การเมืองไทยสมัยรัฐบาลจอมพล-ป.ณัฐพล-ใจจริง

40 . . 32 “” 34 33 ” “ 2489 4 2526,( : , 2526).; 27 2527,( : 2527).; NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 7250 , Memorandum of Conversation Kumut Chandruang, K.P. Landon, “Developing Political Party in Bangkok ,” 6 Febuary 1946. ( ) ... ... 2 32 NARA, RG 59 Central Dicimal file 1945-1949 Box 7250, Stanton to Secretary of State, “Fortnightly Summary of Political event in Siam for the Period 1-15 April 1947”; Jayanta Kumar Ray, Portraits of Thai Politics,(New Delhi: Orient Langman, 1972), p. 119 . 33 NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 7250, Alexander McDonald to Campbell, 12 Febuary 1946 . 34 “A Memorandum on a Certain Aspect of the Siamese Politics for His Majesty The King, 20 June 1947,” . . ,1 , 543.

41 “ ”“ ” 35 ” 2489 “ ”“ 2489 2488 . . 36 2.4 “ ” “” 2 “” 35 , “ ,” 72-73. “A Memorandum on a Certain Aspect of the Siamese Politics for His Majesty The King, 20 June 1947,” . . ,1 , 544. . . . 500,000 “” 49,000 36 “A Memorandum on a Certain Aspect of the Siamese Politics for His Majesty The King, 20 June 1947,” . . ,1 , 547-549.

42 “ ” 2488 “” 37 “” 2488 2489 “” 38 9 2489 37 NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal File 1945-1949 Box 7251, Yost to Secretary of State, 24 November 1945. 38 NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 7250, Yost to Secretary of State, 6 June 1946 .

43 “ .” “” 11 2489 39 “” ... 40 () () ( , (2485-2517),[ : , 2517], 535, 543.) (NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 7250, Yost to Secretary of State, 11 June 1946 ) 2 (NARA, RG 59 Central Dicimal file 1945-1949 Box 7250, Stanton to Secretary of State, “Fortnightly Summary of Political event in Siam for the Period 16-31 August 1946”). 2 () (NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 7250, Yost to Secretary of State, 18 June 1946). 39 “A Memorandum on a Certain Aspect of the Siamese Politics for His Majesty The King, 20 June 1947,” . . ,1 , 550. 40 Ibid., 550,558.

44 “” 2 11 2489 41 ... 42 43 44 “ .. ” 45 41 , 2483-2495, 331. 42 Ibid., 332. “ ” (, ,[ : . , 2544], 158-168). 43 NARA, RG 59 Central Dicimal file 1945-1949 Box 7250, Yost to Secretary of State, “Footnotes on the King’s Death,” 14 June 1946.; “A Memorandum on a certain aspect of the Siamese Politics for His Majesty The King, 20 June 1947,” . . ,1 , 550. 44 NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 7250, Yost to Secretary of State, 11 June 1946 . 45 NARA, RG 59 Central Dicimal file 1945-1949 Box 7250, Yost to Secretary of State, 26 June 1946.

45 46 ... 47 35 “” 48 46 Stanton, Brief Authority: Excursion of a Common Man in an Uncommon World, p. 169. 47 NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 7250, Stanton to Secretary of State, “Death of the King of Siam,” 13 June 1946. “…he( ) was violently angry at the accusation of foul play leveled againt himself and most bitter at the manner in which he alleged that the Royal Family and the Opposition, particularly Seni Pramoj, had prejudiced the King and especially the Princess Morther againt him… his relations with the Princess Mother were hopelessly bad and he feared greatly that his relations with the new King would be poisoned in the same manner as had his relations with King Ananda .” 48 Alexander Macdonald, Bangkok Editor,(New Yor: The Macmillan Company,1950), p.57.

