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Uday_DIET Dibrugarh_Annual Magazine_2020-21

Published by sphukan14, 2021-09-12 04:13:37

Description: Uday_DIET Dibrugarh_Annual Magazine_2020-21

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○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ 150

○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ’¸˜œ˚˛± ¸±ø˝√Ó¬…Ó¬ ¸±˜±øÊ√ﬂ¡ ˜±Ò…˜1 ˆ”¬ø˜ﬂ¡± Œ˜Ã‰≈¬˜œ ˘±˝√Ú øÎ¬.¤˘.¤Î¬. Ó‘¬Ó¬œ˚˛ ¯∏±∞√¨±ø¸ﬂ¡ ¸±ø˝√Ó¬…, ¸˜±Ê√1 õ∂Ó¬œﬂ¡º ¸±ø˝√Ó¬…1 Ê√ø1˚˛ÀÓ¬À˝√ ø˘ø‡Ó¬ 1+¬ÛÓ¬ ¤‡Ú ¸˜±Ê√ Ê√œªÚ1 õ∂ﬂ‘¡Ó¬ Â√ø¬ı õ∂øÓ¬Ù¬ø˘Ó¬ Œ˝√±ª± Œ√‡± ˚±˚˛º ë¸˜í ’±1n∏ ëø˝√Ó¬í ¤˝◊√ ≈√À˚˛±È¬± ˙s1 ¬Û1±˝◊√ ¸±ø˝√Ó¬… ˙sÀÈ¬± ¸‘ø©Ü ∆˝√ÀÂ√º ’¸˜œ˚˛± ¸±ø˝√Ó¬… ¬ı≈ø˘À˘ ø¬ıÀ˙¯∏Õﬂ¡ ﬂ¡ø¬ıÓ¬±, ·ä, Î¬◊¬ÛÚ…±¸, õ∂¬ıg, øÚ¬ıg ˝◊√Ó¬…±ø√ ¸ﬂ¡À˘±À¬ı±1Àﬂ¡ ¸±„≈√ø1 ˘˚˛º ¸±ø˝√Ó¬…1 ˘·Ó¬ ˆ¬±¯∏±1 ¸•Ûﬂ«¡ ›Ó¬–Œõ∂±Ó¬, ≈√À˚˛± ≈√À˚˛±À1 ¬Ûø1¬Û”1ﬂ¡º ¸˜±Ê√Ó¬ ¬ıøÓ«¬ Ôﬂ¡± ’±Àª·, ’Ú≈ˆ”¬øÓ¬, ø¬ıÀ^±˝√, ’±ﬂ¡±—é¬±, ˜1˜, ’Ó¬…±‰¬±1 ’±ø√ ø¬ıøˆ¬iß ø√˙ﬂ¡ ¸±ø˝√Ó¬…1 Œ˚±À·ø√ õ∂ﬂ¡±˙ ﬂ¡ø1¬ı ¬Û±ø1º ¸±ø˝√Ó¬… ’ø¬ı˝√ÀÚ ¤È¬± ˆ¬±¯∏± ¬ı± Ê√±øÓ¬ Ê√œ˚˛±˝◊√ Ô±øﬂ¡¬ı ŒÚ±ª±À1º ¸±ø˝√Ó¬… ‰¬‰«¬±˝◊√ ˆ¬±¯∏± ¬ı± Ê√±øÓ¬ﬂ¡ Î¬◊ißøÓ¬1 ¬ÛÔÓ¬ ’±&ª±˝◊√ øÚ˚˛±Ó¬ õ∂Ó¬…é¬ˆ¬±Àª ¸˝√±˚˛ ﬂ¡À1º ¬ıÓ«¬˜±Ú ø¬ı:±Ú ’±1n∏ õ∂˚≈øMê√À˚˛ Ú Ú ’±øª©®±1 ﬂ¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ ¸é¬˜ ∆˝√ ¸ˆ¬…Ó¬±1 Œ¸ÃÒ ’±ﬂ¡±˙ ‰≈¬•§œ ﬂ¡ø1 Ó≈¬ø˘ÀÂ√ ˚ø√› ¸±—¶‘®øÓ¬ﬂ¡ ø¬ıﬂ¡±˙ ’Ò– ·øÓ¬Ó¬ ˝√í¬ıÕ˘ ’±1y ﬂ¡ø1ÀÂ√º ¤ÀÚÀé¬SÓ¬ ’ø1˝√Ì± Œ˚±À·±ª± ø¬ıøˆ¬iß ∆¬ı≈√…øÓ¬Ú ˜±Ò…˜1 øˆ¬Ó¬1Ó¬ ’±Ú ¤È¬± ÚÓ≈¬Ú ˜±Ò…˜ ˝√í˘ ¸±˜±øÊ√ﬂ¡ õ∂‰¬±1 ˜±Ò…˜ ø˚ ¤øÓ¬˚˛± ëÂ√ø‰¬À˚˛˘ ø˜øÎ¬˚˛±í ø˝√‰¬±À¬Û õ∂ˆ¬±ª˙±˘œ ∆˝√ ¬Ûø1ÀÂ√º ¸˜±Ê√ ¬Ûø1ªÓ«¬Ú1 ø√À˙ ’¢∂·øÓ¬1 Ù¬±À˘ ’±·1Ú≈ª± ﬂ¡1±Ó¬ ¸˜±Ê√1 ¤˝◊√ ¸±˜±øÊ√ﬂ¡ õ∂‰¬±1 ˜±Ò…˜¸˜”˝√1 ’ø1˝√Ì± ’À˙¯∏º ’¸˜œ˚˛± ¸±ø˝√Ó¬…Ó¬ ø¬ıÀ˙¯∏Õﬂ¡ ¸±˜±øÊ√ﬂ¡ ˜±Ò…˜¸˜”À˝√ ˚ÀÔ©Üˆ¬±Àª ’ø1˝√Ì± ’±·¬ıÀÏ¬ˇ±ª±Ó¬ ¸˝√±˚˛ ﬂ¡ø1ÀÂ√º ø˚À˝√Ó≈¬ ¸±ø˝√Ó¬…˝◊√ ¤È¬± Ê√±øÓ¬1 ¬Ûø1‰¬±˚˛ﬂ¡º ¤ÀÚÒ1Ì1 ¬ıU õ∂øÓ¬ˆ¬±˙±˘œ ø˙q Ó¬Ô± ¬ı…øMê√ ’±˜±1 ¸˜±Ê√Ó¬ ø˘5 ∆˝√ ’±ÀÂ√º ¸±˜±øÊ√ﬂ¡ ˜±Ò…˜¸˜”˝√Ó¬ ŒÓ¬›“À˘±ﬂ¡1 õ∂øÓ¬ˆ¬±ø¬ı˘±ﬂ¡ õ∂ﬂ¡±˙ ﬂ¡ø1À˘ õ∂øÓ¬ˆ¬±ﬂ¡ Î¬◊ø‰¬Ó¬ ˜˚«…±√± ø√˚˛± ˝√í¬ıº ø¬ıøˆ¬iß Ò1Ì1 ¸±˜±øÊ√ﬂ¡ ˜±Ò…˜¸˜”˝√ Œ˚ÀÚ ŒÙ¬‰¬¬ı≈ﬂ¡, Œ˝√±ª±È¬Âƒ√¤¬Û, È≈¬˝◊√È¬±1, 151

