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Uday_DIET Dibrugarh_Annual Magazine_2020-21

Published by sphukan14, 2021-09-12 04:13:37

Description: Uday_DIET Dibrugarh_Annual Magazine_2020-21

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○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ˆ¬±1Ó¬Ó¬ Œ·±¬ÛÚœ˚˛Ó¬±1 ’øÒﬂ¡±1 – ’±˝◊√Úœ ‘√ø©ÜÀﬂ¡±Ì 1+¬ÛøÊ√» ·Õ· øÎ¬.¤˘.¤Î¬. Ó‘¬Ó¬œ˚˛ ¯∏±∞√¨±ø¸ﬂ¡ ¤·1±ﬂ¡œ ı…øMê√1 ˜˚«±√± ’é≈¬J 1±ø‡¬ıÕ˘ ¬ı…øMê√·Ó¬ ¸—‡…± ø√Úﬂ¡ ø√ÀÚ ¬ı‘øX ¬Û±˝◊√ÀÂ√º ˜í¬ı±˝◊√˘ Ù¬íÚ1 ˜±Ò…À˜À1 Ú±1œ1 Œ·±¬ÛÚœ˚˛Ó¬± ¸≈1øé¬Ó¬ ˝í√¬ı ˘±À·, ﬂ¡±1Ì ¬ı…øMê√1 ˜˚«±√±, ¸˜Ó¬± ¬ı…øMê√·Ó¬ øÚ1±¬ÛM√± ’±øÊ√ ˆ¬±¬ı≈øﬂ¡1 ¸ij≈‡œÚ ∆˝√ÀÂ√º ‰¬íø‰¬À˚˛˘ ’±1n∏ ¶§±ÒœÚÓ¬±1 ’±ﬂ¡±—é¬±˝◊√ ˝√í˘ ˆ¬±1Ó¬1 ¸±—ø¬ıÒ±øÚﬂ¡ Œˆ¬øÈ¬1 ø˜øÎ¬˚˛±1 ’¬Ûõ∂À˚˛±· ﬂ¡ø1 Ú±1œﬂ¡ õ∂Ó¬±1Ì± ﬂ¡1±, ’˙°œ˘ Â√ø¬ı, ˜”˘ ô¶yº ’˙°œ˘ øˆ¬øÎ¬’í ˝◊√KI◊±1ÀÚÈ¬Ó¬ ¤ø1 ø√˚˛± ‚È¬Ú± ’˝√1˝√ ‚øÈ¬¬ıÕ˘ Œ·±¬ÛÚœ˚˛Ó¬± ¬ı≈ø˘ ﬂ¡íÀ˘ ’±ø˜ ﬂ¡í¬ı ¬Û±À1± Œ˚ Œﬂ¡±ÀÚ± Òø1ÀÂ√º ¤ÀÚ Œﬂ¡Ó¬À¬ı±1 ø¬ı¯∏˚˛1 ¬ı±À¬ı ¬ıÓ«¬˜±Ú ¸˜˚˛Ó¬ Ó¬Ô…1 ¬ı…øMê ¬ı± Œ·±á¬œ1 øﬂ¡Â≈√˜±Ú ¸—À¬ı√Ú˙œ˘ ø¬ı¯∏˚˛º ’Ô«±» øÚÊ√1 Œ·±¬ÛÚœ˚˛Ó¬± øÚÓ¬±ôL˝◊√ õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Úœ˚˛ ∆˝√ Î¬◊øÍ¬ÀÂ√º ¸•ÛÀﬂ¡« Ó¬Ô… õ∂ﬂ¡±˙ ﬂ¡1±1 ’øÒﬂ¡±1 ˘±ˆ¬ ﬂ¡1±º Œ·±¬ÛÚœ˚˛Ó¬±1 ø¬ıÓ¬ﬂ«¡ – ø¬ı¯∏˚˛¬ıd øˆ¬iß ¬ı…øMê1 Œé¬SÓ¬ øˆ¬iß ˝í√¬ı ¬Û±À1º ﬂ¡±À1±¬ı±1 ¬ı…øMê·Ó¬ 1954 ‰¬Ú1 ¤˜.ø¬Û. ˙˜«± Œ·±‰¬1Ó¬ ¤‡Ú ’±Í¬Ê√Úœ˚˛± Ó¬Ô… õ∂ﬂ¡±˙ ﬂ¡1±1 ’±·ÀÓ¬ ¸ﬂ¡À˘±Àª ¤È¬± õ∂ùü øÚÊ√Àﬂ¡ ﬂ¡1± ‡G¬ÛœÍ¬ ’±1n∏ 1962 ‰¬Ú1 ‡Î¬ˇﬂ¡ ø¸— Œ·±‰¬1Ó¬ ¤‡Ú Â√˚˛Ê√Úœ˚˛ õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Ú , ¤˝√◊ ø¬ı¯∏˚˛ÀÈ¬± Œﬂ¡ÀÚÒ1ÀÌ Ê√Ú¶§±Ô«1 ˝√Àﬂ¡ õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Ú ‡G¬ÛœÀÍ¬ ¶Û©Ü ˆ¬±¯∏±Ó¬ 1±˚˛ ø√øÂ√˘ Œ˚ ˆ¬±1Ó¬œ˚˛ ¸—ø¬ıÒ±ÀÚ ¬ı± õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Úœ˚˛∑ ˝√◊˚˛±1 ﬂ¡±1Ì ∆˝√ÀÂ√ Ó¬Ô…ÀÈ¬± ø˚˜±Ú ·ˆ¬œ1ˆ¬±Àª ¬ı…øMê√·Ó¬ Œ·±¬ÛÚœ˚˛Ó¬±ﬂ¡ Œ˜Ãø˘ﬂ¡ ’øÒﬂ¡±1 1+À¬Û ¶§œﬂ‘¡øÓ¬ ø√˚˛± ¬ı…øMê·Ó¬ ˝í√¬ı Ó¬±Ó¬Õﬂ¡ Œ¸˝√◊ Ó¬Ô… õ∂ﬂ¡±˙ ﬂ¡1±1 ¬ı±À¬ı Ê√Ú¶§±Ô«ÀÈ¬± Ú±˝◊√º ø¬ÛÀÂ√ ¤˝◊√ 1±˚˛1 ¸—À˙±ÒÚ1 ¬ı±À¬ı 2012 ‰¬ÚÓ¬ ¸À¬ı«±2‰¬ ’øÒﬂ¡ ·ˆ¬œ1 ’±1n∏ &1n∏Q¬Û”Ì« ˝í√¬ı ˘±ø·¬ıº ¬ıÓ¬«˜±Ú ¸˜˚˛Ó¬ Ú…±˚˛±˘˚˛Ó¬ ’±Àª√Ú Ê√ÀÚ±ª± ∆˝√øÂ√˘º ’±√±˘Ó¬Ó¬ Œﬂ¡±ÀÚ± Ú±·ø1ﬂ¡1 øÚÊ√1 ¬Û±ø1¬ı±ø1ﬂ¡ Ê√œªÚ Œ·±¬ÛÀÚ ˝◊√øµ1± ·±gœ ‰¬1ﬂ¡±À1 1975 ‰¬ÚÓ¬ Ê√±1œ ﬂ¡1± 1‡±1 ’øÒﬂ¡±1 ’±1n∏ ·Ì˜±Ò…˜¸˜”˝√1 ¶§±ÒœÚÓ¬±1 ’øÒﬂ¡±11 ˜±Ê√Ó¬ Ê√1n∏1œﬂ¡±˘œÚ ˙±¸Ú ’±øÂ√˘ ˆ¬±1Ó¬1 ·ÌÓ¬±øLaﬂ¡ ’Ú≈á¬±ÚÀ¬ı±1 ˆ¬±1¸±˜… ¬ıÊ√±˝√◊ 1‡±ÀÈ¬± øÚÓ¬±ôL˝√◊ õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Úœ˚˛ ∆˝√ Î¬◊øÍ¬ÀÂ√º ≈√¬ı«˘ ﬂ¡ø1 ∆¶§1Ó¬La ¶ö±¬ÛÚ1 ﬂ≈¡‰¬ﬂ¡±ª±Ê√, Œ¸˝◊√ ø¬ı¯∏À˚˛ 1±Ê√ÕÚøÓ¬ﬂ¡ ’±˝√◊Úœ ‘√ø©ÜÀﬂ¡±Ì – ø¬ıÀ˙°¯∏ﬂ¡ ¸ﬂ¡˘1 ˜±Ê√Ó¬ ø¡Z˜Ó¬ Ú±˝◊√º Î¬◊À~‡À˚±·… Œ˚ ¬ıµœ ø˚À¬ı±1 Ó¬Ô…1 ˘·Ó¬ Ê√Ú¶§±Ô« Ê√øÎ¬ˇÓ¬ Ú˝√˚˛, Œ¸˝√◊ Ó¬Ô…1 õ∂Ó¬…±é¬œﬂ¡1Ì Œ·±‰¬1 (Habeas Corpus) Ú±À˜À1 Ê√Ú±Ê√±Ó¬ ˘·Ó¬ Ê√øÎ¬ˇÓ¬ ¬ı…øMêÀ˚˛ ˚±ÀÓ¬ Œ¸˝√◊ Ó¬Ô…1 õ∂ﬂ¡±˙ ¬ıg ﬂ¡ø1¬ı ¬Û±À1 ¤.øˆ¬.¤˜. Ê√ª˘¬Û≈1 Œ·±‰¬1Ó¬ ‡G¬ÛœÀÍ¬ ¸—‡…±·ø1á¬Ó¬±1 øˆ¬øM√Ó¬ Œ¸˚˛± ¬ı…øMê·Ó¬ Œ·±¬ÛÚœ˚˛Ó¬± ¸•Ûﬂ¡«œ˚˛ ’±˝√◊Ú1 ˜”˘ ˘é¬…º ¤˝√◊ Œﬂ¡±ÀÚ± Œ˜Ãø˘ﬂ¡ ’øÒﬂ¡±1 Ú±Ô±Àﬂ¡, ’±Úøﬂ¡ Ê√œ˚˛±˝◊√ Ôﬂ¡±1 ’±˝√◊Ú ŒÓ¬øÓ¬˚˛±À˝√ õ∂±¸—ø·ﬂ¡ ˝í√¬ı Œ˚øÓ¬˚˛± ’±¬Û≈øÚ Œﬂ¡±ÀÚ± ¬ı…øMê1 ’øÒﬂ¡±À1± ø¬ı˘≈5 ˝√˚˛º ¸≈√œ‚« 40 ¬ıÂ√11 ø¬ÛÂ√Ó¬ ¸À¬ı«±2‰¬ Ú…±˚˛±˘À˚˛ ¬ı…øMê·Ó¬ ¬ı± ’ôL1—· ø¬ı¯∏˚˛, Œ˚ÃÚ Ê√œªÚ, ¬Û±ø1¬ı±ø1ﬂ¡ ¸˜¸…±, øÚÀÊ√˝◊√ øÚÊ√1 ˆ”¬ø˜ﬂ¡±ﬂ¡ ¬Û≈Ú1 ˜”˘…±˚˛Ì ﬂ¡1± ‘√ø©ÜÀ1 ø√˚˛± 2017 ’±øÔ«ﬂ¡ ø¬ı¯∏˚˛ ’Ô¬ı± ŒÓ¬›“1 ¶§±¶ö… ¸•ÛÀﬂ¡« Ó¬Ô… ˝◊√Ó¬…±ø√1 Œ¸˝√◊ ‰¬Ú1 24 ’±·©Ü1 1±˚˛ÀÈ¬± øÚ–¸ÀµÀ˝√ ‹øÓ¬˝√±ø¸ﬂ¡º ¬Û”¬ı«1 ≈√È¬±Õﬂ¡ ¬ı…øMêÊ√Ú1 ’Ú≈˜øÓ¬ ¸±À¬ÛÀé¬À˝√ ¬ı…ª˝√±1 ﬂ¡ø1¬ı ¬Û±ø1¬ıº 1±˚˛ ’¢∂±˝√… ﬂ¡ø1 24 ’±·©Ü1 1±˚˛ÀÈ¬±Ó¬ ÚÊ√Úœ˚˛± ‡G¬ÛœÀÍ¬ ’±˝◊√ÀÚ Ú±·ø1ﬂ¡1 ¬ı…øMê√·Ó¬ Œ·±¬ÛÚœ˚˛Ó¬± ˆ¬—· ﬂ¡1±1 ¸—ø¬ıÒ±Ú1 Ó‘¬Ó¬œ˚˛ ‡G1 ’±˜”˘ ¬Ûø1ªÓ«¬Ú ¸±ÒÚ ﬂ¡ø1À˘ ’±1n∏ Œé¬SÓ¬ ø¬ı‰¬±1 ﬂ¡1±1 ¸≈À˚±· õ∂√±Ú ﬂ¡ø1ÀÂ√º ˝◊√˚˛±1 ¬ı±À¬ı ’±√±˘Ó¬Ó¬ Ú±·ø1ﬂ¡1 ¬ı…øMê√·Ó¬ Œ·±¬ÛÚœ˚˛Ó¬± ø¬ı¯∏˚˛ÀÈ¬± Œ˜Ãø˘ﬂ¡ ’øÒﬂ¡±1 é¬øÓ¬¬Û”1ÀÌ± ˘±ˆ¬ ﬂ¡ø1¬ıº ’ªÀ˙… ˜±Ú˝√ ±øÚ ’±À1±¬Û1 1+À¬Û ¶§œﬂ‘¡øÓ¬ ø√À˘º 1±˚˛ÀÈ¬±Ó¬ Œﬂ¡±ª± ∆˝√ÀÂ√ Œ˚ Ê√œ˚˛±˝◊√ Ôﬂ¡±1 é¬øÓ¬¬Û”1ÌÓ¬Õﬂ¡ ¬ı…øMê√·Ó¬ Œ·±¬ÛÚœ˚˛Ó¬± ˆ¬—·1 é¬øÓ¬¬Û”1Ì ﬂ¡˜ ˝√˚˛º ’øÒﬂ¡±1 ’±1n∏ ¬ı…øMê√·Ó¬ ¶§±ÒœÚÓ¬±1 ’øÒﬂ¡±1 ¸—ø¬ıÒ±Ú1 ¸‘ø©Ü ¤˝◊√ Œ·±‰¬√11 ¸ﬂ¡À˘± ‡1‰¬ ¬Û1±øÊ√Ó¬ ¬Ûé¬1 ¬Û1± ’±√±˚˛ ﬂ¡1± ˝√˚˛º Ú˝√˚˛º ¤˝◊√ ≈√È¬± ˝√í˘ õ∂øÓ¬·1±ﬂ¡œ ¬ı…øMê√1 ˜±Ê√Ó¬ øÚø˝√Ó¬ Ôﬂ¡± ˜±Úªœ˚˛ õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Úœ˚˛Ó¬± – ¸M√±1 ’øˆ¬iß ’—˙, ¸—ø¬ıÒ±ÀÚ ˜±ÀÔ± Ó¬±1 ¶§œﬂ‘¡øÓ¬À˝√ ø√ÀÂ√º ’±√±˘Ó¬1 ’±À√˙ Œ·±¬ÛÚœ˚˛Ó¬± 1é¬±Ó¬ ’øÒﬂ¡ ¸±˜1øÌ – &1n∏Q¬Û”Ì«º øﬂ¡˚˛ÀÚ± Œﬂ¡±ÀÚ± Ó¬Ô… ¤¬ı±1 õ∂ﬂ¡±˙ ∆˝√ Œ˚±ª±1 ¬Û±Â√Ó¬ Œﬂ¡±ÚÀ¬ı±1 ø¬ı¯∏˚˛Ó¬ Ú±·ø1Àﬂ¡ Œ·±¬ÛÚœ˚˛Ó¬± 1‡±1 Ó¬±ﬂ¡ Œ·±¬ÛÚ ﬂ¡1± ﬂ¡øÍ¬Ú, ˚±1 Ù¬˘Ó¬ Ú±·ø1ﬂ¡1 é¬øÓ¬¬Û”1ÌÓ¬Õﬂ¡ ’øÒﬂ¡±1 ¬Û±À˘∑ ¸˝√Ê√ ﬂ¡Ô±Ó¬ ﬂ¡í¬ıÕ˘ ·íÀ˘ ¤øÓ¬˚˛± Ú±·ø1Àﬂ¡ Ó¬Ô…1 õ∂ﬂ¡±˙ ¬ıg ﬂ¡1±ÀÈ¬± ’øÒﬂ¡ õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Úœ˚˛º ¸ﬂ¡À˘± ﬂ¡±˜ øÚÊ√1 ¬ÛÂ√µ ˜ÀÓ¬ ﬂ¡ø1¬ı ¬Û1± ˝í√˘ - ˜ø˝√˘±¸ﬂ¡À˘ ¬ıUÀÓ¬± ·ÌÓ¬±øLaﬂ¡ 1±©Üò1 ˘·ÀÓ¬ ˆ¬±1ÀÓ¬› Œ√˙1 ¸ôL±Ú Ê√ij ø√˚˛±À1 ¬Û1± ·ˆ«¬¬Û±Ó¬ ﬂ¡À1±ª±Õ˘Àﬂ¡, ’ﬂ¡À˘ Ù≈¬1±- ¬ı…øMê√·Ó¬ Ó¬Ô… ¸≈1é¬±1 õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Úœ˚˛Ó¬± ¶§œﬂ¡±1 ﬂ¡ø1ÀÂ√º Ú±·ø1ﬂ¡1 ‰¬ﬂ¡±1 ¬Û1± ˜≈Mê√ ¸˝√¬ı±¸ ﬂ¡1±Õ˘Àﬂ¡ ¸ﬂ¡À˘± õ∂ﬂ¡±11 ¶§±ÒœÚÓ¬±º ¬ı…øMê√·Ó¬ Ó¬Ô… Œ¬ı’±˝◊√Úœˆ¬±À¬ı ø¬ıSêœ ﬂ¡1±1 Ù¬˘Ó¬ Ê√Ú¸±Ò±1Ì1 ’±Úøﬂ¡ ¤øÓ¬˚˛± ˝◊√26±˜‘Ó≈¬… ¬ı1Ì ﬂ¡1±1 ’øÒﬂ¡±À1± ˆ¬±1Ó¬œ˚˛ Ú±·ø1Àﬂ¡ Ó¬Ô… ¸˜”˝√ ¸˝√Ê√˘ˆ¬… ∆˝√ÀÂ√º Ù¬˘Ó¬ ’ø‰¬Ú±ﬂ¡œ Ú•§11 ¬Û1± ’˝√± ˘±ˆ¬ ﬂ¡ø1ÀÂ√º×× Ù¬íÚ õ∂ª=Ú± ﬂ¡ø1 È¬ﬂ¡± ø¬ı‰¬1±, ø¬ıøˆ¬iß Ò1Ì1 Œ˜À‰¬Ê√ ’±ø√1 50

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¬Û±À˘±ø˝√º ¤˝◊√ ’¬Û”¬ı« ’±1n∏ Œ˜±˝√Úœ˚˛ ˚±S± Œ√ø‡¬ıÕ˘ Œ¬Û±ª± ˚±˚˛º Œ˜±1 Ê√œªÚ1 ¬Û±Ó¬Ó¬ ¤ﬂ¡ ¶ú‘øÓ¬ ∆˝√ 1í¬ıº 52

○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ¸± Î¬0 Úµ ø¸— é¬± ¬ı1ﬂ¡˘± » ﬂ¡± 1 ¤Ê√Ú ¸≈√é¬ ’±1é¬œ ø¬ı¯∏˚˛± ø˝√‰¬±À¬Û Î¬0 Úµ ø¸— ¬ı1ﬂ¡˘± ø˚√À1 ¤øÈ¬ ¬Ûø1ø‰¬Ó¬ Ú±˜, ¤·1±ﬂ¡œ ﬂ¡ø¬ı ’±1n∏ ø‰¬ôL±·Ò≈1 Œ˘‡ﬂ¡ ø˝√‰¬±À¬Û› ’¸˜œ˚˛± ¸±ø˝√Ó¬…Ó¬ Î¬0 ¬ı1ﬂ¡˘±1 ¤ﬂ¡ ¸≈ﬂ¡œ˚˛± ’±¸Ú ’±ÀÂ√º õ∂±˚˛ 26 ‡Ú ¢∂Lö ’±1n∏ 18 ‡Ú ﬂ¡ø¬ıÓ¬± ¬Û≈øÔÀ1 ¸±ø˝√Ó¬…1 ¬ÛÔ±1‡ÚÓ¬ ÚÓ≈¬Ú ¬ıœÊ√ Œ1±¬ÛÌ ﬂ¡ø1 ¬Û±Í¬ﬂ¡ﬂ¡ Ú Ú Œ¸±ª±√ ø√¬ıÕ˘ ¸é¬˜ ∆˝√ÀÂ√ Î¬0 ¬ı1ﬂ¡˘±˝◊√º ’¸˜œ˚˛± ë’±Ò≈øÚﬂ¡ ·œÓ¬Ó¬ Ê√±Ó¬œ˚˛ Œõ∂˜ ’±1n∏ ˆ¬øª¯∏…» Œ‰¬Ó¬Ú±í ø¬ı¯∏˚˛Ó¬ ·Àª¯∏Ì± ﬂ¡ø1 Î¬\"√À1È¬ øÎ¬¢∂œ ˘±ˆ¬ ﬂ¡1± Î¬0 ¬ı1ﬂ¡˘±1 õ∂øÓ¬ÀÈ¬± ¸‘ø©Ü1±øÊ√ÀÓ¬˝◊√ Ê√±Ó¬œ˚˛ Œõ∂˜1 Ò±1± õ∂ﬂ¡È¬ ∆˝√ Î¬◊Í¬± Œ√‡± ˚±˚˛º ¸±é¬±»¢∂˝√Ì – Œ˚±À·˙ Ó¬±ª ’±1n∏ ø√˘œ¬Û ·Õ· õ∂ùü – ¤·1±ﬂ¡œ Î¬◊2‰¬ ¬Û√¶ö ’±1é¬œ ø¬ı¯∏˚˛± Œ˝√±ª±1 ø¬ÛÂ√ÀÓ¬± ˜±Úªœ˚˛ ’Ú≈ˆ¬ÀªÀ1 ø¸X Œﬂ¡±˜˘ ˆ¬±ªÚ±À¬ı±1 ’±À¬Û±Ú±1 ¸±ø˝√Ó¬…Ó¬ ø˜˝√ø˘ ∆˝√ ’±ÀÂ√º Œﬂ¡ÀÚÕﬂ¡∑ Î¬0 Úµ ø¸— ¬ı1ﬂ¡˘± – õ∂ÀÓ¬…ﬂ¡ ˜±Ú≈˝√1 ¬ı≈ﬂ≈¡ÀÓ¬˝◊√ ¸≈ﬂ≈¡˜±1 ﬂ¡˘± Ô±Àﬂ¡, ˜±Úªœ˚˛ ’Ú≈ˆ”¬øÓ¬ Ô±Àﬂ¡, ˜±Úªœ˚˛ õ∂˜”˘… Ô±Àﬂ¡, Ê√œªÚÀ¬ı±Ò Ô±Àﬂ¡, 1— Ô±Àﬂ¡º ¬Û‘øÔªœ1 ·ø1˜± ’±1n∏ õ∂øÓ¬˜±1 ø¬ı:±Ú¸ijÓ¬ √˙«Ú1 ∆˙äœﬂ¡ ·ø1˜± ’±1n∏ øÚÓ≈¬˘ 1+¬ÛÀÈ¬± ˜±Ú≈˝√1 ¬ı≈ﬂ≈¡ÀÓ¬ ¬ÛøÓ¬Ó¬ Ô±Àﬂ¡º Œ¸À˚˛À˝√ ˜˝◊√ ˆ¬±Àª± ’±1é¬œ ¸˜±Ê√ Œ¸˝◊√ ¸M√±√ÀÈ¬±1 ¬Û1± ø¬ıø26iß Ú˝√˚˛ ’±1n∏ ’±1é¬œÀ˚˛ ¤ÀÚ øﬂ¡Â≈√ ¬ıd Œ√‡± ¬Û±˚˛ ø˚À¬ı±1 ¸±Ò±1Ì ˜±Ú≈À˝√ Œ√‡± ¬Ú±¬Û±˚˛º ’±1é¬œ1 ¬ı≈ﬂ≈¡1 ˜±Ê√ÀÓ¬± Ô±Àﬂ¡ Œ¸Î¬◊Ê√œ˚˛± ¬ÛÔ±11 ˙¸…1 ¸≈‚Ë±Ì, ˜øµ11 Î¬¬ı±-ﬂ“¡±˝√1 ˙s1 ’±1n∏ ˜øÌﬂ”¡È¬1 ¸≈·øgº ø˚ ˜±Ú≈À˝√ ¸˜±Ê√‡Ú ˆ¬—&1 ﬂ¡ø1¬ı Œ‡±ÀÊ√ ŒÓ¬ÀÚ ˆ¬—&1 ‰¬ø1S1 ø¬ı1n∏ÀX Œ˜±1 ¤È¬± ø¬ıÀ^±˝√ ’±ÀÂ√ ’±1n∏ ¤˝◊√ ø¬ıÀ^±˝√ÀÈ¬± Œ˜±1 Œﬂ¡±˜˘ ¬ı≈ﬂ≈¡‡Ú1 ¬Û1±˝◊√ Ê√±·‘Ó¬ ˝√˚˛º ˜˝◊√ Ê√±ÀÚ± Œ˚ ¤˝◊√ ‡±ﬂ¡œ Œ¬Û±‰¬±ﬂ¡À˚±À1 ¤ø√Ú Œ˜±ﬂ¡ ¤ø1 ∆Ô ˚±¬ı øﬂ¡c Œ¸˝◊√ ¸˜±Ê√‡Ú, Œ¸˝◊√ ﬂ¡˘˜ÀÈ¬±Àª ’±1n∏ Œ¸˝◊√ ¬ÛÔ±1‡ÀÚ Œ˜±ﬂ¡ ¤ø1 ∆Ô Ú±˚±˚˛ , ¤Àﬂ¡√À1 Ú±˜‚11 Î¬¬ı±-ﬂ“¡±˝√1 ˙s ’±1n∏ ˜øÌﬂ”¡È¬1 ˆ¬±·ªÓ¬1 ¸≈·øg õ∂√œ¬Û1 ŒÊ√…±øÓ¬À˚˛ Œ˜±ﬂ¡ ¤ø1 ∆Ô Ú±˚±˚˛º Œ¸À˚˛À˝√ ˜˝◊√ ¸≈ﬂ≈¡˜±1 Ê√œªÚÀ¬ı±Ò1 ∆¸ÀÓ¬ ·øÏ¬ˇ Ó≈¬ø˘ÀÂ√± Œ˜±1 ’±1é¬œ1 ˝√+√˚˛‡Úº õ∂ùü – ﬂ¡Ó«¬¬ı… ’±1n∏ √±ø˚˛Q ¬Û±˘Ú ﬂ¡À1±ÀÓ¬ ’±¬Û≈øÚ ’À˘‡ ‚È¬Ú± ’±1n∏ ¬Ûø1ø¶öøÓ¬1 ˜≈‡±˜≈ø‡ ˝√í¬ı˘·œ˚˛± ˝√˚˛º Œ¸˝◊√À¬ı±1 Œ˘‡±1 ¸˜˘ ∆˝√ ’±À¬Û±Ú±ﬂ¡ õ∂ˆ¬±øªÓ¬ ﬂ¡À1 ŒÚøﬂ¡∑ Î¬0 Úµ ø¸— ¬ı1ﬂ¡˘± – ˝√˚˛, øÚ(˚˛º Œ˚øÓ¬˚˛± ˜˝◊√ ¤È¬± ¸˜¸…±1 ¸ij≈‡œÚ ˝√›“ ŒÓ¬øÓ¬˚˛± ÚÓ≈¬Ú ÚÓ≈¬Ú ’øˆ¬:Ó¬±˝◊√ Œ˜±ﬂ¡ ÚÓ≈¬Ú ÚÓ≈¬Ú ø‰¬ôL±- Œ‰¬Ó¬Ú±1 ≈√ª±1 ‡≈ø˘ ø√À˚˛ ’±1n∏ Œ¸˝◊√ ’øˆ¬:Ó¬±À¬ı±1 ¬ı± ‚È¬Ú± õ∂¬ı±˝√À¬ı±1ﬂ¡ ˜˝◊√ ’Ú… ˜±Ú≈˝√1 ‰¬ﬂ≈¡Õ˘, ’Ú… ˜±Ú≈˝√1 ˝√+√˚˛Õ˘, ’Ú… ˜±Ú≈˝√1 ˜·Ê≈√Õ˘ õ∂¸±ø1Ó¬ ﬂ¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ Œ‰¬©Ü± ﬂ¡À1±º ˚ø√ ˆ¬±˘ ˝√˚˛ ŒÓ¬ÀôL ¸˜±Ê√ ¤‡Ú ≈√1ôL ·øÓ¬Ó¬ ¬Ûø1Ò±øªÓ¬ ˝√í¬ı1 ﬂ¡±1ÀÌ Œ˜±1 ﬂ¡˘˜ÀÈ¬±Àª Œ‰¬©Ü± ﬂ¡À1º ¤˝◊√À¬ı±1 ﬂ¡Ô± ø˘ø‡ ˜±Ú≈˝√ﬂ¡ Ê√ÀÚ±ª± ˝√˚˛, ’±1n∏ ˚ø√ Œ¸˝◊√À¬ı±1 Œ¬ı˚˛± ˝√˚˛ ŒÓ¬øÓ¬˚˛±› Œ˜±1 ﬂ¡˘˜ÀÈ¬±Àª ≈√1ôL ·øÓ¬À1 Ó¬±1 Ú¤ûÔ«ﬂ¡ ø√˙ÀÈ¬±ﬂ¡ õ∂øÓ¬Ù¬ø˘Ó¬ ﬂ¡ø1¬ı1 ﬂ¡±1ÀÌ Œ‰¬©Ü± ﬂ¡À1 ˚±ÀÓ¬ ¸˜±Ê√1 Œ¬Û±˝√1Ó¬ Ôﬂ¡± ˜±Ú≈˝√ø‡øÚÀ˚˛ ¤g±1Ó¬ Ôﬂ¡± ˜±Ú≈˝√ø‡øÚﬂ¡ ¬Û1±øÊ√Ó¬ ﬂ¡ø1¬ı1 ﬂ¡±1ÀÌ Œ¸˝◊√ Ú¤ûÔ«ﬂ¡ ﬂ¡Ô±ø¬ı˘±ﬂ¡ﬂ¡ ¬ı≈Ê√±¬ı1 ﬂ¡±1ÀÌ Œ‰¬©Ü± ﬂ¡ø1¬ı ¬Û±À1º ¤˝◊√ ø¬ıˆ¬±·ÀÈ¬±Ó¬ ¤È¬± √±ø˚˛Q˙œ˘ ¬Û√Ó¬ Ôﬂ¡±1 ﬂ¡±1ÀÌ ¸˜±Ê√1 ¶Û˙«ﬂ¡±Ó¬1 øﬂ¡Â≈√˜±Ú ø¬ı¯∏˚˛ Ó≈¬ø˘ ’±øÚ¬ı1 ﬂ¡±1ÀÌ Œ¸˝◊√ Œ‰¬©Ü± ﬂ¡ø1ÀÂ√± ’±1n∏ ¤˝◊√À¬ı±1 ˜≈‡±˜≈ø‡ Œ˝√±ª±Ó¬ Œ˜±ﬂ¡ ¸˝√±˚˛ ﬂ¡ø1ÀÂ√º õ∂ùü – ’±À¬Û±Ú±1 ¤‡Ú Ê√Úøõ∂˚˛ ¢∂Lö ë’±˝◊√1 ø¬ıÀ˙¯∏… ¸¬ı«Ú±˜íÓ¬ ’±À¬Û±Ú±1 ¬ıÌ«˜˚˛ ∆˙˙ª1 ø¬ı¯∏À˚˛ ¬ıÌ«Ú± ’±ÀÂ√º ’±À¬Û±Ú±1 ∆˙˙ª1 ø¬ı¯∏À˚˛ ’ﬂ¡Ú˜±Ú ﬂ¡í¬ı ŒÚøﬂ¡∑ 53