46 49 50 51 3 - 52 “ ” “ ”53 49 NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 7250, Yost to Secretary of State, 18 June 1946.; Macdonald, Bangkok Editor, p. 57-58.; , 24 2475-14 2516,( : , 2543), 234. 50 , “ . .2490,” 39-40. 4 3 18 2489 51 NARA, CIA Records search Tool (CREST), CIA-RDP78-01617A005800020009-4, 4 July 1946, “Political crisis subside”. 52 NARA, CIA Records search Tool (CREST),CIA-RDP82-00457R000100410004-5, 13 November 1946, “Internal Politics”. 53 Macdonald, Bangkok Editor, p. 58.

47 “” 54 .. 55 2489 “” 56 54 Ibid., p. 59. .. (“ ‘ ’ ,” , [ : , ], 260-262). ‘’ 4 2 2490 2498 2500 . . . ) ( 1 2526,( : , 2526), 51. (2459-2525) ‘’ “” . 55 NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 7250, Yost to Secretary of State, 28 June 1946. 56 NARA, RG 59 Central Dicimal file 1945-1949 Box 7250, Stanton to Secretary of State, “Fortnightly Summary of Political event in Siam for the Period 31 July-15 August 1946”.; ,“ . .2490-2501,” ( , 2526), 30.; ( ) , ,( : , 2501), 478-486. .. .. .. .. .. “” -

1 “ ” 48 “ ” 57 ... “ ... ” ”2 59 58 “ “” 2 - - .. (NARA, CIA Records search Tool (CREST), CIA-RDP78- 01617A005800020001-2, 1 April 1946- 29 June 1946, “Premier move to restrain Army”). 57 NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 7250, Yost to Secretary of State, 3 July 1946.; NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 7251, “Forthnigty Summary of Political Events of Siam for the period 1-15 April 1948”. 58 NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 7250, Stanton to Secretary of State, 6 July 1946. 59 NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 7250, Stanton to Secretary of State, 8 July 1946 .

49 60 2489 “” 61 62 2 2489 63 60 NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 7250, Yost to Secretary of State, 30 July 1946 . 61 “A Memorandum on a Certain Aspect of the Siamese Politics for His Majesty The King, 20 June 1947,” . . ,1 , 549., ,“ . .2490,” 41. 62 “A Memorandum on a Certain Aspect of the Siamese Politics for His Majesty The King, 20 June 1947,” . . ,1 , 561-562. “ ,” 29 2489 , (: , 2517), 53-58. 63 “A Memorandum on a Certain Aspect of the Siamese Politics for His Majesty The King, 20 June 1947,” . . ,1 , 563-564.

“” “ 50 64 “ ” ” 21 65 66 “” ”” .. . 64 Ibid., .. ” .. “ ... 65 ( ) , , 451-452.; Coast , Some Aspects of Siamese Politics, p. 35. 66 NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 7250, Stanton to Secretary of State, “Fortnightly Summary of Political event in Siam for the Period 16-31 August 1946”.; NARA, CIA Records search Tool (CREST), CIA-RDP82-00457R000100410004-5, 13 November 1946, “Internal Politics”. - 2489 . . ( NARA, CIA Records search Tool (CREST), CIA-RDP82-00457R001000520003-4, 30 October 1947, “The Political Situation”; “A Memorandum on a Certain Aspect of the Siamese Politics for His Majesty The King, 20 June 1947,” . . ,1 , 564.)

2.5 “ ” “ ” “ 51 .” 2 “” “ .” “ ” “ ”“ .” 8 . .. . 2489 .” ” “ “ “” 67 2489 “” ... . 2 . . “ .” . 68 67 NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 7251, “Forthnigty Summary of Political Events of Siam for the period 1-15 April 1948”. 68 NARA, CIA Records search Tool (CREST), CIA-RDP82-00457R000200150009-8 , 17 December 1946, “Alleged Responsibility for Plot to Overthrow,”; NARA, CIA Records search Tool (CREST), CIA-RDP82-00457R000200470008-4, 18 January 1947, “Attack on Government by Pro- Phibun Element,”; NARA, RG 59 Central Dicimal file 1945-1949 Box 7251, “Forthnigty Summary of Political Events of Siam for the period 1-15 April 1948”.