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○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ∆˝√ ’±ÀÂ√º (https://arambhani.com/) ŒÙ¬‰¬¬ı≈ﬂ¡1 Ê√ø1˚˛ÀÓ¬ õ∂‰¬±ø1Ó¬ Œ˝√±ª± ’Ú≈1±Ò± ·Õ·1 ¡Z±1± [‡] ¸g±Ú (https://xandhan.com/) 1ø‰¬Ó¬ ¤ﬂ¡ Î¬◊¬ÛÚ…±¸ ˝√í˘ ë¤Ê√Úœ ˜√ Œ¬ı‰¬± øÓ¬À1±Ó¬±1 ¸±Ò…í, ø˚ [·] øÚ˚1˛ (https:/niyor.emagazine.wordpress.com/) ¸±˜±øÊ√ﬂ¡ ˜±Ò…˜1 Ê√ø1˚˛ÀÓ¬ ’¸˜œ˚˛± ¸±ø˝√Ó¬… Ê√·Ó¬Õ˘ ˚ÀÔ©Ü [‚] ¸Ù“ ¬≈ 1± (https://www.xophura.net/) ’ø1˝√Ì± ’±·¬ıÏ¬ˇ±˝◊√ÀÂ√º Î¬◊¬ÛÚ…±¸‡Ú Ê√œªÀÚ ¬ı±À1 ¬ı±À1 Œﬂ¡±¬ı±˝◊√ Œﬂ¡±„√± ﬂ¡ø1 Œ¬ÛÀ˘±ª± ¤Ê√Úœ øÚ–¸˝√±˚˛ ˜ø˝√˘±1 ﬂ¡±ø˝√Úœ ¸±˜ø1 Œ¸À˚˛À˝√ ¸±˜±øÊ√ﬂ¡ ˜±Ò…˜ ø˝√‰¬±À¬Û ŒÙ¬‰¬¬ı≈ﬂ¡1 Ê√ø1˚˛ÀÓ¬ Œ˘±ª± ∆˝√ÀÂ√º ¤˚˛± ¬ı±ô¶øªﬂ¡ Ê√œªÚ1 ¤ﬂ¡ ¸±Ò≈ Œ˚Ú ˘·± ﬂ¡±ø˝√Úœº ¤ﬂ¡ ¬ı‘˝√» ¸—‡…ﬂ¡ Œ˘‡ﬂ¡-Œ˘ø‡ﬂ¡±˝◊√ ŒÓ¬›“À˘±ﬂ¡1 ø˘‡øÚ¸˜”˝√ ¸≈µ1 Î¬◊¬Û˜± ’±1n∏ õ∂øÓ¬ﬂ¡œ Î¬◊¬Û¶ö±¬ÛÀÚÀ1 ¸±ª˘œ˘ ’±1n∏ ﬂ¡±ø¬ı…ﬂ¡ õ∂ﬂ¡±˙ ﬂ¡1±1 ¸≈ø¬ıÒ±ﬂ¡Ì ¢∂˝√Ì ﬂ¡ø1¬ı ¬Û±ø1ÀÂ√º ŒÙ¬‰¬¬ı≈Àﬂ¡ ’¸˜œ˚˛±Ó¬ ∆˙˘œÀ1 ‚È¬Ú±¸˜”˝√ ’Ô«¬Û”Ì« ﬂ¡ø1 ŒÓ¬±˘±1 ¤ﬂ¡ ˙øMê√˙±˘œ &Ì ø˘ø‡¬ıÕ˘ ¸≈ø¬ıÒ± ø√˚˛±1 ¬Û1± ŒÙ¬‰¬¬ı≈ﬂ¡1 Œ¬Û±©Ü ø˝√‰¬±À¬Û˝◊√ ’À˘‡ Î¬◊¬ÛÚ…±¸‡ÚÓ¬ Œ√‡± À¬Û±ª± ˚±˚˛º Î¬◊¬ÛÚ…±¸‡Ú1 ‰¬ø1S ¸˜”˝√ ¬ı±ô¶ª ¸≈‡¬Û±Í¬…1 ¸‘ø©Ü ∆Â√ÀÂ√º ˝√±Ê√±À1±øÒﬂ¡ ˜±Ú≈À˝√ Œ¸˝◊√ Œ¬Û±©Ü¸˜”˝√ ¬ÛÀÏ¬ˇº ¸˜±Ê√‡Ú1 Ê√œªôL ¸±é¬œ¶§1+¬Ûº Ú±˚˛ﬂ¡ ¸Ó¬…ﬂ¡±˜ ’±1n∏ Ú±ø˚˛ﬂ¡± ’Ô«±» ¬ÛÏ¬ˇ≈Õª ’±1n∏ Œ˘‡ﬂ¡ ¸˜¸±˜ø˚˛ﬂ¡ˆ¬±Àª ¸‘ø©Ü ∆˝√ÀÂ√º ’¸˜œ˚˛± ø‰¬SÀ˘‡±1 ˘·ÀÓ¬ ’±Ú ‰¬ø1S¸˜”˝√, Œ˚ÀÚ õ∂Ìªœ1±˜, 1Ó¬Ú, ˆ¬±¯∏±Ó¬ ¸±ø˝√Ó¬… ‰¬‰«¬±1 ¬ı±À¬ı Ê√ij Œ˝√±ª± ŒÙ¬‰¬¬ı≈ﬂ¡1 ë’¸˜œ˚˛±Ó¬ ˜±Ê√Úœ ’±ø√Àﬂ¡± ¸≈µ1Õﬂ¡ Ê√œªôL 1+¬Û ø√˚˛± ∆˝√ÀÂ√º ‰¬ø1S¸˜”˝√Ó¬ ﬂ¡Ô± ¬ıÓ¬1±1í √À1 ˙øMê√˙±˘œ Œ·±È¬¸˜”À˝√ ¤ﬂ¡ ˝◊√øÓ¬¬ı±‰¬ﬂ¡ õ∂ˆ¬±ª ¬Û±Í¬Àﬂ¡ øÚÊ√ﬂ¡ ø¬ı‰¬±ø1 Œ¬Û±ª± Ò1ÀÌÀ1 ﬂ¡±ø˝√Úœ ¸˜‘X ﬂ¡ø1ÀÂ√º Œ¬Û˘±˝◊√ÀÂ√º ’¸˜œ˚˛± ˆ¬±¯∏±ÀÈ¬±Ó¬ ¸±˜±øÊ√ﬂ¡ ˜±Ò…˜Ó¬ ¬ıUÀÓ¬± Î¬◊¬ÛÚ…±¸‡ÚÓ¬ Ú±1œ1 ’±R±øˆ¬˜±Úœ ‰¬ø1S1 ˘·ÀÓ¬ ¬Û≈1n∏¯∏1 Œ˘‡Àﬂ¡ øÚÊ√1 õ∂øÓ¬ˆ¬±1 ¬Ûø1‰¬˚˛ ø√¬ıÕ˘ ¸é¬˜ ∆˝√ÀÂ√º ˚íÓ¬ ¤˝◊√ ¸1˘Ó¬±ø‡øÚ› ¸≈µ1ˆ¬±Àª Ù≈¬øÈ¬ Î¬◊øÍ¬ÀÂ√º Î¬◊¬ÛÚ…±¸‡Ú &ª±˝√±È¬œ ¸±˜±øÊ√ﬂ¡ ˜±Ò…˜¸˜”À˝√ ’¸˜œ˚˛± ¸±ø˝√Ó¬… Ê√·Ó¬‡Úﬂ¡ ‰¬˝√ﬂ¡œ ﬂ¡ø1 ¢∂LöÀ˜˘±1 ëŒ‡±Ê√ ¬Û±ø¬ıvÀﬂ¡ù´Úí 1 ø¬ı¬ÛÚœ1 ¬Û1± õ∂ﬂ¡±ø˙Ó¬ ∆˝√ÀÂ√º Ó≈¬ø˘ÀÂ√ ¬ı≈ø˘ ﬂ¡í¬ı ¬Û±ø1º ø¬ıÀ˙¯∏Õﬂ¡ ˜˝√±˜±1œ ﬂ¡1íÚ±1 ˆ¬˚˛±¬ı˝√ ¬Ûø1ø¶öøÓ¬1 ¸˜˚˛Ó¬ Â√ø‰¬À˚˛˘ ø˜øÎ¬˚˛±˝◊√ ’¸˜œ˚˛± ¸±ø˝√Ó¬… Ê√·Ó¬Ó¬ øÍ¬ﬂ¡ Œ¸˝◊√√À1 Úø˜Ó¬± Ó¬±˘≈ﬂ¡√±11 ¡Z±1± 1ø‰¬Ó¬ ŒÙ¬‰¬¬ı≈ﬂ¡1 ˚ÀÔ©Ü ¸˜±√1 ˘±ˆ¬ ﬂ¡ø1ÀÂ√º Œ¬ıøÂ√ˆ¬±À· øﬂ¡Ó¬±À¬Û˝◊√ ø¬ÛøÎ¬¤Ù¬ ¡Z±1± õ∂ﬂ¡±ø˙Ó¬ ’Ú… ¤ﬂ¡‡Ú Î¬◊¬ÛÚ…±¸ ë1±Ò√±í ¤øÈ¬ ¸1n∏ Œõ∂˜ ’±ﬂ¡±À1 ŒÙ¬‰¬¬ı≈ﬂ¡Ó¬ ’±¬Û˘íÎ¬ ﬂ¡1± Œ√‡± Œ¬Û±ª± ˚±˚˛º ¤˚˛± ¤ﬂ¡˜±S ﬂ¡±ø˝√Úœº ˚íÓ¬ Œõ∂˜, ø¬ıÀ26√, ø¬ı1˝√, ø˜˘Ú ’±ø√ øˆ¬iß 1¸1 ¸˜±˝√±1 ¸yª ∆˝√ Î¬◊øÍ¬ÀÂ√ ¤˝◊√ ¸±˜±øÊ√ﬂ¡ ˜±Ò…˜¸˜”˝√1 Ê√ø1˚˛ÀÓ¬º ’ªÀ˙… ‚È¬±¬ıÕ˘ õ∂˚˛±¸ ﬂ¡1± ∆˝√ÀÂ√º ’±Àﬂ¡Ã 1±¶ß± ¬Û±˘ﬂ¡1 ¡Z±1± 1ø‰¬Ó¬ ˜±ÀÊ√ ¸˜À˚˛ ≈√˝◊√ ¤‡Ú øﬂ¡Ó¬±¬Û ¬ÛÏ¬ˇ±ÀÈ¬± ’øÓ¬Àﬂ¡ õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Úœ˚˛ ë1í√±ø˘ 1í√ Œ√í ’±1n∏ õ∂øÓ¬ˆ”¬ √M√1 ¡Z±1± 1ø‰¬Ó¬ ëˆ”¬ˆ¬±1¶öí ’Ú… øﬂ¡˚˛ÀÚ± ¬Û≈øÔ ’Ò…˚˛ÀÚ ’±˜±1 ˜ÚÀÈ¬± ¸‘ø©Ü˙œ˘ ﬂ¡ø1 ŒÓ¬±˘±1 ¤ﬂ¡ Ê√Úøõ∂˚˛ Î¬◊¬ÛÚ…±¸ ø˚ ’¸˜œ˚˛± ¸±ø˝√Ó¬…ﬂ¡ ˚ÀÔ©Ü ‰¬˝√ﬂ¡œ ﬂ¡ø1 ˘·ÀÓ¬ ¸¬ı˘ ﬂ¡ø1 ŒÓ¬±À˘º Œ¸À˚˛ øﬂ¡Ó¬±¬Û ø˘‡±1 ˘·ÀÓ¬ ¬ÛÏ¬ˇ±1 Ó≈¬ø˘ÀÂ√º Ê√ø1˚˛ÀÓ¬ ’±Úµ› Î¬◊¬ÛÀˆ¬±· ﬂ¡ø1¬ı ˘±À·º øÍ¬ﬂ¡ Œ¸˝◊√√À1 ˝◊√- ’±À˘±‰¬Úœ ¸˜”À˝√› ’¸˜œ˚˛± ¸±ø˝√Ó¬… Ê√·Ó¬Ó¬ ˚ÀÔ©Ü ’ø1˝√Ì± ’Ú…˝√±ÀÓ¬, ø¬ıøˆ¬iß Ò1Ì1 ˝◊√-’±À˘±‰¬Úœ1 Ê√ø1˚˛ÀÓ¬ Œ˚±·±˝◊√ÀÂ√º ¸±˜±øÊ√ﬂ¡ ˜±Ò…À˜ ’¸˜œ˚˛± ¸±ø˝√Ó¬… Ê√·Ó¬Ó¬ ’ø1˝√Ì± Œ˚±·±˝◊√ÀÂ√ ’±1n∏ Sê˜±» Ê√Úøõ∂˚˛ ˝√í√¬ıÕ˘ ∆˘ÀÂ√ øÎ¬øÊ√ÀÈ¬˘ ˜±Ò…˜1 ¸±ø˝√Ó¬… Œ¸À˚˛À˝√ ˝◊√-’±À˘±‰¬Úœ1 ¤ﬂ¡ ŒÊ√±ª±1 ŒÓ¬±˘±1 ’øÓ¬Àﬂ¡ ‰¬‰«¬±1 ’Ú… ˜=¸˜”˝√ Ó¬Ô± ¬ıvø·— Ó¬Ô± ˝◊√-Œ˜·±øÊ√Ú¸˜”˝√º ˚íÓ¬ Â√¬Û± õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Ú ∆˝√ ¬Ûø1ÀÂ√º ¤˝◊√ ¸˜”˝√ ¬ÛÏ¬ˇ±1 ¤ﬂ¡ ’ˆ¬…±¸ ·øÏ¬ˇ ŒÓ¬±˘±1 ¬Û≈øÔ1 ¬Ûø1ªÀÓ«¬ ˝◊√KI◊±1ÀÚÈ¬1 Ê√ø1˚˛ÀÓ¬À˝√ Î¬◊¬ÛÀˆ¬±· ﬂ¡ø1¬ı ¬Û±ø1√º õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Ú ∆˝√ ¬Ûø1ÀÂ√º Œ¬ÛÂ√±√±1œ ˜±Úø¸ﬂ¡Ó¬±À1 ¬ıv·±1 Ó¬Ô± ﬂ¡ÀKI◊KI◊ ’Ú… ˆ¬±¯∏±1 Ó≈¬˘Ú±Ó¬ ’¸˜Ó¬ ˝◊√ õ∂±˚˛ ‰¬±˘≈ﬂ¡œ˚˛± ’ª¶ö±ÀÓ¬ ’±ÀÂ√º 1±˝◊√È¬±1 ¸ﬂ¡À˘› ¬ÛÏ¬ˇ≈ÕªÀ˚˛ ø¬ı‰¬1± Ò1ÀÌ À‡±1±ﬂ¡ ø√¬ıÕ˘ Œ‰¬©Ü± ’±øÊ√1 ¬Û1± ‰¬±ø1 ¬ıÂ√1˜±Ú1 ’±·À1 ¬Û1±˝◊√ ¤ﬂ¡ ≈√˝◊√Õﬂ¡ ’¸˜œ˚˛± ﬂ¡1±1 õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Úº ø˚˜±ÀÚ Œ¬ıøÂ√Õﬂ¡ ¤˝◊√¸˜”˝√ ¸‘ø©Ü ˝√í¬ı Ó¬Ô± ¬ÛÏ¬ˇ≈ÕªÀ˚˛ ¬ıv·, ˝◊√-Œ˜·±øÊ√Ú ’±ø√1 Ê√ij ˝√í¬ıÕ˘ ∆˘ÀÂ√º ’Ú… ¬ıUÀﬂ¡˝◊√È¬± ¬ÛøÏ¬ˇ¬ı Œ¸˝◊√ ¸˜”À˝√ &·˘1 ¤˘·íø1øÔ˜ﬂ¡ Œ˚±·±Rﬂ¡ˆ¬±Àª õ∂ˆ¬±øªÓ¬ ˆ¬±1Ó¬œ˚˛ ˆ¬±¯∏±ÀÓ¬ ¬ıvø·—√ ¤ﬂ¡ ’±ﬂ¡¯«∏Ìœ˚˛ Œ¬ÛÂ√±Õ˘ 1+¬Û±ôLø1Ó¬ ∆˝√ÀÂ√º ﬂ¡ø1¬ıº ¤˝◊√ÀÈ¬± ˚ø√› qøÚ¬ıÕ˘ ’¸Ê√±, øﬂ¡c ¸Ó¬… Œ˚ Œ˘‡ﬂ¡ ¤Ê√ÀÚ ø˘ø‡ øﬂ¡Â≈√ ¬Û±ø1|ø˜ﬂ¡ ¬Û±À˘ ˜Ú1 øˆ¬Ó¬1Ó¬ ﬂ¡˘˜ ‰¬˘±˝◊√ Œ˚±ª±1 ¬ıÓ«¬˜±Ú Ó¬Ô… õ∂˚≈øMê√1 ˚≈·Ó¬ ¤˝◊√ ˜±Ò…˜¸˜”˝√1 ˆ”¬ø˜ﬂ¡± Î¬◊»¸±˝√ Ê√±À·º ¬ıvø·— ’±1n∏ ˝◊√-Œ˜·±øÊ√ÀÚ ’Ú… ¬ıUÀÓ¬± ˆ¬±¯∏±Ó¬ Ú≈˝◊√ ﬂ¡1±1 Ò‘©ÜÓ¬± ﬂ¡±À1± Ú±˝◊√º Œ¸˝◊√ ¬ı≈ø˘ ˝◊√˚˛±1 ¬ı…ª˝√±1 ﬂ¡1±1 ¤ﬂ¡ ¬ıUÓ¬Àﬂ¡ Ê√œªÚ-˚±¬ÛÚ1 ’±ø˝√˘± ¸˜”˝√1 Œ˚±·±1 ø√¬ıÕ˘ ¸é¬˜ ¸œ˜± ’±ÀÂ√º ¤˝◊√ ¸œ˜± Œ‰¬1±˝◊√ ·íÀ˘ ’¬Ûﬂ¡±À1± ¸±ÒÚ ˝√í¬ı ¬Û±À1º ∆˝√ÀÂ√º ¤˝◊√ ˜±Ò…˜¸˜”À˝√ ¤ﬂ¡ ’Ô«ÕÚøÓ¬ﬂ¡ øÚ(˚˛Ó¬± õ∂√±Ú ﬂ¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ ¤ÀÚ ’ÀÚﬂ¡ Î¬◊√±˝√1Ì ’±˜±1 ¸˜±Ê√Ó¬ õ∂±À˚˛ Œ√‡± ˚±˚˛º ·øÓ¬Àﬂ¡, ¸é¬˜ ∆˝√ÀÂ√º Œﬂ¡˝◊√‡Ú˜±Ú Ê√Úøõ∂˚˛ ˝◊√-Œ˜·±øÊ√Ú1 ﬂ¡Ô± ﬂ¡í¬ı ¬Û±À1±, ˝◊√KI◊±1ÀÚÈ¬ ’±1n∏ Â√ø‰¬À˚˛˘ ø˜øÎ¬˚˛±1 ¸øÍ¬ﬂ¡, ¸—˚˜œ ’±1n∏ Î¬◊¬Û˚≈Mê√ Œ˚ÀÚ ñ ¬ı…ª˝√±À1 øÚÊ√1 ˘·ÀÓ¬ √˝√Ê√ÚÀ1± Î¬◊¬Ûﬂ¡±1 ¸±øÒ¬ı ¬Û±À1, Œ¸˝◊√ [ﬂ¡] ’±1yøÌ – ’¸˜œ˚˛± ˆ¬±¯∏± ¸±ø˝√Ó¬… ¸‘ø©Ü1 ¤ﬂ¡ ’øˆ¬Úª õ∂˚˛±¸ ﬂ¡Ô± ˜ÚÓ¬ 1±ø‡ ’±·¬ıÏ¬ˇ±ÀÓ¬± ¸±•xøÓ¬ﬂ¡ ¸˜˚˛1 ’±˝3√±Úº×× 153