○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ Î¬0 Úµ ø¸— ¬ı1ﬂ¡˘± – Œ˜±1 ’±˝◊√1 ˜‘Ó≈¬…1 Â√˚˛ ø√Ú1 øˆ¬Ó¬1Ó¬ õ∂ùü – ﬂ¡Ó«¬¬ı…1 ¸˜˚˛Ó¬ ’±1n∏ Œ˘‡±1 ¸˜˚˛Ó¬ ’±¬Û≈øÚ ﬂ¡±1 ›‰¬1Ó¬ ø˘‡± øﬂ¡Ó¬±¬Û ’±øÂ√˘ ë’±˝◊√1 ø¬ıÀ˙¯∏… ¸¬ı«Ú±˜ºí Œ¸˝◊√ ¢∂Lö‡ÚÓ¬ ˜˝◊√ ø˚À¬ı±1 ﬂ¡Ô± ø˘ø‡ÀÂ√±, Œ˜±1 Ê√œªÚ1 ˘·Ó¬ ¸—˚≈Mê√ ∆˝√ ’±ÀÂ√º √±˚˛¬ıX ∆˝√ Ô±Àﬂ¡∑ ¸1n∏ÀÓ¬ Œﬂ¡ÀÚÒ1Ì1 ’Ó¬…±‰¬±11 ∆¸ÀÓ¬ ˜˝◊√ Ê√œªÚ øÚ¬ı«±˝√ ﬂ¡ø1ÀÂ√±, Œﬂ¡ÀÚ√À1 ˜˝◊√ ø˙é¬± ¢∂˝√Ì ﬂ¡ø1ÀÂ√±, ø˙é¬± ¢∂˝√Ì ﬂ¡À1±ÀÓ¬ øﬂ¡ øﬂ¡ Î¬0 Úµ ø¸— ¬ı1ﬂ¡˘± – ﬂ¡Ó«¬¬ı…1 ¸˜˚˛Ó¬ ˜˝◊√ ¸˜±Ê√ ’±1n∏ Ê√ÚÓ¬±1 õ∂Ó¬…±˝3√±ÀÚ Œ˜±ﬂ¡ ŒÊ√±“ﬂ¡±ø1 ’±øÂ√˘ ’±1n∏ Œ¸˝◊√ õ∂Ó¬…±˝3√±ÚÀ¬ı±1ﬂ¡ ›‰¬1Ó¬ √±˚˛¬ıX ∆˝√ Ô±Àﬂ¡±º ¸˜±Ê√ ¸≈‰¬±1n∏1+À¬Û ¬Ûø1‰¬±ø˘Ó¬ ˝√í¬ı Œﬂ¡ÀÚÕﬂ¡ ’±˝3√±ÚÕ˘ 1+¬Û±ôL1 ﬂ¡ø1 ˜˝◊√ ˜±Ú≈˝√1 ¬Û‘øÔªœÓ¬ Œ‡±Ê√ ˘±ø·¬ı, ¸˜±Ê√Ó¬ ˙±ôL¬ı±√1 ˜Ú ¸‘ø©Ü ﬂ¡ø1¬ı ˘±ø·¬ı ’±1n∏ ﬂ¡Ó«¬¬ı…Ó¬ ﬂ¡±øÏ¬ˇ¬ı ¬Û±À1±, Œ¸˝◊√ ‘√ø©Üˆ¬—·œ ¤È¬± ˜˝◊√ ∆˙˙ªÀÓ¬ ˘±ˆ¬ ﬂ¡ø1ÀÂ√±º Œ˚øÓ¬˚˛± ˜˝◊√ Ú±Ô±Àﬂ¡± ŒÓ¬øÓ¬˚˛±› ˜˝◊√ ¸˜±Ê√1 ›‰¬1Ó¬ √±˚˛¬ıX, ˝◊√˚˛±Ó¬ ¸˝√±˚˛ ﬂ¡ø1øÂ√˘ Œ˜±1 Œ√Î¬◊Ó¬±, Œ˜±1 ’±˝◊√, ˚±1 ˝√±Ó¬Ó¬ Òø1 Œ˜±1 ˆ¬±¯∏±1 ›‰¬1Ó¬ √±˚˛¬ıX ’±1n∏ Œ˜±1 ¸—¶‘®øÓ¬1 ›‰¬1Ó¬ √±˚˛¬ıXº ˜˝◊√ ¬ÛÔ±1Õ˘ ∆·øÂ√À˘±, Ú±˜‚1Õ˘ ∆·øÂ√À˘±, Œ˜˘± ’±1n∏ Î¬◊»¸ª ˆ¬±¯∏±, ˜±øÈ¬, ¸—¶‘®øÓ¬1 Œ¸Ãµ˚«À1 ‘√ø©ÜÚµÚ Ú±µøÚﬂ¡ Œ‰¬Ó¬Ú± ‰¬±¬ıÕ˘ ∆·øÂ√À˘±º Œ√Î¬◊Ó¬±˝◊√ ’ÀÚﬂ¡ ·Â√1 ∆¸ÀÓ¬ Œ˜±ﬂ¡ ø‰¬Ú±ﬂ¡œ ¤È¬±À1 Â√Àµ±¬ıX ﬂ¡ø1¬ı1 ﬂ¡±1ÀÌ Â√±Àµ±ø¸ﬂ¡ õ∂˚˛±¸ﬂ¡Ó¬±ﬂ¡ Œ˜±1 ﬂ¡1±˝◊√ ø√øÂ√˘ ø˚À¬ı±1 ¬Û‘øÔªœ1 ¬Û1± Sê˜˙– Ú±˝◊√ﬂ¡œ˚˛± ∆˝√ ∆·ÀÂº ¬ı≈ﬂ≈¡1 ˜±Ê√Ó¬ ŒÓ¬±À˘± ’±1n∏ Œ¸˝◊√ Â√Àµ±ø¸ﬂ¡ õ∂˚˛±¸1 ø˚ÀÈ¬± Œ√±˘Ú, ë’±˝◊√1 ø¬ıÀ˙¯∏… ¸¬ı«Ú±˜í, ëŒ˜±1 Ê√Ú˜ˆ”¬ø˜í ¬ı1ﬂ¡˘±1 ›¬Û1ÀÓ¬˝◊√ ¤˝◊√ Œ√±˘ÚÀÈ¬±À1 Œ˜±ﬂ¡ ˜±Ú≈˝√1 ¡¬Û1± ˜±Ú≈˝√1 ˜±Ê√Õ˘ ∆˘ ˚±˚˛º ˜”˘Ó¬– ø˘‡±º ’¸˜œ˚˛± ø˙‡ ¸ﬂ¡˘1 Œ¬ı√Ú±, Ê√œªÚÒ±1Ì± øÚÀÓ¬Ã ‚øÈ¬ Ôﬂ¡± õ∂±ﬂ‘¡øÓ¬ﬂ¡ ‚È¬Ú±ø¬ı˘±ﬂ¡ﬂ¡ ’Ú≈Ò±ªÚ ﬂ¡ø1 ˜˝◊√ ¤È¬± ø˚¸ﬂ¡À˘ øÚÊ√1 ø¬ÛÓ‘¬¬Û≈1n∏¯∏1 ˆ¬±¯∏±ﬂ¡ ¸˜≈˘À= ¬Û±˝√ø1 ¤È¬± ¸Ó¬…Ó¬ Î¬◊¬ÛÚœÓ¬ ˝√›“ Œ˚ ¤ﬂ¡ ˜±øÈ¬1 ø¬ı1˘ ˙øMê√À˚˛ Ó¬±ﬂ¡ õ∂√˙«Ú ¸—¶‘®øÓ¬Ó¬ ¸•Û”Ì«1+À¬Û Ê√±˝√ ·í˘ Ó¬±À1˝◊√ ø¬ıª1Ì ë’±˝◊√1 ø¬ıÀ˙¯∏… ﬂ¡ø1¬ı1 ﬂ¡±1ÀÌ øÚÀÓ¬Ã ¤ﬂ¡ ’ÚôL ˙øMê√À˚˛ Ê√±¢∂Ó¬ Œ‰¬Ó¬Ú±À1 ¤ﬂ¡ ¸¬ı«Ú±˜ºí ø¬ı:±Ú¸ijÓ¬ ‘√ø©Üˆ¬—·œ ’±˜±1 ‰¬ﬂ≈¡1 ’±·Ó¬ Ó≈¬ø˘ ∆˘ ’±À˝√ ’±1n∏ õ∂ùü – ’±¬Û≈øÚ ¸•Û±√Ú± ﬂ¡1± ¤‡Ú ¢∂Lö1 Ú±˜ ˝√í˘ ë’¸˜œ˚˛± Œ¸˝◊√ ø¬ı:±Ú¸ijÓ¬ ‘√ø©Üˆ¬—·œÀﬂ¡± ˜˝◊√ ˜±øÈ¬1 ∆¸ÀÓ¬ Ê√œ˚˛±˝◊√ 1±ø‡¬ıÕ˘ Œ‰¬©Ü± ﬂ¡À1±º ø˙‡ – Œ¬ı√Ú±1 √ô¶±À¬ıÊ√ºí Œ¬ı√Ú±1 √ô¶±À¬ıÊ√ ¬ı≈ø˘ øﬂ¡˚˛ ∆ﬂ¡ÀÂ√∑ õ∂ùü – ’±À¬Û±Ú±1 ŒÓ¬Ê√¶§œ Œ˘‡±À¬ı±1 ¬ÛøÏ¬ˇÀ˘ ’±¬Û≈øÚ Œ˚ ’¸˜œ˚˛± ø˙‡¸ﬂ¡˘ Œ¬ı√Ú±À1 ’±Sê±ôL ŒÚøﬂ¡∑ ¤·1±ﬂ¡œ ’±1é¬œ ø¬ı¯∏˚˛± ¤˝◊√ ﬂ¡Ô± ¬Û±˝√ø1 ˚±›“º Œﬂ¡±ÚÊ√Ú1 õ∂ˆ¬±ª Î¬0 Úµ ø¸— ¬ı1ﬂ¡˘± – ’¸˜Ó¬ ø˚˜±ÚÀ¬ı±1 Ê√ÚÀ·±á¬œ ’±ÀÂ√ Œ¸˚˛± Œ¬ıøÂ√ ’±1é¬œ ø¬ı¯∏˚˛± Úµ ø¸— ¬ı1ﬂ¡˘± ŒÚ ¸±ø˝√øÓ¬…ﬂ¡ Úµ ø¸— ˝√˚˛ÀÓ¬± ø˙‡¸ﬂ¡À˘˝◊√ ¤ﬂ¡˜±S ø˚¸ﬂ¡À˘ ¬ı‘˝√M√1 ’¸˜œ˚˛± Ê√±øÓ¬¸M√±1 ¬Û1± ¬Û‘Ôﬂ¡ Œ˝√±ª±1 ¬ı±À¬ı √±¬ıœ ŒÓ¬±˘± Ú±˝◊√º ˝√±Ó¬Ó¬ ¬ı1ﬂ¡˘±∑ ’¶a Ó≈¬ø˘ Œ˘±ª± Ú±˝◊√º ¤›“À˘±ﬂ¡ ¤ﬂ¡˜±S Ê√ÚÀ·±á¬œ ø˚ ’¸˜œ˚˛± ˜±Ú≈À˝√ ø˚ ¬Û±˝◊√ÀÂ√ ŒÓ¬›“À˘±Àﬂ¡ Ó¬±Àﬂ¡ ¬Û±˝◊√ÀÂ√ ¬ı≈ø˘ ¢∂˝√Ì ﬂ¡ø1ÀÂ√º Î¬0 Úµ ø¸— ¬ı1ﬂ¡˘± – ˝√˚˛, ˜˝◊√ ¤˝◊√ ﬂ¡Ô±ÀÈ¬± ˆ¬±˘Õﬂ¡ Ê√±ÀÚ± Œ˚ ≈√ˆ«¬±·…1 ø¬ı¯∏˚˛ ¶§±ÒœÀÚ±M√1 ﬂ¡±˘1 ¬Û1± ˜À˚˛˝◊√ õ∂Ô˜Ê√Ú ’¸˜œ˚˛± ‡±ﬂ¡œ Œ¬Û±Â√±ﬂ¡ Œ˜±1 ˙1œ1Ó¬ Œ¬ıøÂ ¸˜˚˛ Ú±Ô±Àﬂ¡, Œ¸˝◊√ ﬂ¡±1ÀÌ˝◊√ ø˙‡1 ’±1é¬œ ø¬ıˆ¬±·1 1±Ê√¬ÛøSÓ¬ ø¬ı¯∏˚˛± ∆˝√ÀÂ√±º ’±˜±1 ‡±ﬂ¡œ Œ¬Û±Â√±ﬂ¡À˚±1 ŒÓ¬Ê√¶§œ ’±1n∏ ˙øMê√˙±˘œ 1+¬ÛÓ¬ õ∂øÓ¬á¬± ﬂ¡ø1¬ı ¸•x√±˚˛1 ’±˜±1 Ê√±øÓ¬ÀÈ¬±1 ˜Laœ Ú±˝◊√, ¤˜.¤˘.¤. Ú±˝◊√, ’±Úøﬂ¡ Œ‡±ÀÊ√± ˚±ÀÓ¬ Œ˜±1 ¸˜±Ê√‡Ú øÚ1±¬ÛÀ√ Ô±øﬂ¡¬ı ¬Û±À1º ¸˜±Ê√1 øÚﬂ¡±˚˛ øÚ·˜ÀÓ¬± ¤Ê√ÀÚ± ¸√¸… Ú±˝◊√º qøÚ ’±‰¬ø1Ó¬ ˝√í¬ı 1915- ˙±øôL ’±1n∏ øÚ1±¬ÛM√±1 ¬ı±À¬ı ˜˝◊√ ’øÓ¬ √é¬ ’±1n∏ ¶§26À1 ’±1é¬œ1 1926 ‰¬Ú1 øˆ¬Ó¬1Ó¬ ‰¬1ﬂ¡±À1 Ê√±ø1 ﬂ¡1± ˘±˝◊√Ú ø‰¬À©Ü˜1 øˆ¬Ó¬1Ó¬ ﬂ¡±˜ÀÈ¬± ﬂ¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ ˚P ﬂ¡À1±º øﬂ¡Â≈√˜±Ú øÚø«√©Ü ¸—‡…ﬂ¡ ˜±Ú≈À˝√À˝√ ’¸˜œ˚˛± ø˙‡¸ﬂ¡˘ﬂ¡ 1‡± ∆˝√øÂ√˘º ø˚¸ﬂ¡˘ ˜±Ú≈˝√1 Ú±·ø1ﬂ¡Q1 øﬂ¡Â≈√˜±Ú øÚø«√©Ü ﬂ¡±˜ ﬂ¡ø1¬ı ¬Û±À1º ¤Ê√Ú ˜±Ú≈À˝√ Ê√±øÓ¬1 ¬Ûø1ªÓ«¬Ú ›¬Û1Ó¬ ¸Àµ˝√ ›¬ÛøÊ√øÂ√˘ ŒÓ¬ÀÚ ˜±Ú≈˝√ﬂ¡ ˘±˝◊√Ú ø‰¬À©Ü˜1 øˆ¬Ó¬1Ó¬ ﬂ¡ø1¬ı ¬Û±À1 , Î¬◊√±˝√1Ì ¿˜ôL ˙—ﬂ¡1&1n∏, ˜˝√±R± ·±gœ, Œ©ÜÚø˘, 1‡± ∆˝√øÂ√˘º ¬ı‘˝√M√1 ’¸˜œ˚˛± Ê√±øÓ¬ ·Í¬Ú1 ˝◊√øÓ¬˝√±¸Ó¬ ’¸˜œ˚˛± &1n∏Ú±Úﬂ¡, ¤˝◊√¸ﬂ¡˘ ˜˝√±Ú ¬Û≈1n∏¯∏1 Ê√œªÚÀ¬ı±Ò, ˜±Úªœ˚˛ õ∂˜”˘…, ø˙À‡ õ∂±Ì ’±UøÓ¬ ø√ Ê√±øÓ¬ÀÈ¬±1 ·ø1˜± 1é¬± ﬂ¡1±Ó¬ ’ø1˝√Ì± ˜±Úø¸ﬂ¡ Œ¸Ãµ˚«, ’ø˝√—¸± ’±1n∏ ·ÌÓ¬±øLaﬂ¡ Œ‰¬Ó¬Ú± Œ¸˝◊√ Œ˚±·±˝◊√ ’±ø˝√ÀÂ√º ˆ¬±1Ó¬1 ø˚Àﬂ¡±ÀÚ± õ∂±ôL11 ¸˜±Ê√ ø¬ı:±ÚœÀ˚˛ ¸ﬂ¡À˘±À¬ı±1 õ∂øÓ¬ø√ÀÚ˝◊√ Ê≈√øﬂ¡˚˛±˝◊√ ‰¬±›“º ˚ø√ Œﬂ¡øÓ¬˚˛±¬ı± ¸˜i§˚˛, ˆ¬±Ó‘¬QÀ¬ı±Ò ’±1n∏ ¸˝√-’ª¶ö±Ú1 ¬ı±À¬ı ’±Àµ±˘Ú ﬂ¡ø1¬ı˘·œ˚˛± ˝√˚˛ ŒÓ¬ÀôL ŒÓ¬›“À˘±Àﬂ¡ ¬ı1ﬂ¡˘±Õ˘ ’±ø˝√¬ı ø¡ZÓ¬œ˚˛ ﬂ¡Ô±ÀÈ¬± Œ˚øÓ¬˚˛± ˜˝◊√ ﬂ¡Ó«¬¬ı…Ó¬ Ú±Ô±Àﬂ¡± Œ˜±1 ¬Û±À1 ’±1n∏ ¬ı1ﬂ¡˘±1 ø˙‡¸ﬂ¡À˘ ø˚ÀÈ¬± ‘√©Ü±ôL √±ø„√ Òø1ÀÂ√ ˝√˚˛ÀÓ¬± ’ôL11 ’Ú≈ˆ”¬øÓ¬Ó¬ ø˚À¬ı±1 ﬂ¡Ô± õ∂øÓ¬Ù¬ø˘Ó¬ ˝√˚˛, Œ¸˝◊√À¬ı±1Àﬂ¡ ¬Û‘øÔªœÓ¬ ø¬ı1˘º õ∂Ô˜ ¬Û≈1n∏¯∏1 ˜‘Ó≈¬…1 ¬Û±Â√Ó¬ ’±ø˜ ˆ¬±¯∏±, ‡±√…, ﬂ¡˘˜1 1+¬Û ø√›“º Œ˜±1 Ê√œªÚ1 ’±È¬±˝◊√Ó¬Õﬂ¡ Î¬±„√1 Ò±1Ì± ˝√í˘ Ò˜«, Œ¬Û±‰¬±ﬂ¡ Œ˝√1n∏›ª±1 ˘·ÀÓ¬ ¤‡Ú ÚÓ≈¬Ú ¸˜±Ê√1 ∆¸ÀÓ¬ ˜±Ú≈˝√1 ¸˜±Ê√Ó¬ ˜±Ú≈˝√ﬂ¡ ¸Ê√œª ﬂ¡ø1 1±ø‡¬ı1 ﬂ¡±1ÀÌ Œ˜±ﬂ¡ øﬂ¡¬ı± ¬Ûø1ø‰¬Ó¬ ˝√íÀ˘±º ’±ø˜ Œ¬Û±˝√1 ø√À˘±, Î¬◊8˘ ˝√íÀ˘± ’±1n∏ ’±˜±ﬂ¡ ¤È¬± ˝◊√26≈ﬂ¡ ’±ﬂ¡±—é¬±˝◊√ øÚˆ«¬≈˘ ˙øMê√ õ∂√±Ú ﬂ¡À1 Ó¬±1 ¬ı±À¬ı ¸˜±Ê√Ó¬ Œ˚øÓ¬˚˛± ¤·øÂ√ ‰¬±øﬂ¡1 õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Ú ∆˝√øÂ√˘ ’±1n∏ Œ¸˝◊√ ‰¬±øﬂ¡·Â√± Ú±˝◊√ Œ˜±1 ¬ı±ø=Ó¬ ’±R±1 ‰¬±˘-‰¬˘Ú ‚È¬±¬ı ø¬ı‰¬±À1± ’±1n∏ ˝◊√˚˛±1 ﬂ¡±1ÀÌ ¬ı±À¬ı˝◊√ ˜˝◊√ Œ¬ı√Ú±1 √ô¶±À¬ıÊ√ ¬ı≈ø˘ ¢∂Lö‡Ú ¸•Û±√Ú± ﬂ¡ø1ÀÂ√±º ˜˝◊√ ﬂ¡˘À˜À1 ¸±ø˝√Ó¬…1 ˙1œ1Ó¬ õ∂Àª˙ ﬂ¡À1±º õ∂ùü – ’±À¬Û±Ú±1 ¬ı±À¬ı ˜Ò≈1Ó¬˜ ¸˜˚˛ øﬂ¡ ¬ı±1n∏∑ Î¬0 Úµ ø¸— ¬ı1ﬂ¡˘± – ’±ø˝√Ú-’±À‚±Ì ˜±˝√ Œ˜±1 ¬ı±À¬ı ˜Ò≈1Ó¬˜ ¸˜˚˛, ˝◊√ ¬Û‘øÔªœ1 ’±È¬±˝◊√Ó¬Õﬂ¡ ˙øMê√˙±˘œ ˜±˝√º ’±ø˝√Ú ˜±˝√ÀÈ¬±Àª ¬Û‘øÔªœ1 ‡±√…- ˙¸… ¬ı≈ﬂ≈¡Ó¬ Ò±1Ì ﬂ¡ø1 Ô±Àﬂ¡ ’±1n∏ ’±À‚±Ì Œ˜±1 54

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○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ Œ˚ÃªÚ Ù≈¬È¬± ¤ÀÊ√±¬Û± Œ¸±Ì±˘œ ·Â√º ŒÊ√±Ú±ﬂ¡Ó¬ ¬ı≈ﬂ≈¡ Ù≈¬À˘○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ¤g±1Ó¬ Ô±Àﬂ¡ Ú±ø‰¬, Œ˜ÃÚÓ¬±Ó¬ ﬂ¡±˜Ú±1 Ê≈√˝◊√ ’ﬂ¡¬ÛÀÈ¬ ≈√‰¬ﬂ≈¡Àª 1±ø‡ÀÂ√ Ï¬±øﬂ¡º Œõ∂˜1 1±·œ ˜ÀÚ±Ê√ ¬ı1n∏ª± ¬Û≈ÀÌù´1 √±¸ ø¬ı.¤Î¬. Ó‘¬Ó¬œ˚˛ ¯∏±∞√¨±ø¸ﬂ¡ õ∂±Mê√Ú õ∂ø˙é¬±Ô«œ, øÎ¬.¤˘.¤Î¬. Œ˝√Ê√±1 ø¬ıÊ√±1 ’±ø˜ Œ‡ø√¬ı ˘±ø·ÀÂ√± [1] ¸À¬Û±Ú1 Ù≈¬È≈¬ﬂ¡œ ¬Ûø‡˘±, ˝◊√˚˛±Ó¬Õﬂ¡ ’±1n∏ øﬂ¡ ˘±À·∑ Ê√œªÚ ø¬ıø1‡Ó¬ ˘±À· Ê√±ÀÚ± ¶ú‘øÓ¬1 ¸1±¬Û±Ó¬, Œ˙ª±˘œ1 Î¬◊1Ìœ˚˛± ¸≈1øˆ¬, ¸ø1ÀÂ√ ¤ø‡˘± ≈√ø‡˘± º Î¬◊˙±˝√1 ’±˝√-˚±˝√ÀÓ¬˝◊√ ˜1À˝√ ˝√+√˚˛1 ¬Û”√ø˘Ó¬ ˜≈ﬂ≈¡Ó¬± ¸1± ≈√¬ıø1º ’±ø˜ 1ø‰¬ÀÂ√± ˜ÚÓ¬ Œ˝√“¬Û±˝√1 ·±Ú [2] ’À˘‡ ’˚≈Ó¬ &Ì&ÌøÚ, ﬂ¡ø¬ı1 ˙1œ1 ‰≈¬ø˜ ¬ı±·1 ¸˘±˚˛ ’±1n∏ ’“±øﬂ¡ÀÂ± ’±À¬ıø˘1 Œﬂ¡±˜˘ 1í√±ø˘, ˜±Ú¸¬ÛÈ¬Ó¬ ¤˝√◊˚˛± ﬂ¡ø¬ıÓ¬±1 ﬂ¡˘˜ ‰≈¬ø˜ ¬Û±1 ∆˝√ ˚±˚˛ Œ¬Û±ª± ŒÚ±À¬Û±ª±1 ’ø‰¬Ú±øﬂ¡ ﬂ¡¬Û±˝√œ ’±„≈√ø˘º Â√“±˚˛±1 Œ1„√øÚº 1í√ Î≈¬ø¬ıÀ˘˝◊√ Ú±À˜ ﬂ¡Ê√˘± ¤g±1, ≈√‰¬ﬂ≈¡1 ø˜˘ÚÓ¬ ﬂ¡ø¬ı1 ¬ı≈ﬂ≈¡Ó¬ Œõ∂˜1 ŒÊ√±ª±1º [3] Œ˚ÃªÚ Ù≈¬È¬± ¤ÀÊ√±¬Û± Œ¸±Ì±˘œ ·Â√º ŒÊ√±Ú±ﬂ¡Ó¬ ¬ı≈ﬂ≈¡ Ù≈¬À˘ ¤g±1Ó¬ Ô±Àﬂ¡ Ú±ø‰¬, Œ˜ÃÚÓ¬±Ó¬ ﬂ¡±˜Ú±1 Ê≈√˝◊√ ≈√‰¬ﬂ≈¡Àª 1±ø‡ÀÂ√ Ï¬±øﬂ¡º [4] ’±øÊ√ øﬂ¡Â≈√ø√Ú1 ¬Û1± ’±ﬂ¡±˙‡Ú1 ¤øÈ¬ ’ø‰¬Ú Œ1±·º ¬ı≈ﬂ≈¡Ó¬ ﬂ¡¬Û±˝√œ Œ˜‚1 ¸‚Ú ’±˝√-˚±˝√ ‰≈¬¬ı ŒÚ±ª±ø1 ’±ﬂ¡±˙1 ﬂ¡øÍ¬Ú Œ˙±ﬂ¡º [5] Œ˜±1 ˝√+√˚˛ ¬ıÚÓ¬, Œﬂ¡±ÀÚ± ’ø‰¬Ú±øﬂ¡ ¬Ûé¬œ1 ﬂ¡1n∏Ì ø¬ıÚøÚº ﬂ¡“Uª±˝◊√ ‰≈¬¬ı ŒÚ±ª±1± Œ˚Ú ¤‡Ú Ú√œ, ø‰¬1ø√Ú ø‰¬1ﬂ¡±˘ øÚ1ªøÒº 61

○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ˜˝◊√ ˝√œ1n∏√± ˝√í¬ı Œ‡±ÀÊ√± øÚÓ≈¬˘ √M√ ø¬ı.¤Î¬. Ó‘¬Ó¬œ˚˛ ¯∏±∞√¨±ø¸ﬂ¡ ≈√‡1 Œ¸±Ì±˘œ Œ¬Û±‰¬±ﬂ¡ Ú±˘±À· ø¬ıõ≠ª1, Œõ∂˜1 ÚÓ≈¬¬ı± Ú±µøÚﬂ¡ ¬ıU ﬂ¡ø¬ıÓ¬±À1 ø¬ı¯∏˚˛ ˝√˚˛ÀÓ¬± ’õ∂ﬂ¡±ø˙Ó¬ ﬂ¡ø¬ıÓ¬± ¸≈‡1 Ù¬È¬± ﬂ¡±ø˜Ê√ÀÈ¬±Àª˝◊√ ˆ¬±˘ Ó≈¬ø˜, Ó¬Ô±ø¬Û, ¬ıU ø¬ıøÚ^ 1Ê√ÚœÓ¬ ·Ê√± ¸œ˚˛ÚœÓ¬ øÊ√ø˘øﬂ¡ ’±ÀÂ√ Ó≈¬ø˜ ·“Í¬± Œ¸˝◊√ ﬂ¡ø¬ıÓ¬± Ê√±ÀÚ± Ó≈¬ø˜ ¬ı≈øÊ√¬ı±∑ ø‰¬S±˘œ Ù≈¬ﬂ¡Ú ¸À¬Û±Ú¬ı≈˘œ˚˛± é¬ÌÀ¬ı±1º ø¬ı.¤Î¬. õ∂Ô˜ ¯∏±∞√¨±ø¸ﬂ¡ ’±ª1Ì ‡≈ø˘¬ıÕ˘ øÚ˘±Ê√1 √À1 Ú±„√Í¬ ˝√í¬ı ŒÚ±À‡±ÀÊ√± ... ’õ∂ﬂ¡±ø˙Ó¬ ¬ıU ﬂ¡ø¬ıÓ¬± ˝√+√˚˛‡ÚÓ¬ ˆ¬ø1 ’±ÀÂ√ ˙s1 ˙˝◊√‰¬, ’Ú±‘√Ó¬ ’Ô¬ı± ’Ú±ﬂ¡±—øé¬Ó¬ Œ˝√±ª±1 ’±1n∏ Ó≈¬ø˜1 ¬Û1± ’±ø˜ Œ˝√±ª±1 ’Ê≈√˝√±Ó¬Ó¬ q˝◊√ ’±ÀÂ√ ’±˙±¬ı≈˘œ˚˛± ’±ª1ÀÌÀ1º øÚ1Àª øÚÓ¬±À˘ Ô˜øﬂ¡ Œ1±ª± ˝√íÀ˘ ¬Û˘À¬ı±1 &¬Û≈Ó¬ Î¬±À˚˛1œ1 ¬Û±Ó¬Ó¬º ˝√œ√1n∏√±1 √À1 ˝√±Ó¬1 ˜≈øÍ¬Ó¬ 1±ø‡ Î¬◊1n∏ª±À˘± ˝√˚˛ ¶ú‘øÓ¬1 1n∏˜±˘º øÂ√À·± øÂ√À·± Œ˝√±ª± ﬂ¡±ø˜Ê√ÀÈ¬±ÀÓ¬˝◊√ ’±ÀÂ√ Ó≈¬ø˜ ﬂ¡1± ˙s ’±1n∏ Â√µ1 ø‰¬˘±˝◊√ ’±ª1Ì Œˆ¬ø√ Œ¸±˜±˝◊√ ’±À˝√ ŒÙ¬“UÊ√±ø˘˚˛± 1í√Ê√±ﬂ¡º Ó≈¬ø˜ ˚ø√ Œ¸±Ò± Œ¸˝◊√ ﬂ¡ø¬ı1 Ú±˜ ˜˝◊√ ˝√˚˛ÀÓ¬± ﬂ¡í¬ı ˘±ø·¬ı Ó≈¬ø˜ qøÚ¬ı ŒÚ±À‡±Ê√± ¬ıU ¬ı…øMê√1 Ú±˜ ’±1n∏ ¬ıU ˝◊√øÓ¬˝√±¸º õ∂øÓ¬¬ı±√Õ˘ øÚˆ«¬œﬂ¡ ŒÓ¬±˜±1 Ê√±ÀÚ± ’±˝√ø1 ’±ÀÂ√ ’Ô¬ı± ˝◊√26± Œ¸˝◊√ ﬂ¡ø¬ıÓ¬± ¬Û±Í¬Ó¬ ˆ¬±· Œ˘±ª±1∑ ø¬ıõ≠ª1, Œõ∂˜1 ÚÓ≈¬¬ı± Ú±µøÚﬂ¡ ¬ıU ﬂ¡ø¬ıÓ¬±À1 ø¬ı¯∏˚˛ ˝√˚˛ÀÓ¬± Ó≈¬ø˜, Ó¬Ô±ø¬Û, ¬ıU ø¬ıøÚ^ 1Ê√ÚœÓ¬ ·Ê√± Œ¸˝◊√ ﬂ¡ø¬ıÓ¬± Ê√±ÀÚ± Ó≈¬ø˜ ¬ı≈øÊ√¬ı±∑ Ó≈¬ø˜ÀÈ¬± ’±øÊ√ ¶§1ø‰¬Ó¬ ¤øÈ¬ ﬂv¡œª ﬂ¡ø¬ıÓ¬±º 62