2490 . . 52 .” “ 69 . . 11 (Thompson) .. . . .” . 70 “ 2 . .. . . 71 . .72 “ .” .73 “” 17 2490 . . 74 . 75 69 , 23 2490. 70 Nik Anuar Nik Mahmud, The November 1947 Coup: Britain, Pibul Songgram and the Coup, (Selangor Darul Ehasan: Center for Educational Technology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 1998), p.10. 71 Ibid., p. 12-13. 72 , 10 2490.; , 17 2490. 73 , 15 2490. 74 NARA, RG 59 Central Dicimal file 1945-1949 Box 7251, “Forthnigty Summary of Political Events of Siam for the period 1-15 April 1948,”; ,“ . .2490,” 18. 75 , 22 2490. . (Conservative Party) 2490 “”

76 ” 53 “ . . 77 2490 “” . . . 78 . 7 2490 . “” .2 . . . . 79 . . .. 30-40 ( ,[ : ], 2490.; NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 7250, Stanton to Secretary of State, “Fortnightly Summary of Political event in Siam for the Period 1-15 April 1947”). 76 , 22 2490. 77 , 26 2089 2507,( : , 2507), 377. 78 , 2483-2495, 330-331. 79 NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 7251, “Forthnigty Summary of Political Events of Siam for the period 1-15 April 1948,”; , 7 2490.; , ... ( : , 2529), 38-39.

54 2.6 “ ” “ .- 2490 ” 16 . . 80 . . 3“” 81 “ 2 82 2490 “ ” .” “” “” “” “ .” , 9 2490. . 80 NARA, RG 59 Central Dicimal file 1945-1949 Box 7251, “Forthnigty Summary of Political Events of Siam for the period 1-15 April 1948”. 81 Mahmud, The November 1947 Coup: Britain, Pibul Songgram and the Coup, p.17. 82 “A Memorandum on a certain aspect of the Siamese Politics for His Majesty The King, 20 June 1947,” . . ,1 , 542.

55 “ .” . . . .. 83 9 19-27 2490 84 .. 2490 (The State-War-Navy Coordinating Committee: SWNCC) “” “ .” “ ” 85 83 , “ ( . .2475- 2490),” 183. .. “ .” . 2489 “” ( , 26 2089 2507, 379.; , 13 2490). 84 , “ . .2490”, 18. . . 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. ( 34,[ : , 2490]). 85 NARA, RG 59 Record of Division of Research 2 Far East 1946-1952, Lot 58 d 245 Box 2, “SWNCC Second Phase Study on Siam,” 29 May 1947.

56 “” “” 86 “” 87 “ ”“ .” .. .. “ .” “ ”88 “ ” 2475 “ .”89 .. “” “ 2490 90 ... ” .- “” 86 , 17 2490. “” 87 ,“ ” ,.. ( : , 2517), (5)-(6). 88 NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 7250, Stanton to Secretary of State, “Fortnightly Summary of Political event in Siam for the Period 1-15 August 1947,”; NARA, CIA Records search Tool (CREST), CIA-RDP82-00457R000800350009-0, 12 August 1947, “Prospective Changes in Government ,”; , 2483-2495, 333. 89 . . . ( ) , , 511-512. 90 , 11 2490.

. 57 91 2 .. . 92 .. “ ” 93 “ “ ” 2475 94 ” 91 NARA, CIA Records search Tool (CREST), CIA-RDP82-00457R001000520003-4, 30 October 1947, “The Political Situation”. 92 NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal File 1945-1949 Box 7251, Memorandum of Conversation Thamrong Nawasawat and Edwind F. Stanton, 31 March 1948.; Landon to Butterworth, “Assasination of King Ananda,” 22 April 1948. ,“ : ,”” ,” “ ‘ ’ ,” 7,3 ( - 2552): 60-93. 93 NARA, CIA Records search Tool (CREST), CIA-RDP82-0045R001000270005-0, 22 October 1947, “Activities of Royalist Groups”. 94 NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal File 1945-1949 Box 7251, Stanton to Secretry of State, 10 October 1947.; , 3 2490. .. ..