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○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ õ∂‰¬ø˘Ó¬ Œﬂ¡˝◊√È¬±˜±Ú ¬ÛXøÓ¬ ∆˝√ÀÂ√ ñ ˝◊√ Œ˜√¬ıU˘Ó¬±1 ¸‘ø©Ü ﬂ¡ø1¬ıº ·øÓ¬Àﬂ¡ Œ˜√¬ıU˘Ó¬± øÚ1±˜˚˛1 ¬ı±À¬ı 1] Â√±˘1 ˆ“¬±Ê√Ó¬ ‰¬ø¬ı«1 ¬Ûø1˜±Ì øÚ1+¬ÛÌ1 (Use of skinfold Œﬂ¡˘ø1 ¢∂˝√Ì, Œﬂ¡˘ø1 ¬ı…˚˛ ’±1n∏ ¬Û≈ø©Üﬂ¡1 ^¬ı… ¸˜”˝√1 ˜±Ê√Ó¬ ¸≈¶ö caliper) ¬ı±À¬ı ˚La1 ¬ı…ª˝√±1º ˆ¬±1¸±˜…Ó¬± Ôﬂ¡±ÀÈ¬± øÚÓ¬±ôL˝◊√ õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Úœ˚˛º 2] ˙1œ11 ¬Ûø1øÒ1 ˜±S± ¬Ûø1ªÓ«¬Ú1 ŒÊ√±‡ ˜±‡ (Girth mea- ˙±1œø1ﬂ¡ˆ¬±À¬ı øÚø©ç¡˚˛Ó¬± Œ˜√¬ıU˘Ó¬±1 ¤ﬂ¡ ’Ú…Ó¬˜ surement) Î¬◊»¸º ø¬ı:±Ú1 Î¬◊ißøÓ¬À˚˛ ¤ﬂ¡ø¬ı—˙ ˙øÓ¬ﬂ¡±Ó¬ ’±˜±1 ˚La1 ›¬Û1Ó¬ øÚˆ«¬1˙œ˘Ó¬± ¬ı‘øX ﬂ¡ø1ÀÂ√º ¸˝√Ê√˘ˆ¬… Ê√œªÚ, ’˘¸ Ê√œªÚ, 3] ¬ıÓ«¬˜±Ú ¸˜˚˛Ó¬ ‰¬ø¬ı«1 ¬Ûø1˜±Ì ¬Ûø1˜±¬ÛÚ1 ¬ı±À¬ı ’±Ò≈øÚﬂ¡ ˙±1œø1ﬂ¡ ¬Ûø1|˜1 Ó¬Ô± ˙±1œø1ﬂ¡ ¬ı…±˚˛±˜1 ’Ú≈˙œ˘Ú1 ’ˆ¬±Àª ∆¬ı≈√…øÓ¬ﬂ¡ ¸“Ê≈√ø˘¸˜”˝√ ¬ı…±¬Ûﬂ¡ ˝√±1Ó¬ Œ¬Û±ª± ˚±˚˛º Œ˚ÀÚ – Elec- ˙1œ1Ó¬ Œ˜√ Ê√˜± ˝√í¬ıÕ˘ ¸≈ø¬ıÒ±À˝√ ’±·¬ıÏ¬ˇ±˚˛º ·øÓ¬Àﬂ¡ ¤˝◊√ √œ‚«˜…±√œ Œ1±· ’±1n∏ ˝◊√˚˛±1 ¬Û1± ˝√í¬ı ¬Û1± ’Ú…±Ú… Œ1±·¸˜”˝√1 trical Impedance Myography. ¬Û1± øÚÊ√Àﬂ¡ ’±“Ó¬1Ó¬ 1‡±1 Î¬◊¬Û±˚˛ ø˝√‰¬±À¬Û ∆√øÚﬂ¡ ˙±1œø1ﬂ¡ ¬ı…±˚˛±˜1 &1n∏QÓ¬± Î¬◊¬Û˘øt ﬂ¡1± Î¬◊ø‰¬Ó¬º ˝◊√˚˛±1 Î¬◊¬Ûø1› ¬ı…øMê√1 ˙1œ11 ›Ê√Ú ’±1n∏ Î¬◊2‰¬Ó¬±1 ¸˝√±˚˛Ó¬ Œ˜√¬ıU˘Ó¬±1 ¸•Ûﬂ«¡Ó¬ ¤ﬂ¡ Ô”˘˜”˘ ’±ˆ¬±¸ Œ¬Û±ª± ˚±˚˛º ’ªÀ˙… ‰¬ø¬ı« ˝}√±¸1 ¬ı±À¬ı ˙±1œø1ﬂ¡ ¬ı…±˚˛±˜1 ¡Z±1± ¬øﬂ¡˜±Ú ˝◊√˚˛±ﬂ¡ ˝◊√—1±Ê√œÓ¬ Body Mass Index ¬ı≈ø˘ Œﬂ¡±ª± ˝√˚˛º BMI ˙øMê√ ¬ı± Œﬂ¡˘ø1 ¬ı…˚˛ ﬂ¡ø1¬ı ˘±ø·¬ı Œ¸˝◊√˚˛± ¬ı…øMê√ ¸±À¬ÛÀé¬ ¬Û‘Ôﬂ¡ øÚ1+¬ÛÌ1 ¸”SÀÈ¬± ∆˝√ÀÂ√ ñ ¬¬Û‘Ôﬂ¡ ˚ø√› ·Î¬ˇ ø˝√‰¬±¬ÛÓ¬ õ∂øÓ¬ÀÈ¬± ﬂ¡Â√1Ó¬1 ¬Û±Â√Ó¬ õ∂±˚˛ 300 Œﬂ¡˘ø1 ˙øMê√ ¬ı…˚˛ ﬂ¡1±ÀÈ¬± √1ﬂ¡±1œº ·øÓ¬Àﬂ¡ õ∂ÀÓ¬…ﬂ¡ ø√Ú±˝◊√ õ∂±˚˛ BMI ñ Body Weight (kg) 30 ø˜øÚÈ¬ Œ√Ã1±, ¸±ÀÓ¬±“1±, ‰¬±˝◊√Àﬂ¡˘ ‰¬À˘±ª± ¬ı± 60 ø˜øÚÈ¬ ¸˜˚˛1 ¬ı±À¬ı Œ‡±Ê√ ﬂ¡Ï¬ˇ± ˝◊√Ó¬…±ø√ ˙±1œø1ﬂ¡ ﬂ¡±˚«˝◊√ õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Úœ˚˛ ˙øMê√ Height2 (m)2 ¬ı…˚˛ ﬂ¡1±Ó¬ ¸˝√±˚˛ ’±·¬ıÏ¬ˇ±˚˛º Ó¬≈√¬Ûø1 øÚ˚˛˜œ˚˛± ˙±1œø1ﬂ¡ ¬Ûø1|À˜ ˜±Ú≈˝√1 ˜·Ê≈√1 ‡±√… Œ¸ªÚ øÚ˚˛LaÌ õ∂Ì±˘œ1 ﬂ¡±˚«ﬂ¡˘±¬Û ¶§±ˆ¬±øªﬂ¡ BMI 1 ›¬Û1Ó¬ øˆ¬øM√ ﬂ¡ø1 ø¬ıù´ ¶§±¶ö… ¸—¶ö±˝◊√ 1997 Œ˝√±ª±Ó¬ ’ø1˝√Ì± Œ˚±·±˚˛º ’±1n∏ 2003 ‰¬ÚÓ¬ Œ˜√¬ıU˘Ó¬±1 øÓ¬øÚÈ¬± ô¶11 ﬂ¡Ô± Î¬◊Ú≈øﬂ¡˚˛±˝◊√øÂ√˘º Œ¸˝◊√˚˛± ∆˝√ÀÂ√ ñ Î¬◊¬ÛÀ1±Mê√ Î¬◊»¸¸˜”˝√1 ˘·ÀÓ¬ øﬂ¡Â≈√ øﬂ¡Â≈√ Œé¬SÓ¬ õ∂±Ôø˜ﬂ¡ˆ¬±À¬ı Œ˜√¬ıU˘Ó¬±Ó¬ ¬ı—˙·øÓ¬1 õ∂ˆ¬±Àª› ¬ı…øMê√ ’±Sê±ôL BMI > 35 ¬Û1± 40 ñ> Severe Obesity ñ> Œ˝√±ª±1 Î¬◊√±˝√1Ì ’±ÀÂ√º ˝◊√˚˛±1 Î¬◊¬Ûø1› ·Àª¯∏ﬂ¡ ¸ﬂ¡À˘ õ∂˜±Ì Œ˜√¬ıU˘Ó¬±1 1˜ ô¶1 ﬂ¡ø1ÀÂ√ Œ˚ ’¬Û˚«±5 ŒÈ¬±¬ÛøÚ, ˜±S±øÒﬂ¡ ˜±Úø¸ﬂ¡ ‰¬±¬Û, ›Ê√Ú ¬ı‘øX ﬂ¡1± ﬁ¯∏Ò1 Œ¸ªÚ ˝◊√Ó¬…±ø√ Œ˜√¬ıU˘Ó¬±1 ﬂ¡±1ﬂ¡¸˜”˝√1 ·Gœ1 BMI > 40 1 ¬Û1± 44.9 ñ> Morbid Obesity ’ôLˆ«¬≈Mê√º ¤˝◊√ Œé¬SÓ¬ ˜±Úø¸ﬂ¡ ’˙±øôL ¬ı± ‰¬±¬Û ¸‘ø©Üﬂ¡±1œ ¬ıd ñ > Œ˜√¬ıU˘Ó¬±1 2˚˛ ô¶1 Ó¬Ô± ¬Ûø1Àª˙1 ¬Û1± ¬ı…øMê√À˚˛ øÚÊ√Àﬂ¡ ’±“Ó¬1±˝◊√ 1‡±ÀÈ¬±Àª ’±È¬±˝◊√Ó¬Õﬂ¡ Œ|˚˛º BMI > 45 1 ¬Û1± 50 ñ> Extreme Obesity ñ > Œ˜√¬ıU˘Ó¬±1 3˚˛ ô¶1 ¬ıU ¸˜˚˛Ó¬ ¬ı…øMê√À˚˛ ›Ê√Ú ˝}√±¸ Ó¬Ô± Œ˜√¬ıU˘Ó¬±1 ¬Û1± øÚÊ√Àﬂ¡ ’±“Ó¬1Ó¬ 1±ø‡¬ı1 ¬ı±À¬ı Î¬◊¬Û¬ı±À¸ Ô±Àﬂ¡º øﬂ¡c õ∂ﬂ‘¡Ó¬±Ô«Ó¬ ’ªÀ˙… ¶ö±ÚÀˆ¬À√ ¤˝◊√ ˜±¬Û1 ¬Û±Ô«ﬂ¡…› Œ√ø‡¬ıÕ˘ Œ¬Û±ª± ˝◊√ ¤ﬂ¡ Ê√Ú¸˜±Ê√Ó¬ õ∂‰¬ø˘Ó¬ w±ôL Ò±1Ì±À˝√º Î¬◊¬Û¬ı±¸1 Ù¬˘|n∏øÓ¬Ó¬ ˚±˚˛º Î¬◊√±˝√1Ì¶§1+À¬Û - Ê√±¬Û±ÚÓ¬ BMI>25 ’±1n∏ ‰¬œÚÓ¬ ¬ı…øMê√1 Œ√˝√Ó¬ Œﬂ¡˘íø1 ¢∂˝√Ì ’±1n∏ Œﬂ¡˘íø1 ¬ı…˚˛1 ˜±Ê√Ó¬ BMI>28 ˝√íÀ˘ ¬ı…øMê√Ê√Úﬂ¡ Œ˜√¬ıU˘ ¬ı≈ø˘ Œﬂ¡±ª± ˝√˚˛º ˆ¬±1¸±˜…˝√œÚÓ¬± ¸‘ø©Ü ∆˝√ ˙1œ11 ¬ı±À¬ı ˝√±øÚﬂ¡±1ﬂ¡ ∆˝√ Î¬◊ÀÍ¬º ·øÓ¬Àﬂ¡ Î¬◊¬Û¬ı±¸1 ¬Ûø1ªÀÓ«¬ ¸≈¯∏˜ ’±˝√±1 ¢∂˝√Ì ﬂ¡1±ÀÈ¬±À˝√ ¸˜œø‰¬Úº Œ˜√¬ıU˘Ó¬±1 ¤˝◊√ √œ‚«˜…±√œ Œ1±·ø¬ıÒ1 Î¬◊»¸ ¬ı± ﬂ¡±1Ì¸˜”˝√ Ù¬“ø˝√˚˛±˝◊√ ‰¬±À˘ ¬ıU ﬂ¡±1ÀÌ˝◊√ ‘√ø©ÜÀ·±‰¬1 ˝√˚˛º ¸¬ı«À˙¯∏Ó¬ ﬂ¡í¬ı Œ‡±ÀÊ√± Œ˜√¬ıU˘Ó¬±1 √À1 ¤˝◊√ Ê√øÈ¬˘ ¶§±¶ö… ¸˜¸…±1 ¬Û1± øÚ1±˜˚˛ Œ¬Û±ª±ÀÈ¬± ’¸yª Ú˝√˚˛º õ∂ÀÓ¬…ﬂ¡ ¤Ê√Ú ¬ı…øMê√1 ˚ø√À˝√ ∆√øÚﬂ¡ ∆√ø˝√ﬂ¡ ˙øMê√ ¬ı…˚˛Ó¬Õﬂ¡ ‡±√… ¬ı…øMê√1 Œ√˝√1 ·Í¬Ú ˘·ÀÓ¬ ﬂ¡±˜ ﬂ¡±Ê√1 Ò1Ì ¬ÛXøÓ¬ ¬ı± ¸˜˚˛¸œ˜±1 Œ¸ªÚ1 ˜±S± ’øÒﬂ¡ ˝√˚˛, ŒÓ¬øÓ¬˚˛± ’øÓ¬ø1Mê√ Œﬂ¡˘ø1 [‡±√…1 ˜±Ê√Ó¬ Œﬂ¡±ÀÚ± Ò1Ì1 ¸±˜?¸…Ó¬± Ú±˝◊√º Œ¸À˚˛À˝√ ¬ı…øMê√ ¸±À¬ÛÀé¬ ¬Û1± ¸—·‘˝√œÓ¬ ˙øMê√ ¬Ûø1˜±¬ÛÚ1 ¤ﬂ¡ﬂ¡] ‰¬ø¬ı« ø˝√‰¬±À¬Û ˙1œ1Ó¬ Î¬◊¬ÛÀ˚±·œ Œ˝√±ª±Õﬂ¡ õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Úœ˚˛ ‡±√…±ˆ¬±¸ ·Ï¬ˇ ø√ ˙±1œø1ﬂ¡ ¸ø=Ó¬ ˝√˚˛º ¬Ûø1|˜, øÚ˚˛˜œ˚˛±Õﬂ¡ ˙±1œø1ﬂ¡ ¬ı…±˚˛±˜1 ’Ú≈˙œ˘Ú ’±1n∏ ¤È¬± ¸≈¶ö, ¶§±¶ö…ﬂ¡1 Ê√œªÚ Ò±1Ì õ∂Ì±˘œ ·Ï¬ˇ ø√ ˜±Ú≈À˝√ Œ˜√¬ıU˘Ó¬±Àﬂ¡ ’±˝√±11 ·Í¬ÀÚ› ’øÓ¬ø1Mê√ Œﬂ¡˘ø1 ‰¬ø¬ı«Õ˘ 1+¬Û±ôLø1Ó¬ õ∂˜≈‡… ﬂ¡ø1 ˝◊√˚˛±1 ¡Z±1± ˝√í¬ı ¬Û1± ’±Ú ¬ıUÀÓ¬± √œ‚«˜±√œ Œ1±· ﬂ¡1± ﬂ¡±˚«√é¬Ó¬±ﬂ¡ õ∂ˆ¬±øªÓ¬ ﬂ¡À1º ’Ó¬…øÒﬂ¡ ˙ﬂ«¡1±˚≈Mê√ ’±˝√±1 ¸˜”˝√1 ¬Û1± øÚÊ√Àﬂ¡ ’±“Ó¬1±˝◊√ 1‡±ÀÈ¬± ¸yª Ó¬Ô± Î¬◊ø‰¬Ó¬º×× ’±1n∏ ‰¬ø¬ı«˚≈Mê√ ’±˝√±1 Œ¸ªÚ ﬂ¡ø1À˘› ’±˜±1 Œ√˝√Ó¬ ¸˝√ÀÊ√˝◊√ ’øÓ¬ø1Mê√ ‰¬ø¬ı« ¸ø=Ó¬ ˝√˚˛º ¬ıÓ«¬˜±Ú1 ˚±øLaﬂ¡Ó¬±1 ˚≈·Ó¬ Fast food 1 õ∂øÓ¬ Ò±Î¬◊øÓ¬ ø√Úﬂ¡ ø√ÀÚ ¬ı‘øX ¬Û±˝◊√ÀÂ√º Œﬂ¡˘ø11 ‚ÚQ ñ ’øÒﬂ¡ Ôﬂ¡± ¤ÀÚ ‡±√… Œ¸ªÀÚ øÚ–¸ÀµÀ˝√ ’øÓ¬ø1Mê√ ‰¬ø¬ı« Ê√˜± Œ˝√±ª±Ó¬ Î¬◊√·øÌ Œ˚±·±˚˛º Î¬◊√±˝√1Ì¶§1+À¬Û - ¤È¬± ø‰¬Ê√ ¬ı±·«±1Ó¬ 30 ¢∂±˜Ó¬Õﬂ¡› ’øÒﬂ¡ ‰¬ø¬ı« Ô±Àﬂ¡º ¤Ê√Ú ¬ı…øMê√1 ¬ı± ø˙q1 ˙1œ11 ¸≈¶ö ø¬ıﬂ¡±˙1 ¬ı±À¬ı ﬂ¡±¬ı«˝√±˝◊√ÀEÎ¬, õ∂íøÈ¬Ú, ‰¬ø¬ı«, øˆ¬È¬±ø˜Ú, ‡øÚÊ√ ˘ªÌ ’±1n∏ ¬Û±Úœ øÚø«√©Ü ¬Ûø1˜±ÌÓ¬ Ôﬂ¡±ÀÈ¬± ’øÓ¬ ’±ª˙…ﬂ¡º Œ¸À˚˛À˝√ ‰¬ø¬ı«1 ˜±S± ’øÒﬂ¡ Ôﬂ¡± ‡±√… ^¬ı…1 Œ¸ªÀÚ ¶§±ˆ¬±øªﬂ¡ÀÓ¬ 155