○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ Faith revitalizes life Œ˜È¬±˜1Ù¬øÂ√Â√ Jina Moni Upadhaya 1À˜Ú √M√ B.Ed. 1st Semester The long walks make strong triumph õ∂±Mê√Ú õ∂ø˙é¬±Ô«œ, ø¬ı.¤Î¬. The hardest paths make dizzy heights, Life is a colossal rebelling sea Ï¬¬ÛƒÏ¬¬ÛÕﬂ¡ ·1øÊ√ Î¬◊øÍ¬˘ Sê—øSêÈ¬1 Ú±„√˘ÀÈ¬±Àª As well as dazzle illuminating tree; ˆ¬“1±˘1 ·±ÕÒÓ¬ ’±›Ê√±˝◊√ ŒÔ±ª± Life brings unpredictable blocks Œﬂ¡“Àﬂ¡±1± Ú±„√˘ÀÈ¬±Àª Along uncountable aching slots, Œ¸˝◊√ ’±ª±Ê√ÀÓ¬ ˜±ø1À˘ Ó¬±¬Û We often break and fall in the ground 1ÚƒøÊ√Ó¬, ¬ı±˝√±≈√1, øÚ1?Ú, ¬Û≈√˜øÚ To rouse again seems onerous sound; Ú±˜1 Ù≈¬øÈ¬À¬ı±À1 Sê˜˙– To control your self from melancholy ﬂ≈¡øÈ¬ ﬂ≈¡øÈ¬ øÚ–À˙¯∏ ﬂ¡ø1 Œ¬Û˘±À˘ Have to seed the faith of revitality, Ú±øÚ˚˛±, Ê√±ø˝√„√±, ˙í˘À¬Û±Ú±, ˝√±˘ÒÚ˝“√Ó¬ﬂ¡ Believe over oneself is only the cure Ó¬±À˜±˘1 ø¬Ûﬂ¡˜±ø1 Œ¬ı±ﬂ¡±Î¬1± ‰¬±¬ıÕ˘› The impossible tackles resolve forsure; ø¬ÛÓ¬±˝◊√ Ú±˝◊√ ¤øÓ¬˚˛± Today's reality is self centered being ˝√±¬ı±Ô≈ø1 ‡±À˘› ø¬ı‰¬±ø1 Ú±¬Û±›“ We often forget, all are same mortal living, ø¬ÛÓ¬±˝◊√1 ¬ı1À˜±˝√± Î¬◊Í¬± ¬ıøÚ˚˛ÚÀÈ¬±1 Albeit no one is coming forward to see ˜˘„√± Œ·±g You are the only source to revive your glee; qÚ± Ú±¬Û±›“ ¤øÓ¬˚˛± Your ascendancy over pessimism ë1„√±/ ’±Î¬◊‰¬ ‰¬¬Û±/í Also lights up your surrounding's optimism, ë˜≈·±/ “√±øÓ¬ ˘±·/í Trust build slowly over the time ﬂ≈¡1n∏øﬂ¡ ﬂ≈¡1n∏øﬂ¡ ø¬ı‰¬±ø1À˘› Things take time to mend it's totally fine, Ú±¬Û±›“ ¤øÓ¬˚˛± Make a vast move as a lion's soar ø¬ÛÓ¬±˝◊√1 Œﬂ¡Àﬂ“¡±1± Ú±„√˘1 ¸œ1˘≈À1 Your faith will revitalize yourself more and more. øÚ·ø1 ’˝√± ˜Ú ˜Ó¬˘œ˚˛± ﬂ¡1± Œ¸Ã1ˆ¬ ˜Ú-õ∂±Ì Ê√œ¬Û±˘ ﬂ¡1± ¬ı1¯∏≈ÌÊ√±ﬂ¡Ó¬ ¬Û1˙ 63 ¤øÓ¬˚˛± ’±1n∏ ŒÚ±ª±À1± Ô¬ı ﬂ¡Í¬œ˚˛±ˆ¬±1 ﬂ¡±gÓ¬ ∆˘ ŒÓ¬›“ Ú±ø˜ ˚±›“ Œ¸±Ì¬Û±˝√œ1 ¸íÀÓ¬ ˙±›Ú1 ¬ÛÔ±1Î¬1±Õ˘ Œ¬ı±ﬂ¡±Ó¬ Œ˘È¬ ˘í¬ıÕ˘ ... Œ¸±Ì¬Û±˝√œÀ˚˛ ø˘ø˝√ø1 ’±„≈√ø˘À1 ¤Î¬±ø˘ ≈√Î¬±ø˘Õﬂ¡ ˙±›Ú1 ¬ı≈ﬂ≈¡Ó¬ &øÊ√ ˚±˚˛ ˙˝◊√‰¬ 1¸±˘ ﬂ¡ø1 ŒÓ¬±À˘ Œ˜±1 ﬂ¡Èƒ¬øﬂ¡Ú ˝√+√˚˛ Œ¸±Ì¬Û±˝√œ1 ø˘ø˝√ø1 ’±„≈√ø˘1 ¬Û1˙ÀÓ¬ Ù¬øÂ√˘ ∆˝√ ¬Û1± ø¬ÛÓ¬±˝◊√1 ¸À¬Û±ÚÀÈ¬±Àª ¸±1 ¬Û±˝◊√ Î¬◊ÀÍ¬ ﬂ≈¡˜˘œ˚˛± ˙˝◊√‰¬1 √À1 ¸˝√Ê√ Œ¸Î¬◊Ê√œ˚˛± ∆˝√ ...

○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ’Ú… õ∂døÓ¬ ¶§1±Ê√ Ù≈¬ﬂ¡Ú õ∂¬ıMê√± ø˙q˝√“Ó¬1 ﬂ¡±ÌÓ¬ ¬ı±1n∏√ õ∂døÓ¬1 ˙s ø√˚˛± ˝√±Ó¬Ó¬ ø√˚˛± ¬ıµ≈ﬂ¡ Œ¬Û±Ú ¬ı±ÀÈ¬ Ú˝√˚˛ ’±›¬ı±ÀÈ¬ ˚±¬ıÕ˘ ø√˚˛±º ÒÚ ˆ¬1±¬ıÕ˘ Œ˜±Ú± ¤È¬± ø√˚˛± ﬂ≈¡‡…±Ó¬ ˝√í¬ıÕ˘ ¬ÛÏ¬ˇ±˙±ø˘Õ˘ ¬ÛÀÍ¬±ª± ø˙øﬂ¡ ’±˝√ﬂ¡ ’¸≈11 √¬Û«-’˝√—ﬂ¡±11 ˆ¬±¯∏± ø˙øﬂ¡ ’±˝√ﬂ¡ Œ‰¬±1±— ø‰¬ﬂ¡±1œ1 øﬂ¡øÈ¬¬Û-ﬂ¡±˚˛√±º ¸≈ø√Ú Œ˝√“±˝√ﬂ¡±˝√◊ ø˚√À1 ’±ø˝√˘ ≈√ø√«Ú ŒÓ¬ÀÚ√À1 ÒıøÚÀ1 ’±˝√ﬂ¡ ’Ú… õ∂døÓ¬1 ø√Úº ’Ò«˙øÓ¬ﬂ¡± ¬Û±1 ∆˝√ ·í˘ ¤È¬± ˝“√±ø˝√1 ˜±˚˛± ˆ¬±À˘˝√◊ ˝√í˘, ﬂ¡ﬂ¡±À√Î◊¬Ó¬±˝√◊ ŒÚÀ√ø‡À˘ øﬂ¡√À1 øÚ¬Û±Ó¬ ˝√í˘ ˜±øÈ¬1 ˜±ø˘Ó¬± ¸?œª ≈√ª1± ’±˝√◊Ó¬±1 ˝√±Î¬ˇÓ¬ ¬ıÚ ·øÊ√˘ øÎ¬.¤˘.¤Î¬. õ∂Ô˜ ¯∏±∞√¨±ø¸ﬂ¡ ‡≈Ú ∆˝√ ·í˘ øÚ‰≈¬ﬂ¡øÚ ·œÓ¬1 ˘±ø˘Ó¬…º ¤È¬± ˝√“±ø˝√1 ˜±Ê√Ó¬ ˘≈ﬂ¡±˝◊√ Ô±Àﬂ¡ ’˚≈√Ó¬ ˜±˚˛±, ø¬ÛÂ√¬Û1± ·“±›À¬ı±11 ø˙Ó¬±ÀÚ-¬ÛÔ±ÀÚ ˜±˚˛± ’±Úµ1, ˜±˚˛± ¸≈‡1, ˜±˚˛± Â√˘Ú±1, ˜±˚˛± Œõ∂˜1º ¬Ûø1 ’±ÀÂ√ Œ¸˝√◊À¬ı±1 Î◊¬1n∏ø˘-øﬂ¡1œø˘1 ˜‘Ó¬À√˝√º ¤È¬± ˝“√±ø˝√À˚˛ Ò√ı—¸ ﬂ¡ø1¬ı ¬Û±À1 ’À˘‡ ‡„√ﬂ¡, ’±˘¸≈ª± ’øˆ¬˜±Úﬂ¡, ¸∏“±‰¬Ó¬œ˚˛± ˜1˜ﬂ¡º Œ¸˝√◊¬ı±À¬ı Œ˝√ Ê√ÚÚœﬂ≈¡˘ Ê√ÚÚ ¸±˜ø1 ŒÔ±ª± ¤È¬± ˝“√±ø˝√ÀÓ¬ Œõ∂˜Ó¬ ¬ÛÀ1 ﬂ¡Ó¬ Œõ∂ø˜ﬂ¡, ø¬ıﬂ¡˘ ﬂ¡ø1 ø√˚˛± Ê√1±˚˛≈º ﬂ¡ø¬ıÓ¬± 1À‰¬ Î¬◊¬Û‰¬±˝◊√ ¸≈1øˆ¬ Â√µÀ1º ˝“√±ø˝√ÀÓ¬˝◊√ ¶Û©Ü ˝√˚˛ ¬ı…øMê√1 ‰¬ø1S, ˝“√±ø˝√ﬂ¡ Œﬂ¡±ª± ˝√˚˛ √±À¬Û±Ì1 ’ø¬ıø26iß ’—·º ¤È¬± ˝“√±ø˝√ÀÓ¬ ’—øﬂ¡Ó¬ ˝√˚˛ ’±˜±1 ˜ÀÚ±ª¶ö±, ’±ø˜ ¸≈‡œ ŒÚ ≈√‡œ, ’±ø˜ ¸c©Ü ŒÚ ’¸c©Üº ˝“√±ø˝√À1± Ô±Àﬂ¡ ¬ıU ¬ı…±Ô±, ˝“√±ø˝√› ≈√‡œ ˝√˚˛ ø˜Â√±Ó¬ ¬ı…ª˝√+Ó¬ ˝√íÀ˘, ’±¬Û≈øÚ ˝“√±ø˝√¬ı Ê√±øÚ› Ú±˝“√±ø˝√À˘º 64

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○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ’±À˝√±˜¸ﬂ¡˘1 ¬Û1•Û1±·Ó¬ ‰¬ﬂ¡ƒ˘— ø¬ı¬ı±˝√ ø¬ıø¶úÓ¬± ·Õ· øÎ¬.¤˘.¤Î¬. Ó‘¬Ó¬œ˚˛ ¯∏±∞√¨±ø¸ﬂ¡ ’¸˜ ø¬ıøˆ¬iß Ê√±øÓ¬ Ê√ÚÀ·±á¬œ1 ø˜˘Úˆ”¬ø˜º ’±øÊ√1 ¬ı‘˝√M√1 ’¸˜œ˚˛± ¸—¶‘®øÓ¬Õ˘ ’¸˜1 õ∂øÓ¬ÀÈ¬± Ê√±øÓ¬ Ê√ÚÀ·±á¬œ1 ’ª√±Ú ’±ÀÂ√º õ∂ÀÓ¬…ﬂ¡À1 øÚÊ√¶§ øﬂ¡Â≈√˜±Ú 1œøÓ¬-ÚœøÓ¬, ’±‰¬±1-¬ı…ª˝√±1, ¬Û1•Û1± ’±ø√ õ∂‰¬ø˘Ó¬ ∆˝√ ’±ÀÂ√ ø˚À¬ı±À1 ’¸˜œ˚˛± ¸—¶‘®øÓ¬1 ˆ“¬1±˘ ‰¬˝√ﬂ¡œ ﬂ¡ø1ÀÂ√º 1228 ‡Ëœ©Ü±sÓ¬ ‰¬œÚ1 ˚˛≈Ú±Ú õ∂À√˙1 ¬Û1± ’±ø˝√ ¬ı‘˝√M√1 ’¸˜ ·ÀÏ¬ˇ±Ó¬± ’±À˝√±˜ ¸ﬂ¡˘À1± øÚÊ√¶§ ÚœøÓ¬-1œøÓ¬, ’±‰¬±1- ’Ú≈á¬±Ú, ¬Û1•Û1±, ¸—¶‘®øÓ¬ ’±ÀÂ√º Œ˜±1 ¤˝◊√ Œ˘‡±Ó¬ ’±À˝√±˜ ¸•x√±˚˛1 ¤ﬂ¡ ¬Û1•Û1±·Ó¬ ø¬ı¬ı±˝√ õ∂Ô±1 ø¬ı¯∏À˚˛ ‰¬˜≈ ’±ˆ¬±¸ ø√¬ıÕ˘ õ∂˚˛±¸ ﬂ¡ø1ÀÂ√±º ø¬ı¬ı±˝√ ¤ﬂ¡ ¸±˜±øÊ√ﬂ¡ ¬ÛXøÓ¬º ≈√øÈ¬ ’±R±1 ø˜˘Ú1 ’±Ú≈á¬±øÚﬂ¡ ¶§œﬂ‘¡øÓ¬ ˝√í˘ ø¬ı¬ı±˝√ ’Ú≈á¬±Úº ø¬ıøˆ¬iß Ê√±øÓ¬-Ê√ÚÊ√±øÓ¬1 ¬ı±À¬ı ø¬ı¬ı±˝√1 1œøÓ¬-ÚœøÓ¬ ø¬ıøˆ¬iß ˝√˚˛º ’±À˝√±˜¸ﬂ¡˘1 Œ˘±ﬂ¡±‰¬±1 ¬ı± ¬Û1•Û1±1 øˆ¬Ó¬1Ó¬ ø¬ı¬ı±˝√ ¤ﬂ¡ õ∂Ò±Ú ¸—¶®±1 ’±1n∏ ¤ﬂ¡ 1±Ê√ﬂ¡œ˚˛ ﬂ¡±˚«º ¬ı≈1?œÀ˚˛ ¬Û1˙± ’¸˜Ó¬ ¬ı¸¬ı±¸ ﬂ¡1± ’±À˝√±˜ ¸ﬂ¡˘1 ø¬ı¬ı±˝√ ’Ú≈á¬±Ú ’±Ú¸ﬂ¡˘Ó¬Õﬂ¡ ¬Û‘Ôﬂ¡º ¤˝◊√ ø¬ı¬ı±˝√ ¬ÛXøÓ¬ﬂ¡ ‰¬ﬂ¡ƒ˘— ¬ı≈ø˘ Ê√Ú± ˚±˚˛º ¤˝◊√ ‰¬ﬂ¡ƒ˘— ’±À˝√±˜ ¸ﬂ¡˘1 ø¬ıÀ˙¯∏ ∆¬ıø˙©Ü…¬Û”Ì« ∆¬ı¬ı±ø˝√ﬂ¡ õ∂Ô± ˚íÓ¬ ’±À˝√±˜ ¬Û≈À1±ø˝√Ó¬ [Œ√›Ò±˝◊√, ¬ı±˝◊√˘≈—√ ’±1n∏ ˜˝√Ú], ˙±¶a ’±1n∏ È¬±˝◊√ˆ¬±¯∏±1 ˜±Ò…À˜À1 ’Ú≈øá¬Ó¬ ˝√˚˛º ’±ø√ÀÓ¬ ¤˝◊√ ‰¬ﬂ¡ƒ˘— ø¬ı¬ı±˝√ Œﬂ¡ª˘ 1Ê√±‚1œ˚˛± ¬ı± ŒÓ¬ÀÚÒ1Ì1 ’±Ï¬√…¬ıôL ’±À˝√±˜¸ﬂ¡˘1 ˜±Ê√Ó¬ Œ√‡± ∆·øÂ√˘ ˚ø√› ¬ıÓ«¬˜±Ú õ∂±˚˛ ¸ﬂ¡À˘± ’±À˝√±˜ ¸•x√±˚˛1 Œ˘±Àﬂ¡˝◊√ ‰¬ﬂ¡ƒ˘— ’Ú≈øá¬Ó¬ ﬂ¡1± Œ√‡± ˚±˚˛º ’±·ÀÓ¬ ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú±1 ‚1Ó¬ ‰¬ﬂ¡ƒ˘— ’Ú≈øá¬Ó¬ ÚÕ˝√øÂ√˘ ¬ı1= ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú±1 ø¬ÛÓ‘¬À˚˛ ŒÊ√±“ª±˝◊√ ¬ı1Ì1 ¸±˜¢∂œ¸˝√ √1±‚1Õ˘ ∆· ‰¬ﬂ¡ƒ˘— õ∂Ô±À1 ﬂ¡Ú…±√±Ú ﬂ¡ø1øÂ√˘º øﬂ¡c ¬ıÓ«¬˜±Ú ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú±1 ‚1ÀÓ¬ ‰¬ﬂ¡ƒ˘— ’Ú≈øá¬Ó¬ ﬂ¡1± ˝√˚˛º ‰¬ﬂ¡ƒ˘— ø¬ı˚˛±Ó¬ √1± ’±1n∏ ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú±˝◊√ ’±À˝√±˜ 76

○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ¬Û1•Û1±·Ó¬ ¸±Ê√¬Û±1 ø¬ÛÀgº √1±˝◊√ ﬂ≈¡Ó«¬± ’±1n∏ Ò≈Ó¬œ1 ∆¸ÀÓ¬ ŒÓ¬˘ ø√˚˛±1 øÚ˚˛˜º ˝◊√˚˛±1 ¬Û±Â√Ó¬ ﬂ¡˘1 Ï¬ﬂ≈¡ª±À1 Œ˜ø1˚˛±˝◊√ ‰¬±ø1È¬± ˜”1Ó¬ ¤È¬± ¬Û±&1œ ˜±À1 ’±1n∏ Œ√˝√1 ›¬Û11 ’—˙ ¤‡Ú ¬ı“±˝√1 ‡≈È¬± ¬Û≈øÓ¬ Œ¬ı˝◊√ ¸Ê√± ˝√˚˛º Ó¬±1 ›¬Û1Ó¬ Ó¬±˜≈˘œ ¬Ûœ1± ¬Û±ø1 Œ‰¬À˘À„√À1 ’±ªø1 ø¬ÛÀg, ø˚À¬ı±1 ˜≈·±À1 ¬ı± ¬Û±ÀÈ¬À1 Œ¬ı±ª± ˝√˚˛º ·± Ò≈¬ıÕ˘ ø√À˚˛º ø¬ıù´±¸˜ÀÓ¬, Œ¬ı˝◊√1 ˜±øÈ¬1 Ó¬˘Ó¬ ¬ı±ø˝√11 ˆ”¬Ó¬ ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú±˝◊√ Œ˜À‡˘± [Ù¬±-øÂ√Ú], ø1˝√± [Ù¬±-Î¬±˝◊√], ˝√±Ó¬ √œ‚˘ ‰¬±È«¬, Œõ∂ÀÓ¬ Ú±¬Û±¬ıÕ˘ ¤È¬± ﬂ¡Ìœ, ¤À˚±1 ¬Û±Ì-Ó¬±À˜±˘ ’±1n∏ ¤È¬± ˚±ﬂ¡ ¬ıv±Î¬◊Ê√1 √À1 ¬ı…ª˝√±1 ﬂ¡À1 [Ù¬±-‰≈¬], ˜”1Ó¬ ¤ﬂ¡ ¬Û±&1œ [Ù¬±- Œ¬ıøÊ√ ¬Û≈øÓ¬ Ô˚˛º ŒÚ±ª±¬ı1 ¬ı±À¬ı ¬Û±Úœ ŒÓ¬±˘± ˝√˚˛º ¬Û±Úœ Ó≈¬ø˘ 1n∏] ˜±À1 ’±1n∏ Œ‰¬À˘— [Ù¬±-˘≈—] ˘˚˛º øﬂ¡Â≈√˜±ÀÚ Œ˜À‡˘± ‰¬±√À1± ’±øÚ õ∂ÔÀ˜ ‚11 ¸ij≈‡1 Â√±˘Ó¬ ’˘¬Û ’˘¬ÛÕﬂ¡ øÓ¬øÚ¬ı±1 Ï¬±ø˘ ø¬ÛÀg ˚ø√› ˜”1Ó¬ ¬Û±&1œÀÈ¬± ˜±À1º ø√À˚˛º √1±-ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú±1 ¸ij≈‡Ó¬ ≈√˘1œ, ﬂ¡˘‰¬œ, ¬ıÚÙ¬±˝◊√À1 ∆¸ÀÓ¬ 1‡± È¬±˝◊√ ’±À˝√±˜¸ﬂ¡˘1 ÙË¬±-˘≈— Ò˜« øÚ˚˛˜ ’Ú≈¸ø1 õ∂±‰¬œÚ ˝√˚º˛ ¬Û≈øÔ ˘±˝◊√-ø˘Ó¬-˘±—√-U˘-Ù¬±Ó¬ Î¬◊À~‡ ﬂ¡1± ˜ÀÓ¬ ¤˝◊√ ’Ú≈á¬±Ú ø¬ı¬ı±˝√1 õ∂Ô˜ ø√Ú± ø1ﬂ¡ƒ‡±√Ú ¬Û1•Û1± ¬Û±˘Ú ﬂ¡1± ˝√˚˛º ¬Û±˘Ú ﬂ¡1± ˝√˚˛º ’±À˝√±˜ ˆ¬±¯∏±Ó¬ ‰¬ﬂƒ¡˘„√1 ’Ô« ˝√í˘ ë‰¬í ˜±ÀÚ ëø1ﬂ¡í1 ’Ô« ˜Ó¬± ¬ı± øÚ˜LaÌ Ê√ÀÚ±ª± ’±1n∏ ë‡±√Úí ˙s1 ’Ô« ˝√í˘ À˚±1± ˘À·±ª± ’±1n∏ ëﬂv¡„√í ˜±ÀÚ ¬Û”Ê√±º ‰¬ﬂƒ¡˘— ’Ú≈á¬±ÚÓ¬ √œ‚« Ê√œªÚº ¤˝◊√ ¬Û1•Û1±Ó¬ øÓ¬øÚÊ√Ú ˜-˘≈„√1 Ê√ø1˚˛ÀÓ¬ ¬Û≈‡≈1œ1 ’±À˝√±˜¸ﬂ¡˘1 ø¬ÛÓ‘¬¬Û≈1n∏¯∏ Œ˘—√Ú1 ’±˙œ¯∏ ø¬ı‰¬1± ˝√˚˛º ¬Û”¬ı«ÀÓ¬ ¬Û±1Ó¬ ¬Û±Úœ1 Œ√ªÓ¬± ‡±›‡±˜ﬂ¡ ¬Û”Ê√± ﬂ¡À1º ¤˝◊√ ¬Û”Ê√±Ó¬ ¬Û±Ú- ¸±ø√Úœ˚˛±, Ú-ø√Úœ˚˛±Õﬂ¡ ¤˝◊√ ’Ú≈á¬±Ú ﬂ¡1± ∆˝√øÂ√˘ ˚ø√› ø¬ÛÂ√Õ˘ Ó¬±À˜±˘, ﬂ≈¡ﬂ≈¡1± ﬂ¡Ìœ, ˆ¬±Ó¬ ’±1n∏ ø¬ıøˆ¬iß Ò1Ì1 ¬ıd ø√À˚˛º ‰¬ﬂƒ¡˘— ø¬ı¬ı±˝√ ˜≈‡…Ó¬ øÓ¬øÚø√Úœ˚˛±Õﬂ¡ ’±À˚˛±Ê√Ú ﬂ¡1± ˝√˚˛º ˜”˘ ¸±Ò±1ÌÀÓ¬ ¬Û”Ê√± ﬂ¡ø1 √1±-ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú±1 √œ‚«±˚˛≈ Ê√œªÚ ﬂ¡±˜Ú± ﬂ¡ø1 ø¬ı¬ı±˝√ Ó‘¬Ó¬œ˚˛ ø√Ú± ’Ú≈øá¬Ó¬ ˝√˚˛º Ó‘¬Ó¬œ˚˛ ø√Ú± ˜”˘ ‰¬ﬂƒ¡˘— ﬂ¡1±1 ¤˝◊√ øÚ˚˛˜ ﬂ¡1± ˝√˚˛º ¬Û”Ê√± ﬂ¡1±1 ’ôLÓ¬ Ê√±Õﬂ¡À1 øÓ¬øÚ¬ı±1 ¬Û±ÚœÓ¬ ¬Û”À¬ı« õ∂Ô˜ ≈√ø√Ú ø¬ıøˆ¬iß 1œøÓ¬-ÚœøÓ¬ ﬂ¡ø1 Œ˘±ª± ˝√˚˛º ŒÈ¬Àﬂ¡ø˘ ‰¬ø¬ı˚˛±˝◊√ Ó¬±Ó¬ ø˚ ˜±Â√ Î¬◊ÀÍ¬ Œ¸˚˛± ﬂ¡˘¬Û±Ó¬Ó¬ ˆ¬±˘√À1 ∆Ô √1± ø√˚˛±, ŒÊ√±À1±Ì, ŒÚ±ªÚœ ’±ø√Àﬂ¡ Òø1 õ∂±˚˛ 20 È¬± øÚ˚˛˜1 ˜±ÀÊ√À1 ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú±1 ˜”1Ó¬ ∆Ô õ∂±Ô«Ú± ﬂ¡À1 ’±1n∏ ø¬ÛÂ√ø√Ú± 1±øÓ¬¬Û≈ª± ¤˝◊√ ø¬ı¬ı±˝√ ¸•Ûiß ˝√˚˛º ¤˝◊√ ø¬ı¬ı±˝√1 Œﬂ¡˝◊√È¬˜±Ú øÚ˚˛˜ Ô”˘˜”˘Õﬂ¡ Œ√±ﬂ¡À˜±ﬂ¡±ø˘ÀÓ¬ 1±øg √1± ¬ı± ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú±ﬂ¡ Ú±˜˜±S ‡≈›ª± ˝√˚˛º ’±À˘±‰¬Ú± ﬂ¡1± ∆˝√ÀÂ√º ‰¬±›ª±Ú ø¬ı¬ı±˝√ ø¡ZÓ¬œ˚˛ ø√Ú± ¬ÛÓ¬± ˝√˚˛º ë‰¬±›í1 ’Ô« ëŒÊ√±À1±Ì ø¬ÛÀg±ª±í øÓ¬øÚø√Úœ˚˛± ø¬ı¬ı±˝√ ﬂ¡±˚«¸”‰¬œ1 Œ√ªÓ¬± ’±1n∏ ëª±Úí1 ’Ô« ¸”˚«º ¤˝◊√ Î¬◊»¸Àª± √1±-ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú± Î¬◊ˆ¬˚˛À1 Œﬂ¡±ÀÚ±¬ı± ¤ø√ÚÓ¬ ¬ﬂ¡1± ﬂ¡±˚«º ¤˝◊√ ŒÊ√±À1±Ì ø√˚˛± ¬ÛXøÓ¬ÀÈ¬± ∆¬ıø√ﬂ¡ ‚1Ó¬ ¬Û±ÀÓ¬º È¬±˝◊√ ’±À˝√±˜1 Œ√ªÓ¬± ˘±—ﬂ≈¡1œ, Ê√±Ú ‰¬±˝◊√ U—, ˘±—- ¬ÛXøÓ¬1 ø¬ı˚˛±1 ˘·ÀÓ¬± ø˜˘ ’±ÀÂ√ ˚ø√› øﬂ¡Â≈√ ¬Û±Ô«ﬂ¡…› ’±ÀÂ√º Œ1—, Œ˘—√Ú ’±1n∏ Ê√± ø‰¬— Ù¬±ﬂ¡ ¬Û±Ì Ó¬±À˜±˘1 ˙1±˝◊√ ø√ ˜La È¬±˝◊√ ’±À˝√±˜ ˆ¬±¯∏±Ó¬ ëŒÊ√±í ˙s1 ’Ô« ∆˝√ÀÂ√ ¬ı±¸ ﬂ¡1± ¬ı± ø‰¬1ôLÚ Î¬◊2‰¬±1Ì ﬂ¡À1º ‰¬±›ª±Ú ¬Û”Ê√±Ó¬ 12 ‡Ú Í≈¬1œ˚˛± Ó¬±À˜±˘, 12 È¬± ’±1n∏ ë1Ìí ˙s1 ’Ô« ∆˝√ÀÂ√ ˚≈¢¨ ’Ô«±» ¤Àﬂ¡˘À· ¬ı±¸ ﬂ¡1±º ﬂ≈¡ﬂ≈¡1±, øÂ√—ﬂ¡1± Ù≈¬˘, ˘≈ﬂ¡˘±›, ˆ¬±Ó¬ ’±ø√ ø√ ¬Û”Ê√± ﬂ¡1± ˝√˚˛º ŒÊ√±À1±ÌÓ¬ ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú±1 ‚1Õ˘ √1± ‚11 ¬Û1± ¸±Ò… ’Ú≈¸±À1 ’±- ˘·ÀÓ¬ ¤‡Ú ˙1±˝◊√Ó¬ ¬Û±Ì Ó¬±À˜±À˘À1 ‚11 ˜‘Ó¬ﬂ¡Õ˘› ’˘—ﬂ¡±1 Œ˚ÀÚ - Œﬂ¡Ú1n∏ [’±À˝√±˜ ¸ﬂ¡˘1 ¬Û±1¶Ûø1ﬂ¡ ﬂ¡±ÌÓ¬ ’±·¬ıÏ¬ˇ±˚˛º ¤˝◊√ Î¬◊»¸ªÓ¬ ˜-˘≈„√ ¸±Ó¬‡Ú ﬂ¡˘ ¬ÛÓ≈¬ª± ŒÎ¬±„√Ó¬ ø¬Ûg± ¤ﬂ¡ ’˘—ﬂ¡±1, ˜≈øÍ¬ ‡±1n∏ Ù¬±-øÂ√È¬ ’±1n∏ ¬Û1•Û1±·Ó¬ ¬Û±È¬1 ¸±Ó¬‡Ú ø√ ‰¬±›ª±Ú ˜La ˜±ÀÓ¬º Œ¸˝◊√ø√Ú±˝◊√ ’±¬ÛÓ¬±— ﬂ¡ø1 ¸±Ê√-¬Û±11 ˘·ÀÓ¬ õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Úœ˚˛ ¸±˜¢∂œ ’±1n∏ ≈√È¬± ˜±øÈ¬1 ŒÈ¬Àﬂ¡ø˘1 ¬ÛøªSˆ¬±Àª ·± ŒÒ±›ª± ˝√˚˛º ’±¬ÛÓ¬±— ﬂ¡1±1 ¬Û±Â√Ó¬À˝√ √1± ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú±ﬂ¡ ∆¸ÀÓ¬ ’±˜ ¬Û±Ó¬1 Î¬±ø˘ ’±1n∏ ˜±øÈ¬˜±˝√, ˝√±˘øÒ ’±ø√ ¤È¬± Œ√›ª±Ú1 ’±·Ó¬ ¬ıUª±˚˛º ’±À˝√±˜ ø¬ı¬ı±˝√ ¸˜”˝√Ó¬ ø¡ZÓ¬œ˚˛ ø√Ú± ŒÈ¬±À¬Û±˘±Ó¬ ∆˘ ˚±˚˛º ŒÊ√±À1±Ì1 ’±Ú ¤È¬± ŒÈ¬±À¬Û±˘±Ó¬ 1+¬Û1 ·±øÍ¬˚˛±Ú ‡≈µ± øÚ˚˛˜ ﬂ¡1± ˝√˚˛º ·±øÍ¬˚˛±Ú ·Â√1 ø˙¬Û± Ò≈˝◊√ ¬Û‡±ø˘ ŒÈ¬˜œ ﬂ¡È¬±1œ ’±1n∏ Ó¬±À˜±˘ ¬Û±ÀÌÀ1 Ò≈Úœ˚˛± ¤‡Ú ·±À˜±Â√± ¬ı±øg ¬Û±Ó¬Ó¬ ‡≈øµ &ø1 ﬂ¡ø1 Ó¬±À1 √1± ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú±ﬂ¡ ﬂ¡¬Û±˘Ó¬ ŒÙ¬“±È¬ ø√˚˛± ’±ÀÚº ¸±Ò±1ÌÀÓ¬ ¤˝◊√ ŒÊ√±À1±Ì ø√¬ıÕ˘ √1±1 ˜±ﬂ¡ ’±1n∏ ˘·Ó¬ ˝√˚˛º ¤˝◊√ øÚ˚˛˜ ‰¬ﬂ¡ƒ˘„√1 õ∂Ò±Ú Œ˘±ﬂ¡±‰¬±1º Œ¸˝◊√ø√Ú± ˜±Ê√1±øÓ¬ ’±Ú ¬ıUÀÓ¬± ¬Û≈1n∏¯∏ ˜ø˝√˘± ’±À˝√º √1±‚1œ˚˛± ˜ø˝√˘±¸ﬂ¡À˘ ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú±ﬂ¡ ˜±ﬂ¡-¬ı±À˚˛ﬂ¡, ¸•§gœ˚˛ ˜ø˝√˘±¸ﬂ¡À˘ ˝◊√˚˛±À1 √1± Ú±˝◊√¬ı± ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú±ﬂ¡ ¸˜±Ê√Ó¬ ¬ıUª±˝◊√ Ú±Ú± øÚ˚˛˜-ÚœøÓ¬ ﬂ¡ø1, ŒÊ√±À1±Ì Ú±˜ ·±˚˛ ’±1n∏ ŒÙ¬“±È¬ ø√À˚˛º ¸ﬂ¡À˘±Àª ¶£”¬øÓ«¬ ﬂ¡À1º ŒÊ√±À1±Ì ø√¬ıÕ˘ ’˝√± ˜±Ú≈˝√1 √˘ÀÈ¬± ø¬ı˚˛±1 ø√Ú± ¬Û±˘Ú ﬂ¡1± ¤È¬± Œ˘±ﬂ¡±‰¬±1 ∆˝√ÀÂ√ ∆√˚˛Ú Î¬◊ˆ¬øÓ¬ ˚±›“ÀÓ¬ ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú±‚11 ¬Û1± √1±Õ˘ ¬ı≈ø˘ ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú±1 Œ√Î¬◊Ó¬±Àﬂ¡ ø√˚˛±º √1± ¬ı± ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú±1 Œ˙±ªøÚ Œﬂ¡±Í¬±1 ≈√ª±1 ˜≈‡Ó¬ ¬Û«√± ¤‡Ú1 ø√˚˛± √1±1 ¸±Ê√ÀÈ¬±, ¤È¬± ŒÈ¬Àﬂ¡ø˘, ˜±øÈ¬ ˜±˝√, ˝√±˘øÒ1 ŒÈ¬±À¬Û±˘± ’±“1Ó¬ ¬Ûœ1± ¤‡Ú ¬Û±ø1 ø√˚˛± ˝√˚˛º ŒÚ±ª±›ÀÓ¬ ¬ı…ª˝√±1 ﬂ¡1± ’±1n∏ ¤‡Ú ŒÈ¬ø˜ ﬂ¡È¬±1œ ø√ ¬ÛøÍ¬›ª± ˝√˚˛º √1± ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú± Î¬◊ˆ¬À˚˛ ¤˝◊√ ﬂ¡˘¬Û±Ó¬, ¬Û±È¬&øÈ¬, ¬ı±øÓ¬ ¤È¬±Ó¬ ∆√, ¬Û±Ì Ò”¬Û, ¬Û±Úœ ŒÓ¬±˘± ‚È¬, ŒÈ¬˜œ ﬂ¡È¬±1œ ø¬ı¬ı±˝√ ﬂ¡±˚« Œ˙¯∏ ŒÚ±À˝√±ª± ¬Û˚«ôL ’Ú¬ı1ÀÓ¬ ˝√±Ó¬Ó¬ ≈√˘Î¬ˇœÓ¬ ‰¬±øﬂ¡ ;˘±˝◊√ ¬Ûœ1±1 ﬂ¡±¯∏ÀÓ¬ Ô¬ı ˘±À·º ¬Û«√±‡Ú1 1±ø‡¬ı ˘±À·º øˆ¬Ó¬1Ù¬±À˘ √1± ¬ı± ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú± ¬¬ıø˝√ ¬ÛÈ¬±&øÈ¬Ó¬ ˆ¬ø1 Ô˚˛º ¬Û±Ì ≈√ø‡˘±Ó¬ ’±À˝√±˜¸ﬂ¡˘1 ø¬ı¬ı±˝√ ﬂ¡±˚«Ó¬ √1± ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú± Î¬◊ˆ¬˚˛Àﬂ¡ ∆√ ˘·±˝◊√ √1± ¬ı± ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú±1 ≈√À˚˛±·±˘, ’±Í≈¬ ’±1n∏ ≈√˝◊√ ˆ¬ø1Ó¬ ˘·±˝◊√ øÓ¬øÚ¬ı±1 ¬ı± ¬Û“±‰¬¬ı±1 ˝√±˘øÒÀ1 ·± ŒÒ±›ª±1 øÚ˚˛˜ ’±ÀÂ√º õ∂Ô˜ ¬Û≈Ú1 øÚÊ√1 ·±1 Ù¬±À˘› ŒÈ¬±ª±¬ı ˘±À·º øÓ¬øÚ¬ı±1 ŒÓ¬ÀÚ ﬂ¡1±1 ø√Ú± ø1ﬂ¡ƒ‡±Ú Î¬◊»¸ªÓ¬ ’±À¬ıø˘ √1± ’±1n∏ ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú± ≈√À˚˛±‚1ÀÓ¬ ˜”1Ó¬ ¬ÛÂ√Ó¬ ;ø˘ Ôﬂ¡± ‰¬±øﬂ¡À1 ∆¸ÀÓ¬ ≈√˘Î¬ˇœ‡Ú ∆˘ ’±·Ó¬ øÓ¬øÚ¬Û±ﬂ¡ 77