2475 “ ”95 58 “ .” 2490 ” 96 ” “ “ 2 “ .” “ ” ” “ 97 .. “ ” “” 2475 248198 ” 99 “ “ .” “ ” 95 NARA, CIA Records search Tool (CREST), CIA-RDP82-00457R001000520003-4 , 30 October 1947, “The Political Situation”. 96 NARA, CIA Records Search Tool (CREST), CIA-RDP82-00457R001000270007-8, 21 October 1947, “Possible Political Developments”. 97 NARA, CIA Records search Tool (CREST),CIA-RDP82-00457R001000520003-4 , 30 October 1947, “The Political Situation”. 98 Ibid.; NARA, CIA Records search Tool (CREST), CIA-RDP82-00457R001000680005-5, 5 November 1947, “The Political Situation-View of Nai Tieng Sirikhan”. 99 NARA, RG 59 Central Dicimal file 1945-1949 Box 7251, “Forthnigty Summary of Political Events of Siam for the period 1-15 April 1948”. “” 2490 29 2490

59 2490 ”“ .. “ .” . ”100 “ 101 .” 8 2490 2 “ - 102 100 “ 1 2514,” “ . .2490,” , 171.; . . . ( ) , , 561. 101 , ( : , 2492), 192.; Coast, Some Aspects of Siamese Politics, p. 39. 102 Kahin, Intervention: How American become involved in Vietnam, p. 4. .. 2490 “ ”( , , , 2521], 613) [:

“” 60 103 “” 104 2490 2490 “” .. “ ” 103 , 21 ,( : , 2529), 88-89.; . . . ( ) , , 562.; “ ”( ), ,( : , 2491), 19-23.; Charles F. Keyes, Isan: Regionalism in Northeastern Thailand, data paper no.65, Southeast Asia Program Department of Asian Studies, Cornell University (Itahaca, New York : Cornell University ,1967), p. 31.; E. Bruce Reynolds, “Thailand and The Southeast Asia League” paper presented at the International Conference on Thai Studies in Bangkok, 22-24 August 1984, pp.1-18.; Kobkua Suwannathat - Pain, Politics and National Interests: Negotiations for The Settlement of The Franco-Siamese Territorial Dispute 1945-1947,(Tokyo: Sophia University , 1994). 104 NARA, CIA Records search Tool (CREST), CIA-RDP78-01617A005900030003-8, 10 January 1947, “Request for U.N. intervention reture to Indochinese nationalists”; , 2483-2495, 404.; NARA, CIA Records search Tool (CREST) , CIA-RDP82-00457R000600330001-2, 27 May 1947, “ Notes on Current Situation”.

61 “” “” 105 “ ” “ .” “ .” 2 .” 106 “ 105 NARA, CIA Records search Tool (CREST),CIA-RDP82-00457R001000650008-5, 4 November 1947, “Free Thai view on Ho Chi Minh”. “ ”( , 21 , 90 ). 106 Coast, Some Aspects of Siamese Politics, pp. 49-50.

3 ” 2490: 3.1 2490: “” “ 2 2475 “” “” “” “ “ .” “ ” *” 2 2490 “” ” .. * 8 .. .. ” . .. .. ..

63 2490 “” 2490 1 2489 2490 2 .3 9“ ” ... “ ” ... ... .. . .. . 2475 .. . “” 1 Stanton, Brief Authority: Excursion of a Common Man in an Uncommon World, p. 210 . 2 ,: . 2 ( . .2491-2500), ( : 6 , 2550), 96-100. 3 17 2507,( : , 2507), 47.