○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ø¬ı√…±˘˚˛Ó¬ ˙±1œø1ﬂ¡ ø˙é¬± ’±1n∏ 1n∏øÈ¬ÚÓ¬ ˝√◊˚˛±1 ’ôLˆ”¬«øMê1 õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Úœ˚˛Ó¬± ˆ¬œ˜¬ı1 ¬Û±øÓ¬ø1 ø¬ı.¤Î¬. õ∂Ô˜ ¯∏±∞√¨±ø¸ﬂ¡ ’±Ò≈øÚﬂ¡ ø˙é¬± ¬ı…ª¶ö±Ó¬ ˙±1œø1ﬂ¡ ø˙é¬± ¤ﬂ¡ ’¬Ûø1˝√±˚«… ø¬ı¯∏˚˛ ø˝√‰¬±À¬Û ¬Ûø1·øÌÓ¬ ∆˝√ÀÂ√º ˙±1œø1ﬂ¡ ø˙é¬± ∆˝√ÀÂ√ ¤ÀÚ ¤ﬂ¡ ø˙é¬± ø˚ ’Ò…˚˛Ú ’±1n∏ ’Ú≈˙œ˘Ú1 ¡Z±1± ø˙q1 Œ√˝√ ’±1n∏ ˜Ú1 ø¬ıﬂ¡±˙ ‚È¬±˚˛º ˙1œ1 ø˙é¬±1 ¸•§Àg ’±Ò≈øÚﬂ¡ ø˙é¬±ø¬ı√ ¸ﬂ¡À˘ ø¬ıøˆ¬iß ˜Ó¬ Œ¬Û±¯∏Ì ﬂ¡ø1ÀÂ√º ø˙é¬±ø¬ı√ ¸ﬂ¡˘1 ˜ÀÓ¬ - ìø˙q1 ¸¬ı«±—·œÚ ø¬ıﬂ¡±˙Ó¬ ˙±1œø1ﬂ¡ ø˙é¬±˝√◊ ˜≈‡… ˆ”¬ø˜ﬂ¡± ¢∂˝√Ì ﬂ¡À1º ¸¬ı«±—·œÚ ø¬ıﬂ¡±˙ ¬ı≈ø˘À˘ ˙±1œø1ﬂ¡ ¸≈¶öÓ¬±, ˜±Úø¸ﬂ¡ ¬ı≈øX˜M√±, Œ¬ıÃøXﬂ¡ Ó¬œéÆ¬Ó¬±, ’±À¬ıø·ﬂ¡ ø¬ıﬂ¡±˙ ’±1n∏ ¸±˜±øÊ√ﬂ¡ ø¬ıﬂ¡±˙ ’±ø√ﬂ¡ ¸±˜ø1 Œ˘±ª± ˝√˚˛î ñ ’øÓ¬ ¬Û≈1øÌ ﬂ¡±˘1 ¬Û1± ˙±1œø1ﬂ¡ ø˙é¬±1 ‰¬‰¬«± ‰¬ø˘ ’±ø˝√ÀÂ√º ¬ıÓ¬«˜±Ú ¸˜˚˛Ó¬ ¤˝◊√ ø˙é¬±1 ‰¬‰¬«± ’øÓ¬ õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Úœ˚˛ ∆˝√ ¬Ûø1ÀÂ√º ˙±1œø1ﬂ¡ ø˙é¬± ¬ı≈ø˘À˘ ø˚ Œﬂ¡±ÀÚ± ˙±1œø1ﬂ¡ ﬂ¡±˚«ﬂ¡˘±¬Û ’±1n∏ ¤˝√◊ ﬂ¡±˚«ﬂ¡˘±¬ÛÓ¬ ’—˙¢∂˝√Ì1 Œ˚±À·ø√ ˘±ˆ¬ ﬂ¡1± ¬ı…øMê1 ¬Û”Ì« ø¬ıﬂ¡±˙Àﬂ¡ ¬ı≈Ê√±˚˛º ˝√◊˚˛±1 ¬ı±À¬ı õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Ú ˝√˚˛ Ú±Ú±ø¬ıÒ Œ˜Ãø˘ﬂ¡ ˙±1œø1ﬂ¡ ﬂ¡±˚«ﬂ¡˘±¬Û1 øÚ˚˛˜œ˚˛± ’Ú≈˙œ˘Úº ˜±Úª ˙1œÀ1 Ê√ij¸”ÀS õ∂±ﬂ¡‘øÓ¬ﬂ¡ ˆ¬±À¬ı ﬂ¡1± Œ˜Ãø˘ﬂ¡ ﬂ¡±˚«ﬂ¡˘±¬ÛÀ¬ı±1 ˝√í˘ ¬ı·±˝√◊ Œ˚±ª±, Œ‡±Ê√ ﬂ¡Ï¬ˇ±, Œ√Ã1±, Ê√ø¬Û›ª±, √ø˘›ª± ’±ø√º ˜±Ú≈˝√1 ¤ÀÚ Œ˜Ãø˘ﬂ¡ ˙±1œø1ﬂ¡ ﬂ¡±˚«ﬂ¡˘±¬ÛÀ¬ı±1 Î◊¬ißøÓ¬ ’±1n∏ ¸øÍ¬ﬂ¡ õ∂À˚˛±·1 ¬ı±À¬ı ø¬ı:±Ú¸ijÓ¬ ˆ¬±À¬ı ø˙é¬± ø√˚˛± ˝√˚˛º ˙±1œø1ﬂ¡ ø˙é¬±1 ¤ÀÚ ’—·À¬ı±1 ˝√í˘ ø¬ıøˆ¬iß SêœÎ¬ˇ± Œ˚ÀÚ - Ù≈¬È¬¬ı˘, ˆ¬˘œ¬ı˘, ﬂ¡±¬ı±Î¬œ, Œ‡±-Œ‡±, øSêÀﬂ¡È¬, Œ˚±·±¸Ú, õ∂±Ì±˚˛˜ ’±¸Ú ’±ø√º ˙±1œø1ﬂ¡ ø˙é¬±1 Î◊¬ÀV˙… ∆˝√ÀÂ√- ˙±1œø1ﬂ¡ ø˙é¬±1 ˜±ÀÊ√ø√ ¬ı…øMêÀ˚˛ ¸≈-¶§±¶ö… ˘±ˆ¬ ﬂ¡1±1 ˘·ÀÓ¬ ¸≈’ˆ¬…±¸ ·Í¬Ú ﬂ¡ø1¬ı ¬Û±À1º ˝√◊˚˛±1 ›¬Ûø1 ˙±1œø1ﬂ¡ ¬ÛÈ≈¬Ó¬± ’±1n∏ ¶ß±˚˛≈ ˜±—¸À¬Û˙œ1 ¸˜i§˚˛ ¸±ÒÚ ﬂ¡1±1 ˘·ÀÓ¬ ˜±Úª ˙1œ1 ¸•ÛÀﬂ¡« :±Ú ’±1n∏ √é¬Ó¬± ’Ê√«Ú ﬂ¡ø1¬ı ¬Û±À1º ˙±1œø1ﬂ¡ ø˙é¬±˝√◊ ø¬ı√…±˘˚˛Ó¬ ø¬ıÀ˙¯∏ ·Í¬Ú±Rﬂ¡ ˆ”¬ø˜ﬂ¡± ¬Û±˘Ú ﬂ¡À1º ˝√◊˚˛±1 ¡Z±1± øÚ1+ø¬ÛÓ¬ ø√˙À¬ı±1 ˝√í˘ – ø˙é¬±Ô«œ1 ˙±1œø1ﬂ¡ ¸Ê√±·Ó¬± ’±ÀÚ, Œ¬ı˜±1 ’±Ê√±11 ¬Û1± ˝√±Ó¬ ¸1±1 Î◊¬¬Û±˚˛ ’±1n∏ Œﬂ¡Ã˙˘ õ∂√±Ú ﬂ¡À1º ø˙é¬±1 Œé¬SÓ¬ ˘í¬ı ˘·± ¸À‰¬Ó¬ÚÓ¬± õ∂√±Ú ﬂ¡À1º ˙1œ1ﬂ¡ ﬂ¡˜«é¬˜ ﬂ¡ø1 ˜Ú õ∂Ù≈¬ø~Ó¬ ﬂ¡À1º ø¬ı√…±˘˚˛ ’±1n∏ ¸˜±Ê√1 √±ø˚˛QÀ¬ı±Ò ø˙é¬±Ô«œ ’±1n∏ ’Ú… Œ˘±ﬂ¡1 ˜±Ê√Ó¬ Ê√±¢∂Ó¬ ﬂ¡À1º Ê√œªÚ Ò±1Ì õ∂Ì±˘œ1 ø¬ı¯∏À˚˛ ¸Ê√±·Ó¬± ’Ú±º ¬Ûø1˚˛±˘1 Ò±1Ì±1 Œé¬SÓ¬ ø¬ıÀ˙¯∏ ¸Ê√±·Ó¬± ’Ú±º ¸±˜±øÊ√ﬂ¡ ˜”˘…À¬ı±Ò ’±1n∏ ¬ı…øMê1 ˜”˘…À¬ı±Ò1 Î◊¬M√1Ì ‚ÀÈ¬±ª±º ¬Ûø1À¬ı˙ ¸—1é¬Ì1 Ò±1Ì± Ê√±¢∂Ó¬ ﬂ¡1±, ¸≈-¶§±¶ö…1 ’øÒﬂ¡±1œ ∆˝√ ˚±ÀÓ¬ ¸≈Ú±·ø1ﬂ¡ ˝í√¬ı ¬Û±À1 Ó¬±1 ¬ı…ª¶ö± ﬂ¡À1±ª±º ¶§±¶ö… ¸À‰¬Ó¬ÚÓ¬±1 ¡Z±1± Œ˚ ¸±˜±øÊ√ﬂ¡ Î◊¬iß˚˛Ì1 ﬂ¡±˜ ﬂ¡ø1¬ı ¬Û±ø1 Ó¬±1 Ò±1Ì± ø√˚˛±º ø¬ı√…±˘˚˛1 ¸ﬂ¡À˘±À1 ˜±Ê√Ó¬ ø˜˘±õ∂œøÓ¬ ’±1n∏ ¤ﬂ¡Ó¬±1 ˆ¬±ª ¬ı‘øX ﬂ¡1±1 &1n∏Q õ∂√±Úº ˙±1œø1ﬂ¡ ø˙é¬±˝√◊ Ê√œªÚ1 ˜”˘…À¬ı±Ò ’±1n∏ ˜±Ú√G Î◊¬ißÓ¬ ﬂ¡À1º ø˙é¬ﬂ¡- 156

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○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ’¸˜1 ﬂ≈¡È¬œ1 ø˙ä¸˜”˝√1 øˆ¬Ó¬1Ó¬ ¤ﬂ¡ Î¬◊À~‡À˚±·… ø˙ä ∆˝√ÀÂ√ Ó“¬±Ó¬˙±˘ Ó“¬±Ó¬˙±˘º ˜±Àﬂ“¡±1 ø‡Èƒ¬-ø‡È¬Úœ1 ˙s qÚ±1 ˘À· ˘À· Ó“¬±Ó¬˙±˘Õ˘ ˜ÚÓ¬ ﬂ¡ø¬ıÓ¬± √±¸ ¬ÛÀ1º ’¸˜œ˚˛± ¸—¶‘®øÓ¬ Ó¬Ô± ¸±˜±øÊ√ﬂ¡ Ê√œªÚ1 ˘·Ó¬ Ê√øÎ¬ˇÓ¬ ∆˝√ ’±ÀÂ√ øÎ¬.¤˘.¤Î¬. Ó‘¬Ó¬œ˚˛ ¯∏±∞√¨±ø¸ﬂ¡ ¤˝◊√ ø˙äº ’¸˜1 Ê√œ˚˛1œ-Œ¬ı±ª±1œÀ˚˛ Ó“¬±Ó¬˙±˘Ó¬ ﬂ¡±À¬Û±1 ¬ı¬ı ’±1n∏ Ù≈¬˘ Ó≈¬ø˘¬ı Ê√±ÀÚº ’¸˜1 ¸±—¶‘®øÓ¬ﬂ¡ Ê√·Ó¬‡ÚÓ¬ ø¬ıÀ˙¯∏Õﬂ¡ ·±À˜±‰¬±, Œ‰¬À˘— ‰¬±√1, ˜≈·± ﬂ¡±À¬Û±1, ¬Û±È¬1 ﬂ¡±À¬Û±1 ’±ø√ ¬ı…ª˝√±1 ﬂ¡1± ˝√˚˛º ¤˝◊√ ¸ﬂ¡À˘±À¬ı±1 ’¸˜œ˚˛± Ú±1œÀ˚˛ øÚÊ√1 ‚1ÀÓ¬ øÚÊ√ ˝√±ÀÓ¬À1 Ó“¬±Ó¬˙±˘Ó¬ ¬ı˚˛º Ó“¬±Ó¬˙±˘Ó¬ ø¬ıøˆ¬iß ¸±-¸“Ê≈√ø˘1 õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Úº Ó“¬±Ó¬˙±˘‡Ú1 ¸±- ¸“Ê≈√ø˘À¬ı±1 ¬ı“±˝√ ’±1n∏ ﬂ¡±ÀÍ¬À1 øÚ˜«±Ì ﬂ¡1± ˝√˚˛º øﬂ¡Â≈√˜±Ú ¸“Ê≈√ø˘ ¬ı“±À˝√À1 øÚ˜«±Ì ﬂ¡ø1¬ı ŒÚ±ª±ø1º Œ¸˝◊√À¬ı±1 ﬂ¡±ÀÍ¬À1 øÚ˜«±Ì ﬂ¡1± ˝√˚˛º Œ˚ÀÚ - ŒÓ¬±À˘±Í¬±, ˜±Àﬂ“¡±º Ó“¬±Ó¬˙±˘Ó¬ ¬ı…ª˝√±1 ﬂ¡1± ’Ú…±Ú… ¸±-¸“Ê≈√ø˘À¬ı±1 ˝√í˘ - ‰¬±ø1È¬± ¬ı“±˝√1 ‡“≈È¬±, ˝◊√˚˛±ﬂ¡ ¬ıÓ«¬˜±Ú ﬂ¡±ÀÍ¬À1› øÚ˜«±Ì ﬂ¡1± Œ√‡± ∆·ÀÂ√º ≈√È¬± ø¬ıSê˜ ‡≈“È¬±, ≈√È¬± ŒÓ¬±À˘±Í¬±, 1“±‰¬, Ê√‡˘±˜±ø1, ‰¬±ø˘˜±ø1, Ú±‰¬Úœ, ˜“±Àﬂ¡±, Ú±‰¬ÚœÊ√ø1, 158

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ø√ÚÓ¬Õﬂ¡ 1— ø¬ı1„√1 ¸”Ó¬±, Ù≈¬˘1 ‰¬±ÀÚøﬂ¡ ’±ø√ ∆Ó¬˚˛±11 ¬ı…ª˝√±1 ﬂ¡1± ·±À˜±Â√±‡Úﬂ¡ øÓ¬˚˛øÚ ¬ı≈ø˘ Œﬂ¡±ª± ˝√˚˛º ˝◊√˚˛±ﬂ¡ ¸1n∏ ˘·ÀÓ¬ ˜±øÈ¬˙±˘1 Î¬◊¬Ûø1› ﬂ¡˘Ó“¬±Ó¬ ¬ı± Ó“¬±Ó¬œ˙±˘1 õ∂ˆ¬±ª ˜±Ê≈√ ¸”Ó¬±À1 ’Ô«±» ﬂ¡¬Û±˝√œ ¸”Ó¬±À1 ∆Ó¬˚˛±1 ﬂ¡1± ˝√˚˛º ·±À˜±Â√±1 Œ√ø‡¬ıÕ˘ Œ¬Û±ª± ∆·ÀÂ√º Ó“¬±Ó¬œ˙±˘Ó¬ ˜“±Àﬂ¡± ˝√±ÀÓ¬À1 ˜1± Ú˝√˚˛ Î¬◊¬Ûø1› Œ˜À‡˘± ‰¬±√1, Œ‰¬À˘— ‰¬±√1, Â√˚˛ ﬂ¡Í¬œ˚˛± [6 ﬂ¡±øÍ¬] ¬ı±À¬ı˝◊√ Œ¬ı±ªÚ ﬂ¡±˚« Œ¸±Úﬂ¡±À˘ ∆˝√ Î¬◊ÀÍ¬º ’¸˜1 Ú±˜øÚ ﬂ¡±À¬Û±1, È¬„√±ø˘, ø1˝√±, 1n∏˜±˘ ’±ø√ Ó“¬±Ó¬˙±˘Ó¬ ø˙ø¬ÛÚœ¸ﬂ¡À˘ ’=˘À¬ı±1Ó¬ õ∂±˚˛ ¤˝◊√ ˙±˘ Œ√‡± ˚±˚˛º ø˙ø¬ÛÚœ¸ﬂ¡À˘ øÚÊ√1 ’±È¬ﬂ¡ Ò≈Úœ˚˛±Õﬂ¡ õ∂dÓ¬ ﬂ¡À1º ¬ı≈øXÀ1 Œﬂ¡±Ú ¸˜˚˛Ó¬ Œﬂ¡ÀÚÕﬂ¡ ﬂ¡±À¬Û±1Ó¬ Ù≈¬˘ Ó≈¬ø˘¬ı ¬Û±ø1 Œ¸˝◊√ÀÈ¬± ø‰¬ôL± ﬂ¡ø1 ¸”Ó¬±Ó¬ Ù≈¬˘ Ó≈¬ø˘ ˘˚˛º ’¸˜1 ¢∂±˜… ’=˘1 ‚1Ó¬ Ó“¬±Ó¬˙±˘Ó¬ ’¸˜œ˚˛± ø˙ø¬ÛÚœÀ˚˛ ¬ı±À1 ¬ı1Ìœ˚˛± ¸À¬Û±Ú Ó“¬±Ó¬˙±˘1 õ∂ˆ¬±ª Œ√ø‡¬ıÕ˘ Œ¬Û±ª± ˚±˚˛º ¬ı±øÌøÊ√…ﬂ¡ˆ¬±Àª ¬ı¶a 1À‰¬º ¸À¬Û±ÚÀ¬ı±1 ﬂ¡±À¬Û±1Ó¬ Ù≈¬˘1 ’±ﬂ¡±À1À1 õ∂ﬂ¡±˙ ﬂ¡À1º Î¬◊»¬Û±√Ú ﬂ¡1± qª±˘ﬂ≈¡ø‰¬1 ¤ﬂ¡±—˙ Ó“¬±Ó¬˙±˘À˝√ ˚La‰¬±ø˘Ó¬, ﬂ¡±À¬Û±1À¬ı±1Ó¬ Ò≈Úœ˚˛± Ò≈Úœ˚˛± ¬ı≈È¬±¬ı‰¬± Ù≈¬˘, Î¬±„√1 Ù≈¬˘, ¸1n∏ Ù≈¬˘ ¬ı±ﬂ¡œÀ¬ı±1 ˝√ô¶Ó“¬±Ó¬º ¬ıÓ«¬˜±Ú õ∂±˚˛ 2.80 ˘±‡ Ó“¬±Ó¬˙±˘À˝√ ¬ı±À‰¬º ø¬ıUª±Ú‡ÚÓ¬ ≈√È¬± ﬂ¡±¯∏ø1 ø√ Î¬±„√1 Ù≈¬˘ Ó≈¬ø˘ ’±Àﬂ¡Ã ˜±Ê√Ó¬ ﬂ¡±À¬Û±11 ¬ı±øÌøÊ√…ﬂ¡ Î¬◊»¬Û±√Ú1 ˘·Ó¬ Ê√øÎ¬ˇÓ¬ ∆˝√ ’±ÀÂ√º ’±Ú˝√±ÀÓ¬ ¬ı≈È¬± ¬ı±À‰¬º ø˚˜±Ú ¬Û±À1 ˜ÀÚ±À˜±˝√±Õﬂ¡ õ∂dÓ¬ ﬂ¡À1º Ê√±øÓ¬1 ø¬ÛÓ¬± õ∂±˚˛ 5.70 ˘±‡ Ó“¬±Ó¬˙±˘ ’Ò«-¬ı±øÌøÊ√…ﬂ¡ 1+À¬Û øÚÀ˚˛±øÊ√Ó¬º ˜˝√±R± ·±gœÀ˚˛ ’¸˜ w˜ÌÕ˘ ’±ø˝√ ’¸˜œ˚˛± ø˙ø¬ÛÚœ1 ¬ı±ﬂ¡œÀ¬ı±1 ‚1n∏ª± ‰¬±ø˝√√± ¬Û”1Ì ﬂ¡ø1¬ı1 ¬ı±À¬ıÀ˝√ Ó“¬±Ó¬˙±˘ ¬ı…ª˝√±1 Ó“¬±Ó¬˙±˘1 øÚ¬Û≈Ì ˝√±Ó¬1 Ù≈¬˘ Ó≈¬˘± Œ√ø‡ ’±‰¬ø1Ó¬ ∆˝√ ∆ﬂ¡øÂ√˘- ﬂ¡1± ˝√˚˛º ì’¸˜1 ø˙ø¬ÛÚœÀ˚˛ Ó“¬±Ó¬˙±˘Ó¬ ¸À¬Û±Ú 1À‰¬ºî ’¸˜œ˚˛± Ê√œ˚˛1œ- Œ¬ı±ª±1œÀ˚˛ øÚÊ√˝√±ÀÓ¬ Ó“¬±Ó¬˙±˘‡ÚÓ¬ Œ¬ı±ª± ø¬ıUª±Ú‡Úﬂ¡ ∆˘ Ó“¬±Ó¬˙±˘Ó¬ ¬ıø˝√ ’¸˜œ˚˛± Ê√œ˚˛±1œ-Œ¬ı±ª±1œÀ˚˛ ˜1˜1 ø˚ÀÈ¬± ’±Úµ ’Ú≈ˆ¬ª ﬂ¡À1 , Ó¬±ﬂ¡ ˆ¬±¯∏±À1 ¬ı≈Ê√±¬ı ŒÚ±ª±ø1º øÚÊ√ √œ‚-¬ı±øÌÀ1 Œ¬ı±ª± Œ˝√“¬Û±˝√1 ¬ı¶aÀ¬ı±1 ’øÓ¬Õﬂ¡ ¸≈ﬂ¡œ˚˛±º ø˚˜±ÀÚ˝◊√ ˝√±ÀÓ¬À1 Œ¬ı±ª± ﬂ¡±À¬Û±11 ¤ﬂ¡ ¸≈ﬂ¡œ˚˛± ’±Úµ ’Ú≈ˆ¬ª ˝√˚˛º ’¸˜1 ¬ıø˝√1± ¸±˜¢∂œ õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Ú1 ﬂ¡±1ÀÌ ¬ı…ª˝√±1 Úﬂ¡1ﬂ¡ øﬂ¡˚˛, øÚÊ√1 Ú±˜øÚ ’=˘À¬ı±1Ó¬ ﬂ¡±À¬Û±1 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○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ SCHOOL BUILDING & SPACE IS A LEARNING AID Ajoy Bhattacharjee Lecturer Introduction It has been often said that all life is art. The wisest philosophers have believed that the whole of life, including mathematics, government, and science, is like music, painting, and the dance. Einstein was once asked a difficult question unrelated to music and replied that he could not give the answer in words but could play it on the violin. It is impossible to define art with any accuracy but it is essentially man’s work.Aesthetics is contemplation of that work.Art is concerned with the creation of beauty, aesthetics with its discovery and appreciation. No civilization has been considered great unless it has been rich in the creation arts. The art reflect the culture. In music, painting, and literature are to be found the people’s hopes and fears, the yearning and striving of the spirit. All arts, because of the emotional quality inherent in them, have the power of developing not only aesthetic but ethical value’s as well. Through art, children grow in sensitive feeling and in awareness of the beauty around them. They grow too in dreams as their imaginations expands. Our goal in education is not primarily the development of a few great geniuses but rather the encouragement of creativity for the many. Some children will find greater joy and success in one of the creative arts than in another, and therefore the school provides a variety of art experiences through integrating with different different subject or may be school building and it’s space is a learning aid. 1) How is school building & space is a Learning Aid at elementary level? School is not merely a structure, or a building. Neither is it only an assembly of children and teachers. It is a specialised, indeed, a very special, 160