○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ‚”1±˝◊√ ’±1n∏ ˜”1Ó¬ ‰¬±Î¬◊˘ ≈√È¬±˜±Ú ’±1n∏ ﬂ¡˘‰¬œ1 ¬Û1± ’±˜√±ø˘ Ù≈¬À˘À1 ·“Ô± ≈√Î¬±˘ ˜±˘±, ¤‡Ú Œ˝√—√±—√, √1± ‚11 ¬Û1± ·1n∏‚1œ˚˛± Î¬±À˘À1 ¬Û±Úœ øÓ¬øÚ¬ı±1 Â√øÈ¬˚˛±˝◊√ ø√˚˛± ˝√˚˛º õ∂ÔÀ˜ ˜±Àﬂ¡ ŒÓ¬ÀÚ ¸±Ê√, È¬„√±ø˘, √1±¬ı1Ì1 ¸±Ê√, ¬ı±¬Û≈ ¬ı1Ì1 ¸±Ê√, Úœ˘± ˜±ÚÒ1± ﬂ¡À1 Ó¬±1 ø¬ÛÂ√Ó¬ ¸•§gœ˚˛ ¸ﬂ¡À˘± ˜ø˝√˘±˝◊√ ŒÓ¬ÀÚ√À1 ∆√˚˛Ú ø√À˚˛º ﬂ¡±À¬Û±1 ’±ø√ øÚÓ¬±ôL˝◊√ õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Úœ˚˛º √1± ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú±1 ¸ij≈‡Ó¬ ¤˝◊√ ˜±˝√-˝√±˘øÒÀ1 ŒÚ±›ª± ˝√˚˛º ’±˚˛Ó¬œ¸ﬂ¡À˘ Î¬◊1n∏ø˘ ø√À˚˛ ’±1n∏ ¸±˜¢∂œ¸˜”˝√ 1±ø‡ õ∂±Ô«Ú± ﬂ¡À1º ˜”˘ ‰¬ﬂ¡ƒ˘„√1 ﬂ¡±˚«¸”‰¬œÓ¬ ﬂ¡Ú…±1 ∆√˚˛Ú1 Ú±˜ ·±˚˛º Œﬂ¡±˘±Ó¬ ﬂ¡±Ú±˝◊√ øÚ‰≈¬Àﬂ¡±ª±, ¬ı±¬Û≈¬ı1Ì, √1± ¬ı1Ì, ﬂ¡Ú…± ¸•x√±Ú ’±ø√ ’Ú≈øá¬Ó¬ ˝√˚˛º ˝◊√˚˛±1 ø¬ÛÂ√Ó¬ ﬂ¡Ú…±√±Ó¬±˝◊√ ¸±Ê√-¬Û±1 ¬ı± Œ¸±Ì1 ¤˝◊√√À1 ŒÚ±›ª±-Ò≈›ª±1 ø¬ÛÂ√Ó¬ √1±˝◊√› ¸±Ê√-¬Û±1 ø¬Ûøg ’±„≈√øÍ¬ ’±ø√ ’±·¬ıÏ¬ˇ±˝◊√ √1± ¬ı1Ì ﬂ¡À1º ﬂ¡Ú…±√±Ú1 ¸˜˚˛Ó¬ ˜±ﬂ¡-Œ√Î¬◊Ó¬±ﬂ¡, ‚11 ¬ıÀ˚˛±ÀÊ√…á¬Ê√Ú, ŒÊ√…á¬Ê√Ú Ó¬Ô± ¬ıg≈¬ı·«1 ﬂ¡Ú…±√±Ó¬±˝◊√ ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú±1 Œ¸“±˝√±Ó¬1 ¬ı≈Ï¬ˇ± ’±„≈√ø˘ ’±1n∏ √1±1 Œ¸±“˝√±Ó¬1 ∆¸ÀÓ¬ ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú±1 ‚1Õ˘ ˚±S± ﬂ¡À1º ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú±‚1 Œ¬Û±ª±1 ø¬ÛÂ√Ó¬ ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú±1 ¬ı≈Ï¬ˇ± ’±„≈√ø˘ ˘· ˘·±˝◊√ ﬂ¡Ú…± ¸•x√±Ú ﬂ¡À1º ø‰¬—ﬂ¡1± ’±1n∏ ‚11 Ú„√˘± ˜≈‡Ó¬ ¸≈ª±&ø1 ŒÓ¬±˘± Ú±À˜À1 ’±Ú ¤ﬂ¡ ¬Û¬ı« ﬂ¡1± ’Ú…±Ú… Ù≈¬À˘À1 101 ¬Û±˝√ Ù≈¬˘1 ˜±˘± √1±˝◊√ ﬂ¡Ú…±ﬂ¡ ’±1n∏ ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú±˝◊√ ˝√˚˛º √1±ﬂ¡ ’±√ø1¬ıÕ˘ ¬Û”√ø˘1 ˜≈‡Ó¬ ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú±1 ˜±ﬂ¡¸˝√ ¬ıUÀÓ¬± ¬Û≈1n∏¯∏ √1±ﬂ¡ ø¬Ûg±˚˛º ¸ﬂ¡À˘±Àª √1±-ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú±ﬂ¡ ˜”1Ó¬ Ù≈¬˘, ‰¬±Î¬◊˘ Â√øÈ¬˚˛±˝◊√ ˜ø˝√˘± ∆1 Ô±Àﬂ¡º ¤˝◊√ ¬Û¬ı«1 ¬ı±À¬ı ¤‡Ú ¬Ûœ1±, ¤È¬± ﬂ¡˘˝√Ó¬ ¬Û±Úœ ’±˙œ¬ı«±√ ﬂ¡À1º ﬂ¡˘‰¬œ ¸±Ê≈√ ﬂ¡ø1 Ô˚˛º ¤˝◊√ øÚ˚˛˜ ﬂ¡1±1 ¬Û”À¬ı« ˜±ﬂ¡ﬂ¡ ’±“1 ﬂ¡±À¬Û±1 ø√ Òø1 1‡± ˝√˚˛ ’±1n∏ √1±1 ›‰¬1 Œ¬Û±ª± ˜±S˝◊√ ﬂ¡±À¬Û±1‡Ú ¤1n∏ª±˝◊√ Œ˝√—√±— õ∂√±Ú ﬂ¡1±ÀÈ¬± ’±À˝√±˜ ‰¬ﬂ¡ƒ˘— ø¬ı¬ı±˝√1 õ∂Ò±Ú øÚ˚˛˜ ﬂ¡À1º øÚ˚˛˜ ﬂ¡1±1 ˘À· ˘À· ˆ¬ø1 Ò≈ª±¬ıÕ˘ ŒÔ±ª± ¬Ûœ1±Ó¬ ¤ﬂ¡ øÚ˚˛˜º Œ˝√—√±— õ∂√±Ú ’±À˝√±˜¸ﬂ¡˘1 ¤˝◊√ ‰¬ﬂ¡ƒ˘— ø¬ı¬ı±˝√1 ¬Û±ÚœÀ1 ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú±1 ¸•Ûﬂ«¡œ˚˛ ¸1n∏ ŒÂ√±ª±˘œ¤Ê√ÚœÀ˚˛ ˆ¬ø1 Ò≈ª±˚˛º ¬ı±ø˝√À1 ’±Ú Œﬂ¡±ÀÚ± ¬ı…ª¶ö±ÀÓ¬ Ú±˝◊√º Œ˝√—√±— õ∂√±Ú ‰¬ﬂ¡ƒ˘— ø¬ı¬ı±˝√1 ˆ¬ø1 Ò≈›ª±1 ¬ı±¬ı√ √1±˝◊√ ŒÂ√±ª±˘œÊ√Úœﬂ¡ ¬Û±Ì Ó¬±À˜±˘1 ∆¸ÀÓ¬ ¤ﬂ¡ õ∂Ò±Ú ø¬ıÀ˙¯∏Qº ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú±˝◊√ √1±ﬂ¡ Ù≈¬˘, Í≈¬1œ˚˛± Ó¬±À˜±˘ ’±ø√1 È¬ﬂ¡±1 ¤øÈ¬ ŒÈ¬±À¬Û±˘± ø√À˚˛º ˝◊√˚˛±1 ¬Û±Â√Ó¬ ˜±Àﬂ¡ √1±1 ≈√‡Ú ·±˘Ó¬ ˘·Ó¬ Œ˝√—√±— õ∂√±Ú ﬂ¡À1º ¬Û≈S-ˆ¬±˚«±-¬Ûø1˚˛±˘, Œ√˙-Ò˜«, Ê√±øÓ¬- ≈√øÈ¬ ‰≈¬˜± ‡±˝◊√ ‰¬±√11 ’±“‰¬˘ Òø1 1ˆ¬±Ó¬ø˘Õ˘ ’±ÀÚº ¸√•ÛøM√ 1é¬±ÀÔ« ’±1n∏ ≈√©Üﬂ¡ √˜Ú1 ’ÀÔ« ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú±˝◊√ √1±ﬂ¡ Œ˝√—√±— õ∂√±Ú ﬂ¡À1 ’±1n∏ √1±˝◊√ õ∂øÓ¬:± ﬂ¡ø1 Œ˝√—√±— ¢∂˝√Ì ﬂ¡À1º ø¬ıÀ˙¯∏Õﬂ¡ 1ˆ¬±Ó¬ø˘Ó¬ ‰¬ﬂ¡ƒ˘„√1 ¬ı±À¬ı ¸Ê√± Œ¬ı√œ√1 ¸ij≈‡Ó¬ √1±ﬂ¡ È¬±˝◊√ ’±À˝√±˜1 ‰¬ﬂ¡ƒ˘— ø¬ı¬ı±˝√ ¬ÛXøÓ¬Ó¬ √1± ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú±ﬂ¡ ¸±Ó¬ ¬Û≈1n∏¯∏1 ¬ıU›ª± ˝√˚˛º ¤˝◊√ ‰¬ﬂ¡ƒ˘„√1 ¬ı±À¬ı Œ¬ıø√ÀÈ¬± ¸±ÀÓ¬±È¬± 1À„√À1 1±Ê√ﬂ¡œ˚˛ ﬂ¡˜«±ª˘œ Ó¬Ô± ¬ı≈1?œ ¬ıÌ«Ú± ﬂ¡À1º ¤˝◊√√À1 ˜-˘≈À„√ √1± ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú±ﬂ¡ ¤¬Û±˝√ ¬Û≈√˜ Ù≈¬˘1 ’±ﬂ‘¡øÓ¬À1 ¸±ÀÊ√º ˝◊√˚˛±ﬂ¡ ë˜Î¬ˇ˘í ¬ı≈ø˘ Œﬂ¡±ª± Ú±Ú± Î¬◊¬ÛÀ√˙ ø√˚˛±1 ¬Û±Â√Ó¬ ˜-˘≈„√1 ﬂ¡±˚« ¸˜±5 ˝√˚˛º ˝√˚˛º ¤˝◊√ ˜Î¬ˇ˘Ó¬ ¬ı…ª˝√+Ó¬ ¸±ÀÓ¬±1À„√ øﬂ¡Â≈√˜±Ú ˙øMê√ﬂ¡ ¬ı≈Ê√±˚˛º ¤˝◊√ 1„√¸˜”˝√ﬂ¡ Ú±˜ﬂ¡1ÀÌ± ﬂ¡1± ’±ÀÂ√º Œ¸“± ˜±Ê√1 1Mê√˙…±À˜ ‰¬ﬂ¡ƒ˘— ﬂ¡±˚« ¸˜±5 Œ˝√±ª±1 ¬Û±Â√Ó¬ √1±-ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú±ﬂ¡ ¸ﬂ¡À˘± ˙øMê√1 Î¬◊»¸ ¸”˚«ﬂ¡ õ∂øÓ¬øÚøÒQ ﬂ¡À1º ŒÓ¬ÀÚ√À1 ≈√¬ı«±˙…±˜ 1ˆ¬±Ó¬ø˘1 ¬Û1± øˆ¬Ó¬1Õ˘ øÚ˚˛± ˝√˚˛º øˆ¬Ó¬1Ó¬ ≈√˘Î¬ˇœÓ¬ Ôﬂ¡± ‰¬±Î¬◊˘1 1À„√ ¬ı≈Ò, ˙…±˜ 1À„√ qSê, Œ·ÃÎ¬ˇ 1À„√ ‰¬f ’±1n∏ ¬ı‘˝√¶ÛøÓ¬, ˜±Ê√Ó¬ ’±„≈√øÍ¬ ˘≈ﬂ≈¡ª±˝◊√ √1± ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú±ﬂ¡ ø¬ı‰¬±ø1¬ıÕ˘ ø√˚˛± ˝√˚˛ ’±1n∏ 1Mê√À·ÃÎ¬ˇ 1À„√ ˜e˘ ’±1n∏ ﬂ‘¡¯û 1À„√ ˙øÚﬂ¡ ¸”‰¬±˚˛º ¤˝◊√ ¬Û≈√˜ √1± ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú±ﬂ¡ Ú±Ú± ŒÒÀ˜˘œ˚˛± ﬂ¡Ô± ∆ﬂ¡ ˘·1œ˚˛±˝◊√ 1—-ŒÒ˜±ø˘ Ù≈¬˘1 ’±ﬂ‘¡øÓ¬1 ˜Î¬ˇ˘Ó¬ Ê√…±ø˜øÓ¬ﬂ¡ ’±ﬂ¡±À1À1 ˆ¬±· ﬂ¡ø1 øÚø«√©Ü ﬂ¡À1º ¤ÀÚ√À1 ﬂ¡È¬±1œ ¸À˘±ª±, ﬂ¡øÎ¬ˇ Œ‡˘ ’±ø√ ﬂ¡ø1› ’±Úµ ŒÊ√±‡Ó¬ ¤Àﬂ¡±È¬± ‰¬±øﬂ¡ ’±1n∏ ¤Àﬂ¡±È¬±Õﬂ¡ Ó¬±À˜±˘ ¬Û±Ì ¬ı± ¤‡ÚÕﬂ¡ ﬂ¡À1º ¤˝◊√À¬ı±11 ø¬ÛÂ√Ó¬ √1±ﬂ¡ ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú±˝◊√ ’±1n∏ ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú±˝◊√ √1±ﬂ¡ ¬Û=±˜‘Ó¬ Ô≈1œ˚˛± Ó¬±À˜±˘ ˜≈^±1 ∆¸ÀÓ¬ ¸ÀÊ√±ª± ˝√˚˛º ¸¬ı«˜≈Í¬ ¤˙ ¤·øÂ√ Œˆ¬±Ê√Ú ‡≈ª±˚˛, ˜≈‡ Ò≈ª±˚˛, ‡ø1ﬂ¡± ø√À˚˛ ’±1n∏ Í≈¬1œ˚˛± Ó¬±À˜±˘ ŒÓ¬˘1 ‰¬±øﬂ¡ [¬ıÚÙ¬±˝◊√] ;À˘±ª± ˝√˚˛º ˜Î¬ˇ˘1 ‰¬±ø1›Ù¬±À˘ ‰¬±ø1È¬± ‡≈ª±˚˛º ﬂ¡˘¬Û≈ø˘ Œ1±ª± ˝√˚˛ ’±1n∏ ¬Û≈ø˘Àﬂ¡˝◊√È¬±1 ¬Û±Ó¬ ˘· ˘·±˝◊√ ’±˜√±ø˘ ’±“ø1 ø√˚˛± ˝√˚˛º ¤˝◊√ ˜Î¬ˇ˘1 ¸ij≈‡Ó¬ √1±ﬂ¡ ¬ıUª±˚˛º ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú±ﬂ¡ ¤ÀÚ√À1 Ú±Ú± øÚ˚˛˜ Œ˙¯∏ Œ˝√±ª±1 ¬Û±Â√Ó¬ √1± ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú±˝◊√ ¬ı±ø˝√1Õ˘ ’Ú±1 ’±·ÀÓ¬ Œﬂ¡±Í¬±1 øˆ¬Ó¬1Ó¬ ˘·1œ˚˛±1 ∆¸ÀÓ¬ ¬ıUª±˝◊√ ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú±1 ˜±ﬂ¡ Œ√Î¬◊Ó¬±ﬂ¡ﬂ¡ ‡Ë≈¬ÛÓ¬±— [Œ¸ª±] ﬂ¡ø1 √1±‚1Õ˘ ˚±S± 1‡± ˝√˚˛º √1±1 ˆ¬±À˚˛ﬂ¡ ¬ı± ¸•Ûﬂ«¡œ˚˛ Œﬂ¡±ÀÚ±Àª Ó¬±À˜±˘ ¬Û±ÀÚÀ1 ﬂ¡À1º √1±‚1 Œ¬Û±ª±1 ø¬ÛÂ√Ó¬ √1± ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú±ﬂ¡ √1±1 Œ˙±ªÚœ Œﬂ¡±Í¬±Ó¬ ˙1±˝◊√ ’±·¬ıÏ¬ˇ±˝◊√ ø√À˘À˝√ ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú±1 ¸˜Úœ˚˛±˝◊√ ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú±ﬂ¡ ‰¬ﬂƒ¡˘„√1 ¬ıUª±˝◊√ ˘±—ﬂ≈¡ø1, ˘±À1—, Ê√±Ú ‰¬±˝◊√ U—, Œ˘—√Ú ’±1n∏ Ê√±ø‰¬—Ù¬± &ø1Õ˘ Î¬◊ø˘˚˛±˝◊√ ’±ÀÚº ¤˝◊√ ˙1±˝◊√ ø√˚˛±1 ¸˜˚˛ÀÓ¬± ŒÊ√±1±Ú±˜, ¤˝◊√ ¬Û=À√ªÓ¬±ﬂ¡ ¤‡Ú ˙1±˝◊√Ó¬ ¬Û±Ì-Ó¬±À˜±˘ ’±1n∏ ¤·øÂ√ ¬ı±Ú- ø¬ıUÚ±˜ ’±ø√ Ê√ø1˚˛ÀÓ¬ ˘·1œ˚˛±˝“√ÀÓ¬ Ù”¬øÓ«¬ ﬂ¡À1º ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú±ﬂ¡ ¬ı±ø˝√1Õ˘ Ù¬±˝◊√À1 √œ‚«Ê√œªÚ ﬂ¡±˜Ú±À1 Ó¬Ô± ˚≈¢¨Ê√œªÚ ˙±øôL-¸˜‘øXÀ1 ˆ¬ø1 ’±ÀÚ±ÀÓ¬› ’±“1 ﬂ¡±À¬Û±1 ø√ ’Ú± ˝√˚˛ ’±1n∏ ‰¬ﬂ¡ƒ˘„√1 ˜G¬ÛÓ¬ ¬Û1±1 Î¬◊ÀVÀ˙… õ∂±Ô«Ú± ﬂ¡À1º ¬Û±È¬œÓ¬ ¬ıUª±1 ¸˜˚˛Ó¬ ’±“1 ﬂ¡±À¬Û±1‡Ú ’±“Ó¬1±˝◊√ √1±1 ¬ı“±›Ù¬±À˘ ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú±ﬂ¡ ¬ıUª±˚˛º ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú±1 ¬ı“±›Ù¬±À˘ ﬂ¡˝◊√Ú±1 Œ√Î¬◊Ó¬±¡ ’±1n∏ ˜≈Í¬ 20 È¬± øÚ˚˛À˜À1 ’±À˝√±˜ ¬Û1•Û1±1 ‰¬ﬂ¡ƒ˘— ø¬ı¬ı±˝√1 ŒÓ¬›“À˘±ﬂ¡1 ¸ij≈‡Ó¬ ë˜-˘≈„√íÊ√Ú ¬ıÀ˝√º ¸˜±ø5 ‚ÀÈ¬º ø˚À˝√Ó≈¬ ‰¬ﬂ¡ƒ˘— õ∂Ô±Ó¬ ‡1‰¬ ’˘¬Û Œ¬ıøÂ√Õﬂ¡ ¬ÛÀ1 Ó¬Ô± ¬ıUÀÓ¬± ¸±˜¢∂œÀ1± õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Ú ˝√˚˛ ·øÓ¬Àﬂ¡ ’±øÊ√ﬂ¡±ø˘ õ∂±À˚˛ ¤˝◊√ ø¬ı¬ı±˝√ ’Ú≈á¬±ÚÓ¬ ¬ı·±Ù≈¬˘, ’±Õ‡, ’±Õ1 ‰¬±Î¬◊˘, U1n∏˜ ¤˝◊√ ¬Û1•Û1±À1 ø¬ı¬ı±˝√ ﬂ¡1± Œ√ø‡¬ıÕ˘ Œ¬Û±ª± Ú±˚±˚˛º ’±À˝√±˜ ˝◊√Ó¬…ø√ ’‰«¬Ú±1 ¬ı±À¬ı õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Ú ˝√˚˛º ˝◊√˚˛±À1±¬Ûø1 ¤˙ ¤È¬± ¬ı·± ¸•x√±˚˛1 ¤˝◊√ ¬Û1•Û1± ’±À˝√±˜¸ﬂ¡˘1 ˘·ÀÓ¬ ¬ıÓ«¬˜±Ú ’±Ú ¸•x√±˚˛1 Œ˘±ﬂ¡1 ø¬ı¬ı±˝√ÀÓ¬± ﬂ¡1± Œ√‡± ˚±˚˛º ×× 78