4 “ 64 ”“ “ ” ”5 2490 “ ” 6 “” 7 8 “ 2” 4 Bangkok Post, 10 November 1947.; , 10 2490.; . . . , , 101. 5 , 15 2490. “” 2490 .. . “ ” ... ... .. .. (NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 7250, Stanton to Secretary of State, “Fortnightly Summary of Political event in Siam for the Period 1-15 November 1947”; NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 7250, Stanton to Secretary of State, 25 November 1947, , 11 2490.; ,“ 2490,” 25 2538 ( : 2538); Kobkua Suwanathat-Pian , King, Country and Constitution: Thailand’s Political Development 1932 – 2000,(New York: Routledge Curzon, 2003), p. 223. 6 10, 11 ( 2490): 1063.; () 20 2510( : , 2510). 7 , 10 2490. 8 Nicholas Tarling, “Britain and the Coup 1947 in Siam,” Paper presented to International Association of Historians of Asia, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 20-24 May 1996, p. 3.

. 2 65 .. 10 9 2490 12 1 - “... 13 ”11 “” . 14 9 , 10 1947. 10 , 15 2490.; , 20 2490 . 11 “( ) . 25 2490,” . 8, (: , 2498), 305. ( , 2 2490) , 6 2490 “ ” 12 Stanton, Brief Authority: Excursion of a Common Man in an Uncommon World, p.209-210. 13 NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 7250, Stanton to Secretary of State, 16 November 1947. 14 , 16 2490. . (William J. Donovan) (O.S.S.) (Richard J. Aldrich, “Legacies of Secret Service : Renegade SOE and the Karen Struggle in Burma, 1948-1950,” in The Clandestine Cold War in Asia, 1945-1965: Western Intelligence, Propaganda and Special Operation, eds. Richard J. Aldrich, Gary D. Rawnsley and Ming-Yeh T. Rawnsley [London: Frank Class , 2000], p. 132.)

66 15 (New York Times) 12 2490 “Setback in Siam” 16 “” “ ” “ ” 17 .. .. .. “” 18 19 3.2 .. .. 15 , 2483-2495, 335. 16 Bangkok Post, 13 November 1947. 17 Mahmud, The November 1947 Coup: Britain, Pibul Songgram and the Coup, p. 23-24.; , 17 2490. 18 , 10 2490.; , 11 2490.; Mahmud, The November 1947 Coup: Britain , Pibul Songgram and the Coup, p. 23 . 19 Stanton, Brief Authority: Excursion of a Common Man in an Uncommon World, p. 211.

3,700 5 67 “ ” 20 - “ … ” “” 21 22 2490 “” “ ” 41 23 “” 24 .. 20 . . . ,“ ,” 27 2516,( : , 2516), 159.; NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 7250, Stanton to Secretary of State, 18 December 1947. 21 . . 9.2.3/8 2490 .; , 15 2490. 22 , 12 2490.; , 12 2490.; , 25 2490.; . . . ( ) , , 73. 23 ( ) 64, 56 ( 22 2490).; , 4 2490.; NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 7251, Stanton to Secretary of State, “Fortnightly Summary of Political event in Siam for the Period 1-15 December 1947”; “Fortnightly Summary of Political event in Siam for the Period 15-31 December 1947”. 24 , 20 2490.

68 25 26 ... “ ” 19 . . (Dennis) 27 . . (Gardes) 28 2490 29 30 2 2490 . (William J. Donovan) 2 25 Bangkok Post, 11 November 1947.; , 12 2490.; , 25 2490. 26 . . 9.2.3/8 2490 . 27 , 25 2490. 28 Richard J. Aldrich, “Legacies of Secret Service : Renegade SOE and the Karen Struggle in Burma, 1948-1950,” in The Clandestine Cold War in Asia, 1945-1965: Western Intelligence, Propaganda and Special Operation, eds. Richard J. Aldrich, Gary D. Rawnsley and Ming-Yeh T. Rawnsley (London : Frank Class, 2000), p. 132. 29 Mahmud, The November 1947 Coup: Britain, Pibul Songgram and the Coup, p. 28. 30 Ibid., p. 30.