○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ place for children to learn and grow. It is a place that * Problem areas in teaching and learning as shapes their thoughts, one where they can see identified by teachers. knowledge come alive. It makes them wonder and be creative. It propel them to raise Questions and explore * Issues of repair, environment enhancement answers, identify problems and attempt solution. School and construction of school building components. enables children to interact with their environment, and give direction to their future. * Children’s socio-economic - cultural - educational background at home. Clearly, the responsibility on school is enormous. That is why it is important that school has And many ideas came from sheer inspiration an environment where teaching and learning are not and creativity of the various individuals working on the reduced to a ritual but become a joyous experience, project. for both teachers and children. The physical built 3)Design ideas for built elements in school environment, which includes not only the building and This is present a smattering of design ideas to its interior spaces, but also the exterior spaces and demonstrate as to how they address the child and the landscape could play a crucial role in making that teacher and also how the built environment can be used experience move meaningful. in a holistic manner. Children’s aspirations from school spaces . Since the building is one of the most expensive physical asset that a school may have, it is important to Isn’t it strange that we plan and make schools design it carefully and sensitively.Apart from providing for children without ever talking their opinion or a comfortable shelter, it must offer an additional learning aspiration into account? We continue to percieve their value to its inhabitants. This is possible if we understand requirements from our own adult perspective. It is how the use of space and its constituent elements, important to know what children as the end users of a including lighting and ventilation, can support diverse school building , want in their learning environment.All learning activities apart from conventional teaching. It that needs to be done is to make them aware of their is important to pay attention to the interface between school spaces along with their physical attribute. Soon, the design of the building and teaching - learning they will communicate their feelings verbally, visually programme. or through the written word. Evolution and development of design ideas for Fan colour wheel school A fan colour wheel allows children to What is a design idea? experience the mystery and heighten their understanding It has a representative inventory of designed of colour. Teachers and children can make paper colour teaching - learning aids, which can be incorporated in discs and glue them on the rotary disc of the ceiling fan. the built environment of the elementary school. These The size of the colour disc be 20 and 25cm in diameter, have been termed as design ideas. When included in depending on the size of the fan disc. The only condition building, this ideas are expected to help children is that the fans must work! experience the joy of learning and understand concepts Revolving around the pole that they encounter in their school books and also in life. (And understanding a cyclic phenomenon!) How were the design ideas developed? Children love to go around a round column or An in depth understanding of the following led pole. This activity can be linked to the cyclic to the origin and development of the design ideas. phenomenon around us. Phase of the moon on * Natural behaviour patterns of children in the germination of seeds, for example planetary motion or built environment. lunar cycles represent the concept of spiral time, which *Aspiration of children about the place they is ,often very difficult for little children to picture . But want to learn in. its visual depiction on a continuous, curvilinear surface * The need for facilitating all-round growth and of a column can make it easier for them to visualise and development of each child as well as the specific needs understand the abstract concept. of children at different development stages. 4) Peeping * Issues of inclusive education for differently able children. (and hiding behind a mystery wall) The world arounds a little peeping toms. Peeping comes naturally to children. So, a mystery wall in the school corridor that offers opportunities of peeping and hiding is just the thing for them. Children, 161

○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ of course, will love to disappear and watch others from physical , social, emotional and intellectual aspects of behind, or play hide and seek, I spy and such like children’s development , depending on their age group. games. But it can also be used for storage with shelves Simple intervention are needed to do so. The of different types, sizes and levels along the corridor precondition is to be aware of these aspects and , then, for crafts and science activities. think of ways to address them. 5) Natural behaviour of children in school space. 6) Physical development of a child Children are great mentors and discoverers of Accessibility of built provision and learning spaces. What do children do with the spaces that they have or discover in school? Well, they run, play , jump, material talk themselves, hide and do a score of other things The height, weight, and other anthropometric that can be termed as natural behaviour. But, often school spaces are not sensitive to these behaviours. dimensions of children increase with age. Thus , the Careful observation and understanding of children’s furniture and various built elements that children interact behaviour in school spaces have yielded a numbers of with in school must be comfortable accessible and ideas. But first, a few observed behaviours in an actual responsive to this change. This is also time for the school. location of hardware fixtures on doors, windows, wardrobes, rails , shelves and chalkboards etc. fixtures Based on the patterns of their occurrence, ideas such as bolts and hinges should be identify for their can be located in pockets that are likely to generate safely and usability by a child , apart from ensuring those behaviour. The example on the next page absence of sharp edges or splinters on welded parts. demonstrate how Idea connect with children’s natural They should be designed to send out this message to behaviour. children, Running - Revolving around the pole - Jumping “I can handle my environment independently” on floor - Playing stapu - Creative expression - Peeping /Hide and Seek - Collecting natural materials - Conclusion Scribbling on wall floor Sitting alone - Pretent play - As said earlier that the school is not merely a Playing Marbles /Tops - Climbing /Jumping /Swinging - Large group games Kabaddi, Cock fight etc - Sitting building structure and physical space alone . It is about in group - Structured class - Space preferred and us and environment that full of learning accessibilites that by children - Space not preferred by children. need to be conceived in holistic manner and delivered in a way that the best suited for its consumers . Since Moving furniture building are the most expensive assets of a school , (and finding its weight in the bargain!) effort should be made to derive maximum educational Children enjoy pottering about with furniture value from them in schools. They pust it, pull it or even lift heavy articles It may be an effort to enable children to have in their enthusiasm. But they are often , poor in estimating real and concrete experience of measurement, angels, the weight of a table on it and other objects. Why not time and mapping etc. It can make environment sensitive paint the weight of a table on it.And other objects that to their physical , emotional, intellectual and social needs they are likely to move around ?? This will help them to for better learning. It does not attempt to illustrate a develop a sense of how much is 8kg or 20 kg. model school. It appreciate the diversity of culture, geo- Addressing child development in school space climatic conditions and needs an addresses them differently in different School according to needs. It is important to know if the learning environment of a school adequately addresses the Reference 1)Courtesy to Elementary school teaching practices, Ruby H.Warner, University of Miami(1962) 2)Building as earning aids- Kabir Vajpai (2005) 162

○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ In Nature’s Lap Pollobi Kalita Lecturer Surrounded by tea gardens and rows of eucalyptus trees on a solo nature walk this morning-I felt entirely reconnected- to myself, and to the environment around me. I think we’ve all experienced how good it feels to be in nature, whether it’s the view of the sunrise or the sunset or a walk through the greenery. It is believed that the closer we are to nature, the healthier we will be.And watching the sunrise and sunset, I realized how rarely I (and we) use our eyes to focus at a distance. We spend so much time looking at things close up (whether it’s our phone, laptop screen or another human in front of us) and live in cities or towns that block our views to the very distant nature, we’ve nearly stopped using our eyes in all the ways intended. You’ve probably noticed that if you spend time in nature, you feel happier out there than in here. But why? Maybe we love nature because we evolved in it. We require it for our psychological well-being because it’s in our DNA. What is it about nature and our relationship to it, that brings us so much joy? I’ve been asking this question for some years now to myself. And personally, I spend as much time as I can in nature may be 163

○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ not always amidst forest, woodland or mountains devices can increase our problem-solving skills but through morning and evening walks. Putting and improve creative abilities. Aged people, who all of this together, I’ve developed my own ideas use to go to green parks for a walk or to spend about why nature makes us feel good. Here are some quality time feel more positive and hopeful some of them: about their future. Nature heals “A walk in nature walks the soul back home”- Nature reminds who you truly are and Mary Davis teaches you that there is nothing wrong with you. Nature is no doubt the best healer. When we spend time in nature, it awakens our senses In nature, you feel comfortable in your and provides clarity of mind and thinking. Being own skin, you experience your own quiet peace in nature, or even viewing scenes of nature, and strength, you sense the inner you that is the reduces anger, fear, and stress and increases true you. The mask you present to the outer world pleasant feelings. When you are in nature, it not is irrelevant for a time, and put in its proper place. only makes you feel better emotionally, but also You don’t have to look in mirrors, when you’re it contributes to your physical wellbeing, in nature. Instead, you’re focused on the reducing blood pressure, heart rate, muscle surrounding, or on what you are doing. When tension, and the production of stress hormones. you’re alone in nature, or with a loving friend or Even a simple plant in a room or an aquarium can group of people, you get relief from sexism, have a significant impact on stress and anxiety. racism, classism, and all the other factors that When we stay close to the beautiful facet of bring differences with one another. nature, (for example flowers, breeze, or gentle Nature displays diversity in all her beauty. There sunshine) we do not have to put any effort to like are fat trees and thin ones, short ones and tall it; we effortlessly immerse ourselves into it. ones. In nature, we don’t say ‘How wrong! ; That They bring feelings of pleasure and satisfaction, flower is ugly!; that tree is fat!’ Instead, we say, that’s why people who spend more time in nature ‘How beautiful!’ Likewise, nature impacts our are more intuitive, energetic, and consciously level of thought. attentive. Nature reminds you of death so you can Also outdoor activities reduce the appreciate your life and its cycle chances of developing eyesight problems like hypermetropia and myopia. Nature also has a In nature, you see dead trees and those connection to lower BMI because people who dead trees are nursing young plants to life. You exercise outdoors enjoy their workout sessions walk through a burn area and see a vast number more and are more likely to practice it regularly, of wildflowers thriving in the newly enriched soil. than people who exercise indoors. Therefore You might even see animal skulls and bones. people who exercise outdoors are less tired and That’s when we value our own life more, when have fewer chances of suffering from obesity and we come face to face with death, and begin to related conditions. Exercise and spending time cherish the present moment more. Many cancer outdoors stimulate the production of endorphins, survivors and survivors of deadly diseases and our brain’s “feel-good” neurotransmitters”. With major accidents know this truth well from a harsh increased endorphin levels, you’ll feel loose, encounter with death. Nature teaches us to see clear-headed, calm and it acts as happiness the reality. By staying close to nature, we feel booster. more grateful and appreciative of what it offers Nature walks and other outdoor activities build to us. Seeing the wonders of the world outside attention and focus and spending more time automatically fosters within us the urge to protect outdoors and less time with our electronic it. 164

○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ Nature teaches us to surrender comfort and affects our mood, appetite, memory, social control. behavior, and other processes. Too much serotonin and you can become irritable and tense, Nature always shows us the reality. You but too little serotonin and you can become can’t stop raining. You can’t delay the setting sun. depressed. Breathing fresh air can therefore help You can’t set the temperature to a comfortable regulate your levels of serotonin and promote level. If you’re walking kilometres through a happiness and well-being. forest, your muscles are going to pain. But with Nature improves this surrender comes such relief! You feel fresh and energetic. You wake up from a dream and Since it is the age of digital world, we realize how little control you really have. You naturally stare at the screen for long hours, then realise that hardship and lack of control are whether it may be our laptop screen or mobile part of life, and accepting this reality makes it screen. Naturally, it will effect on our eyesight not only bearable, but possible to feel the joy of and develop problems like dry eyes, myopia, or being alive. We can’t be happy or comfortable chronic headaches. Spending time outdoors, all the time. We can’t control everything. Trying especially in the greeneries is the best natural to achieve permanent comfort and control leads solution to this. Looking at the green grass, the to a dull, meaningless life that kills the soul. trees, the flowers, and all the other aspects of Nature Impacts Health the environment improve focus and eyesight. Children who spend more time in the outdoors Going outside to “get some vitamin D” are less likely to develop eyesight problems than has become something that parents use to stop children who spent less time outdoors. their kids from playing too much video games Nature cleanses and sunshine-deprived office workers use it as an excuse to take a tea break—but what does There is no other purifier better than the vitamin D actually do for us? By helping nature itself. It is a natural purifier. Spending maximize calcium absorption, vitamin D some hours outdoors helps in releasing the toxins promotes bone and dental health. It can also from our body and leave us all fresh and elevate mood and reduce the risk of cancer, heart rejuvenated. The amount of bad air that we breathe disease, stroke, diabetes, and more. Vitamin D in because of the different kinds of pollution, is also improves blood flow and lowers blood strong enough to dysfunction our respiratory pressure by literally relaxing your blood vessels. tract, giving birth to breathing troubles, A few hours in the sunshine can give us adequate bronchitis, and asthma. And there is no other vitamin D, a nutrient we don’t get from food as solution to this except for spending more time much we need it. The right level of Vitamin D in in the natural environment and getting some fresh the body immunes us against diseases like air every day. osteoporosis, cancer, diabetes, and Alzheimer’s. Besides, it also ensures the smooth functioning These are some of the reasons why I of the immune system. believe we are so happy in nature’s lap. This is why nature heals, and helps us to live lives of Levels of oxygen in our brain are tied to meaning and joy. ×× levels of serotonin, the neurotransmitter that 165