○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ˝◊√Î¬◊øÚÙ¬˜« ø‰¬øˆ¬˘ ﬂ¡íÎ¬ (UCC) √œ¬Û±—ﬂ¡1 Œ·±˝“√±˝◊√ ø¬ı.¤Î¬.Ó‘¬Ó¬œ˚˛ ¯∏±∞√¨±ø¸ﬂ¡ ø¬ıøˆ¬iß Ê√±øÓ¬-Ê√ÚÀ·±á¬œ1 ¸˜±˝√±À1À1 ˆ¬±1Ó¬¬ı¯∏« ’ÕÚﬂ¡…1 ˜±Ê√Ó¬ ‹ﬂ¡…1 ’À˜±‚ ¬ı±ÌœÀ1 õ∂øÓ¬øá¬Ó¬ ¤‡Ú Œ√˙º ¤˝√◊ Œ√˙Ó¬ ø˝√µ≈, ˝√◊Â√˘±˜, ‡Ëœ©Ü±Ú, Œ¬ıÃX, ∆Ê√Ú ’±ø√ ø¬ıøˆ¬iß Ò˜«±ª˘•§œ Œ˘±Àﬂ¡ ¬ı¸¬ı±¸ ﬂ¡À1 ’±1n∏ Œ¸˝√◊˜ÀÓ¬˝√◊ ¸ﬂ¡À˘±Àª øÚÊ√¶§ ø¬ıøˆ¬iß 1œøÓ¬-ÚœøÓ¬ ˜±øÚ ‰¬À˘º ˆ¬±1Ó¬¬ı¯∏«Ó¬ ø¬ıøˆ¬iß Ò˜«˙±¶a ’±1n∏ ¬Û1•Û1±1 øˆ¬øM√Ó¬ ·øÍ¬Ó¬ ø¬ıøˆ¬iß ¬ı…øMê·Ó¬ ’±˝√◊Ú (Personal Law) 1 ’±›Ó¬±Ó¬ ¤øÓ¬˚˛±› ø¬ı¬ı±˝√, ø¬ıÀ26√, Î◊¬M√1±øÒﬂ¡±1œ ¶§Q ˝√◊Ó¬…±ø√ ¸—À¬ı√Ú˙œ˘ ø¬ı¯∏˚˛À¬ı±1 ¸•Ûiß ∆˝√ ’±ø˝√ÀÂ√º ¤˝√◊Àé¬SÓ¬ Ò˜«ø¬ıÀ˙À¯∏ øˆ¬ißÓ¬± õ∂ﬂ¡È¬ ∆˝√ ’±ø˝√ÀÂ√º ˝√◊˚˛±1 ¸˜±ôL1±˘ˆ¬±Àª ’±ø˜ Œ√ø‡¬ıÕ˘ ¬Û±˝√◊ ’±ø˝√ÀÂ√± Œ˚ ¤ﬂ¡±—˙˝√◊ ¤˝√◊Àé¬SÓ¬ ’¸˜Ó¬±, ∆¬ı¯∏˜…1 ¬ıø˘ ∆˝√ ’±ø˝√ÀÂ√º ø¬ıÀ˙¯∏Õﬂ¡ ø¬ı¬ı±˝√, ø¬ıÀ26√ ˝√◊Ó¬…±ø√1 Œé¬SÓ¬ ˜ø˝√˘±¸ﬂ¡˘ Ò±1±¬ı±ø˝√ﬂ¡ˆ¬±Àª ∆¬ı¯∏˜…1 ¸ij≈‡œÚ ∆˝√ ’±ø˝√ÀÂ√º ˝√◊˚˛±1 ¬ı±À¬ı ¸˜¢∂ ˆ¬±1Ó¬¬ı¯∏«ÀÓ¬ ¤Àﬂ¡‡Ú ’±˝√◊Ú1 ¡Z±1± ¸±„≈√ø1 ˘í¬ı ¬Û1± Ú…±ø˚˛ﬂ¡ ¬ı…ª¶ö± ÚÔﬂ¡±1 ¬ı±À¬ı˝√◊ ¤˝√◊ ˜ø˝√˘±¸ﬂ¡˘ Œﬂ¡“Àﬂ¡±1±À‰¬¬Û±1 ﬂ¡¬ı˘Ó¬ ¬Ûø1 ’±ø˝√ÀÂ√ º ’±ø˜ Ê√±ÀÚ± Œ˚ ’±˜±1 Œ√˙Ó¬ Ê√±øÓ¬, Ò˜« øÚø¬ı«À˙À¯∏ ’¬Û1±Ò ’±˝√◊Ú (Criminal Law) ø˚√À1 ¸ﬂ¡À˘±À1 ¬ı±À¬ı ¸˜ˆ¬±Àª õ∂À˚±Ê√… ˝√˚˛ , Œ¸˝√◊√À1 ø¬ıÀ26√, Î◊¬M√1±øÒﬂ¡±1œ ¶§Q ’±ø√1 Œé¬SÓ¬ ¤ÀÚÒ1Ì1 Œﬂ¡±ÀÚ± ¸±Ò±1Ì øÚ˚˛˜ Ú±˝√◊, ø˚À¬ı±1 ¬ı…øMê·Ó¬ ’±˝√◊Ú (Personal Law)1 ¡Z±1±À˝√ ¬Ûø1‰¬±ø˘Ó¬ ˝√˚˛º ŒÓ¬ÀÚÀé¬SÓ¬ ˝√◊˚˛±1 ¸˜±Ò±Ú¸”S øﬂ¡∑ ˝√◊˚˛±ÀÓ¬˝√◊ Ê√øÎ¬ˇÓ¬ ∆˝√ ’±ÀÂ√ UCC(Uniform Civil Code) 1 &1n∏Q¬Û”Ì« õ∂¸—·º øﬂ¡ ¤˝√◊ UCC∑ – UCC (Uniform Civil Code)1 ’Ô« ∆˝√ÀÂ√ Ê√±øÓ¬-Ê√ÚÀ·±á¬œ, ˆ¬±¯∏±, Ò˜« øÚø¬ı«À˙À¯∏ ¸˜±Ê√1 ¸ﬂ¡À˘± ’—˙1 Œ˘±ﬂ¡Àﬂ¡ ¤ﬂ¡ 1±©Ü™œ˚˛ ’±‰¬±1 ø¬ıøÒ1 Ê√ø1˚˛ÀÓ¬ ¸˜ˆ¬±Àª ø¬ıÀ¬ı‰¬Ú± ﬂ¡1± ˝√í¬ı ’±1n∏ ¸ﬂ¡À˘±À1 Œé¬SÓ¬ ¸˜ˆ¬±Àª õ∂À˚±Ê√… ˝√í¬ıº ¤˝√◊ UCC ¤ ¤ÀÚﬂ≈¡ª± ¤ﬂ¡ ’±˝√◊Ú1 ¸—·Í¬Úﬂ¡ ¸”‰¬±˚˛ ø˚ ¸˜¢∂ ˆ¬±1Ó¬¬ı¯∏«À1 ¸ﬂ¡À˘± Ú±·ø1ﬂ¡1 ø¬ıøˆ¬iß ¬ı…øMê·Ó¬ ø¬ı¯∏˚˛ Œ˚ÀÚ ø¬ı¬ı±˝√, ø¬ıÀ26√, 1é¬Ì±À¬ıé¬Ì, ŒÓ¬±˘Úœ˚˛± ¸ôL±Ú, Î◊¬M√1±øÒﬂ¡±1œ ¶§Q ˝√◊Ó¬…±ø√1 Œé¬SÓ¬ ¸ﬂ¡À˘±À1 ›¬Û1Ó¬ ¸˜ˆ¬±Àª˝√◊ õ∂À˚±Ê√… ˝√í¬ıº ˝√◊˚˛±1 Ê√ø1˚˛ÀÓ¬ ¸ﬂ¡À˘± Ú±·ø1Àﬂ¡ ŒÓ¬›“À˘±ﬂ¡1 Œ˜Ãø˘ﬂ¡ ’±1n∏ ¸—ø¬ıÒ±Ú õ∂√M√ ’øÒﬂ¡±1¸˜”˝√ ¸≈1øé¬Ó¬ ﬂ¡ø1 1±ø‡¬ı ¬Û±ø1¬ıº 79

○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ √1±‰¬˘ÀÓ¬ ¤˝√◊ UCC ˆ¬±1Ó¬œ˚˛ ¸—ø¬ıÒ±Ú1 44 Ú— ¬Ûø1‰¬±ø˘Ó¬º ’Ú≈À26√1 øÚÀ√«˙±Rﬂ¡ ÚœøÓ¬1 ‰¬Ó≈¬Ô« ’—˙1 ø¬ı¯∏˚˛ ø˚ ¸—ø¬ıÒ±Ú1 UCC 1 õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Úœ˚˛Ó¬± – Ó¬Ô± 1±©Ü™1 Ò˜«øÚ1À¬Ûé¬Ó¬±, Œ˜Ãø˘ﬂ¡ ’øÒﬂ¡±1, Œ˜Ãø˘ﬂ¡ ﬂ¡Ó¬«¬ı… ˝√◊Ó¬…±ø√ ø¬ı¯∏˚˛1 ¬Ûø1Àõ∂øé¬Ó¬Ó¬ ¤ﬂ¡ √œ‚«ø√Úœ˚˛± ø¬ıÓ¬«ﬂ¡1 UCC 1 √À1 õ∂·øÓ¬˙œ˘ ¸—¶®±À1 ¸˜¢∂ Œ√˙À1 ø¬ı¯∏˚˛¶§1+À¬Û ¬Ûø1·øÌÓ¬ ∆˝√ ’±ø˝√ÀÂ√ º ¸±˜±øÊ√ﬂ¡ ¬Ûø1ﬂ¡±Í¬±À˜± ’øÒﬂ¡ ¸≈‘√Ï¬ˇ 1+¬ÛÓ¬ ·øÏ¬ˇ Ó≈¬ø˘¬ıº ˝√◊ Œﬂ¡ª˘ UCC 1 Î◊¬»¬ÛøM√ – Œ˚ Ò˜«œ˚˛ Œé¬SÓ¬ Ôﬂ¡± ø˘—· ∆¬ı¯∏˜… ’“±Ó¬1±˝√◊ ˜ø˝√˘± ¸¬ı˘œﬂ¡1Ì1 ¬ı±È¬ ˜≈ﬂ¡ø˘ ﬂ¡ø1¬ı ŒÓ¬ÀÚ Ú˝√˚˛, ¬ı1= ˝√◊˚˛±1 Ê√ø1˚˛ÀÓ¬ Ò˜«œ˚˛ Œˆ¬øÈ¬ ø¬ıøË È¬Â√ ‰¬1ﬂ¡±À1 1840 ‰¬ÚÓ¬ LEX LOCI 1 õ∂øÓ¬À¬ı√Ú1 ’øÒﬂ¡ ¸≈¶ö 1+¬ÛÓ¬ ·øÏ¬ˇ Î◊¬øÍ¬¬ı ’±1n∏ Œ√˙1 ’‡GÓ¬± Ó¬Ô± ‹ﬂ¡…1 ›¬Û1Ó¬ øˆ¬øM√ ﬂ¡ø1 ¸ﬂ¡À˘±À1 ¬ı±À¬ı ’¬Û1±Ò, õ∂˜±Ì, øÍ¬ﬂ¡± ˝√◊Ó¬…±ø√1 Œ¸±¬Û±Ú ∆Ó¬˚˛±1 ˝√í¬ıº õ∂‰¬ø˘Ó¬ ¸˜±Ê√ ¬ı…ª¶ö±1 ∆¬ı¯∏˜… ’±1n∏ Œé¬SÓ¬ ¸±Ò±1Ì ’±˝√◊Ú (Common Law) õ∂À˚˛±·1 ﬂ¡±˚«…¬ı…ª¶ö± ’¸˜Ó¬±1 ø¬ı¬Û1œÀÓ¬ UCC ¤ Œ˜Ãø˘ﬂ¡ ’øÒﬂ¡±1¸˜”˝√ ¸≈1øé¬Ó¬ ˝√±Ó¬Ó¬ ˘˚˛ ˚ø√› ŒÓ¬›“À˘±Àﬂ¡ ˝√◊26±ﬂ‘¡Ó¬ˆ¬±Àª˝√◊ ø˝√µ≈ ’±1n∏ ˜≈Â√ø˘˜1 ﬂ¡ø1 ŒÓ¬±˘±1 Œé¬SÓ¬ ’¸±Ò±1Ì õ∂ˆ¬±ª ø¬ıô¶±1 ﬂ¡ø1¬ı ¬Û±À1º ˝√◊˚˛±1 ¬ı…øMê·Ó¬ ’±˝√◊Ú (Personal Law) ﬂ¡ ˝√◊˚˛±1 ¬Û1± ’“±Ó¬1±˝√◊ 1±À‡º õ∂ªÓ¬«ÀÚ õ∂‰¬ø˘Ó¬ Œˆ¬±È¬À¬ı—ﬂ¡1 1±Ê√ÚœøÓ¬Àﬂ¡± ˜ø¯∏˜”1 ﬂ¡ø1¬ıº ’Ú…˝√±ÀÓ¬ø√ ˝√◊ ’±øÔ«ﬂ¡ ’±1n∏ ¸±˜±øÊ√ﬂ¡ õ∂·øÓ¬1 Œ˚±À·ø√ Œ√˙ﬂ¡ õ∂øÌÒ±ÚÀ˚±·… Œ˚ ¶§±ÒœÚ ˆ¬±1Ó¬1 ¸—ø¬ıÒ±Ú1 1+¬ÛÀ1‡± Î◊¬iß˚˛Ú1 ¬ı±ÀÈ¬ø√ ’±&ª±˝√◊ ∆˘ Œ˚±ª±Ó¬ ¤ﬂ¡ Úª˚≈·1 ¸”‰¬Ú± ﬂ¡ø1¬ı õ∂dÓ¬ﬂ¡1ÌÓ¬ Ê√øÎ¬ˇÓ¬ ¸—ø¬ıÒ±Ú ¸ˆ¬±Ó¬ ˜”˘Ó¬– ≈√˝√◊ õ∂ﬂ¡±11 ¸√¸… ¬Û±À1º Œ¸˝√◊Àé¬SÓ¬ UCC 1 õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Úœ˚˛Ó¬± ¸˝√ÀÊ√˝√◊ ’Ú≈À˜˚˛º ’ôLˆ«¬≈Mê ’±øÂ√˘ º Œ˙˝√Ó¬œ˚˛±Õﬂ¡ ‰¬1ﬂ¡±À1 ¸—ø¬ıÒ±Ú1 ’Ú≈À26√ 370 ’±1n∏ i) Î¬0 ø¬ı. ’±1. ’±À•§√ﬂ¡±11 √À1 ø˚¸ﬂ¡˘ Œ˘±Àﬂ¡ ¸˜ 35 ﬂ¡Ó¬«Ú1 ˘·ÀÓ¬ øÓ¬øÚ Ó¬±˘±ﬂ¡ õ∂Ô±1 Œ˜±˝√1 ˜±ø1 Œ√˙1 ’±˝√◊Ú (Uniform Law) õ∂À˚˛±·1 Ê√ø1˚˛ÀÓ¬ ˆ¬±1Ó¬1 ¸˜±Ê√ ’‡GÓ¬± ’±1n∏ ¸±˜±øÊ√ﬂ¡ ¸˜Ó¬±1 ¬ı±À¬ı ø˚ ‹øÓ¬˝√±ø¸ﬂ¡ ø¸X±ôL ¬ı…ª¶ö±1 ¬ı…±¬Ûﬂ¡ ¸—¶®±1 ¸±ÒÚ1 õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Úœ˚˛Ó¬± ’Ú≈ˆ¬ª ﬂ¡À1º ¢∂˝√Ì ﬂ¡ø1À˘, ˝√◊ øÚ(˚˛Õﬂ¡ ¬ıU‰¬ø‰¬«Ó¬ UCC õ∂ªÓ¬«Ú1 Œé¬SÀÓ¬± ’±˙±1 ¸=±1 ﬂ¡ø1ÀÂ√ ˚ø√›¬ı± ˝√◊ ¤ﬂ¡ ¸˝√Ê√ õ∂øSê˚˛± Ú˝√˚˛º øﬂ¡˚˛ÀÚ± ii) ø˚¸ﬂ¡˘ Œ˘±Àﬂ¡ [ø¬ıÀ˙¯∏Õﬂ¡ ˜≈Â√ø˘˜ ¸˜±Ê√1 ˝√◊˚˛±1 ˘·Ó¬ Ê√øÎ¬ˇÓ¬ ∆˝√ ’±ÀÂ√ ¸—ø¬ıÒ±Ú1 25 Ú— ’Ú≈À26√1 Ò˜«œ˚˛ õ∂øÓ¬øÚøÒQﬂ¡±1œ ¸ﬂ¡˘] ¬ı…øMê·Ó¬ ’±˝√◊Ú (Personal Law) ’øÒﬂ¡±11 Ê√øÈ¬˘ ø¬ı¯∏˚˛º ˚≈·˜œ˚˛± ∆˝√ Ôﬂ¡±ÀÈ¬± ø¬ı‰¬±À1º UCC ¤ øﬂ¡ ﬂ¡ø1¬ı – ˝√◊˚˛±1 Î◊¬¬Ûø1 ø¬ıøˆ¬iß ¸—‡…±˘‚≈ Ê√±øÓ¬À¬ı±À1› ¸—ø¬ıÒ±Ú UCC 1 ˘é¬… ’±øÂ√˘ ’±À•§√ﬂ¡±11 ¡Z±1± ﬂ¡äÚ± ﬂ¡1± ¸ˆ¬±Ó¬ ¤˝√◊ UCC õ∂ô¶±ª1 ø¬ıÀ1±øÒÓ¬± ﬂ¡ø1øÂ√˘º Ù¬˘|n∏øÓ¬Ó¬ ¸˜±Ê√1 ≈√¬ı«˘ Œ|Ìœ1 ¸≈1é¬± õ∂√±Ú ﬂ¡1± ’±1n∏ ˘·ÀÓ¬ ¤ﬂ¡Ó¬±1 ¸—ø¬ıÒ±Ú1 44 Ú— ’Ú≈À26√1 øÚÀ√«˙±Rﬂ¡ ÚœøÓ¬1 ‰¬Ó≈¬Ô« ’—˙Ó¬ Œ√±À˘À1 Ê√±Ó¬œ˚˛Ó¬±¬ı±√œ Î¬◊Vœ¬ÛÚ± õ∂‰¬±1 ﬂ¡1±º ¤˝◊√ ’±˝◊√Ú‡Ú ¤È¬± ˜±S ¬ı±ﬂ¡… ¸—À˚±øÊ√Ó¬ ∆˝√øÂ√˘ ¤ÀÚÒ1ÀÌ ñ 1±©Ü™˝√◊ Ú±·ø1ﬂ¡1 ﬂ¡±˚«ﬂ¡1œ Œ˝√±ª±1 ˘À· ˘À· ’±˝◊√Ú‡ÀÚ ¬Û‘Ôﬂ¡ ¬Û‘Ôﬂ¡ ’±˝◊√Úﬂ¡ ¶§±Ô« ¸≈1øé¬Ó¬ ﬂ¡ø1¬ı1 ¬ı±À¬ı ¸˜¢∂ ˆ¬±1Ó¬1 ˆ”¬‡GÀÓ¬ ¤ﬂ¡ UCC ¸˝√Ê√ ﬂ¡1±1 ¬ı±À¬ı ﬂ¡±˜ ﬂ¡ø1¬ıº ëø˝√µ≈ ﬂ¡íÎ¬í ø¬ı˘‡ÀÚ ù´ø1˚˛Ó¬ ’±˝◊√Ú (Uniform Civil Code) õ∂ªÓ¬«Ú1 õ∂˚˛±¸ ﬂ¡ø1¬ıº Ó¬Ô± ’Ú… Ò˜«œ˚˛ ø¬ıù´±¸1 Œé¬SÓ¬ õ∂Ò±ÚÕﬂ¡ ø¬ı¬ı±˝√ ’Ú≈á¬±Ú1 Î¬◊M√1±øÒﬂ¡±1œ ¸”ÀS õ∂±5 Î¬◊M√1±øÒﬂ¡±1œ¸”ÀS ·‘˝√œÓ¬ Ê√øÈ¬˘ ¬Û1ªÓ¬«œ ¸˜˚˛Ó¬ 1956 ‰¬ÚÓ¬ HINDU CODE BILL ’±˝◊√Ú‡Ú ¸˝√Ê√ ﬂ¡1±1 ˘·ÀÓ¬ ’Ú… ’±˝◊√Ú õ∂Ì˚˛Ì ﬂ¡1±Ó¬ ¸≈ø¬ıÒ± 1 Ê√ø1˚˛ÀÓ¬ ø˝√µ≈ ¬ı…øMê·Ó¬ ’±˝√◊Ú (Hindu Personal Law)1 ﬂ¡ø1¬ıº Ú±·ø1ﬂ¡ ’±˝◊√Ú ¸ﬂ¡À˘± Ú±·ø1ﬂ¡1 ¬ı±À¬ı∏ õ∂À˚±Ê√… ˝√í¬ıº ˆ¬±À˘ø‡øÚ ¸—¶®±1 ¸±ÒÚ ﬂ¡1± ˝√˚˛º ˝√◊˚˛±1 Ù¬˘Ó¬ ¤Ù¬±À˘ ¸±Ò±1Ì UCC - ¬ıÓ«¬˜±Ú1 ø¶öøÓ¬ ’±1n∏ ˜Ó¬±˜Ó¬ – ˆ¬±1Ó¬œ˚˛ Ú±·ø1ﬂ¡ ’±1n∏ ’±ÚÙ¬±À˘ ˜≈Â√ø˘˜ ¸˜±Ê√ ≈√ˆ¬±·Ó¬ ø¬ıˆ¬Mê ∆˝√ ¬ÛÀ1º ¬ıÓ«¬˜±Ú Œ√˙Ó¬ UCC 1 ›¬Û1Ó¬ Ò˜«øÚ1À¬Ûé¬Ó¬±1 ¬ı±À¬ı ø¬ıøˆ¬iß Ò1Ì1 ˜Ó¬±˜Ó¬ Œ√‡± ˚±˚˛º 21 ˙øÓ¬ﬂ¡±1 ˆ¬±1Ó¬œ˚˛ ˝√◊˚˛±1 ¬Û1ªÓ¬«œ ﬂ¡±˘ÀÂ√±ª±Ó¬ 1985 ‰¬Ú1 ù´±˝√ Œ¬ıÚ≈1 1±Ê√ÚœøÓ¬1 ø¬ı¯∏˚˛¸˜”˝√1 øˆ¬Ó¬1Ó¬ ¤˝◊√ÀÈ¬± ¤È¬± ’Ú…Ó¬˜º ˜ø˝√˘±1 Œ˜±ﬂ¡√«˜±, 1995 ‰¬Ú1 ¸1˘± ˜≈Î¬·±˘ Œ˜±ﬂ¡√«˜±, 1997 ‰¬Ú1 ’øÒﬂ¡±1 ¸Lö±˝◊√ ∆ﬂ¡ÀÂ√ Œ˚ 1±Ê√ÚœøÓ¬ﬂ¡1Ì1 Î¬◊¬Ûø1› ˝◊√ ˜ø˝√˘± Ê√Ú ¬ı±˘±˜A˜ Œ˜±ﬂ¡√«˜± ˝√◊Ó¬…±ø√À˚˛ UCC õ∂ªÓ¬«Ú1 ¸ﬂ¡˘1 ’øÒﬂ¡±1 ’±1n∏ ¸≈1é¬±1 ›¬Û1Ó¬ ’±Ò±ø1Ó¬º ¸—ø¬ıÒ±Ú1 õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Úœ˚˛Ó¬±1 ﬂ¡Ô± ¸ﬂ¡À˘±Àﬂ¡ ˆ¬¬ı±˝√◊ ŒÓ¬±À˘ ’±1n∏ ˜˝√±˜±Ú… 44 Ú— ’Ú≈À26√Ó¬ ˝◊√˚˛±1 Î¬◊À~‡ ’±ÀÂ√ Œ˚ Œ√˙1 ¤ﬂ¡Ó¬± ’±1n∏ Î◊¬2‰√Ó¬˜ Ú…±˚˛±˘À˚˛› ¤˝√◊ ø¬ı¯∏˚˛Ó¬ ¸—øù≠©Ü ‰¬1ﬂ¡±1ﬂ¡ øÚÀ√«˙Ú± õ∂√±Ú ’‡GÓ¬± ’é≈¬iß 1±ø‡¬ıÕ˘ ø¬ıøˆ¬iß ¸•x√±˚˛1 ø˘—· ¸˜Ó¬±1 ¬ı±À¬ı ﬂ¡ø1øÂ√˘ ˚ø√› ’±øÊ√Àﬂ¡±¬ÛøÓ¬ ˝√◊ ¸yª ∆˝√ Î◊¬Í¬± Ú±˝√◊º ø¬ıøˆ¬iß ’±˝◊√Ú1 ’¶§œﬂ‘¡øÓ¬ &1n∏Q¬Û”Ì« ˚íÓ¬ ˜≈Â√˘˜±Ú ¸ﬂ¡˘1 õ∂±‰¬œÚ ¬ı…øMê√·Ó¬ ’±˝◊√Ú1 ¸—¶®±11 ¬ı±À¬ı ¤ﬂ¡¬Ûé¬œ˚˛ ø¬ıÀ26√ ’±1n∏ UCC õ∂ªÓ¬Ú« 1 Œé¬SÓ¬ ˜Â≈ √ø˘˜ ¬ı…øMê·Ó¬ ’±˝√Ú◊ (Mus- ¬ıUø¬ı¬ı±˝√1 ’Ú≈˜øÓ¬ õ∂√±Ú ﬂ¡À1º ¤ÀÚ√À1 ˆ¬±1Ó¬ Œ¸˝◊√À¬ı±1 Œ√˙1 lim Personal Law) Œﬂ¡ Òø1 ø¬ıøˆ¬iß ˝√◊Â≈√…À˚˛ Œ˝√„√±1 ∆˝√ øÔ˚˛ ø√ ˙±1œÓ¬ ¬ÛÀ1 ˚íÓ¬ ù´ø1˚˛Ó¬ ’±˝◊√Ú õ∂‰¬ø˘Ó¬º ø˝√µ≈ ’±ø˝√ÀÂ√º ¤˝√◊Àé¬SÓ¬ õ∂ˆ¬±ª ø¬ıô¶±1 ﬂ¡1± øÓ¬øÚÈ¬± ˜”˘ ﬂ¡±1ﬂ¡ ∆˝√ÀÂ√ 1±Ê√ÕÚøÓ¬ﬂ¡, ¸±˜±øÊ√ﬂ¡ ’±1n∏ Ò˜«œ˚˛º ¤˝√◊ø‡øÚÀÓ Î◊¬À~‡À˚±·… Œ˚ ¸˜¢∂ ˆ¬±1Ó¬1 øˆ¬Ó¬1Ó¬ Œ·±ª±˝√◊ ¤ﬂ¡˜±S 1±Ê√… ø˚ ¤Àﬂ¡‡Ú ¬Ûø1˚˛±˘ ’±˝√◊Ú1 ¡Z±1± 80

○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ Ê√±Ó¬œ˚˛Ó¬±¬ı±√œ¸ﬂ¡˘1 Ò±1Ì± ˜ÀÓ¬ ¤˝◊√ ø¬ı¯∏˚˛ÀÈ¬± Ò˜« ’±1n∏ ø˘—· UCC 1 ’±À˘±‰¬ﬂ¡¸ﬂ¡À˘ Ò˜«œ˚˛ ¶§Ó¬LaÓ¬±ﬂ¡ ø¬ı¬Û√Ê√Úﬂ¡ ¸˜Ó¬±1 ¬›¬Û1Ó¬ øˆ¬øM√ ﬂ¡ø1 ·øÏ¬ˇ Î¬◊øÍ¬ÀÂ√º ø˝√‰¬±À¬Û ’ø¬ı1Ó¬ˆ¬±À¬ı ø¬ıÀ1±øÒÓ¬± ﬂ¡ø1 ’±ø˝√ÀÂ√º ˜ø˝√˘±1 ¸˜ ’øÒﬂ¡±1 õ∂±ø5 ’±1n∏ Ò˜«œ˚˛ ¸˜Ó¬±1 ¬ı±À¬ı ¬ıÓ«¬˜±Ú1 ‰¬1ﬂ¡±1‡ÀÚ 2015 ‰¬Ú1 ’À\"√±¬ı1 ˜±˝√Ó¬ UCC 1 õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Úœ˚˛Ó¬± ø¬ıøˆ¬iß Ò1Ì1 ¬Û√Àé¬¬Û Œ˘±ª± Œ√‡± ∆·ÀÂ√º ¸•ÛÀﬂ«¡ ˆ¬±1Ó¬1 Î¬◊2‰¬Ó¬˜ Ú…±˚˛±˘À˚˛ &1n∏Q ø√ ﬂ¡˚˛ Œ˚ ˝◊√˚˛±ﬂ¡ Î◊¬¬Û¸—˝√±1 – ¶§œﬂ¡±1 ﬂ¡1± Ú˝√í¬ı ’Ú…Ô± ø¬ıøˆ¬iß ø¬ı¯∏˚˛1 ›¬Û1Ó¬ ø¸X±ôL ˘í¬ıÕ˘ ¬ı…øMê√·Ó¬ ’±˝◊√Ú1 ø¬ı¯∏˚˛ ø˝√‰¬±À¬Û ’øÒﬂ¡±1 ø¬ı‰¬±ø1 õ∂øÓ¬¬ı±√ ¸±¬ı…ô¶ ’±˜±1 ‘√ø©Üˆ¬—·œÀ1 ¤‡Ú ’±√˙« 1±©Ü™1 ¬ı±À¬ı UCC ﬂ¡ø1¬ıº ˆ¬±1Ó¬œ˚˛ ø¬ıøÒ ’±À˚˛±À· 31 ’±·©Ü 2018 ‰¬ÚÓ¬ 185 ∆˝√ ¬Ûø1¬ı ¬Û±À1 õ∂ﬂ‘¡Ó¬ 1é¬±ﬂ¡ª‰¬º ¸˜˚˛ ¬Ûø1ªÓ¬«Ú1 ˘À· ˘À· ¬Û‘á¬±1 ¬Û1±˜˙« ¬ÛSÓ¬ UCC 1 ø¬ı¯∏À˚˛ ∆ﬂ¡øÂ√˘ Œ˚ UCC ¬ı…ª˝√±1 Œ˜Ãø˘ﬂ¡ ’±1n∏ ¸±—ø¬ıÒ±øÚﬂ¡ ’øÒﬂ¡±1 ¸≈1øé¬Ó¬ ﬂ¡ø1¬ı1 ¬ı±À¬ı ¸˜¢∂ Œ˚±·… ¬ı± ’±ª˙…ﬂ¡œ˚˛ Ú˝√˚˛º Œ√˙ÀÓ¬ Ê√±øÓ¬-Ê√ÚÀ·±á¬œ, Ò˜« øÚø¬ı«À˙À¯∏ ¤ﬂ¡ ¸±Ò±1Ì ’±˝√◊Ú õ∂Ì˚˛Ú1 õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Úœ˚˛Ó¬± ¬ı±øÏ¬ˇ ∆·ÀÂ√º ˝√◊øÓ¬˜ÀÒ… ˚ÀÔ©Ü ¬Û˘˜ õ∂±ﬂƒ¡ ¶§±ÒœÚÓ¬± ˚≈·Ó¬ ˆ¬±1Ó¬œ˚˛ ¸˜±Ê√Ó¬ ø¬ı¬ı±˝√1 Œé¬SÓ¬ ˝√íÀ˘› ’øÓ¬˙œÀ‚Ë ¸˜±Ê√ Ó¬Ô± Œ√˙1 ¬ı‘˝√M√1 ¶§±Ô«Ó¬ ¤ﬂ¡ Œ√˙, ¬ıU Ò1Ì1 ø¬ı‰¬±1 õ∂‰¬ø˘Ó¬ ∆˝√øÂ√˘ ˚íÓ¬ ø˝√µ≈ ﬂ¡íÎ¬ ø¬ı˘ ’±“Ó¬1±˝◊√ ¤ﬂ¡ ÚœøÓ¬ õ∂ªÓ¬«Ú ˝√›“ﬂ¡º×× ø√˚˛± ∆˝√øÂ√˘º Shah Bano case (1985) : A 73-year-old woman called Shah Bano was divorced by her husband using triple talaq (say- ing “I divorce thee” three times) and was denied maintenance. She approached the courts and the District Court and the High Court ruled in her favour. This led to her husband appealing to the Supreme Court saying that he had fulfilled all his obligations under Islamic law.“The Supreme Court ruled in her favour in 1985 under the “maintenance of wives, children and parents” provision (Section 125) of the All India Criminal Code, which applied to all citizens irrespective of religion. Further, It recommended that a uniform civil code be set up. Sarla Mudgal Case (1995) : In this case, the question was whether a Hindu husband married under the Hindu law, by embracing Islam, can solemnise a second marriage. The court held that the Hindu marriage solemnized under Hindu law can only be dissolved on any of the grounds specified under the Hindu Marriage Act 1955. Conversion to Islam and marrying again, would not by itself dis- solve the Hindu marriage under the act and thus, a second marriage solemnized after converting to Islam would be an offence under section 494 of the Indian Penal Code(IPC). John Vallamattom Case (1997) : In this case, a priest from Kerala, John Vallamattom challenged the Constitutional validity of Section 118 of the Indian Succession Act, which is applicable for non-Hindus in India. Mr Vallamatton contended that Section 118 of the act was discriminatory against Christians as it imposes unreasonable restrictions on their donation of property for religious or charitable purposes by will. The bench struck down the section as unconstitutional. 81