69 31 “” 2491 . (Norman H. Hannah) 32 2 2 31 NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal File 1945-1949 Box 7251, Memorandum of Conversation Howard Palmer and Kenneth P. Landon, 21 December 1947.; Neher, “Prelude to Alliance : The Expansion of American Economic Interest in Thailand During The 1940s,” p.55-56. 32 , 21 , 108-109. “ ” 2495

70 3.3 “ ” “” . “ ” 33 “ ” 2475 34 “ ”“ ” . ” “ “” . “” 2475 . 2 33 , 15 2490. 34 , : . .. 2 ( . .2491-2500), 105 -106. ... ... .. () .. ()

71 “” 2490 . “ ” .35 “ ” ” “ ” “ . “ ” 36 2491 50 99 37 38 2491 “” 35 Mahmud, The November 1947 Coup: Britain, Pibul Songgram and the Coup, p. 49. 36 , : . 2 ( . .2491-2500), 124-125. 37 NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 7251, Stanton to Secretary of State, “Fortnightly Summary of Political event in Siam for the Period 16-31 January 1948”; Coast, Some Aspects of Siamese Politics, p. 44. 38 Mahmud, The November 1947 Coup: Britain, Pibul Songgram and the Coup, p. 60.; Frank C. Darling, Thailand and the United States (Washington D.C.: Public Affaires Press, 1965), p. 63.

72 247539 “ ” ” 2492 ” 40 “ “ “ ” 39 , “ ,“ ” , 2549.; 2475-2495, , “50 ” 4, 1 (2549): 67-93. 9 ... 40 (: , 2495), 224-232.; ,” 2539, 51-52. “”

“” 73 2490 41 247542 “” “ ” “ 43 “ ” ” “” “” 41 , “ : 2492,” ( , 2542) . 42 NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 7251, Stanton to Secretary of State, “Fortnightly Summary of Political event in Siam for the Period 1-15 January 1948”. 43 NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 7251, Stanton to Secretary of State, “Fortnightly Summary of Political event in Siam for the Period 16-31 January 1948”.

74 44 “” 3.4 2490 “ ” “” ” “ “” “” “” ... ... “” 2475 . “” . 44 NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 7251,” Summary of Political events in Siam January 1948”; NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 7251, Stanton to Secretary of State, 11 February 1949. 2491 .. .. ( ,: . 2 ( . .2491-2500), 435).

“” 75 . ... . . .. “” “” .. . . 45 “” 2491 . “” . 46 2490 “ ” .. . 45 NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 7251, Stanton to Secretary of State, “Fortnightly Summary of Political event in Siam for the Period 16-31 January 1948”; NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 7251, Stanton to Secretary of State, 5 February 1948.; NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 7251, Landon to Butterworth, 20 February 1948. 46 NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 7251, Stanton to Secretary of State, 9 February 1948.

2475 47 76 “” “ ”48 “ . ” .. 49 “ ” ( 2491 )“ ” 50 . . 51 47 NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 7251, Stanton to Secretary of State, “Fortnightly Summary of Political event in Siam for the Period 1-15 February 1948”. .. . .. 14 2490 2475 . . .. 6 .. . .. .. “ 100% ” ( 27 2516, [ : ], 159) 48 . . 0201.18/5 (– 2492).; , 20 2492. 49 NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 7251, Stanton to Secretary of State, 17 February 1948 . 50 NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 7251, Stanton to Secretary of State, “Fortnightly Summary of Political event in Siam for the Period 16-29 February 1948”. 51 NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 7251, Memorandum of Conversation Prince Rangsit and Stanton, 10 March 1948.

77 3.5 . “ ” “” “” 6 2491 “” . “ “ ” . . ” 52 “ . ” 2490 52 NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal File 1945-1949 Box 7251, Stanton to Secretary of State , 7 April 1948.; NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal File 1945-1949 Box 7251, Stanton to Secretary of State, 8 April 1948.; NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 7251, Memorandum of Conversation Prince Rangsit and Stanton, 9 April 1948.