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○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ø©ÜÀˆ¬Ú ¬Û˘ Ê√ªƒÂ√ õ∂ÌªÀÊ√…±øÓ¬ ﬂ¡ø˘Ó¬± øÎ¬.¤˘.¤Î¬. õ∂Ô˜ ¯∏±∞√¨±ø¸ﬂ¡ ’±À˜ø1ﬂ¡±Ú ﬂ¡ø•ÛÎ◊¬È¬±1 ¬ı…ª¸±˚˛1 &ø1 ÒÀ1“±Ó¬± ’±1n∏ ’±øª©®±1ﬂ¡ ø©ÜÀˆ¬Ú ¬Û˘ Ê√ªƒÂ√1 Ê√ij ∆˝√øÂ√˘ 1955 ‰¬Ú1 24 ŒÙ¬¬ıËn∏ª±1œÓ¬ Â√±Ú ÙË¬±økÂ√Àﬂ¡± Ú·1Ó¬º ŒÓ¬À‡Ó¬ﬂ¡ Ó≈¬ø˘- Ó¬±ø˘ Î¬±„√1-√œ‚˘ ﬂ¡ø1øÂ√˘ Œﬂ¡ø˘Ù¬øÌ«˚˛±1 ¬Û˘ ’±1n∏ ﬂv¡±1± Ê√ªÀÂ√º ŒÓ¬›“À˘±Àﬂ¡ ŒÓ¬À‡Ó¬1 Ú±˜ ø√øÂ√˘ ø©ÜÀˆ¬Ú ¬Û˘º ø©ÜÀˆ¬Ú Ê√ªƒÂ√1 õ∂ﬂ‘¡Ó¬ ø¬ÛÓ‘¬1 Ú±˜ ’±øÂ√˘ ’±s≈˘ Ù¬ÀÓ¬˝√ Ê√Ú Ê√µ±ø˘ (Abdulfattah John Jandali)º ŒÓ¬›“ ¤·1±ﬂ¡œ øÂ√ø1˚˛± Œ√˙œ˚˛ ˝√◊Â√˘±˜Ò˜«œ Ú±·ø1ﬂ¡ ’±øÂ√˘º ŒÓ¬À‡Ó¬ ¬Û±Â√Õ˘ 1±Ê√ÚœøÓ¬ ø¬ı:±Ú1 ’Ò…±¬Ûﬂ¡ ∆˝√øÂ√˘º Ê√ªƒÂ√1 õ∂ﬂ‘¡Ó¬ ˜±Ó‘¬ ’±øÂ√˘ ëŒÊ√±ª±Ú øÂ√•ÛÂ√Úíº ŒÓ¬›“ ¤·1±ﬂ¡œ ¶ß±Ó¬ﬂ¡ Â√±Sœº ŒÓ¬›“ ¬Û±Â√Õ˘ ¤·1±ﬂ¡œ ﬂ¡Ô± ’±1n∏ ˆ¬±¯∏± ø¬ı¯∏˚˛ﬂ¡ Œ1±·1 ø¬ıÀ˙¯∏:± (Speech-Language Pathologist) ∆˝√øÂ√˘º 170

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○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ Œ˜‚±˘À˚˛ ø1ø„√˚˛±˝◊√ ˜±ÀÓ¬ Ó‘¬¯û±˜øÌ ˙˝◊√ﬂ¡œ˚˛± øÎ¬.¤˘.¤Î¬. õ∂Ô˜ ¯∏±∞√¨±ø¸ﬂ¡ ŒÈ¬ø˘øˆ¬‰¬Ú1 ¬Û«√±Ó¬ õ∂±À˚˛ Œ√ø‡ Ôﬂ¡± Œ˜‚±˘˚˛1 õ∂±ﬂ‘¡øÓ¬ﬂ¡ Œ¸Ãµ˚« õ∂Ó¬…é¬ˆ¬±À¬ı ¬Û˚«À¬ıé¬Ì ﬂ¡1±1 ¤È¬± ¸À¬Û±Ú ¬ıU ø√ÚÀ1 ¬Û1± ¬ı≈ﬂ≈¡1 Œﬂ¡±ÀÚ±¬ı± ¤È¬± ‰≈¬ﬂ¡Ó¬ ¬Û≈ø˝√ 1±ø‡øÂ√À˘±º ¤˝◊√ ¸À¬Û±Ú ¬ı±ô¶ªÓ¬ ¬Ûø1ÌÓ¬ ∆˝√øÂ√˘ Œ˚øÓ¬˚˛± ˜ÀÚ±˝√±1œ Œ√ªœ ﬂ¡±ÕÚ ˜ø˝√˘± ˜˝√±ø¬ı√…±˘˚˛1 Ó¬1Ù¬1 ¬Û1± Â√±Sœ¸ﬂ¡˘ﬂ¡ ø˙é¬±˜”˘ﬂ¡ w˜Ì1 Î¬◊ÀVÀ˙… Œ˜‚±˘˚˛Õ˘ øÚ˚˛±1 ø¸X±ôL Œ˘±ª± ∆˝√øÂ√˘º 2018 ‰¬Ú1 øÎ¬À‰¬•§1 ˜±˝√1 23 Ó¬±ø1À‡ øÎ¬¬ıËn∏·Î¬ˇ ¬ı±Ìœ¬Û≈1 Œ1˘ Œ©Ü‰¬Ú1 ¬Û1± ’±˜±1 Œ˜‚±˘˚˛ ’øˆ¬˜≈‡œ ˚±S± ’±1y ∆˝√øÂ√˘º ’±˜±1 ø¬ı˙Ê√Úœ˚˛± Â√±Sœ1 √˘ÀÈ¬±1 ∆¸ÀÓ¬ ∆·øÂ√˘ ¤˜.øÎ¬.Œﬂ¡.øÊ√. ‰¬±˝◊√k ﬂ¡À˘Ê√1 ≈√·1±ﬂ¡œ ¸˝√ﬂ¡±1œ ’Ò…±¬Ûﬂ¡ ’±1n∏ ¤·1±ﬂ¡œ ’Ò…±ø¬Ûﬂ¡±º ø¬ÛÂ√ø√Ú± 1±øÓ¬¬Û≈ª± &ª±˝√±È¬œ Œ1˘ Œ©Ü‰¬Ú1 ¬Û1± ’±˜±1 Œ˜‚±˘˚˛ ’øˆ¬˜≈‡œ ˚±S± ’±1y ∆˝√øÂ√˘ ¤‡Ú Œ¬∏CÀˆ¬˘±1Ó¬º &ª±˝√±È¬œ1 ¬Û1±˝√◊ ’±˜±1 ˘·Ó¬ ∆·øÂ√˘ √≈Ê√Ú ·±˝√◊Î¬º Œ˜‚±˘˚Ó˛ ¬ Œ¸±À˜±ª±1 ’±·ÀÓ¬ ’±ø˜ &ª±˝√±È¬œ1 ¤‡Ú Œ˝√±ÀÈ¬˘Ó¬ ¬Û≈ª±1 Ê√˘¬Û±Ú ¢∂˝√Ì ﬂ¡ø1øÂ√À˘±º 176

○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ Ó¬±1 ø¬ÛÂ√ÀÓ¬ ’±ø˜ ˚±S± ’±1y ﬂ¡ø1øÂ√À˘± ’±˜±1 ·ôL¬ı… ¶ö±Ú1 ˝◊√ ∆˝√ÀÂ√ ¤‡Ú õ∂±ﬂ‘¡øÓ¬ﬂ¡ˆ¬±Àª ¸‘ø©Ü Œ˝√±ª± √˘—º ¤˝◊√ √˘—‡ÚÕ˘ ø√˙Õ˘º ˜ÚÓ¬ øﬂ¡˜±Ú Œ˚ ’±Úµ/ ¤øÓ¬˚˛±› ˜Ú ˚±˚˛ ’±Àﬂ¡Ã ˚±¬ıÕ˘ 3700 È¬± ø‰¬ø1 ¬Û±1 ˝√í¬ı ˘±À·º ¤˝◊√‡Ú √˘— Œ¬Û±ª±1 Œ¸˝◊√ ¸˜˚˛ø‡øÚÕ˘ ‚”ø1 ˚±¬ıÕ˘º ’±˜±1 õ∂Ô˜‡Ú √˙«Ú¶ö˘œ ’±øÂ√˘ ’±·ÀÓ¬ 1±ô¶±ÀÓ¬ ø‰¬—·˘ ŒÎ¬ﬂ¡±1 ø˘øˆ¬— Œ1±È¬ ø¬ıËÊ√ (Single ¤øÂ√˚˛±1 ¸¬ı±ÀÓ¬±Ó¬Õﬂ¡ ¬Ûø1©®±1 ·“±›‡Ú, ˜±›ø˘Ú— Decker Living Root Bridge) Œ¬Û±ª± ˚±˚˛º ’±ø˜ øﬂ¡Â≈¸˜˚˛ (Mawlynnong)º ˜±›ø˘Ú„√1 õ∂±ﬂ‘¡øÓ¬ﬂ¡ Œ¸Ãµ˚«˝◊√ ’±˜±1 øÊ√1øÌ ∆˘ ø‰¬ø1À¬ı±1 Î¬◊øÍ¬øÂ√À˘± ’±1n∏ ’ªÀ˙¯∏Ó¬ ’±ø˜ ’±˜±1 ¸ﬂ¡À˘±À1 ˜Ú ¬ı±1n∏Õﬂ¡À˚˛ Œ˜±ø˝√Ó¬ ﬂ¡ø1øÂ√˘, ˚±1 õ∂±ﬂ‘¡øÓ¬ﬂ¡ ·ôL¬ı… ¶ö±Ú Î¬±À¬ı±˘ ŒÎ¬ﬂ¡±1 ø˘øˆ¬— Œ1±È¬ ø¬ıËÊ√Ó¬ (Double Œ¸Ãµ˚«1 ﬂ¡Ô± ∆ﬂ¡ Œ˙¯∏ ﬂ¡ø1¬ı ŒÚ±ª±ø1º ¸˝√Ê√-¸1˘ ˜Ú1 Decker Living Root Bridge) Î¬◊¬Ûø¶öÓ¬ ∆˝√øÂ√À˘±º Ó¬±1 ˜±Ú≈˝√À¬ı±1, Œ√‡±ÀÓ¬± ’±øÂ√˘ ŒÓ¬ÀÚ˝◊√ ¸±Ò±1Ìº 1±˝◊√ÀÊ√ Ú‡ ¬Ûø1Àª˙ÀÈ¬± Œ√ø‡ ’±õ≠≈Ó¬ ∆˝√ ¬Ûø1øÂ√À˘±º õ∂ﬂ‘¡øÓ¬1 øﬂ¡ Œ˚ ¸‘ø©Ü/ ŒÊ√±ﬂ¡±ø1À˘ ∆Ú ¬ı˚˛º Î¬◊Mê√ ﬂ¡Ô±¯∏±1 ŒÓ¬›“À˘±ﬂ¡1 ˘·Ó¬ ¸≈µ1Õﬂ¡ ø¬ıËÊ√‡Ú1 Ó¬˘ÀÓ¬ ’±øÂ√˘ ¤È¬± ëŒÚ‰¬±À1˘ ‰≈¬˝◊√ø˜— ¬Û≈˘íº Ó¬±Ó¬ Ôﬂ¡± ‡±¬Û ‡±˝◊√ ¬Ûø1ÀÂ√º ·“±›‡Ú1 õ∂ÀÓ¬…ﬂ¡Ê√Ú Œ˘±ﬂ¡1 Ó¬…±· ’±1n∏ ˜±Â√À¬ı±À1 ’±˜±1 ˆ¬ø1Ó¬ ‰≈¬˜± ’±“øﬂ¡øÂ√˘º ¤ÀÚ ˘±ø·øÂ√˘ Œ˚Ú ¸±ÒÚ±1 Ù¬˘¶§1+À¬Û ·“±›‡ÀÚ ¤øÂ√˚˛±1 ¸¬ı±ÀÓ¬±Õﬂ¡ ¬Ûø1©®±1 ·“±› ø¸˝“√ÀÓ¬ ’±˜±ﬂ¡ ¸y±¯∏ÌÀ˝√ Ê√Ú±˝◊√ÀÂ√º 3700 È¬± ›‡-‰¬±¬Û1 ø‰¬ø1 ø˝√‰¬±¬Û ¶ö±Ú √‡˘ ﬂ¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ ¸é¬˜ ∆˝√ÀÂ√ ¬ı≈ø˘ ˜˝◊√ ˆ¬±À¬ı±º ¬ı·±˝◊√ ’±ø˝√øÂ√À˘± ˚ø√› Ó¬±1 õ∂±ﬂ‘¡øÓ¬ﬂ¡ Œ¸Ãµ˚« Œ√‡± Œ¬Û±ª±1 ˘À· ˘À· ¸ﬂ¡À˘±À¬ı±1 ≈√‡-ﬂ¡©Ü øÚø˜¯∏ÀÓ¬ Œ˚Ú ¬Û±˝√ø1 Ó¬±1 ø¬ÛÂ√Ó¬ ’±˜±1 ˚±S± ’±1y ﬂ¡ø1øÂ√À˘± Î¬±Î¬◊ﬂ¡œ1 Œ¬Û˘±˝◊√øÂ√À˘±º ¸“‰¬±Õﬂ¡À˚˛ Ó¬±1 õ∂±ﬂ‘¡øÓ¬ﬂ¡ Œ¸Ãµ˚« ˆ¬±¯∏±À1 õ∂ﬂ¡±˙ ø√˙Õ˘º Œ¸˝◊√ø√Ú± 1±øÓ¬ÀÈ¬± ’±ø˜ Î¬±Î¬◊ﬂ¡œÓ¬ Œﬂ¡•ÛÓ¬ Ô±øﬂ¡À˘±º ﬂ¡ø1¬ı ŒÚ±ª±ø1º ˝◊√˚˛±1 ¬Û±Â√Ó¬ ’±ø˜ øù´˘„√Õ˘ Î¬◊ˆ¬øÓ¬ ’±ø˝√À˘±º Î¬±Î¬◊ﬂ¡œ Ú√œ1 ˙œÓ¬˘ ¬ıÓ¬±˝√Ê√±ﬂ¡, Œﬂ¡•ÛÙ¬±˚˛±1 ’±1n∏ Ó¬±1 Î¬◊M√±¬Û1 ¬ı1ø√Ú1 ¸˜˚˛ ’±øÂ√˘, ¬·øÓ¬Àﬂ¡ Ó¬±1 Œ√±ﬂ¡±Ú Œ¬Û±˝√±1À¬ı±1Ó¬ ˜±Ú˝≈ √1 ˜±Ê√ÀÓ¬ ¸—·œÓ¬1 ˘˝√À1 ¬Ûø1Àª˙ÀÈ¬± ’øÓ¬ Œ1±˜±=ﬂ¡1 ﬂ¡ø1 ¸˜±·˜ ˚ÀÔ©Ü Œ√‡± ∆·øÂ√˘º ’±ø˜› ¸øg˚˛± Œ¬ı˘± ›˘±˝◊√ Ó≈¬ø˘øÂ√˘º ’±ø˝√À˘± ¬ıÊ√±1 ﬂ¡1±1 Î¬◊ÀVÀ˙…º Œﬂ¡˝◊√ø¬ıÒ˜±Ú ˘±·øÓ¬˚˛±˘ ¬ıd1 ¬ıÊ√±1 ﬂ¡ø1 ’±ø˜ 1±øÓ¬1 ’±˝√±1 Ó¬±À1˝◊√ ¤‡Ú Œ˝√±ÀÈ¬˘Ó¬ ¢∂˝√Ì ø¬ÛÂ√ø√Ú± ’±˜±1 øﬂ¡Â≈√˜±Ú ﬂ¡±˚«ﬂ¡˘±¬Û ’±øÂ√˘ Î¬±Î¬◊ﬂ¡œ ﬂ¡ø1À˘±º Ú√œﬂ¡ Œﬂ¡f ﬂ¡ø1º Œ¸˝◊√À¬ı±11 ˜±Ê√Ó¬ ’±øÂ√˘ ﬂ¡±˚˛±øﬂ¡—, øÊ√¬Û˘±˝◊√øÚ— ’±1n∏ øﬂv¡Ù¬ Ê√±ø•Û—º ¤˝◊√ ¸ﬂ¡À˘±ø‡øÚ ﬂ¡±˚«ﬂ¡˘±¬ÛÓ¬ ø¬ÛÂø√Ú±1 ¸˜˚˛ ’±øÂ√˘ Œ˜‚±˘˚˛ﬂ¡ ø¬ı√±˚˛ ø√˚˛±1º ’—˙¢∂˝√Ì ﬂ¡ø1 øﬂ¡Â≈√˜±Ú Ú Ú ’øˆ¬:Ó¬± ˘±ˆ¬ ﬂ¡ø1øÂ√À˘±º øÓ¬øÚø√Úœ˚˛± w˜Ì¸”‰¬œ ¸±˜ø1 ’±ø˜ 1±›Ú± ˝√íÀ˘± ’±˜±1 ˜±Ó‘¬ˆ”¬ø˜ ≈√¬Û1œ˚˛±1 ’±˝√±1 Î¬±Î¬◊ﬂ¡œÀÓ¬ ¢∂˝√Ì ﬂ¡ø1 ’±˜±1 ˚±S± ’±1y ’¸˜ ’øˆ¬˜≈À‡ ’±1n∏ ¬ı≈ﬂ≈¡1 ˜±Ê√Ó¬ ¸±˜ø1 ˘À˘± ¬ıUÀÓ¬± ˆ¬±˘˘·± ﬂ¡ø1øÂ√À˘± Œ‰¬1±¬Û≈?œÓ¬ ’ªø¶öÓ¬ ˜±›‰¬˜±˝◊√ Œﬂ¡ˆ¬ (Mawsmai ¶ú‘øÓ¬º Œ˜‚±˘˚˛1 Œ¸˝◊√ ›‡ ›‡ ¬Û±˝√±1, Ú√œ1 ﬂ≈¡˘≈ ﬂ≈¡˘≈ ˙s cave)1 ø√˙Õ˘º ’±˜±1 ˘·Ó¬ Œ˚±ª± ¤Ê√Ú ·±˝◊√ÀÎ¬ Ê√Ú±˝◊√øÂ√˘ ’±1n∏ Ó¬±1 ˙œÓ¬˘ ¬ıÓ¬±˝√ Ê√±Àﬂ¡ ’±øÊ√› Œ˚Ú Œ˜±ﬂ¡ ø1ø„√˚˛±˝◊√ Œ˚ ¤˝◊√ &˝√±ÀÈ¬± õ∂±˚˛ 150 ø˜. √œ‚˘º &˝√±ÀÈ¬±1 øˆ¬Ó¬1Ó¬ ¸≈˜≈ª±1 ˜±ÀÓ¬º ˘À· ˘À· ¬ı≈ﬂ≈¡‡Ú ˆ¬À˚˛ ’±ªø1 Òø1øÂ√˘º ¤ÀÚﬂ≈¡ª± ˆ¬±ª ∆˝√øÂ√˘ Œ˚Ú Î¬±„√1 Î¬±„√1 Ê√œª-Ê√c ¸ij≈‡Ó¬ ’±ø˝√ Œ√‡± ø√¬ıø˝√º Œ¸˝◊√¬ı±À¬ı õ∂ﬂ‘¡øÓ¬À˚˛ ¸‘ø©Ü ﬂ¡ø1 øÚÀÊ√ õ∂øÓ¬¬Û±˘Ú ﬂ¡1± ¤˝◊√ ˜ÀÚ±1˜ ’±ø˜ ˘·1 Œﬂ¡˝◊√Ê√ÚœÀ˚˛ ˝√±Ó¬Ó¬ ˝√±Ó¬ Òø1 &˝√±ÀÈ¬± √˙«Ú ﬂ¡ø1øÂ√À˘±º ‘√˙…À¬ı±1, õ∂ﬂ‘¡øÓ¬1 ˘·Ó¬ ˜±Ú≈˝√1 ¸˝√À˚±ø·Ó¬± ˝◊√Ó¬…±ø√À¬ı±1 õ∂øÓ¬ ¬ıÂ√À1 25 øÎ¬À‰¬•§11 ø√ÚÀÈ¬± Î¬±Î¬◊ﬂ¡œ¬ı±¸œÀ˚˛ ¬ı1 Î¬◊˘˝√- õ∂ÀÓ¬…ﬂ¡Ê√Ú ¬ı…øMê√À˚˛ ¤¬ı±1Õ˘ ˝√íÀ˘› Î¬◊¬ÛÀˆ¬±· ﬂ¡1± Î¬◊ø‰¬Ó¬º ˜±˘À˝√À1 ¬Û±˘Ú ﬂ¡À1º Œ¸˝◊√ø√Ú± ·œÊ«√±‚1Ó¬ ŒÓ¬›“À˘±Àﬂ¡ ’øÒﬂ¡ ÒÚ ‡1‰¬ ﬂ¡ø1 ø¬ıÀ√˙ w˜Ì ﬂ¡1±Ó¬Õﬂ¡ ’±ø˜ ’±˜±1 ›‰¬1ÀÓ¬ ¸±˜”ø˝√ﬂ¡ˆ¬±Àª Œﬂ¡1˘1 ˘·ÀÓ¬ ø¬ıøˆ¬iß ·œÓ¬ ¬Ûø1Àª˙Ú ﬂ¡À1º Ôﬂ¡± Œ˜‚±˘˚˛ Ó¬Ô± Î¬◊M√1-¬Û”¬ı«±=˘1 ’±Ú Œﬂ¡˝◊√‡Ú 1±Ê√…Õ˘ ˆ≈¬˜≈øﬂ¡ ¸—·œÓ¬1 ˘˝√1Ó¬ ’±ø˜ ’±À¬Û±Ú ¬Û±˝√1± ∆˝√ ¬Ûø1øÂ√À˘±º Œ¸˝◊√ø√Ú±1 ˜±ø1 ’±ø˝√¬ı ˘±À·º ¬Û˚«È¬Ú Ô˘œÀ1 ˆ¬1¬Û”1 ¤˝◊√ 1±Ê√…¸˜”˝√ ø√Úﬂ¡ ¬1±øÓ¬1 ’±˝√±1 Î¬±Î¬◊ﬂ¡œÀ1 ¶ö±Úœ˚˛ ˜±Ú≈˝√ ¤‚1Ó¬ ¢∂˝√Ì ﬂ¡ø1øÂ√À˘±º ø√ÀÚ ø¬ıÀ√˙œ ¬Û˚«È¬ﬂ¡1 ’±ﬂ¡¯«∏Ì1 Œﬂ¡fø¬ıµ≈ ∆˝√ ¬Ûø1ÀÂ√º ·øÓ¬Àﬂ¡ ’±ø˜› ’±˜±1 øÚÊ√1 :±Ú1 ¬ı±À¬ı ’±1n∏ ’±˜±1 1±Ê√… ¸˜”˝√1 ø¬ÛÂ√ø√Ú± ’±ø˜ ˚±S± ’±1y ﬂ¡ø1øÂ√À˘± ¬Û≈Ú1 Œ‰¬1±¬Û≈?œ1 ’Ô«ÕÚøÓ¬ﬂ¡ Î¬◊iß˚˛Ú1 ¬ı±À¬ı ¤˝◊√ ¬Û˚«È¬Ú1 ’—˙œ√±1 Œ˝√±ª± ø√˙Õ˘º ¤˝◊√¬ı±11 ·ôL¬ı… ¶ö±Ú ’±øÂ√˘ Î¬±À¬ı±˘ ŒÎ¬ﬂ¡±1 ø˘øˆ¬— Î¬◊ø‰¬Ó¬º×× Œ1±È¬ ø¬ıÊË √ (Double Decker Living Root Bridge) ’øˆ¬˜À≈ ‡º 177