○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ﬂ¡˘…±Ìﬂ¡±˜œ ’±√˙«À1 ·øÍ¬Ó¬ Œ√˙ ¬Ó¬Ô± 1±©Üò ¤‡Ú1 ¬Ûø1‰¬±˘Ú± ˆ¬±1Ó¬¬ı¯«∏Ó¬ ^¬ı… ’±1n∏ Œ¸ª± ﬂ¡11 ﬂ¡ø1¬ı1 ¬ı±À¬ı ’±1n∏ 1±©Üòﬂ¡ ’Ô«ÕÚøÓ¬ﬂ¡, ¸±˜±øÊ√ﬂ¡, ¸±—¶‘®øÓ¬ﬂ¡, 1±Ê√ÕÚøÓ¬ﬂ¡ ’±ø√1 ø√˙Ó¬ ’±&ª±˝◊√ øÚ¬ıÕ˘ ø¬ıù´1 Àõ∂é¬±¬ÛÈ¬Ó¬ õ∂øÓ¬á¬± ﬂ¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ Œ√˙‡Ú1 ‰¬1ﬂ¡±À1 ·øÓ¬Ò±1± – 1±Ê√Àﬂ¡±¯∏œ˚˛ ÚœøÓ¬1 Ê√ø1˚˛ÀÓ¬ ˚ÀÔ©Ü ¬Ûø1˜±ÀÌ ¬ı…˚˛ ﬂ¡ø1¬ı˘·œ˚˛± ˝√˚˛º ¤˝◊√ ¬ı‘˝√» ¤ﬂ¡ ¬Û˚«±À˘±‰¬Ú± ¬Ûø1˜±Ì1 ‰¬1ﬂ¡±1œ ¬ı…˚˛1 ¬ı±À¬ı õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Úœ˚˛ ‰¬1ﬂ¡±1œ 1±Ê√˝√1 ¤È¬± õ∂Ò±Ú Î¬◊»¸ ˝√í˘ ﬂ¡1º ¸±Ò±1Ì ’Ô«Ó¬ ‰¬1ﬂ¡±À1 øÚÊ√1 1±Ê√˝√ õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Ú ¬Û”1 ﬂ¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ ø¬ıøˆ¬iß ¬Û—ﬂ¡Ê√ ¬ı1n∏ª± ¬ı…øMê,√ õ∂øÓ¬á¬±Ú ’±ø√1 ›¬Û1Ó¬ õ∂Ó¬…é¬ ’±1n∏ ¬ÛÀ1±é¬ Î¬◊ˆ¬˚˛ õ∂ﬂ¡±À1 ﬂ¡1 ’±À1±¬Û ø¬ı.¤Î¬. Ó‘¬Ó¬œ˚˛ ¯∏±∞√¨±ø¸ﬂ¡ ﬂ¡À1º ¶§±ÒœÚÓ¬±1 ¬Û”¬ı«1 ¸˜˚˛ÀÂ√±ª±Ó¬ ’Ô«±» ø¬ıËøÈ¬Â√ ˙±¸Ú1 ﬂ¡±˘ÀÂ√±ª±Ó¬ ˆ¬±1Ó¬¬ı¯«∏Ó¬ ø¬ıËøÈ¬Â√1 ’±ø˝«√Ó¬ ﬂ¡1 ’±À1±¬Û ﬂ¡1± ∆˝√øÂ√˘º ’±1n∏ ¤˝◊√ ﬂ¡1 ’±øÂ√˘ ˜”˘Ó¬– Œ˙±¯∏Ì ˜”˘ﬂ¡ ÚœøÓ¬1 ›¬Û1Ó¬ õ∂øÓ¬øá¬Ó¬º øﬂ¡c ¶§±ÒœÚÓ¬±1 ¬Û1ªÓ«¬œ ¸˜˚˛1 ¬Û1± ˆ¬±1Ó¬¬ı¯«∏Ó¬ ¸¬ı«±øÒﬂ¡ ¸±˜±øÊ√ﬂ¡ ﬂ¡˘…±Ì Ó¬Q1 ’±ø˝«√Ó¬ ﬂ¡1 ¬ı…ª¶ö±1 ¸”‰¬Ú± ﬂ¡1± ˝√˚˛º ø¬ıøˆ¬iß õ∂Ó¬…é¬ ﬂ¡11 ˘·ÀÓ¬, ˜”˘… ¸—À˚±Ê√Ú ﬂ¡1, ’±˜√±øÚ ﬂ¡1, q{√®, ø¬ıSêœ ﬂ¡1, Œ¸ª±ﬂ¡1 ’±ø√ ø¬ıøˆ¬iß ¬ÛÀ1±é¬ ﬂ¡1 Œ√˙Ó¬ ¬õ∂ªÓ«¬Ú ﬂ¡1± ∆˝√øÂ√˘º ¬ÛÀ1±é¬ ﬂ¡11 ¸˜¸…± Ó¬Ô± ’±À¸“±ª±˝√ ·± ﬂ¡ø1 Î¬◊øÍ¬øÂ√˘º ¤ÀÚ ø¬ıøˆ¬iß Ò1Ì1 ’±À¸“±ª±˝√ ¬ø¬ı˘±ﬂ¡1 ¸˜±Ò±Ú1 ˘·ÀÓ¬ ¬ÛÀ1±é¬ ﬂ¡11 Œé¬SÓ¬ õ∂Ì±˘œ¬ıX ¤ﬂ¡ ﬂ¡1 ¬ı…ª¶ö±1 ¸”‰¬Ú±1 Î¬◊ÀVÀ˙… 1 Ê≈√˘±˝◊√, 2017 ‰¬Ú1 ¬Û1± ¸˜¢∂ Œ√˙1 ^¬ı… ’±1n∏ Œ¸ª± ﬂ¡1 (GST) 1 ¸”‰¬Ú± ﬂ¡1± ˝√˚˛º ^¬ı… ’±1n∏ Œ¸ª± ﬂ¡11 ˝◊√øÓ¬˝√±¸1 ¬Û±Ó¬ Œ˜ø˘À˘ ’±ø˜ Œ√ø‡¬ıÕ˘ ¬Û±›“ Œ˚ 1950 ‰¬ÚÓ¬ ÙË¬±kÓ¬ Œ¬Û±Ú õ∂ÔÀ˜ GST 1 Ò±1Ì± ·Í¬Ú ˝√˚˛ ’±1n∏ 1954 ‰¬ÚÓ¬ ÙË¬±Àk Œ¬Û±Ú õ∂ÔÀ˜ Œ√˙Ó¬ GST 1 õ∂ªÓ«¬Ú ﬂ¡À1º ˝◊√˚˛±1 ¬Û±Â√Ó¬ ¬ıË±øÊ√˘, ﬂ¡±Ú±Î¬±Àﬂ¡ Òø1 ’±Ú ¬ıU Œ√À˙ GST ﬂ¡1 ¬ı…ª¶ö± Œ√˙Ó¬ õ∂ªÓ«¬Ú ﬂ¡À1º ˆ¬±1Ó¬¬ı¯«∏1 Œõ∂é¬±¬ÛÈ¬Ó¬ Œﬂ¡±ª± ˝√˚˛ Œ˚, 1999 ‰¬ÚÀÓ¬ Œ¸˝◊√ ¸˜˚˛Ó¬ Œ√˙1 õ∂Ò±Ú ˜Laœ ’È¬˘ 82

○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ø¬ı˝√±1œ ¬ı±Ê√À¬Û˚˛œ ’±1n∏ ŒÓ¬›“ ’Ô«ÕÚøÓ¬ﬂ¡ ¬Û1±˜˙« õ∂√±Ú ¸ø˜øÓ¬1 ¸˜˚˛ÀÂ√±ª±Ó¬ Œ√˙Ó¬ ¬ÛÀ1±é¬ ﬂ¡1 ¸—¢∂˝√1 Ó¬Ô… ø¬ı˘±ﬂ¡1 ›¬Û1Ó¬ ˜±Ê√Ó¬ GST 1 √À1 ÚÓ≈¬Ú ﬂ¡1 ¸—¶®1Ì1 ﬂ¡Ô± ’±À˘±‰¬Ú±Ó¬ ˘é¬… ﬂ¡ø1À˘ ’±ø˜ Œ√ø‡¬ıÕ˘ ¬Û±›“ Œ˚, 2007-10 ‰¬ÚÓ¬ ˜≈Í¬ ’±·¬ıÀÏ¬ˇ±ª± ∆˝√øÂ√˘º ¬Û1ªÓ«¬œ ¸˜˚˛Ó¬ ¡Z±√˙ ø¬ıM√œ˚˛ ’±À˚˛±·1 ¬ÛÀ1±é¬ ﬂ¡1 1±Ê√˝√1 ¬Ûø1˜±Ì ’±øÂ√˘ 187148 Œﬂ¡±øÈ¬ È¬ﬂ¡±º ¬Û1±˜˙«Ó¬ ·Í¬Ú Œ˝√±ª± ø¬ıÊ√˚˛ Œﬂ¡˘ﬂ¡±11 ’Ò…é¬Ó¬±Ó¬ ﬂ¡1 ¸—¶®±1 ø˚ÀÈ¬± 2012-13 ‰¬ÚÓ¬ ˝√˚˛Õ· 507354 Œﬂ¡±øÈ¬ È¬ﬂ¡±º ˝◊√˚˛±1 ﬂ¡ø˜øÈ¬À˚˛ ¤ÀÚ Ò1Ì1 ¤ﬂ¡ ﬂ¡1 ¸—¶®±11 ¬Û1±˜˙« õ∂√±Ú ﬂ¡ø1øÂ√˘º ¬Û1± ’±ø˜ ﬂ¡í¬ı ¬Û±À1± Œ˚ Ù¬˘±Ù¬˘1 Œé¬SÓ¬ GST 1 ·øÓ¬Ò±1± 2016 ‰¬Ú1 Œ˜í ˜±˝√Ó¬ õ∂Ò±Ú˜Laœ ÚÀ1f Œ˜±√œ1 ŒÚÓ‘¬Q±ÒœÚ ¬Û”Ì« ¸Ù¬˘ Ú˝√í√À˘› ˝◊√øÓ¬¬ı±‰¬ﬂ¡ ’Ô«±» ¸ÀôL±¯∏Ê√Úﬂ¡º Ó¬≈√¬Ûø1 ¤˝◊√ NDA ‰¬1ﬂ¡±11 Œ¸˝◊√ ¸˜˚˛1 ø¬ıM√ ˜Laœ ’1n∏Ì ŒÊ√È¬ø˘À˚˛ GST ¸˜˚˛ÀÂ√±ª±Ó¬ ¸≈ø¬ıÒ±1 ø√˙√1 ¬Û1± Œﬂ¡fœ˚˛ ’±1n∏ 1±Ê√… ‰¬1ﬂ¡±11 ø¬ıÀÒ˚˛ﬂ¡ Î¬◊¬Û¶ö±¬ÛÚ Œ˘±ﬂ¡¸ˆ¬±Ó¬ ﬂ¡À1 ’±1n∏ ·‘˝√œÓ¬ ˝√˚˛º ˝◊√˚˛±1 ¬ıUÓ¬1¬Ûœ˚˛± ¬ÛÀ1±é¬ ﬂ¡11 Ê√øÈ¬˘ ¸˜¸…±1 ¬Û1± ¬ı…ª¸±˚˛œ¸ﬂ¡À˘ ¬Û±Â√ÀÓ¬ 2016 ‰¬Ú1 ’±·©Ü ˜±˝√Ó¬ 1±Ê√…¸ˆ¬±1 ¬Û1±› ¤˝◊√ ø¬ıÀÒ˚˛ﬂ¡ ˜≈Mê√ ˝√í¬ı ¬Û±ø1ÀÂ√ ¬ı≈ø˘ ’±ø˜ ﬂ¡¬ı ¬Û±À1±º ˝◊√˚˛±1 ˘À· ˘À· Œ√˙Ó¬ ·‘˝√œÓ¬ ˝√˚˛º GST ﬂ¡1 ¬ı…ª¶ö± ﬂ¡±˚«ﬂ¡1œ Œ˝√±ª±1 ¬Û±Â√Ó¬ Œ√˙Ó¬ ˜≈Í¬ 38 ˘±‡ 2017 ‰¬Ú1 Ê≈√˘±˝◊√ ˜±˝√1 ¬Û1± ˆ¬±1Ó¬¬ı¯«∏1 ¬ÛÀ1±é¬ ﬂ¡11 Œ˘±ﬂ¡ﬂ¡ Ó¬Ô± ¬ı…ª¸±ø˚˛ﬂ¡ õ∂øÓ¬á¬±Úﬂ¡ ’øÓ¬ø1Mê√ ¤˝◊√ ﬂ¡11 Œé¬SÓ¬ ¸—À˚±øÊ√Ó¬ Œ˝√±ª± GST Œ˚˛ ¬ıÓ«¬˜±Ú ¸˜˚˛Õ˘Àﬂ¡ ˜≈Í¬ ’±›“Ó¬±Õ˘ ’Ú± ˝√˚˛ ø˚ÀÈ¬± ŒÂ√À5•§1 2017 ‰¬ÚÕ˘Àﬂ¡ 64 ˘±‡ ‰¬±ø1È¬± ¬ı¯«∏Ó¬Õﬂ¡À˚˛± ’øÒﬂ¡ ¸˜˚˛ ¬Û”1 ﬂ¡ø1À˘º ¤˝◊√ ¸˜˚˛ÀÂ√±ª±Ó¬ ˝√˚˛º ‰¬1ﬂ¡±1œ Ó¬Ô… ’Ú≈¸ø1 31 ˜±‰«¬, 2020 ‰¬ÚÕ˘Àﬂ¡ ˜≈Í¬ 1.23 GST 1 ¬Û˚«±À˘±‰¬Ú± ﬂ¡ø1À˘ ’±ø˜ ˚ÀÔ©Ü Ó¬Ô… ˘±ˆ¬ ﬂ¡ø1¬ı Œﬂ¡±øÈ¬ ¸øSê˚˛ GST ﬂ¡1√±Ó¬± ¬Û?œ˚˛Úˆ≈¬Mê√ ∆˝√ÀÂ√º ˝◊√À˚˛ Œ√˙1 ¬Û±À1±º Œ√˙1 Œﬂ¡fœ˚˛ ø¬ıM√˜Laœ1 ’Ò…é¬Ó¬±Ó¬ ·Í¬Ú Œ˝√±ª± GST ¬ıøÒ«Ó¬ ¬ÛÀ1±é¬ ﬂ¡11 ¬Ûø1¸1ﬂ¡ õ∂øÓ¬Ù¬ø˘Ó¬ ﬂ¡ø1ÀÂ√º E-way tax ¬Ûø1¯∏À√ õ∂øÓ¬ ˜±˝√1 ¸—·‘˝√œÓ¬ 1±Ê√˝√1 ¬Ûø1˜±Ì1 Ó¬Ô… õ∂ﬂ¡±˙ ﬂ¡ø1 payment ¬ı…ª¶ö±1 Œé¬SÓ¬ GST ﬂ¡±˚«ﬂ¡1œ Œ˝√±ª±1 ¬Û1± ˚ÀÔ©Ü ’±ø˝√ÀÂ√º ¤˝◊√ ‰¬1ﬂ¡±1œ Ó¬Ô… ’Ú≈¸ø1 Ê≈√˘±˝◊√ 2017 ‰¬Ú1 ¬Û1± ’¢∂·øÓ¬ Œ˝√±ª± ’±ø˜ ¬ıÓ«¬˜±ÚÕ˘Àﬂ¡ Œ√‡± ¬¬Û±˝◊√ÀÂ√±º ø¬ıM√œ˚˛ ¬ı¯«∏ ˜±‰«¬ 2018 ‰¬ÚÕ˘Àﬂ¡ ˜≈Í¬ GST 1±Ê√˝√ ¸—¢∂˝√1 ¬Ûø1˜±Ì ’±øÂ√˘ 2019 Ó¬ ˝◊√˚˛±1 ¬Ûø1˜±Ì ’±øÂ√˘ 56 Œﬂ¡±øÈ¬º ’±1n∏ ø¬ıM√œ˚˛ ¬ı¯«∏ 7,40,650 Œﬂ¡±øÈ¬ È¬ﬂ¡±º ’±Àﬂ¡Ã Ê≈√˘±˝◊√ 2018 ‰¬Ú1 ¬Û1± ˜±‰«¬ 2020 ∆˘ ˝◊√˚˛±1 ¬Ûø1˜±Ì ˝√˚˛Õ· 63 Œﬂ¡±øÈ¬À1± ’øÒﬂ¡º 2013 ∆˘Àﬂ¡ 884285 Œﬂ¡±øÈ¬ È¬ﬂ¡± ’±1n∏ Ê≈√˘±˝◊√ 2013 1 ¬Û±ø1¸±—ø‡…ﬂ¡œ˚˛ ¤ÀÚ Ó¬Ô… ø¬ı˘±ﬂ¡1 ¬Û1± Œ√‡± Œ¬Û±ª± ¬Û1± ˜±‰«¬ 2020 ‰¬ÚÕ˘Àﬂ¡ ¤˝◊√ ¸—·‘˝√œÓ¬ 1±Ê√˝√1 ¬Ûø1˜±Ì ˝√˚˛Õ· ø¬ıøˆ¬iß ŒÚøÓ¬¬ı±‰¬ﬂ¡ ø√˙ ø¬ı˘±ﬂ¡1 ˘·ÀÓ¬ ¸˜±ôL1±˘ˆ¬±À¬ı ’±ø˜ 708049 Œﬂ¡±øÈ¬ È¬ﬂ¡±º ¤˝◊√√À1 ˜Ú ﬂ¡ø1¬ı˘·œ˚˛± Œ˚, 2020 ˝◊√˚˛±1 øﬂ¡Â≈√˜±Ú ’“±À¸±ª±˝√ Ôﬂ¡± Œ√ø‡¬ıÕ˘ ¬Û±›“º ’±˜±1 Œ√˙1 ‰¬Ú1 øÎ¬À‰¬•§1 ˜±˝√Ó¬ Œ√˙Ó¬ GST õ∂ªÓ«¬Ú Œ˝√±ª±1 ¬Û1± õ∂øÓ¬˜±˝√1 ¬ıU ’Ô«ÚœøÓ¬ø¬ıÀ√ ¸˜±À˘±‰¬Ú±1 ¸≈À1À1 ﬂ¡˚˛ Œ˚, ˆ¬±1Ó¬¬ı¯«∏1 √À1 Ó≈¬˘Ú±Ó¬ ¸¬ı«±øÒﬂ¡ 1±Ê√˝√ ˜≈Í¬ 1.15 ˘±‡ Œﬂ¡±øÈ¬ È¬ﬂ¡± ¸—¢∂˝√ ˝√˚˛º Ê√Ú¬ıU˘ Î¬◊iß˚˛Ú˙œ˘ 1±©Üò ¤‡Ú1 ¬ı±À¬ı GST1 √À1 ﬂ¡1 ¬ı…ª¶ö± ø˚¸˜˚˛Ó¬ ø¬ıù´¬ı…±¬Ûœ ˜˝√±˜±1œ1 1+¬Û Ò±1Ì ﬂ¡1± Covid-19 Œ˚˛ ¤È¬± Œ√˙1 ¬ı˝√Úé¬˜ ø¬ıﬂ¡±˙1 ¬ı±À¬ı Œﬂ¡ª˘ Ê√øÈ¬À˘˝◊√ Ú˝√˚˛ ˝◊√ Œ√˙1 ¬2020 ¬ı¯«∏Ó¬ ø¬ıù´1 õ∂±˚˛ ¸ﬂ¡À˘± ø¬ı˘±ﬂ¡ 1±©Üò1 ’Ô«ÚœøÓ¬ﬂ¡ ¬ı±øÌÊ√… ‡G1 ¸•x¸±1ÌÀÓ¬± õ∂øÓ¬ﬂ≈¡˘ ¬ı±Ó¬±¬ı1Ì ¸‘ø©Ü ﬂ¡ø1¬ı ¬Û±À1º õ∂ˆ¬±ª±øi§Ó¬ ﬂ¡ø1 ˜µ±ª¶ö±1 ø√À˙ ŒÍ¬ø˘ øÚÀ˚˛, ŒÓ¬ÀÚ ¸˜˚˛Ó¬ ˝◊√˚˛±À1±¬Ûø1 ‰¬1ﬂ¡±À1 øÚÀÊ√ ¶§œﬂ¡±1 ﬂ¡À1 GST Return 1 Œé¬SÓ¬ ’±˜±1 Œ√˙ ˆ¬±1Ó¬¬ı¯«∏1 ’Ô«ÚœøÓ¬› ¤ÀÚ õ∂ˆ¬±ª1 ¬Û1± ¸≈ﬂ¡œ˚˛± øﬂ¡Â≈√ Ê√øÈ¬˘Ó¬± ÚÔﬂ¡± Ú˝√˚˛º ¤˝◊√ Œé¬SÓ¬ GST ’±˝◊√Úﬂ¡ ¶Û©ÜÓ¬± Ú±øÂ√˘º Œ√˙1 õ∂øÓ¬ÀÈ¬± ’±øÔ«ﬂ¡ ‡G1 ø¬ıﬂ¡±˙ Ÿ¬Ì±Rﬂ¡ ø√˙Ó¬ ﬂ¡1±ÀÓ¬± ’±ª˙…ﬂ¡º ’±Àﬂ¡Ã ¬ıU ¸˜˚˛Ó¬ Œﬂ¡f ’±1n∏ 1±Ê√…1 ˜±Ê√Ó¬ ·øÓ¬ ﬂ¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ Œ˘±ª±1 Ù¬˘Ó¬ ‰¬1ﬂ¡±11 GST 1±Ê√˝√1 ›¬Û1ÀÓ¬± GST 1 1±Ê√˝√ ˆ¬±· ø¬ıÓ¬1Ìﬂ¡ ∆˘ ¸‘ø©Ü Œ˝√±ª± ø¬ı¬ı±√ ’±ø˜ ˝◊√˚˛±1 õ∂øÓ¬ﬂ≈¡˘ õ∂ˆ¬±ª ¬Ûø1˘øé¬Ó¬ ˝√˚˛º Ù¬˘¶§1+À¬Û 2020 ¬ı¯«∏1 Œ√ø‡¬ıÕ˘ ¬Û±›“º ø¬ıÀ˙¯∏Õﬂ¡ IGST 1 Œé¬SÓ¬ ¤ÀÚ Ò1Ì1 ø¬ı¬ı±√ ¤øõ∂˘ ˜±˝√1 ¬Û1± ¤øÓ¬˚˛±Õ˘Àﬂ¡ õ∂øÓ¬˜±˝√1 Ó≈¬˘Ú±Ó¬ ¸¬ı±ÀÓ¬±Õﬂ¡ ¸‘ø©Ü ˝√˚˛º ¸˜±ôL1±˘ˆ¬±À¬ı ’±ø˜ Œ√ø‡¬ıÕ˘ ¬Û±›“ Œ˚, Œ√˙Ó¬ øÚ•ß GST 1±Ê√˝√ ˜≈Í¬ 32172 Œﬂ¡±øÈ¬ È¬ﬂ¡± ¸—¢∂˝√ ˝√˚˛º ¬ıÓ«¬˜±ÀÚ› ¬ıUÀÓ¬± ^¬ı… ¸±˜¢∂œ GST 1 ’ÒœÚÓ¬ ’Ú± Œ˝√±ª± GST 1 øˆ¬iß1+¬Ûœ ·øÓ¬Ò±1±1 ¤ÀÚø¬ı˘±ﬂ¡ Ó¬Ô…ﬂ¡ Ú±˝◊√º Œ˚ÀÚ Œ¬Û¬∏Cø˘˚˛±˜ ‡Gº ŒÓ¬ÀÚ ¶ö˘Ó¬ Œ√˙Ó¬ ¸ﬂ¡À˘± ^¬ı… Ó≈¬˘Ú±˜”˘ﬂ¡ ø¬ıÀ˙°¯∏Ì1 ¬Û1± ’±ø˜ ﬂ¡í¬ı ¬Û±À1± Œ˚, ¤˝◊√ ¬ÛÀ1±é¬ ’±1n∏ Œ¸ª±1 ¬ı±À¬ı ¤ﬂ¡ ﬂ¡1 ¬ı…ª¶ö± Œ˝√±ª± ¬ı≈ø˘ ﬂ¡1± ‰¬1ﬂ¡±1œ ˚≈øMê√ ﬂ¡1 ¬ı…ª¶ö± ¸”‰¬Ú± Œ˝√±ª±1 ¬Û1± ¬ıÓ«¬˜±Ú ¸˜˚˛Õ˘Àﬂ¡ ˝◊√˚˛±1 ¬Û1± ¤˝◊√ Œé¬SÓ¬ øˆ¬øM√˝√œÚ ∆˝√ ¬ÛÀ1º GST 1 Ê√øÈ¬˘ ﬂ¡1 õ∂øSê˚˛±Ó¬ ¸—·‘˝√œÓ¬ ﬂ¡1 1±Ê√˝√1 ¬Ûø1˜±Ì Sê˜±» ¬ı‘øX ¬Û±˝◊√ÀÂ√º øﬂ¡c ¤˝◊√ ¬Ûø1 é≈¬^ ’±1n∏ ˜Ê√˘œ˚˛± Î¬◊À√…±· ‡G ·ˆ¬œ1 ¸—ﬂ¡È¬1 ¸ij≈‡œÚ Œé¬SÓ¬ ¬ı‘øX1 ˙Ó¬ﬂ¡1± ˝√±1 ˝◊√˜±Ú Œ¬ıøÂ√ ¸ÀôL±¯∏Ê√Úﬂ¡ ¬ı≈ø˘ ’±ø˜ ∆˝√ÀÂ√ ¬ı≈ø˘› MSME 1 Î¬◊À√…±·¬ÛøÓ¬ ¸ﬂ¡À˘ ’ª·Ó¬ ﬂ¡ø1 ﬂ¡í¬ı ŒÚ±ª±À1±º ˝◊√˚˛±1 ¬Û±Â√ÀÓ¬ Œﬂ¡±ÀÚ± ¤ﬂ¡ ÚÓ≈¬Ú ¸—¶®1Ì1 ’±ø˝√ÀÂ√º Ù¬˘±Ù¬˘ﬂ¡ ’±ø˜ øÚÌ«˚˛ ﬂ¡ø1¬ı ¬Û±À1± ¬Û”¬ı«1 ’ª¶ö±1 ¬˘·Ó¬ Ó≈¬˘Ú±1 GST 1 õ∂À˚˛±·1 Œé¬SÓ¬ Ôﬂ¡± ’±À¸±“ª±˝√, SêøÈ¬ ¬ı± Ê√ø1˚˛ÀÓ¬º ·øÓ¬Àﬂ¡ ’±˜±1 Œ√˙Ó¬ GST ﬂ¡1 ¸—¶®1ÌÀ1± ø¬ı·Ó¬ ¸œ˜±¬ıXÓ¬±À¬ı±1 ¬Û≈Ú1 ¸—À˙±ÒÚ ﬂ¡ø1 Œ√˙1 ’Ô«ÚœøÓ¬ﬂ¡ È¬Úøﬂ¡˚˛±˘ ‰¬±ø1È¬± ¬ıÂ√11 Ù¬˘±Ù¬˘1 ø¬ı‰¬±1 ﬂ¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ ¬Û”¬ı«1 ’ª¶ö±1 ˘·Ó¬ ˝◊√˚˛±1 ﬂ¡1±1 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○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ø¬ıù´¬ı±¸œ1 ¬ı±À¬ı ¤øÈ¬ ’øÓ¬ &1n∏Q¬Û”Ì« Ó¬Ô± Œ˘‡Ó¬ Ú±Â√±1 ‰¬f ’øˆ¬˚±Úﬂ¡ ˘í¬ı˘·œ˚˛± ø¬ı¯∏˚˛ Œ˚ ‰¬f¬Û‘á¬Ó¬ ˜±Úª ’ªÓ¬1Ì ¸“‰¬±˝√◊ ¸Ó¬… ŒÚ∑ ¬ıU Œ˘±Àﬂ¡ øﬂ¡˚˛ ø˜Â√± ¬ı≈ø˘ 1969 ‰¬Ú1 16 Ê≈√˘±˝√◊ Ó¬±ø1À‡ ’±À˜ø1ﬂ¡±1 ˜˝√±ﬂ¡±˙ Ò±1Ì± ﬂ¡À1 ·Àª¯∏Ì± ¸—¶ö± Ú±Â√±˝√◊ ¬ÛÀÍ¬±ª± ë¤¬Û˘í 11í ‰¬f¬Û‘á¬Ó¬ ’ªÓ¬1Ì ﬂ¡À1º Úœ˘ ’±˜«©Ü™—, ¤Î¬Î◊¬˝√◊Ú ¤˘øEÚ ’±1n∏ ˜±˝√◊Àﬂ¡˘ ﬂ¡ø˘À„√ ø˜Ú±¿ Œ˙ÚÀ‰¬±ª± ’±Í¬ø√Úœ˚˛± ‰¬f ’øˆ¬˚±Ú ¸•Û”Ì« ﬂ¡À1º øÎ¬.¤˘.¤Î¬. Ó‘¬Ó¬œ˚˛ ¯∏±∞√¨±ø¸ﬂ¡ ‰¬f ’øˆ¬˚±Ú1 ¸˜˚˛Ó¬ ŒÓ¬›“À˘±Àﬂ¡ ‰¬f ¬Û‘á¬1 ø¬ıøˆ¬iß Â√ø¬ı ’±1n∏ øˆ¬øÎ¬’í ‘√˙…±—˙ Œ˘±ª±1 Î◊¬¬Ûø1› Ó¬±1 ¬Û1± øﬂ¡Â≈√˜±Ú ø˙˘±‡G Ó¬Ô± ’±Ú ’±Ú ¬Û√±Ô«1¡ Ú˜≈Ú±› ¸—¢∂˝√ ﬂ¡ø1 ’±øÚøÂ√˘º ‰¬fÓ¬ ’ªÓ¬1Ì ﬂ¡1± Œ¸˝√◊ ø¬ı1˘ ˜≈˝”√Ó«¬À¬ı±11 Œ¬Û±Ú¬ÛÈ¬œ˚˛± ¸•x‰¬±1 ø¬ıù´¬ı±¸œÀ˚˛ ŒÈ¬ø˘øˆ¬‰¬Ú1 ¬Û√«±Ó¬ ‰¬±˝√◊ ’øˆ¬ˆ”¬Ó¬ ∆˝√øÂ√˘º ˜±Ú≈˝√1 ˜Ú ¸Àµ˝√õ∂ªÌº ¸˜˚˛ ¬ı±·ø1 Œ˚±ª±1 ˘À· ˘À· ë¤¬Û˘í-11í ’øˆ¬˚±ÚÓ¬ ¸—¢∂ø˝√Ó¬ Â√ø¬ı ’±1n∏ øˆ¬øÎ¬’í ‘√˙…±—˙ ¸˜”˝√Ó¬ ’ÀÚﬂ¡ ‡≈“Ó¬ ›˘±˝√◊ ¬Ûø1˘ ˚±1 Ù¬˘Ó¬ ¤˝√◊ ’øˆ¬˚±Ú1 ¸Ó¬…Ó¬±ﬂ¡ ∆˘ ¬ıUÀÓ¬ ¸Àµ˝√ õ∂ﬂ¡±˙ ﬂ¡ø1À˘º ≈√˝√◊ ¤Ê√Ú ¬ı…øMêÀ˚˛ ’±Úøﬂ¡ ¤˝√◊ ¸˜¢∂ ’øˆ¬˚±ÚÀÈ¬± ˆ≈¬ª± ¬ı≈ø˘ õ∂ùü Ó≈¬ø˘øÂ√˘º ŒÓ¬›“À˘±ﬂ¡1 ˜ÀÓ¬ ¬Û‘øÔªœÀ1˝√◊ Œﬂ¡±ÀÚ± ’—˙Ó¬ Œ˘±ª± Â√ø¬ı ’±1n∏ øˆ¬øÎ¬’í1 ¸˝√±˚˛Ó¬ Ú±Â√±˝√◊ ¸˜¢∂ ø¬ıù´ﬂ¡ ’±ˆ≈¬ª± ˆ¬1±¬ıÕ˘ Œ‰¬©Ü± 84