78 . . . 53 2 .. . “” . . 54 . 2490 . . ” 55 “” “ . ( Bangkok Post) ” 2475 “ “” 56 “ ” 53 Mahmud, The November 1947 Coup: Britain, Pibul Songgram and the Coup, p. 67-68. 54 Kullada Kesboonchoo Mead, “A revisionist history of Thai-U.S. relation,” Asian Review 16 (2003), p. 52. 55 Bangkok Post, 10 April 1948. 56 , 27 2491.

79 3.6 . “” . 57 ” “ “” 2491 2494 ” . “ “” 2491 ” 2 “ ”“ .. 2 58 “ . ”“ ” 59 57 “Department of State Policy Statement on Indochina, 27 September 1948” in Foreign Relations of the United States 1948 Vol.6, (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1974), p. 47.; ,“ . ,” 2 ( 2524): 50. 58 NARA, CIA Records search Tool (CREST),CIA-RDP79-01082A000100010020-7, 11-17 May 1948, “Intelligence Highlights”. 59 NARA, CIA Records search Tool (CREST), CIA-RDP82-00457R002100340008-7,1 December 1948, “Operational Plans of the Abortive Countercoup d’etat Group” ..

1 2491 80 61 60 “ ”“ ” . 2 62 2475 . 2492 . . “” “” 60 . . . . “ ” .. .. 2 “ ” .. . .. .. . . . ... ... ... .. (NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 7251, Bangkok to Secretary of State, 7 October 1948.) “” .. .. .. ... ( ... , ., 52-53). “... [ “ ”] [ “ ” ]…” ( , 21 , 112-116. . . .. . (NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 7251, Stanton to Secretary of State, “Political Survey of the First Six Months of the Phibun Regime May-October 1948,” 22 November 1948). 61 NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 7251, Bangkok to Secretary of State , 7 October 1948. 62 NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 7251, Stanton to Secretary of State, “Political Survey of the Frist Six Months of the Phibun Regime May-October 1948,” 22 November 1948.

81 63 . “” “” . “” 2492 2490 .64 .65 . 66 . 63 NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 7251, Stanton to Secretary of State , 8 February 1949. 64 NARA, CIA Records search Tool (CREST), CIA-RDP79-01082A000100020022-4, 9–15 February 1949, “Intelligence Highlights No.39”; NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 7251, Stanton to Secretary of State, 9 February 1949. “” . .. 2492 . . “” 65 NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 7251, Reed to Butterworth, “Siam Politics,” 9 February 1949. 66 . 12 2492 “ ” 16 2492 “ ” ( , 26 2089 2507, 447).

. 82 . 67 ” 68 69 “ . . . 2 70 67 NA, FO 371/76281, Thompson to Foreign Office, 21 February 1949.; NARA, CIA Records search Tool (CREST), CIA-RDP79-01082A000100020021-5, 16-23 February 1949, “National emergency declaration believed cover for domestic unrest ”. 68 NA, FO 371/76281, Thompson to Foreign Office, 25 February 1949.; NARA, CIA Records search Tool (CREST), CIA-RDP82-00457r002600450006-2, 25 April 1949, “ Additional Information Concerning the 26 February 1949”. . . “ ” .. 2-3 69 NARA, CIA Records search Tool (CREST), CIA-RDP79-01090A000500010009-7, 7-13 September 1948, “The Chinese National Government regards Siam with increasing disfavor”. . . (K. C. Yeh) 50,000 National City Bank of New York 40,000 (NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 box 7251, Reed to Butterworth, “Political Intervention of Pridi Banomyong,” 30 September 1948) 70 NA, FO 371/84348, Thompson to Mr. Bevin, ”Siam: Annual Review for 1949,” 10 May 1950 .; Anusorn Chinvanno, Thailand’s Policies toward Chaina, 1949-1954, (Oxford: St. Antony’s College, 1992), p. 51.