○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ · ä ’¸ƒ ·Õ·, ’±À¬Û±Ú±1 ˆ¬±˘ ŒÚ∑ ¬ıU ø√Ú1 ˜”1Ó¬ ’±ø˝√À˘∑ øÊ√øÚ˜øÌ Œﬂ¡±“‰¬ õ∂±Mê√Ú õ∂ø˙é¬±Ô«œ, øÎ¬.¤˘.¤Î¬. – ’í ˆ¬±˘ ˆ¬±˘º ¬ı±˝◊√À√Î¬◊ ’±À¬Û±Ú±1 ˆ¬±˘ ŒÚ∑ - ’í ˆ¬±À˘˝◊√ ø√˚˛ﬂ¡º ’±¬Û≈øÚ ‰¬±À· ≈√˜±˝√1 ’±·Ó¬ 1±ô¶±1 ﬂ¡±¯∏Ó¬ ¬Ûø1 Ôﬂ¡± ¬Û±˝◊√, ’±˜±ﬂ¡ ·Ó¬±˝◊√ ø√˚˛± ﬂ¡Ì˜±øÚøÈ¬1 ‡¬ı1 ¸≈øÒ¬ıÕ˘ ’±ø˝√ÀÂ√ Ú˝√˚˛ Ê√±ÀÚ±∑ ’±À¬Û±Ú±1 ¬ı±À¬ı ˆ¬±˘ ‡¬ı1 ¤È¬±˝◊√ ’±ÀÂ√º ’±¬Û≈øÚ ’˝√±1 ’˘¬Û ’±·ÀÓ¬ Œﬂ¡“‰≈¬ª±ÀÈ¬± øÎ¬¬ıËn∏·Î¬ˇ1 ¤˝√±˘ øÚ–¸ôL±Ú √•ÛøÓ¬À˚˛ øÚÊ1 ﬂ¡ø1 ∆˘ÀÂ√º ˜±Ú≈˝√ ≈√Ê√Ú ¬ı1 ˆ¬±˘º ≈√À˚˛±·1±ﬂ¡œ ø˙é¬ﬂ¡-ø˙é¬ø˚˛Sœº ø˙qøÈ¬1 ˆ¬øª¯∏…ÀÓ¬± ¸≈1øé¬Ó¬ ˝√í˘º ’±¬Û≈øÚ ¬ı1 ˆ¬±˘ ﬂ¡±˜ ﬂ¡ø1À˘ ø˙qøÈ¬ ’±˜±ﬂ¡ ·Ó¬±˝◊√ ø√º ÚÀµù´1 ·Õ·À˚˛ ¬ı±ﬂ¡œø‡øÚ ﬂ¡Ô± ’±1n∏ Ú≈qøÚÀ˘º ŒÓ¬›“ ‰¬ﬂ≈¡ ‰¬˘‰¬˘œ˚˛± ∆˝√ ¬Ûø1˘º ˜ÚÓ¬ ¬Ûø1˘ ’±øÊ√1 ¬Û1± ≈√˜±˝√1 ’±·1 ﬂ¡Ô±À¬ı±1º Œ˝√1± 1í¬ı± ’í ...º ˜˝◊√ Œ‡±ÀÊ√˝◊√ ﬂ¡±øÏ¬ˇ¬ı ŒÚ±ª±ø1ÀÂ√±º Œ¬ÛÈ¬ÀÈ¬± ¬ı1 ·Ò≈1 Œ˚Ú ˘±ø·ÀÂ√º ’˘¬Û ’˘¬Û ø¬ı¯∏ ’Ú≈ˆ¬ª ﬂ¡ø1ÀÂ√±º ’¸ƒ ŒÚ±ª±ø1ÀÂ√± ’±1n∏ Œ‡±Ê√ ﬂ¡±øÏ¬ˇ¬ıº 178