○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ﬂ¡ø1øÂ√˘º øÂ√øÈ¬øﬂ¡ ’“±Ó¬1Ó¬ Œ¬Û˘±˚˛Õ·º øﬂ¡c ‰¬f ¬Û‘á¬Ó¬ ˜˝√±ﬂ¡±˙ ˚±Ú1 ¤˝√◊ ˜±Úª1 ‰¬f ’øˆ¬˚±Ú1 ¸Ó¬…Ó¬±ﬂ¡ ∆˘ õ∂Ô˜ ¸Àµ˝√1 õ∂‰¬G ˆ¬1À¬ı·1 øSê˚˛±Ó¬ ˝√í¬ı˘·œ˚˛± ¸±˜±Ú…Ó¬˜ ·“±Ó¬ ¬ı± ø‰¬˝√ê ¬Û˚«ôL Œ√‡± Ú·í˘º ’±Àﬂ¡Ã ˚ø√À˝√ ‰¬f¬Û‘á¬ Ò”ø˘À1 ’±ª1± ˜1n∏ˆ”¬ø˜ ¸‘√˙ ’±„≈√ø˘ ŒÈ¬“±ª±˝√◊øÂ√˘ ø¬ı˘ Œﬂ¡˝√◊ø‰¬— Ú±˜1 ¤Ê√Ú ¬ı…øMêÀ˚˛º 1969 ¤ﬂ¡ Í¬±˝√◊, ŒÓ¬ÀôL ˜˝√±ﬂ¡±˙˚±Ú‡Ú1 ¬Û√À¬ı±1 Ò”ø˘À1 ¬Ûø1¬Û”Ì« ∆˝√ ‰¬Ú1 Œ¸˝√◊ ø¬ıÀ˙¯∏ ø√ÚÀÈ¬±Ó¬ ’±Ú ¬ıUÓ¬1 √À1˝√◊ Œﬂ¡˝√◊ø‰¬À„√› Ô±øﬂ¡¬ı ˘±ø·øÂ√˘º øﬂ¡c Ó¬±Ó¬ Ò”ø˘1 ø‰¬Ú-Œ˜±ﬂ¡±À˜˝√◊ Œ¬Û±ª± Ú·í˘º ŒÈ¬ø˘øˆ¬‰¬Ú1 ¬Û√«±Ó¬ ‰¬f¬Û‘á¬Ó¬ ’ªÓ¬1Ì ﬂ¡1±1 Œ¸˝√◊ ‘√˙…¸˜”˝√ ‰¬±˝√◊ 3] ˜±Ò…±ﬂ¡¯∏«Ì1 ¬Û±Ô«ﬂ¡… – ’±øÂ√˘ ’±1n∏ Œ¸˝√◊À¬ı±1 Œ√ø‡ ŒÓ¬›“ ’Ú≈ˆ¬ª ﬂ¡ø1øÂ√˘ Œ˚Ú Œ¸˝√◊À¬ı±1 ﬂ¡í1¬ı±Ó¬ ˜=¶ö ﬂ¡1± ‘√˙…À˝√/ 1974 ‰¬ÚÓ¬ ŒÓ¬›“ ¤˝√◊ ø¬ı¯∏À˚˛ ¤‡Ú ’±ø˜ ¸ﬂ¡À˘±Àª Ê√±ÀÚ± Œ˚ ‰¬f1 ˜±Ò…±ﬂ¡¯∏«Ì ¬Û‘øÔªœ1 øﬂ¡Ó¬±¬Û ø˘ø‡ õ∂ﬂ¡±˙ ﬂ¡ø1 Î◊¬ø˘˚˛±À˘ - \"We never went to ˜±Ò…±ﬂ¡¯∏«Ì1 Â√˚˛ ˆ¬±·1 ¤ˆ¬±·º ·øÓ¬Àﬂ¡ ‰¬f¬Û‘á¬Ó¬ Œ‡±Ê√ ﬂ¡±øÏ¬ˇÀ˘ the moon : America's thirty billion dollar swindle\"º ¬Û‘øÔªœ¬Û‘á¬Ó¬ Œ‡±Ê√ ﬂ¡Ï¬ˇ±1 Ó≈¬˘Ú±Ó¬ øﬂ¡Â≈√ ˘±À˝√ ˘±À˝√ Œ˚±ª±1 øÚø‰¬Ú± øﬂ¡Ó¬±¬Û‡ÚÓ¬ Ú±Â√±1 ‰¬f ’øˆ¬˚±Ú ¸•Û”Ì« ø˜Â√± ¬ı≈ø˘ ∆ﬂ¡ Ó¬±1 Œ√ø‡¬ı ˘±À·º øﬂ¡c ˜˝√±ﬂ¡±˙Ó¬ Œ˘±ª± øˆ¬øÎ¬’íÀ¬ı±1Ó¬ ¬Û‘øÔªœÓ¬ ¸¬ÛÀé¬ ¬ıUÀÓ¬± ˚≈øMê Ó¬Ô… ¸˝√ﬂ¡±À1 √±ø„√ Òø1øÂ√˘º ˝√◊˚˛±1 ø¬ÛÂ√ÀÓ¬ Œ‡±Ê√ ﬂ¡Ï¬ˇ± Œ˚ÚÀ˝√ ˘±À·º ’±À˜ø1ﬂ¡±1 Flat Earth Society 1 Ó¬1Ù¬1 ¬Û1± Œﬂ¡±ª± ˝√í˘ Œ˚ 4] ¬ÛÓ¬±ﬂ¡±‡Ú ﬂ¡“ø¬Û Ôﬂ¡±1 ‘√˙… – ‰¬f ’øˆ¬˚±ÚÓ¬ Œ√‡≈›ª± øˆ¬øÎ¬’í Ù≈¬ÀÈ¬Ê√ ’±1n∏ Â√ø¬ıÀ¬ı±1 Ú±Â√±1 ¸˝√À˚±·Ó¬ øÚ«˜±Ì ﬂ¡1± ¤øÓ¬˚˛±1 ¸ﬂ¡À˘±Ó¬Õﬂ¡ ¬ı…˚˛¬ıU˘ ¤‡Ú ‰¬fÓ¬ Œﬂ¡±ÀÚ± ¬ı±˚˛≈ Ú±˝√◊º ·øÓ¬Àﬂ¡ ‰¬f¬Û‘á¬Ó¬ ¬ıÓ¬±˝√ ¬ı˘±1 ‰¬˘ø‰¬S1 øﬂ¡Â≈√˜±Ú ‘√˙…±—˙ ˜±ÀÔ±Ú/ õ∂ùü˝√◊ Î◊¬øÍ¬¬ı ŒÚ±ª±À1º ¤¬Û˘í ’øˆ¬˚±Ú1 ¤È¬± øˆ¬øÎ¬’íÓ¬ ˜˝√±ﬂ¡±˙‰¬±1œ¸ﬂ¡À˘ ‰¬f¬Û‘á¬Ó¬ ¬Û≈øÓ¬¬ıÕ˘ Œ˘±ª± ’ª¶ö±Ó¬ 1969 ‰¬Ú1 ‰¬f ’øˆ¬˚±ÚÓ¬ ∆¬ı:±øÚﬂ¡ Î◊¬¬ÛÀ√©Ü± ø˝√‰¬±À¬Û ’±À˜ø1ﬂ¡±1 Ê√±Ó¬œ˚˛ ¬ÛÓ¬±ﬂ¡±‡Ú øÍ¬ﬂ¡ ¬ıÓ¬±˝√ ˘±ø· Ôﬂ¡± øÚø‰¬Ú±Õﬂ¡ ﬂ¡±˜ ﬂ¡ø1øÂ√˘ ¬ıË±˚˛±Ú ’À˘ø1 Ú±˜1 ¬ı…øMêÊ√ÀÚº ŒÓ¬À‡Ó¬1 ˆ¬±¯∏… ﬂ¡“ø¬Û Ôﬂ¡± ¶Û©ÜÕﬂ¡ Œ√ø‡¬ıÕ˘ Œ¬Û±ª± ∆·ÀÂ√º ’Ú≈¸ø1 ø¬ıù´1 õ∂Ô˜ ˜±Úª ‰¬f ’øˆ¬˚±Ú ﬂ¡1± Œ√˙ ø˝√‰¬±À¬Û ‡…±Ó¬ 5] ﬂ‘¡øS˜ Œ¬Û±˝√11 Î◊¬»¸ – ˝√í¬ıÕ˘ Ú±Â√±˝√◊ ¤ÀÚﬂ≈¡ª± ﬂ¡ø1¬ı ¬Û1±ÀÓ¬± ¤Àﬂ¡± Î¬±„√1 ﬂ¡Ô± Ú˝√˚˛º øﬂ¡c ŒÓ¬›“À˘±Àﬂ¡ ø˜Â√±1 ’±|˚˛ ˘íÀ˘ ¬ı± øﬂ¡˚˛∑ ¤˝√◊ õ∂ùü1 Î◊¬M√1 ‰¬f1 ¤ﬂ¡˜±S Œ¬Û±˝√11 Î◊¬»¸ ˝√í˘ ¸”˚«º ˜˝√±ﬂ¡±˙‰¬±1œ ¬Û±¬ıÕ˘ ’±À˜ø1ﬂ¡± ’±1n∏ ŒÂ√±øˆ¬À˚˛È¬ ˝√◊Î◊¬øÚ˚˛Ú1 ˜±Ê√Ó¬ Œ˝√±ª± ¸ﬂ¡À˘ ﬂ¡øÏ¬ˇ˚˛±˝√◊ øÚ˚˛± Œﬂ¡À˜1± ¸˜”˝√ÀÓ¬± Œﬂ¡±ÀÚ± Ùv¬±Â√˘±˝√◊È¬ Ú±øÂ√˘º ˙œÓ¬˘ ˚≈X1 ¸˜˚˛ø‡øÚÕ˘ Î◊¬ˆ¬øÓ¬ ˚±¬ı ˘±ø·¬ıº Œﬂ¡±ÀÚ± ¤Í¬±˝√◊Ó¬ ˚ø√ ¤È¬± ˜±S Œ¬Û±˝√11 Î◊¬»¸ Ô±Àﬂ¡ Ó¬±Ó¬ Ôﬂ¡± ¬ıdÀ¬ı±11 Â√“±À¬ı±1 ¸˜±ôL1±˘ ˝√˚˛, ’øˆ¬¸±ø1 ¬ı± ’¬Û¸±ø1 Œﬂ¡øÓ¬˚˛±› 1957 ‰¬ÚÓ¬ ŒÂ√±øˆ¬À˚˛È¬ 1±øÂ√˚˛±˝√◊ ø¬ıù´1 õ∂Ô˜ÀÈ¬± ﬂ‘¡øS˜ Ú˝√˚˛º ‰¬f ’øˆ¬˚±Ú1 Œﬂ¡˝√◊¬ı±È¬±› ‚È¬Ú±Ó¬ Â√“± Œ√‡± ∆·ÀÂ√º Î◊¬¬Û¢∂˝√ ˜˝√±ﬂ¡±˙Õ˘ Œõ∂1Ì ﬂ¡À1º ¤˝√◊ ¸Ù¬˘Ó¬± ¬Û‘øÔªœ1 ¤˝√◊À¬ı±1ﬂ¡ ¤Ù¬±À˘ ¬ıÏ¬ˇ±˝√◊ ø√À˘ ¤È¬± ø¬ıµ≈Ó¬ ﬂ¡È¬± ﬂ¡øÈ¬ ﬂ¡À1º ˝√◊˚˛±1 ‰¬±ø1›ø¬ÛÀÚ õ∂√ø˙«Ó¬ ˝√˚˛º ˝√◊˚˛±1 ø¬ı¬Û1œÀÓ¬ ˜˝√±ﬂ¡±˙ ¸•§gœ˚˛ ’Ô« ˝√í˘ Œ˚ Ó¬±Ó¬ ≈√˝√◊ ¬ı± ’øÒﬂ¡ Œ¬Û±˝√11 Î◊¬»¸ ¬ı…ª˝√±1 ﬂ¡1± Œé¬S‡ÚÓ¬ ’±À˜ø1ﬂ¡±1 ’¢∂·øÓ¬ ’±øÂ√˘ ≈√‡ ˘·±º ¬Û‘øÔªœ ¬Û‘á¬1 ∆˝√ÀÂ√º ’Ô«±» ¤˝√◊À¬ı±1 ‰¬f¬Û‘á¬Ó¬ Œ˘±ª± Â√ø¬ı Ú˝√˚˛º ¸±˜±Ú… Î◊¬2‰√Ó¬±Ó¬ ﬂ¡1± Ú±Â√±1 ¬ıU ¬Û1œé¬± ø¬ıÙ¬˘ ∆˝√øÂ√˘º Œ¸À˚˛À˝√ 6] ‰¬f¬Û‘á¬Ó¬ Î◊¬¯∏ûÓ¬±1 Ó¬±1Ó¬±˜… – ø¬ı˘ Œﬂ¡˝√◊ø‰¬À„√ ˜Ó¬À¬Û±¯∏Ì ﬂ¡À1 Œ˚ ˜±Úª¸˝√ ‰¬fÕ˘ ∆· ¬Û≈Ú1 ¸≈ﬂ¡˘À˜ ‚≈ø1 ’±ø˝√¬ı ¬Û1± ¸y±ªÚœ˚˛Ó¬± Œ¸˝√◊ ¸˜˚˛Ó¬ 0.0019 ¬Û‘øÔªœÓ¬ ø√Ú1 ˆ¬±·Ó¬ Â√“± ¬Û1± ’—˙Ó¬ 1À˘ 1í√ ¬Û1± ˙Ó¬±—˙ ˜±Sº ’Ô«±» ’¸yªõ∂±˚˛º Œ¸À˚˛ Î◊¬¬Û±˚˛ø¬ı˝√œÚ ∆˝√ Í¬±˝√◊1 Ó≈¬˘Ú±Ó¬ øﬂ¡Â≈√ ˙œÓ¬˘ ’Ú≈ˆ¬ª ˝√˚˛º ¬Û‘øÔªœ1 ¬ı±˚˛≈˜G˘1 ¬ı±À¬ı ’ªÀ˙¯∏Ó¬ Ú±Â√±˝√◊ ø˜Â√±1 ’±|˚˛ ˘íÀ˘º 1í√ ’±1n∏ Â√“± ¬Û1± Í¬±˝√◊1 Î◊¬¯∏ûÓ¬±1 Ó¬±1Ó¬˜… Œ¬ıøÂ√ Ú˝√˚˛º ‰¬fÓ¬ ¬ı±˚˛≈˜G˘ ÚÔﬂ¡± Â√“± ¬Û1± Í¬±˝√◊1 Î◊¬¯∏ûÓ¬± Ÿ¬Ú±Rﬂ¡ 2500 ŒÂ√˘øÂ√˚˛±Â√ Œ¸˝√◊ ¸˜˚˛Ó¬ ŒÈ¬ø˘øˆ¬‰¬ÚÓ¬ ø˚ ‘√˙… õ∂Ó¬…é¬ ﬂ¡1± ˝√˚˛ Ó¬±1 ’±1n∏ 1í√ ¬Û1± Í¬±˝√◊1 Î◊¬¯∏ûÓ¬± ÒÚ±Rﬂ¡ 2500 ŒÂ√˘øÂ√˚˛±Â√ Œ˝√±ª±1 ¬Û1± Œﬂ¡˝√◊È¬±˜±Ú ’¸Ó¬…Ó¬±1 õ∂˜±Ì √±ø„√ Òø1¬ı ¬Û±ø1- ¬Û”Ì« ¸y±ªÚ± ’±ÀÂ√º ˜˝√±ﬂ¡±˙‰¬±1œ ¸ﬂ¡À˘ ¬Ûø1Ò±Ú ﬂ¡1± Œ¬Û±‰¬±ﬂ¡ 1] Ó¬1±ø¬ı˝√œÚ ’±ﬂ¡±˙ – ˝√◊˜±Ú Œ¬ıøÂ√ Î◊¬¯∏ûÓ¬±1 Ó¬±1Ó¬˜… ¬ı˝√Ú ﬂ¡ø1¬ı ¬Û1± Ò1ÀÌ ˜Ê√¬ı≈Ó¬ Ú±øÂ√˘ ¬ı≈ø˘ ¬ıUÀÓ¬ ˜Ó¬ õ∂ﬂ¡±˙ ﬂ¡À1º 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○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ Online Education Online Education vs. Computer-based training, web-based training, Traditional Education internetbasedtraining,onlinetraining,e-learning (electronic learning), m-learning (mobile learning), computer-aided Porishmita Dowerah distance education - OnlineEducation goesby manynames D.El.Ed. 3rd Semester and comes in a variety of styles, but at its core, online courses are typically defined courses where at least 80% of the content is delivered online without face-to-face meetings. Online courses and degree programs are more convenientand cheaper than their counterpartsintraditional education. Those are the two main advantages of online learning that leadmany studentstoopt foronline platforms when they want to earn a degree or certificate. The best thing about online learning is that you canlearn in a relaxed manner even if you don’t want to get certified. You only need passion for learning and a quick online search that will take you to the right course. From that point on, you will be the master of your own education. Another important advantage of online education systems is, we can attendthe bestlecture and haveaccess to best learning materials from all across the globe. Traditional Education Traditionaleducationis definedasteacher-centered delivery of instruction to classes of students who are the receiversof information.Traditionalschools generally stress basiceducationalpractices and expectmastery of academic learning in the core subjects of math, reading, writing, science and social studies. Traditional education means education in which instruction takes place between an instructor and students where all are physically present in the same classroom. It referstolong-establishedcustoms that society traditionally used in schools. The main motive of traditionaleducation is topass on the values,manners skills and the social practice to the next generation which is necessary for their survival. In traditionaleducation, the student learns about the customs and tradition of the society in which he lives.In traditional forms of education it may sometimes be very costly to access learning materials from across the globe and to physically attend lectures of some international teachers/ instructors. For decades, scholars have debated which mode of educationis superior.Someargue that online is superior andothersarguingthatonlineisless effectivethan traditional face- to- face courses. Still others suggest that the hybrid mode (e.g., online blended with face- to- face lectures) is the most desired and productive content delivery method forstudents.However,students’perceptions towardsonline 86

○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ learning as comparedto traditionalface-to- face learning for eligible students, but course selections may be have largely been overlooked. This paper intends to fill limited. this void in the literature and explore minority students’ perceptions towards online learning versus traditional Online school students have a multitude of face-to-face modes of education in higher education. personalization options. Teachers can provide extra Traditional vs. Online School Parental support to bolster specific skills and can adapt Involvement instruction to each student’s specific abilities, interests, and learning style. When needed, they can provide one- At a traditional school, parental involvement is on-one support by telephone, email, or in the virtual often limited to things like reviewing homework, attending classroom. Working from home, online school students parent-teacher conferences, or chaperoning field trips. can move more quickly through lessons they grasp easily Many parents are also out of the loop on academic or go slower in courses that are more challenging. performance until the end-of-term report card comes home, leaving parents and students little chance to In addition, with a high-quality online school, course-correct. students of all ages can participate in online clubs and activities and choose from a wide variety of electives With online school, parents have many options to enhance their academic program and pursue their for being involved in their children’s education. As interests. Parents can further personalize a child’s Learning Coaches, parents (or other trusted adults) may education by incorporating real-world, hands-on choose to support learning by structuring the online activities such as community service, scouting, 4-H, and school student’s daily routine or reviewing lessons and fine or performing arts into the learning day. grades as often as they wish. They can consult with Safe Learning Environment online school teachers in regular meetings and, when needed, play an active role by helping to monitor Unlike traditional bricks-and-mortar schools, attendance, progress, and comprehension. While every online school offers parents the ability to control their family does online learning a bit differently, online child’s learning environment. Parents can ensure their educators agree that it’s a good idea to assist with student is learning in a safe, secure atmosphere that is organization and time management, encourage students, free from the bullying and peer pressure that is and praise them for their hard work. sometimes found in a traditional classroom setting. In Scheduling Flexibility addition, learning at home may offer fewer distractions than a traditional classroom setting, allowing students While parents have little to no control over a to focus more easily and get the most out of their time. traditional school’s schedule or learning environment, Conclusion online school parents can set the daily routine and have the flexibility to cultivate an effective learning atmosphere It is possible to see that there are different for their children. benefits to both the traditional education and the online education offered to students in this day and With online school, students do attend some age. There are some individuals who are unable to fixed-schedule events, such as real-time lessons in the work without direct classroom instruction; they are virtual classroom, but they have a much higher degree auditory learners, not visual ones, and for them the of flexibility about where and when they complete their traditional classroom will be the place in which they studies. This allows them to enjoy family time, hobbies, are able to shine. Other students are visual learners, travel, sports, and other activities without missing school finding the traditional classroom tedious and boring, or falling behind in their studies. with the auditory lectures a waste of time as they Personalized Learning have already read all of the material covered in the lecture. These visual learners excel when placed in As with flexibility, many traditional schools an online classroom, as they are able to work at their can’t offer as much personalization. It’s not that the own pace as opposed to the pace of the teacher or educators aren’t dedicated or willing to assist students professor. While it cannot be stated that one method individually, but the logistics of managing a classroom is better or worse than the other, it can be stated full of students makes it difficult—or nearly that one method will be better for some students than impossible—to do so.As a result, traditional education it will be for others, allowing college students to get tends to take a “one-size-fits-all” approach, with fewer the most out of their college experience and providing opportunities for individualized instruction available. them with the availability to do it their own way.×× These schools may offer accelerated and honors classes 87

○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ Google, Reddit and other social media platforms are committed to removing the circulation of misinformation by setting up fact checking mechanism to detect a lie. In India the spread of fake news on social media has created an unprecedented crisis. In 2018, the spread of fake rumors of child abductions and cow slaughter resulted in widespread mob violence and lynching, where the accused were beaten or killed.As many as 24 people were killed in mob attacks in 2018 alone, a report by Indian Spend suggests. And how can we FAKE NEWS - forget the brutal mob lynching incident ofAbhi and Neel that took place at Karbi Anglong’s Dokmoka where IMPACT ON SOCIETY they became victims of social media. During the CAA protest, Security and Bipta Debnath Intelligence agencies in India have identified and traced D.El.Ed. 3rd Semester more than 5000 Pakistan based social media handles actively spreading fake and false propaganda on F citizenshipAmendment Act,2019. Some of them even ake news is no less than a dangerous disease used “deep fake videos” of protests to incite communal which is spreading rapidly. There are different sources violence in the country. Congress leader and Member of news like news media, audiovisual news and the most of Parliament Sashi Tharoor recently tweeted an old important one people come by these days is picture showing a woman holding an intravenous tube INTERNET (SOCIAL MEDIA). There are many connected to a child’s forearm as he defecates, to take instances of fake news like fabricated news which have a dig at the “Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan” policy. been circulated intentionally or unintentionally. Media However, BOOM(An independent digital journalism is a very strong and independent pillar of democracy. It initiativewithamissiontofightmisinformationandmake acts like a watchdog and mirror of the society but the internet safer)found that the photograph shared by unfortunately it is now seen to be guided and controlled Tharoor was clicked in 2017 by Amitesh Kumar, by the interest of their investors. They tend to assistance producer with The Lallantop, a news portal. psychologically control and manipulate the common Fake news is quickly becoming an epidemic masses by their fake propaganda and such domination because if a lie is repeated enough times, you will begin acts as a slow poison which is more dangerous than to believe its true. Fake rumors that targets specific any kind of imperialism. Fake news propels individual can have major consequence leading to disinformation and misinformation which can create harassments, insults, threats that can eventually pose a public chaos.As we drool in such fake news emotions danger to someone’s life. However today a number of like hatred, discrimination expand in our mind. Now let facts checking mechanism are running throughout to us look at some few examples to understand better the detect the false information that is circulating in different impact of fake news in the society. social media platforms. Fake news gave harmful effect Talking about the ongoing pandemic of on democracy as we have seen during the 2016 US COVID-19, According to WHO, COVID-19 related election campaign when hundreds of websites published infodemic is just as dangerous as the virus itself. False false or biased stories. Nowadays social media preventive measures, such as traditional African platforms are used as a tool for campaigning during treatment and fake remedies like eating garlic, drinking elections with an intention to manipulate public opinion warm water with lemon slices or adulterated alcohol largely even by spreading fake news to gather votes, hinders the fight against the illness. There have been so we the common people need to be very conscious conspiracy theories accusing china of manufacturing the regarding whatever news we come across. We must virus and such rumors, myths fuels new forms of think and rethink before sharing anything and must xenophobia online and offline. However, Facebook, research well ×× 88

○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ A Journey to The Land of Rising Sun... Ranjit Thakur B.Ed. 3rd Semester When the sun first strikes India, it shines upon Arunachal’s wild jungles and tribal communities.Arunachal, means \"Land of rising sun.\"Arunachal Pradesh is a sprawling mountainous territory, a land of mighty rocks and luxuriant forests, gentle streams and ragging torrents, presents a breath-taking spectacle of nature in all her glory, raw and unspoiled and untamed in wild profusion of flora and fauna, customs, language and dress. And to explore the beauty ofArunachal Pradesh we clubbed our excursion which is a part of the syllabus of theArt in Education, B.Ed. 2nd Semester (2019-21). Excursions provides an ideal ‘outdoor classroom’ setting that is not within the routine learning experience. Excursions are part of quality teaching and learning programs because they deliver the teaching content through experiences that are not available in the college. We plan one day excursion atArunachal Pradesh of venue(s) DEOPANI RIVER (ROING), RIWATCH MUSEUM (ABALI VILLAGE, ROING), BHISMAKNAGAR, and GOLDEN PAGODDA (TENGAPANI, NAMSAI). Most of us hardly sleep at the night.At 5.30 am it started raining. I waited some time for the rain to stop, but there were no sign of that. I reached at the DIET, Campus well before 6.15 am. Our journey to ROING kick started from DIET, Dibrugarh Campus at 6.30 am. All the participating teachers were already arrived at the campus at 6.00 am. 89

○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ The journey started with lot of excitement and of bamboo and plant-products and expertise by enthusiasm. All the teacher trainees and the lecturers communities to make utensils and household articles are very excited to see the land of rising sun. the versatility of bamboo, cane and herbal gums is beautifully visible in the “Yakhang”, a bamboo basket On the way of our journey we take a hold for made waterproof for holding rice beer. The butter- tea a few minutes at the Dr. Bhupen Hazarika Setu, Dhola- vessel by Monpas, a community living in high mountains Sadiya (8.20am) a 9.15 kilometers in length the longest indicate their intrinsic skill and need based approach. bridge in India over water and take few pictures. Ornaments: In any society , the ornaments reflect the artistic advancement attained by its members eg., the After the necessary verification of ILP (INNER Wancho ornaments are marked by crisp designs with LINE PERMIT) at Santipur Gate we arrived at the brilliant red and black beads, while blue beads occur DEOPANI River Bridge around 9.50 am and took our prominently in Idu Mishimi andApatani necklaces breakfast at the riverside and enjoy the beauty of the Weapons and Warheads: Life in mountains and Deopani River and its surroundings. forests was one of constant vigil to the sudden dangers of tribes with wild animals as well as hostile human Our next destination was RIWATCH communities. The most widly used, the ‘Dao’(a long MUSEUM located at Abali. According to the World sword/knife used by all NE tribes) is an eternal Museum Community, there are more than 55,000 companion of the tribes. The Nyshi Dao, herbal poisons museums in 202 countries.And the Research Institution tipped on arrows, the sheath(arrow case) and sheld of WorldAncient, Traditions, and Cultures & Heritage are some major weapons and warheads of the tribes (RIWATCH) Museum is one more addition to that of NE displayed in the Museum. We are also being Global Family of Museums. It is a non-profit, Research abled to be familiar with the various HEADGEARS of cum Community based organization demonstrating how the local tribes with their traditional crafts. cultural empowerment of ethnic, communities is crucial for sustainable development. It was established with Through the displays we also being able to an objective to research and document the rich cultural familiar with Ms. Tine Mena, the first women Everester heritage of North East of India in general andArunachal from the Northeast of India, belonged to Idu-Mishmi Pradesh in particular and find out the commonalities tribe of the Lower Dibang Valley District ofArunachal among the different ethnic communities from all over Pradesh. In spite of poor family conditions and lack of the world. It include historicArtefact associated with a resources her commitment and determinations bring her person, family, or event of local, state, or national to climb the topmost peak Mount Everest on 09 May, significance, ethnic, paintings, sculpture, drawings, 2011 at 10-48 am. She donated her mountaineering photographs, or other creative expressions. articles to this museum. KNOWLEDGES AND EXPERIENCES Some other displays of articles includes the ACQUIRED FROM RIWATCH MUSEUM : worship and zodiac instruments used by the tribes of theArunachal Pradesh. Weapons of the Second World RIWATCH museum is a “People’s Museum” War are also displayed in the museum. It is indicating in its’ true sense, as all the articles in the museum are the involvement of the land ofArunachal Pradesh in the contributed free of cost by the communities, visitors Second World War. There is a rare bejewelled copy from surrounding regions and Dalai Lama himself had of The Bhagwad Gita of which have only 10 copies in gifted some rare artefact to the museum. The museum the world and also some copies of Tibetan Buddhism is of International Standard in design as well as in Scripture donated by Dalai Lama. presentation. The inside of the museum was fully decorated with the preservation of ancient traditions, INTERACTION WITH VIJAY SWAMI: cultures and ethnic group of North-East, community Museums are for the preserve and display of life of century old relief. Archaeological findings of Bhismaknagar : The articles and it becomes more important for the museum preserved the archaeological findings i.e. connectivity of the people with their past. In the line of stones (10th -12th century), brick designed with two proper guidance and being familiar with the articles Mr. lion & Tai Ahom Script (12th -15th century), statues Vijay Swamiji, director, RIWATCH guide us throughout etc. of Bhismaknagar archaeological site or vicinity. our visit hours at Museum. In the chairperson of Smt. HouseholdArticles : The household items displayed Runu Gogoi Sonowal, Principal, DIET an interaction belong toArunachali tribes. They highlight the wide use 90