. 83 71 . Chaser) . . “” (Submarine 8-9 (S.S. Bluebird) (George Nellis) 40 72 .. 73 .. . 71 NARA, CIA Records search Tool (CREST), CIA-RDP79-01090A000500010009-7, 7-13 September 1948, “The Chinese National Government regards Siam with increasing disfavor”. 72 NARA, CIA Records search Tool (CREST),CIA-RDP82-00457R002700370010-5, 4 May 1949, “Participation of Former United States Navy Ship in the Attempted 26 February Coup”; 27 2516, 173- 174.; , ( )( : , 2542), 162-163.; . . . , . , 53). 2492 , .. 7 2 24 ), 150,161- 73 ( 27 2516, 162.; 180.

84 74 .. . 75 . 76 “” 4 ... 77 . . . 78 74 , “ (26 2492),” ( , 2518), 54-55. 75 27 2516 , 175, 181. 76 NARA, CIA Records search Tool (CREST), CIA-RDP82-00457R002600450003-5, 25 April 1949, “Political Activities Resultant on the 26 February Coup”. .. .. .. .. .. 77 , 4 + 1,( : , 2544). 4 .. ... . . (NARA, CIA Records search Tool (CREST), CIA-RDP82- 00457R002600450004-4, 25 April 1949, “Added Information Concerning the Murder of the Ex- Minister”). 78 NA, CO 54462/3, Thompson to Foreign Office, 29 November 1949.; NA, FO 371/84348, Thompson to Mr. Bevin,” Siam: Annual Review for 1949,” 10 May 1950.

85 3.7 “ ” “” . . “” “” “” ” ” ” 79 10 2475 “ “” . 80 2492 81 82 “ 79 NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 725, Stanton to Secretary of State, 9 February 1949. 80 NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 7250, Memorandum of Conversation Phibun and Stanton, 1 March 1949. 81 66, 17 (23 2492). 82 2492 “ ” “

86 ” “” 83 “” “ ” . . 84 “ “” “ ” 85 2490 “ ” 2492 “” . “” ” “” . .“ ” ” “ …- ”( , 14 ,( : 14 14 , 2548), 21. 83 NARA, RG 59 Central Decimal file 1945-1949 Box 7251, Stanton to Secretary of State, 11 February 1949. 84 NARA, CIA Records search Tool (CREST) ,CIA-RDP82-00457R002500140001-2, 15 March 1949, “Faction involved in political maneuvering in connection with the draft constitution and the amnesty bill”. 23 2492 85 , ,( : , 2512 ), 118. 2490 “ ”

4 : 2493-2495 4.1 . . 1 2 2490 1 Gilbert Rist, The History of Development: From Western Origins to Global Faith,(London: Zed Books, 1999), pp. 71-77.; Samuel P. Hayes, Jr., “The United States Point Four Program,” The Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly 28, 3 (July 1950): 27-35, 263-272.

88 2492 2 3 2490 . . . 2491-2500 2490 2492 . (Dean G. Acheson) . (Phillip C. Jessup) 2 Neher, “Prelude to Alliance: The Expansion of American Economic Interest in Thailand During The 1940s,” p. 72, 328-329, 391. 3 NARA, CIA Records search Tool (CREST),CIA-RDP67-00059A000500080009-9, 17 May 1948 , “Review of the World Situation”.

89 4 2490 2492 4 5 7 6 “ 4 NARA, RG 84 box 6 Top Secret General Records 1947-1958 Acherson to American Embassy Bangkok , 4 February 1949 5 Neher, “Prelude to Alliance: The Expansion of American Economic Interest in Thailand During The 1940s,” pp. 159-160. 6 “Basic U.S. Security Resource Assumptions, 1 June 1949,” in Foreign Relations of the United States 1949 Vol.1, (Washington DC.: Government Printing Office,1976), pp.339-340. 7 Neher, “Prelude to Alliance : The Expansion of American Economic Interest in Thailand During The 1940s,” p. 171.