 t\u2212 s\u00b6n nh\u2212 m\u00e9t ngh\u00dech l\u00fd t\u00b8o b\u00b9o, nh\u2212ng th\u00cbt ra \u00aei\u00d2u \u00ae\u00e3 c\u00e3 ngh\u00dca g\u00d7? M\u00e9t ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch mang t\u00ddnh hi\u00d6n th\u00f9c tuy\u00d6t v\u00eai. Gi\u00ea \u00ae\u00a9y, ng\u2212\u00eai ta s\u00cf kh\u00abng th\u00d3 l\u00b5m g\u00d7 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec cho ng\u2212\u00eai An Nam n\u00d5u kh\u00abng d\u00f9a tr\u00aan c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e9ng l\u00f9c v\u00dc \u00ae\u00b9i v\u00b5 duy nh\u00cat c\u00f1a \u00ae\u00eai s\u00e8ng x\u00b7 h\u00e9i c\u00f1a h\u00e4. Khi ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca d\u00a9n t\u00e9c c\u00f1a h\u00e4 th\u00beng l\u00eei, th\u00d7 \u00ae\u00b7 l\u00a9u l\u00bem r\u00e5i, ph\u00c7n l\u00edn th\u00d5 gi\u00edi s\u00cf X\u00abvi\u00d5t ho\u00b8 v\u00b5 l\u00f3c \u00ae\u00e3, nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca d\u00a9n t\u00e9c \u00cay s\u00cf bi\u00d5n th\u00b5nh ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca qu\u00e8c t\u00d5. Trong khi ch\u00ea \u00ae\u00eei, ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca d\u00a9n t\u00e9c s\u00cf qu\u00cay r\u00e8i ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca \u00ae\u00d5 qu\u00e8c Ph\u00b8p v\u00b5 b\u00bbng vi\u00d6c l\u00b5m n\u00b5y, Qu\u00e8c t\u00d5 C\u00e9ng s\u00b6n s\u00cf \u00ae\u2212\u00eec l\u00eei tr\u00f9c ti\u00d5p. A. \u00eb \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng H\u00b5nh \u00ae\u00e9ng h\u00eep ph\u00b8p ph\u00f4 thu\u00e9c v\u00b5o vi\u00d6c n\u2212\u00edc Ph\u00b8p th\u00f5a nh\u00cbn c\u00b8c x\u00abvi\u00d5t. \u00a7i\u00d2u \u00ae\u00c7u ti\u00aan ph\u00b6i l\u00b5m l\u00b5 s\u00cf thi\u00d5t l\u00cbp c\u00b8c l\u00b7nh s\u00f9 qu\u00b8n Nga \u00eb S\u00b5i G\u00dfn, H\u00b6i Ph\u00dfng, H\u00b5 N\u00e9i, \u00a7\u00b5 N\u00bdng. Nh\u00f7ng l\u00b7nh s\u00f9 qu\u00b8n n\u00b5y t\u00f9 nhi\u00aan s\u00cf l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng trung t\u00a9m tuy\u00aan truy\u00d2n ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca b\u00abns\u00aav\u00ddch v\u00b5 l\u00f9a ch\u00e4n c\u00b8c chi\u00d5n s\u00dc b\u00b6n x\u00f8 \u00ae\u00d3 g\u00f6i sang Nga. Ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng b\u00cat h\u00eep ph\u00b8p s\u00cf l\u00b5 tr\u00ee c\u00cap cho m\u00e9t t\u00ea b\u00b8o, r\u00b6i truy\u00d2n \u00ae\u00acn v\u00b5 nh\u00cat l\u00b5 c\u00b8c b\u00b5i \u00ae\u00b6 k\u00ddch b\u00bbng ti\u00d5ng b\u00b6n x\u00f8 v\u00b5 ch\u00f7 H\u00b8n, l\u00b5 t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c nh\u00f7ng h\u00e9i k\u00ddn. Nh\u00a9n vi\u00aan tuy\u00aan truy\u00d2n g\u00e5m c\u00e3: Ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00b6n x\u00f8, ng\u2212\u00eai Ph\u00b8p v\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai Nga, n\u00d5u c\u00e3 th\u00d3 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec th\u00d7, bi\u00d5t ti\u00d5ng n\u2212\u00edc n\u00b5y, v\u00b5 l\u00b5m m\u00e9t ngh\u00d2 khi\u00d5n h\u00e4 ti\u00d5p x\u00f3c \u00ae\u2212\u00eec v\u00edi d\u00a9n b\u00b6n x\u00f8 (n\u00f7 h\u00e9 sinh, n\u00f7 gi\u00b8o vi\u00aan, th\u00c7y thu\u00e8c \u00eb n\u00abng th\u00abn, d\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e5n \u00aei\u00d2n. M\u00e9t lu\u00cbt s\u2212 cho ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00b6n x\u00f8 s\u00cf \u00ae\u2212\u00eec m\u00e4i ng\u2212\u00eai bi\u00d5t ti\u00d5ng ngay). Th\u00b5nh l\u00cbp ra \u00eb Ch\u00ee L\u00edn m\u00e9t ph\u00a9n b\u00e9 c\u00e9ng s\u00b6n Trung Qu\u00e8c."]