○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ session was anchored by Mr. Ajoy Bhattacharjee sir finds reference in Bhagawad-gita and the Mahabharata. at the conference hall of RIWATCH. The Idu Mishmi tribe is associated with the legend of Rukmini Devi, King Bhismaka’s daughter and Lord In the session Mr. Vijay Swamiji guides us in Krishna’s consort. During the visit at this archaeological the proper understanding of the rich culture, heritage, site we got an opportunity to meet an Idu Mishimi tribes, ethnicity etc. of Arunachal Pradesh and its people with his traditional dress. I observed that the present context along with Padma Shri Satya Narayan site needs extra care and to be maintained properly Moondayoor. In the interaction session Mr. Vijay and preserved for the future generations. Swamiji focused on the role of the people in sustainable development and education with professionalism, At around 3.10 pm we moved on to our next spirituality, values of human life behaviour etc. for the destination, GOLDEN PAGODA, NAMSAI. In the happiness. He take us to the journey of the human way to the same we take a halt at KOLOPANI River civilization and the evolution. His interaction quality side for lunch. After LUNCH we clean and collect all binding us throughout the session and fascinate us to the wastes and dispose it with the proper manner. The know more about the human life cycle. beauty of the place can’t be compromise with the materialistic happiness. It must be protect with proper In the interaction session we obliged to meet hygiene and cleanliness drive. Padma Shri Satya Narayan Mundayoor, popularly known as UNCLE MOOSA a social worker who Around 4.25 pm we arrived at our last site of dedicated his life to promoting education and fostering visit, The Golden Pagoda which is built on plateau a culture of reading in the remote areas of North East overlooking the plains at the foothill of the last fringes State. His motivational speech will always motivate us of Eastern Himalayas of Patkai Range in Arunachal in the teaching profession. He mentioned about the role Pradesh. It is situated in the banks of River Teang, of teacher that a teacher should always be with the Kongmu Kham at Tengapani It is built in Burmese students and he must help the every child to reach out architectural design and style. The splendid golden the book for reading. And it can be done with the help pagoda built in the Thai/Burmese style sits majestically of easy to access libraries not only at school or colleges amidst a beautiful landscaped garden surrounded by but also at the every important public gathering places. lush greenery and exudes peace and serenity. The He believes that young generations should be motivated Golden Pagoda is housed a beautiful gilded statue of more on productive activities rather than traditional basis Buddha which is modelled on the kala Buddha of of education. Nalanda archive. “The planting of a tree is a modest form of The area also houses a centre for cultural immortality and one of the few truly long-term research of the Tai Khamti-Singpho tribes, a library expressions of hope to mortal human beings”- Voltaire, and a monastery. Nearby is a tourist resort which French writer. In the view of environmental suitability provides accommodation in the form of individual villas few sapling planted at the campus of RIWATCH by and dormitories. The whole body of pagoda is covered Smt. Runu Gogoi Sonowal madam accompanied with in gold paint shimmering like gold and thus called the Mr. Vijay Swamiji and others. ‘Golden Pagoda’. Inside the shrine hall, the pure Bronze Buddha statue is placed in a meditating pose. The Our next site of visit is the Bhismaknagar fort, Golden Pagoda complex houses a spacious shrine hall, located nearly 30 km from Roing is tentatively dated to a meditation hall, a multipurpose hall, a guest house, a 8th century and is recorded as the oldest archaeological library, a monastery to accommodate around 100 site in the region, Bhismaknagar. The site was first Bhikkhus and living quarters for the monks and novices. explored by I. Block in 1848 and afterward it was We enjoy the view of the beautiful golden pagoda and excavated from 1965-70 yielded large number of wheel around 5.30 pm we started our journey with a tea break turned pottery, terracotta plaque with animal and floral at Kakopather and reached DIET, Dibrugarh at 8.30 design, decorative tiles, figurines of horse and elephant, pm with a lot of memories.×× inscribed bricks with animal motifs etc. Bhismaknagar 91

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Ô±øﬂ¡˘º 2009 ABC ﬂ¡ø1øÂ√˘º Œ¸À˚˛ ‚11 ¬Û1± È¬ﬂ¡± ‰≈¬1 ﬂ¡ø1 ¬ıg≈-¬ı±gªœ1 ˘·Ó¬ ‰≈¬øMê√Ó¬ ¶§±é¬1 ﬂ¡1±1 ¬ı±À¬ı 2011 ‰¬ÚÓ¬ ¤˝◊√ ù´í1 ¸˜±ø5 ‚øÈ¬˘º ø˜ø˘¬ıÕ˘ Œ‰¬©Ü± ﬂ¡ø1øÂ√˘º ŒÓ¬›“ È¬ﬂ¡± ‰≈¬1 ﬂ¡1± ﬂ¡Ô± ·˜ Œ¬Û±ª±Ó¬ õ∂±˚˛ 100 ‡Ú Œ√˙Ó¬ ¤˝√◊ ù´í1 ¸•x‰¬±1 ﬂ¡1± ∆˝√øÂ√˘º ’õ∂± Î¬˝◊ √◊ÀÙ¬Ë ˝√◊ ˜±ﬂ¡1 ˘·Ó¬ ’õ∂±1 ø¬ıÀˆ¬√ ¸‘ø©Ü ˝√˚˛º ¤ÀÚ ¬Ûø1ø¶öøÓ¬Ó¬ ˜±Àﬂ¡ 2008 ‰¬ÚÓ¬ Oprah Winfrey Network (OWN) Ú±À˜À1 ŒÓ¬›“ﬂ¡ ø¡ZÓ¬œ˚˛ Œ√Î¬◊Ó¬±ﬂ¡1 ›‰¬1Õ˘ ¬ÛøÍ¬˚˛±˝◊√ ø√À˚˛º ’õ∂± ø¡ZÓ¬œ˚˛ øÚÊ√± ŒÚÈ¬ªﬂ«¡ ¸‘ø©Ü ﬂ¡ø1øÂ√˘º ŒÓ¬À‡ÀÓ¬ 2018 ‰¬ÚÓ¬ Apple 1 Œ√Î¬◊Ó¬±ﬂ¡1 ¸—¶Û˙«Ó¬ Ô±øﬂ¡ øÚ˚˛˜±Ú≈ªøÓ«¬Ó¬±1 ˜±ÀÊ√À1 ŒÓ¬›“ ˘·Ó¬ ‰≈¬øMê√ ﬂ¡ø1øÂ√˘º Forbes Magazine 1 ˜ÀÓ¬ Î¬◊˝◊√ÚÀÙË¬ ø¬ı—˙ Ê√œªÚ1 ·øÓ¬¬ÛÔ ¸˘±˝◊√ Œ¬Û˘±˚˛º Ó¬±˝◊√ﬂ¡ Œ√Î¬◊Ó¬±Àﬂ¡ East Nash- ˙øÓ¬ﬂ¡±1 ’±È¬±˝◊√Ó¬Õﬂ¡ ÒÚœ ’±øÙË¬ﬂ¡±Ú-’±À˜ø1ﬂ¡±Ú ’±øÂ√˘ ’±1n∏ ville high school Ó¬ Ú±˜ˆ¬øÓ«¬ ﬂ¡1±˝◊√ ø√À˚˛º ŒÓ¬›“ ¶≈®˘1 ¤˝◊√ 3 ¬ıÂ√11 ﬂ¡±1ÀÌ ﬂ‘¡¯û±—· ø¬ıø˘˚˛Ú±1 ø˝√‰¬±À¬Û ¬Ûø1·øÌÓ¬ ∆˝√øÂ√˘º ¸˜˚˛ÀÂ√±ª±Ó¬ ’±È¬±˝◊√Ó¬Õﬂ¡ Œ˜Ò±ªœ Â√±Sœ ø˝√‰¬±À¬Û ¬Ûø1·øÌÓ¬ ˝√˚˛º ¶≈®˘1 ’Ú≈á¬±Ú ¸˜”˝√Ó¬ ¸≈µ1, ¸≈¶Û©Üˆ¬±À¬ı 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○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ‰¬œÚ± ¸±˜¢∂œ1 ¬ı…ª˝√±1 ’±1n∏ ˆ¬±1Ó¬œ˚˛ ’Ô«ÚœøÓ¬Ó¬ ˝◊√˚˛±1 õ∂ˆ¬±ª øõ∂˚˛±é¬œ ¬ı1n∏ª± õ∂±Mê√Ú õ∂ø˙é¬±Ô«œ, øÎ¬.¤˘.¤Î¬. ˆ¬±1Ó¬ ’±1n∏ ‰¬œÚ ≈√‡Ú ‰≈¬¬ı≈1œ˚˛± 1±©Ü™º 1±©Ü™ ≈√‡Ú1 ˜±Ê√Ó¬ Ú±Ú± 1±Ê√ÕÚøÓ¬ﬂ¡ Ó¬Ô± ¸±˜ø1ﬂ¡ ø¬ı¬ı±√ ‰¬ø˘ ’±ÀÂ√ ˚ø√› 1±©Ü™ ≈√‡Ú1 ’Ô«ÕÚøÓ¬ﬂ¡ ¬ı± ¬ı…ª¸±ø˚˛ﬂ¡ ¸•Ûﬂ¡« ’È≈¬È¬ ’±ÀÂ√º 2001 ‰¬ÚÓ¬ ‰¬œÀÚ WTO [ø¬ıù´ ¬ı…ª¸±˚˛ ¸Lö±] Ó¬ Œ˚±·√±Ú ﬂ¡ø1øÂ√˘º WTO Œ˚˛ ‰¬œÚ1 ›‰¬1Ó¬ ‰¬Ó¬« 1±ø‡øÂ√˘ Œ˚ ŒÓ¬›“À˘±Àﬂ¡ ¬ı…ª¸±˚˛1 Œé¬SÓ¬ Î◊¬√±1 ˝√í¬ı ˘±ø·¬ıº ’Ô±«» ø˚√À1 ‰¬œÚ1 ¸±˜¢∂œ¸˜”˝√ ’Ú… Œ√˙1 ¬ıÊ√±1Ó¬ ø¬ıSêœ ﬂ¡ø1¬ı øÍ¬ﬂ¡ ÀÓ¬ÀÚ√À1 ’Ú… Œ√˙1 ¸±˜¢∂œ¸˜”À˝√± ‰¬œÚ1 ¬ıÊ√±1Ó¬ ø¬ıSêœ ﬂ¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ ¸≈ø¬ıÒ± ø√¬ı ˘±ø·¬ıº ‰¬œÀÚ ¤˝◊ ‰¬Ó¬« ˜±øÚ ˘˚˛ ˚ø√› ’øÓ¬ ‰¬Ó≈¬1 ˆ¬±Àª øÚÊ√1 Œ√˙ÀÓ¬ ¸ﬂ¡À˘± ¸±˜¢∂œ õ∂dÓ¬ ﬂ¡ø1 ’Ú… Œ˙1 ¸±˜¢∂œ¸˜”˝√ ¬ıÊ√«Ú ﬂ¡À1º WTO Ó¬ Œ˚±·√±Ú ﬂ¡1±1 ¬Û±Â√À1 ¬Û1± ’Ú… Œ√˙1 ˘·ÀÓ¬ ˆ¬±1Ó¬ÀÓ¬± ‰¬œÚ1 ¬ı…ª¸±˚˛ ¸≈‰¬˘ ˝√˚˛ ’±1n∏ ˆ¬±1Ó¬1 ¬ıÊ√±1Ó¬ ‰¬œÚ± ¸±˜¢∂œÀ˚˛ ¶ö±Ú ˘±ˆ¬ ﬂ¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ ¸é¬˜ ˝√˚˛º ¬ıÓ¬«˜±Ú ‰¬œÚ1 ¸±˜¢∂œ ’±˜±1 ∆√ÚøµÚ Ê√œªÚÓ¬ ˝◊˜±ÀÚ˝◊√ ¬ı…ª˝√±1 ∆˝√ÀÂ√ Œ˚ ˝◊˚˛±ﬂ¡ ¬Ûø1˝√±1 ﬂ¡ø1 ‰¬˘± ’¸yª ∆˝√ ¬Ûø1ÀÂ√º ¬ıÓ¬«˜±Ú ˆ¬±1Ó¬1 70Ì ¸±˜¢∂œ ‰¬œÚ1 ¬Û1± ’±˜√±Úœﬂ‘¡Ó¬º ˆ¬±1Ó¬1 ’±˜√±Úœ1 õ∂±˚˛ øÓ¬øÚ ˆ¬±·1 ¤ﬂ¡ ’—˙ ‰¬œÚ1 ¬Û1± ’˝√±º ‰¬œÚ1 ¬Û1± ’˝√± øﬂ¡Â≈√˜±Ú ¬ıd Œ˚ÀÚ - [ø˚À¬ı±1 ’±øÊ√1 ø√ÚÓ¬ ’±ø˜ ¤1±˝◊ ‰¬˘± ’¸yª] 1] ˝◊À˘\"™√øÚﬂ¡ ¸±˜¢∂œ [¶ú±È¬« Ù¬íÚ, Œ˘¬ÛÈ¬¬Û, øÈ¬øˆ¬ ˝◊√Ó¬…±ø√] 2] Œ˜ø‰¬ÀÚ1œ ¸±˜¢∂œ [ø¬ıøˆ¬iß Œ˜ø‰¬ÚÓ¬ ¬ı…ª˝√+Ó¬ ¸“Ê√≈ø˘, Œ1˘1 ¸±˜¢∂œ, øÚÎ◊¬øﬂv¡˚˛±1 ø1À˚˛\"√1, ·±Î¬ˇœ1 ¸±-¸1?±˜ ˝◊√Ó¬…±ø√] 96

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○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ Ó¬±1 Œõ∂1Ì± ∆˝√ÀÂ√ Ê√Ú¸±Ò±1Ì1 ≈√‡, ’±˙±, øÚ1±˙±, ﬂ¡±˜-ﬂ¡±Ê√, ø¬ı¬ı±˝√ ’Ú≈á¬±Ú1 ø¬ıøˆ¬iß Sê˜ ¬ı± ’ª¶ö±Ó¬ ’±˚˛Ó¬œ¸ﬂ¡À˘ Œ·±ª± Œõ∂˜-ø¬ı1˝√º ø¬ıÀ˙¯∏ ¤È¬± ’±Àª©ÜÚœ ∆˘À˝√ ¤˝◊√ø¬ı˘±ﬂ¡1 ¸‘ø©Ü ˝√˚˛º ·œÓ¬À¬ı±1 Œ˘±ﬂ¡-¸±ø˝√Ó¬…1 ˜”˘…ª±Ú ¸•Û√º Ú±˜øÚ ’¸˜Ó¬ Œ˘±ﬂ¡ Ê√œªÚ1 ˘·Ó¬ Ê√øÎ¬ˇÓ¬ ¤˝◊√ ¸±ø˝√Ó¬… ¸•Û”Ì« ’±À‚±Ì ˜±˝√1 ¬Û”øÌ«˜±Ó¬ ¬ıU ŒÎ¬ﬂ¡± ˘í1±˝◊√ √˘ ¬ı±øg, ‚À1 ‚À1 ¶ö±Úœ˚˛º ˝◊√ Œﬂ¡ª˘ Œ√˙1 Ê√Ú¸±Ò±1Ì1 Î¬◊¬ÛÀˆ¬±·1 ’±1n∏ Î¬◊¬Û˘øt1 ‚”ø1, ˝√±Ó¬1 ŒÈ¬±Àﬂ¡±ÀÚÀ1 ˙s ﬂ¡ø1, ˜í˝√ Œ‡√±1 ‰¬À˘À1 øﬂ¡Â≈√˜±Ú Œ˚±·…º Œ˘±ﬂ¡ ¸±ø˝√Ó¬… ¸˜±Ê√1 Î¬◊Õ˜˝√Ó¬œ˚˛± ¸‘ø©Üº ¸˜±Ê√1 ¸¬ı«Ê√Ú1 ’±˙œ¬ı«±√ ¸”‰¬ﬂ¡ ¬ı± ŒÒÀ˜˘œ˚˛± ˜˝√˝í√ ·œÓ¬ ·±˚˛º ˝◊√˚˛±À1±¬Ûø1 ˆ¬±ª-ø‰¬ôL± ’±1n∏ ﬂ¡äÚ±1 ø˜˘Ú Ó¬œÔ«, ¸˜¢∂ ¸˜±Ê√1 ’±Úµ ’±˝◊√Ú±˜, Œˆ¬ﬂ≈¡˘œ ø¬ı˚˛±1 ·œÓ¬, ˘ø‡˜œ ¸¬ı±˝√1 ·œÓ¬, ’À¬Û‰¬1œ ø¬ıÀÚ±√Ú1 ﬂ¡˘±Àé¬Sº ˝◊√˚˛±Ó¬ ¸±˜”ø˝√ﬂ¡ Ê√œªÚ1 ’Ú≈ˆ”¬øÓ¬ õ∂ﬂ¡±ø˙Ó¬ ¸¬ı±˝√1 ·œÓ¬ ’±ø√ ¬ıUÀÓ¬± ’Ú≈á¬±Ú˜”˘ﬂ¡ ·œÓ¬ ’±ÀÂ√º ˝√˚˛º ø¬ıÀ˙¯∏Õﬂ¡ ø¬ıUÚ±˜ ’±1n∏ ¬ıÚÀ‚±¯∏±À¬ı±1 Œﬂ¡±ÀÚ± ¤ﬂ¡ Œ˚ÃªÚ ’±‡…±Ú˜”˘ﬂ¡ ·œÓ¬À¬ı±1ﬂ¡ ﬂ¡±ø˝√Úœ ·œÓ¬ ¬ı± ˜±ø˘Ó¬±› Î¬◊Ó¬˘± ŒÎ¬ﬂ¡± ¬ı± ·±ˆ¬1n∏1 ˜Ú1 ﬂ¡Ô± ˝√íÀ˘› ˚≈· øÚ1À¬Ûé¬ˆ¬±Àª Œ¬ı±˘± ˝√˚˛º ˝◊√—1±Ê√œÓ¬ ¤ÀÚ ·œÓ¬À¬ı±1ﬂ¡ ëŒ¬ı˘±Ó¬í ¬ı≈ø˘ Œﬂ¡±ª± õ∂ÌÀ˚˛ ¬Û1˙± ’ôL11 ø¬Û1œøÓ¬À˚˛ ·1ﬂ¡± Ê√œªÚ1 ’øˆ¬¬ı…øMê√ ’±1n∏ ˝√˚˛º ¬ı1Ù≈¬ﬂ¡Ú1 ·œÓ¬, ˜øÌ1±˜ Œ√ª±Ú1 ·œÓ¬, ˙±øôL ¬ı±1˜±˝√œ ·œÓ¬, ˙s1 Œﬂ¡±˜˘Ó¬± ·œøÓ¬ ¸±ø˝√Ó¬…1 ˜”˘ ¬ıdº Œ˘±ﬂ¡ ¸±ø˝√Ó¬… ˜”˘Ó¬– ﬂ¡˜˘± ﬂ≈¡“ª1œ1 ·œÓ¬ ’±ø√ ’ÀÚﬂ¡ ’±‡…±Ú˜”˘ﬂ¡ ·œÓ¬ Œ¬Û±ª± ˚±˚˛º Ê√Ú¸±Ò±1Ì1 ¸•Û√º øÚ1é¬1 ‰¬˝√± ˜±Ú≈˝√1 ˜Ú1 ﬂ¡Ô±À1 ¤˝◊√ ·œÓ¬À¬ı±1 ‚±˝◊√Õﬂ¡ ﬂ¡1n∏Ì 1¸±Rﬂ¡º ŒÓ¬›“À˘±ﬂ¡1 ¬ı±À¬ı 1‰¬Ú± ﬂ¡1± ˝√˚˛ , ˝◊√˚˛±Ó¬ Ê√øÈ¬˘Ó¬±1 ¸“±‰¬ Ú±˝◊√º ø¬ı¯∏˚˛¬ıd1 Ù¬±˘1 ¬Û1± ’¸˜œ˚˛± ’±‡…±Ú˜”˘ﬂ¡ ø¬ı¯∏˚˛¬ıd ’Ú≈˚±˚˛œ ˆ¬±¯∏±˝◊√ ˝◊√˚˛±Ó¬ ·Ï¬ˇ ˘˚˛º Œ˘±ﬂ¡ ¸±ø˝√Ó¬…1 ¸‘ø©ÜÒ˜«œ ·œÓ¬¸˜”˝√ﬂ¡ õ∂Ò±ÚÕﬂ¡ øÓ¬øÚÈ¬± ˆ¬±·Ó¬ ˆ¬·±¬ı ¬Û±ø1º õ∂øÓ¬26ø¬ıÓ¬ ’±ø√˜ Ê√Ú ¸˜±Ê√1 ˜±Úø¸ﬂ¡ Ê√·Ó¬‡Ú1 ¶Û©Ü [ﬂ¡] ¬ı≈1?œ˜”˘ﬂ¡ õ∂øÓ¬26ø¬ı Œ√ø‡¬ıÕ˘ Œ¬Û±ª± ˚±˚˛º Œ˘±ﬂ¡ ¸±ø˝√Ó¬… ¸±˜±øÊ√ﬂ¡ Ê√œªÚ1 [‡] øﬂ¡•§√øôL ¬ı± Ê√Ú|n∏øÓ¬˜”˘ﬂ¡ ¬ı≈1?œ ¶§1+¬Ûº Œ˘±ﬂ¡ ¸±ø˝√Ó¬…1 ’ôL·«Ó¬ ø√˙À¬ı±1 ø¬ıÀ˙°¯∏Ì ﬂ¡ø1À˘ [·] ﬂ¡±äøÚﬂ¡ ¸±˜±øÊ√ﬂ¡ Ê√œªÚ1 ’gø¬ıù´±¸, Œ˘±ﬂ¡ø¬ıù´±¸, 1œøÓ¬-ÚœøÓ¬, Ò˜«, ø¬ıø¬ıÒ ø¬ı¯∏˚˛ﬂ¡ ·œÓ¬1 øˆ¬Ó¬1Ó¬ øÚ‰≈¬ﬂ¡øÌ ·œÓ¬, Ú±› ˜±Úø¸ﬂ¡ ¬Ûø1¸11 ø¬ı¯∏À˚˛ ˆ¬±˘Õﬂ¡ Ê√±øÚ¬ı ¬Û±ø1º ’±Ò≈øÚﬂ¡ ˚≈·1 Œ‡À˘±ª± ·œÓ¬, ·1‡œ˚˛± ·œÓ¬ ’±ø√ ¬ÛÀ1º |˜ ˘±‚ª ’±1n∏ ﬂ¡±˜ ø˙é¬±˝◊√ ’±˜±ﬂ¡ Œ˘±ﬂ¡ ¸±ø˝√Ó¬…1 õ∂øÓ¬ ‰¬‰«¬± ø¬ı˜≈‡ ﬂ¡ø1 ŒÓ¬±˘±1 ﬂ¡À1±ÀÓ¬ ’±Úµ ˘±ˆ¬1 Î¬◊ÀVÀ˙…˝◊√ ¤ÀÚÒ1Ì1 ·œÓ¬ Œ·±ª± ˝√˚˛º ¬ı±À¬ı ’±ø˜ ’ÀÚﬂ¡ ¸•Û√ Œ˝√1n∏ª±¬ıÕ˘ ’±1y ﬂ¡ø1ÀÂ√±º øﬂ¡c ¤È¬± Œ˘±ﬂ¡·œÓ¬1 À1 Ù¬ﬂ¡1±-Œ˚±Ê√Ú±, ¬ÛÈ¬ôL1 ’±ø√› Ê√±øÓ¬1 ¸±˜±øÊ√ﬂ¡ Ê√œªÚ1 ¬ı≈1?œ ø˘‡±1 ’±È¬±˝◊√Ó¬Õﬂ¡ Î¬±„√1 ’¸˜œ˚˛± Œ˘±ﬂ¡-¸±ø˝√Ó¬…1 ¬ıU˜”˘œ˚˛± ¸•Û√º Œ˚±Ê√Ú±, ¬ÛÈ¬ôL1 ’±ø˝√˘±˝◊√ ∆˝√ÀÂ√ Œ˘±ﬂ¡ ¸±ø˝√Ó¬…º ø¬ı˘±ﬂ¡ ¤È¬± ﬂ¡Ô± ¬ı≈Ê√±¬ı1 øÚø˜ÀM√ ’±Ú ¤È¬± ﬂ¡Ô±1 ˘·Ó¬ Ó≈¬˘Ú± ø¬ı¯∏˚˛¬ıd ’±1n∏ 1‰¬Ú± ÚœøÓ¬1 Ù¬±˘1 ¬Û1± ’¸˜œ˚˛± Œ˘±ﬂ¡ ¬ı± ø1Ê√øÚ ø√˚˛± ˝√˚˛º Œ˚ÀÚ- ’±À¬Û±Ú±1 Ú±ﬂ¡ ﬂ¡±øÈ¬ ¸øÓ¬Úœ1 ˚±S± ¸±ø˝√Ó¬…ﬂ¡ õ∂Ò±ÚÕﬂ¡ øÓ¬øÚÈ¬± ˆ¬±·Ó¬ ˆ¬±· ﬂ¡ø1¬ı ¬Û±ø1 ñ ˆ¬—· ﬂ¡1±º ˙±ﬂ¡Ó¬ Ú±‡±˚˛ Œ˘±Ú, ø¬ÛøÈ¬ﬂ¡±Ó¬ ˚±˚˛ øÓ¬øÚ&Ì ˝◊√Ó¬…±ø√º 1˚ Œ˘±ﬂ¡·œÓ¬ ¸“±Ô1 ∆˝√ÀÂ√ Œﬂ¡±ÀÚ± ¬ıd1 õ∂ﬂ‘¡Ó¬ Ú±˜ ¸˝√ÀÊ√ ﬂ¡í¬ı 2˚ Ù¬ﬂ¡1±-Œ˚±Ê√Ú±, ¸“±Ô1, ¬ÛÈ¬ôL1 ŒÚ±ª±1±Õﬂ¡ ø√˚˛± ’±›¬Ûﬂ¡œ˚˛± ¬ıÌ«Ú±º Œ˚ÀÚ - ‚11 Ó¬˘Ó¬ ‚1, 3˚ ¸±Ò≈ﬂ¡Ô± Ó¬±ÀÓ¬ ¬Ûø1 ˜1 [Î¬◊M√1-’±“Í≈¬ª±] ¸±ø˝√Ó¬…1 ‘√ø©Üˆ¬—·œÀ1 ‰¬±À˘ Œ˘±ﬂ¡ ·œÓ¬À¬ı±1 ¸ﬂ¡À˘± ¬Û‘øÔªœ1 ø¬ıøˆ¬iß Ê√±øÓ¬1 √À1 ’¸˜À1± ø¬ıøˆ¬iß Ê√±øÓ¬1 ˆ¬±¯∏±À1 ’˜”˘… ¸•Û√º ’¸˜œ˚˛±Ó¬ õ∂‰¬ø˘Ó¬ Œ˘±ﬂ¡·œÓ¬À¬ı±1ﬂ¡ ˜±Ê√Ó¬ Ú±Ú± Ò1Ì1 ¸±Ò≈ﬂ¡Ô± ’±ÀÂ√º ¸±Ò≈ ﬂ¡Ô±À¬ı±11 ¬Û1± ˜±Ú≈˝√1 õ∂Ò±ÚÕﬂ¡ øÓ¬øÚÈ¬± Œ|ÌœÓ¬ ˆ¬±· ﬂ¡ø1¬ı ¬Û±ø1 ñ 1œøÓ¬-ÚœøÓ¬, ¸˜±Ê√ ¬ı…ª¶ö±, ø‰¬ôL±Ò±1±, Œ˘±ﬂ¡ø¬ıù´±¸, Œõ∂˜-õ∂œøÓ¬, [ﬂ¡] ’Ú≈á¬±Ú˜”˘ﬂ¡ [‡] ’±‡…±Ú˜”˘ﬂ¡ [·] ø¬ıø¬ıÒ ø¬ı¯∏˚˛ﬂ¡ ÷¯«∏±, ’¸”˚˛±, ∆ÚøÓ¬ﬂ¡ ’±√˙« ’±ø√ ø¬ı¯∏˚˛ﬂ¡ ﬂ¡Ô± Œ¬Û±ª± ˚±˚˛º ’Ú≈á¬±Ú˜”˘ﬂ¡ Œ˘±ﬂ¡·œÓ¬1 øˆ¬Ó¬1Ó¬ ø¬ıU·œÓ¬, ø¬ı˚˛±Ú±˜, ŒÓ¬Ê√œ˜˘±, Ó≈¬˘± ’±1n∏ ŒÓ¬Ê√±, ﬂ≈¡ﬂ≈¡1œﬂ¡Ì± ŒÊ“√±ª±˝◊√ ’±ø√ ¸±Ò≈ﬂ¡Ô± ’±˝◊√Ú±˜, ’À¬Û‰¬1œ ¸¬ı±˝√1 ·œÓ¬, ˘ø‡˜œ ¸¬ı±˝√1 ·œÓ¬ ’±ø√ ’¸˜œ˚˛± Œ˘±ﬂ¡ ¸±ø˝√Ó¬…Ó¬ õ∂‰¬ø˘Ó¬ ’±ÀÂ√º Î¬◊À~‡À˚±·…º ’¸˜1 ˜≈Â√˘˜±Ú ¸ﬂ¡˘1 ˜±Ê√Ó¬ õ∂‰¬ø˘Ó¬ øÊ√øﬂ¡1 ’±1n∏ ø¬ıU·œÓ¬ ¬Œ·±ª± ˝√˚˛ ø¬ıÀ˙¯∏Õﬂ¡ ’¸˜œ˚˛± Ê√±Ó¬œ˚˛ Î¬◊»¸ª Ê√±ø11 ·œÓ¬ ¸˜”˝√Àﬂ¡± Œ˘±ﬂ¡·œÓ¬1 ’ôLˆ«¬≈Mê√ ﬂ¡ø1¬ı ¬Û±ø1º øÊ√øﬂ¡1 1„√±˘œ ø¬ıU1 ¸˜˚˛Ó¬º ø¬ıU ·œÓ¬À¬ı±11 õ∂Ò±Ú ø¬ı¯∏˚˛ ∆˝√ÀÂ√ Œõ∂˜ ˙s1 ’Ô« ˝√í˘ ’±~±1 Ú±˜ ¶ú1Ì ﬂ¡1±º õ∂Ì˚˛˜”˘ﬂ¡º ¤˝◊√ ·œÓ¬À¬ı±1 ÷ù´11 Ú±À˜À1 ’±1y ﬂ¡1± ˝√˚˛ ’±1n∏ ’¸˜œ˚˛± Œ˘±ﬂ¡¸±ø˝√Ó¬…1 ’Ú…Ó¬˜ &1n∏Q¬Û”Ì« ø¬ıˆ¬±· ¸˜”˝√ 1±˝◊√Ê√1 ˜±Ê√Ó¬ ·±¬ı ¬Û1±, ’˙°œ˘Ó¬± ÚÔﬂ¡± ø¬ıU Ú±À˜À1 ëŒ˘±ﬂ¡·“±Ô±íº ¸±Ò±1Ì Œ˘±ﬂ¡1 Ê√œªÚ1 ¸≈‡-≈√‡, Œ˙±ﬂ¡-Ó¬±¬Û, Ú‘Ó¬…·œÓ¬ ﬂ¡1± ˝√˚˛º Î¬◊√±˝√1Ì¶§1+À¬Û ñ ’±ø√ ∆˘ 1ø‰¬Ó¬ ﬂ¡±ø˝√Úœ ·œÀÓ¬˝◊√ ˝√í˘ Œ˘±ﬂ¡·“±Ô±º Œ˘±ﬂ¡·“±Ô±1 ìﬂ‘¡¯û±˝◊√1 ˜”1ÀÓ¬ ¬ıﬂ≈¡˘ Ù≈¬˘ ¤¬Û±ø˝√ ¬¬ı…ª˝√±1 ’¸˜Ó¬ ø˚˜±Ú õ∂ﬂ¡È¬ ∆˝√ ∆1 ’±ÀÂ√ ’±Ú Í¬±˝◊√Ó¬ ˝√˚˛ÀÓ¬± øÚ˚˛1 ¬Û±˝◊√ ˜1ø˝√ ˚±˚˛ Œ·±ø¬ıµ±˝◊√ 1±˜ºî ŒÓ¬ÀÚ Ú˝√˚˛º ›¬Û1ÀÓ¬ ·À˘ ¤˝◊√ ’Õ¬ı:±øÚﬂ¡ õ∂ﬂ‘¡øÓ¬ ’±Ò≈øÚﬂ¡ ø¬ı¬ı±˝√ ˝√í˘ ’¸˜1 õ∂Ò±Ú ¸±˜±øÊ√ﬂ¡ ’Ú≈á¬±Úº ’¸˜œ˚˛± ˚≈·Ó¬ Î¬◊¬Û˘≈„√±1 Œ˝√ ø¬ı¯∏˚˛º øﬂ¡c Î¬±ﬂ¡1 ¬ı‰¬Ú¸˜”˝√ ’¸˜œ˚˛± ‰¬˝√± 99

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Uday_DIET Dibrugarh_Annual Magazine_2020-21

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