○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ – ŒÚ±ª±ø1À˘ Ê√±ÀÚ± ˝√í¬ıº ’±øÊ√À˚˛˝◊√ ˚ø√ ø¸ÀÈ¬± ¶Û©ÜÕﬂ¡ Œ√‡± Œ¬Û±ª± ·í˘º ˆ¬·ª±Úﬂ¡ ’±Àﬂ¡Ã õ∂±Ô«Ú± ﬂ¡ø1À˘ ˜Ô±Î¬◊ø1Ó¬ ‰¬±ø˘ ¬Û±øÓ¬¬ıÕ· ŒÚ±ª±À1±, ŒÓ¬ÀôL ¬Û±Úœ ¬ı±øÏ¬ˇ ˜Ô±Î¬◊ø1 ˜Ô±Î¬◊ø1ÀÈ¬± ø‰¬ø„√ øÚøÚ¬ıÕ˘, Ú˝√íÀ˘ Œ˚ ‚1-˜±øÈ¬-Œˆ¬øÈ¬ ¸ﬂ¡À˘± øÂ√ø·À˘ ﬂ¡íÓ¬ Ô±øﬂ¡¬ıº ¬ı≈1 ˚±¬ıº øﬂ¡c Œ˜‚ ¬ı1¯∏≈Ì1 ˚≈XÓ¬ Œ˚Ú ˆ¬·¬ı±ÀÚ› Ó¬±1 õ∂±Ô«Ú± ÚÀµù´À1 ˝◊√Ù¬±À˘ ø¸∏Ù¬±À˘ ‰¬±À˘º ﬂ¡íÀÓ¬± ‰¬±˝◊√Àﬂ¡˘ ¬ı± Ú≈qøÚÀ˘º ¤ﬂ¡ õ∂ﬂ¡±G ˙s ﬂ¡ø1 Î¬◊M√1 ø√˙1 ˜Ô±Î¬◊ø1 ˆ¬±ø·˘º ŒÍ¬˘± ¤‡ÀÚ± Œ√ø‡¬ıÕ˘ Ú±˝◊√º ·“±›‡Ú1 õ∂±˚˛À¬ı±1 ˜±Ú≈À˝√˝◊√ ˜±Ú≈˝√1 Uª±-≈√ª±Ó¬ ˜Ú1 ˆ¬˚˛ ≈√&ÀÌ ¬ı±øÏ¬ˇ˘º ﬂ¡±1Ì ˜±Ú≈˝√Ê√Úœ1 ˜Ô±Î¬◊ø1Ó¬ ‰¬±ø˘ ¬Û±øÓ¬À˘Õ·º ≈√˝◊√ ¤‚1 ¬Ûﬂ¡œ ‰¬±—‚√1 Ôﬂ¡± ¸ﬂ¡˘À˝√ ˚ø√ øﬂ¡¬ı± ¤È¬± ˝√˚˛ Î¬\"√1 ’±ø˝√¬ıÕ˘ Ôﬂ¡± ¤È¬± 1±ô¶±› ¬ı±ﬂ¡œ Ú1í¬ıº ·“±ªÓ¬ ’±ÀÂ√º ¬ı≈Ï¬ˇœø√ø˝√—1 ¬ı±Ï¬ˇøÚ ¬Û±ÚœÀ1 ˆ¬ø1 ¬Ûø1ÀÂ√º ·“±ªÀÓ¬± ·“±›‡Ú Œ˚Ú ¬Û‘øÔªœ1 ’±Ú Í¬±˝◊√1 ¬Û1± ø¬ıø26iß ∆˝√ ’ﬂ¡˘˙1œ˚˛± ’˘¬Û ’˘¬Û ¬Û±Úœ Œ¸±˜±˝◊√ÀÂ√º ’±1n∏ ¤Ê√±ﬂ¡ ¬ı1¯∏≈Ì ø√À˘ ·“±› ∆˝√ ¬Ûø1˘º ˜±øÈ¬-¬ı±1œ ¸ﬂ¡À˘± ¬Û±Úœ1 Ó¬˘Ó¬º ¬ı≈ø1¬ıº ˜±Ú≈À˝√ Œﬂ¡±ª± qøÚÀÂ√± ¤˝◊√¬ı±1 Î¬◊M√1-¬Û±11 ˜Ô±Î¬◊ø1 ˆ¬„√±1 1±øÓ¬Õ˘ ’±Àﬂ¡Ã ’±ø˝√˘ ø˙˘ ¬ı1¯∏≈Ìº ≈√‡Ú˜±Ú øÈ¬— ø√ ’±˙—ﬂ¡± ’±ÀÂ√º Œ¸À˚˛ ¸ﬂ¡À˘± ’±·øÓ¬˚˛±Õﬂ¡ ¬¬Û”¬ıÕ˘ ‰¬±ø˘ øÓ¬¬Û«±À˘À1 ¬ıÀÚ±ª± ‰¬±ø˘ ‚1ÀÈ¬±Ó¬ øÈ¬— Ù≈¬øÈ¬ ¬Û±Úœ Œ¸±˜±¬ıÕ˘ Ó¬ø1ÀÂ√º ø¸› ’±·ÀÓ¬˝◊√ ¬ıd-¬ı±˝√øÚ øﬂ¡Â≈√˜±Ú ’±øÚ ÔÀ˘ø˝√º Òø1À˘º ’±ÚÙ¬±À˘ ˜±Ú≈˝√Ê√Úœ1 Œﬂ¡“ﬂ¡øÚ qøÚ ø¸ ¬ı1 ’¸˝√±˚˛ ˜±Ú≈˝√Ê√Úœ1 ·±-ˆ¬±ø1º ¤˝◊√ Œﬂ¡˝◊√ø√ÚÀÓ¬ Î¬\"√À1 ˆ¬±˘ ‡¬ı1 ’˝√±1 Œ˚Ú ’Ú≈ˆ¬ª ﬂ¡ø1À˘º ø¬ÛÂ√ øÚ˙±˝◊√ ¬ı1¯∏≈Ì1 ¬Ûø1˜±Ì ﬂ¡ø˜˘º ﬂ¡Ô± ∆ﬂ¡øÂ√˘º ø¬ÛÀÂ√ ≈√‡œ˚˛±1 ≈√‡ Ú≈&ÀÂ√º ˆ¬±˘ ‡¬ı1 ’˝√±1 ˘·ÀÓ¬ ˘±À˝√Õﬂ¡ Ù≈¬È¬±À¬ı±1 ŒÊ√±1±-È¬±¬Ûø˘ ˜±ø1, ˜±Ú≈˝√Ê√Úœﬂ¡ ‚11 ø√˝√± Ó¬±ﬂ¡ ø‰¬ôL±1 ¬ı±˝√ ø˝√‰¬±À¬Û ¤˝◊√À¬ı±1 Œ√‡± ø√ÀÂ√º ﬂ¡ø1 ø√øÂ√˘À˝√, Ó¬±˝◊√ ø¬ı¯±˝◊√ÀÂ√ ¬ı≈ø˘ ø¬ıÂ√Ú±ÀÓ¬ Ò1Ù¬1±¬ıÕ˘ Òø1À˘º Œ˚±ª± ¬ıÂ√À1 ¬Û˘≈ª±˝◊√ ’±øÚ ¸—¸±1 ﬂ¡ø1øÂ√˘ ÚÀµù´À1º ˝◊√Ù¬±À˘ ¬ı±ø˝√1Ó¬ ¤øÓ¬˚˛±› ø‰¬¬Ûø‰¬¬ÛÕﬂ¡ ¬ı1¯∏≈Ì ø√À˚˛ ’±ÀÂ√º ·1˜ ¸—¸±11 1— 1+¬Û ¬ı≈øÊ√ Œ¬Û±ª±1 ’±·ÀÓ¬˝◊√ Œ√Î¬◊Ó¬±ﬂ¡ﬂ¡ Œ˝√1n∏ª±À˘º Î¬◊Í¬ﬂ¡ ¬ı≈ø˘ Ê≈√˝◊√ﬂ≈¡1± ;˘±˝◊√ ø√À˘º ˜±Ú≈˝√Ê√Úœ1 ˜”1ÀÈ¬± ˜±ø˘‰¬ ≈√¬ıÂ√1 ˜±Ú1 ’±·ÀÓ¬ ˜±Àﬂ¡± ˝◊√Ù¬˘œ˚˛± ˝√í˘º ∆‚ÌœÀ˚˛ﬂ¡ Ú˚˛Ú±1 ﬂ¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ ˘À˘º ÚÀµù´À1 øﬂ¡ ﬂ¡À1± øﬂ¡ Úﬂ¡À1± ˆ¬±ø¬ı Î¬◊ª±ø√˝√ ˘·ÀÓ¬ ’±ﬂ¡±À˘± Ú±˝◊√ ˆ¬Î¬ˇ±À˘± Ú±˝◊√ ∆ﬂ¡ ¸≈À‡À1 ‡±˝◊√ ’±øÂ√˘ ŒÚ±À¬Û±ª± ˝√í˘º ˜±Ú≈˝√Ê√Úœ1 ø¬ı¯∏ ¬ı±øÏ¬ˇ¬ı Òø1ÀÂ√º Ó¬±˝◊√ ¬ı1 ﬂ¡©Ü ø¸˝“√Ó¬º ’±Ú ¬ıÂ√1 ¤ÀÚÕﬂ¡ ¬ı±Ú Ú±À˝√º ’±ø˝√À˘ ’˘¬Û ø√Ú1 ¬ı±À¬ı ¬Û±˝◊√ÀÂ√º øÚÊ√Àﬂ¡ ¬ıUÓ¬ ’ﬂ¡˘˙1œ˚˛± Œ˚Ú ˘±ø·˘º ﬂ¡±Àµ± ŒÚ ¬ÛÔ±1À¬ı±1À˝√ ¬ı≈À1º ¤˝◊√¬ı±1 øﬂ¡ ’±˝◊√ ˘ÑœÀ˚˛ ·“±›‡ÚÓ¬ Œ√±¯∏ ˝“√±À˝√±, ﬂ¡±ﬂ¡ ˜±ÀÓ¬± ¤˝◊√ 1±øÓ¬‡Ú ˆ¬±ø¬ı ’¸˝√±˚˛ ∆˝√ ¬Ûø1˘º Òø1À˘º Œ·±ÀÈ¬˝◊√ ¬ÛÔ±1À¬ı±1 ¬Û±Úœ1 Ó¬˘Ó¬º ¤øÓ¬˚˛± ·“±ªÀÓ¬± ¬Û±Úœ ˜±Ú≈˝√Ê√Úœﬂ¡ ’˘À¬Û± ø‰¬ôL± Úﬂ¡ø1ø¬ı ˜˝◊√ ’±ÀÂ√±, Ó¬˝◊√ ∆Ò˚« Ò1 ¬ı≈ø˘ Œ¸±˜±˝◊√ÀÂ√º ¤ÀÚ ¬Ûø1ø¶öøÓ¬Ó¬ ˜±Ú≈˝√Ê√Úœﬂ¡ ∆˘ Ó¬±1 ø‰¬ôL± ∆ﬂ¡ ø¬ı¬Û≈˘ √±˝◊√˝“√Ó¬1 ’±˝◊√Ó¬±ﬂ¡ ˜±øÓ¬¬ıÕ˘ Œ√Ãø1 ·í˘º ŒÓ¬›“ ﬂ¡Ô±ÀÈ¬± ¤˝◊√Àﬂ¡˝◊√ø√Ú ≈√&ÀÌ ¬ı±øÏ¬ˇÀÂ√º ¬Û±Úœ ¬ıÏ¬ˇ±1 ¬ı±À¬ı ø‰¬øﬂ¡»¸±˘˚˛Õ˘ ¬ı≈øÊ√ ˘·ÀÓ¬ ’±ø˝√ ›˘±˘ø˝√º ˜±Ú≈˝√Ê√Úœ1 ﬂ¡±¯∏ÀÓ¬ ¬ıø˝√ ˜±øÓ¬ ﬂ¡íÀ˘ ˜±Ú≈˝√Ê√Úœﬂ¡ øÚ¬ı ¬Û1± Ú±˝◊√º ﬂ¡±ø˘ ¬Û1ø˝√1 ¬Û1± ’˘¬Û ’˘¬Û ø¬ı¯∏ ñ ìÚÀµ, ˜±Ú≈˝√Ê√Úœ ˘í1± ¬Û±¬ı1 ¸˜˚˛ ˝√í˘º Ó¬˝◊√ ’±˜±1 ∆˝√ ’±ÀÂ√ ¬ı≈ø˘ ∆ﬂ¡ÀÂ√º ˜ÀÚ ˜ÀÚ ˆ¬·ª±Úﬂ¡ õ∂±Ô«Ú± ﬂ¡ø1ÀÂ√ ˚±ÀÓ¬ ‡≈1œÀ˚˛1±ﬂ¡ ’±1n∏ ÚÀ·Ú1 Œ¬ıÃÀ˚˛ﬂ¡ﬂ¡ ˜±øÓ¬ ’±Ú ˚±º ˜˝◊√ ’ﬂ¡À˘ ¤Àﬂ¡± ’ÔôL1 Ú‚ÀÈ¬º ¬ı±Ú Œ¸±Úﬂ¡±À˘ ’“±Ó¬ø1À˘˝◊√ ˝√˚˛º ¸ª ﬂ¡ø1¬ı ŒÚ±ª±ø1˜º ˜±Ú≈˝√Ê√ÚœÀ˚˛ ¬ı1 ﬂ¡©Ü ¬Û±˝◊√ ’±ÀÂ√º øﬂ¡ ˝√˚˛ ÚÀµù´À1 ˜Ú1 øˆ¬Ó¬1ÀÓ¬ ˆ¬±ø¬ı ’±ÀÂ√ - 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○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ∆˙˙ª ¬Û±1 ∆˝√ ’À¬Ûé¬± øõ∂˚˛—ﬂ¡± Œ¸±ÀÌ±ª±˘ ¬ıÌ«±˘œ ·Õ· õ∂±Mê√Ú õ∂ø˙é¬±Ô«œ, øÎ¬.¤˘.¤Î¬. øÎ¬.¤˘.¤Î¬. õ∂Ô˜ ¯∏±∞√¨±ø¸ﬂ¡ Œ¸Ã ø¸ø√Ú± Œﬂ¡±Úø√Ú± Ú±Ê√±ÀÚ± ∆1 ’±ÀÂ√± Œﬂ¡ª˘ Ó≈¬ø˜ ’˝√±Õ˘ ∆˙˙ª ¬Û±1 ∆˝√ Œ‡±Ê√ ø√øÂ√À˘± Ê√øÈ¬˘ ø¬ıù´Ó¬º ’±ø˝√¬ı±ÀÚ Ó≈¬ø˜ Œ˜±1 ø√Í¬ﬂ¡1 ˘·1œ ˝√í√¬ıÕ˘ Œ¸Ã ø¸ø√Ú±, Œﬂ¡±Úø√Ú± Ú±Ê√±ÀÚ± ¸À¬Û±Ú1 ‚1 ¸±øÊ√¬ıÕ˘º ˜≈ﬂ¡ø˘ ’±ﬂ¡±˙1 Ó¬˘Ó¬ Œ¸±ÀÌ±ª±˘œ ¸À¬Û±Ú 1‰¬± ø¬Û1±ø˘Ó¬ ¬ıø˝√ ≈√À˚˛± ¬Û”øÌ«˜±1 ‰¬f˜± ‰¬±¬ıÕ˘ Œ¸˝◊√ ¬ÛÔ±1ÀÓ¬˝◊√ Â√±À· ˜˝◊√ ∆˙˙ª ¸±˜ø1À˘±º ’±ø˝√¬ı±ÀÚ Ó≈¬ø˜, ¤øÓ¬˚˛± Î¬◊˘øÈ¬ ‰¬±›“, ∆˙˙ª Œ√‡± ¬Û±›“ ¸≈À‡-≈√À‡ ˘·ÀÓ¬ Ô±øﬂ¡¬ıÕ˘º ≈√‰¬ﬂ≈¡À1 Œ˘±Ó¬ﬂ¡ ¬ı±·À1 Œ¸Î¬◊Ê√ ¬ÛÔ±11 ’ø˘À˚˛-·ø˘À˚˛ ≈√‡ Ú±˝◊√, ˆ¬±·1, ¸À¬Û±ÀÚ± 1‰¬± Ú±˝◊√ ø¬ıø1Ì±-˝◊√ﬂ¡1±1 ˜±ÀÊ√-˜±ÀÊ√ ˆ¬„√±› Ú±˝◊√ ˜Ò≈1 ¸À¬Û±Ú/ ‚”ø1 Ù≈¬ø1¬ıÕ˘º ’±ø˝√¬ı±ÀÚ Ó≈¬ø˜ ŒÎ¬› ø√ Ù≈¬ø1 Œ¸Ã ø¸ø√Ú±, Œﬂ¡±Úø√Ú± Ú±Ê√±ÀÚ± ˝“√±ø˝√À1 ’±ﬂ¡±˙ øÊ√øÚ¬ıÕ˘ ∆˙˙ª ¬Û±1 ∆˝√ ˜˝◊√ Î¬±„√1 ˝√íÀ˘± Œﬂ¡±Úø√Ú±∑ ˜˝◊√ Ê√±ÀÚ± Ó≈¬ø˜ Ú±˝√± Œ¸˝◊√ø√Ú±, ø˚ø√Ú± ˜˝◊√ Î¬◊¬Û˘øt ﬂ¡ø1øÂ√À˘± Œ˜±1 ˜1À˜À1 ŒÓ¬±˜±ﬂ¡ Œ˜±1 ¬ı±»¸˘… ˜Ú ¸˘øÚ ∆˝√ÀÂ√, ¬ı±øg 1±ø‡¬ı ŒÚ±ª±ø1À˘± ˜˝◊√ ¸“‰¬±Õﬂ¡À˚˛ Î¬±„√1 ˝√íÀ˘±º ˝√+√˚˛1 ¸“Ê√±Ó¬º ŒÚ Œ¸˝◊√ø√Ú±∑ ø˚ø√Ú± ˜˝◊√ ¬ı≈øÊ√ Î¬◊øÍ¬øÂ√À˘± Œ˜±1 Ê√œªÚ 1n∏X, ﬂv¡±ôL ¬Û‘øÔªœÓ¬ ˜±Ú≈À˝√ ˜±Ú≈˝√ ø˝√‰¬±À¬Û øﬂ¡c Ó¬Ô±ø¬Û› ˜˝◊√ ’±˙±À1 Ê√œ˚˛±˝◊√ Ôﬂ¡±1 ﬂ¡øÍ¬ÚÓ¬±ﬂ¡º ¬ı±È¬ ‰¬±˜ Ó≈¬ø˜ ’˝√±1 ¬ı±À¬ı ŒÚ Œ¸˝◊√ø√Ú±∑ ø˚ø√Ú± ˜˝◊√ ˜±˘± &“øÍ¬˜ ¬Û±ø1Ê√±Ó¬ Ù≈¬˘1 ’Ú≈ˆ¬ª ﬂ¡ø1øÂ√À˘± øﬂ¡Ê√±øÚ¬ı± Ó≈¬ø˜ ’±˝√±º ˜˝◊√ ¸√±À˚˛˝◊√ ø˙q ∆˝√À˚˛˝◊√ Ôﬂ¡±À˝√ÀÓ¬“Ú .../ ≈√‡ Ú±˝◊√, ˆ¬±·1 Ú±˝◊√, ¸À¬Û±ÀÚ± 1‰¬± Ú±˝◊√º 181

○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ˜Ò≈1 ¸øg˚˛±À¬ı±1 ¸˜˚˛1 ˆ¬1 ø˘ø¬Ûﬂ¡± Œ‰¬øÓ¬˚˛± ¬Û1œø¶úÓ¬± ˘±˝√Ú øÎ¬.¤˘.¤Î¬. õ∂Ô˜ ¯∏±∞√¨±ø¸ﬂ¡ õ∂±Mê√Ú õ∂ø˙é¬±Ô«œ, øÎ¬.¤˘.¤Î¬. Œ‡±ÀÊ√ õ∂øÓ¬ ¬ı±ÀÏ¬ˇ øÎ¬¬ıËn∏·Î¬ˇ ø¬ıù´ø¬ı√…±˘˚˛ ’±1n∏ Ú±˝√1ÀÊ√±¬Û±1 Ó¬˘ ¸À¬Û±Ú1 ˆ¬1º ‰¬=˘± Œ˚ÃªÚ ø√Ú-1±øÓ¬ Ó≈¬ø˜, ˜˝◊√ ¸øg˚˛±1 Œﬂ¡±˜˘ Œ¬Û±˝√1Ó¬ øÚÊ√±ÚÓ¬ ﬂ¡Ô± ¤Àﬂ¡˝◊√ ·øÓ¬, ¬Û±ÀÓ¬± ¬ı…ô¶Ó¬± ¸±˜ø1 ‚”À1 ‰¬Sê±ﬂ¡±À1 Ó≈¬ø˜ Œ˚ Œﬂ¡±ª± ø√ÚÀÈ¬±1 ‚È¬Ú±À¬ı±1 ’±1n∏ Œ˜±ﬂ¡ Ê√œªÚ1 ¸≈“øÓ¬º øﬂ¡˜±Ú ˜ÚÓ¬ Œ¬ÛÀ˘±ª±, ’±ﬂ¡±˙Ó¬ qÀª ˜˝◊√ ˝“√±ø˝√ ˜±ø1 ﬂ¡›“ - ˝√˚˛ÀÚ/ ’±“Î¬◊¸œ1 ˜1±ÀÊ√±ÀÚ, Ó≈¬ø˜ ’øˆ¬˜±Ú ﬂ¡1± ‡„√Ó¬ ≈√‰¬ﬂ≈¡Ó¬ øˆ¬1 ﬂ¡À1 Œ¸˝◊√ ’øˆ¬˜±Ú ‰¬±˝◊√ ˆ¬±˘ ˘±À· Œ˜±1 ﬂ≈¡U˜œ˚˛± øÚ˚˛1 ŒÈ¬±¬Û±À˘º Ó≈¬ø˜ ˜˝◊√ Œõ∂˜1 ﬂ¡Ô±À1 Ê√œ¬Û±˘ ﬂ¡À1±, ¸øg˚˛±1 Œﬂ¡øKI◊Ú1 ﬂ¡øÙ¬1 Œ¸±ª±√ ∆˘ ’±˜±1 ’±D± ˜ÚÓ¬ ¬ÛÀ1 ’±øÊ√› ¤˝◊√ é¬ÌÀ¬ı±11 ¸øg˚˛±º ¬Û‘øÔªœ ¬Û1œ ·Õ· øÎ¬.¤˘.¤Î¬. õ∂Ô˜ ¯∏±∞√¨±ø¸ﬂ¡ Œﬂ¡±Ú Ú±1œ1 ’±“‰¬˘Ó¬ ˝“√±ø˝√1 Úœ1ªÓ¬± ∆¬ı Œ˚±ª± ’±À¬ıø˘1 Œ¸±Ì±˘œ ¬Û≈˘ﬂ¡ Ÿ¬Ó≈¬˜Ó¬œ ·±ø·Úœ ·Ò”ø˘ øÂ√øÈ¬øﬂ¡ ¬Ûø1ÀÂ√ ø¬ı¯∏±Mê√ Œ‰¬Ã¬Û±˙1 ¬ıÓ¬±˝√º ¬ı±ø1¯∏±1 Ú√œ1 √À1 ˜±Ê√1±øÓ¬ ‡ø˝√ ¬ÛÀ1 ˜1Ì ﬂ¡±Ó¬1 ¤‡Ú ‰¬˝√1º ﬂ≈¡“ª˘œÀ˚˛ ø·ø˘ÀÂ√ Œ¬ıø˘ÀÈ¬± Ú√œÀ˚˛ Ï¬±øﬂ¡ÀÂ√ ø˙˘À¬ı±1 ‰¬˝√11 Ú«√˜±Ó¬ ¤øÓ¬˚˛± ¸√…Ê√±Ó¬ ø˙qÀ¬ı±1 ﬂ¡í¬ı ¬Û±ø1 ŒÚøﬂ¡ Œ˚ ¤˝◊√‡Ú ’±˜±1 ’±˙±1 ¬Û‘øÔªœº 182

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Uday_DIET Dibrugarh_Annual Magazine_2020-21

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